JP2005193083A - Solar-heat distilling apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for producing distilled water on the sea by making good use of solar heat and for producing condensed water effectively on the surface of the sea or other water surface even if this apparatus is flat and low and the pretreatment of which is easy. <P>SOLUTION: This apparatus floats on the water to produce distilled water from surrounding water. A shallow vessel is formed by integrating a bottom sheet in the inside of a frame body formed of a floating body. The shallow vessel is covered with an osmotic membrane while interposing a spacer. The edge part of the osmotic membrane is immersed in the surrounding water so that seawater etc. permeates into the osmotic membrane by a capillary phenomenon and is supplied to the shallow vessel. A cover film is stuck to the upper surface of the osmotic membrane in a laminated state. Steam is generated by heating the seawater etc. permeating into the osmotic membrane by solar heat. The generated steam is cooled/condensed on the side of the bottom sheet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing condensed water using solar heat on the sea, lakes, rivers and other water surfaces.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, on land, a device that installs a water-absorbent sheet on the ground and produces fresh water by solar heat is known. That is, it is a method of allowing seawater to penetrate into a water-absorbent sheet and evaporating it with solar heat to recover the condensed water, and various distillers have already been proposed for installation on the ground.

On the other hand, a seawater distiller used by floating on the sea as shown in FIG. 1 has also been proposed. According to the Solar Energy Utilization Handbook, the US Navy has developed a distiller for salvage. It is to be used by towing by boat on the sea. A dome-shaped container 2 made of a plastic cover film 1 is suspended, and a black porous pad 3 impregnated with seawater is horizontally placed in the room using a support 4. The seawater in the pad 3 is evaporated by solar heat transmitted through the cover film 1. Although the evaporated water vapor rises with convection, it condenses and flows down on the inner surface of the cover film 1 and is stored in the funnel-shaped portion 5 below the dome. This condensed water W is taken out and used for drinking water or the like.

Japan Solar Energy Society Solar Energy Utilization Handbook Editorial Committee, “Solar Energy Utilization Handbook”, published in Japan Solar Energy Society (Tokyo), 1985. pp. 862-863

However, as described above, the method of distilling seawater in the water-absorbing sheet on land requires a special device for continuously supplying an appropriate amount of seawater to the water-absorbing sheet, resulting in an expensive device. .

On the other hand, each time the distillation process is performed, the dome-shaped distiller has a pre-treatment operation for washing the seawater in the pad 3 concentrated in the previous distillation before the distillation process to replace it with new seawater. Although necessary, since the pad 3 is inside the dome-shaped container 2, this pretreatment operation is difficult. Furthermore, since it is necessary to raise the cover film 1 and provide a steeper slope so that water condensed on the inner surface of the cover film does not drip, the dome shape becomes higher. As a result, there is a problem that the condensed water on the inner surface of the cover film falls on the pad 3 due to a roll or wave easily received by wind or waves. Moreover, since it condenses with the inner surface of the cover film 1 which a solar heat permeate | transmits, sunlight transmittance | permeability falls with a condensed droplet and cannot be condensed effectively.

The technical problem of the present invention is to realize such an apparatus that can effectively produce condensed water even on a device with low flatness on the sea surface and other water surfaces, and that can be easily pretreated. is there.

The technical problem of the present invention is solved by the following means. According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus for producing condensed water from the surrounding water in a state of floating on the water surface, a shallow container in which a bottom sheet is integrated inside a frame-like body formed of a floating body is formed. Solar heat characterized by having a structure in which the end of the osmotic membrane covered with a spacer on the bottom container is immersed in the surrounding water, and a cover film is laminated and covered on the upper surface of the osmotic membrane It is a fresh water generator. A sheet is a generic term for thin materials including films and membranes.

