JP2005086847A - High speed transfer device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress occurrence of problems such as vibration, noise, contact resistance, etc. in a transfer device used for a performance evaluation device for a high-speed flying object.
SOLUTION: A moving body 2 is levitated from a support body by a magnetic repulsive force by an AC electromagnet 11 in a low speed region and by a magnetic repulsive force by a DC electromagnet 13 in a region traveling at a higher speed. In a non-contact state with the support, the moving body is held in the air by an aerodynamic force at a higher speed to avoid problems such as vibration.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-speed transfer device used for a test evaluation device for a flying object such as a thread test device and its components.

The high-speed performance of high-speed flying objects such as rockets and airplanes, and the performance during high-speed flight of parts and members used for these flying objects need to be evaluated by actually carrying them at high speed.
Conventionally, a sled test device that uses a rocket motor for the propulsion device and guides and inspects the moving body with a guide rail is often used. However, in the sled test device, the moving body comes into contact with the guide rail. There are problems such as noise, and the speed of the moving body decreases due to frictional resistance with the guide rail.
Furthermore, since the guide rail and the moving body come into contact with each other at a high speed, the maintenance of the guide rail requires a lot of cost and labor.

In order to remove these disadvantages associated with contact, the moving body may be lifted from the support and transported in a non-contact state.
Patent Document 1 discloses a transport device using magnetic levitation. This document describes that a levitating support can be stably supported by an induction repulsive magnetic levitation mechanism using an AC electromagnet by devising the shape of a levitated body made of a conductive material.
The invention disclosed in this document uses a two-winding electromagnet in which a coil is wound around a common iron core, and each winding uses a single magnetic magnet for both a magnetic levitation mechanism and a levitation body propulsion mechanism. AC magnetic levitation transport device. In the disclosed magnetic levitation transport apparatus, the single-phase AC for levitation and the three-phase AC current for traveling do not interfere with each other even though the single electromagnet is also used.
However, since the moving method of this apparatus is AC driving, it is difficult to transport the moving body at a high speed such as 1 Mach.
JP-A-5-176416

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve problems such as vibration, noise, contact resistance, etc. in a transfer device used for a performance evaluation device of a high-speed flying object so that the moving object is transferred to the support structure in a non-contact manner. Is to suppress the occurrence of.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the high-speed transfer device of the present invention is characterized in that the moving body is levitated from the support body by a magnetic repulsive force in a low-speed region. Until the speed of the moving body increases to a certain speed or more, the moving body maintains a non-contact state with the support body by the action of the magnetic repulsive force.
If the speed becomes higher than that, the moving body can be held in the air by an aerodynamic method. The moving body may be one that carries a test object and is propelled by a rocket motor. The moving body including the DUT can be formed into a cylindrical body as a whole. Moreover, it is good also as what mounts a rocket motor and a to-be-tested object on the plate-shaped floating member.

  Among the regions where the moving body is kept in non-contact with the support by the magnetic repulsive force, in the low speed region where the moving speed of the moving body is slow, the alternating current magnets are arranged along the moving locus to drive the moving body. May be maintained in the air, and in a high-speed region where the moving speed of the moving body is high, a DC electromagnet or a permanent magnet may be arranged along the orbit to maintain the moving body in the air.

If the casing of the moving body is made of a non-magnetic conductor such as aluminum, duralumin, or copper, and opposed to a large number of AC electromagnets arranged in the direction of movement, an induced current is generated in the casing in proportion to the change in magnetic flux generated by the AC electromagnet. Will occur. Then, a repulsive force is generated by the interaction between the induced current and the magnetic field of the electromagnet, and the moving body tends to move away from the electromagnet.
When the moving body moves away from the supporting electromagnet, the frictional resistance becomes extremely small and the propulsive force of the rocket motor works effectively. The moving body starts to move in a predetermined direction, and the final speed of the moving body is about 1 Mach. Or even more.

