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JP2006288431A - Ultrasonic surgical device - Google Patents

Ultrasonic surgical device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006288431A
JP2006288431A JP2005109093A JP2005109093A JP2006288431A JP 2006288431 A JP2006288431 A JP 2006288431A JP 2005109093 A JP2005109093 A JP 2005109093A JP 2005109093 A JP2005109093 A JP 2005109093A JP 2006288431 A JP2006288431 A JP 2006288431A
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amplitude
output
unit
living tissue
ultrasonic
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JP2005109093A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaru Hara
賢 原
Ko Shimizu
興 清水
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Olympus Medical Systems Corp
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Olympus Medical Systems Corp
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Abstract

【課題】
確実な凝固と迅速な切断の両方を容易に行うことのできる超音波手術装置を提供すること。
【解決手段】
超音波手術装置45は、超音波振動子24、超音波振動により生体組織への処置を可能とする処置部11、操作部14および、超音波振動子24を駆動出力させる出力検出回路35を有し、さらに生体組織に対して処置部11を一定の力量により把持させる定力バネ21と、一定の力量により把持される生体組織の凝固程度に相関する値としての処置経過時間を検知するタイマー処理部46と、出力検出回路35からの駆動出力を所定の振幅により出力させる絶対値検知回路37および比較回路38などからなる定電流帰還と、タイマー処理部46の計測時間に基づき、超音波振動の出力を出力開始時の振幅Lmよりも大きな振幅LMとするように切り替えを指示するタイマー処理部46および振幅切り替え部32とを有している。
【選択図】 図3
【Task】
To provide an ultrasonic surgical apparatus capable of easily performing both reliable coagulation and rapid cutting.
[Solution]
The ultrasonic surgical device 45 includes an ultrasonic transducer 24, a treatment unit 11 that enables treatment of a living tissue by ultrasonic vibration, an operation unit 14, and an output detection circuit 35 that drives and outputs the ultrasonic transducer 24. In addition, a constant force spring 21 that grips the treatment section 11 with a certain amount of force with respect to the living tissue, and a timer process that detects a treatment elapsed time as a value correlated with the degree of coagulation of the living tissue grasped with the certain amount of force. Unit 46, constant current feedback composed of an absolute value detection circuit 37 and a comparison circuit 38 for outputting the drive output from the output detection circuit 35 with a predetermined amplitude, and the measurement time of the timer processing unit 46, the ultrasonic vibration A timer processing unit 46 and an amplitude switching unit 32 are provided to instruct switching so that the output is set to an amplitude LM larger than the amplitude Lm at the start of output.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

本発明は、超音波振動による生体組織の凝固および切開が可能な超音波手術装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an ultrasonic surgical apparatus capable of coagulating and incising a living tissue by ultrasonic vibration.

従来より、超音波機械振動を利用し、処置具を振動させて生体組織を切開したり凝固したりする超音波手術装置が開発されている。この種の超音波手術装置では、処置中に煙が発生しないので特に内視鏡下外科手術では有効である。また、超音波手術装置は、超音波振動を利用して生体組織の接合が可能なため、クリップ装置のようにクリップが生体内に残ってしまうという問題も生じない。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an ultrasonic surgical apparatus has been developed that uses ultrasonic mechanical vibration to incise or coagulate a living tissue by vibrating a treatment tool. This type of ultrasonic surgical device is particularly effective in endoscopic surgery because smoke is not generated during the procedure. In addition, since the ultrasonic surgical apparatus can join living tissues using ultrasonic vibration, there is no problem that the clip remains in the living body unlike the clip apparatus.

一方、電気メスに比べて応答が遅いという問題に対処した超音波手術装置が、特開平9−299381号公報に開示されている。同号公報に記載の装置は、超音波処置の開始時には超音波振動出力を通常の設定値よりも大きくし、開始から所定時間の経過後に、前記設定値により駆動する切り換え制御を行っている。   On the other hand, an ultrasonic surgical apparatus that copes with the problem that the response is slower than that of an electric knife is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-299381. The apparatus described in the publication discloses a switching control in which the ultrasonic vibration output is set to be larger than a normal set value at the start of the ultrasonic treatment, and is driven by the set value after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start.

また、特許第3318057号公報には、プローブの処置部と挟持部材との間に挟持された生体組織に加えられる圧迫力を検出し、その圧迫力に適した生体組織の適切な処置を施すことができる超音波処置装置が開示されている。
特開平9−299381号公報 特許第3318057号公報
Japanese Patent No. 3318057 discloses a method of detecting a compression force applied to a living tissue sandwiched between a treatment portion of a probe and a sandwiching member, and applying an appropriate treatment to the living tissue suitable for the compression force. An ultrasonic treatment apparatus capable of performing the above is disclosed.
JP-A-9-299381 Japanese Patent No. 3318057

前述した装置を用いた処置つまり、凝固および切開時においては、プローブの超音波振動の振幅が小さい場合には、凝固程度は高いが、切開速度が遅くなる。一方、プローブの振幅を大きい場合には、凝固程度は弱いが、切開速度が速くなる。
従って、ユーザの要求として、確実な凝固と共に、手早く切断したい、と望む場合は、そのような単一の出力ではそのような処置は行えない。そのためユーザは、最初は小振幅により出力し、ある程度凝固された状態において、大振幅に切り替えるという2段階の使い方をする必要がある。その際、切り替え用のフットスイッチの踏み替え動作を要するため、術者にとっては煩雑であり、患部への集中力が低減すると考えられる。
In the treatment using the above-described apparatus, that is, at the time of coagulation and incision, if the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration of the probe is small, the degree of coagulation is high but the incision speed is slow. On the other hand, when the amplitude of the probe is large, the degree of coagulation is weak, but the incision speed increases.
Therefore, if the user desires to cut quickly with reliable coagulation, such a single output cannot do that. Therefore, the user needs to use a two-step method of outputting with a small amplitude at first, and switching to a large amplitude in a state of being solidified to some extent. At that time, since a stepping operation of the switching foot switch is required, it is complicated for the surgeon and it is considered that the concentration power on the affected area is reduced.

特開平9−299381号公報の構成では、出力開始時の処置効果を高めるために、開始時に一時的に振幅を大きくしている。
しかしながら、この装置では凝固切開にかかる時間は短縮されるが、凝固力を高めることはできないという問題があった。
In the configuration of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-299381, the amplitude is temporarily increased at the start in order to enhance the treatment effect at the start of output.
However, this apparatus shortens the time required for coagulation and incision, but has a problem that the coagulation force cannot be increased.

また、特許第3318057号公報の構成では、処置部に与える圧力と超音波振動振幅とのバランスをとり、必要以上の蛋白変性を起こさせないように制御している。
しかしながら、この装置では凝固のみで切開を行うことができないという問題があった。
In the configuration of Japanese Patent No. 3318057, the pressure applied to the treatment portion and the ultrasonic vibration amplitude are balanced, and control is performed so as not to cause unnecessary protein denaturation.
However, this apparatus has a problem that incision cannot be performed only by coagulation.

本発明は前述した問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、スイッチ切り替え等の動作を不要とし、確実な凝固と迅速な切開の両方を容易に行うことのできる超音波手術装置を提供することを目的にしている。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an ultrasonic surgical apparatus that does not require an operation such as switch switching and can easily perform both reliable coagulation and quick incision. I have to.

本発明の超音波手術装置は、超音波振動を発生する超音波振動子と、前記超音波振動により生体組織への処置を可能とする処置部と、操作部の操作に応じて前記処置部を開閉駆動する開閉駆動部と、前記超音波振動子を駆動する駆動出力を出力する出力手段と、を有する超音波手術装置において、前記操作部が操作された場合に生体組織を前記処置部において一定の力量により把持する一定力量把持手段と、前記処置部により前記一定の力量によって把持され処置される生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値を検知する状態検知手段と、前記出力手段からの駆動出力を所定の振幅に制御する振幅制御手段と、前記状態検知手段が検知した前記状態値に基づいて、前記超音波振動の出力を出力開始時の振幅よりも大きな振幅に切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御する振幅切り替え制御手段と、を有する。   The ultrasonic surgical apparatus of the present invention includes an ultrasonic transducer that generates ultrasonic vibrations, a treatment unit that enables treatment of a living tissue by the ultrasonic vibrations, and the treatment unit according to an operation of the operation unit. In an ultrasonic surgical apparatus having an opening / closing drive unit that opens and closes and an output unit that outputs a drive output that drives the ultrasonic transducer, the living tissue is constant in the treatment unit when the operation unit is operated. A constant force amount grasping means for grasping with a certain force amount, a state detecting means for detecting a state value corresponding to a coagulation state of a living tissue grasped and treated by the treatment portion with the constant force amount, and a drive output from the output means Based on the state control value detected by the state detection unit and the amplitude control unit that controls the amplitude to a predetermined amplitude, the output of the ultrasonic vibration is switched to an amplitude larger than the amplitude at the start of output. Serial having an amplitude switching control means for controlling the amplitude control means.

本発明によれば、スイッチ切り替え等の動作を不要とし、確実な凝固と迅速な切開の両方を容易に行うことのできる超音波手術装置を実現することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, operation | movement, such as switch switching, is unnecessary, and the ultrasonic surgery apparatus which can perform both reliable coagulation and quick incision easily can be implement | achieved.

以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
(第1の実施の形態)
図1ないし図11は、第1の実施の形態に係り、図1は、超音波手術装置の全体構成図、図2は、ハンドピースの概略構成を示す構成図、図3は、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図、図4は、ハンドル検知スイッチを示すハンドピース基端部側の構成図、図5は、スイッチ検知部の構成を示す回路図、図6は、処置時間による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャート、図7は、振幅切り替えを説明するための波形図、図8は、連続的な振幅切り替えを示す波形図、図9は、段階的な振幅切り替えを示す波形図、図10は、曲線的な振幅切り替えを示す波形図、図11は、音により振幅切り替えを報知することを示す波形図である。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1 to 11 relate to the first embodiment, FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an ultrasonic surgical apparatus, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a handpiece, and FIG. 3 is an ultrasonic coagulation. 4 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the lancing device, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the handpiece base end side showing the handle detection switch, FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the switch detection unit, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram for explaining amplitude switching, FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing continuous amplitude switching, FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram showing stepwise amplitude switching, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a waveform diagram showing curved amplitude switching, and FIG. 11 is a waveform diagram showing notifying amplitude switching by sound.

図1に示すように、超音波手術装置45は、超音波凝固切開装置1と、ハンドピース2とフットスイッチ(以下、出力スイッチと称する)3とから構成されている。超音波凝固切開装置1には、ハンドピース2及び出力スイッチ3が、それぞれ接続ケーブル2a及び3aを介して電気的に接続されている。接続ケーブル2a及び3aは、各一端部がハンドピース2及び出力スイッチ3に接続されている。また、接続ケーブル2aの他端部には、コネクタ2bが設けられ、後述のハンドピース接続部6に着脱可能となっている。接続ケーブル3aの他端部には、コネクタ3bが設けられ、後述の出力スイッチ接続部7に着脱可能となっている。出力スイッチ3は、ユーザである術者が、操作してONにして超音波凝固切開装置1からの高周波出力を出力させるための出力操作スイッチである。   As shown in FIG. 1, the ultrasonic surgical device 45 includes an ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1, a handpiece 2, and a foot switch (hereinafter referred to as an output switch) 3. A handpiece 2 and an output switch 3 are electrically connected to the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1 via connection cables 2a and 3a, respectively. One end of each of the connection cables 2 a and 3 a is connected to the handpiece 2 and the output switch 3. Moreover, the connector 2b is provided in the other end part of the connection cable 2a, and it can attach or detach to the handpiece connection part 6 mentioned later. A connector 3b is provided at the other end of the connection cable 3a, and is attachable to and detachable from an output switch connection 7 described later. The output switch 3 is an output operation switch that is operated by a surgeon who is a user and is turned on to output a high-frequency output from the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1.

超音波凝固切開装置1から出力される高周波電力は、ハンドピース2の内部に設けられた後述の超音波振動子に供給される。超音波振動子により電気エネルギーが機械的振動エネルギーに変換され、ハンドピース2の先端が、超音波振動するようになっている。超音波振動出力のON/OFFは、超音波凝固切開装置1に接続された出力スイッチ3により行われる。尚、ハンドスイッチ等の他のスイッチにより行っても良い。   The high frequency power output from the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1 is supplied to an ultrasonic transducer (described later) provided inside the handpiece 2. Electric energy is converted into mechanical vibration energy by the ultrasonic vibrator, and the tip of the handpiece 2 is ultrasonically vibrated. The ultrasonic vibration output is turned ON / OFF by an output switch 3 connected to the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1. In addition, you may carry out with other switches, such as a hand switch.

超音波凝固切開装置1の前面にはフロントパネル4が設けられている。このフロントパネル4には電源スイッチ5と、ハンドピース2用の接続部6が設けられており、超音波凝固切開装置1の側面には、出力スイッチ3用の接続部7とが設けられている。
さらに、超音波凝固切開装置1のフロントパネル4には、超音波処置のための高周波出力の大きさを設定する設定スイッチ8と、その設定スイッチ8により設定される高周波出力の大きさ等をデジタル表示する表示部9とが設けられている。設定スイッチ8には、高周波出力の大きさを変更、つまり増減する出力増加スイッチ8aと出力低減スイッチ8bとが設けられている。また、超音波凝固切開装置1は、警告音などを鳴らすためのスピーカ10が設けられている。
A front panel 4 is provided on the front surface of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1. The front panel 4 is provided with a power switch 5 and a connection portion 6 for the handpiece 2, and a connection portion 7 for the output switch 3 is provided on the side surface of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1. .
Further, on the front panel 4 of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting apparatus 1, a setting switch 8 for setting the magnitude of the high-frequency output for the ultrasonic treatment and the magnitude of the high-frequency output set by the setting switch 8 are digitally displayed. A display unit 9 for displaying is provided. The setting switch 8 is provided with an output increase switch 8a and an output decrease switch 8b that change, that is, increase or decrease the magnitude of the high-frequency output. In addition, the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1 is provided with a speaker 10 for sounding a warning sound or the like.

図2を参照して、ハンドピース2の構成について説明する。
ハンドピース2は、先端部に処置部11を備えたプローブ12と、処置部11の基端側からプローブ12の途中までを覆う細長いシースユニット13と、操作部14を基端側に備えたハンドルユニット15等とから構成されている。ハンドルユニット15は、プローブ12の途中から基端部を覆うように装着されるようになっている。
With reference to FIG. 2, the structure of the handpiece 2 is demonstrated.
The handpiece 2 includes a probe 12 provided with a treatment portion 11 at the distal end, an elongated sheath unit 13 that covers from the proximal end side of the treatment portion 11 to the middle of the probe 12, and a handle provided with an operation portion 14 on the proximal end side. The unit 15 and the like. The handle unit 15 is mounted so as to cover the proximal end portion from the middle of the probe 12.

プローブ12の処置部11は、把持部であり、シースユニット13の先端部から露出した鉗子形状をしている。処置部11は、固定ジョー16と可動ジョー17とから構成されている。固定ジョー16は、プローブ12の先端部であり、可動ジョー17は、固定ジョー16に対して開閉自在に設けられている。そして、固定ジョー16と可動ジョー17とにより、生体組織等が把持可能となっている。   The treatment portion 11 of the probe 12 is a grip portion and has a forceps shape exposed from the distal end portion of the sheath unit 13. The treatment portion 11 includes a fixed jaw 16 and a movable jaw 17. The fixed jaw 16 is the tip of the probe 12, and the movable jaw 17 is provided so as to be openable and closable with respect to the fixed jaw 16. A living tissue or the like can be grasped by the fixed jaw 16 and the movable jaw 17.