In this way, a shallow container in which the bottom sheet is integrated inside the frame body formed of the floating body is formed, and the end of the osmosis membrane covered with the spacer on the shallow container is placed in the surrounding water. Since it is immersed, the water in the surrounding water can be permeated by capillary action to the entire upper surface of the shallow container. Since the upper surface of the osmotic membrane through which the water to be distilled permeates is covered with a cover film, the water vapor in the shallow container generated by heating with solar heat is cooled with seawater or the like in contact with the bottom sheet, Condenses efficiently. And since the to-be-distilled water permeable membrane and the bottom sheet | seat are approaching via the spacer, cooling condensation of the water vapor | steam generate | occur | produced with the solar heat is performed effectively. In addition, since the permeation membrane of distilled water and the cover film on it are bonded to form a single sheet, heat transfer between the cover film and the distilled water permeation membrane is improved and evaporation is effective. The handling is also simplified.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the ratio (aspect ratio) between the height and the maximum width of the floating body is 1/10 or less, and the floating body, the spacer, the bottom sheet, and the cover film are made of a flexible material made of synthetic resin. The solar thermal water freshener according to claim 1, wherein the floating body and the spacer are hollow and can be folded by removing the air inside. The permeation membrane of distilled water may be made of synthetic fibers or animal and plant fibers. Thus, since the aspect ratio of the entire thickness is about 1/10 or less and is extremely low, the possibility of rollover by wind or waves is greatly reduced. Moreover, because it is all made of a flexible material, and the floating body and spacer that act as a float are hollow tubes, it must be made very compact by removing the air inside and folding it. Can do. As a result, handling, transportation and storage are convenient and can be expected to spread.

A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a water-absorbing sheet for condensing and absorbing water vapor generated in a shallow container is laid on the bottom sheet. It is a solar thermal water freshener. Thus, since the water-absorbent sheet is laid on the bottom sheet, the condensed water generated by condensing the water vapor generated in the shallow container by cooling with the bottom sheet in a cooled state with seawater or the like is effective. Even when there is partial contact between the water absorbent sheet and the upper distilled water permeable membrane, the mixing of condensed water and distilled water can be prevented or reduced, and When the water storage part is formed in the part, the condensed water can be smoothly guided to the water storage part.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the condensed water reservoir is formed in a part of the bottom sheet to facilitate the recovery of the condensed water. It is a solar thermal water generator. Thus, since the condensed water storage part is formed in a part of the bottom sheet, the condensed water can be collected and stored and taken out at any time for use.

Claim 5 includes a plurality of top and bottom sheets having a water-absorbing sheet on the upper surface and a permeation membrane for distilled water on the lower surface, with a spacer interposed therebetween, and surrounding the end of the distilled water permeation membrane on each stage And a water storage section for collecting and accumulating condensed water on the top and bottom sheet for each stage. As described above, a plurality of top and bottom sheets having a water-absorbing sheet on the upper surface and a permeable membrane for distilled water on the lower surface are stacked in a plurality of stages with spacers interposed therebetween. And the edge part of the to-be-distilled water permeable membrane of each stage is immersed in surrounding water, and the water storage part which collects and accumulates the condensed water on the top and bottom sheet | seat of each stage is provided. Therefore, since generation and condensation of water vapor are simultaneously performed in a plurality of stages, mass production of condensed water is possible. Distilled water permeation membrane end of each stage is immersed in the surrounding water, and there is a water storage part that collects and accumulates the condensed water on the top and bottom sheet of each stage. Collection is also performed smoothly.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that an outer cover for forming a sealed air layer space is provided on the cover film that receives the sunlight irradiation. It is a solar thermal water freshener described in the item. In this way, since a sealed air layer space is formed on the cover film that receives sunlight irradiation, an air layer with poor heat conductivity is always formed on the upper part of the cover film, and the upper ambient air is By reducing heat loss, the cover film and the water permeation membrane to be distilled can always be heated at a high temperature. As a result, water vapor is always effectively generated.

