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JP2004351485A - Metal processing methods and processed products - Google Patents

Metal processing methods and processed products Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004351485A
JP2004351485A JP2003153196A JP2003153196A JP2004351485A JP 2004351485 A JP2004351485 A JP 2004351485A JP 2003153196 A JP2003153196 A JP 2003153196A JP 2003153196 A JP2003153196 A JP 2003153196A JP 2004351485 A JP2004351485 A JP 2004351485A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
convex portion
forging
molded product
convex
die
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JP2003153196A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koichi Yamazaki
幸一 山崎
Akira Takara
晃 宝
Yukio Nishikawa
幸男 西川
Kenji Azuma
健司 東
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2003153196A priority Critical patent/JP2004351485A/en
Publication of JP2004351485A publication Critical patent/JP2004351485A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a metal work formed product having projecting part avoided to form shrinkage defect and recessed part on the back side of the projecting part and desirably, with one time of forging process. <P>SOLUTION: This method for working the metal is provided with the forging process for forming a first projecting part by pressing a blank shaping material and simultaneously, forming a second projecting part on the back side of the first projecting part, and a cutting process for removing the second projecting part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、金属の加工法および金属の加工成形品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、リサイクル処理、環境問題等への対策の一つとして、大量生産される家電製品等の外装部品を、従来の樹脂材料に代わり、金属材料から製造することが検討されている。樹脂のリサイクル率が20%程度であるのに対し、金属材料は90%がリサイクル可能である。
【0003】
金属材料の成形方法は、主として鋳造、粉末焼結、塑性加工(鍛造・絞り)などがあるが、生産台数の多い家電製品筐体などでは、短いタクトで大量生産できる塑性加工が部品単価を低減させる面から優位である。また、塑性加工では、素形材の加工硬化の影響により、高強度な成形品を得ることができる。
【0004】
しかしながら、塑性加工は、鋳造や粉末焼結に比べ、成形できる形状の自由度が低く、絞り加工では、ボス、リブなどの成形は不可能であり、鍛造工程でも、凹凸形状が複雑であると、欠肉などの表面欠陥が発生するという問題がある。
【0005】
携帯電話用筐体やノート型パソコン用筐体などの鍛造成形品では、薄肉の板状部分に凸部を成形し、この凸部に溝加工あるいはタップ加工を施して、電子回路基板、液晶パネルなどを固定したものがある。また、成形品の薄肉化による剛性不足を補うために、リブなどの凸部を成形することもある。
【0006】
従来の鍛造における凸部成形の概略工程図を図5に示す。
この工程においては、対向配置されたダイ52とパンチ53とが用いられる。ダイ52の上面52cとパンチ53の下面53cとの間に素形材51を配置し、パンチ53を下方に移動させることにより、素形材51に圧力が印加される。その結果、素形材51が塑性流動して、ダイ52の上面52cに形成されている凹部52aに素形材51の一部が充填され、所定形状の凸部54を有する成形品が得られる。
【0007】
図5のような鍛造工程においては、一般に、成形される凸部54の横断面が素形材の元の板厚に比較して大きいと、凸部54の裏側において、成形品にヒケ不良55が発生することが多い。ヒケ不良55は、素形材51の一部が塑性流動によってダイの凹部52aに充填される際に、欠肉状態となる部位によって引き起こされると考えられる。また、ヒケ不良55は、元の板厚に関係なく、素形材51の表皮に存在する異物によって発生するとも考えられる。異物には、酸化物層や潤滑剤などがあり、これらが塑性流動で合流する金属同士の結合を阻害すると考えられる。ヒケ不良55が発生すると、外観品質の低下や強度の低下を引き起こす。
