JP2006200555A - Channel switching valve and air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

A flow path switching valve suitable for use in an in-vehicle air conditioner is simplified in configuration by reducing piping and the like, and is less likely to cause valve leakage while realizing energy saving.
A cylinder 2 is attached to a housing such as a compressor. A high pressure valve chamber RH, a first switching valve chamber R1, a low pressure valve chamber RL, and a second switching valve chamber R2 are formed in the cylinder 2 so as to communicate vertically. The sub valve 4 opens and closes the refrigerant passage 33 of the main valve body 3. At the upper end position of the main valve body 3, high-pressure refrigerant flows through the high-pressure valve chamber RH → refrigerant passage 33 → second switching valve chamber R2, and low-pressure refrigerant flows through the low-pressure valve chamber RL → first switching valve chamber R1. The position of the main valve body 3 is held by the high pressure of the second switching valve chamber R2. At the lower end position, the high-pressure refrigerant flows from the high-pressure valve chamber RH to the first switching valve chamber R1, and the low-pressure refrigerant flows from the low-pressure valve chamber RL to the second switching valve chamber R2. The position of the main valve body 3 is held by the high pressure of the first switching valve chamber R1.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a flow path switching valve used in a heat pump refrigeration cycle and an air conditioner using the flow path switching valve.

  Conventionally, this type of flow path switching valve is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-219308. The flow path switching valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-219308 has a high pressure refrigerant inflow pipe, a low pressure refrigerant delivery pipe, an outdoor exchanger communication pipe, and an indoor exchanger communication pipe arranged side by side on the side of the cylinder section. A rod-shaped switching valve is inserted therein so as to be movable back and forth in the axial direction of the cylinder portion. Further, a permanent magnet is attached to the upper end of the switching valve, and the switching valve is moved by two electromagnetic coils around the permanent magnet.

In the first mode, the high-pressure refrigerant inflow pipe is connected to the outdoor exchanger communication pipe via the side of the switching valve, and the indoor exchanger communication pipe is connected to the low-pressure refrigerant delivery pipe via the side of the switching valve. In the second mode, the high-pressure refrigerant inflow pipe is connected to the indoor exchanger communication pipe through the side of the switching valve, and the outdoor exchanger communication pipe is sent to the low-pressure refrigerant through the refrigerant passage in the switching valve. The positional relationship between the two valve portions, the communication pipe, and the valve seat is set so as to conduct to the pipe.
JP-A-8-219308

  However, the flow path switching valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-219308 has a problem that it is necessary to control the energization of the two electromagnetic coils, which complicates the control circuit and increases the cost of the control circuit. Further, since the position of the switching valve is held only by the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil and the permanent magnet, the load applied to the switching valve is small, and valve leakage may occur, resulting in a reduction in system efficiency. In order to prevent this valve leakage, it is necessary to supply a large amount of current to the electromagnetic coil, which is problematic in terms of energy saving and leaves room for improvement. Note that the flow path switching valve disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-219308 has a configuration in which a high-pressure refrigerant inflow pipe, a low-pressure refrigerant delivery pipe, an outdoor exchanger communication pipe, and an indoor exchanger communication pipe are arranged side by side on the cylinder portion. In addition, there are many pipes for the flow path switching valve around the flow path switching valve. For example, for use in a car air conditioner driven by the turning power of an in-vehicle engine, the pipe around the compressor is an obstacle. There is also a problem.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said situation, and makes it a subject to make it difficult to leak a valve, implement | achieving energy saving.