可動ジョー17の基端部には、シャフト19の先端部が回動自在に連結されている。シャフト19は、プローブ12の軸方向に沿って配置されており、その基端部には力量受け部19aが設けられている。力量受け部19aは、プローブ12に対して摺動自在に配置されている。また、プローブ12には、力量受け部19aより基端側に、力量伝達部材20が摺動自在に配置されている。力量受け部19aと力量伝達部材20との間には、後述のバネ21がプローブ12に伸縮自在に装着されている。   A distal end portion of a shaft 19 is rotatably connected to a proximal end portion of the movable jaw 17. The shaft 19 is disposed along the axial direction of the probe 12, and a force receiving portion 19a is provided at the base end portion thereof. The force receiving portion 19a is slidably disposed with respect to the probe 12. Further, the force transmission member 20 is slidably disposed on the probe 12 on the proximal end side from the force receiving portion 19a. Between the force receiving portion 19 a and the force transmitting member 20, a spring 21 described later is attached to the probe 12 so as to be extendable and contractable.

また、ハンドルユニット15の操作部14は、ハンドルユニット15の基端部に固定された固定ハンドル22と、可動ハンドル23とから構成されている。可動ハンドル23は、力量伝達部材20およびハンドルユニット15にそれぞれ軸支され、固定ハンドル22に対して当接及び離間が可能となっているので、操作部14は開閉自在となっている。そして、ユーザである術者が、操作部14すなわち可動ハンドル23を開閉操作することにより、その力量が、力量伝達部材20及びバネ21を介してシャフト19に伝達され、シャフト19がプローブ12の軸方向に進退する。その進退に応じて、処置部11の可動ジョー17が開閉する。以上のように、シャフト19、力量伝達部材20及びバネ21は、操作部14の操作に応じて処置部11を開閉駆動する開閉駆動部を構成している。   The operation unit 14 of the handle unit 15 includes a fixed handle 22 fixed to the base end portion of the handle unit 15 and a movable handle 23. The movable handle 23 is pivotally supported by the force transmission member 20 and the handle unit 15, and can be brought into contact with and separated from the fixed handle 22, so that the operation unit 14 can be opened and closed. Then, when a surgeon who is a user opens and closes the operation unit 14, that is, the movable handle 23, the force is transmitted to the shaft 19 via the force transmission member 20 and the spring 21, and the shaft 19 is the axis of the probe 12. Advance and retreat in the direction. The movable jaw 17 of the treatment unit 11 opens and closes according to the advance and retreat. As described above, the shaft 19, the force transmission member 20, and the spring 21 constitute an opening / closing drive unit that opens and closes the treatment unit 11 in accordance with the operation of the operation unit 14.

さらに、プローブ12の基端部には、超音波振動子(以下、振動子と記す)24が接続されている。振動子24は、超音波凝固切開装置1の後述する出力部から供給される高周波電力を超音波機械振動に変換する。振動子24において発生した超音波振動は、プローブ12の先端部である固定ジョー16に伝達される。
ここで、術者が操作部14を操作すると、可動ジョー17が固定ジョー16に対して当接方向あるいは離間方向への移動する。特に、可動ジョー17を固定ジョー16に対して当接方向に移動させる動作により、プローブ12の先端部の可動ジョー17と固定ジョー16の間に、生体組織を挟むことができる。生体組織を挟み込んだ状態にして、プローブ12が超音波振動することにより、組織が凝固あるいは切開されることとなる。
Furthermore, an ultrasonic transducer (hereinafter referred to as a transducer) 24 is connected to the proximal end portion of the probe 12. The vibrator 24 converts high-frequency power supplied from an output unit (described later) of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1 into ultrasonic mechanical vibration. The ultrasonic vibration generated in the vibrator 24 is transmitted to the fixed jaw 16 that is the tip of the probe 12.
Here, when the operator operates the operation unit 14, the movable jaw 17 moves in the contact direction or the separation direction with respect to the fixed jaw 16. In particular, the living tissue can be sandwiched between the movable jaw 17 and the fixed jaw 16 at the distal end of the probe 12 by moving the movable jaw 17 in the contact direction with respect to the fixed jaw 16. When the probe 12 is ultrasonically vibrated in a state where the living tissue is sandwiched, the tissue is coagulated or incised.

次に、図3を参照して、超音波凝固切開装置1の回路構成について説明する。
超音波凝固切開装置1は、各種制御を行う制御回路26と、制御回路26に接続される出力部27と、前記出力スイッチ3のON/OFFを検知して制御回路26に送るスイッチ検知部28と、後述のハンドル検知スイッチのON/OFFを検知して制御回路26に送るスイッチ検知部29と、ハンドピース2の処置部11が後述のように一定の力量により把持した生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値を検知、すなわち生体組織の凝固状態を検知する検知処理部30と、検知処理部30及び制御回路26に接続された振幅切り替え部32と、制御回路26に接続される設定部40とを有している。検知処理部30は、タイマー処理部107を有する。
Next, the circuit configuration of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 1 includes a control circuit 26 that performs various controls, an output unit 27 connected to the control circuit 26, and a switch detection unit 28 that detects ON / OFF of the output switch 3 and sends the output switch 3 to the control circuit 26. And a switch detection unit 29 that detects ON / OFF of a handle detection switch, which will be described later, and sends it to the control circuit 26, and the treatment unit 11 of the handpiece 2 is in a coagulated state of a living tissue grasped by a certain amount of force as will be described later. A detection processing unit 30 that detects a corresponding state value, that is, a coagulation state of a living tissue, an amplitude switching unit 32 connected to the detection processing unit 30 and the control circuit 26, and a setting unit 40 connected to the control circuit 26 And have. The detection processing unit 30 includes a timer processing unit 107.

出力部27は、制御回路26に接続されたPLL(Phase Locked Loop)部33と、PLL部33に接続された電力増幅回路34と、電力増幅回路34に接続された出力検出回路35とを有している。さらに、出力部27は、振幅切り替え部32に接続されたD/Aコンバータ36と、出力検出回路35に接続された絶対値検知回路37と、D/Aコンバータ36および絶対値検知回路37接続された比較回路38と、比較回路38に接続され乗算回路39とを有している。出力部27は、超音波振動子24を駆動する駆動出力を出力する出力手段を構成する。   The output unit 27 includes a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) unit 33 connected to the control circuit 26, a power amplification circuit 34 connected to the PLL unit 33, and an output detection circuit 35 connected to the power amplification circuit 34. is doing. Further, the output unit 27 is connected to the D / A converter 36 connected to the amplitude switching unit 32, the absolute value detection circuit 37 connected to the output detection circuit 35, and the D / A converter 36 and the absolute value detection circuit 37. The comparison circuit 38 and a multiplication circuit 39 connected to the comparison circuit 38 are provided. The output unit 27 constitutes an output unit that outputs a drive output for driving the ultrasonic transducer 24.

制御回路26からの命令に従い、PLL部33は高周波出力を行う。PLL部33からの高周波出力は、電力増幅回路34により増幅され、ハンドピース2の振動子24へ印加される。振動子24へ印加される電流および電圧は、出力検出回路35により検出され、その電流および電圧の位相データθI、θVは、PLL部33へ帰還される。PLL部33は、その電流および電圧の位相データθI、θVを基に、常に共振点の周波数により高周波出力を行う。以上のように、PLL部33、電力増幅回路34および、出力検出回路35は、出力手段を構成している。   In accordance with a command from the control circuit 26, the PLL unit 33 performs high frequency output. The high frequency output from the PLL unit 33 is amplified by the power amplification circuit 34 and applied to the vibrator 24 of the handpiece 2. The current and voltage applied to the vibrator 24 are detected by the output detection circuit 35, and the phase data θI and θV of the current and voltage are fed back to the PLL unit 33. The PLL section 33 always outputs a high frequency at the frequency of the resonance point based on the current and voltage phase data θI and θV. As described above, the PLL unit 33, the power amplification circuit 34, and the output detection circuit 35 constitute an output unit.

また、出力検出回路35により検出された電流値のデータIは、絶対値検知回路37を介して比較回路38に入力され、比較回路38において、制御回路26からの出力設定値データと比較される。その比較結果は、乗算回路39により所定の乗算がなされ、その乗算結果が電力増幅回路34に供給されることにより、負帰還回路が構成される。すなわち、電力増幅回路34、出力検出回路35、絶対値検知回路37、比較回路38および乗算回路39によって、出力設定値データを基準とする定電流帰還が構成されており、振幅制御手段が構成されている。ここで、振動子24から出力される機械的振動の振幅は、出力検出回路35からの印加電流値に比例する。そのため、前記定電流帰還により、出力振幅は、出力設定値によって規定された振幅に保たれることとなる。
尚、出力設定値データは、設定スイッチ8等から構成される設定部40により設定可能となっている。
The current value data I detected by the output detection circuit 35 is input to the comparison circuit 38 via the absolute value detection circuit 37, and is compared with the output set value data from the control circuit 26 in the comparison circuit 38. . The comparison result is subjected to a predetermined multiplication by the multiplication circuit 39, and the multiplication result is supplied to the power amplification circuit 34, thereby forming a negative feedback circuit. That is, the power amplification circuit 34, the output detection circuit 35, the absolute value detection circuit 37, the comparison circuit 38, and the multiplication circuit 39 constitute a constant current feedback based on the output set value data, and constitute an amplitude control means. ing. Here, the amplitude of the mechanical vibration output from the vibrator 24 is proportional to the applied current value from the output detection circuit 35. Therefore, the output amplitude is maintained at the amplitude defined by the output set value by the constant current feedback.
The output set value data can be set by a setting unit 40 including the setting switch 8 and the like.

次に、ハンドピース2に設けられたハンドル検知スイッチと、その検知スイッチの検知を行うスイッチ検知部29と、一定力量により生体組織を把持させるためのバネ21とについて説明する。
図4に示すように、ハンドピース2の固定ハンドル22には、可動ハンドル23が当接可能な位置にハンドル検知スイッチ25が設けられている。ハンドル検知スイッチ25は、プローブ12の先端部と可動ジョー17とにより生体組織が一定の力量により把持されていることを検知するためのスイッチである。ハンドル検知スイッチ25の情報は、接続ケーブル2aを介してスイッチ検知部29に入力され、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONするとその情報は、制御回路26へ伝達される。
Next, the handle detection switch provided in the handpiece 2, the switch detection unit 29 that detects the detection switch, and the spring 21 for grasping the living tissue with a certain amount of force will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, a handle detection switch 25 is provided at a position where the movable handle 23 can come into contact with the fixed handle 22 of the handpiece 2. The handle detection switch 25 is a switch for detecting that the living tissue is grasped with a certain amount of force by the distal end portion of the probe 12 and the movable jaw 17. Information on the handle detection switch 25 is input to the switch detection unit 29 via the connection cable 2a. When the handle detection switch 25 is turned on, the information is transmitted to the control circuit 26.

図5に示すように、スイッチ検知部29には、発光ダイオード41および受光素子42を備えたフォトインタラプタ43が設けられている。図示しない電源に接続された抵抗器と発光ダイオード41との間には、ハンドル検知スイッチ25が介装されている。ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONされた場合に、発光ダイオード41が発光し、受光素子42が作動して前記制御回路26へON情報が送られるようになっている。   As shown in FIG. 5, the switch detector 29 is provided with a photo interrupter 43 including a light emitting diode 41 and a light receiving element 42. A handle detection switch 25 is interposed between the resistor connected to the power source (not shown) and the light emitting diode 41. When the handle detection switch 25 is turned on, the light emitting diode 41 emits light, the light receiving element 42 is activated, and ON information is sent to the control circuit 26.

ここで、図2に示すように、術者により可動ハンドル23が途中まで閉じられると、その操作力量が、力量伝達部材20、バネ21およびシャフト19を介して可動ジョー17に伝達される。可動ジョー17は、プローブ12の先端部の固定ジョー16に向かって移動し、半分閉じた状態となる。さらに、術者により可動ハンドル23が閉じていくと、可動ジョー17が固定ジョー16に当接して閉じる。可動ジョー17と固定ジョー16が当接した後、術者が、さらに可動ハンドル23を閉じる操作を行うと、その閉じる力量が、力量伝達部材20を介してバネ21を縮ませ、さらに可動ジョー17を固定ジョー16に押し付ける。そして、可動ハンドル23を最後まで閉じると、バネ21はそれ以上縮まない。すなわち、可動ハンドル23を最後まで閉じると、可動ジョー17とプローブ12先端部により把持された組織は、バネ21の伸張しようとする力によって、必ず一定の力量により把持されることになる。以上のように、バネ21は、操作部14が操作された場合に生体組織を処置部11において一定の力量により把持する一定力量把持手段としての定力バネを構成している。   Here, as shown in FIG. 2, when the operator closes the movable handle 23 halfway, the amount of operating force is transmitted to the movable jaw 17 via the force transmission member 20, the spring 21 and the shaft 19. The movable jaw 17 moves toward the fixed jaw 16 at the tip of the probe 12 and is in a half-closed state. Further, when the movable handle 23 is closed by the operator, the movable jaw 17 comes into contact with the fixed jaw 16 and closes. After the movable jaw 17 and the fixed jaw 16 come into contact with each other, when the operator further performs an operation of closing the movable handle 23, the amount of the closing force contracts the spring 21 via the force transmission member 20, and further the movable jaw 17. Is pressed against the fixed jaw 16. When the movable handle 23 is closed to the end, the spring 21 is not further contracted. That is, when the movable handle 23 is closed to the end, the tissue grasped by the movable jaw 17 and the distal end portion of the probe 12 is always grasped by a certain amount of force due to the force of the spring 21 to extend. As described above, the spring 21 constitutes a constant force spring as a constant force grasping means for grasping a living tissue with a certain amount of force in the treatment unit 11 when the operation unit 14 is operated.

ハンドル検知スイッチ25は、可動ハンドル23を最後まで閉じたときに、可動ハンドル23が固定ハンドル22に接触する。その接触位置に設けられたハンドル検知スイッチ25が押圧されたとき、生体組織がバネ21の力により一定の力量によって把持されていることとなる。ハンドル検知スイッチ25は、生体組織を一定の力量によって把持していることを検知する一定力量把持状態検知手段を構成する。尚、ハンドル検知スイッチ25のいわゆる遊びは、可動ジョー17と固定ジョー16が何も把持していない状態において、バネ21に力が加わり始める位置から、可動ハンドル23が完全に閉じるまでの間としてよい。また、スイッチ25は、メカニカルスイッチとしてもよいし、磁気感知型のスイッチとしてもよい。   When the movable handle 23 is closed to the end, the movable handle 23 comes into contact with the fixed handle 22. When the handle detection switch 25 provided at the contact position is pressed, the living tissue is grasped with a certain amount of force by the force of the spring 21. The handle detection switch 25 constitutes a constant force amount grasping state detecting means for detecting that the living tissue is grasped with a certain amount of force. The so-called play of the handle detection switch 25 may be from a position where a force starts to be applied to the spring 21 until the movable handle 23 is completely closed in a state where the movable jaw 17 and the fixed jaw 16 are not gripping anything. . The switch 25 may be a mechanical switch or a magnetic sensing type switch.

可動ハンドル23が握られて閉じると、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONとなり、その情報がスイッチ検知部29にて検知され、制御回路26へ送られる。制御手段としての制御回路26は、その情報を元に、振動子24に対する高周波出力の可否を判断する。   When the movable handle 23 is grasped and closed, the handle detection switch 25 is turned on, and the information is detected by the switch detection unit 29 and sent to the control circuit 26. Based on the information, the control circuit 26 as the control means determines whether high frequency output is possible for the vibrator 24.

