JP2005192546A - Method for warming agricultural installation and warming facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for warming an agricultural installation, capable of safely and surely warming the inside of the installation at a low cost, even when it is cold, capable of intensively growing reared crops, and capable of rearing and growing the crops in a high production yield, and to provide a warming facility. <P>SOLUTION: This warming facility of the agricultural installation is structured by spreading moistening and heating sheet bodies 2 over surfaces of farming land for the crops reared in an installation body 1 which is installed so as to grow the crops by isolating the crops from the outside air, and further the facility has a temperature control mechanism 50 which keeps the inside of the installation body at a required temperature, by driving or stopping a water supply pump 5C by means of a temperature sensor 5B positioned in the installation body, sprinkling or spraying water all over the surfaces of the moistening and heating bodies from sprinkling pipes 5, and promoting or suspending the moistening and heating of the sheet bodies. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  In the present invention, when cultivating crops such as fruit trees, sugar beets, and flower buds, it is nurtured with forcing and high production yield by heating the facility safely, reliably and at low maintenance costs even at low temperatures. The present invention relates to a heating method and a heating facility for a possible agricultural facility.

  Cultivation of fruit crops and other crops such as sugar beets and flower buds was originally made under natural conditions, but cultivation under natural conditions is freezing of farmland due to extremely low temperatures in winter, snowfall or frost, and rainfall. Or, due to strong winds and damage caused by pests and the like, uncultivation, poor growth, etc. are caused, and the production yield is remarkably fluctuated and farm management is extremely unstable.

  Therefore, as a means to improve unstable farm management due to these natural conditions, facilities such as greenhouses, houses or tunnels that can cover these crops are cultivated and cultivated so that they can be intercepted and cultivated from the open air. So-called institutional cultivation has been actively adopted.

By the way, crops follow germination-flowering-fruiting-harvest growth processes like fruit trees, seedling-growth-flowering-fruiting-according to harvesting progress like fruit vegetables, or seedlings-growth like sugar beet- Even with the growing process of harvesting, the harvesting season for each variety is concentrated in almost the same season.
In view of this, the production shipping price which is important for agricultural management is determined by the production volume and the demand volume. Therefore, it is desired to promote production as much as possible and to produce production at a high price by early shipment.

  As a method of dealing with such requests, fruit trees, especially cherries and grapes, have been adopted to install a heavy oil hot air blower in a facility that is erected to envelop these fruit trees and to warm them at low temperatures in winter. However, the heavy oil hot air blower is extremely expensive, so not only the initial investment is enormous, but also the fuel consumption for heating is great, and the use of the heavy oil hot air blower in a closed system such as in a facility is very large. Sulfurous acid gas and combustion particulates are discharged together with carbon dioxide gas, and it has been pointed out that there is a risk of adhesion to growing crops as well as deterioration of the work environment, and there is also concern about the occurrence and accumulation and accumulation of dioxins associated with heavy oil combustion There is an urgent need to develop alternative technologies.

  On the other hand, as a method for heating sugar beet and flower buds, an insulation heating heater is embedded in the ground of the cultivated farmland, and the ground temperature is heated by heating to promote the insulation. In addition to being expensive and requiring large construction and enormous costs for its embedded installation, the insulated heater is not efficient in heat generation and consumes enormous power for heating to the required temperature, and once insulated In the event that a defect or the like occurs, the repair is also very expensive, and the practical use period is at most about 3 to 5 months, making it extremely uneconomical.

  As a result of repeated researches in view of such circumstances, the inventor efficiently collects sunlight, which is natural energy, and heats the heating medium in the heating tube to a high temperature, and on the farmland surface for growing crops in the facility. Inventing a heating device for an agricultural facility that lays a heat dissipating mat body that circulates and circulates the heating medium, thereby enabling heating in the facility safely and inexpensively. Is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-358484, and practical application tests are being carried out in many agricultural facilities.

  However, as a result of repeated practical tests of the invention of the prior application in a wide range of agricultural facilities, particularly in the case of warming facilities for agriculture, there are extremely demands in the extremely cold regions and snowfall regions in the winter season to Koshinetsu, Tohoku and Hokkaido. On the other hand, these areas have extremely little sunshine due to snow, cloudy weather, etc. in severe cold seasons, so even in the prior application invention that can condense temporary sunlight efficiently, the heating medium can be heated to a sufficiently high temperature. First, it became clear that there was a problem that the facility could not be heated to the required temperature.

