JP2006299938A - Turbo compound system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To support driving force of an engine by recovering energy of exhaust gas, without imparting a large shock to a shift transmission device, by securing a relatively small space, by adding a relatively little part. <P>SOLUTION: A power turbine 17 is arranged in an exhaust passage 14 on the exhaust gas downstream side of a main turbine 15b of a turbocharger 15, and a power shaft 17a of the power turbine and a crankshaft 10a are connected via a viscous coupling 21. A hub for a coupling is connected to the power shaft, and a case for a coupling is connected to the crankshaft, and a sealed space is formed by relatively rotatably inserting the hub for a coupling into the case for a coupling. An inner plate is relatively nonrotatably stored in the sealed space to the hub for a coupling, and an outer plate is stored in the sealed space so as to be relatively nonrotatable to the hub for a coupling and to be alternately arranged with the inner plate, and a hydraulic fluid is also sealed in the sealed space. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbo compound system that recovers energy of exhaust gas discharged from an engine and supports the driving force of the engine by the recovered energy.

Conventionally, a power turbine is provided on the exhaust gas downstream side of a turbocharger provided in an exhaust pipe, and the power turbine and an engine crankshaft are coupled via a transmission transmission device to connect the outlet of the turbocharger and the inlet of the power turbine. A turbo compound engine control device (see, for example, Patent Document 1), in which a branch portion of a bypass passage that bypasses the power turbine is connected in the middle of the exhaust pipe, and a bypass valve is provided in the branch portion of the bypass passage, is disclosed. Has been. In this turbo compound engine control device, the transmission transmission device has a stepped gear transmission mechanism or a planetary gear mechanism, and this transmission transmission device is provided with an electromagnetic or hydraulic clutch. The computer is configured to control the bypass valve and the electromagnetic or hydraulic clutch based on the operating condition of the engine.
In the turbo compound engine control apparatus configured as described above, the computer opens and closes the bypass valve and connects or disconnects the electromagnetic or hydraulic clutch based on a wide range of operating conditions of the engine. Energy recovery can be performed in a high state. As a result, energy recovery efficiency can be improved.
JP 9-2222026 A (Claim 1, paragraph [0028])

However, the conventional turbo compound engine control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires a bypass passage and a bypass valve in addition to the electromagnetic or hydraulic clutch, so the number of parts increases, and the installation space for these parts is increased. There was a problem that increased.
Further, in the turbo compound engine control device disclosed in the above-mentioned conventional patent document 1, since the electromagnetic or hydraulic clutch control is a binary control of connection or disconnection, when switching from connection to disconnection or from disconnection to connection. When the engine speed is switched, energy is suddenly transmitted to or cut off from the engine, or when the crankshaft rotational speed changes suddenly at the time of engine malfunction, there is a problem that a relatively large impact acts on the transmission. It was.
Furthermore, in the turbo compound engine control apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned conventional patent document 1, the power turbine and the crankshaft are mechanically connected when the electromagnetic or hydraulic clutch is connected, that is, the power turbine and the crankshaft are all connected. Since they are connected by a rigid body, the torsional vibration of the engine is transmitted to the power turbine, and there is a problem that the durability of the power turbine is lowered.
It is an object of the present invention to recover the energy of exhaust gas by adding relatively few parts and ensuring a relatively small space without causing a large impact to the transmission, and to drive the engine power using this energy. It is an object to provide a turbo compound system capable of supporting the above and preventing a decrease in durability of the power turbine.

In the invention according to claim 1, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main turbine 15b of the turbocharger 15 is provided in the exhaust passage 14 through which the exhaust gas of the engine 10 passes, and the exhaust gas downstream of the main turbine 15b. This is an improvement of a turbo compound system in which a power turbine 17 is provided in the exhaust passage 14, and a power shaft 17 a of the power turbine 17 and a crankshaft 10 a of the engine 10 are connected via a transmission device 18.
The characteristic configuration is that the transmission 18 includes a viscous coupling 21, which is coupled to the power shaft 17 a or the crankshaft directly or via a gear train 19, and a coupling hub 28. A coupling case 29 connected to the crankshaft 10a or the power shaft directly or via the gear train 22, and a sealed space formed by inserting a coupling hub 28 into the coupling case 29 so as to be relatively rotatable. 31, a plurality of inner plates 32 that are non-rotatable relative to the coupling hub 28 and that are accommodated in the sealed space 31 at a predetermined interval in the center line direction of the coupling hub 28, and the coupling A predetermined interval in the direction of the center line of the coupling case 29 that cannot rotate relative to the case 29 A plurality of outer plates 33 accommodated in the closed space 31 to be disposed in Akekatsu alternately with a plurality of inner plates 32, there is to have the hydraulic oil 34 enclosed in the enclosed space 31.