In the seventh aspect of the present invention, the end portion of the permeation membrane of the water to be distilled laminated on the lower surface of the cover film is immersed in the surrounding water, and the liquid-impervious property is interposed between the permeation membrane and the bottom sheet on the water surface. Having a structure in which a distillation unit in which a bag-like part for storing condensed water is formed between the impermeable gas-permeable membrane and the bottom sheet is used alone or in a plurality of layers, with an air-permeable membrane interposed It is a solar thermal water generator characterized. Thus, since the liquid-impervious air permeable membrane is interposed between the distilled water permeable membrane on the lower surface of the cover film and the bottom sheet on the water surface, the vaporized water vapor does not pass the liquid-permeable gas permeable membrane. It permeates and condenses and accumulates in the bag-like part formed between the bottom sheet. Accordingly, the spacer means for preventing the water permeation membrane to be in contact with the bottom sheet as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is unnecessary, and the distiller is thinned and the configuration and handling are simplified. Since water vapor can be condensed and stored in a bag made of a liquid-impermeable air permeable membrane and a bottom sheet, seawater can be prevented from being mixed into condensed water and condensed water lost. Such a distillation unit having a plurality of stacked stages is suitable for mass production.

As in claim 1, a shallow container in which a bottom sheet is integrated inside a frame body formed of a floating body is formed, and an end portion of a permeable membrane covered with a spacer on the shallow container is surrounded by Therefore, the water in the surrounding water can be guided by infiltrating the entire upper surface of the shallow container by capillary action. Since the upper surface of the osmotic membrane through which the water to be distilled permeates is covered with a cover film, the water vapor in the shallow container generated by heating with solar heat is cooled with seawater or the like in contact with the bottom sheet, Condenses efficiently. And since the to-be-distilled water permeable membrane and the bottom sheet | seat are approaching via the spacer, cooling condensation of the water vapor | steam generate | occur | produced with the solar heat is performed effectively. In addition, since the permeation membrane of distilled water and the cover film on it are bonded together to form a single sheet, heat transfer between the two is improved, evaporation is performed effectively, and handling is easy. become.

Since the aspect ratio of the entire thickness is about 1/10 or less as in claim 2, the possibility of rollover by wind or waves is greatly reduced. Moreover, because it is all made of a flexible material, and the floating body and spacer that act as a float are hollow tubes, it must be made very compact by removing the air inside and folding it. Can do. As a result, handling, transportation and storage are convenient and can be expected to spread.

Since the water-absorbent sheet is laid on the bottom sheet as in claim 3, the water generated in the shallow container is cooled by the bottom sheet in a cooled state with seawater or the like and condensed water generated by condensation Even when the water-absorbing sheet is effectively attached to the water-absorbing sheet and there is partial contact between the water-absorbing sheet and the upper distilled water permeation membrane, mixing of condensed water and distilled water can be prevented or reduced, and the bottom When the water storage part is formed in a part of the sheet, the condensed water can be smoothly guided to the water storage part.

Since the condensed water storage part is formed in a part of the bottom sheet as in claim 4, the condensed water is collected and stored, and can be taken out and used at any time.

As in claim 5, a plurality of top and bottom sheets having a water-absorbing sheet on the upper surface and a permeable membrane for distilled water on the lower surface are stacked in a plurality of stages via spacers. And the edge part of the to-be-distilled water permeable membrane of each stage is immersed in surrounding water, and the water storage part which collects and accumulates the condensed water on the top and bottom sheet | seat of each stage is provided. Therefore, since generation and condensation of water vapor are simultaneously performed in a plurality of stages, mass production of condensed water is possible. Distilled water permeation membrane end of each stage is immersed in the surrounding water, and there is a water storage part that collects and accumulates the condensed water on the top and bottom sheet of each stage. Collection is also performed smoothly.

Since the sealed air layer space is formed on the cover film that is irradiated with sunlight as in claim 6, an air layer with poor heat transfer is always formed on the upper part of the cover film, and the upper periphery The heat loss to the air can be reduced, and the cover film and the distilled water permeable membrane can always be heated at a high temperature. As a result, water vapor is always effectively generated.