  The flow path switching valve according to claim 1 is a high pressure valve chamber into which high-pressure refrigerant is introduced, a first switching valve chamber communicated with a heat exchanger, a low-pressure valve chamber for deriving low-pressure refrigerant, and a first fluid communication with a heat exchanger. In the order of the two switching valve chambers, a cylinder formed by communicating each valve chamber in the axial direction, and inserted into the cylinder so as to be capable of reciprocating in the axial direction and arranged from the high pressure valve chamber to the second switching valve chamber. A main valve body provided with a first valve portion and a second valve portion, each of which has a partly increased diameter on a cylindrical side surface at the first switching valve chamber and the second switching valve chamber. A refrigerant passage that allows the high-pressure valve chamber and the second switching valve chamber to conduct, a sub-valve that opens and closes the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage, and the main valve body is moved in the axial direction. A drive unit, and the first valve unit seals the high-pressure valve chamber side of the first switching valve chamber according to the movement position of the main valve body. A first state in which the low pressure valve chamber side is opened and the second valve portion seals the low pressure valve chamber side of the second switching valve chamber, and the first valve portion is the low pressure valve of the first switching valve chamber. The chamber side is sealed and the high pressure valve chamber side is opened, and the second state can be changed between two states, the second state in which the second valve portion opens the low pressure valve chamber side of the second switching valve chamber. The sub-valve is in the first state with the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage open, and the sub-valve is in the second state with the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage closed, and the refrigerant passage in the first state The position of the main valve body is held by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant supplied to the second switching valve chamber via the first pressure valve, and is supplied from the high-pressure valve chamber to the first switching valve chamber via the first valve portion in the second state. The position of the main valve body is held by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant that is generated.

  The flow path switching valve according to claim 2 is the flow path switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the main valve body penetrates from the high pressure valve chamber side to the second switching valve chamber side in the axial direction of the main valve body. The refrigerant passage is formed by a passage to be performed.

  A flow path switching valve according to a third aspect is the flow path switching valve according to the first or second aspect, wherein the driving direction of the auxiliary valve is coaxial with the moving direction of the main valve element.

  The flow path switching valve according to claim 4 is the flow path switching valve according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the sub valve has a pilot port penetrating in the axial direction of the main valve body and the main valve body. The main valve body is urged in a direction away from the valve body, and the main valve body is urged so that the second valve portion seals the low pressure valve chamber side of the second switching valve chamber. A pilot valve that opens and closes the pilot port of the valve on the side opposite to the main valve body, and is configured to move the sub valve and the main valve body by pressing the sub valve with the pilot valve; The pilot valve is closed by the pilot valve to be in the second state, and the pilot valve is opened by the pilot valve, so that the high pressure valve chamber and the second state are passed through the pilot port and the refrigerant passage. Equalizing the switching valve chamber and Characterized in that it releases the state.

  The flow path switching valve according to claim 5 is the flow path switching valve according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, and is a block-shaped housing provided adjacent to the high pressure space and the low pressure space of the compressor body. The housing has a cylinder insertion hole, a high pressure port passage that opens into the cylinder insertion hole and is connected to the high pressure valve chamber, a low pressure port passage that is connected to the low pressure valve chamber, and the first And two switching port passages respectively connected to the second switching valve chamber are formed in the housing itself by drilling in the housing, and the cylinder is inserted into the cylinder insertion hole. It is characterized by.

  An air conditioner according to a sixth aspect includes the flow path switching valve according to the first, second, third, fourth, or fifth aspect.

  2. The flow path switching valve according to claim 1, wherein a first switching valve chamber and a second switching valve chamber are formed on both sides of the low pressure valve chamber, and the first and second valve portions are respectively disposed in the first and second switching valve chambers. Has been. A transition is performed between the first state and the second state by moving the main valve body in the drive unit. In the first state where the auxiliary valve opens the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage, the position of the main valve body is maintained by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant supplied to the second switching valve chamber via the refrigerant passage. In the second state in which the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage is closed, the position of the main valve body is maintained by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the high-pressure valve chamber to the first switching valve chamber via the first valve portion. . The refrigerant passage allows the high-pressure valve chamber and the second switching valve chamber to be electrically connected, and the refrigerant passage is preferably configured as in claim 2. And may be formed in parallel.

  In the flow path switching valve according to claim 2, a refrigerant passage is formed in the axial direction in the main valve body, so that it is easy to configure the refrigerant passage and no extra passage is required around the cylinder.

  In the flow path switching valve according to claim 3, since the driving direction of the sub valve is coaxial with the moving direction of the main valve body, the operation of the sub valve and the main valve body is facilitated, and the size of the operating portion is compact. Can be.

