JP2006212486A - Membrane separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform solid-liquid separation of water to be treated in a water treatment process such as wastewater treatment such as activated sludge treatment with an immersion type membrane separation device provided with a plurality of filtration membrane modules, between each filtration membrane module It is intended to provide a membrane separation apparatus and a membrane separation method that eliminate unevenness in the amount of adhesion and deposition on the film surface, optimize the membrane cleaning interval, and improve the processing efficiency.
SOLUTION: A plurality of filtration membrane modules immersed in a water treatment tank and a permeated water pipe interposed with a suction pump are connected to the permeated water pipe via a branch pipe, and are covered by a suction pump. In the membrane separation device that sucks the treated water and permeates the filtration membrane module to obtain the treated water, the filtration membrane modules 2a and 2b, 2c and 2d are connected to the branch pipe 4 so that the suction force of the treated water becomes equal. 4, the filtration membrane module bodies 3a and 3b were connected, and the filtration membrane module bodies were connected by the branch pipe 4a to equalize the pipe resistance between the filtration membrane modules and the suction pump 6.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a submerged membrane separation apparatus used for solid-liquid separation between sludge and treated water in wastewater treatment using activated sludge, water purification treatment, and the like.

In recent years, wastewater treatment using activated sludge is a technology that replaces the conventional solid-liquid separation method using a sedimentation tank, so that multiple membrane modules are immersed in the treatment tank, and sludge and treated water are separated into solid and liquid using a filtration membrane. A membrane separation method is used. As a general apparatus used for this membrane separation method, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of, for example, two filtration membrane modules 32a and 32b are immersed in a vertical direction at a required interval in a treatment tank 31. And the membrane separator which solid-liquid-separates to-be-processed water with these filtration membrane modules 32a and 32b is known (refer patent document 1). In this membrane separator, filtration membrane modules 32 a and 32 b incorporated in the respective filtration units 32 and 32 are connected to a suction pipe 35 having a suction pump 34 interposed via a branch pipe 33. And the stirring blade 37 provided with the drive motor 36 is arrange | positioned under the filtration membrane modules 32a and 32b, and the air blowing pipe | tube 39 which interposed the blower 38 from the upper side of the process tank 31 is each filtration unit 32. , 32 communicate with the lower side. The raw water supplied from the raw water supply pipe 40 to the treatment tank 31 becomes an activated sludge mixed solution in the treatment tank 31, and this treated water is fed into the suction pipe 35 by the suction pump 34 through the filtration membrane modules 32a and 32b. The permeated water that has been sucked and separated into solid and liquid is treated water. Then, the air blown out from the air blowing pipe 39 is entrained in the stirring flow by the stirring blade 37 to become small bubbles, rises along the film surface, and the entire film surface is washed.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-24832 (Page 2)

  However, even if the bubble cleaning means as described above is provided, as the operating time of the membrane separation device elapses, the suspended matter or fibrous contaminants adhere to the membrane surfaces of the filtration membrane modules 32a and 32b. Deposition is unavoidable, and when such adhesion / deposition occurs, the effective film area decreases. Therefore, it is usual to interrupt the operation as appropriate to perform film cleaning.

  By the way, in the membrane separation method in which the water to be treated is sucked in series by the suction pipe 35 through the branch pipe 33 as described above, the suction distance from the suction pump 34 between the filtration membrane module 32a and the filtration membrane module 32b. Since (pipe distance) is different, the suction force of the water to be treated on the membrane surfaces of both filtration membrane modules 32a and 32b is also different, and the filtration membrane module 32b close to the suction pump 34 has a larger suction amount of the water to be treated. Become. For this reason, the amount of adhesion / deposition on the membrane surface of suspended substances and contaminants in the water to be treated increases, and the amount of adhesion / deposition on the membrane surface of the filtration membrane module 32a and the filtration membrane module 32b, that is, progress of clogging. The speed is uneven. Such a phenomenon becomes more prominent as the number of the filtration membrane modules increases, and the difference in the adhesion / deposition amount between the filtration membrane module closest to the suction pump and the farthest filtration membrane module becomes larger. For this reason, it is necessary to perform membrane cleaning according to the filtration membrane module with the largest amount of adhesion / deposition. Compared to the case where suspended substances and contaminants adhere and deposit on average between the filtration membrane modules, The cleaning interval of the membrane surface is shortened, and the membrane life is shortened in a filtration membrane module having a large amount of adhesion / deposition. Furthermore, since the suction resistance in the filtration membrane module with a large amount of adhesion / deposition is increased, the pump power required for suction is also increased. Due to the occurrence of such problems, the treatment efficiency of the membrane separation device decreases, and the water treatment cost increases.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to perform solid-liquid separation of water to be treated in the water treatment process, such as wastewater treatment such as activated sludge treatment, by an immersion type membrane separation device in which a plurality of filtration membrane modules are arranged. An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane separation apparatus and a membrane separation method that eliminate unevenness in the amount of adhesion / deposition of membrane surfaces between filtration membrane modules, optimize membrane cleaning intervals, and improve processing efficiency.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration.

