JP2006015446A - Super abrasive tool for cutting - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to make a super-abrasive layer in which the lifespans of both sides and the central part of a superabrasive layer are substantially the same, the life of the superabrasive layer is fully used, and the abrasive grains of the superabrasive layer are completely used. An abrasive tool is provided.
A cutter 1 includes a disc-shaped base metal 3 and a superabrasive layer 7 composed of superabrasive grains fixed to one layer on the outer peripheral surface thereof, such as a brazing agent. The superabrasive layer 7 includes side regions in a predetermined range in the width direction from both side edges in the width direction (that is, the thickness direction of the base metal), which is a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the superabrasive layer during processing, and the side regions thereof. The side region is a high-abrasion resistant superabrasive layer that has higher wear resistance than the central region.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting processing tool using superabrasive grains such as diamond abrasive grains and CBN abrasive grains, and more particularly to a cutting superabrasive tool used for cutting hard materials such as concrete and tiles. More specifically, the present invention relates to a single-layer superabrasive tool in which only one superabrasive grain is fixed to the working surface of a base metal.

  Conventionally, a cutting tool using so-called superabrasive grains such as diamond abrasive grains and CBN abrasive grains has been used to cut hard materials such as concrete and tiles. For example, there are disk-shaped wheel cutters, band-shaped band saws, etc., and super-abrasive grains are applied on one side end surface in the width direction, which is also the working surface in the band saw, on the outer peripheral surface that is the working surface in the disk-shaped cutter. The cutting edge is fixed. For example, in the case of a wheel cutter, the superabrasive grains are usually fixed not only on the outer peripheral surface but also on both side surfaces over a certain range in the radial direction from the outer periphery.

  In the past, there were many that used a so-called imprint type in which superabrasive grains were bonded in multiple layers with metal bonds or the like, but in recent years, only one layer of superabrasive grains has been fixed to the working surface with a brazing material such as an active brazing material. It has come to be used.

  JP 2003-275968 discloses a cutting wheel using such a single-layer superabrasive grain layer. In this wheel, slits are provided in the radial direction of the substrate at regular intervals on the outer periphery of the disk-shaped substrate to form a single superabrasive layer in the shape of segment chips, and the wheel rotation direction of each superabrasive layer The particle size of the superabrasive grain on the front side is larger than the particle size of the superabrasive grain on the rear side in the rotational direction. This improves the sharpness of the front side, prevents uneven wear of the segmented superabrasive grain layer, and wears it uniformly as a whole.

  By the way, when cutting concrete etc. with a wheel cutter, a band saw, etc., wear of superabrasive grains on the side edges, that is, abrasive grains on both side edges in the direction of movement of the superabrasive layer during cutting, compared to the center part. And fierce. This is because the chips generated at the time of cutting are discharged in the side direction through the side edges, so that the superabrasive grains on the side edges are more worn by the chips. This is because the superabrasive grains easily fall off due to the chipping of the bond material that holds the slag. Such a problem that the wear at the side edge portions is larger than that at the center portion also occurs in the wheel cutter disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-275968. When the abrasive grains fall off at the side edge, a so-called plate hit occurs where the substrate directly hits the workpiece, and even if healthy abrasive grains remain in the central portion, it becomes unusable.

JP 2003-275968 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems. In particular, the side of the super-abrasive layer is used for the problem that the side edge portion is worn and dropped more than the center portion. The problem is to provide a superabrasive tool for cutting that has substantially the same life at the edge portion and the central portion, achieves a long life as a whole, and can completely use the abrasive grains of the superabrasive layer. And

  In order to solve the above problems, a cutting superabrasive tool according to the present invention is composed of a plate-shaped base metal and a superabrasive layer fixed to only one working surface of at least one end surface of the base metal. The superabrasive layer on the working surface of the one end surface has a central region in which the side regions having a predetermined width from the both side edges in the width direction of the working surface of the one end surface are between the side regions. It is characterized by being a highly wear-resistant superabrasive grain layer with higher wear resistance.

  In one embodiment, the superabrasive layer on the working surface of the one end face is composed of a plurality of superabrasive layers arranged at a predetermined interval in the moving direction of the superabrasive layer during cutting. This side region is a high-abrasion resistant superabrasive layer because the tip ratio is higher than that of the central region. In one embodiment, the chip ratio in the side region is 1.5 times or more the chip ratio in the central region. Here, the chip ratio is defined as the ratio of the total length of the superabrasive layer in the length direction of the working surface of the base metal to the length of the working surface of the base metal 3.

  In another embodiment, with respect to the central region of the superabrasive layer, at least one of the side regions does not protrude in the moving direction of the superabrasive layer during cutting, and the superabrasive layer On the leading edge side in the movement direction, a pocket having an opening in the movement direction is not formed.