  Since the repulsive force generated between the moving body and the support is proportional to the product of the induced current and the magnetic field, a strong repulsive force is generated if the change of the magnetic flux passing through the housing is severe. When the moving body is stationary, there is a repulsive force corresponding to the frequency of the current that excites the electromagnet, but when the moving body starts to move, the frequency of the alternating magnetic field that crosses the housing part increases due to the movement. As a result, the number of magnetic fluxes passing through the housing portion increases, and the repulsive force increases.

An AC electromagnet must be used to levitate before the stationary moving body starts, but when the moving body is moving at a certain high speed, it can move even if the magnetic field does not change over time. An induced current is also generated in the housing due to a change in magnetic flux density experienced while the body moves spatially, resulting in a repulsive force.
Since the change of the magnetic flux across a certain part corresponds to the repulsive force, the repulsive force changes depending on the speed of the moving body and the frequency of the electromagnet excitation current. Thus, the repulsive force can be controlled by calculating or measuring the speed of the moving body and adjusting the frequency of the excitation current of the AC electromagnet based on this.

Further, since the repulsive force is generated only in the place where the moving body exists, it is sufficient to excite the electromagnet in the place where the moving body exists. Therefore, the moving body may be detected by a detector, and only the electromagnet in the place where the moving body is present may be excited. By using such a switching mechanism, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed. It is preferable that the detector does not hinder the movement of the flying object, and various non-contact position sensors can be used.
Even in the case of a DC electromagnet, the electromagnets are divided into adjacent groups, and the electromagnets in the group are electrically connected in series so that the excitation current is supplied in series, so that the electromagnets in the vicinity of the position where the moving body is present. By supplying current to the set, waste of power can be prevented.

Further, in the present invention, in a region exceeding a predetermined speed, DC electromagnets are arranged in the traveling direction of the moving body so that the magnetic poles are alternated by adjacent magnets to form a stationary magnetic field distribution, and the moving body that passes therethrough Is preferably configured to generate a repulsive force so as to experience a change in magnetic flux density.
For a moving body that moves at high speed, a simpler static configuration can be used to apply a repulsive force against the support to the flying moving body so as to continue the movement while maintaining a non-contact state. .

In the moving body transporting apparatus of the present invention, since the frictional force applied to the moving body is extremely small, the speed of the moving body at a certain position on the transporting apparatus can be calculated fairly accurately if the conditions are determined, and therefore corresponds to the necessary repulsive force. The magnetic field strength can be determined in advance.
When a DC electromagnet is used, the magnetic field strength can be adjusted by changing the excitation current, and the repulsive force generated at each position on the transport device can be controlled.
Needless to say, a permanent magnet may be used in place of the DC electromagnet if the relationship between the position and the required magnetic field strength is accurately grasped.

In the moving body transport device of the present invention, a support body row of electromagnets or permanent magnets can be provided around the moving body track. By installing a plurality of support bodies around the mobile body, the mobile body repels from each support body, and the mobile body is moved in a state of being constrained at a certain cross-sectional position.
When the support is installed only on the lower side, the moving body easily deviates from side to side and easily comes off from the support, and it is easy to fall into a situation where it cannot be tested due to contact with something that prevents movement. In the moving body transport device of this aspect, the movement provided off the track can be prevented by the support provided around the moving body, and the moving body can be accurately transported to the end position.

  For example, in the case of a cylindrical moving body, it moves in a state of being restrained in a non-contact manner inside a cylindrical space formed by the support. In addition, in a moving body in which a rocket motor and a DUT are mounted on a plate-like levitation member, the levitation member is restrained in a non-contact state at a certain position by arranging a magnet array around the levitation member. Can travel without contact while maintaining a stable posture.

Further, in an apparatus that excites an alternating current electromagnet with a three-phase alternating current, it is preferable to distribute the phases of the exciting current of the electromagnet so as to be symmetrical. In such a structure, since the repulsive forces from the left and right are symmetrical, the force for rotating the moving body does not work, and the moving body is transported to the end position without changing the posture.
It is to be noted that the moving body can be positively rotated so that a rotating magnetic field is generated by performing connection so as to sequentially supply a three-phase alternating current to the electromagnet array surrounding the moving body. The flight trajectory can be stabilized by rotating the moving body at a high speed.