【0008】
このようなヒケ不良の発生を防ぐために、概略工程図6に示すような鍛造工程が提案されている(特許文献1)。この工程でも、対向配置されたダイ62とパンチ63とが用いられるが、パンチ63の下面63cには、凸部63dが形成されており、凸部63dは、ダイ62の上面62cに形成されている凹部62aから偏心した位置にある。凸部63dにより、素形材61に欠肉を防ぐための塑性流動を与えることができ、ヒケ不良を起こさずに凸部64を成形できる。
しかしながら、この方法では、所望する凸部64の裏面付近に、不必要な凹部が必然的に成形され、外観を損ねてしまう。
【0009】
また、概略工程図7に示すような鍛造工程も提案されている(特許文献2)。この工程は2工程からなる。第1工程で用いるパンチ73の下面73cには、凹部73aが形成されており、凹部73aは、ダイ72の上面72cに形成されている凹部72aに対向している。また、凹部72aの周辺には、欠肉を防ぐための低めのリブ72bが形成されている。押圧によって素形材71に塑性流動が与えられると、ダイ72との対向面に凸部71aを有し、パンチ73との対向面に凸部71bを有する荒鍛造成形品が得られる。
【0010】
荒鍛造成形品には、図7(B)に示すような第2工程により、仕上げ鍛造が施される。このとき用いるパンチ83の下面83cは平坦面となっており、この平坦面により、荒鍛造成形品に成形されている凸部71bは押圧されて平坦化される。また、ダイ82の上面82cには、成形品の所望の凸部81aの形状に応じた凹部82aが形成されている。
【0011】
しかしながら、この方法では、鍛造工程が複数回となってしまい、タクト時間が長くなる。特に、素形材がマグネシウム合金からなる場合には、常温で活動するすべり系が乏しく加工性が低いため、鍛造時には通常約200℃以上の加熱が必要となる。従って、鍛造工程が複数回に及ぶと、いっそうのタクトの長期化につながる。
【0012】
【特許文献1】
特開平2−6034号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2002−273540号公報
【0013】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のとおり、金属の鍛造加工において、特に薄板から凸部を有する成形品を得ようとする場合には、凸部の裏側におけるヒケ不良の発生を防止するとともに、不要な窪みの形成や、タクト時間の長期化を避けることが望まれている。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題に鑑みて為されたものであり、凸部の裏側にヒケ不良や窪みが形成されることを避けるとともに、好ましくは一回の鍛造工程によって、凸部を有する金属加工成形品を提供することを目的とする。
【0015】
すなわち、本発明は、素形材を押圧して第1凸部を成形すると同時に、前記第1凸部の裏側に第2凸部を成形する鍛造工程と、前記第2凸部を除去する切削工程とを有する金属の加工法に関する。
【0016】
本発明は、また、凸部を有する金属加工成形品であって、前記凸部の縦切断面には、前記凸部側に膨らむ正方向鍛流線と、その反対側に向かう逆方向鍛流線とが存在し、前記逆方向鍛流線が、前記凸部の裏面で途切れている金属の加工成形品に関する。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の金属の加工法は、第1工程のみが、素形材を押圧して第1凸部を成形すると同時に、前記第1凸部の裏側に第2凸部を成形する鍛造工程であり、第2工程は、前記第2凸部を除去する切削工程である。塑性加工性に乏しい材料に対しては、切削工程は鍛造工程よりも簡易に行うことができるため、2つの工程が共に鍛造工程である場合に比べて、タクト時間の長期化を防止することができる。
【0018】
特に、加工成形品が、マグネシウムまたはマグネシウム合金からなる場合には、鍛造を行うために材料を200℃以上に加熱しなければならないが、切削工程を行う場合には、加熱が不要である点で有利となる。200℃以上の高温で温間鍛造または熱間鍛造を複数回行う場合、工数が増大し、設備投資も高額になる。
【0019】
大量に生産される携帯電話用筐体やノート型パソコン用筐体等は、持ち運びや使用時の利便性から、軽量かつ高強度であることが求められる。マグネシウムおよびマグネシウム合金は、密度が1.7〜1.8g/cm程度であり、実用化されている金属中で比強度が最も高いことから、軽量で高強度が求められる部品に適している。本発明によれば、これらの部品を従来よりも低コストで提供することが可能となる。
【0020】
ここで、マグネシウム合金とは、一般的に普及している、マグネシウムを主たる成分とする合金のことをいう。重量比でAl:1〜9.5%、Zn:0〜2.5%、Mn:0.1%以上を含有し、残部がMgと不可避成分からなるマグネシウム合金が代表的である。このような合金としては、例えばASTM規格に準拠するAZ31合金、AZ91合金、AM60合金などがある。
【0021】
なお、本発明は、特に薄板から凸部を有する成形品を得ようとする場合に有効であり、例えば厚さ0.6〜3.5mmの素形材の加工において好適である。本発明は、また、素形材の体積をV、第1凸部と第2凸部の合計体積をQとするとき、V/Q値が30以下の場合において、特に有効である。
【0022】
本発明の加工法において、成形品に必要な凸部は第1凸部のみであり、その裏側に成形される第2凸部は本来不要であるが、第2凸部を形成することで、素形材の表皮が成形品内部に引き込まれることがなくなる。そのため、素形材の表皮に存在する酸化物などの異物が成形品の内部に巻き込まれることがなく、外観および内部品質のよい成形品が得られる。次に、不要である裏側の第2凸部を切除することで、ヒケ不良や不要な窪みのない成形品を得ることができる。
【0023】