  In still another embodiment, the abrasive density of the superabrasive layer in the side region is made higher than the abrasive density in the central region, thereby providing high wear resistance.

  In yet another embodiment, the abrasive grains of the superabrasive layer in the side region have a high wear resistance by making the average grain size larger than that in the central region.

  In the superabrasive tool for cutting according to the invention of the present application, the superabrasive layer fixed to the base metal working surface is the width of the working surface in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the superabrasive layer during processing. The side regions in a predetermined range in the width direction from both side edges in the direction are configured to be a high wear-resistant superabrasive layer having higher wear resistance than the central region between the side regions. This enhances the durability and wear resistance of both side regions that are susceptible to damage from the center during cutting work, and realizes that the life of both sides and the center region of the superabrasive layer is substantially the same, As a result, the overall service life was extended and the abrasive grains could be used up.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a cutter 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a front view, and (B) is a flattened outer peripheral surface of a portion indicated by symbol A in (A). (C) is a right side view of (b).

  Although this cutter 1 is shown as a disk-shaped cutter, it may be a so-called offset cutter. The cutter 1 includes a base metal 3 made of, for example, a metal disk such as iron, and superabrasive grains fixed to the end surface of the base metal 3 serving as a working surface of the cutter 1, that is, the outer peripheral surface 5 by a brazing material or the like. And a superabrasive grain layer 7 comprising:

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the superabrasive layer 7 is moved in the moving direction of the superabrasive layer 7 indicated by the arrow D (this cutter can also be used in rotation in the reverse direction). It consists of side regions 8 and 9 in a predetermined range in the width direction from both side edges in the width direction of the working surface (that is, the thickness direction of the base metal 3) that are orthogonal to each other, and a central region 10 therebetween. . As shown in the figure, in the side regions 8 and 9, superabrasive grains are fixed at a narrow interval in the circumferential direction of the base metal 1, and the abrasive density is higher than the central region 10 where the superabrasive particles are fixed at a wider interval. Is high. As a result, the wear resistance of the side regions 8 and 9 is higher than that of the central region 10.

  In FIG. 1 (b), only one row of superabrasive grains is shown in each of the side regions 8 and 9, and only two rows are shown in the center region. However, this is for the convenience of illustration and is limited to this. It is not something. Similarly to the conventional example described above, superabrasive grains 1 are also present on both side surfaces 3a and 3b of the base metal within a predetermined range in the radial direction from the outer periphery thereof, for example, a range indicated by reference numeral 11 in FIG. Although the layer is fixed, the configuration of the superabrasive layer in this part is not the gist of the present invention, and thus the description thereof is omitted. However, the presence or form of the superabrasive grain in this part is not particularly limited in the present invention. Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, the superabrasive grains disposed on the outermost side in the width direction of the base metal in both side regions 8 and 9 are partially slightly from the side surfaces 3 a and 3 b of the base metal 3. It is desirable to be fixed so as to come out. This prevents the base metal 3 itself from directly hitting the workpiece.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the superabrasive grain layer 21 in another embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 1B of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the side regions 22 and 23 of the superabrasive grain layer 21 are configured using superabrasive grains having a larger abrasive grain size than the central region 24. Thereby, the wear resistance of the side regions 22 and 23 is higher than that of the central region 24.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating various configurations of the superabrasive grain layer 31 in the third embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 1B of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the superabrasive layer 31 is composed of superabrasive layers 31a, 31b, 31c,... Divided into a plurality of pieces in the circumferential direction of the base metal 3 and arranged at predetermined intervals. Yes.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (a), the superabrasive grain layer 31a extends in the circumferential direction of the base metal 3 and has a substantially inverted “U” shape. The regions 32 and 33 are long, and the central region 34 is short. The cutter 30 provided with the superabrasive layer 31a of this shape is preferably used by rotating so that the superabrasive layer 31a moves in the direction of arrow D in FIG. This is because the chips flow along the leading edge portion 35 in the moving direction of the superabrasive grain layer 31a and can be easily discharged. When rotated in the reverse direction, there is a possibility that chips are confined in a void or pocket 36 formed by the side regions 32 and 33 and the central region 34 and having an open end in the moving direction. In the present embodiment, the leading edge portion 35 in the moving direction of the superabrasive grain layer 31a is slightly inclined with respect to the moving direction D. This further improves the discharge of chips.

  The embodiment of the superabrasive grain layer 31a in (b) (hereinafter described using the same reference numerals as the corresponding parts in (a)) is substantially in the shape of the letter “e”, and also on both sides. The regions 32 and 33 are longer than the central region 34.

