JP2006118766A - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

A compact, low-cost, and easy-to-use integrated heat pump water heater is provided.
A compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an evaporator are sequentially connected to form a closed circuit, a refrigerant circulation circuit that circulates the refrigerant, and a blowing unit that blows air to the evaporator. A water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 that exchanges heat with the radiator 3 and a hot water storage means 9 that is connected to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 and stores hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8. And a casing 1 that forms at least a part of the outer shell of the device, and the evaporator 6 is disposed substantially above the casing 1, and the air flow emitted from the blowing means 7 is Since it is configured to be discharged from the upper surface side of the housing 1, the area of the evaporator 6 can be sufficiently increased, and a compact heat pump water heater can be obtained.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump type water heater.

  Conventionally, hot water heaters that use gas or petroleum as fuel and heat tap water with the combustion heat have been used as hot water heaters. While these have the advantage of being excellent in quick hot water properties, fuels such as gas and oil are necessary and the supply thereof is indispensable, exhaust gas after combustion is released into the atmosphere, causing air pollution, and burning Therefore, there were problems such as being always unsafe and having a loud noise during combustion. In particular, in all-electric houses and condominiums where all energy sources are electricity, which has been increasing in recent years, there is no way to supply fuel, so there are an increasing number of cases where it cannot be used.

  Therefore, a hot water storage type heat pump water heater equipped with a hot water storage tank has been developed. This solves the problem of hot water heaters due to combustion, and can be installed easily without the need for new infrastructure even in all-electric houses and condominiums. Because it is a heat pump type, it has more than three times the capacity for input. It is possible to store high-temperature hot water in a hot water storage tank by using inexpensive late-night electricity during operation, and has the feature that running cost is also low, and gradually Has become popular.

  As such a water heater, there is a heat pump water heater shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the heat pump type hot water heater includes a hot water supply cycle 71 and a refrigerant cycle 72, the hot water supply cycle 71 and the refrigerant cycle 72 are divided into two main bodies and connected by a circulation path 78 and a circulation path 80. is doing. This hot water supply cycle 71 includes a hot water storage tank 75 having a hot water supply port 73 provided on the bottom wall and a hot water supply port 74 provided on the upper wall, a water heat exchange path 76, and a water circulation pump 77, and performs water heat exchange. A passage 76 and a water circulation pump 77 are provided in a circulation passage 80 that connects the hot water supply port 74 and the hot water inlet 79 of the hot water storage tank 75. The refrigerant cycle 72 is configured by connecting a compressor 81, a water heat exchanger 82 constituting the water heat exchange path 76, a decompression mechanism 83, and an air-refrigerant heat exchanger 84 in this order through the refrigerant passage 85. A refrigerant circulation circuit is provided. Furthermore, the hot water supply cycle 71 and the refrigerant cycle 72 are connected by connecting pipes 86 and 87 disposed on the outdoor side. Then, the low-temperature water supplied from the water supply port 55 and discharged to the circulation path 58 by the water circulation pump 57 is boiled by the water heat exchanger 76 (that is, the water heat exchanger 82) and discharged from the hot water supply port 74. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  In the above heat pump type hot water heater, there has been devised one in which the hot water supply cycle 71 and the refrigerant cycle 72 are integrated, and it is configured such that the compressor and the air-refrigerant heat exchanger are arranged in the upper part of the hot water storage tank. A blower fan that circulates air in order to promote heat exchange of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed on the side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger, and forms a lateral air passage. And it has become a heat pump water heater aiming at compactness by storing them in one housing | casing (for example, refer patent document 2).

  Moreover, although the air-refrigerant heat exchanger part is shown as a heat pump water heater provided with the evaporator which improved the water treatment performance at the time of a defrost operation, the structure is the air which piled up two or more units | sets vertically. -A blower fan is disposed in front of the refrigerant heat exchanger, and similarly forms a horizontal air passage (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

Furthermore, although a heat pump water heater capable of being miniaturized is shown, the configuration is such that a U-shaped radiator is arranged on the upper side, hot water storage means is arranged on the lower side, and the rear surface of the housing and at least one side surface The fan is placed in front of the radiator so that it can circulate, and the horizontal air passage is constructed in the same way as in Patent Documents 2 and 3, and the housing is compact while obtaining sufficient heating capacity of the heat pump water heater. In particular, the lateral width is reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 4).
JP 2003-222392 A JP-A-7-98156 JP 2004-144344 A JP 2004-177692 A

  However, since the hot water supply cycle 51 and the refrigerant cycle 52 are separated in the configuration of FIG. 9 which is the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, each of them is necessary separately, and when two of them are installed, their dimensions are large. In addition, because of its heavy weight, the installation location is limited. In addition, since the connecting piping is arranged outside the room, manual work increases in construction, resulting in higher labor costs and increased costs, and in cold areas, it is necessary to freeze and waterproof. Had.