  In the flow path switching valve according to claim 4, the auxiliary valve and the main valve body are urged in a direction opposite to a direction in which the pilot valve of the drive unit presses the auxiliary valve. When the driving unit closes the pilot port of the sub valve with the pilot valve and further presses the sub valve against the urging force in the direction opposite to the direction of pressing the sub valve, the sub valve and the main valve body move. Accordingly, the first valve portion seals the low pressure valve chamber side of the first switching valve chamber and opens the high pressure valve chamber side to enter the second state. When the driving unit opens the pilot port with the pilot valve, the high pressure valve chamber and the second switching valve chamber are pressure-equalized through the pilot port and the refrigerant passage, and the second switching valve chamber becomes high pressure, and the urging force is increased. As a result, the main valve body moves and the second state is released. Note that the drive unit can have a simple configuration in which a plunger equipped with a pilot valve is driven by an electromagnetic coil.

  In the flow path switching valve according to claim 5, the housing has a block shape, and a cylinder fitting insertion hole, a high pressure port passage, a low pressure port passage, and two switching port passages are formed in the housing. The low pressure port passage and the high pressure port passage of the housing are respectively connected to the low pressure space and the high pressure space of the compressor body. The cylinder insertion hole and each passage are formed by the housing itself, and there is no pipe for the flow path switching valve around the flow path switching valve. Further, since the flow path switching valve can be configured by inserting the cylinder into the cylinder fitting insertion hole of the housing, the manufacture becomes easy.

  In the air conditioner of claim 6, the effect of the flow path switching valve of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is achieved.

  According to the flow path switching valve of the first aspect, the position of the main valve body is held by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant in the switching valve chamber. Can be difficult.

  According to the flow path switching valve of the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the refrigerant passage can be easily configured, and an extra passage is not required around the cylinder, so that it can be made compact.

  According to the flow path switching valve of the third aspect, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect, the driving direction of the sub valve is coaxial with the moving direction of the main valve body. The operation becomes easy and the size of the operation part can be made compact.

  According to the flow path switching valve of the fourth aspect, in addition to the effect of the first, second, or third aspect, the transition from the second state to the first state can be easily made only by the operation of the pilot valve by the drive unit. The operation provides energy savings and simplifies control.

  According to the flow path switching valve of the fifth aspect, in addition to the effect of the first, second, third, or fourth aspect, it is possible to reduce the outer flow path switching valve pipe for the flow path switching valve as much as possible. Since the flow path switching valve can be configured by inserting the cylinder into the cylinder fitting insertion hole, the manufacture becomes easy.

  According to the air conditioner of the sixth aspect, the same effect as that of the first, second, third, fourth or fifth aspect can be obtained.

  Next, embodiments of a flow path switching valve and an air conditioner according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a flow path switching valve according to an embodiment of the present invention and a perspective view of a main valve element guide, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a housing showing a cylinder fitting insertion hole of the flow path switching valve. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor with a flow path switching valve using the same flow path switching valve during cooling operation, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor with the flow path switching valve during heating operation, and FIG. The figure which shows the switching process of heating operation, FIG. 6 is a figure which shows the refrigerating cycle of the air conditioner using the compressor with the flow-path switching valve. 3 to 5, in order to make the drawings easy to understand, a part of the portion to which another member is integrally fixed is shown as a schematic diagram in which a part thereof is integrally shown by the same oblique line. Moreover, the compression part 10 of the compressor main body 100 is the same as the conventional one, and a part thereof is shown in a simplified manner. In the following description, the vertical direction in the figure will be described as the vertical direction of the flow path switching valve and the compressor.

