JP2005122991A - Energy supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energy supply system wherein electric power and a fuel such as liquid hydrogen are transported in a composite manner for economical supply to a customer. <P>SOLUTION: A superconducting cable 12 is installed in a conveyance pipe with the use of a conveyance pipe 11 of liquid fuel, and the superconducting cable is cooled by the liquid fuel. A superconducting phenomenon reduces a power transmission loss, and an economical electric power is supplied to an electric power customer. The fuel transported in the conveyance pipe is supplied to a customer in the form of liquid fuel or a fuel gas which is a vaporized liquid fuel. A station 37 which supplies a liquid fuel, electric power, or energy formed from it to a customer, is provided with a means A for sensing the amount of supplied energy, and a means B for transmitting the amount of supplied energy which is sensed to a central processing unit 71. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an energy supply system, and more particularly, to a composite energy supply system that transports power, liquefied fuel, and the like in a composite manner and economically supplies them to each consumer.

  In the conventional superconducting power transmission, the superconducting cable is filled with liquid nitrogen, thereby cooling the superconducting cable and developing a superconducting phenomenon. The purpose of this prior art is to reduce power loss during power transmission, and superconducting power transmission is used as a means for this purpose.

That is, a superconducting cable that cools a power line made of a superconducting material with a low-temperature refrigerant is known. In such a superconducting cable, the low-temperature refrigerant is merely used as a cold heat source, but for the convenience of transporting power over a long distance, the cable is divided into a plurality of sections and the refrigerant is cooled in each section. In addition, a superconducting cable line is known that pressurizes the next section with a pump and sends out a refrigerant (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-56729 A

  On the other hand, since all hydrogen gas becomes water vapor even when burned, carbon dioxide gas is not generated, which is considered to be the best pollution-free energy source for preventing global warming due to carbon dioxide. In recent years, commercialization of fuel cells having an energy efficiency of 40 to 60% is approaching, and the use of fuel cells as a driving source for automobiles has been studied. However, the solution of means for transporting fuel such as hydrogen from the production area to the customer has become a major issue, and the actual situation is that the use is not progressing. Whether transporting hydrogen as an energy source as a gas or as a liquid, it is difficult to manufacture ultra-high pressure or ultra-low temperature transport containers, and when transporting by pipeline, the installation cost is enormous. It becomes. The best application field where hydrogen, etc. can exhibit its pollution-free characteristics is considered to be for automobiles equipped with fuel cells, but a large amount of hydrogen that can be replenished at any location, storage technology, and its economical installation No reasonable solution has been proposed yet.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to supply energy that can be economically supplied to consumers while transporting fuel such as electric power and liquefied hydrogen in a composite manner to achieve effective use of energy. The purpose is to provide a system.

  The energy supply system of the present invention uses a liquefied fuel transport pipe, lays a superconducting cable in the transport pipe, cools the superconducting cable with the liquefied fuel, reduces power transmission loss by superconducting phenomenon, While supplying economical electric power to a house, the fuel conveyed by the said conveyance pipe is supplied to the consumer in the form of liquefied fuel or the fuel gas which vaporized liquefied fuel, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. . In addition, the cold heat generated when the liquefied fuel is gasified is supplied to the cold heat consumer in the form of a refrigerant.

  Here, liquefied hydrogen or hydrogen gas is preferably used as the fuel, and liquefied natural gas or natural gas may be used as the fuel.

  According to the present invention, when transporting liquefied fuel, a superconducting cable for power transmission can be laid in the liquefied fuel transport pipe, and the power transport loss can be reduced by the superconducting phenomenon. Accordingly, it is possible to perform economical power transmission and economically supply electric power to the electric power consumer, and to supply the liquefied fuel to the fuel consumer as a liquid or as a gas. Thereby, hydrogen suitable as a fuel for the fuel cell can be transported over a long distance and economically supplied to consumers. At the same time, the heat of vaporization when the liquefied fuel is converted into gas can be converted into a refrigerant as a cold heat and supplied to a cold consumer, thereby effectively using energy.

  In addition, the transport pipe is laid along a railroad track, and gas, liquefied fuel, or fuel gas obtained by vaporizing electric power, liquefied fuel, or liquefied fuel is gasified to customers in the railway business or in the vicinity of the railroad. It is preferable to supply the cold generated at the time. The existing railroad track generally has a sufficient space for laying the transfer pipe, and is suitable for laying the transfer pipe as a long-distance transfer path for the composite energy. In addition, railway operators are large-scale energy consumers such as electric power, and a large number of cars such as buses and taxis generally gather around the railway station. When these automobiles are driven by fuel cells, a large demand for hydrogen gas is expected. Therefore, an efficient supply of energy can be performed by laying a transport pipe along the railway line and supplying fuel such as electric power and liquefied hydrogen.

  Here, it is preferable that the hydrogen gas obtained by gasifying the liquefied hydrogen is pressurized and supplied as fuel for the fuel cell power generation apparatus. Thereby, hydrogen gas as fuel can be directly supplied to the fuel tank of the fuel cell driven automobile.

