JP2006251909A - Glass breakage detection system, glass breakage detection device, and glass with glass breakage detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a glass breakage detection system, a glass breakage detection device, and glass with a glass breakage detection device with a radio function, capable of detecting glass breakage. <P>SOLUTION: The glass 10 whose breakage is to be detected is provided with a printed board 30 of the glass breakage detection device, and the printed board 30 is mounted with a radio 32 and an antenna 34, in which an output signal from the radio 32 is transmitted through an antenna transmission line 36 and from the antenna 34. The antenna transmission line 36 is provided with a stub 60, which comprises a branch line 38 formed on the printed board 30 and a sensing stub 42 formed on the glass 10. The branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42 are coupled electromagnetically. When the glass 10 is broken, the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is broken to change the electrical length of the stub 60 and thereby change the signal strength transmitted from the antenna 34 and then the signal strength at a base station, which detects the breakage of the glass 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a glass breakage detection system, a glass breakage detection device, and a glass with a glass breakage detection device, and in particular, a glass breakage detection system and a glass breakage detection for detecting breakage of window glass for homes and vehicles for security measures. The present invention relates to a glass with a device and a glass breakage detection device.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a crime prevention system that takes a crime prevention measure such as issuing an alarm or reporting to a security company when a window glass installed in a house or a vehicle is damaged. As a glass breakage detection device for detecting breakage of glass, Patent Document 1 proposes detecting a breakage of glass by forming a resistor on a glass to be detected and detecting disconnection of the resistor. Has been.
JP 2003-141649 A

  By the way, in the case of the glass breakage detection device that detects the breakage of the glass by detecting the breakage of the resistor as in Patent Document 1, a circuit unit for causing some electrical change when the resistor is broken, and its A detection circuit including a circuit unit for detecting an electrical change is required. In addition, if wireless communication can be performed between a base station installed in a place other than glass and a glass breakage detection device installed in glass, the information (signal) is sent from the glass breakage detection device when the glass breaks. This is effective because the base station can acquire the information and the base station can notify the security company.

  However, the configuration of a detection circuit such as that of Patent Document 1 is complicated, and if a wireless function is installed, a circuit such as an antenna or a radio device needs to be provided separately from the detection circuit. However, there is a problem that the configuration is complicated and a failure is easily caused, and the manufacturing cost is increased.

  In addition, the detection circuit as in Patent Document 1 has a drawback in that it is difficult to distinguish between a signal due to glass breakage and a signal due to circuit failure (for example, cutting of wiring).

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has a wireless function, a glass breakage detection system, and a glass breakage detection system capable of detecting breakage of glass with a simple device as distinguished from circuit failure. An object is to provide a device and a glass with a glass breakage detection device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a glass breakage detection system, a glass breakage detection device, and a glass with a glass breakage detection device that are unlikely to malfunction and have high detection accuracy.

  In order to achieve the object, the glass breakage detection system according to claim 1 is an antenna that is a component of an external circuit attached to glass, and a component of the external circuit that transmits radio waves through the antenna. Alternatively, a signal processing unit that performs reception processing and a component of the external circuit, an antenna transmission line that connects the antenna and the signal processing unit, and a stub of the antenna transmission line, the stub At least a part of the sensor is installed as a sensing stub in the glass so as to change the signal intensity transmitted from the antenna or the signal intensity received by the antenna due to breakage of the glass. And detecting glass breakage.

  According to the present invention, a stub is formed in the antenna transmission line that connects the signal processing unit of the external circuit installed in the glass and the antenna, and at least a part of the stub is provided in the glass as a sensing stub, When the glass is broken, the sensing stub is broken, so that the length (electric length) of the stub is changed. As a result, a change occurs in the signal intensity detected by the breakage detection unit, and it is detected that the glass has been broken by detecting the change. As described above, the present invention is simple in configuration because it can detect a glass breakage by using a circuit relating to a wireless function and by simply forming a stub in an antenna transmission line. Moreover, since it has a wireless function, if necessary, desired communication can be performed between the external circuit of the glass breakage detection apparatus installed on the glass and the base station. Furthermore, even if the glass sensing stub is broken, the length of the stub is set so that the signal intensity detected by the breakage detector shows a certain level. It is also possible to determine whether it has been done.

  A glass breakage detection system according to a second aspect is the invention according to the first aspect, wherein the base station receives a radio wave transmitted from the signal processing unit through the antenna, and the breakage detection unit provided in the base station It is characterized by detecting glass breakage.

  The present invention shows an aspect in which a signal processing unit of an external circuit installed on glass transmits radio waves, in which case the base station receives radio waves transmitted from the antenna of the external circuit, and the received radio waves Detects broken glass based on strength.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the signal processing unit transmits a signal in a predetermined radio frequency band to be transmitted as a radio wave through the antenna. Output to the line, the base station receives the radio wave transmitted through the antenna, the breakage detector provided in the base station detects the received signal strength, the strength of the detected signal and the sensing It is characterized in that it is detected that the glass is broken by comparing with the intensity of a signal detected when the stub is not broken or by comparing the intensity of the detected signal with a predetermined threshold value. .

  The present invention shows a mode of a signal transmitted as a radio wave through an antenna by a signal processing unit of an external circuit installed on the glass, and a mode of detecting a breakage of the glass by a breakage detection unit that detects the intensity of the signal.

  A glass breakage detection system according to a fourth aspect is characterized in that, in the invention according to the first aspect, a base station that transmits radio waves to the external circuit is provided.

  The present invention shows a mode in which a radio wave is transmitted from a base station, and a signal processing unit of an external circuit installed on the glass receives the radio wave.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the glass breakage detection system according to the fourth aspect, the antenna receives a signal of a predetermined radio frequency band transmitted from the base station and reaches the signal processing unit. The intensity of the signal is detected, and the damage detection unit compares the intensity of the arrived signal with the intensity of the signal detected when the sensing stub is not damaged, or the intensity of the reached signal It is characterized by detecting that the glass is broken by comparison with a predetermined threshold value.