  The compressor of this embodiment is an in-vehicle compressor, and the refrigeration cycle in FIG. 6 constitutes an in-vehicle air conditioner. The compressor main body 100 includes a compression unit 10 and a housing 1. A C port (opening) 14 and an E port 15 which will be described later are formed in the housing 1, and the refrigeration cycle is configured by connecting the C port 14 to the outdoor unit 20, capillary 30, indoor unit 40 and E port 15 by piping. Has been. During the cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor body 100 circulates from the C port 14 → the outdoor unit 20 → the capillary 30 → the indoor unit 40 → the E port 15, and the outdoor unit 20 is a condenser and the indoor unit 40 is evaporated. It functions as a vessel and cools the passenger compartment. Further, during the heating operation, the refrigerant is circulated in reverse, the indoor unit 40 functions as a condenser, and the outdoor unit 20 functions as an evaporator, thereby heating the vehicle interior. “C” and “E” of the C port 14 and the E port 15 are names based on the cooling operation.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the compression unit 10 is configured by sealing a cylindrical front case 10a with a valve seat 10b, and in the front case 10a, a cylinder block 10c, a drive shaft 10d, and a swinging member are formed. A moving plate 10e is accommodated. A cylinder bore 10f is formed in the cylinder block 10c, and a piston 10g is disposed in the cylinder bore 10f. The piston 10g is connected to a swing plate 10e, and the swing plate 10e is swingably attached to the drive shaft 10d. Further, a discharge passage 10h and a suction passage 10i are formed in the valve seat 10b. The discharge passage 10h is opened and closed by a discharge valve 10j, and the suction passage 10i is opened and closed by a suction valve 10k.

  With the above configuration, when the rotational power of an in-vehicle engine (not shown) is transmitted to the drive shaft 10d via the pulley 10p and the drive shaft 10d rotates, the swing plate 10e swings and the piston 10g reciprocates within the cylinder bore 10f. To do. Thereby, the suction of the refrigerant gas from the suction passage 10i and the discharge of the refrigerant gas from the discharge passage 10h are repeated. In addition, the driving capability of the compression unit 10 is controlled by controlling the inclination angle of the swing plate 10e.

  A housing 1 is attached to the valve seat 10b. The housing 1 is a member made of a metal material by die casting, cutting, or the like, and has a substantially cylindrical shape that matches the outer periphery of the front case 10a and the valve seat 10b. The housing 1 has a ring-shaped outer wall 1A, a partition wall 1B formed in a ring shape concentrically with the outer wall 1A inside the outer wall 1A, and an end portion of the drive shaft 10d at the center inside the partition wall 1B. The bearing portion 1C is integrally molded. The space between the outer wall 1A and the partition wall 1B is a high pressure space sp1, the space inside the partition wall 1B is a low pressure space sp2, the discharge passage 10h is opened in the high pressure space sp1, and the suction passage 10i is formed in the low pressure space sp2. It is open. The housing 1 is formed with a substantially cylindrical cylinder insertion hole 1D extending from the upper part of the housing 1 in a direction perpendicular to the drive shaft 10d in the compression section 10, and the cylinder insertion insertion hole 1D is shown in FIG. The cylinder 2 of the valve body shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the valve body has a cylinder 2, a main valve body 3, a sub valve 4, and a drive unit 5. The cylinder 2 is composed of an upper ring member 21, a middle ring member 22, a lower ring member 23, and a bottom cover 24, each of which has a substantially ring shape, and the upper half of the middle ring member 22 has an outer diameter larger than that of the upper ring member 21. The lower half of the middle annular member 22 has a smaller outer diameter than the upper half, and the lower annular member 23 has a smaller outer diameter than the lower half of the middle annular member 22. The upper end of the middle annular member 22 is fitted to the lower end of the upper annular member 21, and the middle annular member 22 is fitted and fixed to the upper annular member 21 by crimping the caulking portion 21 a. Further, the upper end of the lower annular member 23 is fitted to the lower end of the middle annular member 22, and the lower annular member 23 is fitted and fixed to the middle annular member 22 by caulking the caulking portion 22 a. Further, a bottom lid 24 is screwed and sealed to the lower end of the lower annular member 23.