また、図5と同様に、出力スイッチ3側のスイッチ検知部28も、図示しないフォトインタラプタを有している。そのフォトインタラプタの図示しない発光ダイオードと、受光素子との間の光路を遮ったり、開放したりする遮蔽板とが設けられている。図1に示す出力スイッチ3のペダル部材3cが踏み込み操作されていない待機位置では、前記遮蔽板は発光ダイオードと、受光素子との間に挿入され、フォトインタラプタの光路を遮っている。そして、ペダル部材の踏み込み操作に連動して遮蔽板が動き、発光ダイオードと受光素子との間を開放して、フォトインタラプタの光路の遮りを解除する。出力スイッチ3がON/OFFの情報は、スイッチ検知部29を介して制御回路26へ送られる。
制御回路26は、出力スイッチ3が押されたとき、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONの場合には高周波出力を有効と判断し、OFFの場合には無効と判断する。無効の場合には、高周波出力を禁止するように出力部27を制御する、。その際、音によるエラー告知や、表示部9へのエラーメッセージ等を行っても良い。具体的には例えば、高周波出力が禁止状態であることを報知するため、制御回路26は、図示しないアンプ回路を介して報知手段としての前記スピーカ10を鳴らす。
Similarly to FIG. 5, the switch detector 28 on the output switch 3 side also has a photo interrupter (not shown). A light-emitting diode (not shown) of the photo interrupter and a shielding plate for shielding or opening an optical path between the light-receiving elements are provided. In the standby position where the pedal member 3c of the output switch 3 shown in FIG. 1 is not depressed, the shielding plate is inserted between the light emitting diode and the light receiving element to block the optical path of the photo interrupter. Then, the shielding plate moves in conjunction with the depressing operation of the pedal member, opens the space between the light emitting diode and the light receiving element, and releases the shielding of the optical path of the photo interrupter. Information on whether the output switch 3 is ON / OFF is sent to the control circuit 26 via the switch detection unit 29.
When the output switch 3 is pressed, the control circuit 26 determines that the high-frequency output is valid when the handle detection switch 25 is ON, and determines that it is invalid when it is OFF. When it is invalid, the output unit 27 is controlled so as to prohibit high-frequency output. At that time, an error notification by sound or an error message to the display unit 9 may be performed. Specifically, for example, in order to notify that the high-frequency output is in a prohibited state, the control circuit 26 sounds the speaker 10 as a notification means via an amplifier circuit (not shown).

尚、制御回路26による前記有効および無効の判断は、制御回路26内のソフトウェアにより行ってもよい。または、ハンドル検知スイッチ25と出力スイッチ3との両信号を入力とするAND(ゲート)回路の出力信号が、制御回路26へ送られる構成としてもよい。   The validity / invalidity determination by the control circuit 26 may be performed by software in the control circuit 26. Alternatively, an output signal of an AND (gate) circuit that receives both signals from the handle detection switch 25 and the output switch 3 may be sent to the control circuit 26.

制御回路26は、ハンドル検知スイッチ25が押されていないつまり、OFFのときには、高周波出力を禁止する指示を振幅切り替え部32に送る。一方、制御回路26は、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONの場合のみ、出力スイッチ3からのON信号を有効とし、超音波出力を許可する指示をタイマー処理部46に与える。   The control circuit 26 sends an instruction to prohibit the high-frequency output to the amplitude switching unit 32 when the handle detection switch 25 is not pressed, that is, when it is OFF. On the other hand, only when the handle detection switch 25 is ON, the control circuit 26 validates the ON signal from the output switch 3 and gives an instruction to permit the ultrasonic output to the timer processing unit 46.

制御回路26に接続されるタイマー処理部46は、出力スイッチ3のONによる超音波振動による出力開始から、処置部11による処置が継続されている処置経過時間が所定の時間になったか否かを検知するものである。出力スイッチ3およびタイマー処理部46は、所定の凝固の状態に対応する状態値としての処置経過時間を検知する処置経過時間検知手段を構成している。
次に、超音波出力の振幅切り替えに関連する構成について説明する。
タイマー処理部46は、制御回路26から高周波出力の許可が与えられている場合にのみ、以下の動作を有効とする。
タイマー処理部46は、高周波出力直後から所定の振幅によって振動子24を駆動するように振幅切り替え部32へ所定の信号を与え、振幅切り替え部32がD/Aコンバータ36へ初期設定値つまり初期データを与える。D/Aコンバータ36は、初期設定値をアナログ信号に変換し、前記定電流帰還を構成する比較回路38へ送る。前述のように、定電流帰還により、出力振幅は、初期設定値によって規定された振幅に保たれることとなる。
The timer processing unit 46 connected to the control circuit 26 determines whether or not the treatment elapsed time during which the treatment by the treatment unit 11 has been continued has reached a predetermined time from the start of output by ultrasonic vibration when the output switch 3 is turned on. It is something to detect. The output switch 3 and the timer processing unit 46 constitute treatment elapsed time detection means for detecting treatment elapsed time as a state value corresponding to a predetermined coagulation state.
Next, a configuration related to amplitude switching of the ultrasonic output will be described.
The timer processing unit 46 validates the following operation only when the high-frequency output permission is given from the control circuit 26.
The timer processing unit 46 gives a predetermined signal to the amplitude switching unit 32 so as to drive the vibrator 24 with a predetermined amplitude immediately after high-frequency output, and the amplitude switching unit 32 supplies an initial set value, that is, initial data to the D / A converter 36. give. The D / A converter 36 converts the initial setting value into an analog signal and sends it to the comparison circuit 38 constituting the constant current feedback. As described above, the output amplitude is maintained at the amplitude defined by the initial setting value by constant current feedback.

また、タイマー処理部46は、検知結果が振幅切り替えの条件を満たしているか否を判別するための状態値を検知する状態検知手段である。タイマー処理部46は、処置経過時間を検知し、切り替えの条件を満たしている、つまり処置経過時間が所定経過時間(所定値)以上となった場合には、振幅切り替え部32にD/Aコンバータ36へ切り替え設定値つまり切り替えデータを与えるように指示信号として、タイムアップ信号を出力する。具体的には、切り替えデータは、振幅切り替え部32が保持していて、タイマー処理部46のタイムアップ信号に応じて、振幅切り替え部32が切り替えデータを出力する。そして前述と同様に、定電流帰還により、出力振幅は、切り替え後の設定値によって規定された振幅に保たれることとなる。   The timer processing unit 46 is a state detection unit that detects a state value for determining whether or not the detection result satisfies the condition for amplitude switching. The timer processing unit 46 detects the treatment elapsed time and satisfies the switching condition, that is, if the treatment elapsed time is equal to or longer than the predetermined elapsed time (predetermined value), the timer switching unit 46 sends the D / A converter to the amplitude switching unit 32. A time-up signal is output as an instruction signal so as to give a switching set value, that is, switching data to 36. Specifically, the switching data is held by the amplitude switching unit 32, and the amplitude switching unit 32 outputs the switching data in accordance with the time-up signal from the timer processing unit 46. As described above, the output amplitude is maintained at the amplitude defined by the set value after switching by constant current feedback.

なお、タイマー処理部46が、処置経過時間を計時して振幅切り替え部32に出力し、振幅切り替え部32が入力された処置経過時間が、所定経過時間になったか否かを決定する機能を有するようにしてもよい。以上のように、タイマー処理部46及び振幅切り替え部32は、状態検知手段と振幅切り替え制御手段を構成している。   The timer processing unit 46 has a function of measuring the elapsed treatment time and outputting it to the amplitude switching unit 32, and determining whether or not the elapsed treatment time input by the amplitude switching unit 32 has reached a predetermined elapsed time. You may do it. As described above, the timer processing unit 46 and the amplitude switching unit 32 constitute a state detection unit and an amplitude switching control unit.

尚、超音波凝固切開装置1から出力される高周波信号の出力振幅の値は、前述のように、予め設定された値でもよいし、術者が設定スイッチ8により入力して設定した値でもよい。さらに尚、タイマー処理部46のタイムアップする所定経過時間も、前述のように、タイマー処理部46に予め設定された時間でもよいし、術者が設定スイッチ8により入力して設定した時間でもよい。術者が前記設定スイッチ8により、振幅値及び時間として、所望の設定値を入力可能とすることによって、その設定値に従った出力振幅による処置がその設定された時間だけ可能となる。また、出力の最大値を設定する図示しない最大出力値設定スイッチを設けてもよい。前記設定値および最大出力値は、各設定スイッチの設定に従い、制御回路26から振幅切り替え部32に与えられる。
次に、超音波出力の開始から、処置経過時間による振幅切り替え動作について、図3および図6を参照して説明する。
図6のステップS1及びS2に示すように、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONのときにのみ、つまりハンドピース2の可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこんだときにのみ、出力スイッチ3のON信号が有効となる。
一方、図6のステップS2において、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がOFFの場合、無効であり、図6のステップS3において、警告処理がなされる。具体的には例えば、スピーカ10から警告音を鳴らす等である。
Note that the value of the output amplitude of the high-frequency signal output from the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting apparatus 1 may be a value set in advance as described above, or may be a value set by an operator using the setting switch 8. . Furthermore, the predetermined elapsed time that the timer processing unit 46 times up may be a time set in advance in the timer processing unit 46 as described above, or may be a time set by the operator using the setting switch 8. . By allowing the operator to input a desired set value as the amplitude value and time using the setting switch 8, a treatment using the output amplitude according to the set value can be performed only for the set time. Further, a maximum output value setting switch (not shown) for setting the maximum output value may be provided. The set value and the maximum output value are given from the control circuit 26 to the amplitude switching unit 32 according to the setting of each setting switch.
Next, the amplitude switching operation based on the elapsed treatment time from the start of ultrasonic output will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in steps S1 and S2 of FIG. 6, the ON signal of the output switch 3 is valid only when the handle detection switch 25 is ON, that is, only when the movable handle 23 of the handpiece 2 is fully gripped. Become.
On the other hand, if the handle detection switch 25 is OFF in step S2 of FIG. 6, the operation is invalid, and a warning process is performed in step S3 of FIG. Specifically, for example, a warning sound is emitted from the speaker 10.

次に、ハンドピース2の処置部11により生体組織が把持された状態であることを前提として、以下の動作を説明する。その際、可動ハンドル23にはバネ21が介装されており、可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこむと、可動ジョー17はバネ21により規定された所定の力量によって、生体組織を把持する。そのため、高周波出力を開始する際は、必ず同一の力量により生体組織が把持される。   Next, the following operation will be described on the premise that the living tissue is grasped by the treatment unit 11 of the handpiece 2. At that time, a spring 21 is interposed in the movable handle 23, and when the movable handle 23 is grasped to the end, the movable jaw 17 grasps the living tissue with a predetermined amount of force defined by the spring 21. Therefore, when starting high-frequency output, the living tissue is always grasped with the same force.

可動ハンドル23を握りこんだ状態において出力スイッチ3が押されると、ステップS2でYESとなり、ステップS4において、タイマー処理部46により、時間カウントが開始される。さらに、ステップS5において、小振幅Lmによる高周波出力が開始される。その際、処置部11により一定の力量により把持された生体組織に対して、小振幅Lmによる超音波振動が加えられることとなる。   If the output switch 3 is pressed while the movable handle 23 is grasped, YES is determined in step S2, and the timer processing unit 46 starts time counting in step S4. In step S5, high-frequency output with a small amplitude Lm is started. At that time, ultrasonic vibration with a small amplitude Lm is applied to the living tissue grasped by the treatment unit 11 with a certain amount of force.

ステップS6において、タイマー処理部46による計測時間tが定数tcよりも大きくなると、ステップS7へ進み、大振幅LMによる出力へ切り替わる。ここで、生体組織は、前述のように一定の力量により把持されている。そして、その状態において、処置経過時間、すなわち出力開始から処置部11による処置が継続されている間、生体組織に一定の小振幅Lmの超音波による処置がなされている。その処置により、生体組織の凝固が進むこととなり、処置経過時間は、生体組織の凝固状態と一定の相関関係を有している。   In step S6, when the measurement time t by the timer processing unit 46 becomes larger than the constant tc, the process proceeds to step S7, and the output is switched to the output with the large amplitude LM. Here, the living tissue is grasped with a certain amount of force as described above. In this state, while the treatment by the treatment unit 11 is continued from the treatment elapsed time, that is, from the start of output, the living tissue is treated with ultrasonic waves having a constant small amplitude Lm. The treatment causes the coagulation of the living tissue to proceed, and the treatment elapsed time has a certain correlation with the coagulation state of the living tissue.

ここで、振幅の切り替わりの構成は、図7に示すように、パルス状に一気に切り替えることも可能である。しかし、例えば30%から100%へ一気に切り替えた場合、振動子24へ瞬間的に大電流が流れ、振動子24を破損する恐れがある。   Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the configuration of switching the amplitude can be switched at once in a pulse shape. However, for example, when switching from 30% to 100% at a stroke, a large current may flow instantaneously to the vibrator 24 and the vibrator 24 may be damaged.

よって、ステップS7において、振幅は、図8に示すように、所定の増加率によって連続的に増大させる、または、図9に示すように、LmとLMの中間に、少なくとも1つ以上の段階的な増加をさせることにより切り替える。あるいは、ステップS7において、振幅は、図10に示すように、ゆるやかな曲線例えば所定関数による増大を行うように切り替えるようにしてもよい。   Accordingly, in step S7, the amplitude is continuously increased at a predetermined increase rate as shown in FIG. 8, or at least one or more stepwise steps between Lm and LM as shown in FIG. Switch by making a large increase. Alternatively, in step S7, the amplitude may be switched so as to increase by a gentle curve, for example, a predetermined function, as shown in FIG.

尚、小振幅Lmと大振幅LMのそれぞれの値は、上述したように、術者により設定部40から設定可能としてもよいし、予め決められた振幅値としても良い。設定される振幅値としては、例えば、基準値に対して、Lmが30%、LMが100%としても良い。尚、基準値は、例えば最大値出力時の振幅を100%とする。   The values of the small amplitude Lm and the large amplitude LM may be set by the operator from the setting unit 40 as described above, or may be predetermined amplitude values. As the amplitude value to be set, for example, Lm may be 30% and LM may be 100% with respect to the reference value. The reference value is, for example, 100% amplitude when the maximum value is output.

また、出力振幅の切り替わる定数tcは、上述したように、予め設定された時間(tc=t0)となるようにしてもよいし、使用者により設定可能としてもよい。さらに、定数tcは、小振幅Lmの関数、例えばtc=f(Lm)のような関数としてもよい。
前記tcを決める定数t0または関数f(Lm)は、実験により、確実に凝固されかつ切開はされない時間として決定される。その実験例としては、組織を把持して小振幅Lmにより出力を行い、把持部から1mm離れた点における組織温度が、70〜90℃となる時間を複数回計測し、それらの統計データにより決定する。前述の70〜90℃は、生体組織のタンパク質が熱により変性し凝固する温度である。
さらにステップS7において、振幅の切り替わりを知らせるため、音または音の変化によって術者へ報知を行う。超音波出力中に発音される出力音は、例えば図11に示すように、振幅の大きさLm、LMに応じてそれぞれ異なる音E、Fとする。術者は、音の変化により、出力振幅が切り替ったことを認識可能となる。
具体的には、出力音は、例えば、パルス音が間欠的に出される音とし、振幅が大きくなるほど、間欠間隔を短くしてもよい。あるいは、出力音は、振幅が大きくなるほど音階を高くなるようにしてもよい。さらにあるいは、小振幅出力から大振幅出力へ切り替わるときに、音が鳴るようにしてもよい。また、出力音は、最大値出力時のときにのみ異なる音としてもよい。
Further, the constant tc at which the output amplitude is switched may be set to a preset time (tc = t0) as described above, or may be set by the user. Furthermore, the constant tc may be a function of a small amplitude Lm, for example, a function such as tc = f (Lm).
The constant t0 or the function f (Lm) that determines the tc is determined by experiment as a time during which solidification is ensured and incision is not performed. As an example of the experiment, the tissue is grasped and output with a small amplitude Lm, and the time when the tissue temperature at a point 1 mm away from the grasping portion is 70 to 90 ° C. is measured a plurality of times and determined by the statistical data. To do. The aforementioned 70 to 90 ° C. is a temperature at which the protein in the living tissue is denatured and solidified by heat.
Furthermore, in step S7, in order to notify the switching of the amplitude, the operator is notified by sound or sound change. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, output sounds generated during ultrasonic output are different sounds E and F according to amplitudes Lm and LM, respectively. The surgeon can recognize that the output amplitude has been switched due to a change in sound.
Specifically, for example, the output sound may be a sound in which a pulse sound is intermittently emitted, and the intermittent interval may be shortened as the amplitude increases. Alternatively, the output sound may have a higher scale as the amplitude increases. Further alternatively, a sound may be generated when switching from a small amplitude output to a large amplitude output. The output sound may be different only when the maximum value is output.