  In the turbo compound system described in claim 1, when the exhaust gas discharged from the main turbine 15b flows into the power turbine 17, and the power turbine 17 rotates by the energy of the exhaust gas, this rotational force is generated by the power shaft 17a and the gears. This is transmitted to the inner plate 32 via the row 19, and the inner plate 32 rotates relative to the outer plate 33. At this time, the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 shear the hydraulic oil 34 and a viscous torque is generated between the plates 32 and 33, so that the outer plate 33 follows the inner plate 32 in the same direction as the inner plate 32. Rotate. The rotational force of the outer plate 33 is transmitted to the crankshaft 10 a through the gear train 22. Further, since the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are not in direct contact, even if there is a rotational difference between the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33, the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are not worn. Even if the exhaust gas flow rate changes abruptly or the engine shaft stalls due to poor operation and the crankshaft 10a rotates rapidly, the hydraulic oil 34 interposed between the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 causes the abrupt Can absorb changes. Further, since a part of the connecting portion between the power shaft 17a and the crankshaft 10a is not mechanically connected by the rigid body, that is, the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are connected by the hydraulic oil 34 made of a viscous fluid, the engine 10 Can be absorbed by the hydraulic oil 34.

As described above, according to the present invention, the coupling hub is connected to the power shaft or the crankshaft directly or via a gear train, and the coupling case is connected to the crankshaft or the power shaft directly or via the gear train. The coupling hub is inserted into the coupling case so as to be capable of relative rotation to form a sealed space, and the inner plate is accommodated in the sealed space so that it cannot be rotated relative to the coupling hub. Since the outer plate is accommodated in the sealed space so that it cannot rotate relative to the case and is arranged alternately with the inner plate, and the hydraulic oil is sealed in the sealed space, The plate or outer plate rotates and follows the rotation of the inner plate or outer plate by the viscous torque of the hydraulic oil. Plate or inner plate rotates in the same direction as the inner plate or outer plate. As a result, the rotational force of the outer plate or the inner plate is transmitted to the crankshaft directly or via the gear train, and the driving force of the engine is supported, so that the fuel consumption can be improved and the engine torque can be increased.
In addition, even if the exhaust gas flow rate changes suddenly or the crankshaft rotation speed changes suddenly due to poor operation, the sudden change is absorbed by the hydraulic oil interposed between the inner plate and the outer plate. Is done. As a result, a large impact does not act on the transmission device.
Further, since a part of the connecting portion between the power shaft and the crankshaft is not mechanically connected by the rigid body, that is, the inner plate and the outer plate are connected by the hydraulic fluid composed of the viscous fluid, the torsional vibration of the engine is suppressed by the hydraulic fluid. Can be absorbed. As a result, the torsional vibration of the engine is not transmitted to the power turbine, so that it is possible to prevent a decrease in durability of the power turbine.

Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, an intake pipe 12b is connected to an intake port of an engine 10 of a vehicle via an intake manifold 12a, and an exhaust pipe 14b is connected to an exhaust port via an exhaust manifold 14a. The intake pipe 12b is provided with a compressor 15a of the turbocharger 15. The intake pipe 12b is provided with an intercooler 16 on the intake pipe downstream side of the compressor 15a. A main turbine 15b of the turbocharger 15 is provided in the exhaust pipe 14b, and a power turbine 17 is provided in the exhaust pipe 14b on the exhaust gas downstream side of the main turbine 15b. The rotor blades 15c of the compressor 15a and the rotor blades 15d of the main turbine 15b are connected by a main shaft 15e. The energy of exhaust gas discharged from the engine 10 causes the rotor blades 15c of the compressor 15a to rotate via the rotor blades 15d and the main shaft 15e of the main turbine 15b, and the intake air in the intake pipe 12b is rotated by the rotation of the rotor blades 15c of the compressor 15a. Are configured to be compressed. The intake air compressed by the turbocharger 15 is cooled by the intercooler 16. The intake manifold 12a and the intake pipe 12b constitute an intake passage 12, and the exhaust manifold 14a and the exhaust pipe 14b constitute an exhaust passage 14.