  According to the high-speed transport device of the present invention, since the moving body does not contact the support while moving, there are problems such as a decrease in life due to vibration, noise, and friction which have been a problem in a guide rail contact type thread testing device. Absent. In addition, since there is no speed reduction due to friction, acceleration of the moving body is facilitated, the final arrival speed is significantly increased, and the testable range is expanded.

Hereinafter, the high-speed conveyance device of the present invention will be described in detail using examples.
1 is a conceptual diagram of a high-speed transport device according to the present invention incorporated in a sled testing device, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a support used in the high-speed transport device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the support in FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of an electromagnet power supply circuit, FIG. 5 is an electromagnet switching control circuit diagram, FIG. 6 is a connection diagram showing an example of connection between an electromagnet and a power supply, and FIG. 7 is a high-speed transfer according to the present invention. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a second support used in the apparatus, FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing one embodiment of the second support, and FIG. 9 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of an electromagnet drive circuit of the second support. FIG. 10 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing a high-speed transfer device of the present invention corresponding to a modified example of the moving body.

As shown in FIG. 1, the high-speed transport device 1 of the present embodiment has a large number of AC electromagnets 11 arranged along the moving path in a region where the moving body 2 flies at a relatively low speed from the start of the moving body 2. A large number of direct current electromagnets 13 are arranged in a region flying at high speed to form a support.
The support shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is used from the start of the moving body 2 to the region where it flies at a relatively low speed, so that the AC electromagnet array arranged along the trajectory of the moving body surrounds the moving body trajectory. Configured.

As shown in FIG. 2, the moving body 2 used in the present embodiment has a cylindrical rocket shape, and has a cylindrical floating member 21 made of a nonmagnetic metal such as aluminum, duralumin, or copper. The rocket motor 22 is incorporated into the front end, and a specimen 23 such as a warhead or rocket parts to be inspected is mounted at the front end, and a nose 24 is attached to the front end to reduce the air resistance and secure a stable flight trajectory. is there.
The moving body 2 flies at high speed on the high-speed conveyance device by the rocket motor 22 to inspect the function and state of the specimen 23 in a high-speed environment, or, for example, collides with a target 1.5 km away at high speed. It is used for inspecting the specimen 23 for damage and functional damage.

The high-speed conveyance device 1 of this embodiment uses the electromagnet 11 as a support on which the moving body 2 travels, and magnetically levitates by the action of an induced current generated in the nonmagnetic metal of the levitation member 21 to support the moving body 2. It is designed to run without touching the body.
A large number of electromagnets 11 are arranged along the flight path of the moving body 2 and are driven by an AC power source. Since the magnetic flux generated by the electromagnet 11 changes due to the alternating current, an eddy current accompanying the magnetic flux change is generated in the levitation member 21 and acts on the magnetic field to generate a repulsive force that tends to leave the support.
Since an AC power supply is used, a repulsive force is generated even when the moving body 2 is stopped, and the moving body 2 floats in the air. Therefore, when the rocket motor 22 is ignited, the moving body 2 starts up and flies while accelerating with almost no frictional resistance.

As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of electromagnet arrays are installed so as to surround the trajectory of the moving body 2, the moving body 2 is surrounded by the electromagnet 11 from the circumferential direction, and a restoring force is applied electromagnetically from the surroundings. 2 is prevented from deviating from the traveling direction.
The electromagnet arrays may be arranged at equal intervals around the moving body track, but in consideration of the weight of the moving body, it is preferable to arrange the electromagnet arrays so as to be dense below.