  Moreover, the liquefied fuel or fuel gas conveyed by the said conveyance pipe | tube may be reformed to hydrogen gas, and you may make it supply a consumer as fuel gas of a fuel cell. As a result, liquefied natural gas having a temperature higher than that of liquefied hydrogen can be used as the liquefied fuel, and the transport conditions can be relaxed.

  Further, it is preferable that a signal line made of a superconducting material is laid in the transport pipe, and further provided with an information line that is a superconducting signal line by liquefied fuel or fuel gas transported by the transport pipe. Thereby, in addition to electric power and liquefied fuel, it becomes possible to transmit communication information without loss.

  The energy supply system of the present invention is a system for transporting liquefied fuel and electric power by a liquefied fuel transport pipe and a superconducting cable laid in the transport pipe, and is formed from the liquefied fuel or power or the liquefied fuel or power. A station for supplying energy to a consumer is provided with means for detecting the supply amount of these energy and means for transmitting the detected supply amount of energy to the central processing unit. The fuel cell-equipped vehicle preferably includes means for detecting the consumption of hydrogen gas, which is fuel of the fuel cell-equipped vehicle, and means for transmitting the consumption to the central processing unit. It is preferable that a hydrogen gas station that supplies hydrogen gas is provided with means for detecting the supply amount of hydrogen gas and means for transmitting the detected supply amount of hydrogen gas to the central processing unit. Thereby, smooth distribution of liquefied fuel, electric power, or energy formed from these can be achieved.

  In general, according to the present invention, as a combined energy supply system, economically, in the form of electricity, liquefied hydrogen or liquefied natural gas, hydrogen gas for fuel cells, natural gas for fuel, etc., or cold heat such as cold water, It becomes possible to supply high-grade energy alone or in combination as appropriate to each consumer.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member or element which has the same function, and the duplicate description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 1 shows cross-sectional configuration examples of various liquefied fuel transfer pipes according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.1 (a) shows the example which laid the superconducting cable in the liquefied fuel conveyance pipe. The outside of the liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 is covered with a heat insulating material 14 for the purpose of blocking external heat. A superconducting cable 12 is laid in the liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11. A liquefied fuel flow path 13 is formed in the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11, and a low temperature liquefied fuel is supplied to the flow path 13 so that the superconducting cable 12 maintains a superconducting state. While flowing through the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 while fulfilling the function as a heat medium for maintaining the low temperature of the fuel, it is transported.

  Here, liquefied hydrogen, liquefied natural gas (LNG), or the like is used as the liquefied fuel. Superconducting power transmission can be performed by cooling the superconducting cable with these low-temperature liquefied fuels. Further, by transporting these liquefied fuels, hydrogen gas suitable as fuel for the fuel cell can be supplied to the transport destination. Note that the liquefied fuel is not necessarily a liquid, and may be a gas having a temperature that can cool the superconducting cable. Of course, the liquefied fuel may be in a state in which a liquid state and a gas state are mixed. In addition, although one pipe line is illustrated, it is of course possible to arrange a plurality of pipe lines in parallel.

  That is, when transporting liquefied fuel, a superconducting cable 12 for power transmission is laid in the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 to reduce power transport loss due to the superconducting phenomenon, and to economically transmit power to power consumers. The liquefied fuel is supplied to the fuel consumer as a liquefied gas or gas. For example, if hydrogen is used as the liquefied fuel, combined with the fact that power can be transmitted with high efficiency, hydrogen gas, which is fuel for fuel cells, can be directly supplied to consumers who use fuel cells. In addition, if liquefied natural gas is used as liquefied fuel, it is possible to transmit electricity with high efficiency. Therefore, natural gas is converted to natural gas customers, and natural gas is changed to hydrogen gas for consumers who use fuel cells. Quality fuel gas for fuel cell can be supplied.

  Moreover, when converting a liquefied fuel into gas, a big cold heat can be taken out. That is, when the liquefied fuel is heat-exchanged with normal temperature water to vaporize the liquefied fuel, a large amount of cold water is produced, and this cold water can be supplied to consumers in the form of cold heat. Naturally, cold heat can be used for air conditioning, but energy can also be recovered as generated power by using it in a gas turbine generator using exhaust heat. In the example of the liquefied fuel described above, the cold heat generated when the liquefied hydrogen is converted to hydrogen gas can be supplied to the cold heat consumer, and the cold heat generated when the liquefied natural gas is turned into the natural gas is also the cold heat customer. Can be supplied to.

  FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional configuration example of another embodiment of the liquefied fuel transfer pipe. The liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 is covered with a heat insulating material 14 for the purpose of shutting off external heat, and the superconducting cable 12 is laid inside thereof, as in the above embodiment. In this embodiment, the liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 is further provided with another pipe line 15, which is divided into two chambers by a partition wall so as to transfer two types of liquefied fuel, the liquefied fuel X and the liquefied fuel Y. It has become. That is, the liquefied fuel X flows through the flow path 13 in the pipe line 11, and the liquefied fuel Y flows through the flow path 16 in the pipe line 15. Thereby, for example, the liquefied natural gas can be transported while being cooled by the liquefied natural gas flowing through the flow path 13 in the conduit 11 so that the superconducting cable 12 maintains the superconducting state. Liquid hydrogen can be conveyed by the path 16.

