JP2005200330A - Blood glucose-improving agent - Google Patents
Blood glucose-improving agent Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005200330A JP2005200330A JP2004006896A JP2004006896A JP2005200330A JP 2005200330 A JP2005200330 A JP 2005200330A JP 2004006896 A JP2004006896 A JP 2004006896A JP 2004006896 A JP2004006896 A JP 2004006896A JP 2005200330 A JP2005200330 A JP 2005200330A
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、ポリグルタミン酸を含有する血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食品に関する。 The present invention relates to a blood sugar level improving agent containing polyglutamic acid and a food or drink for blood sugar level improvement.
糖尿病は血液中のブドウ糖濃度 (血糖値) が高い状態で持続する病気である。この糖尿病になっていない健常人は、食事した際に食物に由来するブドウ糖やアミノ酸が体内に吸収されると、膵臓からインシュリンが分泌され、このインシュリンの働きにより、血液中のブドウ糖が筋肉組織などに取り込まれ血糖が一定量以上に上昇しないように調節されている。一方、このインスリンによる血糖低下作用が弱くなると糖尿病になり、摂取したブドウ糖が血液中にとどまり高血糖の状態となり、その結果、血管や神経に障害が現れ、様々な合併症を誘発することになる。 Diabetes mellitus is a disease that persists with a high glucose level (blood glucose level) in the blood. In healthy people who are not diabetic, when glucose and amino acids derived from food are absorbed into the body when they eat, insulin is secreted from the pancreas. The blood sugar is adjusted so that blood sugar does not rise above a certain level. On the other hand, when the blood glucose lowering effect of insulin is weakened, it becomes diabetic, and the ingested glucose stays in the blood and becomes hyperglycemic, resulting in damage to blood vessels and nerves, inducing various complications. .
このような食後の高血糖状態を改善するために、糖質の消化物である、ブドウ糖の小腸からの吸収速度を穏やかにする物質、例えば難消化性デキストリン（例えば、非特許文献１参照）、オリゴペプチド（例えば、特許文献１参照）、アルギン酸（例えば、特許文献２参照）、小麦アルブミン（例えば、非特許文献２参照）などがこれまで使用されてきた。 In order to improve such a postprandial hyperglycemia state, a substance that moderates the rate of absorption of glucose from the small intestine, which is a digest of carbohydrates, such as indigestible dextrin (for example, see Non-patent Document 1), Oligopeptides (for example, see Patent Document 1), alginic acid (for example, see Patent Document 2), wheat albumin (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2), and the like have been used so far.
しかしながら、これらの物質は様々な食品に加えられて摂取されるため、加えられる食品に適した物性が要求される。例えば、透明な飲料に使用するのであれば無色でかつ水溶性の物質でなければならず、またパンなどの高温で加熱するものには熱に安定なものでなければならない。したがって、様々な食品の形態に適合できるように、これまで知られているものの他にも更に食品に好ましい物性をもつものの開発が望まれている。
本発明の目的は、高血糖状態を改善するため、ポリグルタミン酸を利用した糖尿病患者若しくは高血糖者に有効な血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食物を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a blood sugar level improving agent and a food and drink for blood sugar level improvement effective for diabetic patients or hyperglycemic people using polyglutamic acid in order to improve a hyperglycemic state.
本発明者はかかる目的を達成するために鋭意研究した結果、ポリグルタミン酸を含有する飲食物を摂取することにより血糖値が有意に低下することを見出した。すなわち、本発明は、ポリグルタミン酸を含むことを特徴とする血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食品に関する。また、本発明は、含まれているポリグルタミン酸が下記の式（１）の構造を有し、かつ分子量１万〜１７０万であることを特徴とする血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食品に関する。 As a result of intensive studies to achieve this object, the present inventor has found that the blood glucose level is significantly lowered by ingesting foods and drinks containing polyglutamic acid. That is, the present invention relates to a blood glucose level improving agent and a food / beverage product for improving blood glucose level characterized by containing polyglutamic acid. The present invention also relates to a blood glucose level improving agent and a food / beverage product for improving blood glucose level, characterized in that the polyglutamic acid contained has the structure of the following formula (1) and has a molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,700,000. About.