鍛造工程には、素形材を常温またはそれ以下の温度で鍛造する冷間鍛造、素形材を再結晶温度より低い温度に加熱して鍛造する温間鍛造、および素形材を再結晶温度以上、固相線温度未満に加熱して鍛造する熱間鍛造などがあるが、いずれの鍛造工程も、第1工程として適用可能である。また、材料に超塑性現象を発現させて、通常の鍛造工程よりも小さな圧力を素形材に印加して成形することも可能である。
【0024】
不要な第2凸部の切削工程としては、金型パンチとダイによる剪断切除、フライス加工による切除、マシニング加工による切除、メタルソーによる切除、旋盤での切除、研磨による切除などが可能である。
【0025】
上記方法で得られた凸部を有する金属加工成形品において、凸部の縦切断面には、凸部側に膨らむ正方向鍛流線と、その反対側に向かう逆方向鍛流線とが存在する。これらの鍛流線は、第1工程である鍛造工程において形成される。すなわち、鍛造工程において、第1凸部側に膨らむ正方向鍛流線が形成される同時に、第2凸部側に膨らむ逆方向鍛流線が形成される。また、第2工程において、第1凸部の裏側に位置する第2凸部が切除されるため、第2凸部側に膨らむ逆方向鍛流線は、第1凸部の裏面で途切れることになる。
【0026】
【実施例】
以下、図1〜図4を参照しながら、本発明を実施例に基づいて具体的に説明する。ただし、以下の実施例は、本発明を具現化した一例にすぎず、本発明の技術的範囲を限定するものではない。
【0027】
《実施例1》
(イ)素形材について
本実施例では、φ18mmの円盤状の素形材を用いた。
素形材には、重量%で、アルミニウム含有量が3%程度、亜鉛含有量が1%程度、残部がマグネシウムと不可避成分からなるマグネシウム合金AZ31を主に使用した。また、参考データ収集のために、純マグネシウム、マグネシウム合金AZ91、アルミニウム合金A1050も使用した。これらの材料は、いずれもASTM規格を満たしている。表1〜表3に、使用したマグネシウム合金および純マグネシウム合金の組成を示す。
なお、表中の組成は、AZ31とAZ91に関しては、ICP発光分光分析による測定結果であり、純マグネシウムに関しては、素材メーカーの保障値である。
【0028】
【表1】

Figure 2004351485
【0029】
【表2】
Figure 2004351485
【0030】
【表3】
Figure 2004351485
【0031】
(ロ)実験装置
実験のための加圧装置には、油圧プレス機を用い、約20トンの加圧力となるよう調整した。金型温度は250℃となるよう調整した。金型の温度制御は、プレス機が具備する熱盤からの熱伝導で行った。
図1(A)に、装置の概略図を示す。この装置は、φ18mmの素形材11を挟持するφ18mm、高さ12mmの円筒形の上金型部品12と、同じくφ18mm、高さ12mmの円筒形の下金型部品13とを具備する。上金型部品12および下金型部品13は、内径φ18.05mmの円筒形のホルダ14内に挿入された状態で、ダイ15上に配置されている。ダイ15の上面中心部には、φ18mmの凸部15aが形成されており、ここにホルダ14の中空下部が嵌合している。
【0032】
この状態において、パンチ16が、上金型部品12を下方へ押圧するが、その際、押圧された素形材11は塑性変形して、上金型部品12の中央穴12aと下金型部品13の中央穴13aの内部に充填される。その結果、表裏両側に円柱状のボスが形成された成形品が得られる。中央穴12aおよび13aには、テーパーが付されており、それぞれ外側に向かって穴径が漸減している。内側の穴径は外側のそれに比べて1mm大きくなっている。
【0033】
(ハ)成形条件
上金型部品12の中央穴12aの内側(素形材側)の直径D、下金型部品13の中央穴13aの内側(素形材側)の直径d、および素形材11の板厚tを変化させて、鍛造成形を行い、複数の成形品を得た。図1(B)に、鍛造工程で得られた成形品17の断面概略図を示す。
また、D値、d値およびt値を表4および表5に示す。
【0034】
【表4】
Figure 2004351485
【0035】
【表5】
Figure 2004351485
【0036】
なお、成形前の素形材には、二硫化モリブデンを含む潤滑剤をスプレー塗布した。成形時に、金型が閉じて、押圧状態となった状態での保持時間は、基本的に約30秒間としたが、成形する凸部の高さが低い場合には、保持時間を増加させた。具体的には、潤滑剤の量および保持時間を、成形される第1凸部17aおよび第2凸部17bの高さHaおよびHbが、それぞれ6mm以上となるように調整した。
【0037】
(ニ)第2凸部の切削
成形品17の第2凸部17bを、根元まで研磨して切除し、図1(C)に断面で示すような成形品18を得た。ここでは、♯220〜1000の研磨紙を回転式研磨台にセットして、第2凸部17bを研磨した。次に、第2凸部の研磨切除により現れた研磨面18cを観察し、直径約0.1mm以上の空隙の有無を調べた。研磨面18cの観察は、光学顕微鏡により行った。
結果を表4および表5に示す。
【0038】
成形前の円盤状素形材の板厚をtとするとき、素形材の体積Vは、次式:
V=81π×t
で表される。
また、第1凸部17aの直径をD、第2凸部17bの直径をdとし、両凸部が上金型部品12および下金型部品13の中央穴12aおよび13aに完全充填されたと仮定したとき、第1凸部17aおよび第2凸部17bの合計体積Qは、次式:
Q=π(3D−3D+1)+π(3d−3d+1)
で表される。
【0039】
一般的に、素形材の体積Vが、成形しようとする凸部の体積Qに対して、小さい場合には、材料の欠肉や破断などを生じ易く、良好な成形が困難になる。そこで、本実施例においては、V/Qの値がおおむね1.5以上となるように素形材の板厚および金型部品を選択して成形を行った。
表4および表5に、素形材の体積Vの理論計算値、成形後の第1凸部17aと第2凸部17bとの合計体積Qの理論計算値、およびVとQとの比率:V/Qを示す。
【0040】
《比較例1》
下金型部品を中央穴の無い金型部品23に変更したこと以外、実施例1と同様の装置を用いて、素形材11の鍛造成形を行った。
