JP2005177613A - Crushing bucket for civil engineering machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushing bucket for crushing a charged material efficiently. <P>SOLUTION: A rotor (12) is disposed at the tip of an arm (1) of a civil engineering machine in such a manner as to be capable of swinging and causes the bucket body (7) to be charged with a raw material to rotate normally and reversibly during crushing operation, and crushing teeth (18 and 19), corresponding respectively to normal and reversible rotation, are attached to the rotor (12) through a swinging support (16). A rebounding plate liner (13) and a partition member (14) are arranged in the bucket body (7), and the bucket is constructed so as to permit crushing a raw material by pressing the material toward the bottom of the bucket body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing bucket for crushing raw materials with a bucket attached to the tip of an arm of a civil engineering machine. More specifically, the present invention relates to a crushing bucket that efficiently crushes various miscellaneous raw materials that are input by rotating crushing teeth forward and backward.

When road repairs and buildings are dismantled, a lot of various industrial wastes, such as asphalt glass and concrete waste, are discharged, which has become a social problem. In the past, many were disposed of for landfill, but now many are reused from the viewpoint of environmental conservation. In particular, waste materials such as concrete have a large amount and most of them can be reused. Therefore, the reuse is strongly desired.
The role of the bucket of the civil engineering machine that directly processes these waste materials is large. In addition to simply collecting raw materials such as waste materials, transporting them to other places and replacing them, there are many civil engineering machines that crush the raw materials in the process of taking in the bucket. In addition, a bucket having a crushing function is required for processing shells and the like and for producing products using crushed shells as raw materials. As an example of a simple method for bucket crushing, there has been proposed one in which various existing crushing devices are simply provided in a bucket.

As these examples, a pair of crushers that squeeze and crush waste material such as concrete lumps scraped into a bucket are detachably mounted, and the waste material is scooped and crushed and discharged as it is (for example, Patent Document 1). Further, there is also known an operation body provided with crushing teeth in a bucket so as to be capable of reciprocating, and crushing concrete waste material with a fixed crushing tooth provided in the bucket (for example, Patent Document 2). Furthermore, it is also known that a pair of rotating shafts are provided in the scooping device in the bucket, large, medium and small crushing tooth plates are attached to each rotating shaft, and the concrete blocks are crushed into small pieces by the tooth plate group by rotating the rotating shafts. (For example, Patent Document 3).
In the hitting type, there is also known a type in which a rotary crusher is attached to a hydraulic excavator with an attachment (for example, Patent Document 4). Also, for buckets with lids, not only prevents the scattering of raw materials, but also attaches a drum crusher with a drum cutter composed of a fixed blade and a rotary blade to the tip of the arm, and rotates the waste material with the fixed blade. What cuts / crushes between blades is also known (for example, Patent Document 5). In any case, the conventional configuration is a configuration in which the crushing teeth are normally rotated in one direction when performing crushing operations other than maintenance.

JP-A-10-121748 JP 9-316912 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-30247 JP-A-9-88355 JP 2001-113198 A

  Conventional crushing buckets are used by rotating crushing teeth in one direction during crushing operations as described above. Therefore, the crushing teeth attached to the rotor have a configuration corresponding to one direction. Although two or more types of crushing teeth may be attached, both are installed corresponding to rotation in the same direction. The drive device itself has a drive function capable of forward and reverse rotation, but the reverse use is limited to maintenance such as removal of clogging of raw materials. The raw materials are not always of a constant particle size, and their sizes vary.

In addition, there are hard soils and soft soils, and in addition, there are many cases where waste materials and the like are mixed with soft materials such as tiles, pottery, hard materials of glass, and wood, which are uncertain. In the case of constant raw materials, dedicated crushing buckets corresponding to these may be used, but most are rough raw materials generated from waste materials, etc., crushing soil etc. for ground improvement, and its use varies, It is currently used without distinction. Conventionally, raw materials such as soil have been treated with buckets that are crushed by crushing teeth that rotate in one direction as described above.
For this reason, although what meets the conditions of a bucket is good, there are things which do not match, and not all were not necessarily the desired crushed material, and it was not satisfactory. For example, in residential areas, the site is narrow and the soil quality is not constant, and the conditions vary depending on the work place. Thus, in addition to the capacity of the bucket, a simple and compact structure is also required. There is a demand for the realization of a crushing bucket that clears these conditions and can handle a wide range of land and raw materials.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and achieves the following object. An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing bucket in which a crushing operation can be performed with high efficiency by rotating crushing teeth in two directions of normal rotation or reverse rotation on a bucket body provided with a repulsion plate. Another object of the present invention is to provide a crushing bucket having a crushing efficiency improved by providing a plurality of different types of crushing teeth on the rotor and further allowing the crushing teeth to move relative to the rotor rotation on the rotor. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a crushing bucket having a simple structure and a low cost.

