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JP2005520837A5
JP2005520837A5 JP2003577629A JP2003577629A JP2005520837A5 JP 2005520837 A5 JP2005520837 A5 JP 2005520837A5 JP 2003577629 A JP2003577629 A JP 2003577629A JP 2003577629 A JP2003577629 A JP 2003577629A JP 2005520837 A5 JP2005520837 A5 JP 2005520837A5
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dihydronepetalactone
mixture
composition according
stereoisomers
repel
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Priority claimed from PCT/US2003/008516 external-priority patent/WO2003079786A1/en
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累積的にこのデータは、３つの試験濃度全てで、イソプロピルアルコール処理と比較して、実験の経過中（２０分）、ジヒドロネペタラクトンでの処理が膜の探査を顕著に減じることを示す。試験した全ての濃度で、ジヒドロネペタラクトンは、観察期間全体にわたって蚊の忌避剤としての有効性を有した。またジヒドロネペタラクトン濃度と、最初の蚊が着地して膜の探査を開始するまでの経過時間の間には直接的な関係があった。全体的にデータは、トランス，シス−ネペタラクトンの水素付加に由来するジヒドロネペタラクトンが効果的な忌避剤であり、これらの試験において有効性がＤＥＥＴと同等であることを示す。

なお、本発明の主たる特徴及び態様を示せば次のとおりである。
１． （ａ）皮膚科学的に許容可能な担体、および（ｂ）サシバエ、ツツガムシ、ノミ、蚊、ダニおよびシラミからなる昆虫の群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上を忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなり、ここで、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはそれらの立体異性体が一般式：

Figure 2005520837
によって示される組成物。
２． （ａ）サシバエ、ツツガムシ、ノミ、蚊、ダニおよびシラミからなる昆虫の群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上を忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物、および（ｂ）有機および無機液体、固体および半固体状担体および担体調合物よりなる群から選択される担体を含んでなり、ここで、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはそれらの立体異性体が一般式：
Figure 2005520837
 によって示される組成物。
３． 組成物の総重量の約０．００１重量％〜約８０重量％の量でジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
４． 添加剤およびジヒドロネペタラクトンでない昆虫忌避化合物の一方または両方をさらに含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
５． 添加剤が、増粘剤、緩衝剤、キレート剤、保存剤、芳香剤、抗酸化剤、ゲル化剤、安定剤、界面活性剤、皮膚軟化剤、着色剤、アロエベラ、ワックス、共力剤および治療的もしくは美容的に活性な成分よりなる群から選択される上記４に記載の組成物。
６． 担体が、液体脂肪族炭化水素および液体芳香族炭化水素よりなる群から選択される上記１または２に記載の組成物。
７． 担体が、シリコーン、ワセリン、ラノリン、液体炭化水素、農業用噴霧油、パラフィン油、トール油、液体テルペン系炭化水素およびテルペンアルコール、脂肪族および芳香族アルコール、エステル、アルデヒド、ケトン、鉱物油、高級アルコール、微粉砕された有機および無機固体材料よりなる群から選択される上記１または２に記載の組成物。
８． 担体が、合成および天然粘土、ベントナイト、アタパルガイト、フラー土、珪藻土、カオリン、雲母、滑石、微粉砕石英、シリカエアロゲル、沈降シリカ、ヒュームドシリカ、セルロース、おがくず、合成有機ポリマー、蝋質固形物、ゲルおよびラノリンよりなる群から選択される上記１または２に記載の組成物。
９． 担体が、圧縮ガスによって、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を大気中に分散させるように適応されたエアゾール組成物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１０． ヒトまたは動物宿主に塗布される上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１１． サシバエを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１２． ブヨ、緑眼アブおよびサシバエ（ｓｔａｂｌｅ ｆｌｙ）からなるサシバエの群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上を忌避するのに効果的な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１３． ツツガムシを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１４． ノミを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１５． 蚊を忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１６． ダニを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１７． シラミを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる上記１または２に記載の組成物。
１８． 製品の形態である上記１〜１７のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
１９． コロン水、ローション、スプレー、クリーム、ジェル、軟膏、フォーム、メイクアップ、デオドラント、シャンプー、ヘアスプレー、リンス、石鹸、空気清浄剤、ろうそく、香料入り製品、繊維、シート、布、衣類、網、布帛、紙、塗料、インク、粘土、木材、家具、カーペット、衛生用品、プラスチックまたはポリマーである上記１８に記載の製品。
２０． 昆虫を一般式：
Figure 2005520837
 によって示されるジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる、サシバエ、ツツガムシ、ノミ、蚊、ダニ、およびシラミからなる昆虫の群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上の忌避方法。