図2(A)に、用いた装置の断面概略図を、図2(B)に、得られた鍛造成形品27の断面概略図を示す。
なお、金型温度、押圧時間、加圧力、潤滑剤量などの条件も、実施例1と同様とした。従って、潤滑剤の量および保持時間は、成形される凸部27aの高さHcが6mm以上となるように調整した。
【0041】
成形前の円盤状素形材の板厚をtとするとき、素形材の体積Vは、前述と同様に、次式:
V=81π×t
で表される。
また、凸部27aの直径をDとし、凸部27aが上金型部品12の中央穴12aに完全充填されたと仮定したとき、凸部27aの体積Q’は、次式:
Q’=π(3D−3D+1)
で表される。
【0042】
一般的に、素形材の体積Vが、成形しようとする凸部の体積Q’に対して、小さい場合には、ヒケ不良27bが発生しやすい。そこで、本実施例においては、V/Q’の値がおおむね1.5以上となるように素形材の板厚および金型部品を選択して成形を行った。そして、凸部27aの裏側におけるヒケ不良27bの発生の有無を調べた。ヒケ不良27bの有無は目視により判断した。ここでは、おおむね幅0.5mm以上、深さ0.5mm以上程度の凹部をヒケ不良と見なした。
【0043】
表6に、素形材の板厚t、上金型部品12の内側(素形材側)の中央穴12aの直径D、素形材の体積Vの理論計算値、成形後の凸部27aの体積Q’の理論計算値、VとQ’との比率:V/Q’、およびヒケ不良の有無を表6に示す。
【0044】
【表6】
Figure 2004351485
【0045】
本比較例では、素形材の板厚tが大きく、成形する凸部の直径Dが小さい場合には、ヒケ不良が発生しにくい傾向があった。言い換えれば、素形材体積Vに対して、成形後の凸部Q’の体積が小さい、すなわちV/Q’値が大きければ、ヒケ不良が発生しにくかった。この結果は、文献などで述べられている通説と一致する。本比較例の結果では、V/Q’値が約28以上ではヒケ不良が発生しなかったが、それより小さいV/Q’値では、ヒケ不良が発生した。一方、表4および表5に示すように、本発明の実施例においては、V/Q値が1.49以上の広い範囲で、凸部裏面のヒケ不良(空隙)が発生しなかった。
【0046】
以上の結果より、素形材の板厚が比較的薄くても、本発明によれば、第1工程で素形材の表裏両面に凸部を同時に成形し、第2工程で不要である裏面の凸部を切除する方法を採用していることから、1回の鍛造工程と切除工程により、ヒケ不良や窪みのない良好な外観品質を有する塑性加工成形品が得られることがわかる。
【0047】
次に、図3に、本発明の実施例および比較例で得られた成形品の縦切断面を、観察した。鍛流線の観察は、以下の要領で行った。まず、成形品の断面を研磨し、次いで、断面のエッチングを約3〜10分間行った。このとき、エッチング液には、酢酸約1.2%、純水約12%、ピクリン酸約7%を含有するエタノール溶液を用いた。その後、断面を乾燥させて、その観察を顕微鏡で行った。
【0048】
比較例1で得られた成形品30の縦切断面に見られた鍛流線を、模式的に図3(A)に示す。成形品30では、金属の流動方向を示す鍛流線32は、凸部31側に膨らむ凸形状を有していた。また、凸形状の高さは、凸部31の表面からその裏側に向かうに従い徐々に減少していた。しかしながら、凸部31の突出方向と逆向きに流れる鍛流線は観測されなかった。
【0049】
一方、実施例1で得られた成形品33の縦切断面に見られた鍛流線を、模式的に図3(B)に示す。成形品33の縦切断面には、第1凸部34側に膨らむ凸形状の鍛流線36aと、第1凸部34の突出方向と逆向きに流れる鍛流線36bとが見られた。また、鍛流線36bは、第1凸部の裏面で途切れた状態であった。このような途切れは、切削により第2凸部35が除去される際に生じるものである。
【0050】
《実施例2》
図4に示すような電子機器用筐体を板状素形材から成形した。図4(A)は、鍛造工程を行った直後の成形品40の上面図であり、図4(B)は、そのX−X線断面図である。また、図4(C)は、成形品40から不要部分を除去して完成した、図4(B)と同じ切断位置における電子機器用筐体40’の断面図である。
【0051】
筐体40’は、タップ加工後、ねじ止めに供するためのボス41が2箇所に設けられている。また、内部基板の位置決めに用いられるリブ42が1箇所に設けられている。
筐体40’の外形は35mm×25mm、側部の高さhは6mm、側部の肉厚は0.8mm、底面の肉厚は1.0mmとした。ボス41の直径は根元で4mm、高さは4mmとした。リブ42の幅は根元で2.5mm、長さは根元で10mm、高さは2.5mmとした。なお、ボス41およびリブ42は、1/10の勾配を有し、先端ほど小径となっている。
【0052】
鍛造工程では、ボス41の裏面に、直径約1mm、高さ約3mmのボス43を成形し、リブ42の中央部の裏面に、幅約1mm、長さ8mm、高さ約1.5mmのリブ44を成形した。
【0053】
この筐体を作製するために、素形材としてAZ31Bのマグネシウム合金の板材(板厚1.4mm)を用意した。素形材および金型の温度を、250〜300℃の範囲まで温め、約1000KNの加圧力で、金型を用いて約20〜100mm/sのプレス速度で鍛造成形を行った。このとき、潤滑剤には、二硫化モリブデンを含有するスプレーを使用した。
【0054】
この鍛造工程では、ボス41およびその裏面のボス43と、リブ42およびその裏面のリブ44が成形され、素形材の側部が立ち上がったが、この段階では、側部の周縁端部45の高さは揃わなかった。次に、側部の周縁端部45、ボス43およびリブ44を、常温で、金型せん断工程(サイドカット)により、切除した。次に、せん断加工では除去しきれなかったわずかな段差部を切削または研削加工で仕上げ、平坦な外表面を持つ電子機器用筐体40’を完成した。最後に、筐体40’の表面に、ブラスト処理および防錆処理を施し、さらに塗装を行った。なお、ブラスト処理では、アルミナ粉で成形品表面を研磨し、防錆処理では、成形品表面にリン酸マンガンを含むMg酸化皮膜を形成した。
【0055】
[評価]