  FIG. 1C shows a cross-sectional configuration example of another embodiment of the liquefied fuel transfer pipe. The liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 is covered with a heat insulating material 14 for the purpose of shutting off external heat, and the superconducting cable 12 is laid inside thereof, as in the above embodiment. Also in this embodiment, the liquefied fuel X and the liquefied fuel Y are transported into the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 so that the superconducting cable 12 maintains the superconducting state, and liquefied as a heat medium for maintaining the superconducting cable at a low temperature. It flows in the fuel transfer pipe 11. In this embodiment, the liquefied fuel X flows through the flow path 18 in the pipe line 17 surrounding the superconducting cable 12, and the liquefied fuel Y flows through the flow path 13 in the remaining space in the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11. ing. Thereby, for example, while the superconducting cable 12 is cooled by the liquefied hydrogen flowing through the flow path 18 in the pipe line 17 that is insulated so as to maintain the superconducting state, the liquefied hydrogen can be conveyed and liquefied by the flow path 13 in the pipe line 11. Natural gas can be transported.

  FIG. 1 (d) shows an example in which signal lines for various uses are laid in the liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 as superconducting signal lines 19. If various signal lines are laid as the superconducting signal line 19, a high-quality signal transmission line can be realized with almost no signal attenuation. Thereby, even if long-distance transmission is performed, the arrangement of repeaters can be made almost unnecessary. In the illustrated example, a superconducting signal line 19 made of the same material as the superconducting cable is laid in the flow path 13 of the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 that transports the liquefied fuel. Here, a plurality of superconducting signal lines 19 may be laid with a single wire, or a plurality of superconducting signal lines may be arranged close to each other to form one or a plurality of liquefied fuels. You may lay in the conveyance pipe 11.

  FIG. 1 (e) shows a modified example of FIG. 1 (d) in which a signal line for various uses is a superconducting signal line 20 and is laid in the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11. In this embodiment, the transport pipe is made of a superconducting material, or the inner wall with which the liquefied fuel or fuel gas transported by the transport pipe contacts is made of a superconducting material, and the superconducting material is used as a superconducting signal line. That is, a plurality of superconducting signal lines 20 divided in the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner wall of the transport pipe 11. As a result, the space inside the liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 can be used effectively, and the liquefied fuel transfer space can be widened. Note that the superconducting signal line 20 may not be divided in the circumferential direction, and may be configured as one or two superconducting signal lines as an integral structure. In this embodiment, the conveyance pipe 11 is made into a halved structure, a signal line made of a material that develops a superconducting phenomenon is bonded to the inner peripheral surface of the pipe wall, and the two halved structures are joined to each other. Tube 11 can be made. ,

  FIG. 1 (f) shows an example in which the signal lines for various uses are superconducting signal lines 20 laid in the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 and the superconducting cable 12 is laid in the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11. The liquefied fuel is transported by the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11, and the superconducting cable 12 and the superconducting signal line 20 are cooled to be in a superconducting state, the power transmission loss becomes zero, and the signal line signal transmission loss becomes zero. In this case, in addition to the energy multi-purpose supply system, an energy / information multi-purpose supply system that includes information, that is, a so-called energy is realized.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an energy supply system using liquefied fuel transport pipes and superconducting power transmission using liquefied fuel transport pipes. The electric power generated at the power plant 31 is supplied to the superconducting cable in the liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 via the inlet station 33. On the other hand, a part of this electric power is supplied as electric power for liquefying the fuel gas, and the liquefied fuel produced by the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 is similarly supplied to the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 through the inlet station 33.

  If the power plant 31 is a nuclear power plant and the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 also uses this surplus power, there is no waste in the entire system, no energy derived from petrochemicals is used, no global warming gas is generated, It becomes a form of extremely clean energy supply and consumption. The hydrogen gas used here may be a hydrogen gas produced at a hydrogen production plant by a water electrolysis production method using electric power supplied from the power plant or another power plant, and other raw materials, for example, Hydrogen gas from new energy may be used. Natural gas may also be derived from LNG, produced by methane fermentation or the like. The liquefied fuel transported by the transport pipe is supplied by liquefying the fuel gas from the fuel gas pipeline or directly supplied from the liquefied fuel pipeline.

  When transporting liquefied fuel such as liquefied hydrogen or liquefied natural gas through the liquefied fuel transport pipe, 1 to 50%, preferably 10 to 30% of the gasified fuel is mixed and transported in the liquefied fuel. It is also possible. Further, liquefied natural gas accompanied by hydrogen gas may be transported as liquefied fuel. Thereby, hydrogen gas suitable as a fuel for a fuel cell power generator can be easily obtained from natural gas. Further, not only liquefied fuel but also a low-temperature fuel gas capable of developing a superconducting phenomenon may be transported by the transport pipe 11.