The present invention takes the following means in order to achieve the object.
The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 1
A bucket body that is swingably provided at the tip of the arm of the civil engineering machine, has an opening for feeding the raw material, and a discharge port for discharging the crushed raw material, and is rotatably provided in the bucket main body. A rotor for crushing, a rotor driving device provided on the side wall of the bucket body for driving the crushing rotation by rotating the rotor forward or backward, and a first corresponding to the forward rotation provided on the outer periphery of the rotor And a second crushing tooth provided on the outer periphery of the rotor and corresponding to the reverse rotation. It is characterized by performing crushing work by rotating the crushing teeth forward and backward.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 2 in the present invention 1,
A support body supported so as to be swingable in the rotor rotation direction is provided in the concave portion of the rotor, and the first crushing teeth or / and the second crushing teeth are fixed to the support body. The crushing teeth can be installed at an optimum position by swinging the crushing teeth in the rotor rotation direction.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 3 in the present invention 2,
The support is provided with a cover that covers the opening of the recess in the swing range of the support. Intrusion of crushed material into the recess can be prevented.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 4 is the present invention 2,
An adjustment member for restricting the swing range of the support is provided in the recess. The optimal swing range can be set.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 5 is the present invention 1,
A repulsion plate is provided on the inner wall of the bucket body on the outer periphery of the rotor. The crushing efficiency can be further increased.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 6 is the present invention 1,
A partition member is provided at an edge of the discharge port, and the first crushing teeth or the second crushing teeth are crossed with the partition member to crush and discharge the raw material. It is effective for crushing and crushing raw materials.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 7 is the present invention 6,
The partition member has a notch that allows the first crushing teeth or the second crushing teeth to cross and pass. Since the crushing gap of the raw material can be reduced, the crushing efficiency can be further increased.

The crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine of the present invention 8 is the present invention 1,
The outer periphery rotation circular part of the said 1st crushing tooth or the said 2nd crushing tooth is a structure which protrudes and is provided in the outward of the said bucket main body from the discharge edge part of the said discharge port, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. The raw material can be crushed simply by pressing the bottom of the bucket against the raw material.

  Since the crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine according to the present invention has different types of crushing teeth on the outer periphery of the rotor and is configured to crush the material by reversing forward and backward, the crushing bucket can be crushed with high efficiency without being restricted by the hard and soft materials of the material. It became a crushing bucket. In the crushing operation, the crushing teeth can be moved relative to the rotor, so that the crushing efficiency is increased. Furthermore, the shape has not changed much from the conventional one, and the crushing bucket has a compact and low-cost configuration despite the improved function.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a crushing bucket of a civil engineering machine according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof and is a view taken in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 3 and 4 are partial cross-sectional views showing a configuration for attaching crushing teeth to the rotor.

  The backhoe to which the crushing bucket of the present invention is applied is a civil engineering machine of the same system as the power shovel and is a publicly-known civil excavator, and therefore detailed description related to the backhoe is omitted. Generally, it is applied to excavation of the ground at a lower position than the machine, and performs operations such as drilling, grooving, etc. or ground improvement. The present invention relates to an improvement in a bucket that is attached to the tip of an arm of the backhoe and performs raw material crushing.

A crushing bucket 3 is swingably provided at the tip of the arm 1 via a support shaft 2. The arm 1 is provided with a bucket cylinder (not shown), and the tip of the piston rod 5a of the bucket cylinder is connected to one end of the connecting member 4 via a shaft 5 so as to be relatively rotatable. The other end of the connecting member 4 is attached to the bucket body 7 via a shaft 6 so as to be relatively rotatable. That is, when the piston rod 5 a moves forward and backward by the driving force of the bucket cylinder, the bucket body 7 of the crushing bucket 3 swings around the support shaft 2.
The crushing bucket 3 can be moved to any position in the turning range by the operation of the backhoe body, and the direction can be changed. The bucket body 7 of the crushing bucket 3 is generally used for scooping up a crushing object (excavated object) such as asphalt glass or a lump of concrete, taking it into the inside, crushing it, and carrying it.

  The crushing bucket 3 according to the present invention has a discharge port 9 for discharging the crushed raw material at the bottom, and an opening 8 for introducing a raw material such as waste material and crushed material is provided at the top. ing. The inner wall of the bucket body 7 is covered with a hard material. The rotor shaft 10 is rotatably provided on the bucket body 7 and is driven by a rotor driving device 11 disposed outside the bucket body 7. The rotor drive device 11 is rotationally driven by a motor, and this motor is rotationally controlled in two directions, the forward and reverse directions. The rotor drive device 11 may be a device that rotates the rotor shaft 10 via a V-belt by a hydraulic motor.