筐体40’には、僅かながらボス43およびリブ44の切断痕跡が残ったが、後工程のブラスト処理および防錆処理、さらには塗装によって、切断痕跡は隠蔽され、外観上問題のないレベルとなった。
筐体40’のボス41およびリブ42の切断面において、鍛流線を観察したところ、切断面には、ボス41およびリブ42側に膨らむ凸形状の鍛流線と、それらの突出方向と逆向きに流れる鍛流線とが見られ、後者の鍛流線は、ボス41およびリブ42の裏面で途切れた状態であった。
【0056】
本発明は、主として素形材がマグネシウム、マグネシウム合金、あるいはアルミニウム合金の場合に好適であるとして説明してきたが、本発明を適用可能な素形材はこれらに限定されない。例えば、チタン合金、鉄合金、銅合金などにも、本発明を適用可能である。また、実施例では、潤滑剤として二硫化モリブデンスを含有するスプレーを主として使用したが、その他に、耐熱性プレスオイル、黒鉛粉末などを使用することもできる。また、本実施例では、金型および素形材を加熱して鍛造を行う温間鍛造を実施したが、金属の材質や材料特性によっては、熱間鍛造や冷間鍛造なども可能である。
【0057】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、第1工程で素形材の表裏両面に凸部を同時に成形し、第2工程では不要な裏面の凸部を切除することから、1回の鍛造工程と切除工程で、ヒケ不良や窪みのない良好な外観品質を有する成形品を得ることが可能である。従って、本発明によれば、工程数の削減により、タクトの短縮をはかることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】素形材の両側に凸部を成形する金型の一例の断面概略図(A)、成形された成形品の断面模式図(B)および裏面の凸部を切除した成形品の断面模式図(C)である。
【図2】素形材の片側に凸部を成形する金型の一例の断面概略図(A)および成形された成形品の断面模式図(B)である。
【図3】本発明の比較例(A)および実施例(B)の成形品の断面模式図である。
【図4】本発明を具現化した成形品の一例の上面図(A)、そのX−X線断面図(B)および切削工程を施した後のX−X線断面図(C)である。
【図5】従来の鍛造における凸部成形の概略工程図である。
【図6】従来の別の鍛造における凸部成形の概略工程図である。
【図7】従来のさらに別の鍛造における凸部成形の概略工程図である。
【符号の説明】
11 素形材
12 上金型部品
12a 上金型部品12の中央穴
13 下金型部品
13a 下金型部品13の中央穴
14 ホルダ
15 ダイ
15a 凸部
16 パンチ
17 成形品
17a 成形品17の第1凸部
17b 成形品17の第2凸部
18 成形品
18c 研磨面
23 中央穴の無い金型部品
27 成形品
27a 凸部
27b ヒケ不良
30 成形品
32 鍛流線
31 凸部
33 成形品
34 第1凸部
35 第2凸部
36a 第1凸部側に膨らむ凸形状の鍛流線
36b 第1凸部の突出方向と逆向きに流れる鍛流線
40 成形品
40’ 電子機器用筐体
41 ねじ止めに供するためのボス
42 内部基板の位置決めに用いられるリブ
43 ボス41の裏面のボス
44 リブ42の中央部の裏面のリブ
45 側部の周縁端部
51 素形材
52 ダイ
52a ダイ52の上面52cに形成されている凹部
52c ダイ52の上面
53 パンチ
53c パンチ53の下面
54 凸部
55 ヒケ不良
61 素形材
62 ダイ
62a ダイ62の上面に形成されている凹部
62c ダイ62の上面
63 パンチ
63c パンチ63の下面
63d 凸部
64 凸部
65 不必要な凹部
71 素形材
71a 凸部
71b 凸部
72 ダイ
72a 凹部
72b リブ
72c ダイ72の上面
73 パンチ
73a 凹部
73c パンチ73の下面
81a 凸部
82 ダイ
82a 凹部
82c ダイ82の上面
83 パンチ
83c パンチ83の下面[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a metal processing method and a metal processed product.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as one of measures against recycling processing, environmental problems, and the like, it has been studied to manufacture exterior parts such as home electric appliances manufactured in large quantities from metal materials instead of conventional resin materials. While the resin recycling rate is about 20%, 90% of metal materials can be recycled.
[0003]
Methods of forming metal materials include casting, powder sintering, and plastic working (forging / drawing), but plastic housing, which has a large number of units produced, can be mass-produced in a short cycle, reducing the unit cost of parts. It is superior in terms of making it work. In the plastic working, a high-strength molded product can be obtained due to the influence of work hardening of the cast material.