  The rotating blades 17b of the power turbine 17 are connected to the crankshaft 10a of the engine 10 through a power shaft 17a and a transmission transmission means 18. The transmission transmission means 18 includes a turbine side gear train 19, a viscous coupling 21, and an engine side gear train 22. The turbine side gear train 19 is rotatably fitted on a first turbine side gear 19a fitted on the power shaft 17a and a turbine side parallel shaft 23 which meshes with the first turbine side gear 19a and is parallel to the power shaft 17a. And a second turbine side gear 19b (FIG. 2). The second turbine side gear 19b is formed to have a larger diameter than the first turbine side gear 19a, and the turbine side parallel shaft 23 is non-rotatably attached to the engine block. The engine-side gear train 22 is engaged with a first engine-side gear 22a fixed to the outer peripheral surface of a flywheel 23 fitted to the crankshaft 10a, and an idle gear that meshes with the first engine-side gear 22a and is parallel to the crankshaft 10a. A second engine-side gear 22b fitted to the shaft 26, and a third engine-side gear 22c fitted to the coupling shaft 27 that meshes with the second engine-side gear 22b and is parallel to the idle shaft 26 ( FIG. 1). The third engine side gear 22c is formed with a smaller diameter than the first engine side gear 22a, and the idle shaft 26 is rotatably attached to the engine block. The coupling shaft 27 is rotatably attached to the engine block so that its axis coincides with the turbine-side parallel shaft 23 and faces the turbine-side parallel shaft 23 at a predetermined interval.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the viscous coupling 21 includes a coupling hub 28 connected to the power shaft 17a via a turbine side gear train 19, and an engine side gear train 22 on the crankshaft 10a. The coupling case 29 connected to each other, the sealed space 31 formed by inserting the coupling hub 28 into the coupling case 29 so as to be relatively rotatable, and the relative rotation with respect to the coupling hub 28. A plurality of inner plates 32 that are impossiblely accommodated in the sealed space 31, a plurality of outer plates 33 that are accommodated in the sealed space 31 so as not to rotate relative to the coupling case 29, and the sealed space 29 are enclosed. Hydraulic oil 34. The coupling hub 28 is rotatably fitted to the coupling shaft 27 via a needle bearing 36, and a small diameter portion 28a to which the second turbine-side gear 19b is fixed by a bolt 37, and the small diameter portion 28a. And a large-diameter portion 28b having a hub spline external tooth 28c formed on the outer peripheral surface (FIG. 2). Further, the coupling case 29 has a flange portion 29a that is spline-fitted to the coupling shaft 27 and a case spline inner tooth 29c formed on the inner peripheral surface, into which the coupling hub 28 can be inserted, and the flange portion 29a. And a cylindrical portion 29b fixed by a bolt 38. Hub inner splines 32a meshing with the hub spline external teeth 28c are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the plurality of inner plates 32, and the outer spline inner teeth 32c mesh with the case spline inner teeth 29c. Case spline external teeth 33a are formed. Further, silicone oil is used as the hydraulic oil 34. Note that reference numeral 29d in FIG. 2 is a supply / discharge hole formed in the cylindrical portion 29b for supplying and discharging the hydraulic oil 34 to and from the sealed space 31, and reference numeral 29e is a plug for closing the supply / discharge hole 29d. Reference numerals 39 and 40 in FIG. 2 are oil seals for preventing leakage of the hydraulic oil 34 sealed in the sealed space 31.

  In order to assemble the viscous coupling 21, first, the small diameter portion 28a of the coupling hub 28 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 29b of the coupling case 29 from the inside thereof, and then the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are alternately arranged one by one. And with a predetermined gap between the adjacent inner plate 32 and outer plate 33 (FIG. 2). At this time, the hub spline inner teeth 32 a of the inner plate 32 are engaged with the hub spline outer teeth 28 c of the coupling hub 28, and the case spline outer teeth 33 a of the outer plate 33 are engaged with the case splines of the coupling case 29. Engage with teeth 29a. Next, after the opening of the cylindrical portion 29 b of the coupling case 29 is closed by the flange portion 29 a, the flange portion 29 a is fixed to the cylindrical portion 29 b with the bolt 38. As a result, a sealed space 32 is formed, and the plurality of inner plates 32 are not rotatable relative to the coupling hub 28 and are sealed at a predetermined interval in the center line direction of the coupling hub 28. The plurality of outer plates 33 are not rotatable relative to the coupling case 29 and are accommodated in the sealed space 31 at a predetermined interval in the center line direction of the coupling case 29. Further, after the hydraulic oil 34 is injected into the sealed space 31 from the supply / discharge hole 29d, the supply / discharge hole 29d is closed by the plug 29e. The hydraulic oil 34 injected into the sealed space 31 also enters a predetermined gap between the adjacent inner plate 32 and outer plate 33.