本発明のポリグルタミン酸を含有する血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食品は食後の血糖値上昇を抑えることにより、糖尿病者若しくは血糖高値者の血糖値改善が図れる。 The blood glucose level-improving agent and the food / beverage product for improving blood glucose level containing the polyglutamic acid of the present invention can improve the blood glucose level of diabetics or high blood sugar levels by suppressing the increase in blood glucose level after meals.
本発明で使用されるポリグルタミン酸としては、合成によって製造することも、微生物によって生産することも可能であるが、いずれの方法で製造されたポリグルタミン酸でも主構成成分がグルタミン酸からなっていれば使用できる。また高分子の構成成分にグルタミン酸以外の物質が含まれていても主成分がグルタミン酸であればグルタミン酸のみの重合体である必要はない。 The polyglutamic acid used in the present invention can be produced by synthesis or produced by microorganisms. However, any polyglutamic acid produced by any method is used as long as the main component is glutamic acid. it can. Further, even if a substance other than glutamic acid is contained in the constituent component of the polymer, it is not necessary to be a polymer of only glutamic acid as long as the main component is glutamic acid.
また、本発明において使用されるポリグルタミン酸はグルタミン酸がγ位で重合したもので、1分子中に酸性を示すカルボキシ基が、重合したグルタミン酸の数と同数が存在しているもので、このカルボキシル基はナトリウム塩などの塩の形でもカルボキシル基のままでも、いずれでも用いることができる。
本発明で使用されるポリグルタミン酸の分子量は特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは、下記の式（１）の構造を有し、かつ分子量１万〜１７０万のものが挙げられる。
In addition, the polyglutamic acid used in the present invention is one in which glutamic acid is polymerized at the γ-position, and the carboxyl group showing acidity in one molecule is present in the same number as the number of polymerized glutamic acids. Can be used either in the form of a salt such as a sodium salt or as a carboxyl group.
Although the molecular weight of the polyglutamic acid used by this invention is not specifically limited, Preferably, it has a structure of following formula (1) and has a molecular weight of 10,000 to 1.7 million.
ポリグルタミン酸は納豆のネバネバの主成分であり、小腸からカルシウムの吸収を促進することが知られている。この作用はポリグルタミン酸のカルボキシル基がカルシウムと結合しカルシウムを可溶化の状態にすることによるものであり、血糖低下作用とは直接にはつながらない。 Polyglutamic acid is a main component of natto gooey, and is known to promote absorption of calcium from the small intestine. This action is due to the carboxyl group of polyglutamic acid being bound to calcium and bringing calcium into a solubilized state, and does not directly lead to a hypoglycemic action.
ポリグルタミン酸は通常のタンパク質と異なりγ結合による高分子のため、人が分泌するプロテアーゼではγ結合が切れずに小腸では消化されない。したがって小腸では食物繊維として働く。しかもポリグルタミン酸は粘性を有するため、小腸での食物の動きを制限することにより栄養分は徐々に吸収され、したがって糖分の吸収をなだらかにして血糖の濃度をゆるやかにさせる効果が期待できる。 Unlike normal proteins, polyglutamic acid is a polymer with a γ bond, and therefore, the protease secreted by humans does not break the γ bond and is not digested in the small intestine. Therefore, it works as dietary fiber in the small intestine. In addition, since polyglutamic acid has viscosity, nutrients are gradually absorbed by restricting the movement of food in the small intestine, and therefore, an effect of gently reducing the concentration of blood sugar by gently absorbing the sugar content can be expected.
本発明の血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食品は、一回の食事当たりの摂取量は特に限定されるものではないが、少なくとも体重１ｋｇ当たり０．１ｇ程度、すなわち体重５０ｋｇの人では５ｇ程度摂取すればよい。好ましくは体重１ｋｇ当たり０．１ｇ〜０．３ｇの摂取量が適当な範囲である。また、本発明の血糖値改善剤及び血糖値飲食品は、摂取する間隔については特に制限はないが、好ましくは食事前の摂取、あるいは食事と共に摂取するほうがよい。 The blood sugar level improving agent and the food / beverage product for improving blood sugar level of the present invention are not particularly limited in the amount of intake per meal, but at least about 0.1 g per kg body weight, that is, 5 g for a person weighing 50 kg. It is enough to take it to the extent. Preferably, an intake of 0.1 g to 0.3 g per kg body weight is in an appropriate range. Moreover, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the space | interval which takes the blood glucose level improving agent and blood glucose level food-drinks of this invention, It is better to ingest before a meal or with a meal preferably.