  Accordingly, the inventors have replaced the technical idea of warming the heating medium with solar energy and heating the facility by circulating heat radiation, generating heat in a wet state accompanying water absorption or moisture absorption that can be utilized at all times, and accompanying drying Focusing on wet heat-generating fiber material that can repeatedly reduce the heat generation, the wet heat-generating fiber material is used to make a wet heat-generating sheet that has a structure that can sufficiently keep the heat generated, and crops in the facility are cultivated The present invention has been conceived that the inside of the facility can be heated by laying it on the surface of the farmland to be sprayed and spraying or spraying it so as to achieve the required temperature inside the facility.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a heating method and a heating facility for an agricultural facility that can heat the inside of the facility safely, surely and inexpensively even at low temperatures, and which can be nurtured with a nurturing crop and a high production yield. is there.

  The technical means used by the present invention in order to solve the above-mentioned problems is that the crops such as fruit trees, sugar beets, or flower buds are shielded from the outside air and can be grown on the farmland surface of the crops to be cultivated in a facility that is erected. A moist exothermic fiber material that generates heat due to water absorption or moisture absorption is laid with a moist exothermic sheet body in which a heat retaining gap is formed so that heat can be stored and stored, and water is supplied by a temperature sensor inside the facility. The temperature control mechanism that drives or stops the pump and sprays or sprays water on the entire surface of the laid wet heat generating sheet body to promote wet heat generation, or stops water spraying or spraying to interrupt the wet heat generation. It exists in the heating method of the agricultural facility which maintains a body at required temperature.

  Furthermore, a synthetic resin film, a synthetic resin plate, or a glass plate having translucency is stretched and fixed to a frame material connected and assembled with a steel frame material or an iron pipe material so as to cover crops, and the facility body and this facility Heat retention gap by laminating at least two layers of moist exothermic base material laid or knitted or made of non-woven fabric with appropriate shape and size and laid on the farmland surface of crops grown in the body A wet exothermic sheet body having a portion formed thereon or a web in which a large number of heat retaining voids are formed is formed from a wet exothermic fiber material, and the web is encapsulated with an enveloping material made of a gas-permeable and water-permeable substrate. The wet heat generating sheet body, an orifice is provided to spray or spray water on the entire wet heat generating sheet body, and is connected to a water supply pump, and the facility body is maintained at a required temperature. Sensing the temperature of the facility body to be existing in agricultural heating facility comprising a temperature control mechanism consisting of a temperature sensor constituting the driving and stopping of the water supply pump.

  As described above, the present invention covers crops such as fruit trees, sugar beets, and flower buds, and is shielded from the outside air by a facility body that is stretched and fixed by a translucent synthetic resin film, synthetic resin plate material, or glass plate material. Wet heat generated by weaving or knitting a wet exothermic fiber material that has an appropriate shape and size, and generates heat by absorbing or absorbing moisture, or is formed into a non-woven fabric, on the farmland surface of the crop to be grown. A wet exothermic sheet body obtained by laminating a substrate in at least two layers, or a wet exothermic sheet body in which a web is formed of a wet exothermic fiber material and the web is encapsulated with a gas-permeable and water-permeable substrate, is laid. An orifice is provided so that water is sprayed or sprayed over the entire wet heat generating sheet body, and a water spray pipe connected to a water supply pump is arranged, Temperature control mechanism having a temperature sensor is provided so as to be able to drive or stop the feed water pump by sensing the temperature in 設体.

  For this reason, by setting the appropriate temperature inside the facility in advance, such as when the crops to be cultivated and changes in the outside temperature, etc., the sunlight can be transmitted freely during daylight hours, and the inside of the facility can be warmed and grown. The temperature sensor is activated as the temperature falls during nighttime or during snowfall, etc., and the water supply pump is driven to spray or spray the wet heat generating sheet body, the wet heat generating sheet body generates heat, and the facility body is heated, and By heating up to the set temperature, the temperature sensor is activated and the water supply pump is stopped, and water spraying and spraying are also interrupted, heat generation is lost, and the temperature inside the facility is maintained at the required set temperature. .

  In addition, since the present invention is intended to heat with heat energy generated by sprinkling or spraying water on a wet exothermic sheet body that retains a moist exothermic action, the maintenance cost related to heating is extremely low, and pollutants It can be grown in a very clean growth environment with no generation of harmful gases, and the wet heat generating sheet body has a large number of heat retaining gaps that can store and retain the generated heat energy. Retained without being dissipated.

  Furthermore, since the wet heat generating sheet body is laid and used on the surface of the farmland, it is heated from the surface of the farmland that is the coldest in the facility body, and the heated air is gradually raised in the facility body to heat the facility body. Therefore, the facility body is heated without temperature difference. The wet heat generating sheet of the present invention can be easily laid and removed, so that weeding work in the facility can be easily performed, etc. is there.