２１． サシバエをジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２２． ブヨ、緑眼アブ、およびサシバエ（ｓｔａｂｌｅ ｆｌｙ）からなるサシバエの群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上をジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２３． ツツガムシをジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２４． ノミをジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２５． 蚊をジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２６． ダニをジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２７． シラミをジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２８． １種もしくはそれ以上の昆虫を、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を組成物の総重量の約０．００１重量％〜約８０重量％の量で含んでなる組成物に曝露することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
２９． 組成物が、添加剤およびジヒドロネペタラクトンでない昆虫忌避化合物の一方または両方を含んでなる上記２８に記載の方法。
３０． 添加剤が、増粘剤、緩衝剤、キレート剤、保存剤、芳香剤、抗酸化剤、ゲル化剤、安定剤、界面活性剤、皮膚軟化剤、着色剤、アロエベラ、ワックス、共力剤および治療的にもしくは美容的に活性な成分よりなる群から選択される上記２９に記載の方法。
３１． 組成物が、シリコーン、ワセリン、ラノリン、液体炭化水素、農業用噴霧油、パラフィン油、トール油、液体テルペン系炭化水素およびテルペンアルコール、脂肪族および芳香族アルコール、エステル、アルデヒド、ケトン、鉱物油、高級アルコール、微粉砕された有機および無機固体材料よりなる群から選択される担体を含んでなる上記２８に記載の方法。
３２． 組成物が、圧縮ガスによって、ジヒドロネペタラクトンを大気中に分散するように適応されたエアゾール組成物を含んでなる上記２８に記載の方法。
３３． 組成物が、コロン水、ローション、スプレー、クリーム、ジェル、軟膏、入浴もしくはシャワージェル、フォーム製品、メイクアップ、デオドラント、シャンプー、ヘアスプレーもしくはリンスまたは化粧石鹸の形態である上記２８に記載の方法。
３４． ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物をヒトまたは動物宿主に適用することを含んでなる上記２０に記載の方法。
３５． 炭素上に担持されたパラジウムを含んでなる触媒化合物の存在下で、下記スキーム：
Figure 2005520837
 に従って、式（ＸＶ）のネペタラクトンを水素添加することを含んでなる式（ＸＶＩ）のジヒドロネペタラクトンの製造方法。 Cumulatively, this data shows that treatment with dihydronepetalactone significantly reduces membrane exploration during the course of the experiment (20 minutes) compared to isopropyl alcohol treatment at all three test concentrations. At all concentrations tested, dihydronepetalactone had efficacy as a mosquito repellent throughout the observation period. There was also a direct relationship between the concentration of dihydronepetalactone and the time elapsed between the first mosquito landing and the exploration of the membrane. Overall the data show that dihydronepetalactone derived from the hydrogenation of trans, cis-nepetalactone is an effective repellent and has efficacy comparable to DEET in these tests.

The main features and aspects of the present invention are as follows.
1. (A) a dermatologically acceptable carrier, and (b) an amount of dihydro effective to repel any one or more members of the group of insects consisting of flies, tsutsugamushi, fleas, mosquitoes, mites and lice Comprising nepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers, wherein the dihydronepetalactone or stereoisomer thereof has the general formula:
Figure 2005520837
 A composition indicated by
2. (A) a dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in an amount effective to repel any one or more members of the group of insects consisting of flies, tsutsugamushi, fleas, mosquitoes, mites and lice; and (B) comprising a carrier selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic liquids, solid and semi-solid carriers and carrier formulations, wherein dihydronepetalactone or a stereoisomer thereof has the general formula:
Figure 2005520837
 A composition indicated by
3. 3. The composition of claim 1 or 2 comprising dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in an amount of about 0.001% to about 80% by weight of the total weight of the composition.
4). 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 further comprising one or both of an additive and an insect repellent compound that is not dihydronepetalactone.