術者は、生体組織に対して所定の処置がなされれば、ステップS8において、出力スイッチ3をOFFにして、ステップS9において、高周波出力を停止させることが可能である。   If a predetermined treatment is performed on the living tissue, the surgeon can turn off the output switch 3 in step S8 and stop the high-frequency output in step S9.

本実施の形態によれば、出力開始直後はゆっくりと凝固が行われ、凝固が進み、組織が固くなると、高振幅出力により切開するという作業が、出力スイッチ3の踏み替えをせずに、自動的に行うことができる。言い換えると、確実な凝固と迅速な切断の両方をスイッチの切り替え等の動作を行わずに、単一動作にて実施することができる。   According to the present embodiment, immediately after the start of output, coagulation is performed slowly, and when coagulation progresses and the tissue becomes hard, an operation of incision with high amplitude output is performed automatically without changing the output switch 3. Can be done automatically. In other words, both reliable solidification and rapid cutting can be performed in a single operation without performing an operation such as switching of the switch.

また、本実施の形態によれば、従来の方法による出力よりも切開時間が短縮され、迅速な処置が可能である。術者はスイッチの切り替え等が不要であり、ストレスを感じずに、処置に集中できる。   Further, according to the present embodiment, the incision time is shortened compared to the output by the conventional method, and a rapid treatment is possible. The surgeon does not need to change the switch and can concentrate on the treatment without feeling stress.

(第2の実施の形態)
図12から図19は、第2の実施の形態に係り、図12は、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図、図13は、ジョー開閉角検知機構の概略構成を示すハンドピース基端部側の構成図、図14は、エンコーダおよびエンコーダ信号検知部の回路図、図15は、2相式エンコーダの概略構成図、図16は、2相式エンコーダのパルス信号の位相関係を示す波形図、図17は、開閉角を計数するためのフローチャート、図18は、開閉角の計数における初期処理のフローチャート、図19は、把持角検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートである。
(Second Embodiment)
12 to 19 relate to the second embodiment, FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device, and FIG. 13 is a handpiece base diagram showing a schematic configuration of the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism. FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram of an encoder and an encoder signal detector, FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a two-phase encoder, and FIG. 16 shows a phase relationship of pulse signals of the two-phase encoder. FIG. 17 is a flowchart for counting the opening / closing angle, FIG. 18 is a flowchart for initial processing in counting the opening / closing angle, and FIG. 19 is a flowchart for amplitude switching processing based on grip angle detection.

図12に示すように、本実施の形態の超音波手術装置48には、第1の実施の形態の検知処理部30のタイマー処理部46に代えて、振幅切り替え判断部31と、ジョー開閉角検知機構50と、検知処理部30としてのエンコーダ信号検知部55およびエンコーダ信号処理部56と、が設けられている。
ジョー開閉角検知機構50は、ハンドピース2に設けられ、前記処置部11の開閉角度を検知するものである。ジョー開閉角検知機構50、エンコーダ信号検知部55およびエンコーダ信号処理部56が、処置部11が生体組織を把持した状態の開閉角を生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値として検知する開閉角検知手段を構成している。
As shown in FIG. 12, the ultrasonic surgical device 48 according to the present embodiment includes an amplitude switching determination unit 31 and a jaw opening / closing angle instead of the timer processing unit 46 of the detection processing unit 30 according to the first embodiment. A detection mechanism 50 and an encoder signal detection unit 55 and an encoder signal processing unit 56 as the detection processing unit 30 are provided.
The jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 is provided in the handpiece 2 and detects the opening / closing angle of the treatment section 11. Opening / closing angle detection in which the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50, the encoder signal detection unit 55, and the encoder signal processing unit 56 detect the opening / closing angle in a state where the treatment unit 11 grips the living tissue as a state value corresponding to the coagulation state of the living tissue. Means.

また、エンコーダ信号検知部55およびエンコーダ信号処理部56と、振幅切り替え判断部31とは、超音波手術装置48の超音波凝固切開装置49に設けられている。
尚、振幅を増大させる構成および、振幅の切り替わりを音によって術者に告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じである。その他、第1の実施の形態と同様の構成については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
The encoder signal detection unit 55, the encoder signal processing unit 56, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 are provided in the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 49 of the ultrasonic surgical device 48.
Note that the configuration for increasing the amplitude and the configuration for notifying the surgeon of the change of amplitude by sound are the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

まず制御回路26は、第1の実施の形態と同様にハンドル検知スイッチ25が押されていない、つまりOFFのときには、高周波出力を禁止する指示を振幅切り替え判断部31に送る。また、制御回路26は、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONの場合にのみ、出力スイッチ3からのON信号を有効とし、高周波出力を許可する指示を振幅切り替え判断部31に与える。   First, similarly to the first embodiment, the control circuit 26 sends an instruction to prohibit the high-frequency output to the amplitude switching determination unit 31 when the handle detection switch 25 is not pressed, that is, is OFF. The control circuit 26 validates the ON signal from the output switch 3 only when the handle detection switch 25 is ON, and gives an instruction to permit the high frequency output to the amplitude switching determination unit 31.

次に、超音波出力の振幅切り替えに関連する構成について説明する。
振幅切り替え判断部31は、制御回路26から高周波出力の許可が与えられている場合にのみ、以下の動作を有効とする。
図12に示すように、振幅切り替え判断部31は、高周波出力開始直後において所定の振幅によって振動子24を駆動するように、振幅切り替え部32がD/Aコンバータ36へ初期設定値つまり、初期データを与えるように制御信号を振幅切り替え部32に出力する。D/Aコンバータ36は、初期設定値をアナログ信号に変換し、前記定電流帰還を構成する比較回路38へ送る。前述のように、定電流帰還により、出力振幅は、初期設定値によって規定された振幅に保たれることとなる。
Next, a configuration related to amplitude switching of the ultrasonic output will be described.
The amplitude switching determination unit 31 validates the following operation only when the high-frequency output permission is given from the control circuit 26.
As shown in FIG. 12, the amplitude switching determination unit 31 sends an initial set value, that is, initial data, to the D / A converter 36 so that the amplitude switching unit 32 drives the transducer 24 with a predetermined amplitude immediately after the start of high-frequency output. The control signal is output to the amplitude switching unit 32 so as to give The D / A converter 36 converts the initial setting value into an analog signal and sends it to the comparison circuit 38 constituting the constant current feedback. As described above, the output amplitude is maintained at the amplitude defined by the initial setting value by constant current feedback.

図12に示すように、ハンドピース2の後述するジョー開閉角検知機構50が検知した信号は、前記接続ケーブル2aを介して検知処理部30に送られる。検知処理部30は、ジョーが所定の開閉角になったか否かを検知する。検知処理部30は、ジョーが生体組織が所定の凝固状態になる角度である所定の開閉角になったときに、振幅切替判断部31に所定の開閉角になったことを知らせる信号を出力する。振幅切り替え判断部31は、検知結果が後述の振幅切り替えの条件を満たしているか否を判別する。振幅切り替え判断部31は、切り替えの条件満たしていると判断した場合には、振幅切り替え部32に対してD/Aコンバータ36へ切り替え設定値つまり切り替えデータを与えるように指示信号を出力する。そして第1の実施の形態と同様に、定電流帰還により、出力振幅は、切り替え後の設定値によって規定された振幅に保たれることとなる。また、振幅切り替え判断部31および振幅切り替え部32は、振幅切り替え制御手段を構成している。   As shown in FIG. 12, a signal detected by a jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 described later of the handpiece 2 is sent to the detection processing unit 30 via the connection cable 2a. The detection processing unit 30 detects whether or not the jaw has a predetermined opening / closing angle. The detection processing unit 30 outputs a signal notifying the amplitude switching determination unit 31 that the jaw has reached the predetermined opening / closing angle when the jaw has a predetermined opening / closing angle that is an angle at which the living tissue becomes a predetermined coagulation state. . The amplitude switching determination unit 31 determines whether the detection result satisfies an amplitude switching condition described later. When the amplitude switching determination unit 31 determines that the switching condition is satisfied, the amplitude switching determination unit 31 outputs an instruction signal to the amplitude switching unit 32 so as to provide a switching setting value, that is, switching data, to the D / A converter 36. As in the first embodiment, the output amplitude is maintained at the amplitude defined by the set value after switching by constant current feedback. The amplitude switching determination unit 31 and the amplitude switching unit 32 constitute an amplitude switching control unit.

次に、ジョー開閉角検知機構50の詳細な構成について、図13から図16を参照して説明する。
図13に示すように、ジョー開閉角検知機構50は、可動ジョー17を開閉させるシャフト19に等間隔に複数の透過穴51が形成され、透過穴51と対向する位置に光学式のエンコーダ52を設置して構成されている。尚、透過穴51は、シャフト19上ではなく、シャフト19に固定された別部材に形成しても良い。また、エンコーダ52は、光学式に限らず、刷子式または磁気式のものでもよい。刷子式のものには、シャフト19上に等間隔に凹部を形成する。また、磁気式のものでは、シャフト19上に等間隔に磁石を配置する。
Next, a detailed configuration of the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16.
As shown in FIG. 13, the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 has a plurality of transmission holes 51 formed at equal intervals in the shaft 19 that opens and closes the movable jaw 17, and an optical encoder 52 is provided at a position facing the transmission holes 51. Installed and configured. The transmission hole 51 may be formed not on the shaft 19 but in a separate member fixed to the shaft 19. The encoder 52 is not limited to an optical type, and may be a brush type or a magnetic type. In the brush type, recesses are formed on the shaft 19 at equal intervals. In the magnetic type, magnets are arranged on the shaft 19 at equal intervals.

ここで、可動ジョー17の開閉運動は、シャフト19の前後運動と連動つまり一致している。そのため、シャフト19の運動の向きと移動距離とを例えば2相パルス信号式の前記エンコーダ52、後述のエンコーダ信号検知部55およびエンコーダ信号処理部56により検知する。それによって、可動ジョー17の開閉角の算出が可能となる。尚、図2に示すように、検知角をθとする。   Here, the opening / closing movement of the movable jaw 17 is linked to, or coincides with, the longitudinal movement of the shaft 19. Therefore, the direction of movement and the movement distance of the shaft 19 are detected by, for example, the two-phase pulse signal type encoder 52, an encoder signal detection unit 55 and an encoder signal processing unit 56 described later. Thereby, the opening / closing angle of the movable jaw 17 can be calculated. As shown in FIG. 2, the detection angle is θ.

図14および図15に示すように、エンコーダ52は、受光部53および発光部54から構成されている。受光部53および発光部54は、透過穴51を間に挟むように、互いに対向する位置に配置されている。受光部53は、第1および第2の受光素子A、Bから構成されている。発光部54が発した光は、透過穴51を介して受光素子A、Bに受光され、検知処理部30の後述するエンコーダ信号検知部へ送られるようになっている。   As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the encoder 52 includes a light receiving unit 53 and a light emitting unit 54. The light receiving part 53 and the light emitting part 54 are arranged at positions facing each other so as to sandwich the transmission hole 51 therebetween. The light receiving portion 53 is composed of first and second light receiving elements A and B. Light emitted from the light emitting unit 54 is received by the light receiving elements A and B through the transmission hole 51 and sent to an encoder signal detection unit (described later) of the detection processing unit 30.

エンコーダ52は、通常の2相パルス信号式のものと同様に構成されている。すなわち、2相の受光部53、つまり受光素子A、Bの大きさおよび間隔と、シャフト19上の透過穴51の幅との位置関係は、受光素子A、Bにより検知された2相のパルス信号が、1/4位相ずつ差を有するようになっている。
例えば、図16に示すように、シャフト19が受光素子Bから受光素子Aの方向に進んでいる場合、受光素子Aのパルス信号つまりA相が、受光素子Bのパルス信号つまりB相に対して1/4位相進んでいる。
The encoder 52 is configured in the same manner as an ordinary two-phase pulse signal type. That is, the positional relationship between the size and interval of the two-phase light receiving portion 53, that is, the light receiving elements A and B, and the width of the transmission hole 51 on the shaft 19 is determined by the two-phase pulses detected by the light receiving elements A and B. The signals have a difference of ¼ phase.
For example, as shown in FIG. 16, when the shaft 19 advances from the light receiving element B to the light receiving element A, the pulse signal of the light receiving element A, that is, the A phase is compared with the pulse signal of the light receiving element B, that is, the B phase. 1/4 phase advance.

図12および図14に示すように、検知処理部30は、エンコーダ検知部55とエンコーダ信号処理部56とから構成されている。   As illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 14, the detection processing unit 30 includes an encoder detection unit 55 and an encoder signal processing unit 56.

エンコーダ検知部55は、エンコーダ52の受光素子A、Bが出力する2相パルス信号を検知し、エンコーダ信号処理部56に受け渡すフォトインタラプタ57、58を有している。エンコーダ信号処理部56は、受光素子A、Bからの2相パルス信号を基に、前記処置部11の開閉角を検知し、前記振幅切り替え判断部31にジョーが所定の開閉角になったことを知らせる信号を出力するようになっている。つまり、エンコーダ検知部55およびエンコーダ信号処理部56は、開閉角算出手段を構成している。   The encoder detection unit 55 includes photo interrupters 57 and 58 that detect the two-phase pulse signals output from the light receiving elements A and B of the encoder 52 and pass them to the encoder signal processing unit 56. The encoder signal processing unit 56 detects the opening / closing angle of the treatment unit 11 based on the two-phase pulse signals from the light receiving elements A and B, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 indicates that the jaw has reached a predetermined opening / closing angle. A signal for informing is output. That is, the encoder detection unit 55 and the encoder signal processing unit 56 constitute an opening / closing angle calculation unit.

次に、図17のフローチャートを用いて、エンコーダ信号処理部56の動作について説明する。
エンコーダ信号処理部56は、処置部11の開閉角をカウントするための図示しないカウンタを有している。ここで、2相パルス信号A、Bには位相差があり、その立ち上がりのいずれが早い、つまり位相が早いかによって、カウンタのカウント数Cの増減を決定することができる。
図17のステップS11において、2相パルス信号A、B(以下、A、Bと記す)が共にロー(L)であれば待機状態となり、それ以外ならステップS12〜S14へと進む。A=HおよびB=LつまりAの位相が早い場合、シャフト19が後退し処置部11が開く方向に動いており、ステップS15において、カウント数Cを増加させる。逆に、A=LおよびB=HつまりBの位相が早い場合、シャフト19が前方へ移動し処置部11が閉じる方向に動いており、ステップS17において、カウント数Cを減少させる。尚、可動ジョー17とプローブ12の先端部の開閉角度は負にならない。そのため、ステップS16においてC=0のときに負方向へ動いた場合には、ステップS18へ進み、C=0のままとする。
以上のようにして、ステップS15〜S18からS11へのループが繰り返され、シャフト19の前後運動に伴って、カウント数Cが増減される。ここで、可動ジョー17の開閉角と、エンコーダ52からのパルスの数は1対1に対応しており、カウント数Cは、可動ジョー17の開閉角を表していることとなる。よって、このカウンタ数Cにより、検知角θつまり開閉角度が判断可能である。
尚、ステップS14において、A、Bが共にハイ(H)のままならば、ステップS19においてエンコーダ52の故障と判断し、例えば、図1に示す表示部9にその旨表示をしてもよい。
Next, the operation of the encoder signal processing unit 56 will be described using the flowchart of FIG.
The encoder signal processing unit 56 has a counter (not shown) for counting the opening / closing angle of the treatment unit 11. Here, there is a phase difference between the two-phase pulse signals A and B, and the increase / decrease of the count number C of the counter can be determined depending on which of the rising edges is earlier, that is, the phase is earlier.
In step S11 of FIG. 17, if both of the two-phase pulse signals A and B (hereinafter referred to as A and B) are low (L), the standby state is entered. Otherwise, the process proceeds to steps S12 to S14. When A = H and B = L, that is, when the phase of A is early, the shaft 19 moves backward and the treatment unit 11 opens, and the count number C is increased in step S15. On the other hand, when A = L and B = H, that is, the phase of B is early, the shaft 19 moves forward and the treatment section 11 moves in the closing direction, and the count number C is decreased in step S17. The open / close angle between the movable jaw 17 and the tip of the probe 12 is not negative. Therefore, if it moves in the negative direction when C = 0 in step S16, the process proceeds to step S18 and C = 0 is maintained.
As described above, the loop from steps S15 to S18 to S11 is repeated, and the count number C is increased or decreased as the shaft 19 moves back and forth. Here, the opening / closing angle of the movable jaw 17 and the number of pulses from the encoder 52 correspond to each other, and the count number C represents the opening / closing angle of the movable jaw 17. Therefore, the detection angle θ, that is, the opening / closing angle can be determined from the counter number C.
If both A and B remain high (H) in step S14, it is determined in step S19 that the encoder 52 has failed, and for example, that fact may be displayed on the display unit 9 shown in FIG.