本発明の血糖値改善剤の剤型は特に限定されないが、例えば、粉末、顆粒、錠剤、カプセル剤、または液剤や懸濁剤などが挙げられる。これらの剤型には、賦形剤、崩壊剤、結合剤、安定剤、界面活性剤、溶剤、分散剤、防腐剤、懸濁化剤、緩衝剤、乳化剤などを任意に用いることができる。 Although the dosage form of the blood glucose level improving agent of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, a powder, a granule, a tablet, a capsule, or a liquid agent, a suspension agent, etc. are mentioned. In these dosage forms, excipients, disintegrants, binders, stabilizers, surfactants, solvents, dispersants, preservatives, suspending agents, buffering agents, emulsifiers and the like can be arbitrarily used.
本発明の血糖値飲食品の形態は固形でも液状でも、あるいは流動状でもよく、特に限定されるものではない。また本発明の血糖値飲食品を単独で摂取しても、あるいは他の食品と合わせて摂取してもよく、血糖値の改善状態に応じて適宜摂取方法を変更することができる。 The form of the blood sugar level food or drink of the present invention may be solid, liquid, or fluid, and is not particularly limited. Moreover, the blood sugar level food / beverage products of the present invention may be ingested alone or in combination with other foods, and the ingestion method can be appropriately changed according to the state of improvement in blood sugar level.
本発明の血糖値改善剤及び血糖値改善用飲食品を以下に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 The blood sugar level improving agent and food / beverage products for improving blood sugar level of the present invention are specifically described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
本発明の飲食品の処方例としては、以下のようなものが挙げられる。
［処方例］ 血糖値改善用ドリンク剤
ポリグルタミン酸ナトリウム ５ ％
アスパルテーム ０．２ ％
香料 ０．５ ％
防腐剤 ０．１ ％
精製水 残 部
The following are mentioned as an example of prescription of the food / beverage products of this invention.
[Prescription example] Drink for improving blood sugar level Sodium polyglutamate 5%
Aspartame 0.2%
Fragrance 0.5%
Preservative 0.1%
Purified water balance
血糖低下作用があるといわれているギムネマを指標として以下の糖負荷試験を行った。 The following glucose tolerance test was performed using the gymnema, which is said to have a blood glucose lowering effect, as an index.
ウィスター系雄ラット (体重約１００ｇ) 各群５匹の全ラットに糖負荷用としてショ糖２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重を投与し、更に試験区には各０．２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重のギムネマ (日本シャクリー製) とポリグルタミン酸を投与した。一定時間後 (３０、６０、９０分後) に尾静脈より採血し血糖値を測定した。血糖はグルコースＣ-テストワコー (和光純薬製) により測定した (以下の実施例でも同様) 。経時的に測定した血糖値及び０分時の血糖値を１００とした各時間における血糖値の比率を括弧内に表したものを表１に記す (以下の実施例でも同様) 。 Wistar male rats (body weight: about 100 g) All rats in each group were administered 2 g / Kg body weight of sucrose for glucose loading, and 0.2 g / Kg body weight of Jimnema (manufactured by Shakley Japan) And polyglutamic acid. After a certain time (30, 60, 90 minutes), blood was collected from the tail vein and blood glucose level was measured. Blood glucose was measured with Glucose C-Test Wako (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) (the same applies to the following examples). Table 1 shows the ratio of the blood glucose level measured over time and the blood glucose level at each time with the blood glucose level at 0 minutes as 100 in parentheses (the same applies to the following examples).