5. Additives include thickeners, buffers, chelating agents, preservatives, fragrances, antioxidants, gelling agents, stabilizers, surfactants, emollients, colorants, aloe vera, waxes, synergists and 5. The composition according to 4 above, selected from the group consisting of therapeutically or cosmetically active ingredients.
6). 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of a liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon and a liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.
7). Carrier is silicone, petrolatum, lanolin, liquid hydrocarbon, agricultural spray oil, paraffin oil, tall oil, liquid terpene hydrocarbon and terpene alcohol, aliphatic and aromatic alcohol, ester, aldehyde, ketone, mineral oil, high grade 3. A composition according to 1 or 2 above selected from the group consisting of alcohol, finely ground organic and inorganic solid materials.
8). Synthetic and natural clay, bentonite, attapulgite, fuller earth, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, mica, talc, finely ground quartz, silica aerogel, precipitated silica, fumed silica, cellulose, sawdust, synthetic organic polymer, waxy solid, 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 above, which is selected from the group consisting of a gel and lanolin.
9. 3. A composition according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the carrier comprises an aerosol composition adapted to disperse dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in the atmosphere by compressed gas.
10. 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 above, which is applied to a human or animal host.
11. 3. A composition according to 1 or 2 above, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel fly flies.
12 A dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in an amount effective to repel any one or more members of the flies group consisting of gnats, green eyed flies and stable flies 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 above.
13. 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 above, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of stereoisomers of dihydronepetalactone effective for repelling the tsutsugamushi.
14 3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel fleas.
15. 3. The composition according to 1 or 2 above, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel mosquitoes.
16. 3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel mites.
17. 3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel lice.
18. The composition according to any one of 1 to 17 above, which is in the form of a product.
19. Cologne water, lotion, spray, cream, gel, ointment, foam, makeup, deodorant, shampoo, hair spray, rinse, soap, air freshener, candle, scented product, fiber, sheet, cloth, clothing, net, fabric 19. The product of claim 18, which is paper, paint, ink, clay, wood, furniture, carpet, sanitary ware, plastic or polymer.
20. General formula for insects:
Figure 2005520837
 Any one or more of the group of insects consisting of flies, azaleas, fleas, mosquitoes, ticks, and lice comprising exposing to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers represented by Repelling method.
21. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing the fly to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers.
22. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing any one or more members of the group of flies consisting of gnats, green eye abs, and stable flies to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers. the method of.
23. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing the tsutsugamushi to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers.
24. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing the flea to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers.
25. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing the mosquito to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers.
26. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing mites to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers.
27. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising exposing the lice to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers.
28. One or more insects are exposed to a composition comprising dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in an amount from about 0.001% to about 80% by weight of the total weight of the composition. 21. The method according to 20 above, comprising:
29. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the composition comprises one or both of an additive and an insect repellent compound that is not dihydronepetalactone.
30. Additives include thickeners, buffers, chelating agents, preservatives, fragrances, antioxidants, gelling agents, stabilizers, surfactants, emollients, colorants, aloe vera, waxes, synergists and 30. The method of claim 29, selected from the group consisting of therapeutically or cosmetically active ingredients.
31. The composition comprises silicone, petrolatum, lanolin, liquid hydrocarbons, agricultural spray oil, paraffin oil, tall oil, liquid terpene hydrocarbons and terpene alcohols, aliphatic and aromatic alcohols, esters, aldehydes, ketones, mineral oils, 29. The method of claim 28 comprising a carrier selected from the group consisting of higher alcohols, finely divided organic and inorganic solid materials.
32. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the composition comprises an aerosol composition adapted to disperse dihydronepetalactone in the atmosphere by compressed gas.
33. 29. The method according to 28 above, wherein the composition is in the form of colon water, lotion, spray, cream, gel, ointment, bath or shower gel, foam product, make-up, deodorant, shampoo, hair spray or rinse or cosmetic soap.
34. 21. The method of claim 20, comprising applying dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers to a human or animal host.
35. In the presence of a catalyst compound comprising palladium supported on carbon, the following scheme:
Figure 2005520837
 According to claim 1, a process for the preparation of dihydronepetalactone of formula (XVI) comprising hydrogenating nepetalactone of formula (XV).

