JP2006177515A - Tapered roller bearings - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tapered roller bearing which can prevent seizure of a bearing and a decrease in service life and can be easily manufactured with a simple configuration.
SOLUTION: A tapered roller bearing, an inner ring 1 is provided around a shaft on a side surface on the large diameter portion 2 side, and a lubricating oil reservoir 4 for storing lubricating oil and a peripheral end of the lubricating oil reservoir 4 are provided. A plurality of oil passage holes 4 a and oil passage grooves (6) through which the lubricating oil 5 of the lubricating oil reservoir 4 is led out through the oil holes 4 a and supplied to the tapered rollers 10 are provided. The oil passage groove 6 is provided at a shortest distance extending from the oil passage hole 4 a in the radial direction on the side surface 2 a on the large diameter portion 2 side and extending in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface 2 b of the large diameter portion 2 to reach the tapered roller 10. The outer peripheral surface 2b of the large-diameter portion 2 is a groove 6 and is inclined so that the outer diameter gradually increases from the side surface 2a on the large-diameter portion 2 side to the tapered roller 10 side.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing for improving the lubrication performance of railway vehicle drive bearings, automobile drive bearings and the like under conditions where the lubricating oil does not reach each part at low temperatures in winter or at the start. is there.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a conventional tapered roller bearing used for a railway vehicle drive bearing, an automobile drive bearing, or the like has 10 rows of truncated cone-shaped tapered rollers as rolling elements between an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 14. It is incorporated so as to be rotatable, and is guided by a large brim portion 2 which is a large diameter portion of the inner ring 1. This structure has a great advantage that it can support a radial load and an axial load in one direction. In the figure, 3 is a small diameter portion of the inner ring 1, and 13 is a relief portion of the head portion 10 a of the tapered roller 10 provided in the large collar portion 2.

  However, in the conventional tapered roller bearing, because of its structure, there are few places where the lubricating oil accumulates when stopped (no rotation), so the lubricating oil does not spread to each part at low temperatures in winter or at the start of rotation. In many cases, the condition becomes a rare lubrication condition, and at this time, there is a problem that the seizure of the bearing occurs or the life of the bearing is reduced as a result.

  As a method for solving this problem, for example, there is a tapered roller bearing disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. 8, the bearing includes a seal member 16 having a seal lip portion 15. When the relative rotational speed of the inner ring 1 with respect to the outer ring 14 is relatively high, the distal end portion of the seal lip portion 15 is caused by centrifugal force. 15a is elastically opened to the outside in the radial direction (as indicated by a broken line), and the lubricating oil 5 leaks from here to the outside, whereby the pressure increase in the bearing is suppressed. On the other hand, when the centrifugal force decreases as the relative rotational speed of the inner ring 1 decreases, the distal end portion 15a of the seal lip portion 15 returns to the original position, and this is pressed against the end of the thin portion 14a of the outer ring 14. As a result, this portion is closed, so that the lubricating oil 5 is accumulated in the reservoir portion composed of the seal lip portion 15 and the raceway surface 14c of the outer ring 14. By adopting such a configuration, the lubrication performance is maintained even under rare lubrication conditions.

However, this configuration has a problem in that it may be difficult to incorporate the seal member 16 in the bearing assembly process depending on the intended use.
JP-A-8-135666

  Therefore, the present invention improves the above-mentioned conventional disadvantages and can prevent seizure of the bearing and a decrease in the life of the bearing even in the case of rare lubrication conditions at low temperatures in winter and at the start of rotation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tapered roller bearing having a configuration that is easy to manufacture.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a tapered roller bearing in which a plurality of tapered rollers supported with a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction are sandwiched between an inner ring and an outer ring having a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion. The inner ring is provided around an axis of the side surface on the large diameter side, a lubricating oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil, and a plurality of oil passage holes provided at a peripheral end of the lubricating oil reservoir, And an oil passage means provided so that the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil reservoir is guided and guided from the oil passage hole and supplied to the tapered rollers.

  Further, the oil passing means is provided at a shortest distance extending from the oil passing hole in the radial direction on the side surface on the large diameter portion side, extending in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion and reaching the tapered roller. It is a groove, and the outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion is formed so as to be inclined so that the outer diameter gradually increases from the side surface on the large diameter portion side to the tapered roller side.

  Alternatively, the oil passage means is an oil passage provided so as to pass through the inside of the large diameter portion from the oil passage hole and open in the vicinity of the tapered roller.

  In the present invention, the lubricating oil accumulated in the lubricating oil reservoir is supplied to the head of the tapered roller by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the inner ring even under low temperature conditions in winter and under rare lubricating conditions where the lubricating oil does not reach each part. Therefore, the lubrication state of the tapered rollers can be maintained well, the seizure of the bearing can be prevented, and the bearing life can be extended.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is an axial partial sectional view of a tapered roller bearing showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing a lubricating oil reservoir of the tapered roller bearing of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cone of FIG. It is the front view seen from the direction of the arrow which shows the inner ring of a roller bearing.

