JP2005095743A - Solid-liquid separation device and solid-liquid separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solid-liquid separation apparatus and a solid-liquid separation method capable of processing a stock solution efficiently and at low cost while preventing clogging in a filter medium.
A solid-liquid separator 1 of the present invention includes a solid content separation chamber 3 provided with a stock solution inlet 2 through which a stock solution to be solid-liquid separated flows, and separates the stock solution into a solid content and a separated liquid. And a separation liquid discharge chamber 4 provided with a separation liquid discharge port 5 for discharging the separation liquid. The solid content separation chamber 3 and the separation liquid discharge chamber 4 are divided by the filter medium 6, and the solid content separation chamber 3 is arranged on the lower surface side of the filter medium 6.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating solid liquid from raw liquids such as sludge water such as lakes, rivers and seawater, industrial sludge water such as plating water and metal processing wastewater, and food sludge water.

  Conventionally, to separate raw sludge water such as lakes, rivers, and seawater, industrial sludge water such as plating water and metal processing wastewater, and food sludge water into a solid liquid, a basket made of wire mesh or filter cloth is used. The method used is often used. For example, a conventional solid-liquid separation device that separates a stock solution into a solid and a liquid includes a solid-liquid separation chamber 50 and a basket 51 provided in the solid-liquid separation chamber 50 as shown in FIG. When the stock solution is introduced into the solid-liquid separation chamber 50, solids called sludge are accumulated in the basket 51, while water from which the sludge has been separated (that is, filtered) is discharged. However, since the sludge causes clogging in the basket 51, there is a problem in that it is necessary to regularly perform operations such as cleaning and replacement, and solid-liquid separation cannot be performed efficiently.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a device that separates a solid and a liquid by rotating a filter cloth as a filter body that is installed at an incline. In this apparatus, the residue from the stock solution is separated on the filter cloth by suction at the lower part of the inclined filter cloth, and the residue (solid content) on the filter cloth is pressurized by the upper part of the inclined filter cloth. ) Is blown away.
JP-A-3-106410 (Publication date: May 7, 1991) JP-A-8-89716 (Publication date: April 9, 1996) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-213941 (Publication date: August 15, 1995)

  However, in the above conventional configuration, it is necessary to provide a negative pressure device, a pressurizing device, a rotating device, etc. in order to process the stock solution, and there is a problem in that the size and cost of the device are increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid separation apparatus and a solid-liquid separation method capable of processing a stock solution efficiently and at low cost while preventing clogging. Is to provide.

  A solid-liquid separation apparatus according to the present invention includes a solid content separation chamber provided with a stock solution inlet through which a stock solution to be solid-liquid separated flows, a filter medium for separating the stock solution into a solid content and a separated solution, and the separation In a solid-liquid separation device including a separation liquid discharge chamber provided with a separation liquid discharge port for discharging a liquid, the solid content separation chamber and the separation liquid discharge chamber are divided by the filter medium, and the solid content The separation chamber is arranged on the lower surface side of the filter medium.

  In the solid-liquid separation device, it is preferable that a depositing portion on which the solid content separated by the filter medium is deposited is provided vertically below the filter medium.

  Moreover, in the said solid-liquid separation apparatus, it is preferable that the filter medium is provided on the extension line | wire of the inflow direction of the said undiluted | stock solution.

  In the solid-liquid separation method according to the present invention, a stock solution to be solid-liquid separated is introduced from a stock solution inlet of a solid content separation chamber and separated into a solid content and a separated solution by a filter medium, and then the separated solution is separated into a separated solution discharge chamber. In the solid-liquid separation method of discharging from the separation liquid discharge port, the stock solution is passed from the lower surface side of the filter medium.

  In the solid-liquid separation method, it is preferable to install a filter medium on an extension line in the inflow direction of the stock solution.

  In the solid-liquid separation device according to the present invention, the solid content separation chamber and the separation liquid discharge chamber are divided by the filter medium, and the solid content separation chamber is arranged on the lower surface side of the filter medium, so that it is separated by the filter medium. The solid content easily falls (detaches) vertically downward. Therefore, in the said filter medium, adhesion of solid content is suppressed, clogging can be prevented and a solid-liquid can be isolate | separated efficiently. Moreover, since the direction of the surface of a filter medium is only prescribed | regulated, it does not cost substantially.

  As described above, the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention is further provided with a depositing portion in which the solid content separated by the filtering material is deposited on the vertical lower side of the filtering material. It is possible to prevent the solid content from adhering to the filter medium again. Therefore, clogging in the filter medium can be further prevented.

  In the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, as described above, since the filter medium is further provided on the extension line in the inflow direction of the stock solution, the stock solution flowing into the solid content separation chamber flows along the filter medium. . For this reason, the force of the flow of the stock solution acts in the direction of dropping (peeling) the solid content adhering to the filter medium. Accordingly, the solid content is peeled off from the filter medium, that is, the filter medium is automatically washed, and the filter medium can be further prevented from being clogged.