In addition, since the electromagnet 11 acting to levitate the moving body 2 is only the one at the position where the moving body 2 exists, instead of exciting the electromagnet 11 over the entire length of the device 1 over several hundred meters, a necessary part If the power is supplied with a focus on the power consumption, the power consumption can be suppressed.
Therefore, a non-contact type object sensor 12 such as a proximity switch or an infrared sensor is installed on the trajectory of the moving body 2 at an appropriate interval, and when the sensor 12 detects the moving body 2, only the electromagnet 11 in a range corresponding to the position is provided. Excitation is used to prevent waste of electric power and to reduce the size of the power supply equipment.

The electromagnet 11 to be excited is designated by switching one existing in an appropriate range preceding the detection position in consideration of the flight speed of the moving body 2.
In addition, since the flight speed of the mobile body 2 corresponding to the position on the support body 1 is almost determined by the performance of the mobile body 2, the relationship between the position of the sensor 12 and the electromagnet 11 to be driven can be grasped in advance and wired. .

FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing a drive circuit for the AC electromagnet.
Each of the electromagnet drive coils 31 is connected in parallel to the power supply device 33 via a high-speed semiconductor changeover switch 32. When the object sensor 12 detects the position of the moving body 2, the electromagnet that should act on the moving body 2 is selected and the change-over switch 32 is driven to float as the moving body 2 progresses. In the figure, the black diodes indicate that they are energized.

In addition, since the repulsive force between the electromagnet 11 and the moving body 2 is proportional to the change of the magnetic flux which the levitation member 21 crosses, it is proportional to the frequency of an alternating current. Since the moving body 2 moves, the substantial frequency experienced by the moving body 2 increases as the speed of the moving body 2 increases, and the repulsive force increases.
In order to keep the repulsive force at an appropriate value, the frequency of the drive current may be reduced according to the acceleration of the moving body 2. Since the speed of the moving body 2 is determined in accordance with the position of the support according to the performance of the moving body 2, the excitation frequency may be adjusted according to the position of the object sensor 12 that has detected the moving body 2.
Further, the AC power supply 33 may be provided with a capacitor 34 in parallel with the AC electromagnet 11 to reduce the reactive current, thereby suppressing the power loss and reducing the size of the power supply device.

When the AC electromagnet 11 is excited by a multiphase AC power source, a number of continuous electromagnets obtained by dividing the number of electromagnets in the group by the number of phases of the power source by taking electromagnets of integer multiples of the number of phases of the power source as a group. When excited in the same phase, the influence of the moving magnetic field can be suppressed. This electromagnet group is also a range of electromagnets that are excited together according to the detection of the moving body 2.
FIG. 2 shows an example of connection between a power source and an electromagnet when a three-phase AC power source is used. Nine electromagnets are switched together in the traveling direction of the moving body 2, and the electromagnets arranged in the circumferential direction are in the same phase, and the U-V, V-W, and W-U connections are made every three electromagnets. Has been.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an electromagnet switching circuit when a three-phase power source is used.
The output of the object sensor 12 that detects the position of the moving body 2 is supplied to a signal shaper 36 using a flip-flop or the like. The output of the signal shaper 36 is turned on when the moving body 2 enters the area where the electromagnet is to be excited in the circuit, and the output is turned off when the moving body 2 leaves the area. When the output of the signal shaper 36 is turned on, the oscillation circuit 37 is activated to excite the electromagnetic coil 38 to generate trigger signals A1-A3, B1-B3, C1-C3, D1-D3, and the trigger signal is a thyristor. By energizing the changeover switch 32 for each phase configured as described above, the current of each phase of the AC power supply 35 is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 31.

FIG. 6 is a connection diagram illustrating a method of suppressing the rotational motion of the moving body using a three-phase AC power source.
By arranging electromagnet arrays surrounding the trajectory of the moving body 2 symmetrically across the trajectory, the phases UV, VW, WU of the AC power supply 35 supplied to the respective electromagnet coils are bilaterally symmetrical. The electromagnetic force in the rotational direction acting on the levitation member 21 can be canceled to prevent the moving body 2 from rotating.
If the AC power supply 35 is connected so that the exciting current of the electromagnet coil advances in the circumferential direction, a rotating magnetic field is generated, and the moving body 2 can be rotated. As the moving body 2 flies while rotating, there is an effect that the traveling direction is stabilized. In addition, if it can be rotated at high speed, the performance of the specimen 23 in flight in the centrifugal direction can be tested.