  In the embodiment of (c), the shape of the “U” is reversed left and right as in (a), but one side region 32 is cut in half along the way. In (d), (i), the shape of the “U” is reversed left and right. Even when the superabrasive grain layer 31a having the shape (c) (d) is adopted, the cutter is used by rotating it in the direction of arrow D in each figure as described in connection with FIG. It is desirable to do.

  In the embodiment of (e), the superabrasive grain layer 31a is shaped like a substantially “Z” character reversed left and right. When this shape is adopted, chips are discharged well regardless of the direction of rotation. In other words, only one of the side regions 32 and 33 protrudes in the rotational direction with respect to the central region 34 even when rotating in any direction. That is, no pocket is formed on the leading edge side in the moving direction of the superabrasive grain layer 31a even if it rotates in any direction. Discharged.

  Note that the shape of the superabrasive layers 31a, 31b, 31c,... Is not limited to (a) to (e) in FIG. 2, and other shapes can be adopted as necessary. is there.

  By the way, the total ratio of the circumferential length of the superabrasive grain layer 31 to the circumferential length of the base metal 3 is defined as a chip ratio, and this tip ratio is defined as the side region 32 of the superabrasive grain layer 31. 33 and the central region 34 are individually applied, the chip ratio is larger in the side regions 32 and 33 than in the central region 34 as can be seen from the description in any of the above embodiments. Thereby, the wear resistance of the side regions 32 and 33 is higher than that of the central region 34. Note that the chip ratios of both the side regions 32 and 33 are not necessarily the same. Moreover, in each figure of FIG. 3, although both sides 32 and 33 showed only one row of abrasive grains and the center part area | region 34 was shown in 2 rows or 3 rows, this is for convenience to make a figure easy to understand, However, the present invention is not limited to this.

  FIG. 4 is a front view showing a cutter 41 in the fourth embodiment. The cutter 41 is also of a disk type, but slits 42 are formed in the radial direction at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portion, and a predetermined number of segments 43a, 43b, 43c,... Are formed. . Only one superabrasive grain is fixed on the end faces, that is, the outer peripheral surfaces of the segments 43a, 43b, 43c,... To form a superabrasive grain layer. As the configuration of the superabrasive layer, any one of those employed in the first to third embodiments described above, or any combination thereof can be employed.

  FIG. 5 is a partial front view showing a part of a band saw 51 as a cutting tool according to the fifth embodiment. The band saw 51 includes a long base metal 53, and segments 57a and 57b having predetermined heights and lengths at predetermined intervals in the length direction on one side surface 55 side in the width direction serving as a working surface. , 57c..., And only one superabrasive grain is fixed on the end surfaces of the segments 57a, 57b, 57c. As the configuration of the superabrasive grain layer, any one adopted in the first to third embodiments described above, or any combination thereof can be adopted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the cutter which is a cutting tool concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a front view, (B) is the top view which expand | deployed the part shown by the code | symbol A of (A) flatly (C) is a right side view of (b). It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment and is a figure corresponding to FIG. 1 (B). It is a figure which shows the various structures of the superabrasive grain layer of 3rd Embodiment, and is a figure corresponding to FIG. 1 (B). It is a front view of the cutter concerning a 4th embodiment. It is a partial front view of the band saw which is a cutting tool in 5th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1: Cutter 3: Base metal 5: Working surface 7: Superabrasive layer 8, 9: Side region 10: Center region

Claims (6)

  In the cutting superabrasive tool comprising a plate-shaped base metal and a superabrasive layer composed of superabrasive grains fixed to only one surface of the base metal on the working surface, the action of the one end face The superabrasive layer on the surface is more resistant to wear than the central region between the side regions in a predetermined range in the width direction from both side edges in the width direction of the working surface of the one end surface. A superabrasive tool for cutting, characterized in that it is a high wear-resistant superabrasive layer.   The superabrasive tool for cutting according to claim 1, wherein the superabrasive layer on the working surface of the one end face is a plurality of superabrasive grains arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the superabrasive layer during cutting. A superabrasive tool for cutting, comprising a layer, wherein the side region has a higher tip ratio than the central region.   The cutting superabrasive tool according to claim 2, wherein the chip ratio of the side region is 1.5 times or more of the chip ratio of the central region.   4. The cutting superabrasive tool according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the side regions is a moving direction of the superabrasive layer during cutting with respect to the central region of the superabrasive layer. The cutting superabrasive tool is characterized in that a pocket having an opening in the moving direction is not formed on the leading edge side in the moving direction of the superabrasive grain layer.   The superabrasive tool for cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the abrasive density in the side region is higher than the abrasive density in the central region. Super abrasive tool for cutting.   The superabrasive tool for cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the superabrasive grains in the side region have a larger average grain size than the superabrasive grains in the central region. , Super abrasive tool for cutting.

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