また、開閉角の検知には、ジョー開閉角検知機構50における0度の位置と、エンコーダ信号処理部56のカウンタ数0とを対応付けるための初期化が必要である。そのため、図示しない初期化スイッチを超音波凝固切開装置1の本体上に設け、可動ハンドル23を閉じた状態にて初期化スイッチを押すことにより対応付けが可能となる。尚、前記初期化スイッチは、前記本体上以外に、ハンドピース2または出力スイッチ3に設けても良い。   Further, in order to detect the opening / closing angle, it is necessary to perform initialization so as to associate the position of 0 degrees in the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 with the counter number 0 of the encoder signal processing unit 56. For this reason, an initialization switch (not shown) is provided on the main body of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting apparatus 1, and association is possible by pressing the initialization switch with the movable handle 23 closed. The initialization switch may be provided on the handpiece 2 or the output switch 3 other than on the main body.

前記初期化の動作について、図18のフローチャートを参照して説明する。
ステップS20において、初期化スイッチはそのON動作が、ステップS21において、可動ハンドル23を閉じたときにのみ有効とし、その開閉の検知は前記ハンドル検知スイッチ25により行う。ここで、ハンドピース2の可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこんだときにのみ、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がONとなる。そのとき、初期化スイッチがON状態であれば、ステップS22において、エンコーダ信号処理部56のカウンタがリセットされる。一方、ハンドル検知スイッチ25がOFFならば、ステップS23において、例えばエラーメッセージを表示部9に表示する。表示内容は、「エラーメッセージを完全に握ってから初期化スイッチを押してください」などである。尚、初期化スイッチに代えて、零位置信号付きエンコーダを使用してもよい。
The initialization operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step S20, the initialization switch is activated only when the movable handle 23 is closed in step S21, and the opening / closing detection is performed by the handle detection switch 25. Here, only when the movable handle 23 of the handpiece 2 is fully gripped, the handle detection switch 25 is turned on. At this time, if the initialization switch is in the ON state, the counter of the encoder signal processing unit 56 is reset in step S22. On the other hand, if the handle detection switch 25 is OFF, for example, an error message is displayed on the display unit 9 in step S23. The displayed content is “Please hold the error message and press the initialization switch”. Instead of the initialization switch, an encoder with a zero position signal may be used.

次に、超音波出力の開始から、その後の振幅の切り替え動作について図19を参照して説明する。
図19のフローチャートにおいて、図6のステップS1からS3までは第1の実施の形態と同様であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
第1の実施の形態と同様に、可動ジョー17はバネ21によって規定された力により、生体組織を把持する。そのため、高周波出力を開始する際は、必ず同一の力量により生体組織が把持される。
Next, the amplitude switching operation after the start of ultrasonic output will be described with reference to FIG.
In the flowchart of FIG. 19, steps S1 to S3 of FIG. 6 are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
Similar to the first embodiment, the movable jaw 17 grips the living tissue by the force defined by the spring 21. Therefore, when starting high-frequency output, the living tissue is always grasped with the same force.

可動ハンドル23を握りこんだ状態において出力スイッチ3が押されると、高周波波出力が開始されると共に、振幅切り替え判断部31が検知角θの変化を監視する。以上は、ステップS33〜S37に対応する。尚、一定角度以上減少したら、後述のように、振幅を増大させることとなる。
具体的には、ステップS33において、振幅切り替え判断部31では、超音波出力が開始直後に、エンコーダ信号処理部56により検知される角度θを初期開閉角度θ0として、ステップS34において、図示しない一時メモリヘ保存する。また同時に、ステップS35において、振動子24から小振幅Lmによる出力が開始される。
ステップS36において、出力中、振幅切り替え判断部31では検知角θを監視しつづける。ステップS37において、θ≦θcとの条件を満たしたならば、ステップS38において、大振幅の出力LMへ切り替える。尚、θc=C×θ0、定数C<1の関係がある。
ここで、検知角θは、処置部11が一定の力量により生体組織を把持した状態において、生体組織の厚みと一定の相関関係がある。そのため、検知角θ0は把持された当初の生体組織の厚みを示している。また、その後に測定された検知角θは、超音波振動による処置を受けた生体組織の厚みを示している。そのため、θ≦C×θ0の条件は、その厚みが出力開始時よりも、所定の割り合いだけ薄くなっって、生体組織が所定の凝固状態になったか否かを示していることとなる。一般的に、小振幅出力においては、時間は要する傾向にあるが凝固能に優れ、一方、大振幅出力においては、止血力(シール)は弱い傾向にあるが切開能に優れている。振幅切り替え条件を構成する定数Cは、その値を適宜選択することにより、凝固能と切開能とを相互に補完させることが可能である。
When the output switch 3 is pressed while the movable handle 23 is grasped, high-frequency wave output is started, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 monitors the change in the detection angle θ. The above corresponds to steps S33 to S37. If the angle is decreased by a certain angle or more, the amplitude is increased as will be described later.
Specifically, in step S33, the amplitude switching determination unit 31 sets the angle θ detected by the encoder signal processing unit 56 immediately after the start of ultrasonic output as the initial opening / closing angle θ0, and in step S34, stores it in a temporary memory (not shown). save. At the same time, in step S35, output from the vibrator 24 with a small amplitude Lm is started.
In step S36, during output, the amplitude switching determination unit 31 continues to monitor the detection angle θ. If the condition θ ≦ θc is satisfied in step S37, the output is switched to the large amplitude output LM in step S38. Note that there is a relationship of θc = C × θ0 and a constant C <1.
Here, the detection angle θ has a certain correlation with the thickness of the living tissue in a state where the treatment unit 11 grips the living tissue with a certain amount of force. Therefore, the detection angle θ0 indicates the thickness of the initial living tissue grasped. Further, the detected angle θ measured thereafter indicates the thickness of the living tissue that has been treated by ultrasonic vibration. Therefore, the condition of θ ≦ C × θ0 indicates whether or not the thickness of the living tissue has become a predetermined coagulation state, with the thickness being thinner by a predetermined percentage than when the output is started. In general, small-amplitude output tends to require time but has excellent coagulation ability. On the other hand, large-amplitude output tends to have weak hemostatic force (seal) but excellent incision ability. The constant C constituting the amplitude switching condition can complement the coagulation ability and the incision ability by appropriately selecting the value.

定数Cの値は、実験により、確実に凝固されかつ切開はされない比例定数として決定する。その実験例としては、生体組織を把持して小振幅Lmにより出力を行い、処置部11から1mm離れた点における組織温度が70〜90℃となるとき、可動ジョー17の開閉角の変化率を複数回計測し、それらの統計データにより決定する。前述の70〜90℃は、生体組織のタンパク質が熱により変性し凝固する温度である。   The value of the constant C is experimentally determined as a proportionality constant that does not clot reliably and is not cut. As an example of the experiment, a living tissue is grasped and output with a small amplitude Lm. When the tissue temperature at a point 1 mm away from the treatment section 11 is 70 to 90 ° C., the change rate of the opening / closing angle of the movable jaw 17 is Measured multiple times and determined by their statistical data. The aforementioned 70 to 90 ° C. is a temperature at which the protein in the living tissue is denatured and solidified by heat.

ステップS38において、振幅の切り替え方は、第1の実施の形態と同様に、例えば図8、図9または図10に示すように、振幅を切り替えてもよい。さらに、振幅の切り替わりを音によってユーザーヘ告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じでもよい。   In step S38, the amplitude may be switched as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, or FIG. 10, for example, as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the configuration for notifying the user of the change of amplitude by sound may be the same as in the first embodiment.

なお、後続する図19のステップS39、S40は、図6のステップS8、S9と同様である。
その他、本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態と同様の作用および効果を有しており、説明を省略する。
The subsequent steps S39 and S40 in FIG. 19 are the same as steps S8 and S9 in FIG.
In addition, the present embodiment has the same operations and effects as the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

(第3の実施の形態)
図20から図25は、第3の実施の形態に係り、図20は、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図、図21は、測温体としてサーミスタを用いた場合の温度信号検知部の回路構成図、図22は、測温体として熱電対を用いた場合の温度信号検知部の回路構成図、図23は、凝固程度、温度変化および出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図、図24は、温度変化の検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャート、図25は、図24に示す処理に後続するフローチャートである。
図20に示すように、本実施の形態の超音波手術装置60には、第2の実施の形態のジョー開閉角検知機構50に代えて、ハンドピース2の可動ジョー17に測温体62が設けられている。また、本実施の形態の超音波凝固切開装置61には、第2の実施の形態のエンコーダ検知部55、エンコーダ信号処理部56および振幅切り替え判断部31に代えて、温度信号検知部63、温度信号処理部64および振幅切り替え判断部65が設けられている。
測温体62および温度信号検知部63は、処置部11が一定の力量により把持した生体組織の温度に応じた信号を検知するものであり、温度検知手段を構成している。また、温度信号処理部64は、温度信号検知部63が検知した信号を基に温度の変化量を生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値として算出する、温度変化算出手段を構成している。振幅切り替え判断部65は、温度信号検知部63が求めた温度変化が所定値以上となった場合に、出力振幅の切り替えを指示する、振幅切り替え制御手段を構成している。尚、振幅を増大させる構成および、振幅の切り替わりを音によって術者に告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じである。その他、第1および第2の実施の形態と同様の構成については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
(Third embodiment)
FIGS. 20 to 25 relate to the third embodiment, FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device, and FIG. 21 is a temperature signal detection when a thermistor is used as a temperature measuring body. FIG. 22 is a circuit configuration diagram of a temperature signal detection unit when a thermocouple is used as a temperature measuring body, and FIG. 23 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the degree of coagulation, temperature change, and output amplitude switching. FIG. 24 is a flowchart regarding the amplitude switching process based on the detection of the temperature change, and FIG. 25 is a flowchart subsequent to the process shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 20, in the ultrasonic surgical device 60 of the present embodiment, a temperature measuring body 62 is provided on the movable jaw 17 of the handpiece 2 instead of the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 of the second embodiment. Is provided. In addition, the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 61 according to the present embodiment includes a temperature signal detection unit 63, a temperature instead of the encoder detection unit 55, the encoder signal processing unit 56, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 according to the second embodiment. A signal processing unit 64 and an amplitude switching determination unit 65 are provided.
The temperature measuring element 62 and the temperature signal detection unit 63 detect a signal corresponding to the temperature of the living tissue grasped by the treatment unit 11 with a certain amount of force, and constitute temperature detection means. The temperature signal processing unit 64 constitutes a temperature change calculation unit that calculates the amount of change in temperature as a state value corresponding to the coagulation state of the living tissue based on the signal detected by the temperature signal detection unit 63. The amplitude switching determination unit 65 constitutes an amplitude switching control means for instructing switching of the output amplitude when the temperature change obtained by the temperature signal detection unit 63 becomes a predetermined value or more. Note that the configuration for increasing the amplitude and the configuration for notifying the surgeon of the change of amplitude by sound are the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

図20に示すように、可動ジョー17には、測温体62が設けられている。取り付ける位置は、可動ジョー17の組織接触部を構成する樹脂パッドに配置する。より具体的には、樹脂パッドの組織接触面の反対側つまり裏側に配置する。また、樹脂パッドの内部でもよい。測温体62としては、サーミスタ(温度変化型抵抗体)または熱電対などを用いる。   As shown in FIG. 20, the temperature measuring body 62 is provided in the movable jaw 17. The attachment position is arranged on a resin pad constituting the tissue contact portion of the movable jaw 17. More specifically, it is arranged on the opposite side of the tissue contact surface of the resin pad, that is, on the back side. Moreover, the inside of a resin pad may be sufficient. As the temperature measuring element 62, a thermistor (temperature change type resistor) or a thermocouple is used.

サーミスタを用いる場合は、図21に示す回路構成を有する温度信号検知部63を用いる。その温度信号検知部63では、交流電源67が発生した交流電圧がトランス68を介して、サーミスタ(測温体)62に印加されるようになっている。また、温度信号検知部63は、交流電源67が発生した交流の電流値を、電流電圧変換用のトランス69により検知するようになっている。そして、温度信号検知部63が検知した交流電圧値と電流値は、A/Dコンバータ70、71を介して、温度信号処理部64へ送られる。温度信号処理部64は、交流電圧データVTおよび電流データITから、サーミスタ62のインピーダンスを監視し、生体組織の温度変化を算出する。尚、温度信号処理部64は、スイッチ72を介して交流電源67のON/OFFを制御可能としている。   When a thermistor is used, a temperature signal detector 63 having a circuit configuration shown in FIG. 21 is used. In the temperature signal detection unit 63, the AC voltage generated by the AC power supply 67 is applied to the thermistor (temperature measuring body) 62 via the transformer 68. Further, the temperature signal detection unit 63 detects an AC current value generated by the AC power supply 67 by a transformer 69 for current / voltage conversion. The AC voltage value and current value detected by the temperature signal detection unit 63 are sent to the temperature signal processing unit 64 via the A / D converters 70 and 71. The temperature signal processing unit 64 monitors the impedance of the thermistor 62 from the AC voltage data VT and the current data IT, and calculates the temperature change of the living tissue. The temperature signal processor 64 can control ON / OFF of the AC power supply 67 via the switch 72.

一方、熱電対を用いる場合は、図22に示す回路構成を有する温度信号検知部63を用いる。熱電対(測温体)62の一端は、信号線に接続され、その信号線がハンドピース2内を通って超音波凝固切開装置61内においてGNDへ接続されている。また、熱電対(測温体)62の他端は、前記同様に信号線を介して、図22に示す温度信号検知部63のA/Dコンバータ73へ接続されている。温度信号検知部63では、熱電対62の電圧をA/Dコンバータ73を介して温度信号処理部64へ送る。温度信号処理部64は、その電圧データを用いて熱電対62の起電力を監視し、生体組織の温度を算出する。
振幅切り替え判断部65は、生体組織の温度変化を監視し、所定条件により出力振幅の切り替えを指示する。
On the other hand, when a thermocouple is used, a temperature signal detection unit 63 having a circuit configuration shown in FIG. 22 is used. One end of the thermocouple (temperature measuring body) 62 is connected to a signal line, and the signal line passes through the handpiece 2 and is connected to GND in the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 61. Further, the other end of the thermocouple (temperature measuring body) 62 is connected to the A / D converter 73 of the temperature signal detection unit 63 shown in FIG. In the temperature signal detection unit 63, the voltage of the thermocouple 62 is sent to the temperature signal processing unit 64 via the A / D converter 73. The temperature signal processing unit 64 monitors the electromotive force of the thermocouple 62 using the voltage data, and calculates the temperature of the living tissue.
The amplitude switching determination unit 65 monitors the temperature change of the living tissue and instructs switching of the output amplitude according to a predetermined condition.