[0004]
However, plastic working has a lower degree of freedom in the shape that can be formed than casting and powder sintering, and it is impossible to form bosses, ribs, and the like by drawing, and even in the forging process, the uneven shape is complicated. However, there is a problem that surface defects such as underfill occur.
[0005]
For forged products such as cell phone housings and notebook PC housings, a thin plate-like part is formed with a convex part, and this convex part is subjected to groove processing or tapping processing, so that electronic circuit boards and liquid crystal panels can be formed. Some are fixed. Further, in order to compensate for insufficient rigidity due to thinning of a molded product, a convex portion such as a rib may be formed.
[0006]
FIG. 5 shows a schematic process chart of the projection forming in the conventional forging.
In this step, a die 52 and a punch 53 that are arranged to face each other are used. Pressure is applied to the base material 51 by disposing the base material 51 between the upper surface 52c of the die 52 and the lower surface 53c of the punch 53 and moving the punch 53 downward. As a result, the molded material 51 plastically flows, and the concave portion 52a formed on the upper surface 52c of the die 52 is partially filled with the molded material 51, and a molded product having a convex portion 54 of a predetermined shape is obtained. .
[0007]
In the forging process as shown in FIG. 5, if the cross section of the convex portion 54 to be formed is generally larger than the original plate thickness of the shaped material, the sinking 55 Often occurs. It is considered that the sink mark 55 is caused by a portion that becomes underfilled when a part of the material 51 is filled into the concave portion 52a of the die by plastic flow. In addition, it is considered that the sink mark 55 is caused by a foreign substance existing on the skin of the shaped material 51 regardless of the original thickness. The foreign matter includes an oxide layer, a lubricant, and the like, which are considered to hinder the bonding between metals that join by plastic flow. When sink marks 55 occur, the appearance quality and strength are reduced.
[0008]
In order to prevent the occurrence of such sink marks, a forging process as shown in FIG. 6 has been proposed (Patent Document 1). Also in this step, the die 62 and the punch 63 which are opposed to each other are used, but the convex portion 63d is formed on the lower surface 63c of the punch 63, and the convex portion 63d is formed on the upper surface 62c of the die 62. At a position eccentric from the recessed portion 62a. The convex portion 63d can apply plastic flow for preventing the underfill material from being underfilled, and the convex portion 64 can be formed without causing sink marks.
However, according to this method, an unnecessary concave portion is inevitably formed in the vicinity of the rear surface of the desired convex portion 64, and the appearance is impaired.
[0009]
Further, a forging process as shown in FIG. 7 has been proposed (Patent Document 2). This step consists of two steps. A concave portion 73a is formed on the lower surface 73c of the punch 73 used in the first step, and the concave portion 73a faces the concave portion 72a formed on the upper surface 72c of the die 72. A lower rib 72b is formed around the concave portion 72a to prevent underfill. When plastic flow is given to the cast material 71 by pressing, a rough forged product having a convex portion 71a on the surface facing the die 72 and a convex portion 71b on the surface facing the punch 73 is obtained.
[0010]
The rough forged product is subjected to finish forging in a second step as shown in FIG. 7 (B). The lower surface 83c of the punch 83 used at this time is a flat surface, and the flat surface presses and flattens the convex portion 71b formed in the rough forged product. Further, a concave portion 82a corresponding to a desired shape of the convex portion 81a of the molded product is formed on the upper surface 82c of the die 82.
[0011]
However, in this method, the forging process is performed a plurality of times, and the tact time is lengthened. In particular, when the shaped material is made of a magnesium alloy, a slip system operating at normal temperature is poor and workability is low, so that forging requires heating at about 200 ° C. or more. Therefore, when the forging process is performed a plurality of times, the tact is further lengthened.
[0012]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2-6034 [Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-273540 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the case of forging a metal, in particular, when obtaining a molded product having a convex portion from a thin plate, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of sink marks on the back side of the convex portion, and to form unnecessary dents and reduce tact time. It is desired to avoid prolonged time.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and avoids the formation of sink marks and dents on the back side of a convex portion, and preferably forms a metal work having a convex portion by a single forging process. The purpose is to provide goods.
[0015]
That is, the present invention provides a forging step of pressing the shaped material to form the first convex portion and simultaneously forming the second convex portion on the back side of the first convex portion, and a cutting for removing the second convex portion. And a method for processing a metal.
[0016]
The present invention is also a metal-worked molded product having a convex portion, wherein a vertical cutting surface of the convex portion has a forward direction swelling line bulging toward the convex portion side, and a reverse direction forging flow toward the opposite side. And a reverse-flow wire is present at the back surface of the convex portion.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The metal processing method of the present invention is a forging step in which only the first step is a step of pressing the shaped material to form the first convex part and simultaneously forming the second convex part on the back side of the first convex part. The second step is a cutting step for removing the second convex portion. For materials with poor plastic workability, the cutting process can be performed more easily than the forging process, so that it is possible to prevent the tact time from being prolonged compared to when both processes are forging processes. it can.
[0018]
In particular, when the processed molded product is made of magnesium or a magnesium alloy, the material must be heated to 200 ° C. or higher to perform forging. However, when a cutting process is performed, heating is unnecessary. This is advantageous. When warm forging or hot forging is performed a plurality of times at a high temperature of 200 ° C. or more, the number of steps is increased, and the capital investment is also high.