  In the solid-liquid separation method according to the present invention, since the stock solution is passed from the lower surface side of the filter medium, the solid content separated by the filter medium is likely to fall (desorb) vertically downward. Therefore, in the said filter medium, adhesion of solid content is suppressed and clogging is prevented and a solid-liquid can be isolate | separated efficiently.

  In the solid-liquid separation method, as described above, the filter medium is further provided on the extension line in the inflow direction of the stock solution. Therefore, the stock solution flowing into the solid content separation chamber flows along the filter medium. For this reason, the force of the flow of the stock solution acts in the direction of dropping (peeling) the solid content adhering to the filter medium. Therefore, the solid content can be peeled off from the filter medium, that is, the filter medium can be automatically washed, and clogging of the filter medium can be further prevented.

[Embodiment 1]
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the solid-liquid separation device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a raw solution inlet 2, a solid content separation chamber 3, a separation liquid discharge chamber 4, and a separation liquid discharge port 5. The solid content separation chamber 3 and the separation liquid discharge chamber 4 are divided by the filter medium 6 so that the separation liquid is conducted. The solid content separation chamber 3 is provided with a stock solution inlet 2. The separation liquid discharge chamber 4 is provided with a separation liquid discharge port 5. Further, the solid content separation chamber 3 has a depositing portion 7 on which the solid content separated by the filter medium 6 is deposited.

  What should be noted in the solid-liquid separation device 1 according to the present embodiment is that the solid content separation chamber 3 is arranged on the lower surface side of the filter medium 6. In addition, the said lower surface side is set as the concept also including the case where the angle which the normal line direction of a surface and the perpendicular | vertical downward direction make is 90 degrees. In other words, as shown in FIG. 1, the angle α formed by the normal direction and the vertical downward direction of the surface of the filter medium 6 in contact with the undiluted solution (surface on the solid content separation chamber 3 side) is 0 ° to 90 °. It is an angle. A deposition unit 7 is provided vertically below the filter medium 6.

  In this solid-liquid separation device 1, the stock solution flows into the solid content separation chamber 3 from the stock solution inlet 2, and is separated into a solid content and a liquid (separation liquid) in the solid content separation chamber 3, and this liquid is discharged as a separation liquid. The liquid is discharged from the separation liquid discharge port 5 through the chamber 4.

  More specifically, in the solid-liquid separation device 1, the stock solution flows from the stock solution inlet 2 into the solid content separation chamber 3. This stock solution is separated into solid and liquid by a filter medium 6 that divides the solid content separation chamber 3 and the separation liquid discharge chamber 4. At this time, the solid content separated by the filter medium 6 is easily detached because the solid content separation chamber 3 is disposed on the lower surface side of the filter medium 6. Further, the detached solid content is precipitated vertically downward. Therefore, in the filter medium 6, it is prevented that solid content remains and clogging is prevented. Further, the solid content separated by the filter medium is deposited on the deposition unit 7. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the solid content accumulated in the accumulation part 7 from adhering to the filter medium 6 again. The angle α is preferably an angle that directs the flow of the stock solution flowing into the solid content separation chamber 3 vertically downward, preferably an angle of 30 ° to 60 °, and an angle of 40 ° to 50 °. Especially preferred. Thereby, the ability to drop (peel) the solid content adhering to the filter medium 6 by the force of the flow of the stock solution is further improved.

  Moreover, in the said solid-liquid separator 1, it is preferable that the undiluted | stock solution inlet 2 and the filter medium 6 are facing. In other words, the filter medium 6 is preferably provided on the extended line in the direction in which the stock solution flows in the solid content separation chamber 3. With the above-described configuration, the stock solution introduced from the stock solution inlet 2 collides with the filter medium 6. Since the undiluted solution colliding with the filter medium 6 flows along the filter medium 6, the flow force of the undiluted solution acts in the direction of dropping (peeling) the solid content adhering to the filter medium 6. Therefore, the solid content is peeled off from the filter medium 6, that is, the filter medium 6 is automatically washed, and the filter medium 6 can be further prevented from being clogged.

  For example, even if clogging occurs in the filter medium 6, the solid content adhered to the filter medium 6 can be dropped by flowing washing water from the surface of the filter medium 6 on the side of the separation liquid discharge chamber 4, and this is removed. The solid content can be collected in the depositing section 7.

  Moreover, what is necessary is just to inspect regularly and take out the solid content stored in the deposition part 7, for example. As a method for taking out the solid content, for example, i) a method in which an outlet is provided in advance at the bottom of the depositing section 7 (the bottom of the solid content separation chamber 3), and the outlet is discharged from the outlet, ii) In addition to providing the basket, the upper part of the solid-liquid separator 1 (the upper part of the separation liquid discharge chamber 4) and the filter medium 6 can be opened, and the upper part of the solid-liquid separator 1 and the filter medium 6 are opened to solidify the entire basket. Examples include a method of taking out the component, a method of opening the filter medium 6 and the upper part of the solid-liquid separation device 1 and the filter medium 6 in the same manner as in iii) ii), and sucking out the solid component with a decompression line or the like.