  The support shown in FIG. 7 is used in a region where the speed of the moving body 2 is increased to some extent, and is configured such that a DC electromagnet array arranged along the orbit of the moving body surrounds the moving body orbit. The DC electromagnet 13 is arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately reversed in the traveling direction of the moving body 2. The spatial magnetic flux density distribution created by the electromagnet 13 is the same as that when an alternating magnetic field is generated when viewed from the moving body 2, and an induced repulsive force is generated in the floating member 21 of the moving body 2 as in the case of the AC electromagnet 11. .

FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram showing a drive circuit for the DC electromagnet 13.
A plurality of DC electromagnet drive coils 41 are connected in series to a DC power supply device 43 via a high-speed semiconductor changeover switch 42 in a group of several connected in series. The drive coils 41 of the electromagnets are adjacent to each other so that the winding direction is reversed or the connection terminals are reversed so that the magnetic pole SN is reversed.
When the object sensor 12 detects the entry of the moving body 2, the changeover switch 42 of the electromagnet 13 that acts on the moving body 2 is turned on to float the moving body 2. When the moving body 2 passes through the electromagnet group, the object sensor 12 installed at that position detects it and turns off the changeover switch 42.
In this manner, the power source device can be miniaturized and power consumption can be saved by levitation with the progress of the mobile body 2 and not consuming unnecessary power.

In addition, since the repulsive force between the DC electromagnet 13 and the moving body 2 is proportional to the change of the magnetic flux traversed by the levitation member 21, it is proportional to the speed of the moving body 2 unless the pitch of the DC electromagnet 13 is changed. Since the speed of the moving body 2 increases as it advances, the repulsive force increases as it approaches the end of the device 1.
Therefore, in the region where the moving body 2 passes at high speed, it is preferable to adjust the repulsive force by lengthening the electromagnets in the traveling direction or increasing the pitch between the electromagnets.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing a part of a support using a DC electromagnet 14 that is long in the traveling direction. The long electromagnet 14 is obtained by increasing the steel sheet thickness of the iron core and winding an electromagnetic coil around it, and is long in the traveling direction. The adjacent magnetic poles on the side facing the moving body 2 are opposite to each other. The change in magnetic flux density experienced when the moving body 2 passes through the upper surface of the electromagnet array at a high speed is smaller than that received by the portions of the electromagnets arranged at a short pitch, so the repulsive force does not become excessive. Since the speed of the moving body 2 that passes through varies depending on the position where the electromagnet 14 is disposed, an appropriate electromagnet length varies depending on the position.
Instead of the DC electromagnets 13 and 14 shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, permanent magnets can be used.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a high-speed transfer device of the present invention formed corresponding to a moving body of another form.
The high-speed conveyance device shown in the figure is one in which the high-speed conveyance device of the present invention is applied to a moving body 5 formed by mounting a rocket motor 52 and a specimen 53 on a U-shaped floating member 51. The electromagnet array 54 is installed so as to surround the levitation member 51 from the top, bottom, left, and right directions so that the trajectory of the moving body 5 is surely kept within a predetermined range. Many electromagnet arrays 54 are arranged under the levitation member 51 to effectively support the load of the moving body 5. Moreover, since the electromagnet is arrange | positioned at the right and left of the floating member 51, the motion of the roll of a test body and a rocket motor can also be restrict | limited.
The levitation member 51 is used as a wing, and when the speed of the moving body 5 increases, a levitation force is generated due to the ground effect.