  The bucket body 7 is provided with a repellent plate liner 13 as a repellent member on the inner wall of the bucket body 7 along the outer periphery of the rotor 12. The repellent plate liner 13 has a substantially V-shaped configuration with a central portion protruding in a convex shape. A plurality of repellent liners 13 are attached to the inner wall of the bucket body 7. The repellent liner 13 is a hard material, but when it is worn or damaged during the crushing operation, it can be individually removed and attached, and can be replaced with a new repellent liner. Further, by making the repellent plate liner 13 convex, the raw material is struck against the convex part and easily crushed, thereby further enhancing the crushing effect.

  Furthermore, a partition member 14 for partitioning and discharging the raw material is provided at the edge 9 a of the discharge port 9. This partition member 14 is a plate-like hard member, is provided over the entire width of the bucket body, and is cut only 14a through which the crushing teeth pass. The partition member 14 can be rotated about the support shaft 15 so as to open only upward from a fixed position. By providing this partition member 14, crushing efficiency is increased.

  A rotor 12 is fixed to the rotor shaft 10, and the rotor shaft 10 and the rotor 12 rotate together. A recess 12 a is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 12, and a support 16 is supported by the recess 12 a via a shaft 17 so as to be swingable in the rotation direction of the rotor 12. In the present embodiment, the support bodies 16 are equally provided at four locations along the rotation direction, and a plurality of support bodies 16 are also provided along the width of the rotor 12. Two different types of crushing teeth are fixed to each of the supports 16.

  On the other hand, the cutting teeth 18 are used to crush the raw material by a forward rotating scraping operation. On the other hand, the hitting tooth 19 applies a reverse rotation hit to the raw material and crushes it. The striking teeth 19 are fixed to the support 16 so as to face the cutting teeth 18 back to back. In a state where the hitting teeth 19 are hit against the raw material, the raw material collides with the repellent plate liner 13 and is crushed. The impact teeth 19 are made of a hard and wear-resistant metal material, and are attached to the support 16 so as to be replaceable when worn or damaged. When the hitting surface 19 is worn or damaged, the hitting tooth 19 can be individually replaced with a new one as described above. The same applies to the cutting tooth 18. Further, the relationship between the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the cutting teeth 18 and the impact teeth 19 may be reversed.

  The cutting teeth 18 and the striking teeth 19 are both arranged along the rotational direction, and a plurality of the teeth are integrated with the support body on the outer periphery of the rotor 12. Although not shown, any of the crushing teeth is fixed to the support 16 with bolts so as to be replaceable, and can be replaced when worn or damaged. The rotor shaft 10 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) on the bucket body 7, but the rotor 12 is positioned below the bucket body 7, and the rotating outer circumference of the crushing teeth is the edge of the discharge port 9. It is installed so as to project outward from the bucket body 7 from 9b. As described above, the support 16 is configured to be able to swing within the recess 12a of the rotor 12.

  FIG. 3 shows an attachment configuration to the rotor 12 in the case of performing impact crushing by the impact teeth 19. The rotor 12 rotates to the right in the state shown in the figure. The swing range of the support 16 in the recess 12a is the angle α between A and B. This angle is twice the uniform distribution angle α1 with reference to the straight line connecting the center of the shaft 17 and the center O of the rotor shaft 10. When the rotor 12 rotates, the hitting teeth 19 are moved toward the left side (A side) of the recess 12a. The impacting teeth 19 adjacent to each other in the rotational direction are also brought together. When the hitting tooth 19 is brought close, the tooth portion 19a of the hitting tooth 19 is raised. The distance of the outer circumference circle of the tooth portion 19a with respect to the center O of the rotor shaft 10 changes from b2 (FIG. 4) to b1 (FIG. 3). This relationship is b1> b2, and the angle in the crushing direction changes.

  The hitting in a slightly raised state is hit in a state where the raw material is entrained to enhance the crushing effect. Further, a shim member 20 is provided in the recess 12a as an adjustment member, and restricts the swing range of the support 16. Although not shown, the shim member 20 is detachably fixed to the inner wall of the recess 12a by a fixing means such as a bolt. By selecting and installing the shim member 20 having a different thickness, the striking tooth 19 can be adjusted to the optimum position.

  FIG. 4 shows a mounting structure of the rotor when crushing with the cutting teeth 18. The rotor 12 rotates counterclockwise in the state shown in the figure. As described above, the support swings within the range of the angle α, and when the rotor 12 rotates, the cutting teeth 18 are brought to the right side (B side) of the recess 12a. The impacting teeth 19 adjacent to each other in the rotational direction are also brought together. When the cutting teeth 18 are brought close, the tooth portion 18a of the cutting teeth 18 is raised. The distance of the outer circumference circle of the tooth portion 18a with respect to the center O of the rotor shaft 10 changes from a1 (FIG. 3) to a2 (FIG. 4). As described above, this relationship is a2> a1, and the crushing angle changes. Since the cutting in the slightly raised state is crushed in a state where the raw material is entrained in the same manner as the above-described hitting tooth 19, the crushing effect is enhanced.