Since the impermeable gas-permeable membrane is interposed between the distilled water permeable membrane on the lower surface of the cover film and the bottom sheet on the water surface, the vaporized water vapor is impermeable to the impermeable water vapor. It permeates through the air membrane and condenses and accumulates in a bag-like portion formed between the bottom sheet. Therefore, a spacer for preventing the water permeation membrane to be in contact with the bottom sheet is unnecessary, and the distiller is thinned and the configuration and handling are simplified. Since water vapor can be condensed and stored in the bag-shaped portion composed of the liquid-impermeable air permeable membrane and the bottom sheet, mixing of seawater into the condensed water and loss of condensed water can be prevented. Such a distillation unit having a plurality of stacked stages is suitable for mass production.

Next, an embodiment of how the solar thermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention is actualized will be described. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining the basic structure of the solar thermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention. The illustrated fresh water generator floats a frame-like body f made of a floating body (float) on the sea surface S, and a bottom sheet 6 made of a synthetic resin film or sheet is placed inside the float frame f. They are laid and integrated, and as a whole, they are formed into a shallow container or dish. And on the bottom sheet | seat 6 which does not leak, the water absorbing sheet | seat 7 which adsorb | sucks and hold | maintains the water after condensation is spread | laid, and the ceiling sheet | seat 9 is covered via the spacer 8 of the upper side.

This ceiling sheet 9 has a two-layer structure, and the upper side is a cover film 91 made of a film or sheet made of synthetic resin or the like, and a permeable membrane 92 made of a water-absorbing sheet is bonded to the lower surface thereof. The osmotic membrane 92 is a membrane that can penetrate water to be distilled such as seawater, and may be a cloth, for example. The osmotic membrane 92 is soaked in seawater so that it can absorb the surrounding seawater by capillary action and penetrate to the entire upper surface of each spacer 8 to provide water. The cover film 91 only needs to cover the seawater permeable membrane 92 in the upper space inside the float frame f, but also covers the osmotic membrane 92 on the sea surface S so that the seawater in the osmotic membrane 92 evaporates into the atmosphere. It is good to suppress drying.

In such a structure, when the ceiling sheet 9 is heated by solar heat, the water in the seawater permeating into the osmotic membrane 92 on the inner surface evaporates, and the space G between the ceiling sheet 9 and the bottom sheet 6 is evaporated. Spreads and fills inside. However, since the bottom sheet 6 and the water absorbent sheet 7 are cooled by seawater, the water vapor in contact with the water absorbent sheet 7 is efficiently condensed and retained by water absorption. As a result, condensed water gradually accumulates in the water absorbent sheet 7.

The osmotic membrane 92 and the water-absorbent sheet 7 face each other through a narrow gap (for example, 5 mm), and contact with each other is prevented by an appropriate number of spacers 8. Therefore, the water vapor generated in the seawater permeable membrane 92 is cooled and condensed by the bottom sheet 6 and the water absorbent sheet 7 and becomes condensed water in a short time. The cover film 91 or the seawater permeable membrane 92 is black so that it can easily absorb solar heat. Or it has a solar thermal selective absorption film. Therefore, solar heat is absorbed or permeated by the cover film 91 to effectively evaporate the seawater in the osmotic membrane 92 on the lower surface. The generated water vapor diffuses into the space G between the seawater permeable membrane 92 and the water absorbent sheet 7, is cooled by the water absorbent sheet 7 in a cooled state with seawater, and is condensed to become condensed water (fresh water).

