JP2006097923A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilator capable of purifying oily contamination including oily smoke and the like generated by cooking and the like by heating-decomposition and vaporization, about the ventilator for household use or for business use. <P>SOLUTION: The ventilator has a filter 4, a fan 2, a catalyst 7 for coating an inner part of a ventilation passage of a ventilator main body 1 and a heating means 5 for heating the catalyst 7. The catalyst 7 consists of a first catalyst including one or more metallic compounds selected from Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs and a second catalyst consisting of composite oxide of Cu and V. As heating-decomposition and vaporization of oil is made possible by heating a catalyst coating surface on which oily contamination is adhered, it is possible to provide the ventilator which can always be kept clean. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilator for home kitchen or business use, and more particularly to a ventilator having a self-cleaning function for preventing an unpleasant state due to oil stains such as oily smoke generated during cooking.

  Ventilators for home kitchens or commercial use have the function of sucking oil smoke and water vapor generated during cooking and discharging them to the outside, but the ventilation path is contaminated with oil after long-term use. There was a problem. In order to solve these problems, a method has been proposed in which oil stains are self-decomposed and the ventilation device is always kept clean and clean (for example, Patent Document 1). The configuration will be described below with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a fan motor 102 is provided inside the main body 101, and a filter 104 is provided at the intake port 103 of the main body 101. An exhaust port 105 is provided in the main body 101, and a far infrared heat source 106 is provided inside the main body 101. A heating catalyst 107 is applied to the filter 104.

In the above configuration, when the far-infrared heat source 106 is energized and heated, the filter 104 is heated, and the cooking oil attached to the surface of the filter 104 is decomposed and vaporized by the action of the heating catalyst 107.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No.59-151029

  However, in such a conventional ventilator, in order to activate the heating catalyst 107, it is necessary to raise the filter 104 to a high temperature of 300 ° C. or more, and there is a problem that energy loss is large.

  In addition, various catalysts having a precious metal catalyst such as Pt and Pd, which are active at low temperatures, have been proposed. However, a catalyst having a precious metal catalyst as a main component is inferior in economic efficiency, so that the range of use is limited. was there.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilator that is inexpensive and can thermally decompose and vaporize oil at a lower temperature.

  The ventilator according to the present invention for solving the above-described problems is a main body having a ventilation path, a fan provided in the ventilation path, a motor for driving the ventilation body, and air passing therethrough as described in claim 1. And a ventilation device comprising a filter that covers at least one of the filter, the fan, and the inside of the ventilation path, and heating means for heating the catalyst, wherein the catalyst is made of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. It is characterized by being a catalyst comprising a first catalyst containing one or more selected metal compounds and a second catalyst made of a complex oxide of Cu and V.

Further, in the ventilator according to claim 2, the second catalyst contains any one or more mixed metal oxides selected from Cu ₅ V ₂ O ₁₀ , CuV ₂ O ₆ , and Cu ₃ V ₂ O _8. It is characterized by.

Further, the ventilator according to claim 3 is an alkali silicate composed of silicates such as Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, LiO ₂ , inorganic colloids such as silica sol and alumina sol, alkoxides such as silicon, titanium and aluminum and the like. Fix the catalyst to any one or more of the filter, fan, and air passage using a binder containing one or more of hydrolyzate, aluminum phosphate, dichromate, cement, silicone resin, or fluororesin It is characterized by that.

  The ventilator according to claim 4 is characterized in that the molar ratio of the first catalyst to the second catalyst is in the range of 1: 3 to 5: 1.

  The ventilator according to claim 5 is characterized in that the heating means is a heater.

  The ventilation device according to claim 6 is characterized in that the heating means heats the catalyst temperature to a temperature of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C.

  The ventilator according to claim 7 is characterized in that the heating means heats the catalyst temperature from 150 ° C. to 300 ° C. and maintains the temperature for 20 minutes or more.

  The ventilator according to claim 8 is characterized in that a switch for controlling operation / stop of the heating means is provided.

  The ventilator according to claim 9 is characterized in that a controller for starting the operation of the heating means is provided in conjunction with the fan and the motor.

  The ventilator according to claim 10 is characterized in that the filter is made of a porous metal.

  The ventilator according to claim 11 is characterized in that a plurality of filters are stacked.

  The ventilator according to claim 12 is characterized in that the filter and / or the fan is detachable.

  Further, the ventilator according to claim 13 is characterized in that the shape of the front and back of the filter is the same, and it can be used regardless of which surface is upstream with respect to the ventilation direction.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the oil stains, such as oil smoke which generate | occur | produces by cooking etc., can be thermally decomposed and vaporized at low temperature, and it has a self-purification function and can provide an inexpensive ventilation apparatus.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the ventilator of the present invention is provided with a fan 2 and a motor 3 for driving the fan 2 inside the ventilator main body 1. A filter 4 and a heating means 5 are provided on the upstream side of the fan 2 of the main body 1, and an oil decomposition catalyst 7 is coated on the surface of the filter 4, the surface of the fan 2, and the inner surface of the front hood 6. The front hood 6 is provided with a heating means 5 and a control means 10 for the fan 2.