Claims (16)

（ａ）皮膚科学的に許容可能な担体、および（ｂ）サシバエ、ツツガムシ、ノミ、蚊、ダニおよびシラミからなる昆虫の群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上を忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなり、ここで、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはそれらの立体異性体が一般式：
Figure 2005520837
 によって示される組成物。 (A) a dermatologically acceptable carrier, and (b) an amount of dihydro effective to repel any one or more members of the group of insects consisting of flies, tsutsugamushi, fleas, mosquitoes, mites and lice Comprising nepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers, wherein the dihydronepetalactone or stereoisomer thereof has the general formula:
Figure 2005520837
 A composition indicated by （ａ）サシバエ、ツツガムシ、ノミ、蚊、ダニおよびシラミからなる昆虫の群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上を忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物、および（ｂ）有機および無機液体、固体および半固体状担体および担体調合物よりなる群から選択される担体を含んでなり、ここで、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはそれらの立体異性体が一般式：
Figure 2005520837
 によって示される組成物。 (A) a dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in an amount effective to repel any one or more members of the group of insects consisting of flies, tsutsugamushi, fleas, mosquitoes, mites and lice; and (B) comprising a carrier selected from the group consisting of organic and inorganic liquids, solid and semi-solid carriers and carrier formulations, wherein dihydronepetalactone or a stereoisomer thereof has the general formula:
Figure 2005520837
 A composition indicated by 添加剤およびジヒドロネペタラクトンでない昆虫忌避化合物の一方または両方をさらに含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   The composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising one or both of an additive and an insect repellent compound that is not dihydronepetalactone. 担体が、圧縮ガスによって、ジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を大気中に分散させるように適応されたエアゾール組成物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   A composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carrier comprises an aerosol composition adapted to disperse dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in the atmosphere by compressed gas. ヒトまたは動物宿主に塗布される請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 applied to a human or animal host. サシバエを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel the fly. ブヨ、緑眼アブおよびサシバエ（ｓｔａｂｌｅ ｆｌｙ）からなるサシバエの群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上を忌避するのに効果的な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   A dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers in an amount effective to repel any one or more members of the flies group consisting of gnats, green eye abs and stable flies The composition according to claim 1 or 2. ツツガムシを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel the tsutsugamushi. ノミを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   A composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel fleas. 蚊を忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   A composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel mosquitoes. ダニを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel mites. シラミを忌避するのに有効な量のジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物を含んでなる請求項１または２に記載の組成物。   A composition according to claim 1 or 2 comprising an amount of dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers effective to repel lice. 製品の形態である請求項１〜１７のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。   The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, which is in the form of a product. コロン水、ローション、スプレー、クリーム、ジェル、軟膏、フォーム、メイクアップ、デオドラント、シャンプー、ヘアスプレー、リンス、石鹸、空気清浄剤、ろうそく、香料入り製品、繊維、シート、布、衣類、網、布帛、紙、塗料、インク、粘土、木材、家具、カーペット、衛生用品、プラスチックまたはポリマーである請求項１８に記載の製品。   Cologne water, lotion, spray, cream, gel, ointment, foam, makeup, deodorant, shampoo, hair spray, rinse, soap, air freshener, candle, scented product, textile, sheet, cloth, clothing, net, fabric 19. A product according to claim 18, which is a paper, paint, ink, clay, wood, furniture, carpet, sanitary article, plastic or polymer. 昆虫を一般式：
Figure 2005520837
 によって示されるジヒドロネペタラクトンまたはジヒドロネペタラクトン立体異性体の混合物に曝露することを含んでなる、サシバエ、ツツガムシ、ノミ、蚊、ダニ、およびシラミからなる昆虫の群のいずれか１員もしくはそれ以上の忌避方法。 General formula for insects:
Figure 2005520837
 Any one or more of the group of insects consisting of flies, azaleas, fleas, mosquitoes, ticks, and lice comprising exposing to dihydronepetalactone or a mixture of dihydronepetalactone stereoisomers represented by Repelling method. 炭素上に担持されたパラジウムを含んでなる触媒化合物の存在下で、下記スキーム：
Figure 2005520837
 に従って、式（ＸＶ）のネペタラクトンを水素添加することを含んでなる式（ＸＶＩ）のジヒドロネペタラクトンの製造方法。
In the presence of a catalyst compound comprising palladium supported on carbon, the following scheme:
Figure 2005520837
 According to claim 1, a process for the preparation of dihydronepetalactone of formula (XVI) comprising hydrogenating nepetalactone of formula (XV).
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