  On the other hand, in the heat pump water heater of Patent Document 2, the hot water supply cycle and the refrigerant cycle are put into an integrated housing for miniaturization, but in recent years, when installing in an apartment house such as a high-rise apartment, In the configuration in which the hot water supply cycle and the refrigerant cycle are separated, there is an example in which a unit including the hot water supply cycle is put in a meter box (MB) or a pipe space (PS). On the other hand, it is not intended to be housed in PS (pipe space) or MB (meter box) where water supply piping, drainage piping, etc. are installed in apartment buildings such as high-rise apartments, and the device can be installed in PS and MB. The concept for downsizing was not disclosed.

  Moreover, the area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger could not be increased, and there was a problem that sufficient heating capacity could not be obtained. Therefore, only small things can be made, and even when placed in a meter box (MB) or pipe space (PS), the air-refrigerant heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle is equipped with a blower fan to promote heat exchange. It is necessary to send the wind, but because the wind blows forward, it hits the face of the person in the place, giving it an uncomfortable feeling, etc. .

  Furthermore, since the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank is limited, the amount of hot water used may increase when many people gather, and the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank may be lost. However, since it is a product that originally uses midnight power to store hot water over a long time with a small capacity, it takes a considerable amount of time to store hot water. There are problems in usability, such as the lack of merits of using late-night power and the cost of electricity.

  Moreover, in the heat pump water heater of patent document 3, it becomes possible to enlarge the area of an air-medium heat exchanger by using two ventilation fans 9, and to enlarge a heating capability. However, even in this example, an air-refrigerant heat exchanger in a refrigerant cycle (not shown) needs to be blown by a blower fan to promote heat exchange, but the wind is blown forward. For this reason, it hits the face of the person in the place and gives an unpleasant feeling, which is inappropriate for incorporation in a meter box (MB) or pipe space (PS). Moreover, since the area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger is increased and the blower fan and the two blower fans are used in accordance with the increased area, there is a problem in terms of usability and cost such as an increase in cost. .

Furthermore, in the heat pump water heater of patent document 4, the structure for obtaining sufficient heating capability is shown by enlarging an area by using an air-refrigerant heat exchanger as a U shape and providing two blower fans 95. However, as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 3, the air-refrigerant heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle (not shown) needs to send wind with a blower fan to promote heat exchange. Therefore, it is unsuitable to be incorporated in a meter box (MB) or pipe space (PS). In addition, since the area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 93 is increased and two blower fans are used as the blower fans in accordance therewith, there are problems in terms of usability and cost, such as increasing the cost. It was.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump water heater that has a sufficient heating capacity, is compact, easy to use, and can realize low cost.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat pump water heater of the present invention comprises a refrigerant circulation circuit that circulates a refrigerant by connecting a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an evaporator in order to form a closed circuit, and the evaporation Blowing means for blowing air, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the radiator, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger are connected to store hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. A hot water storage means and a housing that forms at least a part of the outer shell of the device, the evaporator is disposed substantially above the housing, and an air flow emitted from the blower means is provided in the housing. It is configured to be discharged from the upper surface side of the heater, and it is possible to increase the area by extending the outer peripheral direction while suppressing the height direction of the evaporator, and heating while maintaining a compact housing It is possible to greatly improve the hot water supply capacity Next, it can be a large heat pump water heater of the compact heating capacity.

  In addition, it is possible to absorb air from the entire outer circumference and exchange heat with the evaporator, and even if installed in a closed space such as in an MB (meter box), the heating capacity will not be reduced. The heat pump water heater excellent in installation versatility can be obtained.

  In addition, when the main body is installed in the MB (meter box), the heat exchanged by the evaporator and the cold air sent out by the blowing means is sent to the upper part of the device and from above the ceiling of the MB (meter box). Since it can be discharged to the outside, cold air does not hit people and the usability is greatly improved.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat pump water heater having a large heating capacity, good usability, low noise, and low cost regardless of a compact configuration.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, a compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an evaporator are sequentially connected to form a closed circuit, a refrigerant circulation circuit that circulates a refrigerant, a blowing unit that blows air to the evaporator, and the radiator A water-refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, hot-water storage means that is connected to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and stores hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and at least a part of the outline of the device And the evaporator is arranged in a substantially upper part of the casing, and an air flow emitted from the blowing means is discharged from the upper surface side of the casing. Therefore, the area of the evaporator can be increased within the main unit as much as possible, the heating capacity can be increased, and there are no problems such as running out of hot water during hot water supply. A heat pump water heater that can be supplied can be supplied.

  Moreover, even if the main body size is reduced, the area of the evaporator can be sufficiently increased, and a compact heat pump water heater can be obtained.