The liquefied fuel conveyance pipe 11 conveys liquefied fuel and electric power over a long distance of, for example, 100 km, and the temperature of the liquefied fuel rises due to external heat and frictional heat of the pipe during the conveyance, Decreases. For this reason, the relay stations 35 for cooling and pressurizing the liquefied fuel are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the transport path. The relay station 35 includes a pump for pressurizing the liquefied fuel and a heat exchanger for cooling the liquefied fuel being conveyed.
The power source of these devices may be an electric motor driven by external electric power or the like, or may be a mechanical drive by a liquefied fuel transported by the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 or a turbine powered by a low temperature gas. It may be driven by an electric motor that uses electric power generated in a fuel cell power generation device that uses hydrogen gas produced from liquefied fuel conveyed by the liquefied fuel conveyed by the conveying pipe 11 as fuel. External electric power or electric power conveyed by the liquefied fuel conveying pipe 11 It may be a superconducting drive that uses a liquefied fuel transported by the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 as a low temperature medium as a power source, or may be driven by an electric motor driven by the power transported by the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11.

  The conveyance path is provided with a branch station 36 and branches the conveyance pipe 11. As a result, a network of transport paths is possible, and a networked composite energy supply system is configured to connect a plurality of inlet stations 33 and a plurality of outlet stations 34 to which liquefied fuel and power are transported. That is, the liquefied fuel and power supplied via the inlet station 33 are transported in the transport pipe 11, and the fuel gas is obtained by vaporizing the liquefied fuel or liquefied fuel to the power consumer via the outlet station 34. To each customer. Moreover, the cold heat which arises when vaporizing liquefied fuel is supplied to each consumer. Of course, it may be a transfer path connecting a single entrance station and a single exit station without networking.

  In the exit station 34, the electric power and liquefied fuel which were conveyed by the conveyance pipe 11 are isolate | separated. The electric power is converted into a voltage suitable for being sent to each consumer by the substation equipment 41, and is sent to each consumer. A part of the separated liquefied fuel such as liquefied hydrogen and liquefied natural gas is supplied directly to the liquefied fuel consumer in a liquid state. Further, liquefied fuel is gasified by a fuel gasifier (vaporizer) 42 and supplied to a fuel gas consumer as fuel gas. These liquefied fuels or fuel gases can be used as fuel for fuel cell power generators in factories, stores, homes, etc., and of course can also be used as heat sources for air conditioning, gas turbine generators, and the like.

  When the fuel gas is hydrogen gas, the fuel gas-equipped automobile consumer demands that the gas pressure gasified by the fuel gasifier (vaporizer) 42 is low. A suitable high-pressure gas is used. Then, high-pressure hydrogen gas is supplied to the automobile as a fuel for the fuel cell through a dedicated coupler. When the fuel gas is other than hydrogen (in the case of natural gas), hydrogen gas is generated via the hydrogen gas reformer 44. And the produced | generated hydrogen gas is made into the high pressure gas suitable for a vehicle-mounted fuel cell through the high pressure compression apparatus 43. FIG. Then, high-pressure hydrogen gas is supplied to the automobile as a fuel for the fuel cell through a dedicated coupler. The dedicated coupler is equivalent to a gasoline supply device of a current gasoline-driven vehicle, and directly fills a fuel tank of a fuel cell-equipped vehicle with high-pressure hydrogen gas. In a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell, direct current power is generated by fuel cell power generation using the filled hydrogen gas, a motor is driven, and the vehicle is driven.

  Further, as described above, the liquefied fuel is gasified by the fuel gasifier (vaporizer) 42 and supplied as the fuel gas, but the cold generated when the liquefied fuel is gasified is converted into heat through the medium. However, it can be supplied as a cooling medium. In the illustrated example, water is used as the medium, and cold water is obtained from the cold generated when the liquefied fuel is heated and converted into fuel gas through a heat exchanger. And this cold water is supplied to a cold-heat consumer. The cold water can of course be used for air conditioning or the like, but can also be used for power generation, for example, as a cold heat source of a gas turbine generator.

  In addition, it is good also as a cooling fluid of the cooling line supplied to various cold storage stations instead of water as the medium of heat exchange. In this case, it is also possible to collect the cooling liquid return lines of the cold storage stations arranged on the composite energy supply system and supply them as cold heat. Moreover, a large amount of information can be supplied simultaneously by providing the transport pipe 11 with a superconducting signal line.