  That is, the membrane separation apparatus according to claim 1 includes a plurality of filtration membrane modules immersed in a water treatment tank and a permeated water pipe provided with a suction means, and the filtration membrane module is directly or via a branch pipe. A membrane separator that is connected to the permeated water pipe and sucks the water to be treated in the water treatment tank by the suction means and permeates the filtration membrane module to obtain treated water, each of the plurality of filtration membrane modules and The branch pipe and / or the permeated water pipe are arranged so that the pipe resistance between the suction means becomes equal.

  In this way, the pressure loss due to pipe friction and direction change in the piping system between each filtration membrane module and the suction means becomes equivalent, so that the suction force of the water to be treated is approximately equal between the filtration membrane modules. Thus, there is no difference in the flow rate of permeated water that permeates the filtration membrane module, that is, the flow rate of the treated water, and the amount of suspended substances and impurities attached to the membrane surface of the filtration membrane module. Thereby, in each filtration membrane module, the dispersion | variation in the film | membrane washing | cleaning space | interval by adhesion and deposition to the said film surface is eliminated, and film | membrane cleaning timing can be arranged. Further, it is possible to prevent an increase in the frequency of membrane cleaning and a decrease in the processing efficiency of the apparatus. In addition, the suspension / contamination of suspended substances and contaminants in the water to be treated is not biased to some filtration membrane modules, so it is possible to prevent the filtration membrane module from becoming too short, and the water treatment cost is also reduced. It is advantageous.

  The membrane separation apparatus according to a second aspect is characterized in that the pipe resistance is made equal by aligning the pipe distance and pipe diameter between the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the suction means. Here, the pipe distance is equal, in addition to the pipe distance (pipe length) between each filtration membrane module and the suction means being equal, between each membrane module and the suction means, for example, pipe friction, direction change, etc. This includes the case where fluctuations in pressure drop (loss head) due to can be considered to be substantially equal within an allowable range.

  If it does in this way, the said piping resistance can be made equal easily.

  The membrane separation apparatus according to claim 3 is configured such that a plurality of adjacent filtration membrane modules of the filtration membrane module are connected by a branch pipe to form a filtration membrane module body, and each of the filtration membrane module bodies is further connected by a branch pipe. In addition, the piping distances between the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the suction means are made equal.

  If the filtration membrane module body is formed in this way, this filtration module body can be further connected by a branch pipe to equalize the piping distances regardless of whether the number of filtration membrane modules is even or odd. In addition, as the number of the filtration membrane modules which form a filtration membrane module body, 2-4 are desirable.

  The membrane separation apparatus according to a fourth aspect is characterized in that the filtration membrane modules are arranged in an even number, and these filtration membrane modules are connected in a draw shape of a tournament.

  In this way, if an even number of filtration membrane modules are arranged, a filtration membrane module body formed by connecting two or three adjacent filtration membrane modules with a branch pipe, and a tournament draw with a branch pipe (combination table) The pipe distances can be easily equalized. The number of filtration membrane modules arranged is more preferably an integer power of 2 in order to easily form the filtration membrane module body in a tournament draw shape.

  In the membrane separation device according to claim 5, the filtration membrane module is connected to permeate pipes radially arranged from the suction means, and the pipe resistances between the filtration membrane modules and the suction means are equalized. Features.