次に、超音波出力の開始から、温度変化率による振幅切り替え動作について、図23から図25を参照して説明する。
まず、ハンドピース2の可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこんだときにのみ、出力スイッチ3のON信号が有効となる。そして、図24のフローチャートにおいて、ステップS1からS3までは第1の実施の形態における図6と同様であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
Next, the amplitude switching operation based on the temperature change rate from the start of ultrasonic output will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the ON signal of the output switch 3 is valid only when the movable handle 23 of the handpiece 2 is fully gripped. In the flowchart of FIG. 24, steps S1 to S3 are the same as those in FIG. 6 in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

次に、図24のステップS42おいて、出力開始後、振幅切り替え判断部65が温度Tおよびその変化率を監視する。
ステップS43において、T>TsならばステップS44へ進み、警告音を発音し、出力のみでなく使用を禁止する。警告温度Tsは、例えば150℃とし、処置部11が高温状態にあり、出力を禁止する。
Next, in step S42 of FIG. 24, after the output is started, the amplitude switching determination unit 65 monitors the temperature T and the rate of change thereof.
If T> Ts in step S43, the process proceeds to step S44, where a warning sound is generated, and not only the output but also the use is prohibited. The warning temperature Ts is, for example, 150 ° C., the treatment unit 11 is in a high temperature state, and output is prohibited.

尚、出力スイッチ3を押しているときにのみ、温度検知を行うことにより、出力以外の使用時の妨げにならないようにしてもよい。その場合、可動ハンドル23を握りこんだ状態において出力スイッチ3が押されると、そのとき検知される温度Tを定数Tsと比較し、T>Tsならば出力を禁止し、エラーメッセージを表示部9に表示する。
また、出力スイッチ3を押していないときも温度検知Tを定期的、例えば5秒毎に行うようにして、T>Tsの条件により警告処理をするようにしてもよい。
ステップS43において、比較結果がT<Tsであれば、ステップS45に進む。そして、図23下部の図に示すように、小振幅Lmによる出力が開始される。出力開始後から、一定時間(例えば1秒)毎に温度検知が行われている。出力開始後から、振幅切り替え判断部65は、温度信号処理部64が最初に検知した温度T0を図示しない一時メモリヘ保存し、例えばその1秒後に温度T1を検知する(図24のステップS46〜S48)。
It should be noted that temperature detection may be performed only when the output switch 3 is pressed so as not to interfere with use other than output. In that case, when the output switch 3 is pressed while the movable handle 23 is grasped, the temperature T detected at that time is compared with a constant Ts. If T> Ts, the output is prohibited and an error message is displayed on the display unit 9. To display.
Further, even when the output switch 3 is not pressed, the temperature detection T may be performed periodically, for example, every 5 seconds, and warning processing may be performed according to the condition of T> Ts.
If the comparison result is T <Ts in step S43, the process proceeds to step S45. Then, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 23, output with a small amplitude Lm is started. Temperature detection is performed every certain time (for example, 1 second) after the start of output. After the output is started, the amplitude switching determination unit 65 stores the temperature T0 first detected by the temperature signal processing unit 64 in a temporary memory (not shown), and detects the temperature T1 after 1 second, for example (steps S46 to S48 in FIG. 24). ).

続いて図25のステップS49において、振幅切り替え判断部65は、△T0=T0−T1(初期温度変化:△T0)を求め、ステップS50において、△T0を一時メモリヘ保存する。その後同様に、所定間隔の温度検知ごとに△Ti=Ti−T(i+1)を計算し(i=2)、△T0と△Tiを比較する(ステップS51〜S55)。ここで、処置部11により把持された生体組織は、超音波振動による処置によって凝固程度が高くなると、水分が抜けるため、図23上部の図に示すように、温度変化率が大きくなる。つまり、把持された生体組織の温度は、凝固程度と相関する値である。よって、△Ti>CT×△T0(定数:CT>1)の条件を満たした場合、すなわち温度の変化量が所定値以上となった場合、ステップS56において、振幅切り替え判断部65の指示により、図23下部の図に示すように、大振幅LMへ切り替わる。なお、△Ti>CT×△T0(定数:CT>1)の条件を満たさない場合、iをインクリメントして、ステップS51以降を繰り返す。後続する図25のステップS57、S58は、図6のステップS8、S9と同様である。
尚、定数CTの値は、実験により、図23に示す温度変化が検出できる比例定数とする。
ステップS56において、振幅の切り替え方は、第1の実施の形態と同様に、例えば図8、図9または図10に示すように、振幅を切り替えてもよい。さらに、振幅の切り替わりを音によってユーザーヘ告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じでもよい。
Subsequently, in step S49 of FIG. 25, the amplitude switching determination unit 65 obtains ΔT0 = T0−T1 (initial temperature change: ΔT0), and stores ΔT0 in the temporary memory in step S50. Thereafter, similarly, ΔTi = Ti−T (i + 1) is calculated for each temperature detection at a predetermined interval (i = 2), and ΔT0 and ΔTi are compared (steps S51 to S55). Here, the biological tissue grasped by the treatment unit 11 loses moisture when the degree of coagulation is increased by the treatment by ultrasonic vibration, so that the rate of temperature change increases as shown in the upper part of FIG. That is, the temperature of the grasped biological tissue is a value that correlates with the degree of coagulation. Therefore, when the condition of ΔTi> CT × ΔT0 (constant: CT> 1) is satisfied, that is, when the amount of change in temperature is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, in step S56, according to an instruction from the amplitude switching determination unit 65, As shown in the lower part of FIG. 23, the amplitude is switched to the large amplitude LM. If the condition of ΔTi> CT × ΔT0 (constant: CT> 1) is not satisfied, i is incremented and step S51 and subsequent steps are repeated. Subsequent steps S57 and S58 in FIG. 25 are the same as steps S8 and S9 in FIG.
Note that the value of the constant CT is a proportional constant capable of detecting the temperature change shown in FIG.
In step S56, the amplitude may be switched as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, or FIG. 10, for example, as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the configuration for notifying the user of the change of amplitude by sound may be the same as in the first embodiment.

その他、本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態と同様の作用および効果を有しており、説明を省略する。   In addition, the present embodiment has the same operations and effects as the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

(第4の実施の形態)
図26から図29は、第4の実施の形態に係り、図26は、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図、図27は、一部拡大図を含むインピーダンス検知部の回路構成図、図28は、インピーダンス検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャート、図29は、インピーダンスおよび出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図である。
図26に示すように、本実施の形態の超音波手術装置75は、第2の実施の形態のジョー開閉角検知機構50に代えて、ハンドピース2の可動ジョー17に交流印加部77が設けられている。また、本実施の形態の超音波凝固切開装置76は、第2の実施の形態のエンコーダ検知部55、エンコーダ信号処理部56および振幅切り替え判断部31に代えて、インピーダンス検知部78、インピーダンス検知処理部79および振幅切り替え判断部80が設けられている。
(Fourth embodiment)
26 to 29 relate to the fourth embodiment, FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting apparatus, and FIG. 27 is a circuit configuration diagram of the impedance detection unit including a partially enlarged view. FIG. 28 is a flowchart regarding amplitude switching processing by impedance detection, and FIG. 29 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between impedance and output amplitude switching.
As shown in FIG. 26, in the ultrasonic surgical device 75 of the present embodiment, an AC applying unit 77 is provided on the movable jaw 17 of the handpiece 2 in place of the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 of the second embodiment. It has been. Further, the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 76 of the present embodiment replaces the encoder detection unit 55, the encoder signal processing unit 56, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 of the second embodiment with an impedance detection unit 78, an impedance detection process. A unit 79 and an amplitude switching determination unit 80 are provided.

交流印加部77およびインピーダンス検知部78は、処置部11が把持した生体組織に交流を印加すると共に信号を検知するものであり、交流を印加する手段を構成している。また、インピーダンス検知処理部79は、インピーダンス検知部78が検知した信号を基に生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値としてのインピーダンスを算出するものであり、インピーダンスを算出する手段を構成している。尚、インピーダンス検知手段は、交流を印加する手段と、インピーダンスを算出する手段とから構成されている。   The alternating current application unit 77 and the impedance detection unit 78 apply alternating current to the living tissue grasped by the treatment unit 11 and detect signals, and constitute means for applying alternating current. The impedance detection processing unit 79 calculates an impedance as a state value corresponding to the coagulation state of the living tissue based on the signal detected by the impedance detection unit 78, and constitutes a means for calculating the impedance. . The impedance detection means includes means for applying alternating current and means for calculating impedance.

振幅切り替え判断部80は、インピーダンス検知処理部79が算出したインピーダンスが所定値以上となった場合に出力振幅の切り替えを指示する、振幅切り替え制御手段を構成している。尚、振幅を増大させる構成および、振幅の切り替わりを音によって術者に告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じである。その他、第1および第2の実施の形態と同様の構成については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。   The amplitude switching determination unit 80 constitutes an amplitude switching control unit that instructs switching of the output amplitude when the impedance calculated by the impedance detection processing unit 79 becomes a predetermined value or more. Note that the configuration for increasing the amplitude and the configuration for notifying the surgeon of the change of amplitude by sound are the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

図27に示すように、ハンドピース2のプローブ12の先端部つまり、固定ジョー16と可動ジョー17の間のインピーダンスを検知するインピーダンス検知部78が設けられている。具体的には、電力供給線81a、81bが、超音波凝固切開装置76からハンドピース2へ延出している。電力供給線81aは、シャフト19を通り可動ジョー17へ導通しており、電力供給線81bはプローブ12の先端部へ導通している。電力供給線81a、81bの間には、インピーダンス検知部78の前記交流電源67から交流電圧が印加される。   As shown in FIG. 27, the tip of the probe 12 of the handpiece 2, that is, an impedance detection unit 78 that detects the impedance between the fixed jaw 16 and the movable jaw 17 is provided. Specifically, the power supply lines 81 a and 81 b extend from the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 76 to the handpiece 2. The power supply line 81 a is conducted to the movable jaw 17 through the shaft 19, and the power supply line 81 b is conducted to the distal end portion of the probe 12. An AC voltage is applied from the AC power supply 67 of the impedance detector 78 between the power supply lines 81a and 81b.

ここで、可動ジョー17の組織接触部に用いる樹脂パッドは、導電性樹脂によって構成する。また、プローブ12の先端部も、導電性の部材により構成する。それらにより、図27の一点鎖線により囲んだ拡大図に示すように、把持した生体組織82へ交流電圧を印加することが可能となる。交流電源67は定電圧出力(V)とし、インピーダンス検知部78により、その際に流れる電流Iを検出する。インピーダンス検知処理部79において、Z=V/Iの演算を行うことにより、生体組織のインピーダンスZが得られる。尚、電圧値は既知つまり定電圧であり、電流値を検出すればインピーダンスが算出可能である。
電流Iの検出のため、交流電源67により交流電圧を印加する回路に、電流電圧変換用のトランス69を設ける。トランス69の信号は、A/Dコンバータ71によりデジタル変換される。そのデータ値が、インピーダンス検知処理部79により読み取られ、電流値が検出される。
尚、印加する交流電圧は、生体組織が電撃を生じない周波数、例えば20MHz以上および、熱傷を起こさない電圧、例えば2V以下とする。
Here, the resin pad used for the tissue contact portion of the movable jaw 17 is made of a conductive resin. The tip of the probe 12 is also made of a conductive member. As a result, an alternating voltage can be applied to the grasped living tissue 82 as shown in the enlarged view surrounded by the one-dot chain line in FIG. The AC power supply 67 has a constant voltage output (V), and the impedance detection unit 78 detects the current I flowing at that time. The impedance detection processing unit 79 calculates Z = V / I to obtain the impedance Z of the living tissue. The voltage value is known, that is, a constant voltage, and the impedance can be calculated by detecting the current value.
In order to detect the current I, a transformer 69 for current / voltage conversion is provided in a circuit to which an AC voltage is applied by an AC power supply 67. The signal of the transformer 69 is digitally converted by the A / D converter 71. The data value is read by the impedance detection processing unit 79, and the current value is detected.
The AC voltage to be applied is set to a frequency at which the living tissue does not cause an electric shock, for example, 20 MHz or more, and a voltage that does not cause a burn, for example, 2 V or less.

次に、超音波出力の開始から、インピーダンスの変化による振幅切り替え動作について、図28および図29を参照して説明する。
まず、ハンドピース2の可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこんだときにのみ、出力スイッチ3のON信号が有効となる。そして、図28のフローチャートにおいて、ステップS1からS3までは第1の実施の形態と同様であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
Next, the amplitude switching operation by the change in impedance from the start of ultrasonic output will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the ON signal of the output switch 3 is valid only when the movable handle 23 of the handpiece 2 is fully gripped. In the flowchart of FIG. 28, steps S1 to S3 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

次に、図28のステップS62おいて、出力開始後、振幅切り替え判断部80が、インピーダンスZの値を監視する。そして、インピーダンスZが一定以上増加したら、出力振幅を増大させることとなる。
可動ハンドル23を握りこんだ状態にて出力スイッチ3が押されると、ステップS62において、最初に検知されるインピーダンスZをZ0として、ステップS63において、振幅切り替え判断部80の図示しない一時メモリヘZ0を保存する。また、出力開始と同時に、図29の下部の図に示すように、ステップS64において、小振幅出力Lmが開始される。
Next, in step S62 in FIG. 28, after the output is started, the amplitude switching determination unit 80 monitors the value of the impedance Z. When the impedance Z increases by a certain level or more, the output amplitude is increased.
When the output switch 3 is pressed while the movable handle 23 is grasped, the impedance Z detected first in step S62 is set as Z0, and in step S63, the amplitude switching determination unit 80 stores a temporary memory Z0 (not shown). To do. Simultaneously with the start of output, as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 29, the small amplitude output Lm is started in step S64.

ステップS65において、出力中、振幅切り替え判断部80ではインピーダンスZを監視しつづける。ステップS66において、インピーダンスZがZ≧Zcとの条件を満たしたならば、すなわちインピーダンスZが所定値以上となった場合、図29の下部の図に示すように、ステップS67において、大振幅の出力LMへ切り替える。つまり測定値Zが、初期値Z0の所定定数(Cz)倍以上になったときである。尚、Zc=Cz×Z0、定数Cz>1の関係がある。   In step S65, during output, the amplitude switching determination unit 80 continues to monitor the impedance Z. If the impedance Z satisfies the condition that Z ≧ Zc in step S66, that is, if the impedance Z is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, a large amplitude output is output in step S67 as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. Switch to LM. That is, when the measured value Z is equal to or greater than a predetermined constant (Cz) times the initial value Z0. Incidentally, there is a relationship of Zc = Cz × Z0 and a constant Cz> 1.

ここで、図29の上部の図に示すように、小振幅Lmによる処置により凝固程度が高くなると、凝固程度と相関する値としてのインピーダンスZの変化が急に大きくなる。そして、振幅切り替え条件であるZ≧Zcを適宜選択することにより、凝固程度が低い間は小振幅Lmにより出力し、所望の凝固状態になった状態において、大振幅LMにより出力を行う。   Here, as shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 29, when the degree of coagulation is increased by the treatment with the small amplitude Lm, the change in the impedance Z as a value correlated with the degree of coagulation suddenly increases. Then, by appropriately selecting the amplitude switching condition Z ≧ Zc, while the degree of coagulation is low, output is performed with a small amplitude Lm, and when the desired coagulated state is achieved, output is performed with a large amplitude LM.

尚、定数Czの値は、実験により、確実に凝固されかつ切開はされない比例定数として決める。その実験例としては、生体組織を把持して小振幅Lmで出力を行い、処置部11からから1mm離れた点における組織温度が、70〜90℃となるときのインピーダンスの変化を複数回計測し、それらの統計データにより決定する。前述の70〜90℃は、生体組織のタンパク質が熱により変性し凝固する温度である。
後続する図28のステップS68、S69は、図6のステップS8、S9と同様である。
ステップS67において、振幅の切り替え方は、第1の実施の形態と同様に、例えば図8、図9または図10に示すように、振幅を切り替えてもよい。さらに、振幅の切り替わりを音によってユーザーヘ告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じでもよい。
Note that the value of the constant Cz is determined by experiment as a proportional constant that is surely solidified and not incised. As an experimental example, a living tissue is grasped and output with a small amplitude Lm, and a change in impedance is measured a plurality of times when the tissue temperature at a point 1 mm away from the treatment section 11 is 70 to 90 ° C. , Determined by their statistical data. The aforementioned 70 to 90 ° C. is a temperature at which the protein in the living tissue is denatured and solidified by heat.
Subsequent steps S68 and S69 in FIG. 28 are the same as steps S8 and S9 in FIG.
In step S67, the amplitude may be switched as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, or FIG. 10, for example, as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the configuration for notifying the user of the change of amplitude by sound may be the same as in the first embodiment.