  With the above configuration, the air containing oily smoke and water vapor generated during cooking is sucked from the intake port 8 by driving the fan 2 of the ventilator body 1 and discharged to the exhaust port 9. When oil smoke passes through the ventilator main body 1, most of the oil is collected by the filter 4, and a part of the oil adheres to the inner surface of the front hood 6 and the fan 2. The portion to which these oils adhere is covered with the catalyst 7. When the temperature in the ventilator main body 1 is raised by heating the heating means 5 by the control means 10, the catalyst 7 is activated, and the surface of the catalyst 7 is activated. Since the adhered oil is thermally decomposed and vaporized, the ventilation device can be kept clean without accumulation of oil stains. Since the control means 10 is provided in the front hood and can control the operation and stop of the heating means 5, the switch of the control means 10 can be switched at any timing when the user of the ventilator of the present invention notices oil stains. Put in and clean up dirt.

  In the conventional example, it was necessary to raise the catalyst surface temperature to 300 ° C. or higher. However, in the present invention, the catalyst 7 is a first containing one or more metal compounds selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. And a second catalyst made of a complex oxide of Cu and V, the oil can be thermally decomposed at a lower temperature than in the past, and the inside of the ventilator is kept clean with less energy In addition, the heat load applied to the fan 2 and the motor 3 can be reduced.

As a component of the catalyst 7 of the present invention, at least one metal compound selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs is required as the first catalyst, and the metal compound includes nitrate, sulfate, and oxide. Any of these may be used. As the second catalyst, a complex oxide of Cu and V is required, and one or more complex metal oxides selected from Cu ₅ V ₂ O ₁₀ , CuV ₂ O ₆ , and Cu ₃ V ₂ O ₈ are used. Is more preferable. The main catalyst that contributes to the decomposition activity of oil is a complex oxide of Cu and V. If the amount of these is too small, sufficient oxidation reaction cannot be exerted. Therefore, these catalysts are moles of the first catalyst and the second catalyst. The ratio is preferably in the range of 1: 3 to 5: 1.

  The heating means of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the catalyst surface temperature can be raised, and a heater, a heat exchanger using hot water or gas, an IH heater, a halogen lamp, or the like can be used. Among them, the energization type heater is preferable because it is inexpensive, the heating temperature is easy to control, and the temperature rise is relatively fast.

  In order to thermally decompose and vaporize the oil adhering to the catalyst surface, the catalyst temperature needs to be 150 ° C or higher. However, if the temperature is too high, a thermal load is applied to the entire motor and ventilator, which may cause failure. In order to save energy, the temperature is preferably controlled at 150 ° C. to 300 ° C., more preferably 180 ° C. to 250 ° C. Since heat is applied to the surface on which the catalyst coating is applied, it must be made of a heat-resistant material, such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, titanium and other metals and alloys, glass, SiC, alumina and other ceramics. Can be used. In order to raise the temperature to a predetermined temperature as quickly as possible, a material having a small specific heat is preferable, and stainless steel or aluminum is preferable in view of the problem of corrosion resistance to the catalyst.

  In addition, the filter of the present invention can be used in any shape such as a net, fiber, foam, sponge, honeycomb, slit, plate with a through hole, and air or water vapor containing oil stains. As long as it is a porous shape that can circulate, there is no limitation. However, since oil smoke is a relatively coarse particle and can be collected with high efficiency by physical collision, a shape with a portion that collides linearly with the ventilation direction of oil smoke is preferable. In the case of a plate shape with through holes shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of filters of the first mesh filter 21 and the second mesh filter 22 are used in the traveling direction of the oil smoke 20, and each through hole is used. A method of shifting the positions of these is preferable.

  The ventilator according to the present invention is characterized in that a controller for starting the operation of the heating means is provided in conjunction with the fan and the motor. When the heating means is operated alone, only the area around the heating means becomes locally hot, and only a small range of catalyst can raise the temperature, but by operating the heating means in conjunction with the fan, Can diffuse throughout.

  Moreover, the ventilation apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the filter and / or the fan are detachable. Dust, fibers, or carbonized components that cannot be purified by the catalyst may adhere to the filter or fan, but they can be removed and cleaned because they are detachable and can be kept clean. The filter and / or the fan can be fixed easily by using a clasp or a screw.

  If the front and back of the filter have the same shape, the filter can be installed with the front and back switched. According to this configuration, when the upstream side of the filter is particularly dirty, by replacing the front and back, the upstream side with much dirt can be brought closer to the heating means, and not only hot air but also the radiant heat of the heater can be used. As a result, the thermal decomposition ability of the catalyst can be brought out more effectively. Moreover, the effect that the period until a filter is wash | cleaned can be extended by performing said operation.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is limited to the following description and is not interpreted at all.