  The upper annular member 21 has a cylindrical high-pressure valve chamber RH formed therein, and a conduction portion 2a that conducts the high-pressure valve chamber RH to the outer periphery. A cylindrical first switching valve chamber R1 and a low-pressure valve chamber RL are formed in the middle annular member 22 in the vertical direction, and conducting portions that respectively connect the first switching valve chamber R1 and the low-pressure valve chamber RL to the outer periphery. 2b and 2c are formed. A cylindrical second switching valve chamber R2 is formed in the lower annular member 23, and a conducting portion 2d that conducts the second switching valve chamber R2 to the outer periphery is formed. In addition, O-rings 21b and 21c are arranged at two locations on the outer circumference of the upper annular member 21, and an O-ring 22d is arranged between the conducting portion 2b and the conducting portion 2c on the outer circumference of the middle annular member 22. The O-ring 23b is disposed at one place on the lower annular member 23.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder fitting insertion hole 1 </ b> D has a shape that substantially matches the outer diameter of an integral shape that includes the upper annular member 21, the middle annular member 22, and the lower annular member 23 of the cylinder 2. A surface 11, a middle upper cylindrical surface 12U, a middle lower cylindrical surface 12D, and a lowermost cylindrical surface 13 are formed in order of decreasing inner diameter. A D-port passage (high-pressure port passage) 1a that opens into the high-pressure space sp1 is opened in the uppermost cylindrical surface 11, and an E-port passage (switching port) that leads to the E-port 15 is formed in the middle-upper cylindrical surface 12U. For use) 1b is opened. Further, an S port passage (low pressure port passage) 1c that opens to the low pressure space sp2 is opened in the middle and lower cylindrical surface 12D, and a C port passage (communication to the C port 14) is opened in the lowermost cylindrical surface 13. A switching port passage 1d is opened.

  When the cylinder 2 is inserted and accommodated in the cylinder insertion hole 1D, the O-rings 21b, 21c, 22d, and 23b are brought into pressure contact with the cylindrical surfaces 11, 12U, 12D, and 13, respectively. The first switching valve chamber R1, the low pressure valve chamber RL, and the second switching valve chamber R2 are sealed in the cylinder fitting insertion hole 1D. At this time, the conducting portion 2a of the high pressure valve chamber RH is coaxially opposed to the D port passage 1a, and the conducting portion 2b of the first switching valve chamber R1 is coaxially opposed to the E port passage 1b. The conducting portion 2c of the RL is coaxially opposed to the S port passage 1c, and the conducting portion 2d of the second switching valve chamber R2 is coaxially opposed to the C port passage 1d.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the cylinder 2 is structured to communicate from the high pressure valve chamber RH to the second switching valve chamber R2, but the lower portion of the upper annular member 21 is connected to the high pressure valve chamber RH and the first high pressure valve chamber RH. A ring-shaped high-pressure side valve seat 211 having a smaller inner diameter is formed at a portion between the switching valve chamber R1. Further, the central portion of the middle annular member 22 is a ring-shaped first low pressure valve seat 221 having a smaller inner diameter at a portion between the first switching valve chamber R1 and the low pressure valve chamber RL. Furthermore, the upper part of the lower annular member 23 is a ring-shaped second low-pressure valve seat 231 having a smaller inner diameter at a portion between the low-pressure valve chamber RL and the second switching valve chamber R2.

  The main valve body 3 has a cylindrical side surface and is disposed from the high-pressure valve chamber RH to the second switching valve chamber R2, and the diameter of the cylindrical side surface is partially increased in the portion of the first switching valve chamber R1. Thus, the first valve portion 31 is formed. Moreover, the 2nd valve part 32 in which the diameter of the column-shaped side part became large was formed by fixing a ring-shaped member to the lower end part used as the part of 2nd switching valve chamber R2 of the main valve body 3. . Further, the main valve body 3 is formed with a refrigerant passage 33 penetrating from the high-pressure valve chamber RH side to the second switching valve chamber R2 side in the axial direction by the internal space of the main valve body 3. Further, the main valve body 3 is pivotally supported by a main valve body guide 6 disposed in the low-pressure valve chamber RL, and the main valve body 3 can move up and down in the cylinder 2. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the main valve element guide 6 protrudes from a cylindrical guide part 61 that slidably passes through the columnar side surface of the main valve element 3 and four places around the guide part 61. The rib 62 is fixed to the low-pressure valve chamber RL. In the low-pressure valve chamber RL, the upper and lower portions of the main valve element guide 6 and the conducting portion 2c are always in communication via the ribs 62, 62.