[0019]
BACKGROUND ART A housing for a mobile phone, a housing for a notebook computer, and the like, which are mass-produced, are required to be lightweight and high-strength for convenience in carrying and using. Magnesium and magnesium alloys have a density of about 1.7 to 1.8 g / cm 3 , and have the highest specific strength among metals in practical use, so they are suitable for parts requiring light weight and high strength. . According to the present invention, it is possible to provide these components at a lower cost than before.
[0020]
Here, the magnesium alloy refers to an alloy that is widely used and contains magnesium as a main component. A typical example is a magnesium alloy containing Al: 1 to 9.5%, Zn: 0 to 2.5%, and Mn: 0.1% or more by weight, with the balance being Mg and unavoidable components. Examples of such an alloy include an AZ31 alloy, an AZ91 alloy, an AM60 alloy, and the like, which comply with the ASTM standard.
[0021]
The present invention is particularly effective when a molded product having a convex portion is to be obtained from a thin plate, and is suitable, for example, for processing a shaped material having a thickness of 0.6 to 3.5 mm. The present invention is particularly effective when the V / Q value is 30 or less, where V is the volume of the shaped material and Q is the total volume of the first and second convex portions.
[0022]
In the processing method of the present invention, only the first protrusion is necessary for the molded product, and the second protrusion formed on the back side is not necessary, but by forming the second protrusion, The skin of the cast material is not drawn into the molded product. Therefore, foreign substances such as oxides present on the skin of the shaped material are not caught in the molded product, and a molded product with good appearance and internal quality can be obtained. Next, by cutting off the unnecessary second convex portion on the back side, it is possible to obtain a molded product without sink marks and unnecessary dents.
[0023]
In the forging process, cold forging is performed by forging the shaped material at room temperature or lower, warm forging is performed by heating the shaped material to a temperature lower than the recrystallization temperature, and the recrystallization temperature is reduced. As described above, there is hot forging in which forging is performed by heating below the solidus temperature, and any forging process can be applied as the first process. It is also possible to make the material exhibit a superplastic phenomenon and apply a pressure smaller than that in a normal forging process to the raw material for molding.
[0024]
As an unnecessary cutting process of the second convex portion, shearing cutting using a die punch and a die, cutting using a milling process, cutting using a machining process, cutting using a metal saw, cutting using a lathe, and cutting using polishing can be used.
[0025]
In the metal-worked molded article having the convex portion obtained by the above method, a forward direction swelling line bulging to the convex side and a reverse direction stiffening line toward the opposite side are present on the longitudinally cut surface of the convex portion. I do. These forging lines are formed in the forging step, which is the first step. That is, in the forging process, a forward direction flow line swelling toward the first convex portion is formed, and at the same time, a reverse direction flowing direction bulging toward the second convex portion is formed. In addition, in the second step, the second convex portion located on the back side of the first convex portion is cut off, so that the reverse flowing direction flowing toward the second convex portion is interrupted on the back surface of the first convex portion. Become.
[0026]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on embodiments with reference to FIGS. However, the following embodiments are merely examples embodying the present invention, and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.
[0027]
<< Example 1 >>
(A) Shaped material In this example, a disc-shaped shaped material having a diameter of 18 mm was used.
As the cast material, a magnesium alloy AZ31 composed of about 3% by weight of aluminum, about 1% by weight of zinc, and the balance consisting of magnesium and inevitable components was mainly used. Pure magnesium, magnesium alloy AZ91, and aluminum alloy A1050 were also used for reference data collection. All of these materials meet the ASTM standard. Tables 1 to 3 show the compositions of the magnesium alloy and the pure magnesium alloy used.
In addition, the composition in the table is a measurement result by ICP emission spectroscopy for AZ31 and AZ91, and is a guaranteed value of a material maker for pure magnesium.
[0028]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004351485
[0029]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004351485
[0030]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004351485
[0031]
(B) Experimental apparatus A hydraulic press was used as a pressurizing apparatus for the experiment, and the pressure was adjusted to about 20 tons. The mold temperature was adjusted to 250 ° C. The temperature of the mold was controlled by heat conduction from a hot plate provided in the press machine.
FIG. 1A shows a schematic diagram of the apparatus. The apparatus includes a cylindrical upper mold part 12 having a diameter of 18 mm and a height of 12 mm, and a cylindrical lower mold part 13 having a diameter of 18 mm and a height of 12 mm. The upper mold part 12 and the lower mold part 13 are arranged on a die 15 in a state of being inserted into a cylindrical holder 14 having an inner diameter of 18.05 mm. At the center of the upper surface of the die 15, a projection 15a of φ18 mm is formed, and the hollow lower part of the holder 14 is fitted therein.
[0032]
In this state, the punch 16 presses the upper mold part 12 downward. At this time, the pressed material 11 is plastically deformed, and the center hole 12a of the upper mold part 12 and the lower mold part 12 are pressed. The inside of the central hole 13a of the thirteen is filled. As a result, a molded product in which cylindrical bosses are formed on both the front and back sides is obtained. The center holes 12a and 13a are tapered, and the diameters of the holes gradually decrease outward. The diameter of the inner hole is 1 mm larger than that of the outer hole.
