JP2005296903A - Soil removal processing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a loosened soil processing method and a loosened soil processing device capable of complying with the high quality, high productivity, workability, economy, versatility or the like of a loosened object. <P>SOLUTION: Each of cutting blades 41 that are radially arranged in a plurality of upper and lower steps in a processing container 21 and are attached to a vertical rotational axis 35 is horizontally rotated at a high speed to generate a horizontal cutting energy. Then, an improved soil 71 is horizontally cut with the blades 41 generating the horizontal cutting energy by the high-speed horizontal rotation to produce the loosened soil with water in spaces of soil particles held from the injection of the soil into the container 21 from an inlet 22 to the gravity fall of the improved soil in lump at an outlet 23. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention belongs to a technical field for improving bad soil, and more particularly relates to a soil removal processing method and a soil removal processing apparatus for appropriately loosening a massive improved soil having a high water content.

  The mud generated from construction work has already been solidified for effective use. In a general method related to this, coarse components in the mud are classified and pretreated such as agglomeration to some extent, and then cement, granulated slag, gypsum, quick lime, etc. are mixed to solidify the mud. Sludge other than waste mud and excavated soil can be reused as roadbed materials, roadbed materials, backfill materials, etc. if they are solidified without dehydration.

  The reuse of soil resources based on the above ideas has been applied to sedimentary mud in waters such as ponds, swamps, lakes, rivers, and rivers. One example is Tameike. In the past, the sedimentary mud in the pond was dredged or excavated in a flooded state and then disposed of as discarded soil. The reason for taking such measures is that sedimentary mud impairs the function (effective water storage and water quality) of the reservoir. Recently, however, negative factors have increased due to the increasing difficulty in securing a site for disposal of soil, a large environmental burden during transportation of soil disposal, and high processing costs during disposal of soil. It is required to use it effectively in places.

The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 below has been developed to make effective use of mud deposited in a basin, and the main points are as follows. First, a solidified material is added to the sedimentary mud in the pond and stirred to mix. Next, the mixture is left to cure to form a solidified mixture. After that, the solidified mixture is excavated, and the solidified mixture lump is crushed by a crusher to make pieces of appropriate size. The crushed material thus obtained is transported to the embankment embankment and used as embankment material.
JP 2000-248538 A

  The technique of Patent Document 1 that modifies the sedimentary mud in the pond and uses it for the embankment material is as if it is highly useful because the embankment material repairs and reinforces the pond body. Nonetheless, the solidified mixture of sedimentary mud and solidification material has an apparently consolidated state although its water content is lower than that of the sedimentary mud, so the mass of the solidified mixture is passed through a crusher. When making crushed pieces of an appropriate size, it tends to soften due to twisting. Since the soft mud material reduces the troughability of the construction machine, further improvement is required, for example, when it is used as a fill material. The reason why soft mudification occurs is that the structure between soil particles and the cementation effect that binds the soil particles are lost by physical disturbance such as crushing, and the pore water retained between the soil particles. May be leaked along with the destruction.

  The above-mentioned soft mudification phenomenon at the time of crushing increases the cementation effect between soil particles by prolonging the curing period of the solidified mixture, for example, to reduce the water content ratio or doubling the amount of solidified material added. Can be avoided. However, in the former case, it leads to a prolonged construction period, and in the latter case, the cost for soil improvement is high.

  In view of such technical problems, the present invention provides a demolition that can realize solidification retention (preventing soft mud), high quality maintenance, stable treatment, high efficiency treatment, treatment economics, etc. when loosening improved soil. The present invention intends to provide a processing method and a demolition processing apparatus.

  The soil removal processing method according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized by the following problem solving means in order to achieve the intended purpose. That is, this is a vertical cylindrical processing vessel having an upper inlet and a lower outlet in a method for loosening a block of improved soil that has become harder than the initial mud state with the addition of a solidifying material. The horizontal cutting energy is generated by rotating a plurality of cutting blades arranged in a plurality of upper and lower radial stages and mounted on a vertical rotation shaft at a high speed and horizontally, and then introduced into the processing container from the container inlet and gravity. Until the falling lump of improved soil reaches the container outlet, the cutting blade that generates horizontal cutting energy by high-speed horizontal rotation does not turn the improved soil horizontally, and moisture is put into the voids between the soil particles. It is characterized by making a demolition material in a held state.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a demolition treatment method characterized in that, in the method according to the first aspect, the atmospheric temperature in the treatment container is increased to evaporate at least water on the surface of the demolition material.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a demolition processing method wherein the double-edged cutting blade is rotated horizontally at a peripheral speed of 40 to 1000 km / hour in the method according to any one of the first and second aspects.