Since the high-speed conveyance device of the present invention has almost no friction with the moving body, the problem of vibration and noise caused by friction, which is a problem in the conventional guide rail type thread test device, is greatly reduced. Moreover, since it is non-contact, the cost and labor required for the maintenance of the guide rail can be reduced.
It should be noted that if a part of the high-speed transfer device is a DC electromagnet or a permanent magnet instead of using an AC electromagnet, the power consumption can be saved.
In addition, if only the electromagnet in the portion through which the moving body passes is excited, power can be saved. When a capacitor is inserted in parallel with the electromagnet coil, the reactive power can be reduced, power loss can be suppressed, and the power supply device can be downsized.

  The high-speed transport device of the present invention is used by incorporating it into a sled test device, allowing the product under test to be mounted on a moving object and flying at high speed, performing performance inspections at high speeds and observing the situation when colliding at high speeds. can do.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the state which incorporated the high-speed conveyance apparatus which concerns on one Example of this invention in the thread | sled test apparatus. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the support body used for the high-speed conveyance apparatus which concerns on a present Example. It is a cross-sectional conceptual diagram which shows the support body of FIG. It is an electric circuit diagram which shows one example of the electromagnet power supply circuit which concerns on a present Example. It is a magnet switching control circuit diagram according to the present embodiment. It is a connection diagram which shows the example of a connection of the electromagnet and power supply in a present Example. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the 2nd support body used for the high-speed conveyance apparatus which concerns on a present Example. It is a conceptual diagram which shows 1 aspect of the 2nd support body which concerns on a present Example. It is an electric circuit diagram which shows one example of the electromagnet drive circuit of the 2nd support body which concerns on a present Example. It is a cross-sectional conceptual diagram which shows the high-speed conveyance apparatus of this invention corresponding to the modification of a moving body.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High-speed conveyance apparatus 2 Moving body 5 Moving body 11 AC electromagnet 12 Object sensor 13 DC electromagnet 14 DC electromagnet
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Floating member 22 Rocket motor 23 Specimen 24 Nose 31 Electromagnet drive coil 32 Changeover switch 33 Power supply 34 Capacitor 35 AC power supply 36 Signal shaper 37 Oscillation circuit 38 Electromagnetic coil 41 DC electromagnet drive coil 42 Changeover switch 43 DC power supply device 51 Levitation Member 52 Rocket motor 53 Specimen

Claims (8)

  A transfer device that supports a moving body mounted with a test object and propelled by a rocket motor along a movement trajectory by a support, and in a low-speed region from the starting position of the moving body to a position that reaches a predetermined speed, magnetic repulsion A high-speed transfer apparatus, wherein the moving body is moved by a force while maintaining a non-contact state with the support.   In the region where the moving body is maintained in non-contact with the support by the magnetic repulsion force, the AC magnet is moved in the low-speed region from the starting position of the moving body to the reaching position when the predetermined speed is reached. The moving body is maintained in the air by being driven along with the AC along the line, and in the high-speed region where the moving speed of the moving body after the arrival position is high, a DC electromagnet or a permanent magnet is arranged along the track. The high-speed transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the high-speed transfer device is maintained in the air.   The high-speed transfer device according to claim 2, wherein a frequency of an alternating current applied to the alternating-current electromagnet is adjusted according to a moving speed of the moving body.   4. The high-speed transfer device according to claim 2, wherein in the drive circuit for driving the AC electromagnet, a reactive power is reduced by installing a capacitor in parallel with the electromagnet. 5.   5. The high-speed transfer device according to claim 2, wherein the DC electromagnet has a shape that is long in a moving direction of the moving body.   The detection unit that detects the position of the moving body in a non-contact manner, and switches an electromagnet to be excited among the AC or DC electromagnets based on the position information of the moving body detected by the detection unit. The high-speed conveyance apparatus in any one.   The AC electromagnet, the DC electromagnet, or the permanent magnet row is added to the lower side of the moving body track, and the same permanent magnet row of the same electromagnet is provided on the upper left and right sides along the moving body track. Item 7. The high-speed transfer device according to any one of Items 2 to 6. 8. The high-speed transfer device according to claim 7, wherein when the AC electromagnet is driven by a three-phase AC current, each phase current is distributed so that the electromagnet connected to each phase power supply is symmetrical in the circumferential direction. .

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