  Furthermore, when installing heat pump water heaters, which have been increasing in recent years, in apartment buildings, heat exchangers are also used for heat exchange when installing small portions such as meter boxes (MB) and pipe spaces (PS). When the cool air sent by the blower comes out from above the main body, it becomes possible to discharge from above the vicinity of the ceiling of the meter box (MB) or pipe space (PS), that is, from a position where cold air does not hit people. The heat pump water heater can be used with good usability.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the evaporator is configured in a substantially square shape when viewed from the upper surface side of the housing, and the air blowing means is disposed on the upper side in the evaporator or near the upper part thereof. It is possible to increase the heat exchange area while improving the heat pump heating capacity. Furthermore, since the evaporator has a square shape and air can flow from the entire circumference, even when installed in a closed space such as an MB (meter box), the heat exchange capacity does not decrease. , Installation versatility can be enhanced.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the evaporator is configured in a substantially U shape when viewed from the upper surface side of the housing, and the air blowing means is disposed on the upper side in the evaporator or in the vicinity of the upper part thereof. As in the invention, the air-refrigerant heat exchanger can be made compact, the heat exchange area can be increased, and the heat pump heating capacity can be improved. Furthermore, since the evaporator is U-shaped and air can flow from three directions, the heat exchange capacity does not decrease even when installed in a closed space such as an MB (meter box). , Installation versatility can be enhanced. Also, by making the U-shaped, by bringing the U-shaped open part to the hot water storage means side, air flows to the hot water storage means side by the circulation of air, the hot water storage means is cooled, It is possible to prevent a decrease in hot water storage capacity.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the evaporator and the hot water storage means are arranged substantially in parallel in the horizontal direction, and a partition plate having a spreading portion in the direction of the hot water storage means is provided between the hot water storage means and the evaporator, The air flow generated from the means is configured to flow along the expanding portion, and air is also circulated from the hot water storage means portion disposed on the side, and heat exchange is performed by an evaporator on the side of the hot water storage means. By carrying out, it becomes possible to enlarge an area, restraining an evaporator compactly, and it becomes possible to raise a heat pump heating capability. In particular, when combined with a square-shaped evaporator, air can be circulated from four directions and heat exchange can be performed, so that the heat pump heating capability can be further increased without enlarging the housing.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the hot water storage means has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the partition plate is substantially concentric with the substantially cylindrical shape of the hot water storage means. By exchanging heat with this evaporator, it becomes possible to increase the area while keeping the evaporator compact, and to increase the heat pump heating capacity. In particular, when combined with a square-shaped evaporator, air can be circulated from four directions and heat exchange can be performed, so that the heat pump heating capability can be further increased without enlarging the housing.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a heat exchange support plate for supporting the evaporator is provided below the evaporator, the heat exchange support plate has a convex portion on the upper side, and a compressor is provided inside the convex portion. By arranging the compressor downward, the stability of the equipment is maintained, and at the bottom of the center of the B-shaped or U-shaped evaporator, the heat of the evaporator It is possible to store the compressor in a compact manner without impairing the replacement performance, and it is possible to improve compactness and heating capacity.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is stored in the hot water storage means, and can be directly passed to the hot water supply terminal without passing through the hot water storage means. The tap water warmed by the refrigerant heat exchanger can supply hot water to the hot water storage tank, and on the other hand, it passes directly to the hot water supply terminals such as faucets and showers without going through the hot water storage tank. Therefore, it is possible to provide a heat pump water heater that is easy to use and does not worry about running out of hot water. In addition, it is possible to provide an instantaneous water heater type heat pump water heater in which hot water is supplied from the hot water storage tank at the beginning of operation and the hot water is directly supplied after the compressor reaches the optimum operating frequency.

  The eighth invention uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, and is used in general air conditioners to increase the thermal efficiency during hot water supply and to affect the global warming even if the refrigerant leaks to the outside. The heat pump water heater can be significantly reduced as compared with the refrigerant of R-410A, is environmentally friendly, and has excellent recyclability.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is a schematic perspective view of a heat pump water heater in the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view.

  The main unit 1 is configured by integrally storing a refrigerant circulation circuit and a hot water supply circuit. In this refrigerant circulation circuit, a vertically placed compressor 2 disposed inside the main unit 1, a radiator 3 (water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8), and an electric expansion valve 4 serving as a decompression unit are disposed below. Above that, there is a heat exchange support plate 5. An air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 that is an evaporator is placed on the heat exchange support plate 5. Inside the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 or in the vicinity of the upper portion thereof, there is a blower fan 7 that is a blowing means. The air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is blown to increase the evaporation capacity and heat pump heating. It is designed to improve ability. The blower fan 7 allows air to flow upward from the upper surface of the main unit 1, that is, sucks from the side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, performs heat exchange with the air-refrigerant heat exchanger, and generates heat. The exchanged exhaust gas flows upward.