  In addition, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas can be produced by a water electrolysis (electrolysis) device using electric power transmitted by the superconducting cable 12 in the transport pipe 11 as a power source. Therefore, fuel hydrogen gas for the fuel cell and oxygen gas that is ½ of the hydrogen gas amount can be produced by the water electrolysis device 45 with the transported electric power supplied from the substation equipment 41. For this reason, when the amount of fuel gas for the fuel cell transported by the transport pipe 11 is insufficient with respect to the demand amount, hydrogen gas is produced by the water electrolysis device 45 by the transported power to compensate for the shortage amount. Is also possible. The hydrogen gas produced by the water electrolysis device 45 is regulated by the high-pressure compression device 43, merged with the hydrogen gas conveyed by the conveying pipe 11 and vaporized by the vaporizer 42, and supplied to the consumer as fuel for the fuel cell. Is done. Moreover, this hydrogen gas may be liquefied and supplied to a fuel consumer as liquefied hydrogen. In addition, the oxygen gas produced by the water electrolysis device 45 is also produced in half the amount of the hydrogen gas, which can be supplied to consumers of oxygen gas by adjusting the pressure.

  As described above, since liquefied hydrogen or liquefied natural gas is used in the present invention, the gas generated during the transportation or use of the liquefied hydrogen or liquefied natural gas is individually or appropriately assembled and supplied to consumers of each gas. It can also be supplied to hydrogen gas pipelines and natural gas pipelines. In addition, as described above, the gas generated during the transportation and use of these is collected individually or appropriately, and liquefied again to be supplied to the superconducting cable, or in the adjacent liquefied hydrogen pipeline or liquefied natural gas pipeline You may make it supply to.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the present invention in which a liquefied fuel transfer pipe is laid along a railroad track. In this embodiment, a liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 that transports electric power and liquefied fuel is disposed along a railway line 51. In addition, the liquefied fuel conveyance pipe 11 may be arrange | positioned in the ground beside a track, may be arrange | positioned in the underground of the lower part of a track, or may be arrange | positioned in the upper space of a track. Then, electric power and liquefied fuel such as liquefied hydrogen and liquefied natural gas are introduced into the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 through the inlet station 55 from the power plant / hydrogen factory in the vicinity of the railway, and this is arranged along the railroad track. It is conveyed by the conveyed conveyance tube 11.

  An exit station 56 is arranged in the vicinity of the railway station 52, and electric power and liquefied fuel are respectively taken out. In addition to being consumed in the station, the extracted power can also be supplied to nearby power consumers such as factories and houses. The extracted liquefied fuel can be supplied as hydrogen gas, natural gas, and cold heat not only to railway applications but also to factories, stores, houses, and the like in and around the station. In particular, in the vicinity of the railway station 52, many cars such as taxis and buses gather, and when these cars are equipped with a fuel cell as a driving source, they play an important role as a fuel supply station. . In addition, liquefied hydrogen and hydrogen gas are particularly suitable as fuel for fuel cell power generators for factories, buildings, and households, and natural gas, cold heat, and the like are suitable as heat sources for air conditioning.

  A train traveling on a railroad uses electric power as its power source. Therefore, the power loss during power transmission can be reduced by supplying the power transmitted from the exit station to the railway substation (not shown) through the superconducting cable. In addition, when performing superconducting power transmission using the superconducting cable in the transport pipe, a superconducting phenomenon due to cooling of liquefied fuel is connected to the generator, transformer, and its power supply cable connected to the cable in order to further reduce power loss. You may make it use the electric wire path using this.

  In this way, by installing a liquefied fuel carrier pipe that can perform superconducting power transmission that can reduce power loss in parallel with the railway line, energy such as electric power, hydrogen gas, natural gas, and cold energy can be used not only for railway applications. It is possible to supply to each customer such as a station, a factory near the station, a store, a house, a car including a taxi and a bus.

  If completed railways such as railways are used for laying liquefied fuel transfer pipes, a new site will not be required for liquefied fuel transfer pipes, and the station will be used as a base for the energy supply. For example, the station square is already equipped with a place for users to access, so that the railway station can be used as an energy terminal or energy station for energy such as electricity, hydrogen gas, natural gas, and cold energy. Become. That is, hydrogen fuel can be supplied to a fuel cell vehicle such as a regular bus or taxi in the vicinity of the station, so that the station can be used as a hydrogen station for a fuel cell vehicle. In particular, among the customers in the vicinity of the station, buses and taxis, etc. in the station premises where the number of fuel cell-equipped vehicles is stable and consumption is stable, and hydrogen gas consumption is stable, which is convenient from the viewpoint of stable supply of hydrogen gas It can be said. Furthermore, a railway station can be used as an information station by providing a superconducting signal line inside the transport pipe.

  In addition, since fuels such as hydrogen gas are handled, it goes without saying that facilities and operating methods that fully consider the compliance standards and the like are applied to safety as in the case of natural gas.