コントロール投与群は３０、６０分と血糖量が増加し、９０分後に下降したのに対し、ギムネマ投与群は３０分に血糖量が最大となり、その後は下降した。また、ポリグルタミン酸投与群は３０分に血糖量が最大を示し、６０分まで一定の血糖量を維持し、その後、下降した。血糖量の値を比較すると、血糖低下作用があるといわれているギムネマがコントロールより全般に高かった。一方、ポリグルタミン酸は３つの群の中で最も血糖が低く、その上昇も緩やかであった。よって、ポリグルタミン酸の血糖値低下作用を確認された。 In the control administration group, the blood glucose level increased at 30 and 60 minutes and decreased after 90 minutes, while in the Gymnema administration group, the blood glucose level reached the maximum at 30 minutes and then decreased. In addition, the polyglutamic acid administration group showed a maximum blood sugar level at 30 minutes, maintained a constant blood sugar level until 60 minutes, and then decreased. When comparing blood glucose levels, Gymnema, which is said to have a blood glucose lowering effect, was generally higher than controls. On the other hand, polyglutamic acid had the lowest blood glucose among the three groups, and its increase was also gradual. Therefore, the blood glucose level lowering effect of polyglutamic acid was confirmed.
０分時の血糖値をほぼ同じにしたラット各群３匹の全ラットに糖負荷用としてショ糖２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重を投与し、更に試験区には０．２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重のポリグルタミン酸を投与した。一定時間後に採血し、その血糖量を測定した。その結果を表２に示すが、実施例１と同様の傾向であった。 Saccharose 2 g / Kg body weight was administered to all three rats in each group with the same blood glucose level at 0 minutes for glucose loading, and 0.2 g / Kg body weight polyglutamic acid was administered to the test group did. Blood was collected after a certain time and the blood glucose level was measured. The results are shown in Table 2. The tendency was the same as in Example 1.
ラット各群３匹の全ラットに糖負荷用としてショ糖２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重を投与し、更に試験区には０．１ｇ／Ｋｇ体重(ポリグルタミン酸１)、０．２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重(ポリグルタミン酸２)、０．３ｇ／Ｋｇ体重(ポリグルタミン酸３)のポリグルタミン酸をそれぞれ投与した。一定時間後に採血し、その血糖量を測定した。その結果を表３に示す。 All rats in each group were administered with 2 g / Kg body weight of sucrose for sugar loading, and further 0.1 g / Kg body weight (polyglutamic acid 1), 0.2 g / Kg body weight (polyglutamic acid 2) ) And 0.3 g / kg body weight (polyglutamic acid 3) of polyglutamic acid were respectively administered. Blood was collected after a certain time and the blood glucose level was measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
３０分及び６０分で全てのポリグルタミン酸投与群の血糖値がコントロール群より低値となっており、ポリグルタミン酸２の投与群が最も血糖値を下げることができた。 In 30 minutes and 60 minutes, the blood glucose level of all the polyglutamic acid administration groups was lower than that of the control group, and the administration group of polyglutamic acid 2 was able to lower the blood glucose level most.
ブドウ糖付加に対するギムネマ及びポリグルタミン酸の血糖に及ぼす効果を実施例１と同様の方法で検討した。各群３匹の全ラットに糖負荷用としてブドウ糖０．１ｇ／Ｋｇ 体重を投与し、更に試験区には各０．２ｇ／Ｋｇ体重のギムネマ (日本シャクリー製) あるいはポリグルタミン酸を投与した。一定時間後に採血し、その血糖量を測定した。 The effect of Gymnema and polyglutamic acid on glucose addition on blood glucose was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. Glucose 0.1 g / Kg body weight was administered to all three rats in each group for glucose loading, and 0.2 g / Kg body weight Gymnema (manufactured by Shakley Japan) or polyglutamic acid was administered to the test group. Blood was collected after a certain time and the blood glucose level was measured.
その結果を表４に示すが、前記のショ糖負荷試験と同じ傾向であり、ブドウ糖負荷においてもポリグルタミン酸は血糖低下作用を示した。ショ糖負荷試験では６０分に最大吸収が見られたが、ブドウ糖負荷では３０分であった。ブドウ糖の吸収がショ糖の吸収より速いためと考えられる。
The results are shown in Table 4, which is the same tendency as in the sucrose tolerance test, and polyglutamic acid exhibited a blood glucose lowering action even in the glucose tolerance. In the sucrose load test, the maximum absorption was observed at 60 minutes, but at the glucose load, it was 30 minutes. It is thought that glucose absorption is faster than sucrose absorption.
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