  On the other hand, the hot water supply circuit is a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 that exchanges heat with the radiator 3 to change tap water or the like into warm water (for example, a heat exchanger having a double tube structure integrated with the radiator 3). ), A hot water storage tank 9 for storing the hot water obtained by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a hot water storage tank 9 and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a water inlet pipe 10 for introducing tap water, a hot water storage tank 9 and water- The hot water supply pipe 11 supplies hot water from the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to the hot water supply terminals of the faucet 32 and the bath 33 and the water pump 12 supplies low temperature water in the hot water storage tank 9. The hot water storage tank 9 is disposed on the side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. A water pump 12 supplies hot water to the hot water storage tank 9 and is disposed on the side of the compressor 2.

  This will be described with reference to the circuit configuration diagram shown in FIG. The main body unit 1 is configured by integrally storing a refrigerant circulation circuit and a hot water supply circuit. The refrigerant circulation circuit includes a vertically placed compressor 2 disposed in the main body unit 1, a radiator 3, and a decompression unit. For example, an electric expansion valve 4 as a means and an air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 as an evaporator are connected by a refrigerant pipe 13. In addition, a blower fan 7 is provided to apply air to the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 to increase the evaporation capacity.

  On the other hand, the hot water supply circuit is a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 that exchanges heat with the radiator 3 to change tap water or the like into warm water (for example, a heat exchanger having a double tube structure integrated with the radiator 3). ), A hot water storage tank 9 for storing the hot water obtained by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a hot water storage tank 9 and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a water inlet pipe 10 for introducing tap water, a hot water storage tank 9 and water- The hot water supply pipe 11 supplies hot water from the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to the hot water supply terminals of the faucet 32 and the bath 33 and the water pump 12 supplies low temperature water in the hot water storage tank 9.

  Further, the configuration of the hot water supply circuit will be described with reference to FIG.

  The tank inlet pipe 19 is a pipe that sends tap water from the inlet pipe 10 to the hot water storage tank 9, and a tank inlet check valve 20 is provided in the middle. The tap water supply pipe 21 is a pipe that directly supplies tap water from the inlet pipe 10 to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, and a check valve 22 is provided in the tap water supply pipe 21. The heat exchange water supply pipe 23 is a pipe for sending the low-temperature water stored in the hot water storage tank 9 by the operation of the water pump 12 from the hot water storage tank 9 to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8. A pipe for sending tap water heated by the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to the hot water storage tank 9 and the original mixing valve 27. A hot water storage electromagnetic valve 25 is provided in the middle of the hot water storage tank side pipe 24a, and a middle of the original mixing valve side pipe 24b. Is provided with a check valve A28.

  The tank hot water pipe 26 is a pipe for supplying hot water (usually 60 ° C. to 90 ° C.) from the hot water storage tank 9 to the original mixing valve 27, and the original mixing valve 27 is a hot water storage pipe 24 (original mixing valve side pipe). 24b) and the hot water or water coming from the tank hot water supply pipe 26, and the check valve A28 is a valve provided in front of the original mixing valve 27. The premixing valve 29 is a valve that mixes hot water that has passed through the original mixing valve 27 and tap water supplied from the water inlet pipe 10 to obtain an appropriate hot water supply temperature. The premixing valve 29 and the water inlet pipe 10 Between them, a check valve B30 for preventing a backflow is provided. Then, the hot water that has reached the optimum temperature in the premixing valve 29 is poured into the faucet 32 and the bath 33 via the pouring pipe 31 and the hot water supply pipe 11.

  Further, the incoming water flow meter 34 is an instrument that measures the incoming water flow rate, and the hot water supply flow meter 35 is an instrument that measures the hot water flow rate. The drain valve 36 is a valve used for draining water in the tank to prevent freezing or the like when it is not used for a long time in a cold region or the like, and the control valve 37 is a valve for controlling the incoming water flow rate. And the control apparatus 38 detects the refrigerant | coolant temperature of the high voltage | pressure side of a refrigerant | coolant circulation circuit, determines the standup state of a refrigerant | coolant circulation circuit from the level of the temperature, and controls the opening degree of the former mixing valve 27 and the pre-mixing valve 29. Means.

  FIG. 3 is a front view and more specifically describes the schematic perspective view of FIG. As in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main body unit 1 has a vertically installed compressor 2, a radiator 3 (water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8) on the left side of the compressor 2, and the compressor 2 and heat dissipation. An electric expansion valve 4 serving as a pressure reducing means is disposed between the units 3, and a heat exchange support plate 5 is disposed above the electric expansion valve 4. An air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, which is an evaporator, is placed on the heat exchange support plate 5. This air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is called a fin tube type, and is composed of aluminum fins 6a and mainly copper tubes through which refrigerant flows, that is, copper tubes 6b. Above the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, there is a blower fan 7, which applies air to the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 to increase the evaporation capacity and increase the heat pump heating capacity.