  The demolition processing apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized by the following problem solving means in order to achieve the intended purpose. That is, the demolition processing apparatus according to claim 4 includes a vertical cylindrical processing container having an upper inlet and a lower outlet, a rotary shaft disposed in a central region in the processing container and extending in the vertical direction, A plurality of long double-edged cutting blades mounted in a plurality of stages on the periphery of the shaft and distributed radially, and a rotary drive system machine connected to the rotating shaft.

  A demolition processing apparatus according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that the apparatus according to claim 6 is equipped with a heat supply system for maintaining the atmosphere in the processing container at a high temperature.

<Glossary>
In the present invention, the term “kaido” is used in the sense of finely loosening a clot. Another expression for “unearthing” is the meaning of cutting a block of soil of a certain size into one of a smaller size (diameter of 150 mm or less). There is no substantial difference between these two implications. In addition, “Kidobutsu” is a word that refers to the smelted material. In addition to this, the term “kneading” is used to mean that soil particles and pore water are mixed together. Usually, when soil with moisture content is subjected to twisting, it becomes muddy.

  It is common to use physical crushing means when loosening a large block of soil into a small piece of demolition. Most of the physical crushing means are to crush or crush the clot with powerful force. The essence is simply applying destructive power, and the rest depends on the destructive phenomenon of “leaving it broken”. Such a crushing means can be crushed without any problem if it is a soil block with a relatively low water content. However, soils with a high water content, etc., become soft mud when blown or broken under pressure. Most of the causes are the aforementioned rebounds. When twisting occurs, the structure between the soil particles and the cementation effect that binds the soil particles are lost, or the pore water retained between the soil particles flows out and becomes soft mud.

  The soil removal processing method and the soil removal processing apparatus according to the present invention instantaneously cut a block of improved soil that falls by gravity with a cutting blade that rotates at high speed horizontally. The improved soil will drop by gravity after this cutting. The improved soil at that time is also cut instantly with a cutting blade rotating at high speed horizontally. By this repeated cutting, the lump improved soil is loosened and becomes a demolition material having a diameter of about 10 to 150 mm. The crushed material produced in this way is not softened. One of the reasons that soft mudification does not occur is that the tool for loosening is a sharp blade (cutting blade), and the other is that the cutting of the lump improved soil with the cutting blade is instantaneous cutting. In the case of instantaneous cutting with a sharp cutting blade, the lump improved soil is torn only at the passage part of the blade and hardly spreads to other places. This means that the demolition material maintains the structure between the soil particles as it is, does not lose the cementation effect that binds the soil particles, and does not cause the pore water retained between the soil particles to flow out. In other words, no twisting occurs when loosening up the massive improved soil. Therefore, when the method and the device of the present invention are used, it is difficult for the soil to be softened. At this time, if the atmospheric temperature soil in the processing container is increased to promote moisture evaporation of the demolition material, softening of the demolition material becomes more difficult to occur.

Since the method of the present invention and the device of the present invention are as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the solidification of the improved soil can be maintained, softening of the soil is not observed.
(2) Soil that has not been softened is of high quality and can be effectively used as it is.
(3) The cutting blade only needs to be rotated horizontally at high speed in the processing vessel, and then stable demolition processing can be performed simply by putting the massive improved soil into the processing vessel.
(4) High-efficiency demolition processing can be performed simply by continuously adding massive improved soil into the processing vessel in which the cutting blade is in operation.
(5) It is not necessary to add a large amount of solidification material to the improved soil in order to avoid soft mud during demolition. Therefore, economic efficiency is achieved when dismantling.
(6) It is not necessary to cure the improved soil over a long period of time to avoid soft mudification during demolition. Therefore, in order to shorten the construction period, it meets the requirement that the demolition material must be prepared early.

  An embodiment of a soil removal processing method and a soil removal processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the unloading processing apparatus exemplified here is mainly composed of a support base 11, an electric motor 15, a transmission system 16, a processing vessel 21, a rotating shaft 35, a cutting blade 41 and others. In addition, a processing object (improved soil) carrying-in system 61 and a demolition material carrying-out system 62 are attached thereto. The material of the parts and members for configuring the demolition processing apparatus is made of metal unless otherwise specified. Moreover, it is made of metal except for known parts whose material is clear. Moreover, steel having excellent mechanical properties such as impact resistance is often used as the metal in that case.