In this way, the seawater permeable membrane 92 is heated by solar heat, the water absorbent sheet 7 is cooled by seawater, and a difference in the partial pressure of water vapor occurs due to the temperature difference between them, which drives the distillation. On the other hand, since the water absorbent sheet 7 adsorbs and holds condensed water, even if the water absorbent sheet 7 and the seawater permeable membrane 92 partially contact with each other due to the action of waves on the sea surface S, mixing of the condensed water and seawater is prevented or Can be reduced. After one day or a certain time, the condensed water is collected from the inside of the shallow container and used for drinking and other purposes. In addition, when seawater in the osmosis membrane 92 evaporates, salt is deposited at the center of the osmosis membrane 92. However, the deposited salt may be washed away while the osmosis membrane 92 is operating while being replaced with a new osmosis membrane 92. .

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, a water reservoir 6 a for accumulating condensed water is formed on the bottom sheet 6. The water reservoir 6a may be in the shape of a bag as shown in the figure. Since the condensed water generated on the bottom sheet 6 flows into the water storage section 6a and accumulates, subsequent collection and use becomes easy. If a tube or the like is connected to the water storage bag 6a, the condensed water W can be easily sucked and used through it. Further, by providing the water storage unit 6, continuous distillation for a long time is possible. If a part of the water absorbent sheet 7 is introduced into the water storage section 6a, the condensed water absorbed by the water absorbent sheet 7 is smoothly introduced into the water storage section 6a.

FIG. 4 is an embodiment in which the heat insulating layer 10 is provided on the cover film 91. That is, the transparent outer cover 11 is covered on the upper side of the cover film 91 via the heat insulating layer 10 and is confined so that the air in the heat insulating layer 10 does not easily escape to the outside. In addition, it is good to provide the spacer 8 for support so that the outer cover 11 may hang down and may not overlap on the cover film 91.

As described above, when the heat insulating layer 10 is formed by providing the outer cover 11 on the cover film 91, the flow of air in the heat insulating layer 10 is suppressed, and sunlight or solar heat transmitted through the outer cover 11 is absorbed. The loss by which the heat of the cover film 91 that has passed through the heat insulating layer 10 escapes to the outside is suppressed. As a result, the seawater permeable membrane 92 is always maintained in a high temperature state, the evaporation of seawater in the shallow container is promoted, and the production of condensed water is performed more effectively. That is, the temperature difference between the seawater permeable membrane 92 and the water absorbent sheet 7 is increased, and the amount of distillation is further promoted.

In the shallow container as described above, since the cover film 91, the seawater permeable membrane 92, the water absorbent sheet 7, the bottom sheet 6 and the like are thin sheets, when the height of the floating body f is set to 20 mm or less, for example, Also, it is almost 20 mm or less. Even the structure provided with the heat insulating layer 10 is about 30 mm or less. As a result, the possibility of rollover under the influence of wind and waves is greatly reduced. Moreover, if the floating frame f and the spacer 8 that function as a float are made into a tube shape while being made of a flexible material, they can be made very compact by removing the air inside and folding them. . In addition, handling, transportation, storage, etc. become convenient. Because it is flexible, it can smoothly follow the wavefront during use, and there is no risk of damage caused by excessive force. The size in the surface direction can be set to about 1 m on the left and right sides and about 3 to 5 m on the front and rear sides, for example. However, this is an example, and it may be larger or smaller. The height direction may also be 30 mm or more. In short, the aspect ratio may be about 1/10 or less in order to ensure stability. The frame f of the floating body may be provided only on the left and right of the shallow container, or may be provided only on the front and rear. Or you may provide cyclically | annularly so that the outer periphery of the bottom sheet | seat 6 may be enclosed.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the shallow container is multi-staged, wherein (1) is a longitudinal sectional view seen from the front, and (2) is a longitudinal sectional view seen from the side. In the single distiller as described above, the heat of condensation generated in the water absorbent sheet 7 is released from the bottom surface to seawater. On the other hand, in the multi-effect distiller as shown in the figure, the heat of condensation is reused for evaporation from the seawater permeable membrane 92 in the lower air layer G2. Therefore, as shown in (1), the ends of the seawater permeable membrane 92 at the ceiling of each of the air layers G1, G2, and G3 are immersed in seawater. Moreover, as shown in (2), the end of the water absorbent sheet 7 at the bottom of each air layer G1, G2, G3 is immersed in the water reservoir 6a, and is generated in each air layer G1, G2, G3. It is structured to collect water vapor condensate.