(Example 1) Oil decomposition performance of catalyst A solution in which copper sulfate pentahydrate, vanadium oxide n-hydrate and cesium sulfate were mixed and dissolved in pure water at a molar ratio of 1: 2: 3. It dried and kept at a calcination temperature of 680-700 degreeC for 5 hours, and obtained the catalyst powder. The catalyst was sufficiently pulverized in a mortar and used for the following tests.

  Oleic acid 1 (mg), which is the main component of cooking oil, and the catalyst 10 (mg) were mixed, and thermogravimetric analysis was performed under the conditions of an air flow rate of 100 ml / min and a heating rate of 10 ° C./min.

  FIG. 3 shows the measurement results. Oleic acid alone showed almost no change up to about 180 ° C., and the oil remaining rate was about 40% even at 250 ° C., and oil remained up to about 460 ° C. On the other hand, when the catalyst was mixed, the weight decreased from around 50 ° C., and the residual amount was about 60% at 150 ° C., and almost the entire amount was thermally decomposed and evaporated at 250 ° C. The oil appears to have undergone oxidative decomposition and gasification by the catalyst, and it has been found that the oil can be removed at a lower temperature than without the catalyst.

(Example 2) Oil decomposition of catalyst-coated filter The catalyst 700 (g), colloidal silica 290 (g) and surfactant 10 (g) prepared in Example 1 were mixed, placed in a ball mill, and mixed and ground for 3 hours. . A method of dipping a degreased aluminum punching metal filter into the prepared catalyst solution and drying at 300 ° C. was repeated three times to prepare a catalyst-coated filter.

  After measuring the weight of the filter, a commercially available salad oil was applied in a 10 (mg) spot shape, and then placed in a constant temperature bath at 250 ° C. As a comparison, the same oleic acid application was performed on the filter without the catalyst application. After 10 minutes and 30 minutes, the filter was taken out and weighed. The decomposition and vaporization state of salad oil were compared from the amount of change in weight before and after applying temperature. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the heating time and the oil remaining rate. In the catalyst-coated filter, the purification rate was 98% or more in 30 minutes, but in the comparative filter, the purification rate was 75%.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a ventilator capable of thermally decomposing and evaporating oil stains such as smoke generated by cooking at a lower temperature, such as a household kitchen range hood, a commercial ventilator, etc. There are uses.

Schematic sectional view of the ventilator of the present invention Conceptual diagram of filter oil collection Graph of thermogravimetry results of oleic acid Graph showing the relationship between heating time and residual oil rate Schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional ventilation device

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilator main body 2 Fan 3 Motor 4 Filter 5 Heating means 6 Front hood 7 Catalyst 8 Inlet 9 Exhaust 10 Control means 20 Oil smoke 21 First mesh filter 22 Second mesh filter 101 Main body 102 Fan motor 103 Inlet 104 Filter 105 Exhaust port 106 Far infrared heat source 107 Heating catalyst

Claims (13)

A main body having a ventilation path, a fan provided in the ventilation path, a motor for driving the fan, a filter for filtering air passing therethrough, and a catalyst covering any one or more of the filter, the fan, and the ventilation path And a ventilation device comprising heating means for heating the catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a first catalyst containing one or more metal compounds selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, and Cu and V A ventilator characterized by being a catalyst comprising a second catalyst comprising a composite oxide. The ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the _second catalyst contains one or more mixed metal oxides selected from Cu ₅ V ₂ O ₁₀ , CuV ₂ O ₆ , and Cu ₃ V ₂ O _8. . Alkali silicates composed of silicates such as Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, LiO ₂ , inorganic colloids such as silica sol and alumina sol, alkoxides such as silicon, titanium and aluminum and their hydrolysates, aluminum phosphate, dichromic acid The catalyst is fixed to any one or more of a filter, a fan, and a ventilation path using a binder containing at least one of salt, cement, silicone resin, and fluororesin. 2. A ventilation device according to item 2. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the molar ratio of the first catalyst to the second catalyst is in the range of 1: 3 to 5: 1. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heating means is a heater. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heating means heats the catalyst temperature to a temperature of 150 ° C to 300 ° C. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heating means heats the catalyst temperature to a temperature of 150 ° C to 300 ° C and holds the temperature for 20 minutes or more. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a switch for controlling operation / stop of the heating means. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a control unit that starts the operation of the heating means in conjunction with the fan and the motor. The ventilation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the filter is made of a porous metal. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a plurality of filters are stacked. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the filter and / or the fan is detachable. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the shape of the front and back of the filter is the same, and the filter can be used regardless of which surface is upstream with respect to the ventilation direction.

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