  The present invention shows a mode of a signal received through an antenna by a signal processing unit of an external circuit installed on the glass, and a mode of detecting a breakage of the glass by a breakage detection unit that detects the intensity of the signal.

  A glass breakage detection system according to a sixth aspect is the invention according to the first, fourth, or fifth aspect, wherein the breakage detection unit is a component of the external circuit.

  In an aspect in which the present invention receives a radio wave transmitted from a base station by a signal processing unit of an external circuit, a breakage detection unit that detects that the glass is broken based on the intensity of the received signal is also a component of the external circuit. The aspect provided is shown.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 1, 2, or 4, wherein the antenna transmission line forms a part of a stub of the antenna transmission line. Is provided as a component of the external circuit, and the sensing stub is connected to the antenna transmission line via the branch line, and is switched to a connected state or a disconnected state in the branch line. Switch means arranged so that the length of the stub in a disconnected state is different from the length of the stub in a connected state when the sensing stub is damaged; And a switch control means for switching the switch means between a connected state and a disconnected state, and the breakage detector is The glass is broken based on the intensity of the signal detected when the switch means is set to the connected state and the intensity of the signal detected when the switch means is set to the disconnected state by the switch control means. It is characterized in that it is detected.

  The present invention provides a branch line that forms a part of a stub in an antenna transmission line of an external circuit, and connects a glass sensing stub to the antenna transmission line via the branch line, and also switches in the branch line. When the switch means is switched between the connected state and the disconnected state, it is detected that the glass is broken based on the intensity of the signal detected by the breakage detecting unit. According to this, when the switch means is in a disconnected state, the length of the stub is constant regardless of whether or not the glass sensing stub is broken, and the signal detected by the breakage detector is nevertheless. When the intensity of the light changes, it can be determined that some obstacle has passed to block the radio wave. The degree of intensity change caused by the obstacle can also be known. Therefore, by using the information, when a change occurs in the intensity of the signal detected by the breakage detector when the switch means is in the connected state, whether the change is caused by the passage of an obstacle, It is possible to appropriately determine whether the sensing stub is caused by breakage of the glass due to breakage.

  The glass breakage detection system according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the transmission line for an antenna according to the seventh aspect, wherein the signal processing unit uses a signal of a predetermined radio frequency band transmitted as a radio wave through the antenna as a pulse signal. The switch control means sets two pulse signals as one set, sets the switch means in a connected state when outputting one pulse signal of each set, and sets the switch means when outputting the other pulse signal. Is set to a disconnected state.

  In the present invention, when a radio wave is transmitted from a signal processing unit of an external circuit, the signal processing unit outputs a signal to the antenna transmission line as a radio wave, and the switch unit is connected and disconnected by the switch control unit. The mode of control to switch is shown.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 9 is the glass breakage detection system according to claim 8, wherein the breakage detection unit is configured to detect a signal detected when the switch unit is set to a connected state by the switch control unit. It is detected that the glass is broken based on the magnitude of the ratio between the intensity and the intensity of the signal detected when the switch means is set to the cut state by the switch control means. It is said.

  This invention has shown the aspect which detects that the glass is broken by the breakage detection part.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 10 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sensing stub is connected to the antenna transmission line by electromagnetic coupling or electrostatic coupling. It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, the glass sensing stub can be connected to the antenna transmission line of the external circuit without contact. Therefore, for example, when detecting breakage of laminated glass composed of an outdoor glass plate and an indoor glass plate, a sensing stub is provided on the outdoor glass plate, and an external circuit is provided on the indoor surface of the indoor glass plate. Even if it is installed, there is no need to pull out the transmission line to the indoor surface of the indoor glass plate in order to connect the sensing stub to the antenna transmission line of the external circuit, and the production of the glass with the sensing stub is possible. It becomes easy.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 11 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the antenna transmission line forms a part of a stub of the antenna transmission line. A line is branched and provided as a component of the external circuit, and the sensing stub is connected to the antenna transmission line via the branch line.

  According to the present invention, the length (electric length) of the stub when the glass sensing stub is completely broken (missed) can be set to a desired length according to the length of the branch line in the external circuit.

  A glass breakage detection system according to a twelfth aspect of the invention according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the branch line is formed on a printed circuit board installed on the glass and a slot line is formed on a ground plane of the printed circuit board. The branch line and the sensing stub are electromagnetically coupled via a slot line of the ground plane.

  The present invention shows an aspect in which a branch line formed on a printed circuit board as a component of an external circuit and a sensing stub formed on glass are connected by electromagnetic coupling.

  The glass breakage detection system according to a thirteenth aspect is the radio frequency band signal transmitted or received by the signal processing unit through the antenna in the invention according to any one of the first to sixth aspects and the tenth to twelfth aspects. On the other hand, when the sensing stub is present, the electrical length of the stub is an even multiple of a quarter of the wavelength within the stub, and the sensing stub is not present. The electrical length of the stub is characterized by being an odd multiple of approximately one quarter of the wavelength in the stub.

  According to the present invention, when the sensing stub is present, the influence of the stub hardly occurs and the strength of the signal detected by the damage detection unit is large. When the sensing stub does not exist, Due to the influence, the strength of the signal detected by the breakage detection unit is significantly reduced.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 14 is the invention according to claim 7, 8, or 9, wherein the sensing stub is broken with respect to a radio frequency band signal transmitted or received through the antenna. If not, the electrical length of the stub is an even multiple of one-fourth of the wavelength in the stub, regardless of whether the switch means is set in a connected state or a disconnected state. When the sensing stub is damaged, the electrical length of the stub when the switch means is set to the connected state is an odd multiple of approximately one quarter of the wavelength in the stub. Thus, the electrical length of the stub when the switch means is set to a disconnected state is an even multiple of approximately one-fourth of the wavelength in the stub.