  Further, the blower fan 7 flows upward, that is, sucks from the side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 and performs heat exchange with the air-refrigerant heat exchanger. It is supposed to flow. Reference numeral 14 denotes a fan indicating bracket that supports the blower fan 7, and reference numeral 15 denotes a fan motor that is attached to the fan indicating bracket 14 and rotates the blower fan 7. Reference numeral 16 denotes a bell mouth provided outside the blower fan 7 in order to increase the air volume of the blower fan and further reduce noise. In addition, the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is provided with two vertical rows of copper tubes 6b, but the inner and upper sides of the copper tubes 6b are arranged in one row to maintain the gap between the bell mouth 16 and the wind flow. It is designed to be smooth and reduce noise. 17 shows the flow of the wind, and the wind flows upward from the entire area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7 by the blower fan. At that time, heat is exchanged with the air-refrigerant heat exchanger, and the capacity is increased. It comes out.

On the other hand, the hot water supply circuit is a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 that exchanges heat with the radiator 3 to change tap water or the like into warm water (for example, a heat exchanger having a double tube structure integrated with the radiator 3). ) Is disposed below the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7, and a hot water storage tank 9 for storing hot water obtained by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is disposed on the right side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 7. A water intake pipe 10 for supplying tap water into the hot water storage tank 9 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, and a hot water supply pipe 11 for supplying hot water from the hot water storage tank 9 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to the hot water supply terminal of the faucet 32 and the bath 33. Is arranged in front of the hot water storage tank 9. A water pump 12 supplies hot water to the hot water storage tank 9 and is disposed on the right side of the compressor 2.

  An original mixing valve 27 and a pre-mixing valve 29 are arranged above the hot water storage tank 9, and these are connected by a hot water storage tank side pipe 24a, an original mixing valve side pipe 24b, and the like, as shown in FIG. It has a configuration. The control device 38 that controls these controls is disposed in front of the hot water storage tank 9.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the heat pump water heater will be described based on the drawings.

  When the compressor 2 is operated, the refrigerant compressed and discharged to a high pressure is sent to the radiator 3 (water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8) to exchange heat with tap water that has passed through the tap water supply pipe 21. Dissipate heat. Thereby, the tap water flowing through the hot water storage pipe 24 and the original mixing valve 27 is heated to a high temperature. The refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 3 is decompressed and expanded by the decompression means 4, sent to the evaporator 5, exchanges heat with the air sent by the blower fan 7, and evaporates while passing through the evaporator 5. And gasify. This gasified refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 2 and repeatedly compressed again. The gradually heated tap water is poured into the bath 33 through the pouring pipe 31, the hot water supply pipe 11, and the faucet 32. It gets hot.

  And since a refrigerant | coolant circulation circuit has a slow start-up and is inferior to a quick hot water property, the hot water storage tank 9 compensates for the bad start-up. That is, until the refrigerant circulation circuit rises and reaches a predetermined hot water supply temperature, the hot water passing through the tank hot water supply pipe 26 from the hot water storage tank 9 kept at a high temperature and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 that has not yet started up. Water that has passed through the water (water that gradually rises in temperature and becomes high temperature) is mixed by the original mixing valve 27 and further mixed with tap water that has passed through the water inlet pipe 10 by the previous mixing valve 29, and a predetermined hot water supply I do.

  Next, when the refrigerant circulation circuit comes up, the opening degree of the original mixing valve 27 is adjusted, hot hot water from the hot water storage tank 9 and hot water from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 are mixed at an appropriate temperature, and premixed. The hot water is fed to the valve 29 and further mixed with tap water that has passed through the water inlet pipe 10 by the premixing valve 29.

  Finally, the hot water passing through the tank hot water supply pipe 26 from the hot water storage tank 9 is not used, and the tap water passing through the tap water supply pipe 21 is heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 in the refrigerant circulation circuit. The hot water and tap water that has passed through the water intake pipe 10 are mixed by the premixing valve 29 to perform a predetermined hot water supply. That is, the control device 38 grasps the rising state of the refrigerant circulation circuit, adjusts the opening degree of the original mixing valve 27 and the previous mixing valve 29, and controls to supply hot water at a predetermined temperature to the hot water supply terminal.

  When the user closes the faucet 32 or does not need to supply hot water because an appropriate amount of hot water is accumulated in the bath 33, the water pump 12 is driven and the hot water storage solenoid valve 25 is opened for the next hot water supply operation. Then, a hot water storage operation for storing hot hot water in the hot water storage tank 9 is performed.