  With the above configuration, the main valve body 3 moves up and down in the cylinder 2, and as shown in FIG. 1 (A), the first valve portion 31 contacts (sits) the high pressure side valve seat 211 and the second valve. When the portion 32 abuts (sits) the second low-pressure valve seat 231, the upper end position is reached, and when the first valve portion 31 abuts (sits) the first low-pressure valve seat 221, the lower end position is reached. In addition, a main valve body spring 34 that abuts against the bottom surface of the bottom cover 24 of the cylinder 2 is disposed in the second valve portion 32 of the main valve body 3. The valve body 3 is urged upward in FIG. That is, the main valve body 3 is configured so that the second valve portion 32 seals the low-pressure valve chamber RL side of the second switching valve chamber R2 and the first valve portion 31 is the high-pressure valve of the first switching valve chamber R1. It is urged to seal the chamber RH side.

  The sub-valve 4 is disposed on the upper portion of the main valve body 3, and a sub-valve spring 44 is disposed at the lower end of the sub-valve 4 so as to abut on the peripheral edge thereof and the bottom peripheral edge of the high pressure valve chamber RH. Has been. The sub-valve 4 includes a disc-shaped valve portion 41, a columnar shaft portion 42, and a cylindrical guide portion 43. The shaft portion 42 is fitted to the upper portion of the high-pressure valve chamber RH of the upper annular member 21. The plunger tube guide 51 is slidably disposed. In addition, a ring-shaped packing 4 a that contacts the upper end of the main valve body 3 is disposed on the bottom surface of the sub-valve 4, and is coaxial with the main valve body 3 and the cylinder 2 at the center of the sub-valve 4. Thus, a pilot port 4b penetrating vertically through the valve portion 41 and the shaft portion 42 is formed.

  The drive unit 5 is attached to the upper portion of the cylinder 2 by fixing one end of the plunger tube 52 to the plunger tube guide 51 and fitting the plunger tube guide 51 to the upper annular member 21. A plunger 53 is disposed in the plunger tube 52, and an electromagnetic coil 54 is disposed around the plunger 53. A plunger guide 55 is attached to the other end of the plunger tube 52, and the plunger 53 is biased toward the plunger guide 55 by a plunger spring 56. A pilot port valve 57 is attached to the tip of the plunger 53, and the pilot port valve 57 closes / opens the pilot port 4 b of the auxiliary valve 4 by energizing / deenergizing the electromagnetic coil 54. In addition, when the electromagnetic coil 54 is energized, the auxiliary valve 4 is pushed toward the main valve body 3 while the pilot port 4b is closed.

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIGS. First, suppose that it is in the 1st state at the time of the air_conditionaing | cooling operation of FIG. 3 is in the state shown in FIG. In this state, the high pressure valve chamber RH and the first switching valve chamber R1 are closed by the first valve portion 31 and the high pressure side valve seat 211, and the low pressure valve chamber RL and the second switching valve chamber R2 are the second valve portion 32. And the second low pressure valve seat 231. The high-pressure valve chamber RH and the second switching valve chamber R2 are electrically connected via the refrigerant passage 33 of the main valve body 3, and the low-pressure valve chamber RL and the first switching valve chamber R1 are inside the first low-pressure valve seat 221. Is conducted through. Therefore, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3, the high-pressure refrigerant is the high pressure space sp1 → D port passage 1a → conducting portion 2a → high pressure valve chamber RH → refrigerant passage 33 → second switching valve chamber R2 → conducting portion 2d. → C port passage 1d → C port 14 The low-pressure refrigerant flows in the order of E port 15 → E port passage 1b → conduction passage 2b → first switching valve chamber R1 → low pressure valve chamber RL → conduction portion 2c → S port passage 1c → low pressure space sp2. At this time, both the high-pressure valve chamber RH and the second switching valve chamber R2 have high pressure, but the diameter of the portion where the second valve portion 32 closes the second low-pressure valve seat 231 on the second switching valve chamber R2 side. Since this is larger than the diameter of the portion where the high pressure side valve seat 211 is closed by the first valve portion 31 on the high pressure valve chamber RH side, an upward load is applied to the main valve body 3. The position of is securely held.

  Next, when the electromagnetic coil 54 is energized, as shown in FIG. 5A, the pilot port valve 57 closes (closes) the pilot port 4b of the auxiliary valve 4, and the pilot port valve 57 pushes down the auxiliary valve 4. As shown in FIG. 5B, the auxiliary valve 4 closes (closes) the refrigerant passage 33 of the main valve body 3. As a result, the high pressure valve chamber RH and the second switching valve chamber R2 are closed, the pressure on the second switching valve chamber R2 side decreases, and a pressure difference is generated between the high pressure valve chamber RH and the second switching valve chamber R2. The main valve body 3 moves downward. And it will be in the state at the time of the heating operation of FIG.