  By arranging the filtration membrane module in this way, each filtration membrane module and the suction means can be directly connected to the permeated water pipe without going through the branch pipe, and the pipe resistance, that is, the suction resistance is reduced, and suction is performed. Since the required pump power is reduced, it is advantageous in terms of water treatment cost. Moreover, when the shape of the water treatment tank is formed in a circular shape due to restrictions on the layout or the like, the arrangement of the filtration membrane module is desirable.

  The membrane separation apparatus according to claim 6 is characterized in that the filtration membrane module is a hollow fiber membrane module.

  The hollow fiber membrane module has a feature that a larger membrane area can be taken compared to the flat membrane module. As described above, the adhesion / deposition can be achieved by keeping the pipe resistance between the membrane modules equal between the membrane modules. It is possible to eliminate the amount variation.

  In the membrane separation method according to claim 7, a plurality of filtration membrane modules are immersed in a water treatment tank, suction means is provided in a permeated water pipe, and the permeated water pipe is directly connected to the permeated water pipe via the branch pipe. A membrane separation method for obtaining treated water by sucking the water to be treated in the water treatment tank by the suction means and permeating the filtration membrane module, and between the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the suction means The branch water and / or permeate water pipes are arranged so that the pipe resistances of the pipes are equal, and the water to be treated is sucked.

  In this invention, since the piping system was formed so that the piping resistance between each of the plurality of filtration membrane modules installed in the water treatment tank such as the activated sludge treatment tank and the suction means became equal, each filtration membrane The suction force of the water to be treated is substantially uniform among the modules, and there is no difference in the flow rate of the permeated water of each filtration membrane module and the amount of suspended substances and contaminants deposited and deposited on the membrane surface. This eliminates variations in the membrane cleaning interval due to adhesion / deposition of each filtration membrane module, prevents an increase in the frequency of membrane cleaning, prevents a decrease in processing efficiency of the apparatus, and reduces the lifetime of the membrane module. The decrease can also be prevented, which is advantageous in terms of water treatment cost. Furthermore, it is possible to optimally arrange the filtration membrane module corresponding to the shape of the water treatment tank and capable of reducing the suction power cost.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a membrane separator immersed and installed in a wastewater treatment tank. In the wastewater treatment tank (biological treatment tank) 1, for example, four hollow fiber membrane modules 2 a to 2 d are immersed and arranged in series at a required interval in the vertical direction as filtration membrane modules. The hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2d are, as an example, a hollow bundle of a predetermined number of hollow fiber membranes 11 as proposed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-200903 (see FIG. 2 (a)). The thread membrane bundle 12 is radially connected to the upper and lower cylindrical fixing portions 14 and 15 of the membrane module F so that the adhering matter to the membrane surface easily flows out during membrane cleaning. (See FIG. 2 (b)) and fixedly formed. The upper fixing portion 14 is provided with a water collection chamber 16 and a permeate extraction port 17 at the center of the upper portion. The part 15 is provided with an air supply pipe 8 for air scrubbing (bubble cleaning), and bubbles are introduced from the air introduction hole 18 so that an upward flow of water to be treated is formed on the membrane surface.

  The hollow fiber membrane modules 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are the permeated water extraction ports 17 provided at the upper portions of the branch pipes 4 and 4 having the same inner diameter with the same vertical pipe distance (pipe length). Are connected to form filtration membrane module bodies, that is, hollow fiber membrane module bodies 3a and 3b. The branch pipes 4 and 4 are connected to each other in the form of a tournament draw (combination table) in the middle of the horizontal connection portion h, and are further connected to the branch pipe 4a with equal vertical pipe distances. A permeated water pipe 5 is connected to the middle of the horizontal connecting portion ha of the branch pipe 4a, and a suction pump 6 serving as a suction means is interposed in the permeated water pipe 5. Air scrubbing air supply pipes 8 with blowers 7 interposed are respectively connected to the lower sides of the hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2d. And the diffuser 9 for aeration is installed in the bottom part of the waste water treatment tank 1, and the sewage supply pipe | tube 10 is arrange | positioned at the upper part.