  According to the present invention, when the switch means is provided on the branch line, the strength of the signal detected by the breakage detection unit when the switch means is in the disconnected state and the sensing stub in the case where the switch means is in the connected state. The strength of the signal detected by the breakage detector when it is not damaged is approximately equal, and the strength of the signal detected by the breakage detector when the switch means is disconnected and when the switch means is connected Thus, when the sensing stub is broken, the strength of the signal detected by the breakage detector is greatly different. Therefore, it can be easily detected that the glass is broken and the sensing stub is broken.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 15, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the glass is a laminated glass configured by stacking a plurality of glass plates, The sensing stub is provided on any surface of any one of the plurality of glass plates.

  This invention has shown the aspect of the position which provides a sensing stub, when the glass of the object which detects a damage is the laminated glass which laminated | stacked the several glass plate.

  A glass breakage detection system according to a sixteenth aspect is characterized in that, in the invention according to the fifteenth aspect, the glass plate on which the sensing stub is provided is tempered glass.

  According to the present invention, in the case of using laminated glass, by making the glass plate on which a part of the sensing stub is provided as tempered glass, when the glass breaks, the glass plate is crushed into particles and reliably The sensing stub can be damaged.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 17 is the invention according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the glass is composed of an outdoor glass plate and an indoor glass plate, and the sensing stub is the outdoor glass plate. It is characterized by being provided in.

  This invention has shown the aspect in the case of using a laminated glass, when the laminated glass is comprised with two glass plates.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 18 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 17, the sensing stub is provided on the indoor side of the outdoor glass plate.

  As in the present invention, a sensing stub is preferably provided on the indoor side of the outdoor glass plate.

  The glass breakage detection system according to claim 19 is the invention according to claim 15, 16, 17 or 18, wherein the external circuit is arranged at a position closest to the indoor side among the plurality of glass plates. It is characterized by being attached to the indoor side surface of the glass plate.

  This invention has shown the aspect of the position which attaches an external circuit in the case of using a laminated glass.

  A glass breakage detection apparatus according to a twentieth aspect includes the external circuit and the sensing stub in the glass breakage detection system according to any one of the first to 19th aspects.

  The glass with a glass breakage detection device according to claim 21 is the glass with a glass breakage detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to detect breakage of glass with a simple device while having a wireless function. According to the present invention, it can be easily distinguished from a signal such as a circuit failure (system failure), and the glass breakage detection accuracy can be increased.

  Further, by providing the stub with switch means that can be switched between the connected state and the disconnected state, it is difficult to malfunction even when the radio wave propagation environment changes, and the detection accuracy can be increased.

  Preferred embodiments of a glass breakage detection system, a glass breakage detection device, and a glass with a glass breakage detection device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a security system to which the present invention is applied. A glass 10 shown in the figure is formed in a rectangular shape as a window glass for a house, and is fixed to a window frame 12 such as a metal sash frame and installed on a wall surface. A glass breakage detection device 14 for detecting breakage of the glass 10 is provided at the upper left corner of the glass 10, and an external unit 16 on which a main circuit (external circuit) of the glass breakage detection device 14 is mounted is the glass 10. It is fixed to the indoor surface. Further, as will be described later, transmission lines that are components of the glass breakage detection device 14 are also printed on the glass 10 itself, and each glass (not shown) that requires security measures has such a glass 10 and an external unit. A glass breaker 14 consisting of 16 is installed.

  The external unit 16 has a wireless function of performing communication using radio waves in a predetermined frequency band. The external unit 16 attached to the glass 10 of each window is a slave station, and the external unit 16 of the slave station and the base station 18 are connected. Radio waves can be transmitted and received (wireless communication) between them.

  The base station 18 includes an antenna 20 and is installed within a distance range in which, for example, indoors, radio waves transmitted from the external unit 16 can be sensed by the antenna 20. The base station 18 detects whether or not the glass 10 to which the external unit 16 is attached is broken by receiving the radio wave transmitted from the external unit 16 by the antenna 20 as will be described later. The detected information is transmitted to a pre-registered terminal 24 such as a security company terminal or a personal mobile phone using the communication line 22. Thereby, when the glass 10 is broken, it is possible to notify a specific person to that effect.

  The response when glass breakage is detected is not limited to notifying a specific person, but may be another response such as issuing a warning by a buzzer, or a combination of multiple types of responses. Good.

  FIG. 2 shows an external circuit mounted on the external unit 16 of the glass breakage detection device 14, and shows a printed circuit board 30 on which the external circuit is mounted, a main circuit, and a wiring pattern. FIG. 2A shows an external circuit on which a breakage detection unit 33 connected to the signal processing unit 31 is mounted. An antenna transmission line 36 is connected to the radio device 32 included in the signal processing unit 31. An antenna (chip antenna) 34 and a branch line 38 are connected to the antenna transmission line. Further, a slot line 40 is shown that is disposed substantially at the center of the branch line and substantially orthogonal to the line.

  FIG. 2B shows an external circuit in the case where the damage detection unit 33 is provided in the base station, and has the same configuration as FIG. 2A except that the damage detection unit is not provided.

  The radio device 32 performs processing for generating and outputting a signal to be transmitted to the base station 18 by radio waves, processing for receiving a signal transmitted by radio waves from the base station 18, and other processing necessary for the external unit 16. It has a function. The frequency band of the radio wave used for communication is, for example, the 2.4 GHz band, and the radio device 32 outputs a signal in that frequency band. A signal output from the wireless device 32 is transmitted through the antenna transmission line 36 and input to the antenna 34, and is radiated as a radio wave from the antenna 34. Note that a small battery is built in the external unit 16, and each circuit of the external unit 16 is driven by the battery. The antenna 34 is exemplified by a chip antenna in FIG. 2, but may be a planar antenna realized using a printed circuit board, and the antenna configuration may be a microstrip antenna, a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, or an inverted antenna. Any type of antenna such as an F antenna may be used.