  In the state of FIG. 4, the high pressure valve chamber RH and the second switching valve chamber R2 are closed by the auxiliary valve 4, and the low pressure valve chamber RL and the first switching valve chamber R1 are the first valve portion 31 and the first low pressure valve. It is closed by the seat 221. The high-pressure valve chamber RH and the first switching valve chamber R1 are electrically connected via the inside of the high-pressure side valve seat 211, and the low-pressure valve chamber RL and the second switching valve chamber R2 pass through the inside of the second low-pressure valve seat 231. Through. Therefore, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 4, the high-pressure refrigerant is the high pressure space sp1 → D port passage 1a → conduction portion 2a → high pressure valve chamber RH → first switching valve chamber R1 → conduction passage 2b → E port. Flows through passage 1b → E port 15. The low-pressure refrigerant flows in the order of C port 14 → C port passage 1d → conduction portion 2d → second switching valve chamber R2 → low pressure valve chamber RL → conduction portion 2c → S port passage 1c → low pressure space sp2. At this time, the high pressure valve chamber RH and the first switching valve chamber R1 become high pressure, the low pressure valve chamber RL and the second switching valve chamber R2 become low pressure, and a downward load is applied to the main valve body 3 due to this pressure difference. The position of the main valve body 3 is securely held.

  A slight clearance is provided between the valve portion 41 of the sub valve 4 and the upper annular member 21, and between the shaft portion 42 of the sub valve 4 and the plunger tube guide 51, and the plunger 53 of the sub valve 4 is provided. The side space also becomes high pressure. Therefore, the state in which the auxiliary valve 4 blocks the refrigerant passage 33 of the main valve body 3 and the state in which the pilot port 4b is blocked by the pressure difference between the high pressure and the low pressure of the refrigerant passage 33 are also maintained. Therefore, the energization of the electromagnetic coil 54 for maintaining this state can be performed with less power than the normal energization during the switching drive, and can be driven with, for example, a two-voltage power supply.

  When switching from the heating operation of FIG. 4 to the cooling operation of FIG. 3, the energization to the electromagnetic coil 54 is cut off. As a result, the pilot port 4b of the auxiliary valve 4 is opened as shown in FIG. 5C, and the pressure in the space on the plunger 53 side of the auxiliary valve 4 escapes to the low pressure side via the pilot port 4b and the refrigerant passage 33. The pressure difference is cancelled. As a result, the auxiliary valve 4 moves upward as shown in FIG. 5 (D) by the force of the auxiliary valve spring 44, the cylinder 2 (each valve chamber RH, RL, R1, R2) is pressure-equalized, and the main valve The main valve body 3 is moved upward by the force of the body spring 34 to be in the state shown in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the compressor body 100 has been described as an example of the swash plate type, but a scroll type compressor body may be used.

  In the embodiment, the high-pressure space sp1 and the low-pressure space sp2 are formed in the housing 1. However, a housing in which the high-pressure space and the low-pressure space are formed by separate members and provided with a cylinder insertion hole, a cylinder, and the like is provided. You may make it connect.

  In the embodiment, the compressor with the flow path switching valve has been described as an example. However, it goes without saying that the flow path switching valve of the present invention may be separated from the compressor.

It is principal part sectional drawing of the flow-path switching valve of embodiment of this invention, and the perspective view of the main valve body guide. It is a partial cross section figure of the housing which shows the cylinder fitting insertion hole of the flow-path switching valve. It is sectional drawing at the time of the cooling operation of the compressor with a flow-path switching valve using the same flow-path switching valve. It is sectional drawing at the time of the heating operation of the compressor with the flow-path switching valve. It is a figure which shows the switching process of the air_conditionaing | cooling operation and heating operation in embodiment. It is a figure which shows the refrigerating cycle of the air conditioner using the compressor with the flow-path switching valve.