  A support base 11 shown in FIG. 1 includes a base 12 and a frame 13 thereon. The frame 13 in this case is constructed on the pedestal 12 by installing, assembling, or assembling columns, beams, girders, braces, etc., and has a cubic or rectangular parallelepiped skeleton structure. The frame 13 having such a structure is suitable for assembling and supporting a processing container described later. The pedestal 12 and the frame 13 are mainly made of metal, but known materials such as wood, synthetic resin, and composite material may be used in combination.

  The processing container 21 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a vertical cylindrical shape whose upper and lower surfaces are open. A drop guide chute (well-known) is attached to the upper portion of the processing container 21, and serves as an inlet 22 of the processing container 21. The outlet 23 of the processing container 21 corresponds to the open bottom surface of the container. The processing container 21 is assembled to the upper side of the frame 13 as shown in FIG. A space is interposed between the processing vessel 21 and the base 12. Such a processing container 21 may be equipped with scraping means (not shown) for scraping off the soil adhering to the inner surface thereof.

  In FIG. 1, a pair of upper and lower bearings 31 and 32 provided in the processing container 21 for supporting the rotating shaft are well known. One bearing 31 is disposed above the axial center in the processing vessel 21 and is supported via radial (eg, three radial) stays 33 extending between the bearing 31 and the inner wall surface of the processing vessel 21. Yes. The other bearing 32 is disposed below the axial center in the processing container 21 and is supported through a radial stay 33 that extends through the body wall of the processing container 21 and extends between the bearing 32 and the frame 13. . The rotating shaft 35 is at least partially hollow. In the illustrated example, the rotating shaft 35 is hollow except for the lower end portion, and a plurality of air outlets 36 distributed in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction are provided in a plurality of stages on the wall surface of the hollow portion. A mounting portion 37 having an insertion space is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 35 in a plurality of steps. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary shaft 35 is disposed at the axial center in the processing vessel 21 and is supported at both ends by both bearings 31 and 32 so as to be rotatable. A gas supply system pipe 38 for supplying warm air or hot air is connected to the rotating shaft 35 via a connector such as a swivel joint. A gas supply system (not shown) at the base end of the pipe 38 is composed of a blower provided with temperature adjusting means as an example.

  The cutting blade 41 has a long blade shape like a sword in the examples of FIGS. The cutting blade 41 in this illustrated example is a double-edged type having a knife edge 42 at the front edge and the rear edge. A through hole 43 for attaching the cutting blade 41 to the rotary shaft 35 is formed at the base end of the cutting blade 41 (see particularly FIG. 3). There are various types of cutting blades 41 as illustrated in FIG. Among them, the cutting blade 41 in FIG. 3 (A) has a line-symmetric double-edged shape with the center line along the longitudinal direction as the axis of symmetry, and the knife edge 42 has a gently convex (parabolic) curved shape. . The cutting blade 41 of FIG. 3B is also a line-symmetric double-edged type, but the knife edge 42 has a linear shape. The cutting blade 41 as shown in FIG. 3 (B) may have either one end or the other end in the length direction as the tip. Further, the cutting blade 41 shown in FIG. 3C has a disk shape, and the knife edge 42 has an endless shape. Since the cutting blade 41 as shown in FIG. 3C can be the tip at any location of the knife edge 42, any one of the many mounting holes 43 is selected to freely change the tip. be able to. The cutting blade 41 includes a line-symmetric double-edged isosceles triangle type and a single-edged isosceles triangle type. In addition to this, there are also a type of cutting blade 41 of the type as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B and a cutting blade 41 of the type as shown in FIG.

  A connector 51 illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B is for attaching the cutting blade 41 to the rotating shaft 35. The connector 51 of FIG. 5A has an insertion member 52 and a holding member 53 pivotally attached by a pin 54, and a through hole 55 for inserting a connection pin into the insertion member 52 or the holding member 53. 56 is formed. In the coupling tool 51 of FIG. 5A, the insertion member 52 corresponds to the mounting portion 37 of the rotating shaft 35 so as to be pin-coupled, and the two holding members 53 can be pin-coupled to the proximal end portion of the cutting blade 41. Corresponding. On the other hand, the connector 51 of FIG. 5 (B) consists of a chain. In the connector 51 of FIG. 5 (B), both end portions thereof correspond to the attachment portion 37 of the rotating shaft 35 and the base end portion of the cutting blade 41 so as to be pin-coupled. These coupling tools 51 are merely examples, and other coupling tools may be used when the cutting blade 41 is attached to the rotary shaft 35.