Thus, when making it a multistage structure, it is set as the three-layer sheet | seat which piled up the water absorbing sheet 7 on the upper surface of the bottom sheet 6 of FIG. Therefore, the sheet 916 having a multi-stage structure is referred to as a top / bottom sheet. In addition, the three stages shown in FIG. 2 may have a structure in which the shallow containers as shown in FIG. 2 are simply stacked in three stages, but the floating body frame f other than the left and right of the bottom stage G1 is omitted as shown in the figure. A multi-stage structure with only 8 left may be used. Therefore, the heat when condensed on the upper surface of the top and bottom sheet 916 is transmitted to the seawater of the seawater permeable membrane 92 on the lower surface, and evaporation occurs. This is repeated many times, and the final heat is released from the bottom sheet 6 of the lowermost stage G1 to seawater.

6 and 7 show an embodiment in which a liquid-impervious gas permeable membrane is used in place of the spacer 8. In FIG. 6, the spacer 8 in the shallow container is omitted in the embodiment of FIG. 2, and a liquid-impermeable gas permeable membrane 12 is laid instead. The liquid-impermeable gas permeable membrane is also called a “microporous membrane”, and refers to a membrane that allows vapor to permeate but does not allow liquid to permeate. In the distiller of the present invention, the impervious water permeable membrane 12 is disposed between the permeable membrane 92 of the distilled water and the bottom sheet 6. As a result, only water vapor generated from the osmotic membrane 92 by solar heat passes through the liquid-impervious gas permeable membrane 12 and is cooled and condensed by the bottom sheet 6. The condensed water accumulates in the bag-like portion 13 formed by the bottom sheet 6 and the liquid-impermeable gas permeable membrane 12.

As described above, when the liquid-impervious gas permeable membrane 12 is used, there is no problem even if the permeable membrane 92 directly overlaps the bottom sheet 6, and the water vapor that has passed through the liquid-impermeable gas permeable membrane 12 is impermeable. It becomes possible to produce condensed water by condensing under the permeable air permeable membrane 12. Therefore, the air layer G in FIG. 2 is not necessary, and the distiller can be thinned. Moreover, the bag which consists of the liquid-impermeable air-permeable membrane 12 and the bottom sheet 6 can be formed, the water vapor | steam can be condensed in the inside 13, and condensed water can be stored. As a result, the seawater osmosis membrane 92 can be in contact with the bottom sheet 6 side and the seawater of the osmosis membrane 92 can be prevented from mixing into the condensed water on the bottom sheet 6 side. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure the spacer 8 shown in FIG. As an example of a liquid-impermeable gas permeable membrane, “Polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane” manufactured by Gore-Tex is known.

In FIG. 7, the outer cover 11 for forming the heat insulation layer 10 is covered on the cover film 91 as in FIG. And since the bag which forms this heat insulation layer 10 acts as a float, the floating body frame f becomes unnecessary. Moreover, since the outer periphery of the bottom sheet 6 and the liquid-impervious gas permeable membrane 12 is joined to form a bag and the condensed water is stored in the interior 13, it is necessary to form a special water storage bag 6a as shown in FIG. Absent. It is desirable that the seawater permeable membrane 92 and the liquid-impermeable air permeable membrane 12 are in contact with each other so as not to generate an air layer.

In the case of a distiller using a liquid-impermeable gas permeable membrane, a multistage structure as shown in FIG. 5 is also possible. That is, the distiller units of FIG. 6 are stacked in two or more stages, and the floating body frame f is provided only on the lowermost stage and floats on the water surface. At this time, the seawater permeable membrane 92 at each stage only needs to be suspended in the surrounding seawater as shown in FIG. If a pipe is connected to the bag-like portion 13 in each step instead of the water absorbent sheet 7 in FIG. 5 (2), water can be easily collected in the separate water storage bag 6a. In addition, the outer cover 11 of FIG. 7 is provided only on the uppermost still. Needless to say, the aspect ratio of the distiller of FIG.