  Thus, depending on the rising state of the refrigerant circulation circuit, hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 9 was used to supply hot water to the hot water supply terminal, or the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 was used for heating without using the hot water storage tank 9. It is set as the structure which can supply hot water directly to a hot-water supply terminal. Thereby, in this Embodiment, real-time hot water supply is enabled, the hot water hot water performance which can supply hot water when a user wants to supply hot water can be ensured, and a heat pump water heater which is easy to use can be provided. In other words, by securing this quick hot water performance, the capacity of the hot water storage tank 9 can be made smaller than that of the hot water storage type heat pump water heater, greatly improving installation, reducing costs, and improving usability. Can also be realized.

  At this time, in the heat pump water heater of the present embodiment, the compressor 2, the radiator 3 (water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8), the decompression means 4, and the air heat exchanger 5 are sequentially connected to form a closed circuit, A refrigerant circulation circuit that circulates the refrigerant is disposed below the main unit 1, an air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is disposed above the compressor 2 and the heat radiation via a heat exchange support plate 5, and a blower fan 7. Is arranged inside or above the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 to generate an air flow upward, thereby promoting the heat exchange performance of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. The area of the heat exchanger can be increased within the main unit as much as possible, the heating capacity can be increased, and hot water can be supplied stably without problems such as running out of hot water during hot water supply. A heat pump water heater can be supplied.

  Moreover, even if the main body size is reduced, the area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 can be sufficiently increased, and a compact heat pump water heater can be obtained.

  Furthermore, when installing heat pump water heaters that have been increasing in recent years in apartment buildings, air that is a condenser can also be used when installing heat pump water heaters in narrow spaces such as meter boxes (MB) and pipe spaces (PS). -The cold air sent by the blower fan 7 that has been heat-exchanged by the refrigerant heat exchanger 6 comes out from above the main body, so that the cold air is generated above the vicinity of the ceiling of the meter box (MB) and pipe space (PS), It becomes possible to discharge from a position that does not hit, and a heat pump water heater with good usability can be obtained. In particular, meter boxes (MB) and pipe space (PS) sections are often found in apartment buildings where the outside is a corridor or an alcove. It is important not to wind.

  In addition, the tap water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 is supplied to the hot water storage tank 9 and directly passed through the hot water supply pipe 11 without passing through the hot water storage tank 9. The tap water heated by the refrigerant heat exchanger 8 can supply hot water to the hot water storage tank 9 and, on the other hand, directly passes through the faucet 32 without passing through the hot water storage tank 9, so that it has excellent quick hot water properties and is easy to use. Therefore, it is possible to provide a heat pump water heater that does not worry about running out of hot water. In addition, it is possible to provide an instantaneous water heater type heat pump water heater in which hot water is supplied from the hot water storage tank 9 at the beginning of operation and the hot water is directly supplied after the compressor 2 reaches the optimum operating frequency.

  In addition, the heat pump water heater using carbon dioxide gas as the refrigerant is used, whereby the refrigerant circulation circuit is a supercritical refrigerant circulation circuit in which the pressure of the refrigerant is equal to or higher than the critical pressure. Therefore, the refrigerant flowing through the water flow path of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger is heated and the refrigerant flowing through the radiator of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger is pressurized above the critical pressure by the compressor. Even if the temperature is lowered due to the heat deprived by the flowing water in the water flow path of the exchanger, it does not condense, making it easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water throughout the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, And heat exchange efficiency can be increased. In addition, since it is carbon dioxide, even if the refrigerant leaks to the outside, the effect on global warming is greatly reduced compared to the R-410A refrigerant used in general air conditioners. Can be made into an environmentally friendly heat pump water heater.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are top view views of the heat pump water heater in the second embodiment of the present invention. The assigned numbers are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 6 denotes an air-refrigerant heat exchanger, which is configured in a square shape when viewed from above, and is configured such that the entire left side of the main unit 1 becomes the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. ing. A blower fan is provided inward of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 so as to flow air upward. Reference numeral 16 indicated by a one-dot chain line is a bell mouth outside the blower fan 7. A hot water storage tank 9 is provided on the left side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. An original mixing valve 27 and a previous mixing valve 29 are arranged above the hot water storage tank 9, and each hot water supply circuit side component is housed in a compact manner. Reference numeral 36 denotes the flow of the wind. The wind flows from the entire circumference of the square-shaped air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat.

  FIG. 5 shows an example in which the blower fan 7 is disposed above the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, and the assigned numbers are the same as those in FIG. 4. If the front interior view can be referred to FIG. 3, the arrangement is the same as FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 can be formed in a square shape, and its area can be made larger than that of the main unit 1. In particular, when viewed from the installation area, the area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 can be increased without a dead space, so that the evaporation area is increased, and as a result, the heat pump capability and the heating capability can be increased. When hot water is supplied, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 9 is used to supply hot water to the hot water supply terminal or heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 without using the hot water storage tank 9 according to the rising state of the refrigerant circulation circuit. Since the hot water is directly supplied to the hot water supply terminal, the large heating capacity can make the hot water storage tank smaller and further downsizing can be achieved.