その他、本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態と同様の作用および効果を有しており、説明を省略する。   In addition, the present embodiment has the same operations and effects as the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

(第5の実施の形態)
図30から図34は、第5の実施の形態に係り、図30は、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図、図31は、測湿体が接続された湿度信号検知部の回路構成図、図32は、図32は、側湿体が配置される樹脂パッドの構成図、図33は、湿度検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャート、図34は、湿度変化および出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図である。
図30に示すように、本実施の形態の超音波手術装置85には、第2の実施の形態のジョー開閉角検知機構50に代えて、ハンドピース2の可動ジョー17に測湿体87が設けられている。また、本実施の形態の超音波凝固切開装置86には、第2の実施の形態のエンコーダ検知部55、エンコーダ信号処理部56および振幅切り替え判断部31に代えて、湿度信号検知部88、湿度信号処理部89および振幅切り替え判断部90が設けられている。
(Fifth embodiment)
30 to 34 relate to the fifth embodiment, FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device, and FIG. 31 is a circuit of a humidity signal detection unit to which a humidity measuring body is connected. FIG. 32 is a configuration diagram of a resin pad on which a side wet body is arranged, FIG. 33 is a flowchart regarding amplitude switching processing by humidity detection, and FIG. 34 shows the relationship between humidity change and output amplitude switching. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 30, in the ultrasonic surgical device 85 of the present embodiment, a humidity measuring body 87 is provided on the movable jaw 17 of the handpiece 2 instead of the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 of the second embodiment. Is provided. Further, in the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 86 of this embodiment, instead of the encoder detection unit 55, the encoder signal processing unit 56, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 of the second embodiment, a humidity signal detection unit 88, a humidity A signal processing unit 89 and an amplitude switching determination unit 90 are provided.

測湿体87および湿度信号検知部88は、処置部11が把持した生体組織の湿度に応じた信号を検知するものである。また、湿度信号処理部89は、湿度信号検知部88が検知した信号を基に、生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値として湿度を算出するものである。測湿体87、湿度信号検知部88および湿度信号処理部89は、湿度を検知する手段を構成している。   The humidity measuring body 87 and the humidity signal detecting unit 88 are for detecting a signal corresponding to the humidity of the living tissue grasped by the treatment unit 11. The humidity signal processing unit 89 calculates humidity as a state value corresponding to the coagulation state of the living tissue based on the signal detected by the humidity signal detection unit 88. The humidity measuring body 87, the humidity signal detection unit 88, and the humidity signal processing unit 89 constitute a means for detecting humidity.

振幅切り替え判断部90は、湿度信号処理部89が求めた湿度が所定値以下となった場合に、出力振幅の切り替えを指示する、振幅切り替え制御手段を構成している。尚、振幅を増大させる構成および、振幅の切り替わりを音によって術者に告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じである。その他、第1および第2の実施の形態と同様の構成については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。   The amplitude switching determination unit 90 constitutes an amplitude switching control unit that instructs switching of the output amplitude when the humidity obtained by the humidity signal processing unit 89 is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Note that the configuration for increasing the amplitude and the configuration for notifying the surgeon of the change of amplitude by sound are the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

図31に示すように、可動ジョー17には、状態検知部44としての測湿体87が設けられている。取り付ける位置は、可動ジョー17の組織接触部を構成する樹脂パッドに配置する。より具体的には、樹脂パッドの組織接触面の反対側つまり裏側に配置する。通常の樹脂パッドの裏側では、把持した生体組織の湿度は検知できない。そのため、図32に示すように、樹脂パッド91には、湿分が通過するように少なくとも1つ以上の穴92を形成する。   As shown in FIG. 31, the movable jaw 17 is provided with a humidity measuring body 87 as the state detection unit 44. The attachment position is arranged on a resin pad constituting the tissue contact portion of the movable jaw 17. More specifically, it is arranged on the opposite side of the tissue contact surface of the resin pad, that is, on the back side. On the back side of a normal resin pad, the humidity of the grasped living tissue cannot be detected. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 32, at least one or more holes 92 are formed in the resin pad 91 so that moisture passes therethrough.

図31に示すように、湿度信号検知部88は、図21の温度信号検知部63と同様の構成であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
湿度信号検知部88は、測湿体87へ交流電圧を印加し、その際の電圧と電流によりインピーダンスを検知する。検知したインピーダンスにより、湿度信号処理部89は、湿度換算を行い生体組織の湿度Hを求める。
As shown in FIG. 31, the humidity signal detection unit 88 has the same configuration as the temperature signal detection unit 63 in FIG.
The humidity signal detection unit 88 applies an AC voltage to the humidity measuring body 87 and detects impedance based on the voltage and current at that time. Based on the detected impedance, the humidity signal processing unit 89 performs humidity conversion to obtain the humidity H of the living tissue.

次に、高周波出力の開始後、湿度の変化による振幅切り替え動作について、図33から図34を参照して説明する。
まず、ハンドピース2の可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこんだときにのみ、出力スイッチ3のON信号が有効となる。そして、図33のフローチャートにおいて、ステップS1からS3までは第1の実施の形態と同様であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
可動ハンドル23を握りこんだ状態において出力スイッチ3が押されると、図33のステップS72において、図34の下部の図に示すように、小振幅Lmによる出力が開始される。ステップS73において、出力開始後、振幅切り替え判断部90が、湿度Hの変化を監視し、後述するようにHcを下回れば、出力振幅を増大させることとなる。振幅切り替え判断部90は、図示しない一時メモリヘ、出力開始後に最初に得た湿度値H0を保存する。
Next, an amplitude switching operation due to a change in humidity after the start of high-frequency output will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the ON signal of the output switch 3 is valid only when the movable handle 23 of the handpiece 2 is fully gripped. In the flowchart of FIG. 33, steps S1 to S3 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
When the output switch 3 is pressed while the movable handle 23 is grasped, in step S72 in FIG. 33, output with a small amplitude Lm is started as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. In step S73, after the output is started, the amplitude switching determination unit 90 monitors the change in the humidity H, and if it falls below Hc as will be described later, the output amplitude is increased. The amplitude switching determination unit 90 stores the humidity value H0 obtained first after the start of output in a temporary memory (not shown).

ステップS73において、小振幅Lmによる出力開始後から、一定時間、例えば1秒毎に湿度Hを検知する。そして、ステップS74において、検知した湿度HがH≦Hcの条件を満たした場合、すなわち湿度が所定値以下となった場合、ステップS75へ進み、振幅切り替え判断部90の指示により、図34下部の図に示すように、大振幅の出力LMへと切り替わる。ここで、生体組織の湿度言い換えると水分を検知することにより、組織の乾燥状態を知ることができる。つまり、図34上部の図に示すように、組織の凝固程度が高くなると、その凝固程度に相関のある値としての湿度が低下し、その変化も急である。尚、Hc=CH×H0、定数CH<1の関係がある。または、Hcは、予め設定した定数としてもよい。   In step S73, the humidity H is detected for a certain period of time, for example, every second after the start of output with the small amplitude Lm. In step S74, if the detected humidity H satisfies the condition of H ≦ Hc, that is, if the humidity is equal to or lower than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S75, and an instruction from the amplitude switching determination unit 90 indicates the lower part of FIG. As shown in the figure, the output is switched to the output LM having a large amplitude. Here, by detecting the humidity of the living tissue, in other words, moisture, the dry state of the tissue can be known. That is, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 34, when the degree of tissue coagulation increases, the humidity as a value correlated with the degree of coagulation decreases, and the change is abrupt. Note that there is a relationship of Hc = CH × H0 and a constant CH <1. Alternatively, Hc may be a preset constant.

定数CH、または定数としてのHcの値は、実験により、確実に凝固されかつ切開はされない定数として決める。その実験例としては、組織を把持して小振幅Lmにより出力を行い、処置部11から1mm離れた点において組織の湿度が、70〜90℃となるときの湿度の変化を複数回計測し、それらの統計データにより決定する。前述の70〜90℃は、生体組織のタンパク質が熱により変性し凝固する温度である。
後続する図33のステップS76、S77は、図6のステップS8、S9と同様である。
ステップS75において、振幅の切り替え方は、第1の実施の形態と同様に、例えば図8、図9または図10に示すように、振幅を切り替えてもよい。さらに、振幅の切り替わりを音によってユーザーヘ告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じでもよい。
The constant CH or the value of Hc as a constant is experimentally determined as a constant that is surely solidified and not incised. As an example of the experiment, the tissue is grasped and output with a small amplitude Lm, and the humidity change when the tissue humidity is 70 to 90 ° C. at a point 1 mm away from the treatment unit 11 is measured a plurality of times. Determined by their statistical data. The aforementioned 70 to 90 ° C. is a temperature at which the protein in the living tissue is denatured and solidified by heat.
Subsequent steps S76 and S77 in FIG. 33 are the same as steps S8 and S9 in FIG.
In step S75, the amplitude may be switched as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, or FIG. 10, for example, as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the configuration for notifying the user of the change of amplitude by sound may be the same as in the first embodiment.

その他、本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態と同様の作用および効果を有しており、説明を省略する。   In addition, the present embodiment has the same operations and effects as the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

(第6の実施の形態)
図35から図38は、第6の実施の形態に係り、図35は、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図、図36は、圧電素子が接続された弾性信号検知の回路構成図、図37は、弾性係数の検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャート、図38は、弾性係数の変化および出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図である。
図35に示すように、本実施の形態の超音波手術装置95には、第2の実施の形態のジョー開閉角検知機構50に代えて、ハンドピース2の可動ジョー17に、組織弾性検知部97が設けられている。また、本実施の形態の超音波凝固切開装置96には、第2の実施の形態のエンコーダ検知部55、エンコーダ信号処理部56および振幅切り替え判断部31に代えて、弾性信号検知部98、弾性係数処理部99および振幅切り替え判断部100が設けられている。
(Sixth embodiment)
35 to 38 relate to the sixth embodiment, FIG. 35 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of an ultrasonic coagulation / cutting apparatus, and FIG. 36 is a circuit configuration diagram of elastic signal detection to which a piezoelectric element is connected. FIG. 37 is a flowchart regarding amplitude switching processing based on detection of an elastic coefficient, and FIG. 38 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between change in elastic coefficient and output amplitude switching.
As shown in FIG. 35, in the ultrasonic surgical apparatus 95 of the present embodiment, a tissue elasticity detector is provided on the movable jaw 17 of the handpiece 2 instead of the jaw opening / closing angle detection mechanism 50 of the second embodiment. 97 is provided. Further, in the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 96 of this embodiment, instead of the encoder detection unit 55, the encoder signal processing unit 56, and the amplitude switching determination unit 31 of the second embodiment, an elastic signal detection unit 98, an elasticity A coefficient processing unit 99 and an amplitude switching determination unit 100 are provided.

組織弾性検知部97および弾性信号検知部98は、処置部11が一定の力量により把持した生体組織の弾性係数に応じた信号を検知するものである。また、弾性係数処理部99は、弾性信号検知部98が検知した信号を基に、生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値として弾性係数を算出するものである。組織弾性検知部97、弾性信号検知部98および弾性係数処理部99は、弾性係数を検知する手段を構成している。
振幅切り替え判断部100は、弾性係数処理部99が求めた弾性係数が所定値以上となった場合に、出力振幅の切り替えを指示する、振幅切り替え制御手段を構成している。尚、振幅を増大させる構成および、振幅の切り替わりを音によって術者に告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じである。その他、第1および第2の実施の形態と同様の構成については、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
The tissue elasticity detection unit 97 and the elasticity signal detection unit 98 are for detecting a signal corresponding to the elastic coefficient of the living tissue grasped by the treatment unit 11 with a certain amount of force. The elastic coefficient processing unit 99 calculates the elastic coefficient as a state value corresponding to the coagulation state of the living tissue based on the signal detected by the elastic signal detection unit 98. The tissue elasticity detection unit 97, the elasticity signal detection unit 98, and the elasticity coefficient processing unit 99 constitute a means for detecting an elasticity coefficient.
The amplitude switching determination unit 100 constitutes an amplitude switching control unit that instructs switching of the output amplitude when the elastic coefficient obtained by the elastic coefficient processing unit 99 becomes a predetermined value or more. Note that the configuration for increasing the amplitude and the configuration for notifying the surgeon of the change of amplitude by sound are the same as in the first embodiment. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st and 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

図36に示すように、ハンドピース2には組織弾性検知部である圧電素子97が設けられている。取り付ける位置は、可動ジョー17の組織接触部を構成する樹脂パッドに配置する。より具体的には、樹脂パッドの組織接触面の反対側つまり裏側に圧電素子97を配置する。つまり、圧電素子97は、樹脂パッドを介して、把持された組織の弾性係数を検知する。   As shown in FIG. 36, the handpiece 2 is provided with a piezoelectric element 97 that is a tissue elasticity detection unit. The attachment position is arranged on a resin pad constituting the tissue contact portion of the movable jaw 17. More specifically, the piezoelectric element 97 is disposed on the opposite side of the tissue contact surface of the resin pad, that is, on the back side. That is, the piezoelectric element 97 detects the elastic modulus of the grasped tissue via the resin pad.

超音波凝固切開装置96の弾性信号検知部98から、圧電素子97へ電力供給線81a、81bが延出されており、ハンドピース2の圧電素子97に接続されている。尚、図36に示すように、弾性信号検知部98は、図21の温度信号検知部63と同様の構成であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。弾性信号検知部98は、電力供給線81a、81bを介して、圧電素子97へ超音波周波数の電圧(定電圧)を印加し、そのときの電流値Iを、トランス69により電流電圧変換して検知する。また、印加する電圧値Vも検出する。電流値Iおよび電圧値VをA/Dコンバータ70、71を介して、弾性係数処理部99に送る。
弾性係数処理部99では、印加電圧Vに対する電流Iの位相のずれ、すなわち位相差と、振幅の変化すなわち振幅の差により、把持された生体組織の弾性係数Eを算出する。
Power supply lines 81 a and 81 b are extended from the elastic signal detection unit 98 of the ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device 96 to the piezoelectric element 97 and connected to the piezoelectric element 97 of the handpiece 2. As shown in FIG. 36, the elastic signal detection unit 98 has the same configuration as that of the temperature signal detection unit 63 in FIG. The elastic signal detector 98 applies an ultrasonic frequency voltage (constant voltage) to the piezoelectric element 97 via the power supply lines 81a and 81b, and the current value I at that time is converted into a current voltage by the transformer 69. Detect. The voltage value V to be applied is also detected. The current value I and the voltage value V are sent to the elastic modulus processing unit 99 via the A / D converters 70 and 71.
The elastic coefficient processing unit 99 calculates the elastic coefficient E of the grasped living tissue based on the phase shift of the current I with respect to the applied voltage V, that is, the phase difference and the change in amplitude, that is, the difference in amplitude.

次に、超音波出力の開始から、弾性係数の変化による振幅切り替え動作について、図37および図38を参照して説明する。
まず、第1の実施の形態と同様に、ハンドピース2の可動ハンドル23を最後まで握りこんだときにのみ、出力スイッチ3のON信号が有効となる。その際、処置部11は、一定力量により生体組織を把持している。そして、図37のフローチャートにおいて、図6のステップS1からS3までは第1の実施の形態と同様であり、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
振幅切り替え判断部100は、出力開始後、弾性係数Eの変化を監視し、一定以上増大したら、振幅を増大させることとなる。
Next, the amplitude switching operation by the change of the elastic coefficient from the start of the ultrasonic output will be described with reference to FIG. 37 and FIG.
First, as in the first embodiment, the ON signal of the output switch 3 is valid only when the movable handle 23 of the handpiece 2 is fully gripped. At that time, the treatment section 11 holds the living tissue with a certain amount of force. In the flowchart of FIG. 37, steps S1 to S3 in FIG. 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
The amplitude switching determination unit 100 monitors the change in the elastic modulus E after the start of output, and increases the amplitude when it increases more than a certain level.