FIG. 4 schematically shows an example in which a liquefied fuel transfer pipe is laid between a plurality of power plants.
When the power transmitted from the power plant 60 to the customer exceeds the power generation capacity of the power plant 60, power is supplied from the power plant 61 to the power plant 60. Further, when the power generation capacity of the power plant 61 exceeds the capacity of the customer of the power plant 61, the necessary power is supplied from the power plant 60 to the power plant 61. In this system, the power plant 60 uses the surplus power to transport liquefied fuel such as liquefied hydrogen produced by the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 to the power plant 61. In this example, the case of mutual power interchange between two power plants is shown, but it is also possible to construct a liquefied fuel transfer pipe 11 between three or more power plants and interchange power with each other. . In this case, the supply of liquefied fuel such as liquefied hydrogen may be mutually supplied from any power plant.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a business model in the above-described energy supply system. This energy supply system is a composite energy supply system in which liquefied fuel and electric power are conveyed by the liquefied fuel transport pipe 11 and the superconducting cable provided in the transport pipe as described above. In this energy supply system, the station 37 for supplying the consumer with the liquefied fuel or electric power, or the energy formed from them, means for detecting the supply amount of these energy, and the supply amount of the detected energy. Means for transmitting to the central processing unit 71.

  The fuel cell-equipped automobile 73 includes means for detecting the consumption amount of hydrogen gas, which is the fuel, and means for transmitting the consumption amount to the central processing unit 71. In addition, a hydrogen gas station 46 that supplies hydrogen gas as fuel to a fuel cell vehicle is transmitted to the central processing unit 71 by means for detecting the supply amount of hydrogen gas and the detected supply amount of hydrogen gas. Means. Then, a business operator who supplies liquefied fuel or electric power or energy formed from these to a customer orders based on the database 72 of the central processing unit 71 to order from the business operator who supplies the energy on the upstream side. It has become.

  This will be specifically described below. The power plant 31 includes means A for detecting the supply amount of power sent from the entrance station 33 via the transport pipe 11 and means B for transmitting the detected supply amount of energy to the central processing unit 71. . Similarly, in the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32, hydrogen gas is produced by an electrolytic device or the like and liquefied to produce liquefied hydrogen. A means A for detecting the supply amount of liquefied fuel such as liquefied hydrogen delivered to the inlet station 33 and a means B for transmitting the detected supply amount of liquefied fuel to the central processing unit 71 are provided.

  Here, the central processing unit 71 is generally a remote site owned by a third party that is separated from the site of the business owner who owns the power plant 31 or the site of the business owner who owns the liquefied fuel production facility / supply facility 32. It is installed on the site. The central processing unit 71 can be connected to various operators participating in the energy supply business. The storage device inside the central processing unit 71 is provided with a database 72, and the amount of supplied power, the amount of liquefied fuel supplied, and the like are automatically and sequentially stored in the database 72. The owners of the central processing unit 71 and the database 72 are generally different from those of electric power manufacturers and liquefied fuel manufacturers, and may be owned by an association of companies involved in various types of energy supply. preferable.

  The means A for detecting the energy supply amount and the means B for transmitting the detected energy amount to the central processing unit 71 as described above are also applied to the entrance station 33, the relay station 35, the branch station 36, the exit station 34, and the like. Is provided.

  In the energy station 37 connected to the exit station 34, the liquefied fuel and the electric power sent via the transfer pipe 11 are separated. The electric power is boosted or stepped down to a voltage suitable for various consumers by the transformer 41 and supplied to various electric power consumers. The power sent from the substation equipment 41 is transmitted to the central processing unit 71 via the sending power amount detection means A and the transmission means B. Moreover, in the energy station 37, liquefied fuel (liquefied hydrogen etc.) is supplied to various liquefied fuel consumers in the state of the liquefied low temperature. The supply amount of the liquefied fuel from the energy station 37 is detected by the detection means A and transmitted to the central processing unit 71 by the transmission means B.

Further, in a liquefied fuel consumer such as a factory, a store, or a hydrogen station described later, the consumption amount of the liquefied fuel in each consumer is detected by the detecting means A and transmitted to the central processing unit 71 by the transmitting means B. . Note that the supply amount of liquefied hydrogen is stored in the database 72 in units of m ³ / h, for example. Moreover, the cold heat | fever produced | generated in the form of cold water from the energy station 37 at the time of vaporization of liquefied hydrogen is supplied to cold-heat consumers, such as a factory, a large-scale store, and an apartment house. The amount of cold heat supplied from the energy station 37 is also detected by the detection means A and transmitted to the central processing unit 71 by the transmission means B.

Further, vaporized fuel such as hydrogen gas is supplied from the energy station 37 to the fuel gas consumer. The main use of this fuel gas is a fuel cell power generator. Then, the supply amount of the fuel gas is detected by the detection means A and transmitted to the central processing unit 71 by the transmission means B. In the case of a fuel cell power generation device for home use, the individual who is the fuel gas consumer is mainly an individual, and when the fuel cell power generation device is installed in a factory, building or store, the owner's Companies become consumers. Also in each of these consumers, the consumption amount of the fuel gas is detected by the detection means A and transmitted to the central processing unit 71 by the transmission means B. In addition, the unit of the fuel gas supply amount or consumption is Nm ³ / h.