  Thereby, the cost can be reduced. Moreover, even if only one blower fan 7 is used, it is possible to secure an evaporation capacity close to or equivalent to the conventional example using two blower fans, so that the noise can be reduced by the blower fan, and the usability is greatly improved. In addition, the cost can be reduced.

  In addition, heat exchange capacity is achieved even when installed in a closed space such as an MB (meter box) by flowing air from the entire circumference of the square-shaped air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat. Installation versatility can be improved without going down.

  Further, when FIG. 4 in which the blower fan 7 is placed inside the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is compared with FIG. 5 that is arranged on the upper side, it can be considered as the same area. Since the air-refrigerant heat exchanger can be extended further upward, the area can be increased.

  However, since the diameter of the blower fan 7 must be reduced accordingly, the air volume of the blower fan 7 is reduced. As shown in FIG. 5, when the blower fan 7 is arranged above the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, the area of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is reduced, but the air volume of the blower fan 7 can be earned. Yes, if the airflow is the same, noise can be reduced. In this regard, it can be said that an optimal shape including various performances may be considered. In any case, compared with the case where the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 shown in the conventional example is formed in a flat plate shape or a U shape and the flow of the wind by the blower fan 7 is caused to flow forward, the heating performance is greatly increased. Improvement and low noise can be realized.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 6 is a top view of the heat pump water heater in the third embodiment of the present invention. The assigned numbers are the same as those in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 6, 6 is an air-refrigerant heat exchanger, which is configured in a U-shape (that is, a U-shape) with the right side opened when viewed from above, and the left side of the main unit 1 is the air-refrigerant. The heat exchanger 6 is configured. A blower fan is provided above the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 so as to flow air upward. (As shown in the second embodiment, there is a case where the blower fan 7 is placed inside the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, but it is not shown as a derivative form that can be considered from the second embodiment. )
Reference numeral 16 indicated by a one-dot chain line is a bell mouth outside the blower fan 7. A hot water storage tank 9 is provided on the left side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. The hot water storage tank and the air-refrigerant heat exchanger are partitioned by a partition plate 42. An original mixing valve 27 and a previous mixing valve 29 are arranged above the hot water storage tank 9, and each hot water supply circuit side component is housed in a compact manner. Reference numeral 39 denotes the flow of wind by the blower fan 7. The wind is passed from three directions of the U-shaped air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 can have a U-shape (in the figure, a U-shape), and its area can be larger than that of the main unit 1. In particular, when viewed from the installation area, the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 can be extended forward, and the area can be increased. Therefore, the evaporation area is increased, and as a result, the heat pump capacity and the heating capacity can be increased. It becomes possible. When hot water is supplied, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 9 is used to supply hot water to the hot water supply terminal or heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 without using the hot water storage tank 9 according to the rising state of the refrigerant circulation circuit. Since the hot water is directly supplied to the hot water supply terminal, the large heating capacity can make the hot water storage tank smaller and further downsizing can be achieved. Thereby, the cost can be reduced. Moreover, even if only one blower fan 7 is used, it is possible to secure an evaporation capacity close to or equivalent to the conventional example using two blower fans, so that the noise can be reduced by the blower fan, and the usability is greatly improved. In addition, the cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, the hot water storage tank is cooled by the flow of air by flowing air from the three directions of the U-shaped (in the figure, U-shaped) air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 and not from the hot water storage tank 9 side. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the hot water stored from being lowered, and to prevent problems such as running out of hot water during actual use.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 7 is a top view of the heat pump water heater according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, and the assigned numbers are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 7, reference numeral 6 denotes an air-refrigerant heat exchanger, which is configured in a square shape when viewed from above, and is configured such that the entire left side of the main unit 1 becomes the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. ing. A blower fan is provided inward of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 so as to flow air upward. Reference numeral 16 indicated by a one-dot chain line is a bell mouth outside the blower fan 7. 9 is a hot water storage tank provided on the left side of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, and the hot water storage tank and the air-refrigerant heat exchanger are partitioned by a “<”-shaped partition plate 42 as viewed from above. In other words, it has a shape having an expanded portion in the direction of the hot water storage tank 9. An original mixing valve 27 and a previous mixing valve 29 are arranged above the hot water storage tank 9, and each hot water supply circuit side component is housed in a compact manner.

  39 shows the flow of the air sent to the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6, and since the partition plate 42 has a "<" shape, there is also an air flow from the hot water storage tank 9 side. The heat exchanger 6 can be effectively exchanged heat all around.