  On the other hand, the radio wave transmitted from the base station 18 is also a signal in the same frequency band as the radio wave transmitted by the external unit 16, the radio wave transmitted from the base station 18 is received by the antenna 34, and the received signal is used for the antenna. The transmission line 36 is transmitted and taken into the radio device 32. The wireless device 32 has a function of a transmitter that transmits radio waves through the antenna 34 and a receiver that receives radio waves through the antenna 34. However, depending on the processing mode for detecting breakage of the glass 10 (described later), It suffices to have only this function.

  The antenna transmission line 36 for connecting them is provided between the radio 32 and the antenna 34, and a branch line 38 for forming a stub (open stub) is provided in the middle of the antenna transmission line 36. It is provided by branching. Further, a ground plane is provided on the back surface of the printed circuit board 30, and an elongated hole (slot line) 40 indicated by a broken line in the figure is formed on the ground plane so as to be substantially orthogonal to the branch line 38. Yes.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, a sensing stub 42 is formed on the glass 10 to which the external unit 16 is attached by, for example, printing silver paste, and the printed circuit board 30 of the external unit 16 is attached to the sensing stub 42. The slot line 40 is fixed to the surface of the glass 10 so as to be substantially orthogonal. As a result, the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 are electromagnetically coupled via the slot line 40, and the antenna transmission line is formed by the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10. A stub (open stub) is formed at 36. Here, the sensing stub indicates a stub in which a part of the stub is changed in length due to breakage as described later.

  Although details will be described later, when the glass 10 is broken, the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is broken to change the length of the stub. Therefore, when the glass 10 is broken, from the branch point P of the stub (see FIG. 2). The impedance of the seen stub changes. When the impedance of the stub changes, the impedance of the antenna transmission line 36 changes, so that the breakage of the glass 10 can be detected using the change in impedance as described later.

  FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the glass 10 and the external unit 16 in an enlarged manner. The glass 10 shown in the figure is, for example, laminated glass, and is configured by sandwiching an interlayer film (adhesive layer) (not shown) between the outdoor glass plate 50 and the indoor glass plate 52 and pressing and integrating them. . Further, although not shown in the external unit 16, a battery (power source) and a housing are also included.

  The printed circuit board 30 of the external unit 16 is fixed to the indoor side surface of the indoor side glass plate 52. In the drawing, a part of the printed circuit board 30 is shown. A ground plane 56 is formed on the back surface of the printed circuit board 30, and the ground plane 56 is fixed substantially parallel to the indoor side glass plate 52. The antenna 34, the antenna transmission line 36, and the branch line 38 shown in FIG. 2 are shown on the surface of the base 54 of the printed circuit board 30. The wireless communication shown in FIG. 2 is connected to one end of the antenna transmission line 36. The machine 32 is omitted.

  A slot line 40 is formed on the ground plane 56 of the printed circuit board 30 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the branch line 38. A sensing stub 42 forming a part of the stub is formed on the mating surface of the outdoor glass plate 50 (the surface facing the indoor glass plate 52), that is, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the slot line 40, that is, on the printed board 30. It is printed in a direction substantially parallel to the branch line 38. It is particularly desirable that the respective centers of the branch line 38, the slot line 40, and the sensing stub 42 are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from above (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 2). Here, the branch line 38 and the slot line 40 can be integrated by the printed circuit board 30 and the center thereof can be overlapped. It is effective to print the printed circuit board alignment marker at a predetermined position simultaneously with the printing of the sensing stub, that is, using the same print mask. Thereby, alignment with a printed circuit board and the sensing stub 42 can be performed easily. Further, since signal transmission between the slot line and the sensing stub is performed by electromagnetic energy, even if the position is slightly shifted, there is little fluctuation in transmission characteristics. Therefore, the mass production of sensing stubs is high, and high accuracy is not required for mounting external circuits. The branch line 38 of the printed board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the outdoor glass plate 50 are electromagnetically coupled via the slot line 40, and the branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42 are connected to the antenna transmission line 36 of the printed board 30. A stub is formed.

  For the outdoor glass plate 50 on which the branch line 38 is printed, for example, tempered glass by heat treatment is used. The tempered glass is crushed into a granular shape regardless of where the glass breaks, so that when the glass 10 is broken, the sensing stub 42 printed on the outdoor glass plate 50 is surely broken. Yes. If release paper is inserted between an intermediate film (not shown) and the outdoor glass plate 50, crushing of the outdoor glass plate 50 and breakage of the sensing stub 42 can be further promoted. Further, the sensing stub 42 can be sintered simultaneously with the heat treatment of the outdoor glass plate 50 after, for example, printing a silver paste on the outdoor glass plate 50. However, the sensing stub 42 may be a conductor made of other materials, and is formed of a transparent conductive film such as an indium oxide (ITO) film doped with tin oxide, or a laminated film in which a metal thin film is a main conductor. Alternatively, other conductor forming methods may be used.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram equivalently showing the circuit in the glass breakage detecting device 14 configured as described above with its components. The same components as those of the circuit component and the transmission line shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. On the printed circuit board 30 of the external unit 16, the radio device 32 and the antenna 34 are disposed, and the radio device 32 and the antenna 34 are connected by the antenna transmission line 36 including the antenna transmission line 36A and the antenna transmission line 36B. . A branch line 38 forming a part of the stub 60 is branched from a branch point P between the antenna transmission line 36A and the antenna transmission line 36B.

  On the other hand, a sensing stub 42 forming a part of the stub 60 is disposed on the glass 10, and the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 are connected by a connection element 62 such as electromagnetic coupling. As a result, a stub 60 including the branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42 is formed in the antenna transmission line 36. The configuration shown in FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the external circuit shown in FIG. 2B when the damage detection unit 33 shown in FIG. The damage detection unit may be mounted on the five printed circuit boards 30.