Explanation of symbols

1 Housing 1a D port passage (high pressure port passage)
1b E port passage (switching port passage)
1c S port passage (low pressure port passage)
1d C port passage (switching port passage)
1D Cylinder insertion hole 14 C port 15 E port 2 Cylinder RH High pressure valve chamber R1 1st switching valve chamber RL Low pressure valve chamber R2 2nd switching valve chamber 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d Conducting part 211 High pressure side valve seat 221 1st Low pressure valve seat 231 Second low pressure valve seat 3 Main valve body 31 First valve portion 32 Second valve portion 33 Refrigerant passage 34 Main valve body spring 4 Sub valve 4b Pilot port 44 Sub valve spring 5 Drive unit 53 Plunger 54 Electromagnetic Coil 57 Pilot port valve 10 Compressor 20 Outdoor unit 30, Capillary 40, Indoor unit sp1 High pressure space sp2 Low pressure space 100 Compressor body

Claims (6)

The valve chambers are arranged in the order of a high-pressure valve chamber into which high-pressure refrigerant is introduced, a first switching valve chamber that communicates with the heat exchanger, a low-pressure valve chamber that leads out low-pressure refrigerant, and a second switching valve chamber that communicates with the heat exchanger. A cylinder formed by communicating in the axial direction;
A main valve body that is inserted into the cylinder so as to be reciprocally movable in the axial direction and is disposed from the high-pressure valve chamber to the second switching valve chamber, and includes a first switching valve chamber and a second switching valve chamber; A main valve body having a first valve portion and a second valve portion, each of which has a partially enlarged cylindrical side diameter,
A refrigerant passage enabling the high pressure valve chamber and the second switching valve chamber to be electrically connected;
A sub-valve that opens and closes the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage;
A drive unit that moves the main valve body in the axial direction;
The first valve portion seals the high pressure valve chamber side of the first switching valve chamber and opens the low pressure valve chamber side according to the movement position of the main valve body, and the second valve portion is the second. A first state in which the low pressure valve chamber side of the switching valve chamber is sealed; and the first valve portion seals the low pressure valve chamber side of the first switching valve chamber and opens the high pressure valve chamber side; and The two valve parts are configured to be capable of transitioning between two states, the second state in which the low pressure valve chamber side of the second switching valve chamber is opened,
The sub-valve is in the first state with the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage open, and the sub-valve is in the second state with the high-pressure valve chamber side of the refrigerant passage closed, and in the first state, the second state passes through the refrigerant passage. The position of the main valve body is maintained by the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant supplied to the switching valve chamber, and the high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the high-pressure valve chamber to the first switching valve chamber via the first valve portion in the second state. A flow path switching valve characterized in that the position of the main valve body is maintained by pressure.   2. The flow according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant passage is formed by a passage that passes through the main valve body from the high-pressure valve chamber side to the second switching valve chamber side in the axial direction of the main valve body. Road switching valve.   The flow path switching valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a driving direction of the sub valve is coaxial with a moving direction of the main valve body. The sub-valve has a pilot port penetrating in the axial direction of the main valve body and is biased in a direction away from the main valve body,
The main valve body is biased so that the second valve portion seals the low pressure valve chamber side of the second switching valve chamber,
The drive unit includes a pilot valve that opens and closes a pilot port of the sub valve on the side opposite to the main valve body, and presses the sub valve with the pilot valve to connect the sub valve and the main valve body. Configured to move,
The pilot valve is closed by the pilot valve to be in the second state, and the pilot valve is opened by the pilot valve, so that the high pressure valve chamber and the second state are passed through the pilot port and the refrigerant passage. 4. The flow path switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the second state is released by equalizing pressure with the switching valve chamber. 5. A block-shaped housing provided adjacent to the high-pressure space and the low-pressure space of the compressor body,
A cylinder fitting insertion hole in the housing; a high pressure port passage that opens into the cylinder fitting insertion hole and communicates with the high pressure valve chamber; a low pressure port passage that communicates with the low pressure valve chamber; and the first and second Two switching port passages respectively connected to the switching valve chamber are formed in the housing itself by drilling in the housing,
The flow path switching valve according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein the cylinder is inserted into the cylinder insertion hole.   An air conditioner equipped with the flow path switching valve according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

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