As described above, according to the solar thermal desalination apparatus of the present invention, seawater can be naturally generated only by the capillary force of the water-absorbing material by simply immersing the end of the water-absorbing seawater permeable membrane 92 in seawater while floating on the sea surface. Can be sucked up and penetrated throughout. Therefore, no power or device is required, and a simple device is obtained. Moreover, if the multistage structure is used, the amount of distillation per unit area of the solar heat absorption surface increases several times.

From the above, the solar thermal desalination apparatus according to the present invention is optimal as a life-saving desalination apparatus in the event of a marine disaster, but is not limited to this application. It is also effective as an apparatus for producing normal drinking water. In the case of producing condensed water using seawater, salt can be produced by washing out high-concentration seawater and salt crystals remaining in the seawater permeable membrane 92 and heating them. In addition, although the case where it used on the sea was illustrated in embodiment, this invention apparatus can also float on a river, a lake, etc., and can also produce drinking water and irrigation water. In this case, the “seawater” permeable membrane 92 is read as “distilled water” permeable membrane.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional dome-shaped seawater distiller. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the basic structure of the solar thermal water freshener by this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of embodiment which has a water storage part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of embodiment which has a heat insulation layer. It is embodiment of a multistage structure, (1) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the front, (2) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the side. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of embodiment using a liquid-impermeable gas-permeable film instead of the spacer. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of embodiment which excluded the floating frame.

Explanation of symbols

S sea surface f floating body (float) frame 6 bottom sheet 6a water storage part (water storage bag)
W Condensed water 7 Water-absorbing sheet 8 Spacer 9 Ceiling sheet 91 Cover film 92 Seawater permeable membrane 916 Top and bottom sheet G Space G1, G2, and G3 in a shallow container Air layer 10 Heat insulation layer 11 Outer cover 12 Impervious air permeability Membrane 13 Bag-shaped part

Claims (7)

In an apparatus for producing condensed water from the surrounding water in a state of floating on the water surface, a shallow container in which a bottom sheet is integrated inside a frame-like body formed by a floating body is formed, and on the shallow container. A solar thermal water producing apparatus characterized in that an end portion of an osmotic membrane covered with a spacer is immersed in surrounding water, and a cover film is bonded and covered on the upper surface of the osmotic membrane. A ratio (aspect ratio) of the height and the maximum width of the floating body is 1/10 or less, and the floating body, the spacer, the bottom sheet, and the cover film are made of a flexible material made of synthetic resin, The solar thermal water freshener according to claim 1, wherein the spacer is hollow and can be folded by removing the air inside. The solar thermal water freshener according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a water absorbent sheet for condensing and absorbing water vapor generated in the shallow container is laid on the bottom sheet. . The solar water desalination apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a condensate water storage part is formed in a part of the bottom sheet to facilitate recovery of the condensate water. A top and bottom sheet with a water-absorbing sheet on the upper surface and a permeable membrane for distilled water on the lower surface is stacked in multiple stages via spacers, and the end of the distilled water permeable membrane at each stage is immersed in the surrounding water. A solar water freshener having a water storage section for collecting and storing condensed water on the top and bottom sheet for each stage. The solar heat according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an outer cover that forms a sealed air space is provided on the cover film that receives the sunlight. Fresh water generator. The end of the permeation membrane of distilled water laminated on the lower surface of the cover film is immersed in the surrounding water, and a liquid-impermeable gas-permeable membrane is interposed between the permeation membrane and the bottom sheet on the water surface. The distillation unit having a bag-like portion for accumulating condensed water between the liquid-impervious gas permeable membrane and the bottom sheet is used as a single unit or a plurality of layers. Solar water freshener.

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