  The principle and processing mode for detecting breakage of the glass 10 in a circuit composed of such components will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, it is assumed that wireless communication is performed in a predetermined radio frequency band (for example, 2.4 GHz band) between the external unit 16 and the base station 18.

  When the glass 10 is not broken, that is, when the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is not broken (normal), the stub 60 has a length formed by the branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42. . On the other hand, when the glass 10 is broken, the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is broken, and the length of the stub 60 is shortened. At this time, since the electrical length of the stub 60 as viewed from the branch point P changes, the impedance of the antenna transmission line 36 changes, and the strength of the signal transmitted from the radio 32 to the antenna 34 by the antenna transmission line 36 changes. Change. Since this change appears as a change in the reception intensity of the radio wave received by the base station 18, the breakage of the glass 10 can be detected by detecting the reception intensity of the radio wave received by the base station 18. Further, since the functions of the radio device 32 and the antenna 34 are not lost due to the breakage of the glass 10, the breakage of the glass 10 and the failure of the system can be distinguished.

  In the present embodiment, for example, when λg is a wavelength in the stub 60 with respect to the radio frequency, the electrical length of the stub 60 is approximately λg / 4 (90 ° phase when the glass 10 is not broken). ), And the length of the branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42 in consideration of the phase transition at the connecting element 62 so that the length of the glass 10 is an odd multiple of approximately λg / 4 when the glass 10 is broken. Is set. In this case, when the glass 10 is not damaged, the signal output from the radio device 32 is transmitted to the antenna 34 through the antenna transmission line 36 with almost no attenuation, and is radiated as a radio wave from the antenna 34.

  On the other hand, when the glass 10 breaks and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 breaks, the length of the stub 60 changes, and the electrical length of the stub 60 viewed from the branch point P is shorter than an even multiple of approximately λg / 4. Become. In an extreme case, if all of the sensing stubs 42 on the glass are missing, the electrical length changes to an odd multiple of λg / 4. When the electrical length of the stub 60 changes to an odd multiple of λg / 4, the strength of the signal transmitted from the radio 32 to the antenna 34 is significantly attenuated by the antenna transmission line 36 and is radiated from the antenna 34. The signal becomes weak. Even if all the sensing stubs 42 on the glass are not missing, it is sufficient if the sensing stub 42 is missing more than 1/3, and more preferably, if the sensing stub is missing more than 2/3, the signal intensity ratio becomes easier to compare and the detection accuracy is more improved. Go up.

  The base station 18 shown in FIG. 1 receives the radio wave of the signal transmitted from the external unit 16 by the antenna 20 and detects the reception intensity of the received radio wave. And it is detected whether the glass 10 is damaged based on the received intensity of a radio wave. For example, when it is detected that the detected reception intensity of the radio wave is greatly reduced with respect to the normal reception intensity in which the sensing stub 42 is not missing, or lower than a predetermined threshold value, It is determined that the glass 10 is broken.

  A specific processing procedure is illustrated. As a first processing mode, the radio unit 32 of the external unit 16 always outputs the above signal continuously or intermittently for a certain period of time without receiving an instruction from the base station 18. And On the other hand, the base station 18 receives the radio wave of the signal transmitted from the external unit 16 at a predetermined timing, and detects the reception intensity of the received radio wave. That is, the signal strength of a signal received by radio waves is detected. Then, it is determined whether or not the detection condition is satisfied as a glass breakage detection condition that the reception intensity is significantly lower than the normal reception intensity or lower than a predetermined lower limit. . When the detection condition is not satisfied, it is determined that the glass 10 is not broken. When the detection condition is satisfied, it is determined that the glass 10 is broken. Thus, when the glass 10 is broken, the breakage is detected at the base station 18.

  Whether or not the received strength of the received radio wave is significantly lower than the normal received strength is, for example, a comparison between the strength of the received signal and the strength of the signal detected when the sensing stub is not damaged. The received signal intensity is compared with a predetermined threshold value, or the ratio (X / A) of the received radio wave received intensity X to the normal received intensity A is compared with the predetermined threshold value. It can be judged by whether it is small or not. The normal radio wave reception intensity A can be set as the radio wave reception intensity received from the external unit 16 at the time of initialization (power-on, reset, etc.).

  As a second processing form, first, it is assumed that the radio device 32 of the external unit 16 does not transmit a signal unconditionally. On the other hand, the base station 18 transmits a request signal for requesting signal output to the external unit 16 by radio waves. When receiving the request signal, the radio unit 32 of the external unit 16 outputs the signal for a predetermined time or until a stop instruction signal from the base station 18 is received. The base station 18 receives the radio wave of the signal and detects whether or not the glass 10 is broken in the same manner as in the first processing mode described above by detecting the reception intensity of the radio wave. Thereby, when the glass 10 is broken, the breakage is detected in the base station 18.

  In the principle and processing mode described above, a case where it is detected whether or not the glass 10 is broken by transmitting a radio wave of a signal from the external unit 16 and receiving the radio wave at the base station 18 to detect the reception intensity. As described above, even in the reverse case, that is, when the radio wave of the signal is transmitted from the base station 18 and the radio wave is received by the external unit 16 and the reception intensity is detected, similarly to the above principle and processing mode. It is possible to detect whether the glass 10 is broken.

  For example, the radio wave of the signal is output from the base station 18 continuously or intermittently for a certain period of time. The radio wave is received by the antenna 34, and the received signal is taken into the radio device 32 via the antenna transmission line 34. Then, the wireless device 32 detects the signal strength of the received radio wave by detecting the signal strength of the signal. It can be detected that the glass 10 is broken by detecting that the reception intensity is significantly lower than the normal reception intensity or lower than a predetermined threshold value. When detecting whether or not the glass 10 is broken in the external unit 16, if it is necessary to notify the base station 18 of the detection result, communication using radio waves can be used. However, if the response to the detection of the breakage of the glass 10 is performed only by the external unit 16 as in the case where the alarm buzzer is sounded by the external unit 16, the base station 18 is notified of the breakage of the glass 10. There is no need.