  A tapered roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 1, a plurality of tapered rollers 10 that are rolling elements are sandwiched between an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 14, and these tapered rollers 10 are rotatable at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction by a retainer (not shown). It is supported by.

  The inner ring 1 is formed with a large diameter portion (also referred to as a large brim portion) 2 at one end in the axial direction and a small diameter portion 3 at the other end, and an inclined partial conical shape between the large diameter portion 2 and the small diameter portion 3. The outer peripheral surface 3 a is a raceway surface of the tapered roller 10.

  The outer ring 14 is formed with a thin wall portion 14a on one end side in the axial direction and a thick wall portion 14b on the other end side, and an inclined partial conical inner peripheral surface 14c between the thin wall portion 14a and the thick wall portion 14b is a tapered roller 10. It is the orbital surface.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the back surface portion 2 a that is the side surface on the large diameter portion 2 side of the inner ring 1 is formed with a lubricating oil sump 4 that is an annular recess around its axis, A plurality of oil passage holes 4a are formed in the end portion at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, oil passage grooves 6 are radially arranged on the back surface portion 2a from the respective oil passage holes 4a toward the outer side in the radial direction, and these further pass the outer peripheral surface 2c of the large diameter portion 2 in the axial direction. It is continuously formed so that it may become the shortest distance until it progresses to and reaches the head 10a of the tapered roller 10. These oil passage grooves 6 are oil passage means provided so that the lubricating oil 5 in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 is guided through the oil passage holes 4 a and supplied to the tapered rollers 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the oil passage groove 6 is also formed in a portion 6a extending from the inside of the lubricating oil reservoir 4 to the oil passage hole 4a.

  As for the number of the oil passage holes 4 a and the oil passage grooves 6, as shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, at least one oil passage groove 6 is provided for one tapered roller 10. .

  4A, 4B, and 4C are partially enlarged views showing various embodiments of the oil passage hole 4a, the oil passage groove 6, and the oil passage groove 6a in the lubricating oil reservoir 4. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the shape of the oil passage hole 4a and the cross-sectional shape of the oil passage groove 6 and the oil passage groove 6a in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 are semicircular. The oil passage groove 6a in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 is V-shaped.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface 2c of the large diameter portion 2 of the inner ring 1 is provided so as to be inclined so that the outer diameter gradually increases from the back surface portion 2a side to the tapered roller 10 side.

  In the above configuration, since the oil passage hole 4a is set to be sufficiently small, when the inner ring 1 is stopped (when the bearing is stopped), the surface tension acts and the lubricating oil 5 leaks out to the oil passage groove 6 side. The lubricating oil 5 is accumulated in the lubricating oil reservoir 4.

  When the inner ring 1 rotates (when the bearing rotates), the lubricating oil 5 in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 leaks from the oil passage hole 4a due to centrifugal force and travels outward in the radial direction through the oil passage groove 6. Is guided by the oil passage groove 6 of the outer peripheral surface 2c of the outer peripheral surface 2c and reaches the head portion 10a of the tapered roller 10 to lubricate the roller 10. At this time, the outer peripheral surface 2c of the large-diameter portion 2 is inclined toward the roller 10 side as described above, so that the lubricating oil 5 is guided well by the centrifugal force of the oil passage groove 6.

  Further, since the cross-sectional shape of the oil passage groove 6 is V-shaped, the surface tension at the time of guiding the lubricating oil is increased, and the leakage of the lubricating oil 5 to the outside of the groove 6 can be suppressed as much as possible.

  In this embodiment, the back surface portion 2a forming a part of the lubricating oil reservoir 4 is an integral part with the large diameter portion 2, but in order to facilitate the production process of the lubricating oil reservoir 4, Depending on the case, it can also be set as the structure sealed with the seal | sticker (not shown) of another member. However, when other parts adjacent to the back surface portion 2a of the lubricating oil reservoir 4 are used and can be closed by this, it is not necessary to close with a seal.

  Therefore, the lubricating oil 5 that has accumulated in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 is retained by the centrifugal force generated by one rotation of the inner ring, even under rare lubricating conditions in which the lubricating oil does not reach the various parts at low temperatures in winter and at the start. Therefore, the lubricating state of the tapered roller 10 can be maintained well, the seizure of the bearing can be prevented, and the bearing life can be extended.

  As in the prior art, a desired effect can be obtained with a relatively simple structure without a step of attaching a seal member (see FIG. 8) having a complicated structure.