  It is necessary to prevent the crushed material from entering the recess 12a when the support 16 swings. Therefore, the support 16 is provided with cover members 21 that can be elastically deformed on both sides in the rotational direction as shown in the figure. The cover member 21 is configured and integrated so as to cover the concave portion on the adjacent support 16 side, and is elastically deformed so as to always contact the rotor side. The cover member 21 is provided so as to also cover the side surface of the support 16 so that crushed materials and the like do not enter the recess 12a in any state when the support 16 swings. The configuration of the crushing teeth described above is arranged in three rows in a staggered manner in the present embodiment as shown in FIG. 2 along the width of the rotor 12.

  The crushed raw material is shattered as a crushed material and falls to the lower part of the bucket body 7, but the bottom of the bucket body 7 serves as the discharge port 9, and the crushed material falls as it is. Further, as described above, the rotation outer circumference circle of the crushing teeth protrudes outward from the edge portion 9 b of the discharge port 9. For this reason, when raw materials that are insufficiently crushed have accumulated in the downward direction, it is possible to lower the bucket body downward and press the bottom of the crushed bucket 3 directly against the raw material. When 12 is rotated, the deposits can be crushed. Although this operation depends on the cutting teeth 18 in particular, crushing can be further promoted by crushing the raw material while rotating. This operation is effective for construction such as ground improvement, and when pressed against the sediment, the rotor is rotated by the cutting teeth 18 to mix and disintegrate the sediment.

  The present invention is a crushing bucket having various functions as described above, and is not provided with a member having a complicated structure. The crushing teeth are changed in position by swinging, the rotor is rotated forward and backward, and the crushing operation is performed at a low cost and the crushing efficiency is improved.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment was described, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this form. For example, although the support has been described as being equally spaced, the present invention is not limited thereto, and an appropriate shape, number, etc. may be determined according to the size and type of the bucket body. In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the position of the crushing teeth can be changed by swinging. However, as the configuration of the crushing bucket, the position of the crushing teeth can be changed by swinging, and the fixed one. You may comprise with the combination.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a crushing bucket of a civil engineering machine. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the crushing bucket of the civil engineering machine, and is a view taken in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which the crushing teeth are attached to the rotor, and shows a crushing configuration using the impacting teeth. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the crushing teeth are attached to the rotor, and shows a crushing configuration using cutting teeth.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Shredded bucket 7 ... Bucket body 9 ... Discharge port 10 ... Rotor shaft 11 ... Rotor drive device 12 ... Rotor 13 ... Repellent plate liner 14 ... Partition member 16 ... Support body 17 ... Shaft 18 ... Cutting teeth 19 ... Blowing teeth 20 ... Shim member 21 ... Cover member

Claims (8)

A bucket body that is swingably provided at the tip of the arm of the civil engineering machine, and has an opening for feeding the raw material and a discharge port for discharging the crushed raw material,
A rotor that is rotatably provided in the bucket body, and crushes the raw material;
A rotor drive device provided on the side wall of the bucket body for driving the crushing rotation by rotating the rotor forward or reverse;
A first crushing tooth provided on an outer periphery of the rotor and corresponding to the forward rotation;
A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine, comprising: a second crushing tooth provided on an outer periphery of the rotor and corresponding to the reverse rotation. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 1,
A civil structure characterized in that a support body supported so as to be able to swing in the rotor rotation direction is provided in the concave portion of the rotor, and the first crushing teeth or / and the second crushing teeth are fixed to the support body. Mechanical crushing bucket. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 2,
A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine, wherein a cover is provided on the support to cover the opening of the recess in the swing range of the support. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 2,
A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine, wherein an adjustment member for regulating a swing range of the support is provided in the recess. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 1,
A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine, wherein a repulsion member is provided on the inner wall of the bucket body on the outer periphery of the rotor. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 1,
A civil engineering machine characterized in that a partition member is provided at an edge of the discharge port, and the first crushing teeth or the second crushing teeth are mixed with the partition member to crush and discharge the raw material. Crushing bucket. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 6,
The crushing bucket of a civil engineering machine, wherein the partition member has a cut portion that allows the first crushing teeth or the second crushing teeth to cross and pass. A crushing bucket for a civil engineering machine according to claim 1,
The crushing of a civil engineering machine, wherein the rotation outer circumference circle of the first crushing tooth or the second crushing tooth is configured to project outward from the discharge edge of the discharge port to the bucket body. bucket.

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