  As is apparent with reference to FIGS. 1 to 2, a plurality of (eight) cutting blades 41 are radially attached to the upper and lower plurality of stages (upper and lower three stages) of the rotating shaft 35. That is, one end portion of the coupling tool 51 and the base end portion of the cutting blade 41 are pin-coupled, or the other end portion of the coupling tool 51 and the attachment portion 37 of the rotating shaft 35 are pin-coupled, so that a plurality of cuttings are performed. The blades 41 are attached radially to the attachment portions 37 of each stage. When the connector 51 in this case is the one shown in FIG. 5A, each cutting blade 41 maintains the horizontal state as shown in FIG. 2 regardless of whether or not it is rotating at high speed. However, at each pinning point, each part is rotatable with the pin as a fulcrum, so that each cutting blade 41 can swing in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, when the connector 51 is the one shown in FIG. 5B, each cutting blade 41 when it is not rotating hangs down under its own weight. The cutting blade 41 in this case has a long effective use period such as the double-edged type or the disk type as shown in the figure, such that when one knife edge 42 is worn, the other knife edge 42 can be used in reverse. What is more desirable is that the air resistance during high-speed horizontal rotation is extremely small, so that the rotation is stable and the atmosphere in the processing vessel 21 is hardly disturbed.

  With reference to FIG. 1, a cradle 14 is assembled and installed on the outer surface of the body portion of the processing container 21. A well-known electric motor (motor) 15 is mounted on the cradle 14. The transmission system 16 extending between the electric motor 15 and the rotating shaft 35 includes a known driving pulley 17, a known driven pulley 18, a known endless belt 19, and the like. Therefore, with respect to the transmission system 16, the driving pulley 17 is attached to the output shaft of the electric motor 15, the driven pulley 18 is attached to the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 35, and the belt 19 is wound around both pulleys 17 and 18. To do. In this case, the electric motor 15 and the transmission system 16 correspond to a rotary drive system machine for the rotary shaft 35.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a processing object (improved soil) carrying-in system 61 is disposed corresponding to the inlet 22 of the processing container 21, and unloading is performed corresponding to the outlet 23 of the processing container 21. An object carry-out system 62 is arranged. The carry-in system 61 and the carry-out system 62 are constituted by known belt conveyors as an example.

  In the embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the improved soil described below is subjected to a soil removal treatment as follows.

First, regarding the improved soil of the object to be treated, this is a solidified mixture of mud and solidified material, and many have undergone an appropriate curing period such as 3 days to several months. Such improved soil is harder than the initial mud state, but “hard” in this case means that the density is higher and the strength is higher than the initial mud state. The main component of mud is one or more of sand, silt, clay and gravel. The mud contains something other than the main component. The non-principal components are pebbles, wooden pieces, plastic pieces, dumped garbage, and various organic substances. For mud, some or all of the non-main components may be removed by classification and used. Solidifying materials include cement-based materials, gypsum-based materials, and lime-based materials. Specific examples include cement, granulated slag, gypsum and quicklime. A typical example of the solidifying material is a cement-based material, but other materials may be used, and two or more kinds of solidifying materials may be used. Components other than the solidifying material may be added to the solidified mixture (improved soil) of the mud and the solidifying material. In the context of the construction field, concrete mud is construction mud generated by various constructions and sedimentary mud deposited on the bottom of ponds, swamps, lakes, rivers, rivers, and the like. Sedimentary mud contains miscellaneous components, but the main components are clay and silt, and its water content is high, so it is very soft. Sedimentary mud is sometimes called dredged mud when dredged. When it comes to the improved soil (solidified mixture), the water content is usually in the range of 150 to 350%, but depending on the type, it ranges from 10 to 1000%. The strength of the improved soil is usually in the range of 150 to 350 kN / m ₂ , but in other cases it is in a wide range of ₅ to 500 kN / m ₂ .

  When the above-described improved soil is demolitioned with the carrying-in system 61, the electric motor 15, the carrying-out system 62, and the gas supply system in FIG.