  In addition, the shape of the oil passage hole 4a and the cross-sectional shape of the oil passage groove 6 and the oil passage groove 6a in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 are not limited to those of the above-described embodiment, but for example, as shown in FIG. The oil passage hole 4a is semicircular, the oil passage groove 6 and the oil passage groove 6a in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 are concave, or the oil passage hole 4a is circular as shown in FIG. The oil passage groove 6a in the reservoir 4 may be semicircular, and the oil passage groove 6 may be V-shaped. The shape shown in FIG. 4 (c) has the advantage that the oil passage hole 4a and the oil passage groove 6a in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 are formed in an integral circle, so that they can be processed simultaneously and are easy to process. is there.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view in the axial direction of a tapered roller bearing showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing in FIG.

  The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions of the same parts are omitted. The difference is that instead of the oil passage groove 6, an oil passage outlet 11 a that penetrates through the large diameter portion 2 and opens into the escape portion 13 of the large diameter portion 2 from the oil passage hole 4 a of the lubricating oil reservoir 4. It is the point which forms the oil passage 11 reaching to. The escape portion 13 is formed between the large-diameter side end portion of the raceway surface of the inner ring 1 and the surface of the inner ring 1 that contacts the large-diameter side head portion 10 a of the roller 10.

  As for the number of oil passage holes 4a and oil passages 11 in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, at least one passage for one tapered roller 10 is used, as in the first embodiment. The oil passage 11 is configured to be deployed.

  In this configuration, since the oil passage outlet 11a is set to be sufficiently small, when the bearing is stopped, the oil 5 in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 leaks from the oil passage outlet 11a to the oil passage 11 side due to the action of surface tension. The lubricating oil 5 is in a state of being accumulated in the lubricating oil reservoir 4.

  When the inner ring 1 rotates, the lubricating oil 5 in the lubricating oil reservoir 4 travels through the oil passage 11 through the oil passage hole 4a by centrifugal force and leaks from the oil passage outlet 11a to the escape portion 13. Thereby, since the lubricating oil 5 is supplied to the head 10a of the tapered roller 10, the roller 10 can be lubricated.

  Thus, the second embodiment can also be expected to have the same effect as the first embodiment. In particular, in the second embodiment, the lubricating oil 5 is passed through the large-diameter portion 2. Since it supplies to the tapered roller 10 via the oil path 11, it guide | induced compared with the case where the lubricating oil 5 is guided to the oil flow groove 6 of the large diameter part 2 outer peripheral surface 2b like 1st Embodiment. The distance is also shorter, and there is an effect that oil can be supplied to the head 10a of the tapered roller 10 more reliably without waste. However, it can be said that the oil passage groove 6 shown in the first embodiment is more advantageous in terms of a simple configuration that is easy to create.

It is an axial direction fragmentary sectional view of the tapered roller bearing which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the lubricating oil reservoir of the tapered roller bearing of FIG. It is the front view seen from the arrow direction which shows the inner ring | wheel of the tapered roller bearing of FIG. It is the elements on larger scale which show the various Example (a) (b) (c) of the oil flow hole, the oil flow groove, and the oil flow groove in a lubricating oil reservoir. It is an axial direction fragmentary sectional view of the tapered roller bearing which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the front view seen from the arrow direction which shows the inner ring | wheel of the tapered roller bearing of FIG. It is an axial direction fragmentary sectional view which shows the conventional tapered roller bearing. It is an axial direction fragmentary sectional view which shows the conventional tapered roller bearing (with a seal | sticker).

Explanation of symbols

1: Inner ring 2: Large diameter part (large brim part) of the inner ring
2a: Side surface of the large diameter part (back surface part)
2b: outer diameter surface of large diameter portion 3: small diameter portion of inner ring 4: lubricating oil reservoir 4a: oil passage hole 6: oil passage groove 6a: oil passage groove 10 in the lubricating oil reservoir 10: tapered roller 11: oil passage 11a: Oil outlet 13: Escape portion 14: Outer ring

Claims (3)

In a tapered roller bearing that sandwiches a plurality of tapered rollers supported at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction between an inner ring and an outer ring having a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion,
The inner ring is provided around a shaft on the side surface on the large diameter side, and a lubricating oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil, a plurality of oil passage holes provided at a peripheral end of the lubricating oil reservoir, and the lubricating oil A tapered roller bearing comprising oil passing means provided so that the lubricating oil in the pool is guided and guided from the oil passing hole and supplied to the tapered roller. The oil passage means is an oil passage groove provided at a shortest distance extending from the oil passage hole in a radial direction on a side surface on the large diameter portion side, extending in an axial direction on an outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion and reaching the tapered roller. And the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion is formed to be inclined so that the outer diameter gradually increases from the side surface on the large-diameter portion side to the tapered roller side. The tapered roller bearing according to 1. 2. The tapered roller according to claim 1, wherein the oil passing means is an oil passing path provided so as to pass through the inside of the large diameter portion from the oil passing hole and open in the vicinity of the tapered roller. bearing.

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