  Next, another embodiment of the glass breakage detection device 14 will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram equivalently showing the circuit of another embodiment of the glass breakage detection device 14 with its components. 5 that are the same as or similar to those in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  In the form of FIG. 6, the RF switch 70 is disposed in the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 in FIG. 5, and the radio device 32 switches the RF switch 70 on (connected state) / off (disconnected state). It has become. When the RF switch 70 is off, the stub 60 is formed by a part of the transmission line 38A of the branch line 38. At this time, the electrical length of the stub 60 is approximately λg with respect to the signal frequency similar to that of the above embodiment. The length of the transmission line 38A (position of the RF switch 70 in the branch line 38) is set so as to be an even multiple of / 4.

  On the other hand, when the RF switch 70 is on, the stub 60 is formed from the branch line 38 (transmission line 38A and transmission line 38B) of the printed circuit board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10. When the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is not damaged, the electrical length of the stub 60 is an even multiple of approximately λg / 4. When the sensing stub 42 is damaged, the electrical length of the stub 60 is The lengths of the branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42 are set so that the length is an odd multiple of approximately λg / 4. The configuration shown in FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the external circuit shown in FIG. 2B when the damage detection unit 33 shown in FIG. 2A is not in the external circuit, that is, the configuration of the external circuit shown in FIG. The damage detection unit may be mounted on the printed circuit board 30 of No. 6.

  In the form of FIG. 6, the following processing is executed. The radio unit 32 of the external unit 16 outputs a signal as a pulse signal having a predetermined pulse width by turning on / off the output of the signal as shown in FIG. 7A, and two continuous pulse signals A and B Are output in a predetermined cycle as a set of signals. Also, one of the signals in each group, for example, when the pulse signal B to be output later is output, the RF switch 70 is turned on as shown in FIG. 7B, and otherwise, the RF switch 70 is turned off. To.

Accordingly, the reception intensity of the radio wave received by the base station 18 is as shown in FIG. If the glass 10 is not broken (see the left half period in the figure), the electrical length of the stub 60 is an even multiple of λg / 4 in both the on and off states of the RF switch 70. The pulse signal output from the wireless device 32 is transmitted to the antenna 34 through the antenna transmission line 36 with almost no attenuation, and is radiated from the antenna 34 as a radio wave. Accordingly, in each set of signals output from the radio device 32, the base station for the radio wave of the pulse signal A output when the RF switch 70 is off and the radio wave of the pulse signal B output when the RF switch 70 is on. The reception intensity X _A and the reception intensity X _B at 18 are not so different.

Further, for example, when the propagation environment of the radio wave changes such as when an obstacle such as a person passes between the external unit 16 and the base station 18, the reception intensity of the radio wave at the base station 18 changes. Accordingly, also changes the absolute magnitude of the reception intensity X _a and the reception intensity X _B in the base station 18 for radio wave of the radio wave and the pulse signal B of the pulse signal a. However, the period during which one set of signals is output is short, and fluctuations in the propagation environment during that period can be ignored. Therefore, even if the propagation environment of the radio wave fluctuates, the relative relationship between the reception intensity X _A and the reception intensity X _B at the base station 18 with respect to the radio wave of the pulse signal A and the radio wave of the pulse signal B in each set of signals. The size is substantially constant. That is, the intensity ratio (X _A / X _B ) between the received intensity X _A and the received intensity X _B when the glass 10 is not broken varies as shown in FIG. 7D. Also shows a substantially constant value, which is close to 1.

On the other hand, when the glass 10 is broken, that is, when the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is broken (see the right half period of FIG. 7C), when the RF switch 70 is off, the stub 60 is turned off. Since the electrical length is an even multiple of approximately λg / 4, the pulse signal output from the radio device 32 is transmitted to the antenna 34 through the antenna transmission line 36 without being attenuated, and is emitted from the antenna 34 as a radio wave. The On the other hand, when the RF switch 70 is on, the electrical length of the stub 60 is shorter than an even multiple of λg / 4, so that the pulse signal B output from the wireless device 32 is transmitted by the antenna transmission line 36 to the antenna 34. The pulse signal transmitted to is greatly attenuated, and the radio wave radiated from the antenna 34 is also greatly weakened. Therefore, when the RF switch 70 in each set of signals output from the radio 32 is RF switch 70 as compared with the reception intensity X _A of the base station 18 for radio wave pulse signal A is output when the OFF ON reception intensity X _B in the base station 18 for radio wave pulse signal B outputted in greatly decreases.

For the same reason as described above, the intensity ratio (X _A / X _B ) of the radio wave reception intensity X _A and the reception intensity X _B at the base station 18 with respect to the signal in each pair when the glass 10 is broken is As shown in FIG. 7 (D), it shows a substantially constant value regardless of fluctuations in the radio wave propagation environment, and is an extremely large value.

Therefore, the base station 18 detects the received intensities X _A and X _B of the pulse signals A and B in each set of signals, and as shown in FIG. 7D, the ratio of the received intensities (X _A It is determined whether or not the detection condition is satisfied by using / X _B ) as a glass breakage detection condition that the / X _B ) is significantly larger than the normal value or greater than a predetermined threshold value. When the detection condition is not satisfied, it is determined that the glass 10 is not damaged. When the detection condition is satisfied, it is determined that the glass 10 is damaged. Thereby, even when the reception intensity of the radio wave varies due to the fluctuation of the radio wave propagation environment, it is not mistaken for the glass 10 being damaged, and is not affected by the fluctuation of the radio wave propagation environment. Breakage of the glass 10 can be detected with high reliability.