  Examples of the filter medium 6 include a filter medium having a perforated bottom covered with a filter cloth, a wire mesh, a punching metal, and a wire type screen. Among them, a wire mesh or a wire type screen is preferable because of its simple structure and excellent strength, and it is particularly preferable that a wire constituting the wire mesh or the wire type screen is a wedge wire. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the wedge wire has a triangular cross section, and one side of the triangle in the cross section of the wire is on the solid content separation chamber 3 side, and vertices other than the vertices at both ends of the one side are separated. If it is installed on the liquid discharge port 4 side, clogging is unlikely to occur and cleaning can be easily performed. The material of the screen is a material that does not corrode into the stock solution, and usually includes stainless steel, titanium, nickel alloy, porcelain, steel coated with glass or resin, and the like. Of these, stainless steel is preferable because it is lightweight and has excellent strength.

  Moreover, although the opening of the said filter medium 6 changes also with the kind of undiluted | stock solution and the clarity of a separated liquid, for example, when a undiluted | stock solution is activated sludge water, it is about 30 micrometers-5 mm, Preferably it is about 300 micrometers-1 mm (50 mesh). ~ About 16 mesh).

  In addition, the flow rate of the stock solution into the solid content separation chamber 3 is usually about 0.002 m / sec to 0.2 m / sec. In particular, it is preferable to allow the stock solution to flow at 0.002 m / second or more because the automatic cleaning property of the material 6 tends to be improved.

  In addition, when the screen is clogged, the clogged solid content may be discharged into the solid content storage tank by flowing wash water from the clarified water discharge side.

[Example 1]
In the solid-liquid separator 1 in the first embodiment, a stainless steel wedge wire screen (manufactured by Toyo Screen Industry Co., Ltd., opening 40 mesh, surface area 0.1 m ² ) is used as the filter medium 6, and the solid content is the stock solution. About 50 to 5000 ppm of factory waste liquid was passed at a rate of 1.5 m ³ / day.

  The solid content deposited on the deposition unit 7 was appropriately removed, but the filter medium 6 (screen) was not washed. Even after two months, the filter medium 7 was not clogged and the clear water (separated liquid) was not discharged.

[Comparative Example 1]
In a solid-liquid separator of the prior art, a stainless steel basket (mesh 40 mesh, surface area 0.2 m ² ) is used as the basket 51, and a factory waste liquid having a solid content of about 50 to 5000 ppm as in Example 1 is used as a stock solution. The liquid was passed at a rate of 5 m ³ / day.

  In this comparative example, the solid content was deposited in the basket 51 and clogged, and the liquid flow rate in the solid-liquid separator decreased in about one month.

As described above, in Example 1, clogging does not occur even when the surface area of the screen that is the filter medium 6 is 0.1 m ² , but in Comparative Example 1, the surface area of the basket 51 that is the filter medium is the same as that of Example 1. Although it is 0.2 m ² which is twice, clogging occurs. Therefore, it is clear that clogging is unlikely to occur in the solid-liquid separator 1 according to the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently separate a stock solution containing a precipitating solid such as sludge into a solid / liquid efficiently. The present invention is particularly applicable to solid-liquid separation in sludge water such as lakes, rivers, and seawater, factory sludge water such as plating water and metal processing wastewater, and food sludge water.

It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the solid-liquid separation apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the solid-liquid separator of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solid-liquid separator 2 Stock solution inlet 3 Solid content separation chamber 4 Separation liquid discharge chamber 5 Separation liquid discharge port 6 Filter medium 7 Accumulation part

Claims (5)

A solid content separation chamber provided with a stock solution inlet for supplying a stock solution to be separated into solid and liquid, a filter medium for separating the stock solution into a solid content and a separation solution, and a separation solution discharge port for discharging the separation solution are provided. In the solid-liquid separation device provided with a separated liquid discharge chamber,
The solid content separation chamber and the separation liquid discharge chamber are divided by the filter medium,
The solid-liquid separation device is characterized in that the solid content separation chamber is disposed on the lower surface side of the filter medium.   A solid-liquid separation device, characterized in that a depositing portion on which the solid content separated by the filter medium is deposited is provided vertically below the filter medium.   The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter medium is provided on an extension line in the inflow direction of the stock solution. The solid liquid to be separated into the solid content and the separation liquid by the filter medium after the raw liquid to be solid-liquid separated flows from the raw liquid inlet of the solid content separation chamber and then discharged from the separation liquid discharge port of the separation liquid discharge chamber In the separation method,
A solid-liquid separation method, wherein the stock solution is passed from the lower surface side of the filter medium.   The solid-liquid separation method according to claim 4, wherein a filter medium is provided on an extension line in the inflow direction of the stock solution.

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