  The sewage supplied from the sewage supply pipe 10 is mixed with the activated sludge in the waste water treatment tank 1 to be treated water. The treated water is aerated by the air supplied from the air diffuser 9 and purified by the activated sludge. It is processed. The water to be treated is sucked by the suction pump 6, passes through the membrane surface, and is extracted from the inside of the hollow fiber membrane 11 to the permeated water pipe 5 through the branch pipe 4. The membrane surface is subjected to air scrubbing cleaning by an upward flow along the membrane surface of air supplied from the blower 7 through the air supply pipe 8, but sludge on the membrane surface due to suction of water to be treated, etc. It is not possible to eliminate adhesion and accumulation of suspended solids and impurities.

  In the membrane separation device, the hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2d are arranged so that the pipe distance (pipe length), the pipe diameter, and the pipe connection means with the suction pump 6 are equal, that is, by pipe friction and direction change. Since they are connected by the branch pipes 4 and 4a and the permeate pipe 5 so that the pressure drops are equal, there is no difference in adhesion / deposition to the film surface accompanying suction of the water to be treated. For this reason, variations in the membrane cleaning interval such as the membrane cleaning interval of the membrane module closest to the suction pump 6 are eliminated, and the membrane cleaning of each of the membrane modules 2a to 2d can be performed simultaneously at a necessary timing. Note that, as described above, the piping distance between the hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2d and the suction pump 6 is allowed to vary in pressure drop (loss head) due to pipe friction and direction change at each piping distance as described above. It shall be included within the range, for example, within 20%, which can be regarded as being substantially equal. Further, the pressure drop (loss head) due to pipe friction or direction change is calculated based on a pressure drop formula due to pipe friction or a formula representing loss due to flow direction change, which is generally used in hydrodynamics. Can do.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. In the waste water treatment tank 1, eight hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2h are immersed and installed in the longitudinal direction in series at a required interval as filtration membrane modules. ing. The hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2d and 2e to 2h are connected to the permeate extraction port 17 (see FIG. 2A) at the upper part thereof by branch pipes 4 having the same inner diameter and equal vertical pipe distances. Thus, four filtration membrane module bodies, that is, hollow fiber membrane module bodies 3a to 3d are formed. The branch pipes 4 are connected to each other at the middle of the horizontal connecting portion h by branch pipes 4a and 4a having the same inner diameter with equal vertical pipe distances. Further, the branch pipes 4a and 4a are connected horizontally. In the middle of the direction connection portion ha, the vertical pipe distance is made equal and connected to the branch pipe 4b, and the permeate pipe 5 is connected to the middle of the horizontal connection portion hb of the branch pipe 4b. The membrane modules 2a to 2h are connected to the suction pump 6 through branch pipes 4, 4a and 4b and a permeate pipe 5 connected in a form like a tournament draw (combination table). Even if it does in this way, the piping resistance between each membrane module 2a-2h and the suction pump 6 can be made equal.

  The hollow fiber membrane modules shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 are not necessarily limited to the one-row arrangement. For example, depending on the shape of the wastewater treatment tank, the hollow fiber membrane modules shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and (b) As shown in a plan view, the four hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2d and the eight hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2h can be arranged in two rows. In the case of FIG. 4 (a), hollow fiber membrane modules 2a and 2b, 2c and 2d are connected symmetrically by branch pipes 4 and 4 having the same inner diameter and the same pipe distance (pipe length). After forming the body, the branch pipe 4a is connected to the middle of each of the branch pipes 4, 4, and further connected to the suction pump 6 via the permeate pipe 5 connected to the middle of the branch pipe 4a. The pipe resistances of the membrane modules 2a to 2d and the suction pump 6 can be made equal. Similarly, in the case of FIG. 4 (b), the branch pipes 4b and 4a having the same inner diameter and the same pipe distance, and the branch pipes 4b connected to the middle of the branch pipes 4a and 4a, and the middle of the branch pipe 4b are used. The pipe resistances of the membrane modules 2 a to 2 h and the suction pump 6 can be made equal through the connected permeate pipe 5. Further, in FIG. 1, the membrane modules 2a and 2b, and 2c and 2d are respectively skewed, and in FIG. 3, the membrane modules 2a to 2d and 2e to 2h are respectively skewed, and the branch pipe and the transmission It is also possible to connect the hollow fiber membrane modules and the suction pump 6 with equal pipe resistances through the water pipes.

  FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another embodiment. In the wastewater treatment tank, three hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2f as filtration membrane modules are vertically arranged in two rows. It is immersed and installed at the required intervals in the direction. The hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2c and 2d to 2f are first connected by the branch pipes 4 directed obliquely upward with the same inner diameter and pipe distance (pipe length), respectively, and the two hollow fiber membrane module bodies 3a and 3b are connected. Is formed. Next, the hollow fiber membrane module bodies 3a and 3b are connected by a branch pipe 4a, and the hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2f are respectively connected to the suction pump 6 via a permeate pipe 5 connected in the middle of the branch pipe 4a. It is connected. In this way, the pipe resistances of the hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2f and the suction pump 6 can be equalized with a simple piping system even if the number of installed hollow fiber membrane modules is not an integer power of two. The hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2c and 2d to 2f can be connected to each other by a horizontal branch pipe 4 to form two hollow fiber membrane module bodies 3a and 3b.

  FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the number of hollow fiber membrane modules is an odd number. The five hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2e are divided into three membrane modules 2a, 2b, 2c, and two Membrane module bodies 3a and 3b can be formed by connecting membrane modules 2d and 2e with branch pipes 4 having the same inner diameter and the same length and directed obliquely upward. And this membrane module body 3a, 3b is further connected by the branch pipe 4a, and the pipe resistance of each membrane module 2a-2e and the suction pump 6 is connected through the permeate pipe 5 connected in the middle of this branch pipe 4a. It is possible to be equal. In this case, it is desirable to arrange the membrane module body 3a composed of the three membrane modules 2a to 2c on the upstream side in the waste water treatment tank into which sewage flows. As in the case of FIG. 5, the hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2c, 2d and 2e may be connected by the horizontal branch pipe 4 to form two hollow fiber membrane module bodies 3a and 3b. Is possible.

  FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the hollow fiber membrane modules 2 a to 2 e are connected from the suction pump 6 to the permeate pipes 5 arranged radially. The five hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2e are branched from the suction port of the suction pump 6 and connected to the permeated water pipes 5 having the same inner diameter and the same length, which are radially arranged. The piping resistance between the pumps 6 is made equal. The hollow fiber membrane modules 2a to 2e are thus preferably arranged in a circle around the suction pump 6, and this circular arrangement allows the filtration membrane modules 2a to 2e and the suction pump 6 to be branched. Since the pipe resistance can be made equal by connecting directly without intervening, the pipe resistance itself is lowered and the power of the suction pump 6 is reduced, which is advantageous in terms of water treatment cost. In addition, when the circular waste water treatment tank 1 is installed due to layout restrictions, the suspended / adherent substances and contaminants in the treated water adhere to and accumulate on the membrane surfaces of the filtration membrane modules 2a to 2e. From the viewpoint of eliminating the difference in amount, such a circular arrangement of the filtration membrane modules is preferable. In addition, each permeated water pipe | tube 5 can be arrange | positioned in diagonally upward or horizontal direction seeing from the filtration membrane modules 2a-2e.

  As another form of arranging the hollow fiber membrane modules in a circular shape, as shown in a plan view in FIG. 8, a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 2a, 2b, and 2c are arranged in an arc shape so that the pipe resistance becomes equal. In this way, the permeate pipe 5 having the same inner diameter and the same length can be connected to the suction pump 6. Such an arcuate arrangement is effective when the water treatment tank needs to be bent and installed due to layout restrictions.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view showing another embodiment in which hollow fiber membrane modules are arranged in a circular shape. The four filtration membrane modules 2a to 2e are first connected by the branch pipes 4 having the same inner diameter and the same length to form the filtration membrane module bodies 3a to 3e. The filtration membrane module bodies 3a to 3e are connected to the suction pump 6. Circumferentially arranged around and connected by permeate pipes 5 having the same inner diameter and the same length arranged radially from the suction pump 6, the pipe resistance between the filtration membrane modules 2 a to 2 e and the suction pump 6 is equal. is doing. In addition, each said permeated water pipe | tube 5 can be arrange | positioned in any of diagonally upward or horizontal direction from the filtration membrane module bodies 3a-3e. If it does in this way, piping resistance can be made equal and the arrangement density of a filtration membrane module can be raised, and it becomes possible to cope with the enlargement of a water treatment tank.