  In the description of the other embodiments described above, it is determined whether the glass 10 is broken by transmitting a radio wave of a signal from the external unit 16 and receiving the radio wave at the base station 18 to detect the reception intensity. The case of detection has been described. However, in the opposite case, that is, when the radio wave of a signal is transmitted from the base station 18 and the radio wave is received by the external unit 16 to detect the reception intensity, the glass 10 is similarly provided. Whether it is damaged or not can be detected.

  As described above, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the glass 10 to be subjected to breakage detection is a laminated glass composed of the outdoor side glass plate 50 and the indoor side glass plate 52. Not limited to this. The glass to be subjected to breakage detection may be constituted by a single glass plate, or may be laminated glass constituted by superposing two or more glass plates. When the target glass for breakage detection is a laminated glass composed of a plurality of glass plates, the transmission line for stubs formed on the glass should be formed on the surface of one of the glass plates facing the other glass plate. However, it may be formed on other surfaces. Moreover, although it is desirable to attach the external unit 16 attached to glass to the indoor side surface of the glass plate arranged most indoors among a plurality of glass plates, it may be attached to other positions. Further, the glass plate forming the stub transmission line is preferably tempered glass, but is not necessarily tempered glass.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, when the shape of both the sensing stub 42 formed in the glass 10 and the slot line 40 formed in the ground plane 56 of the printed circuit board 30 in the external unit 16 is linear as shown in FIG. However, these shapes may be other shapes. For example, as shown in FIG. 8A, the slot line 40 formed in the ground plane 6 may be formed in an H shape with respect to the linear sensing stub 42 formed in the glass 10. Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, the sensing stub 42 formed on the glass 10 with respect to the H-shaped slot line 40 formed on the ground plane may have a fan-shaped enlarged shape (radial stub). Good. The sensing stub is a microstrip line, but is not limited thereto, and may be a CPW (Coplanar Waveguide) line or a CPS (Coplanar Strip) line. Since coplanar circuits such as CPW and CPS do not require an opposing ground plane, the line can be extended to the outside of the external circuit and pulled out to any position.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 are connected in a non-contact manner by electromagnetic coupling as shown in FIGS. May be connected in a non-contact manner. In the case of electrostatic coupling, for example, one end of the transmission line for stub formed on the printed circuit board 30 and one end of the transmission line for stub formed on the glass 10 may be arranged to face each other with a dielectric interposed therebetween. . In addition, the stub transmission line of the printed circuit board 30 and the glass stub transmission line are not necessarily connected in a non-contact manner, and may be connected in direct contact.

  In the configuration of the glass breakage detection device 14 shown in FIG. 5, the electrical length of the stub 60 when the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is present is an even multiple of approximately λg / 4, and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is The lengths of the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 are set so that the electrical length of the stub 60 when not present is approximately an odd multiple of λg / 4, but is not limited thereto. The branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 and the glass so that the electrical length of the stub 60 is different between the presence of the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 and when the sensing stub 42 is damaged (so that the reception strength of the signal radio wave is different). The length of ten sensing stubs 42 may be set. Thereby, the breakage of the glass 10 can be detected based on the reception intensity of the radio wave of the signal. Further, the branch line 38 of the printed circuit board 30 is not always necessary, and the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 may be connected to the antenna transmission line 36 as a transmission line forming the entire stub 60.

  In the configuration of another embodiment of the glass breakage detection device 14 shown in FIG. 6, when the RF switch 70 is OFF, the transmission line 38A is set so that the electrical length of the stub 60 is an even multiple of approximately λg / 4. When the RF switch 70 is on, the electrical length of the stub 60 when the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is not missing is an even multiple of approximately λg / 4, and the sensing stub 42 is missing. The lengths of the branch line 38 and the sensing stub 42 are set so that the electrical length of the stub 60 is an odd multiple of approximately λg / 4. It is only necessary that the electrical length of the stub 60 be different between when the sensing stub 42 of the glass 10 is present and when it is damaged, and when the RF switch 70 is off, the signal radio wave reception strength is to some extent. What is necessary is just to set the length of transmission line 38A so that a magnitude | size may be shown.

  In the configuration of another embodiment of the glass breakage detection device 14 shown in FIG. 6, the wireless device 32 transmits two continuous pulse signals as a set of signals, and the RF switch 70 is set to output a pulse signal. Although the on / off operation is synchronized, it is not always necessary to output a pulse signal as a signal. For example, a signal having a constant frequency and a constant amplitude may be continuously output, and only on / off of the RF switch 70 may be switched at a predetermined timing.

  Further, if wireless communication capable of multiple access is used, a plurality of window glasses can be targeted for breakage detection in the crime prevention system of FIG. Here, multiple access is generally a technology for sharing a wireless communication propagation path between a plurality of terminals, for example, FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). ) Etc. Thereby, it can be identified whether the glass of any window was damaged.

The figure which showed the crime prevention system to which this invention is applied. The figure which showed the main circuit and wiring pattern in the printed circuit board in the external unit of a glass breakage detection apparatus. The figure which showed the positional relationship of the slot line formed in the printed circuit board of an external unit, and the transmission line printed on glass. The disassembled perspective view which expanded and showed a part of glass and an external unit. The figure which equivalently showed the circuit in the glass breakage detection apparatus with the component. The figure which equivalently showed the circuit of other embodiment of the glass breakage detection apparatus with the component. Explanatory drawing used for description of processing operation | movement of a glass breakage detection apparatus. The figure which showed the other form about the shape of a stub and a slot line.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Glass, 12 ... Window frame, 14 ... Glass breakage detection apparatus, 16 ... External unit, 18 ... Base station, 20 ... Antenna, 22 ... Communication line, 24 ... Terminal, 30 ... Printed circuit board, 31 ... Signal processing part, 32 ... Radio unit, 33 ... Damage detector, 34 ... Antenna, 36 ... Transmission line for antenna, 38 ... Branch line, 42 ... Sensing stub, 38A, 38B ... Branch line for RF switch connection, 40 ... Slot line, 50 ... Outdoor glass plate, 52 ... Indoor glass plate, 54 ... Base, 56 ... Ground plane, 60 ... Stub, 62 ... Connection element, 70 ... RF switch