  Further, the partition plate 42 has a shape that is substantially concentric with the hot water storage tank 9, so that it is possible to further increase the crossing.

In particular, when viewed from the installation area, the fact that the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 can be effectively used on the front surface increases the evaporation area, which in turn can increase the heat pump capability and the heating capability. When hot water is supplied, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 9 is used to supply hot water to the hot water supply terminal or heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 without using the hot water storage tank 9 according to the rising state of the refrigerant circulation circuit. The hot water can be supplied directly to the hot water supply terminal, so the large heating capacity can make the hot water storage tank smaller and make it more compact, Cost reduction is also possible. Moreover, even if only one blower fan 7 is used, it is possible to secure an evaporation capacity close to or equivalent to the conventional example using two blower fans, so that the noise can be reduced by the blower fan, and the usability is greatly improved. In addition, the cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, even when installed in a closed space such as an MB (meter box) by flowing air from the entire circumference of the B-shaped air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 and exchanging heat, the heat exchanging ability is Installation versatility can be improved without going down.

(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 8 is a front interior view of a heat pump water heater in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Since the assigned numbers are the same as those in the first embodiment, the details are omitted, and only different portions will be described. Reference numeral 40 denotes a compressor cover which is placed on the heat exchange support plate 5 and is protruded upward so as to cover the compressor 2. The compressor cover 40 is disposed below the B-shaped or U-shaped air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6. The compressor 2 is vertically large because of its vertical shape, but by overhanging the portion, the heat exchange performance of the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is not impaired, and compactness can be maintained. It becomes.

  Further, the air flow sucked by the blower fan 7 and inside the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is as indicated by 41. The air flowing in from below the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 is heat-exchanged by the air-refrigerant heat exchanger 6 and flows upward along the compressor cover 40. At this time, the air flowing in from the entire circumference (in the case of a square shape) or from three directions (in the case of a square shape) collides at the center, so that a collision sound is generated and the noise level is increased. However, since it is rectified by the compressor cover 40, such abnormal noise does not occur and noise can be reduced.

  Thereby, it can be set as the heat pump water heater which can belong to 3 elements, compactness, a large heating capability, and low noise.

  As described above, the present invention is applied to a heat pump water heater that generates and supplies hot water in a heat pump cycle, and is suitable, for example, for an instantaneous water heater for home use or a hot water supply device for business use.

The schematic perspective view of the heat pump water heater in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Circuit diagram of the heat pump water heater Front view of the heat pump water heater Top view of the heat pump water heater in the second embodiment of the present invention Top view of the heat pump water heater Top view of the heat pump water heater in the third embodiment of the present invention Top view of the heat pump water heater in the fourth embodiment of the present invention Front interior view of a heat pump water heater in the fifth embodiment of the present invention Circuit diagram of a conventional heat pump water heater

Explanation of symbols

1 Housing (main unit)
2 Compressor 3 Radiator 4 Pressure reducing means 6 Evaporator (Air-refrigerant heat exchanger)
7 Blower fan (Blower unit)
8 Water-refrigerant heat exchanger 9 Hot water storage means (hot water storage tank)
40 Projecting part (compressor cover)
42 Partition plate

Claims (8)

A compressor, a radiator, a decompression unit, and an evaporator are sequentially connected to form a closed circuit, a refrigerant circulation circuit that circulates the refrigerant, a blowing unit that blows air to the evaporator, and water that exchanges heat with the radiator A refrigerant heat exchanger, hot water storage means connected to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and storing hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and a housing forming at least a part of the outer shell of the device The heat pump water heater is configured so that the evaporator is disposed substantially above the casing, and an air flow emitted from the blower is discharged from the upper surface side of the casing. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator is configured in a substantially square shape when viewed from the upper surface side of the casing, and the air blowing means is disposed on the upper side in the evaporator or in the vicinity of the upper part thereof. The heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator is configured in a substantially U-shape when viewed from the upper surface side of the housing, and the air blowing means is disposed on the upper side in the evaporator or in the vicinity of the upper part thereof. An evaporator and hot water storage means are arranged substantially in parallel in the horizontal direction, and a partition plate having a spreading portion in the direction of the hot water storage means is provided between the hot water storage means and the evaporator, and air emitted from the air blowing means The heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow is configured to flow along the expansion portion. The heat pump water heater according to claim 4, wherein the hot water storage means is substantially cylindrical, and the partition plate is substantially concentric with the substantially cylindrical shape of the hot water storage means. A heat exchange support plate that supports the evaporator is provided below the evaporator, and the heat exchange support plate has a convex portion upward, and a compressor is disposed inside the convex portion. The heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The hot water warmed by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is stored in the hot water storage means, and can be directly passed to the hot water supply terminal without passing through the hot water storage means. The heat pump water heater described. The heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein carbon dioxide gas is used as the refrigerant.

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