  In addition, the form of the pipe connection which makes equal the pipe resistance of each hollow fiber membrane module and the suction pump that are immersed in the wastewater treatment tank is not necessarily limited to the above-described form. The means for sucking the water to be treated through the hollow fiber membrane is not necessarily limited to the suction pump. For example, the water collection chamber 16 and the permeate extraction port 17 (see FIG. 2A) are hollow. The permeated water pipe 5 provided on the lower side of the thread membrane module and connected to the permeated water extraction port 17 can be disposed on the lower side of the hollow fiber membrane module and sucked by the head difference to obtain permeated water. .

  Moreover, although the said embodiment was applied to the waste water treatment tank for biologically treating sewage using activated sludge, it is not limited to this, Three types of sewage treatment, leachate treatment, industrial water It can also be applied to water purification treatments, water purification treatments that produce drinking water from river water, lake water, and the like. Moreover, although the hollow fiber membrane was used as a filtration membrane in the said embodiment, it is not limited to this, A flat membrane is applicable.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the membrane separator of embodiment of this invention. (A) It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a hollow fiber membrane module. (B) It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of a hollow fiber membrane bundle. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. (A), (b) It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. (A), (b) It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. It is explanatory drawing (plan view) which shows the structure of the membrane separator of other embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the activated sludge processing apparatus using the membrane separator of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste water treatment tank 2a-2h ... Hollow fiber membrane module 3a, 3b ... Hollow fiber membrane module body 4, 4a, 4b ... Branch pipe h, ha, hb ... Connection part 5 .... Permeate pipe 6 ... Suction pump 7 ... Blower 8 ... Air supply pipe 9 ... Air diffuser 10 ... Sewage supply pipe 11 ... Hollow fiber membrane 11a ... Upper end 12 ... hollow fiber membrane bundle 13 ... adhesive 14 ... upper fixing part 15 ... lower fixing part 16 ... water collection chamber 17 ... permeate extraction port 18 ... air introduction hole F ... Hollow fiber membrane modules

Claims (7)

  A plurality of filtration membrane modules immersed in a water treatment tank and a permeated water pipe provided with suction means are provided, and the filtration membrane module is connected to the permeated water pipe via a branch pipe or directly, by the suction means. A membrane separation device that sucks water to be treated in a water treatment tank and obtains treated water by permeating the filtration membrane module so that pipe resistances between the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the suction means become equal. A membrane separation apparatus comprising the branch pipe and / or the permeate pipe.   2. The membrane separation device according to claim 1, wherein the pipe resistance is equalized by aligning a pipe distance and a pipe diameter between the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the suction unit.   A plurality of adjacent filtration membrane modules of the filtration membrane module are connected by a branch pipe to form a filtration membrane module body, each of the filtration membrane module bodies is further connected by a branch pipe, and each of the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the 3. The membrane separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piping distance between the suction means is equal.   The membrane separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filtration membrane modules are arranged in an even number, and the filtration membrane modules are connected in a draw shape of a tournament.   3. The filtration membrane module is connected to permeate pipes arranged radially from the suction means, and the pipe resistance between each filtration membrane module and the suction means is equalized. Membrane separator.   The membrane separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the filtration membrane module is a hollow fiber membrane module. A plurality of filtration membrane modules are immersed in a water treatment tank, suction means is provided in the permeated water pipe, the filtration membrane module is connected to the permeated water pipe via a branch pipe or directly, and water treatment is performed by the suction means. A membrane separation method for obtaining treated water by sucking water to be treated in a tank and allowing filtration membrane modules to permeate, wherein the branching is performed so that pipe resistances between the plurality of filtration membrane modules and the suction means are equal. A membrane separation method, wherein a pipe and / or a permeate pipe are provided to suck the water to be treated.

Images