Claims (21)

An antenna that is a component of an external circuit attached to the glass;
A signal processing unit that is a component of the external circuit and performs processing of transmitting or receiving radio waves through the antenna;
A component of the external circuit, an antenna transmission line connecting the antenna and the signal processing unit,
The stub of the transmission line for the antenna, and at least a part of the stub is a sensing stub, and the glass is changed so that the signal strength transmitted from the antenna or the signal strength received by the antenna is changed due to breakage of the glass. The glass breakage detection system is characterized in that the breakage detection unit detects the change by installing the breakage detection unit.   The glass breakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein a radio wave transmitted from the signal processing unit through the antenna is received by a base station, and a breakage detection unit provided in the base station performs glass breakage detection.   The signal processing unit outputs a signal of a predetermined radio frequency band to be transmitted as a radio wave through the antenna to the transmission line for the antenna, and the base station receives the radio wave transmitted through the antenna and transmits the signal to the base station. The provided damage detection unit detects the received signal strength, and compares the detected signal strength with the signal strength detected when the sensing stub is not damaged, or the detected signal The glass breakage detection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the breakage of the glass is detected by comparing the strength with a predetermined threshold value.   The glass breakage detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a base station that transmits radio waves to the external circuit.   The antenna receives a signal of a predetermined radio frequency band transmitted from the base station, detects the strength of the signal reaching the signal processing unit, the damage detection unit, the strength of the reached signal, It is detected that the glass is broken by comparing with the intensity of a signal detected when the sensing stub is not broken, or comparing the intensity of the reached signal with a predetermined threshold value. The glass breakage detection system according to claim 4.   The glass breakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein the breakage detection unit is a component of the external circuit. The antenna transmission line is provided with a branch line forming a part of the stub of the antenna transmission line as a component of the external circuit, and the sensing stub is connected to the antenna via the branch line. Connected to the transmission line for
In the branch line, switch means that can be switched to a connected state or a disconnected state, the length of the stub in the disconnected state, and the stub in the connected state when the sensing stub is damaged Switch means arranged to be different in length, and switch control means for switching the switch means between a connected state and a disconnected state,
The breakage detection unit detects the strength of the signal detected when the switch means is set to the connected state by the switch control means and when the switch means is set to the disconnected state by the switch control means. 5. The glass breakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein the breakage of the glass is detected based on the intensity of the signal.   The signal processing unit outputs a signal of a predetermined radio frequency band transmitted as a radio wave through the antenna to the transmission line for the antenna as a pulse signal, and the switch control means sets two pulse signals as one set, The glass breakage detection system according to claim 7, wherein the switch means is set in a connected state when one pulse signal of the set is output, and the switch means is set in a disconnected state when the other pulse signal is output. .   The breakage detection unit is configured to detect the strength of a signal detected when the switch unit is set to a connected state by the switch control unit, and when the switch unit is set to a disconnected state by the switch control unit. The glass breakage detection system according to claim 8, wherein the glass breakage is detected based on a magnitude of a ratio with a detected signal intensity.   The glass breakage detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sensing stub is connected to the antenna transmission line by electromagnetic coupling or electrostatic coupling.   The antenna transmission line is provided with a branch line forming a part of the stub of the antenna transmission line as a component of the external circuit, and the sensing stub is connected to the antenna via the branch line. The glass breakage detection system according to claim 1, wherein the glass breakage detection system is connected to a transmission line for use.   The branch line is formed on a printed circuit board installed on the glass, and a slot line is formed on a ground plane of the printed circuit board, and the branch line and the sensing stub are electromagnetically connected via the slot line of the ground plane. The glass breakage detection system according to claim 11, wherein the glass breakage detection system is combined.   The electrical length of the stub when the sensing stub is present for a signal in a radio frequency band transmitted or received by the signal processing unit through the antenna is approximately a quarter of the wavelength in the stub. The electrical length of the stub when the sensing stub is not present is an odd multiple of a quarter of the wavelength in the stub. Item 10. The glass breakage detection system according to any one of Items 1 to 6 and 10 to 12. When the sensing stub is not damaged for a signal in a radio frequency band transmitted or received through the antenna, the stub is set regardless of whether the switch means is in a connected state or a disconnected state. Is an even multiple of a quarter of the wavelength in the stub,
When the sensing stub is broken, the electrical length of the stub when the switch means is set to the connected state is an odd multiple of approximately one quarter of the wavelength in the stub. The electrical length of the stub when the switch means is set to a disconnected state is an even multiple of approximately one-fourth of the wavelength in the stub. The glass breakage detection system according to 8 or 9.   The glass is a laminated glass configured by overlapping a plurality of glass plates, and the sensing stub is provided on any surface of any one of the plurality of glass plates. The glass breakage detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 14.   The glass breakage detection system according to claim 15, wherein the glass plate on which the sensing stub is provided is tempered glass.   The glass breakage detection system according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the glass includes an outdoor glass plate and an indoor glass plate, and the sensing stub is provided on the outdoor glass plate.   The glass breakage detection system according to claim 17, wherein the sensing stub is provided on the indoor side of the outdoor glass plate.   The said external circuit is attached to the indoor side surface of the glass plate arrange | positioned in the position which becomes the indoor side most among these glass plates, The claim 15, 16, 17, or 18 characterized by the above-mentioned. The glass breakage detection system described.   The glass breakage detection apparatus provided with the said external circuit and sensing stub in the glass breakage detection system of any one of the said Claims 1-19.   The glass with a glass breakage detector according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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