  The carrying-in system 61 feeds the lump improved soil to be processed into the processing container 21 from the inlet 22 of the processing container 21. In the processing container 21, the rotating shaft 35 and the multi-stage and radial cutting blades 41 mounted on the rotating shaft 35 are rotated at high speed by receiving power transmitted from the electric motor 15. As for a specific rotation speed, each cutting blade 41 rotates while maintaining high speed so that the peripheral speed of each tip portion is 40 to 1000 km / hour. As a more specific example, when the cutting blade diameter (distance from the tip of the cutting blade 41 on the left side of FIG. 2 to the tip of the cutting blade 41 on the right side of FIG. 2) is 1 mφ, the rotational speed of each cutting blade 41 is about 40 to 400 rpm. Is set. The lump of improved soil put into the processing vessel 21 is cut in several stages by each of the cutting blades 41 in a plurality of stages and in the radial direction, that is, each cutting blade 41 rotating at high speed horizontally from the inlet 22 to the outlet 23. In response, 70 to 90% of the whole becomes a crushed material having a diameter of about 5 to 150 cm, and the remainder becomes a crushed material having a diameter of 5 cm or less. As for the demolition material, the diameter tends to decrease as the number of cutting blades per stage increases or the number of cutting blades increases, and the diameter increases as the peripheral speed of each cutting blade 41 increases. It shows a tendency to become smaller. FIG. 6 schematically shows the cutting situation in this case. Referring to FIG. 6, improved soil 71 has a large number of soil particles 72 bonded with a weak force through solidifying material particles 73, and retains moisture 74 in the gaps between the soil particles 72. . The cutting blade 41 during high-speed horizontal rotation with respect to the improved soil 71 exhibits a sharp sharpness, and only cuts the blade passing portion. Therefore, a situation does not occur in which the soil particles 72 are dispersed apart and a large amount of pore water flows out, or the outflow pore water and the dispersed soil particles are re-disturbed and softened. In addition, in synchronism with the cutting, the gas supply system supplies hot or hot air of about 50 to 150 ° C. into the processing vessel 21 through a path of the pipe 38 → the hollow portion of the rotating shaft 35 → the outlet 36. Specifically, hot air at around 80 ° C. is blown into the processing container 21. Here, the demolition material exposed to hot air or the like evaporates at least the water on the surface to enhance the adhesion between the soil particles. This means that soft mudification is less likely to occur when the soil is exposed to warm or hot air. When the demolition material, which is the processed material of the block improved soil, reaches the outlet 23 of the processing vessel 21, it falls onto the carry-out system 62 and is carried to a predetermined place by the carry-out system 62.

  The smelted material obtained as described above is used in various fields by itself or by mixing with other materials. Typical examples are embankment materials, backfill materials, roadbed materials, roadbed materials, etc. in the civil engineering and construction field (construction field), but they can also be used in agriculture and other fields.

  The soil removal processing method and the soil removal processing apparatus according to the present invention are a soil removal material in a state where moisture is retained in the voids between soil particles by horizontally cutting the improved soil during gravity fall with a cutting blade rotating at high speed horizontally. Make. Since the crushed material obtained in this way is of high quality without soft mudification, its utilization is high. Therefore, it can greatly contribute when applied to the recycling and reuse of soil with a high water content.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed schematically one Embodiment of the demolition processing means based on this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the soil removal processing means of FIG. 1. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft used by the demolition processing means of FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially omitted perspective view of various cutting blades used in the soil removal processing means of FIG. 1. It is a perspective view of the various coupling tools used with the demolition processing means of FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed typically the cutting condition of the improved soil in this invention. It is a top view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Electric motor 16 Transmission system 21 Processing container 22 Inlet 23 Outlet 35 Rotating shaft 36 Outlet 37 Mounting part 38 Piping 41 Cutting blade 42 Horizontal rotation crushing tool for middle division 43 Horizontal rotation crushing tool for subdivision 51 Connecting tool 71 Improvement soil

Claims (5)

  In a method for loosening a block of improved soil that has become harder than the initial mud with the addition of a solidifying material, a plurality of upper and lower sides are disposed in a vertical cylindrical processing container having an upper inlet and a lower outlet. A plurality of cutting blades arranged radially in stages and attached to a vertical rotating shaft are rotated horizontally at high speed to generate horizontal cutting energy, and then are introduced into the processing container from the container inlet and dropped into a mass. Until the improved soil reaches the container outlet, the cutting blade that generates horizontal cutting energy by high-speed horizontal rotation does not turn the improved soil horizontally and retains moisture in the voids between the soil particles. A demolition processing method characterized by making a demolition material.   The method for removing soil according to claim 1, wherein the atmosphere temperature in the treatment vessel is increased to evaporate at least water on the surface of the soil.   4. The soil removal processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the double-edged cutting blade is rotated horizontally at a high speed at a peripheral speed of 40 to 1000 km / hour.   A vertical cylindrical processing container having an upper inlet and a lower outlet, a rotating shaft disposed in the central region of the processing container and extending in the vertical direction, and attached in multiple stages around the rotating shaft in a radial manner A plurality of long, double-edged cutting blades distributed in the above, and a rotary drive system machine connected to the rotary shaft.   The demolition processing apparatus of Claim 4 equipped with the heat supply system for hold | maintaining the atmosphere in a processing container at high temperature.

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