  At least two layers of wet exothermic base material woven, knitted or non-woven using wet heat generating fiber material on the farm land surface of the crop to be cultivated in a facility that is erected and can be cultivated by cutting off the crop from the outside air In addition to laminating the above or creating a web with a wet exothermic fiber material, the wet exothermic sheet body in which a large number of heat retaining voids are formed by wrapping the web with an air-permeable and permeated ground is laid. An orifice is provided to spray or spray water on the entire heat generating sheet body, and a sprinkling pipe connected to the water supply pump is arranged, and the water pump is driven or locked after sensing the temperature in the facility body. And a temperature control mechanism comprising a temperature sensor that heats the wet heat generating sheet body or heats it to a required temperature by reducing the heat generation, and a method for heating agricultural facilities. Heating facilities.

  In the following, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawing of the heating facility. FIG. 1 is a usage diagram of the heating facility for growing cherries, and the facility body 1 is a tree in a fruit tree as shown in FIG. Because of its high length and wide swing, the facility body 1 for blocking the outside air is also very large. Therefore, a tough and lightweight frame material 1A is desired, so an iron pipe is usually used. Therefore, in the cherry heating and heating facility, the struts 10A are fixedly connected to each other with a girder pipe 11A and an appropriate cross connector 12A at a predetermined interval, and further transformed into a required curvature. The arch pipe 13A is erected by connecting and fixing the ridge pipe 14A and the upper girder pipe 15A with the crossing coupler 12A with a predetermined interval.

  And, on the outer surface of the erected frame material 1A, a shielding resin 1B made of a light-transmitting synthetic resin film, a synthetic resin plate or a glass plate is stretched and fixed to form a facility body 1. The blocking material 1B in a large facility 1 such as a heating facility for growing cherries is made of polyethylene, polypropylene film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, etc., and has a thickness of about 0.08 to 0.8 mm. Are usually used. Further, in this case, a very wide variety of cross-connecting tools 12A are provided for use, but generally, what are called cross joints, cuts or pipe joints can be used.

In addition, in practical use in a cold region, it is advantageous to prevent the heated heat energy from escaping outside. Therefore, it is advantageous to stretch and fix the blocking material 1B to the inner surface of the facility body 1 as well. .
As a matter of course, when the facility body 1 is small, such as for growing vegetables and flowers, a steel frame or aluminum aggregate is used as the frame material 1A from the viewpoint of long-term use, and a synthetic resin plate or glass plate material is also used as the blocking material 1B. The number of impersonators and permanent facilities 1 that use etc. is increasing.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the wet heat generating sheet body 2 used in the present invention. In the present invention, in the facility body 1 that blocks fruit trees, sugar beets, flower buds and the like from the outside air even in extremely cold regions and snowy regions in winter. Heating to promote growth and high production yield, and extremely simple and inexpensive without specially adding heating energy. In order to realize heating without generating or discharging, the wet heat generation action by water absorption or moisture absorption is utilized, and in order to warm the inside of the facility body 1 by this wet heat generation action, the wet heat generation sheet body 2 In addition, the technical idea of laying on the farmland surface in the facility body 1 and sprinkling or spraying water on the wet heat generating sheet body 2 to heat the wet heat generating sheet body 2 is employed.

  For this purpose, the wet exothermic fiber material 2A is used when the wet exothermic sheet body 2 is formed, and the wet exothermic fiber material 2A is woven or knitted or formed into a non-woven fabric to form the wet exothermic substrate 2B once. 2B is cut into an appropriate shape and size, laminated in at least two layers and stitched 2C, and moisturized so that heat energy generated by moist heat generation can be stored and retained without being easily dissipated. The gap portion 20 is formed.

In such a case, the wet exothermic fiber material 2A is selected to exhibit water absorption or hygroscopic exothermic action. Specifically, hydrazine is cross-linked to the nitrile bond part of the acrylonitrile synthetic fiber, and the remaining part is a hydroxyl group. Or a functional group consisting of a carboxyl group or an amide group, a cellulose fiber or a protein fiber containing an amine group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or the like as a functional group, or a polyacrylic acid sodium salt as a main component And the like obtained by spinning the polymer.
The wet exothermic amount of the wet exothermic fiber material 2A varies depending on the amount of hydrazine to be cross-linked and the amount of functional groups, but is about 300 to 700 Joules / g at the time of water absorption of about 20 to 30% by weight.

In addition, when the wet exothermic fiber material 2A is used as the wet exothermic substrate 2B, it is desirable that a large number of heat retaining gaps 20 be formed in the wet exothermic sheet body 2 to be formed. As 2A, a multi-thread and a staple thread having a fineness are convenient.
In the case of weaving, a plain fabric is advantageous in terms of productivity and providing an inexpensive fabric, and in the case of knitting, a knitted fabric by Russell knitting is advantageous, but it is lightweight, tough and inexpensive. The most suitable is non-woven fabric.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the wet heat generating sheet body 3 made of the web 3A, and the wet heat generating sheet body 3 is formed with a large number of heat retaining gaps 20 in order to store the heat energy that has been generated by the moist heat generation. The web 3A is formed in advance using the wet exothermic fiber material 2A, and the web 3A is encapsulated with the enveloping material 3B made of air permeable and permeated ground. When formed in a large size, it is preferable to apply quilting 3C at every required interval in order to prevent separation between the web 3A and the covering material 3B.