The operation of the turbo compound system configured as described above will be described.
When the engine 10 is started and exhaust gas is discharged from the engine 10, the exhaust gas flows into the main turbine 15b of the turbocharger 15 through the exhaust manifold 14a and the exhaust pipe 14b, and the energy of the exhaust gas causes the main turbine 15b. Rotating blade 15d rotates. This rotational force is transmitted to the rotary blade 15c of the compressor 15a via the main shaft 15e, and the intake air in the intake pipe 12b is compressed by the rotation of the rotary blade 15c of the compressor 15a. The exhaust gas discharged from the main turbine 15b flows into the power turbine 17, and the rotating blades 17b of the power turbine 17 are rotated by the energy of the exhaust gas. This rotational force is transmitted to the inner plate 32 via the power shaft 17 a, the first turbine side gear 19 a, the second turbine side gear 19 b, and the coupling hub 28, and the inner plate 32 is relative to the outer plate 33. Rotate. At this time, the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 shear the hydraulic oil 34 and a viscous torque is generated between the plates 32 and 33, so that the outer plate 33 follows the inner plate 32 in the same direction as the inner plate 32. Rotate. The rotational force of the outer plate 33 is transmitted to the crankshaft 10a through the coupling shaft 27, the third engine side gear 22c, the second engine side gear 22b, the first engine side gear 22a, and the flywheel 23. Since the rotation direction of the outer plate 33 is the same as the rotation direction of the crankshaft 10 a, the rotation force of the outer plate 33 supports the driving force of the engine 10. This can improve fuel efficiency and increase engine torque.

Further, since the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are not in direct contact, even if there is a rotational difference between the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33, the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are not worn.
Even if the exhaust gas flow rate changes abruptly or the engine shaft stalls due to poor operation and the crankshaft 10a rotates rapidly, the hydraulic oil 34 interposed between the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 causes the abrupt Changes are absorbed. As a result, a large impact does not act on the transmission device 18.
Further, since a part of the connecting portion between the power shaft 17a and the crankshaft 10a is not mechanically connected by the rigid body, that is, the inner plate 32 and the outer plate 33 are connected by the hydraulic oil 34 made of a viscous fluid, the engine 10 Can be absorbed by the hydraulic oil 34. As a result, the torsional vibration of the engine 10 is not transmitted to the power turbine 17, so that the durability of the power turbine 17 can be prevented from being lowered.

In the above embodiment, the outer plate rotates integrally with the third engine side gear of the engine side gear train, and the inner panel rotates integrally with the second turbine side gear of the turbine side gear train. However, the outer plate may rotate integrally with the second turbine side gear of the turbine side gear train, and the inner plate may rotate integrally with the third engine side gear of the engine side gear train.
In the above embodiment, the coupling hub is connected to the power shaft via the turbine side gear train. However, the coupling hub may be directly connected to the power shaft.
Further, in the above embodiment, the coupling case is connected to the crankshaft via the engine side gear train, but the coupling case may be directly connected to the crankshaft.

It is a block diagram of the turbo compound system containing the eddy current type coupling of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the A section expanded sectional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Engine 10a Crankshaft 14 Exhaust passage 15 Turbo supercharger 15b Main turbine 17 Power turbine 17a Power shaft 18 Shift transmission means 19 Turbine side gear train 21 Viscous coupling 22 Engine side gear train 28 Coupling hub 29 Coupling case 31 Sealed space 32 Inner plate 33 Outer plate 34 Hydraulic oil

Claims (2)

The main turbine (15b) of the turbocharger (15) is provided in the exhaust passage (14) through which the exhaust gas of the engine (10) passes, and the power turbine is connected to the exhaust passage (14) on the exhaust gas downstream side of the main turbine (15b). (17) is provided, and in the turbo compound system in which the power shaft (17a) of the power turbine (17) and the crankshaft (10a) of the engine (10) are connected via a transmission transmission device (18),
The transmission (18) includes a viscous coupling (21);
The viscous coupling (21)
A coupling hub (28) connected to the power shaft (17a) or the crankshaft (10a) directly or via a gear train (19);
A coupling case (29) coupled to the crankshaft (10a) or the power shaft (17a) directly or via a gear train (22);
A sealed space (31) formed by inserting the coupling hub (28) into the coupling case (29) so as to be relatively rotatable;
A plurality of inner members which are not rotatable relative to the coupling hub (28) and are accommodated in the sealed space (31) at a predetermined interval in the center line direction of the coupling hub (28). Plate (32),
Relative to the coupling case (29) is non-rotatable, with a predetermined interval in the direction of the center line of the coupling case (29), and alternately disposed with the plurality of inner plates (32). A plurality of outer plates (33) accommodated in the sealed space (31),
A turbo compound system comprising: hydraulic oil (34) sealed in the sealed space (31).   The turbo compound system according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic oil (34) is silicone oil.

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