  In the energy station 37, hydrogen gas vaporized and pressurized from liquefied hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen gas station 46. The hydrogen gas station 46 corresponds to a gasoline station of a fuel cell-equipped vehicle, which supplies hydrogen gas, which is fuel of the fuel cell-equipped vehicle, to the fuel cell-equipped vehicle 73 via the dispenser 47. The hydrogen gas station 46 includes means A for detecting the supply amount of hydrogen gas to the fuel cell-equipped vehicle for each dispenser 47 and means B for transmitting the detected supply amount to the central processing unit 71.

Further, when there are a plurality of dispensers 47, there are provided means A for detecting the fuel gas supply amount of the entire hydrogen gas station 46 and means B for transmitting the same to the central processing unit 71. The fuel cell vehicle 73 also includes means A for detecting the consumption of each hydrogen gas and means B for transmitting the amount of consumed hydrogen gas to the central processing unit 71. Of course, the remaining amount of fuel gas (hydrogen gas) filled in the fuel cell vehicle is also detected and displayed in the vehicle. Note that the consumption amount of fuel gas is displayed as Nm ³ even in a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell. These transmitted data are arithmetically processed as individual data in the database 72 in the central processing unit 71, aggregated and stored.

  The database 72 may be made public, for example, on an Internet website, or may be accessible only by a specific registered operator via a dedicated communication line. In addition, as the transmission means B for the detection data of the energy supply amount or consumption amount, the central processing unit 71 may be accessed via a public communication network, or the central processing unit 71 using a wireless communication system. You may make it access. In any case, information about the supply amount and consumption amount of various operators of various energies is gathered, calculated, calculated, and stored every moment.

  Thereby, the operator of the energy station that supplies various types of energy to the consumer calculates, based on the database 72 of the central processing unit 71, for example, prediction data for the required supply energy amount for the next day from the actual supply amount data for the next day. To do. Then, an order is placed with the operator of the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 that supplies liquefied fuel such as liquid hydrogen and the operator of the power plant 31 that supplies electric power. This ordering operation is also preferably performed via the database 72 of the central processing unit 71. The operator of the liquefied fuel manufacturing / supply facility 32 and the operator of the power plant 31 that supplies power, based on the ordering information from each energy station gathered in the database 72, the amount of energy supplied, the supply route, etc. Can be determined.

  Further, the operator of the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 uses the liquefied hydrogen based on the consumption data of the hydrogen gas collected from the fuel cell-equipped vehicle 73 in addition to the required predicted amount data ordered from each energy station 37. It is necessary to determine the production amount. The consumption amount data and remaining amount data of the hydrogen gas consumed by the fuel cell vehicle 73 may be stored not only in the central processing unit 71 but also in a database provided in each energy station. Thereby, each energy station can grasp | ascertain the demand amount of the hydrogen gas which self supplies directly, and can take the balance of a demand amount and a supply amount more accurately.

  Similarly, it is preferable that hydrogen gas consumers such as factories, buildings, stores, and private houses make a filling request to the energy station 37 based on their energy consumption status. In response to this filling request, it is preferable that the energy station issues a filling possible notice and supplies each consumer with hydrogen gas in an amount corresponding to the requested amount. Thereby, the demand amount with high accuracy can be predicted, and an appropriate amount can be ordered from the liquefied hydrogen manufacturer or the like. In addition, such a notification of the demand amount and a notification of the supplyable amount are similarly performed to the cold heat consumer, the liquefied hydrogen consumer, and the like.

  The data of the amount supplied to each energy station 37 of the operator of the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 corresponds to a delivery note. Therefore, it is possible to perform business transactions for ordering and receiving orders between the business of the liquefied fuel production / supply facility 32 and the business of each energy station 37 via the database 72 of the central processing unit 71. Note that payment may be made via the database 72. Similarly, it is possible to perform business transactions for orders and orders based on a database placed in the central processing unit 71 or the energy station 37 between the operator of the energy station 37 and each energy consumer.

  Although the above explanation is mainly about liquefied hydrogen, liquefied natural gas is used as the liquefied fuel, it is reformed into hydrogen gas at the energy station 37, and supplied to the hydrogen gas station 46. Of course. Further, the liquefied fuel transported through the transport pipe 11 is not necessarily in a liquid state, and may be a low-temperature gas at a temperature that can sufficiently cool the superconducting power transmission line and form a superconducting state. In addition, the transmission of information from the energy station 37 to the central processing unit 71 may be performed using the superconducting signal lines 19 and 20 (see FIGS. 1D to 1F) provided in the transport pipe 11. .

  In addition, the said embodiment described the one aspect | mode of the Example of this invention, Of course, a various deformation | transformation Example is possible, without deviating from the meaning of this invention.