可動ハンドル23を握りこんだ状態にて出力スイッチ3が押されると、ステップS82において、最初に検知される弾性係数Eを初期弾性係数値E0として、ステップS83において、E0が図示しない一時メモリヘ保存する。また、スイッチONと同時に、ステップS84において、図38下部の図に示すように、小振幅出力Lmが開始される。また、ステップS85において、所定時間、例えば1秒毎に弾性係数Eが検知されている。   When the output switch 3 is pressed while the movable handle 23 is held, in step S82, the first detected elastic coefficient E is set as an initial elastic coefficient value E0, and in step S83, E0 is stored in a temporary memory (not shown). . Simultaneously with the switch ON, in step S84, as shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 38, the small amplitude output Lm is started. In step S85, the elastic modulus E is detected every predetermined time, for example, every second.

ステップS86において、出力中に検知される弾性係数Eが、E≧Ecの条件を満たした場合、すなわち弾性係数Eが所定値以下となった場合、ステップS87へ進む。そして、大振幅出力LMへと切り替わる。図38上部の図に示すように、凝固程度が高くなると、凝固程度と相関する値としての弾性係数Eも変化する。尚、Ec=CE×E0、定数C>1の関係がある。   In step S86, when the elastic coefficient E detected during output satisfies the condition of E ≧ Ec, that is, when the elastic coefficient E becomes a predetermined value or less, the process proceeds to step S87. And it switches to the large amplitude output LM. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 38, when the degree of solidification increases, the elastic coefficient E as a value correlated with the degree of solidification also changes. Note that there is a relationship of Ec = CE × E0 and a constant C> 1.

定数CEの値は、実験により、確実に凝固されかつ切開はされない比例定数として決める。その実験例としては、生体組織を把持して小振幅Lmにより出力を行い、処置部11から1mm離れた点において組織温度が、70〜90℃となるときの弾性係数の変化率を複数計測し、それらの統計データにより決定する。前述の70〜90℃は、生体組織のタンパク質が熱により変性し凝固する温度である。
後続する図37のステップS88、S89は、図6のステップS8、S9と同様である。
ステップS87において、振幅の切り替え方は、第1の実施の形態と同様に、例えば図8、図9または図10に示すように、振幅を切り替えてもよい。さらに、振幅の切り替わりを音によってユーザーヘ告知する構成は、第1の実施の形態と同じでもよい。
The value of the constant CE is experimentally determined as a proportionality constant that does not clot reliably and is not incised. As an example of the experiment, a living tissue is grasped and output with a small amplitude Lm, and a plurality of change rates of elastic modulus when the tissue temperature is 70 to 90 ° C. at a point 1 mm away from the treatment unit 11 are measured. , Determined by their statistical data. The aforementioned 70 to 90 ° C. is a temperature at which the protein in the living tissue is denatured and solidified by heat.
Subsequent steps S88 and S89 in FIG. 37 are the same as steps S8 and S9 in FIG.
In step S87, the amplitude may be switched as shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 9, or FIG. 10, for example, as in the first embodiment. Furthermore, the configuration for notifying the user of the change of amplitude by sound may be the same as in the first embodiment.

その他、本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態と同様の作用および効果を有しており、説明を省略する。   In addition, the present embodiment has the same operations and effects as the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

なお、本発明は、以上述べた実施形態のみに限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形実施可能である。   It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

第1の実施の形態に係り、超音波手術装置の全体構成図Overall configuration diagram of an ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to the first embodiment ハンドピースの概略構成を示す構成図Configuration diagram showing schematic configuration of handpiece 超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図Block diagram showing circuit configuration of ultrasonic coagulation / cutting device ハンドル検知スイッチを示すハンドピース基端部側の構成図Configuration diagram of the handpiece base end showing the handle detection switch スイッチ検知部の構成を示す回路図Circuit diagram showing the configuration of the switch detector 処置時間による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートFlow chart regarding amplitude switching processing by treatment time 振幅切り替えを説明するための波形図Waveform diagram for explaining amplitude switching 連続的な振幅切り替えを示す波形図Waveform diagram showing continuous amplitude switching 段階的な振幅切り替えを示す波形図Waveform diagram showing stepwise amplitude switching 曲線的な振幅切り替えを示す波形図Waveform diagram showing curvilinear amplitude switching 音により振幅切り替えを報知することを示す波形図Waveform diagram showing notifying amplitude switching by sound 第2の実施の形態に係り、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of an ultrasonic coagulation incision apparatus concerning 2nd Embodiment. ジョー開閉角検知機構の概略構成を示すハンドピース基端部側の構成図Configuration diagram of handpiece base end side showing schematic configuration of jaw open / close angle detection mechanism エンコーダおよびエンコーダ信号検知部の回路図Circuit diagram of encoder and encoder signal detector 2相式エンコーダの概略構成図Schematic configuration diagram of 2-phase encoder 2相式エンコーダのパルス信号の位相関係を示す波形図Waveform diagram showing the phase relationship of the pulse signal of the two-phase encoder 開閉角を計数するためのフローチャートFlow chart for counting opening and closing angles 開閉角の計数における初期処理のフローチャートFlow chart of initial processing for counting open / close angle 把持角検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートFlow chart for amplitude switching processing by grip angle detection 第3の実施の形態に係り、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of an ultrasonic coagulation incision apparatus concerning 3rd Embodiment. 測温体としてサーミスタを用いた場合の温度信号検知部の回路構成図Circuit diagram of temperature signal detector when a thermistor is used as a temperature sensor 測温体として熱電対を用いた場合の温度信号検知部の回路構成図Circuit diagram of the temperature signal detector when a thermocouple is used as the temperature sensor 凝固程度、温度変化および出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図Waveform diagram showing the relationship between solidification degree, temperature change and output amplitude switching 温度変化の検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートFlow chart for amplitude switching processing based on temperature change detection 図24に示す処理に後続するフローチャートFlowchart subsequent to the process shown in FIG. 第4の実施の形態に係り、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of an ultrasonic coagulation incision apparatus concerning 4th Embodiment. 一部拡大図を含むインピーダンス検知部の回路構成図Circuit diagram of the impedance detector including a partially enlarged view インピーダンス検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートFlow chart for amplitude switching processing by impedance detection インピーダンスおよび出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図Waveform diagram showing the relationship between impedance and output amplitude switching 第5の実施の形態に係り、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of an ultrasonic coagulation incision apparatus concerning 5th Embodiment. 測湿体が接続された湿度信号検知部の回路構成図Circuit diagram of the humidity signal detector connected to the humidity sensor 側湿体が配置される樹脂パッドの構成図Configuration diagram of resin pad where side wet body is placed 湿度検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートFlow chart regarding amplitude switching processing by humidity detection 湿度変化および出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図Waveform diagram showing the relationship between humidity change and output amplitude switching 第6の実施の形態に係り、超音波凝固切開装置の回路構成を示すブロック図The block diagram which shows the circuit structure of an ultrasonic coagulation incision apparatus concerning 6th Embodiment. 圧電素子が接続された弾性信号検知の回路構成図Elastic signal detection circuit configuration diagram with piezoelectric elements connected 弾性係数の検知による振幅切り替え処理に関するフローチャートFlow chart regarding amplitude switching processing by detection of elastic modulus 弾性係数の変化および出力振幅切り替えの関係を示す波形図Waveform diagram showing the relationship between elastic modulus change and output amplitude switching

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11…処置部,14…操作部,21…定力バネ,24…超音波振動子,30…検知処理部,31…振幅切り替え判断部,35…出力検出回路,37…絶対値検知回路,38…比較回路,45…超音波手術装置,46…タイマー処理部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Treatment part, 14 ... Operation part, 21 ... Constant force spring, 24 ... Ultrasonic transducer, 30 ... Detection processing part, 31 ... Amplitude switching judgment part, 35 ... Output detection circuit, 37 ... Absolute value detection circuit, 38 ... Comparison circuit, 45 ... Ultrasonic surgical device, 46 ... Timer processing unit

Claims (13)

超音波振動を発生する超音波振動子と、前記超音波振動により生体組織への処置を可能とする処置部と、操作部の操作に応じて前記処置部を開閉駆動する開閉駆動部と、前記超音波振動子を駆動する駆動出力を出力する出力手段と、を有する超音波手術装置において、
前記操作部が操作された場合に生体組織を前記処置部において一定の力量により把持する一定力量把持手段と、
前記処置部により前記一定の力量によって把持され処置される生体組織の凝固状態に対応する状態値を検知する状態検知手段と、
前記出力手段からの駆動出力を所定の振幅に制御する振幅制御手段と、
前記状態検知手段が検知した前記状態値に基づいて、前記超音波振動の出力を出力開始時の振幅よりも大きな振幅に切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御する振幅切り替え制御手段と、を有することを特徴とする超音波手術装置。
An ultrasonic transducer that generates ultrasonic vibrations, a treatment unit that enables treatment of living tissue by the ultrasonic vibrations, an open / close drive unit that opens and closes the treatment unit according to an operation of the operation unit, and In an ultrasonic surgical apparatus having an output means for outputting a drive output for driving an ultrasonic transducer,
A constant force grasping means for grasping a living tissue with a constant force in the treatment unit when the operation unit is operated;
A state detecting means for detecting a state value corresponding to a coagulation state of a living tissue to be grasped and treated by the treatment section with the constant force;
Amplitude control means for controlling the drive output from the output means to a predetermined amplitude;
Amplitude switching control means for controlling the amplitude control means so as to switch the output of the ultrasonic vibration to an amplitude larger than the amplitude at the start of output based on the state value detected by the state detection means. An ultrasonic surgical device characterized by the above.
前記一定力量把持手段が、前記生体組織を前記一定の力量によって把持していることを検知する一定力量把持状態検知手段を有し、
前記一定力量把持状態検知手段が前記生体組織を前記一定の力量によって把持していることを検知しているときに、前記出力手段の前記駆動出力は有効とされることを特徴とする請求項1記載の超音波手術装置。
The constant force amount grasping means has a constant force amount grasping state detecting means for detecting that the biological tissue is grasped by the constant force amount;
The drive output of the output means is validated when the constant force amount grasping state detecting means detects that the living tissue is grasped with the constant force amount. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus as described.
出力操作スイッチを有し、
前記一定力量把持状態検知手段が前記生体組織を前記一定の力量によって把持していることを検知し、かつ前記出力操作スイッチがONのときに、前記出力手段の前記駆動出力は有効とされることを特徴とする請求項2記載の超音波手術装置。
Has an output operation switch,
When the constant force amount grasping state detecting means detects that the living tissue is grasped by the constant force amount, and the output operation switch is ON, the drive output of the output means is enabled. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 2.
前記大きな振幅への切り替わりを音または音の変化によって報知する報知手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。   The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising notification means for notifying the switching to the large amplitude by sound or a change in sound. 前記状態検知手段は、前記超音波振動子の駆動開始から前記処置が継続されている処置経過時間を前記状態値として検知する処置経過時間検知手段であり、
前記振幅切り替え制御手段は、前記処置経過時間が所定値以上となった場合に、前記出力の振幅を切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御することを特徴とする請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。
The state detection means is a treatment elapsed time detection means for detecting, as the state value, a treatment elapsed time in which the treatment is continued from the start of driving of the ultrasonic transducer,
The amplitude switching control means controls the amplitude control means to switch the amplitude of the output when the treatment elapsed time becomes a predetermined value or more. An ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to any one of the above.
前記状態検知手段は、前記処置部が生体組織を把持した状態の開閉角を前記状態値として検知する開閉角検知手段であり、
前記振幅切り替え制御手段は、前記開閉角検知手段が検知する開閉角が所定値以下となった場合に、前記出力の振幅を切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御することを特徴とする請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。
The state detection means is an opening / closing angle detection means for detecting an opening / closing angle in a state in which the treatment unit grips a living tissue as the state value,
The amplitude switching control means controls the amplitude control means so as to switch the amplitude of the output when an opening / closing angle detected by the opening / closing angle detection means becomes a predetermined value or less. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 4.
前記開閉角検知手段は、前記開閉駆動部を開閉駆動させるための部材の移動量を検知するエンコーダと、該エンコーダの検知信号から前記開閉角を算出する開閉角算出手段とから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の超音波手術装置。   The opening / closing angle detection means includes an encoder that detects a movement amount of a member for driving the opening / closing drive unit to open / close, and an opening / closing angle calculation means that calculates the opening / closing angle from a detection signal of the encoder. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 6. 前記状態検知手段は、前記生体組織の温度を検知する温度検知手段と、該温度検知手段が検知した温度の変化量を前記状態値として算出する温度変化量算出手段とを含み、
前記振幅切り替え制御手段は、算出された前記温度変化量が所定値以上となった場合に、前記出力の振幅を切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御することを特徴とする請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。
The state detection means includes a temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the living tissue, and a temperature change amount calculation means for calculating a change amount of the temperature detected by the temperature detection means as the state value,
The amplitude switching control unit controls the amplitude control unit to switch the amplitude of the output when the calculated amount of change in temperature becomes a predetermined value or more. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to any one of 4.
前記状態検知手段は、前記生体組織のインピーダンスを前記状態値として検知するインピーダンス検知手段であり、
前記振幅切り替え制御手段は、検知された前記インピーダンスが所定値以上となった場合に、前記出力の振幅を切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御することを特徴とする請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。
The state detection means is an impedance detection means for detecting the impedance of the living tissue as the state value,
The amplitude switching control means controls the amplitude control means so as to switch the amplitude of the output when the detected impedance becomes a predetermined value or more. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus in any one.
前記インピーダンス検知手段は、前記処置部に把持された生体組織の間に交流を印加する交流印加手段と、前記交流印加手段が印加した交流の電圧値および電流値からインピーダンスを算出するインピーダンス算出手段とから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の超音波手術装置。   The impedance detection means includes an alternating current application means for applying an alternating current between living tissues held by the treatment section, and an impedance calculation means for calculating an impedance from an alternating voltage value and a current value applied by the alternating current application means, The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 9, comprising: 前記状態検知手段は、前記生体組織の湿度を検知する湿度検知手段であり、
前記振幅切り替え制御手段は、検知された前記湿度が所定値以下となった場合に、前記出力の振幅を切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御することを特徴とする請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。
The state detection means is a humidity detection means for detecting the humidity of the living tissue,
5. The amplitude control unit according to claim 2, wherein the amplitude control unit controls the amplitude control unit to switch the amplitude of the output when the detected humidity falls below a predetermined value. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus in any one.
前記状態検知手段は、前記生体組織の弾性係数を検知する弾性係数検知手段であり、
前記振幅切り替え制御手段は、検知された弾性係数が所定値以上となった場合に、前記出力の振幅を切り替えるように前記振幅制御手段を制御することを特徴とする請求項2から請求項4のいずれかに記載の超音波手術装置。
The state detection means is an elastic coefficient detection means for detecting an elastic coefficient of the living tissue,
5. The amplitude control unit according to claim 2, wherein the amplitude control unit controls the amplitude control unit to switch the amplitude of the output when the detected elastic coefficient becomes a predetermined value or more. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus in any one.
前記弾性係数検知手段は、前記処置部に把持された生体組織からの圧力を受けることが可能な位置に配置された圧電素子と、前記圧力が加わった状態の前記圧電素子に所定周期の電圧を印加する電圧印加手段と、前記印加する手段により印加された電圧信号と印加された電流信号との振幅の差および位相差から弾性係数を算出する弾性係数算出手段と、を有することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の超音波手術装置。

The elastic coefficient detecting means applies a voltage of a predetermined period to the piezoelectric element disposed at a position where the pressure from the living tissue held by the treatment portion can be received, and the piezoelectric element in a state where the pressure is applied. Voltage applying means for applying, and elastic coefficient calculating means for calculating an elastic coefficient from a difference in amplitude and a phase difference between the voltage signal applied by the applying means and the applied current signal. The ultrasonic surgical apparatus according to claim 12.

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