  The wet exothermic sheet body 3 formed of the wet exothermic sheet body 2 or the web 3A thus formed is laid on the farmland surface 4 where the farm products in the facility body 1 are grown. In order to heat the facility body 1 by heating the wet heat generating sheet body 3 made of 3A, the entire wet heat generating sheet body 3 made of the laid wet heat generating sheet body 2 or the web 3A is water. Must be sprayed with water or sprayed to generate heat.

  For this purpose, orifices 5A are provided at every required interval so that water can be sprinkled or sprayed over the entire wet heat generating sheet body 3 comprising the wet heat generating sheet body 2 or web 3A laid as shown in FIG. The sprinkling pipe 5 is arranged, and the sprinkling pipe 5 is arranged on the farmland surface 4 along the wet heat generating sheet body 2 and the wet heat generating sheet body 3 formed of the web 3A. They may be coordinated with each other or suspended at an appropriate upper position.

The heat generation amount of the wet heat generating sheet body 2 or the wet heat generating sheet body 3 made of the web 3A is adjusted according to the amount of water sprayed or sprayed from the water spray pipe 5, and the required temperature is heated. In order to control the component composition of the exothermic fiber material 2A and the moisture absorption amount to be approximately 20 to 30% by weight, as shown in FIG. A temperature control mechanism 50 is provided for controlling the amount of water sprayed or sprayed from the orifice 5A by driving or stopping the water supply pump 5C according to a signal from the temperature sensor 5B disposed at the position. It is connected to the water supply pump 5C.
Further, it is advantageous to provide a water storage tank 5D for temporarily storing well water and tap water in order to ensure a sufficient amount of water supplied from the water supply pump 5C.

  The present invention not only enables the safe and reliable and inexpensive heating of fruit trees, sugar beets, or flower buds in a facility to cultivate and grow them with enhanced yield and high production yield, but also encourages sowing seedlings and increases yield. Breeding and raising seedlings at a rate is also possible.

  It is a use mode figure of the heating facility for cherry cultivation.   It is explanatory drawing of a facility body.   It is explanatory drawing of a wet heat_generation | fever sheet | seat body.   It is sectional explanatory drawing of the wet heat_generation | fever sheet | seat body which consists of webs.   It is explanatory drawing of a watering pipe.   It is explanatory drawing of a temperature control mechanism.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Facility body 1A Frame material 1B Blocking material 10A Support | pillar 11A Girder pipe 12A Cross connection tool 13A Arch pipe 14A Peak pipe 15A Upper girder pipe 2 Wet heat generation sheet body 2A Wet heat generation fiber material 2B Wet heat generation element 2C Sewing 20 Heat insulation gap 3 Web 3A web 3B wrapping material 3C quilting 4 farmland surface 5 watering pipe 5A orifice 5B temperature sensor 5C water supply pump 5D water storage tank 50 temperature control mechanism

Claims (3)

  Wet heat insulation fiber is formed on the surface of farmland such as fruit trees, sugar beets, or flowers to be cultivated in a facility that can be cultivated by cutting off the crops from the outside. After laying the heat generating sheet body, the water supply pump is driven or stopped by the temperature sensor in the facility body, and water is sprayed or sprayed from the watering pipe on the entire surface of the wet heat generating sheet body to promote wet heat generation, or water spraying or spraying is performed. A method for heating an agricultural facility comprising: a temperature control mechanism that stops the heat generation to interrupt the moist heat generation and thereby keeps the inside of the facility at a required temperature.   A translucent synthetic resin film, synthetic resin plate, or glass plate is stretched and fixed to a frame material that is joined and assembled with a steel frame material or an iron pipe material so that the crop can be covered so that it can grow fruit trees, sugar beets, or flowers. And at least two layers of woven, knitted or non-woven fabric made of wet exothermic fiber material in an appropriate shape and size on the surface of the farmland of the crops grown in the facility. A wet heat generating sheet body in which a heat retaining gap is formed, a water spray pipe provided with an orifice so that water can be sprayed or sprayed on the entire wet heat generating sheet body, and connected with a water supply pump, and a facility Agricultural heating facility consisting of a temperature control mechanism that senses the temperature inside the body with a temperature sensor to drive and stop the water supply pump.   The agricultural heating facility according to claim 2, wherein the wet exothermic sheet body comprises a core material and a covering material, the core material comprises a web formed of a wet exothermic fiber material, and the enveloping material comprises an air permeable and permeated ground. .

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