It is a figure which shows the example of various cross-sectional structures of the conveyance pipe | tube of the liquid fuel of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the energy supply system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the energy supply system of other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the energy supply system of further another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the business model in the energy supply system shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

11 Liquefied fuel transport pipes 13, 16, 18 Channel 14 Thermal insulation materials 15, 17 Pipe lines 19, 20 Superconducting signal line 31 Power station 32 Liquefied fuel production / supply facility 33 Entrance station 34 Exit station 35 Relay station 36 Branch station 37 Energy Station 41 Substation equipment 42 Vaporizer 43 High-pressure compressor 44 Hydrogen gas reformer 45 Water electrolyzer 46 Hydrogen gas station 47 Dispenser 50, 60, 61 Power station 51 Line 52 Station 55 Inlet station 56 Outlet station 71 Central processing unit 72 Database 73 Vehicle A equipped with fuel cell A Detection means B Transmission means

Claims (24)

Using the liquefied fuel transfer pipe,
A superconducting cable is laid in the transport pipe, the superconducting cable is cooled with the liquefied fuel, transmission loss is reduced by a superconducting phenomenon, and economical power is supplied to power consumers.
An energy supply system characterized in that the fuel transported by the transport pipe is supplied to a consumer in the form of liquefied fuel or as fuel gas obtained by vaporizing the liquefied fuel.   The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the cold heat generated when the liquefied fuel is gasified is supplied to a cold heat consumer in the form of a refrigerant.   The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein liquefied hydrogen or hydrogen gas is used as the fuel.   The energy supply system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein liquefied natural gas or natural gas is used as the fuel.   The energy supply system according to claim 2, wherein the cold heat is supplied in the form of cold water.   When the transport pipe is laid along a railroad track, and gasification of liquefied fuel or power gas, liquefied fuel, fuel gas obtained by vaporizing liquefied fuel to consumers in the railway business or customers in the vicinity of the railway 6. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the generated cold energy is supplied.   4. The energy supply system according to claim 3, wherein hydrogen gas obtained by gasifying the liquefied hydrogen is pressurized and supplied as fuel for a fuel cell power generation device.   2. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the liquefied fuel or fuel gas conveyed by the conveyance pipe is reformed into hydrogen gas and supplied to a consumer as fuel gas of the fuel cell.   When superconducting power is transmitted using the superconducting cable in the transport pipe, the superconducting phenomenon due to liquefied fuel cooling is used for the generator, transformer, and its power supply cable connected to the cable in order to further reduce power loss. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the electric wire path is used.   2. The energy according to claim 1, wherein the liquefied fuel transported by the transport pipe is supplied by liquefying fuel gas from another fuel gas pipeline or directly from another liquefied fuel pipeline. Supply system.   2. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the transfer pipe is divided into two chambers by a partition wall, and two types of fuel, natural gas and hydrogen gas, are transferred.   The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein liquefied natural gas accompanied by hydrogen gas is transported as the liquefied fuel. Uses a transport pipe to transport fuel gas at a low temperature sufficient to cause superconductivity,
A superconducting cable is laid in the transport pipe, the superconducting cable is cooled with the fuel gas, power transmission loss is reduced by a superconducting phenomenon, and economical power is supplied to power consumers,
An energy supply system characterized in that the fuel transported by the transport pipe is supplied to consumers in the form of liquefied fuel or as fuel gas.   14. The energy supply system according to claim 13, wherein the inside of the transfer pipe is divided into two or more chambers by a partition wall, and a plurality of types of low temperature gases are transferred.   14. A signal line made of a superconducting material is laid in the transport pipe, and further includes an information line that is a superconducting signal line by liquefied fuel or fuel gas transported by the transport pipe. The energy supply system described.   The transport pipe is made of a superconducting material, or the inner wall in contact with the liquefied fuel or fuel gas transported by the transport pipe is made of a superconducting material, and the superconducting material is a superconducting signal line. The energy supply system according to claim 15.   2. The energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are produced by water electrolysis using electric power transmitted by the superconducting cable in the transport pipe as a power source.   18. The energy supply system according to claim 17, wherein the hydrogen gas is pressure-regulated, merged with liquefied hydrogen or hydrogen gas conveyed by the conveyance pipe, and supplied to a consumer as fuel for a fuel cell.   The energy supply system according to claim 17, wherein the oxygen gas is supplied to a consumer of oxygen gas with pressure adjustment. In a system for transporting liquefied fuel and electric power using a liquefied fuel transport pipe and a superconducting cable laid in the transport pipe,
Means for detecting the supply amount of these liquefied fuel or electric power, or energy formed therefrom, to a consumer, and means for transmitting the detected supply amount of energy to the central processing unit; An energy supply system characterized by comprising.   21. The energy supply system according to claim 20, further comprising means for detecting a consumption amount of hydrogen gas, which is fuel of a fuel cell vehicle, and means for transmitting the consumption amount to the central processing unit.   A hydrogen gas station that supplies hydrogen gas as fuel to a fuel cell vehicle is provided with means for detecting the supply amount of hydrogen gas and means for transmitting the detected supply amount of hydrogen gas to the central processing unit. 21. The energy supply system according to claim 20, wherein:   The business operator supplying the liquefied fuel or electric power or the energy formed thereof to the customer places an order with the business operator supplying the upstream energy based on the database of the central processing unit. The energy supply system according to claim 20.   24. The energy supply system according to claim 23, wherein the business operator supplying the upstream energy sets an energy supply amount in response to the ordering.

Images