[0033]
(C) Molding conditions Upper diameter D of the inside (centered material side) of center hole 12a of mold part 12, diameter d of the inner side (centered material side) of center hole 13a of lower mold part 13, and shape Forging was performed by changing the thickness t of the material 11 to obtain a plurality of molded products. FIG. 1B is a schematic sectional view of a molded product 17 obtained in the forging step.
Tables 4 and 5 show the D value, d value, and t value.
[0034]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004351485
[0035]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004351485
[0036]
Note that a lubricant containing molybdenum disulfide was spray-applied to the shaped material before molding. At the time of molding, the holding time in the state where the mold was closed and in the pressed state was basically set to about 30 seconds, but when the height of the convex portion to be formed was low, the holding time was increased. . Specifically, the amount and the holding time of the lubricant were adjusted such that the heights Ha and Hb of the first convex portion 17a and the second convex portion 17b to be formed were respectively 6 mm or more.
[0037]
(D) The second convex portion 17b of the cut molded product 17 of the second convex portion was polished to the root and cut off to obtain a molded product 18 as shown in a cross section in FIG. Here, polishing paper of # 220 to 1000 was set on a rotary polishing table, and the second convex portion 17b was polished. Next, the polished surface 18c, which appeared due to polishing and cutting of the second convex portion, was observed, and the presence or absence of a gap having a diameter of about 0.1 mm or more was examined. The observation of the polished surface 18c was performed with an optical microscope.
The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0038]
Assuming that the thickness of the disc-shaped material before molding is t, the volume V of the material is represented by the following formula:
V = 81π × t
Is represented by
Further, it is assumed that the diameter of the first convex portion 17a is D, the diameter of the second convex portion 17b is d, and both convex portions are completely filled in the center holes 12a and 13a of the upper mold part 12 and the lower mold part 13. Then, the total volume Q of the first projection 17a and the second projection 17b is given by the following equation:
Q = π (3D 2 −3D + 1) + π (3d 2 −3d + 1)
Is represented by
[0039]
In general, when the volume V of the shaped material is smaller than the volume Q of the convex portion to be molded, the material tends to be underfilled or broken, and good molding becomes difficult. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the molding was performed by selecting the thickness of the base material and the mold parts so that the value of V / Q was approximately 1.5 or more.
Tables 4 and 5 show the theoretical calculation value of the volume V of the cast material, the theoretical calculation value of the total volume Q of the first convex portion 17a and the second convex portion 17b after molding, and the ratio of V to Q: V / Q is shown.
[0040]
<< Comparative Example 1 >>
Forging of the cast material 11 was performed using the same apparatus as in Example 1 except that the lower mold part was changed to the mold part 23 having no center hole.
FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the used apparatus, and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the obtained forged product 27.
The conditions such as the mold temperature, the pressing time, the pressing force, and the amount of the lubricant were the same as those in Example 1. Therefore, the amount and the holding time of the lubricant were adjusted so that the height Hc of the convex portion 27a to be formed was 6 mm or more.
[0041]
Assuming that the plate thickness of the disc-shaped material before molding is t, the volume V of the material is as follows:
V = 81π × t
Is represented by
Further, assuming that the diameter of the protrusion 27a is D and the protrusion 27a is completely filled in the center hole 12a of the upper mold part 12, the volume Q 'of the protrusion 27a is represented by the following equation:
Q ′ = π (3D 2 −3D + 1)
Is represented by
[0042]
Generally, when the volume V of the cast material is smaller than the volume Q 'of the convex portion to be formed, sink marks 27b are likely to occur. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the molding was performed by selecting the plate thickness of the base material and the mold parts so that the value of V / Q ′ was approximately 1.5 or more. Then, the presence or absence of sink marks 27b on the back side of the protrusion 27a was examined. The presence or absence of sink marks 27b was visually determined. Here, a recess having a width of about 0.5 mm or more and a depth of about 0.5 mm or more was regarded as sink failure.
[0043]
Table 6 shows the plate thickness t of the base material, the diameter D of the center hole 12a inside (the base material side) of the upper mold part 12, the theoretical calculation value of the base material volume V, and the convex portion 27a after molding. Table 6 shows theoretically calculated values of the volume Q ′, the ratio of V and Q ′: V / Q ′, and the presence or absence of sink marks.
[0044]
[Table 6]
Figure 2004351485
[0045]
In this comparative example, when the plate thickness t of the cast material was large and the diameter D of the convex portion to be formed was small, there was a tendency that sink marks were unlikely to occur. In other words, if the volume of the convex portion Q 'after molding is smaller than the volume V of the shaped material, that is, if the value of V / Q' is large, sink marks are less likely to occur. This result is consistent with the myth described in the literature. According to the results of this comparative example, sink mark failure did not occur when the V / Q ′ value was about 28 or more, but sink mark failure occurred when the V / Q ′ value was lower. On the other hand, as shown in Tables 4 and 5, in Examples of the present invention, sink marks (voids) on the rear surface of the convex portion did not occur in a wide range of V / Q values of 1.49 or more.
[0046]
From the above results, according to the present invention, even when the plate thickness of the cast material is relatively thin, the convex portions are simultaneously formed on the front and back surfaces of the cast material in the first step, and the unnecessary back surface is formed in the second step. It can be seen that the method of cutting off the protruding portion of the present invention can provide a plastically processed product having good appearance quality without sink marks and depressions by one forging step and cutting step.
[0047]
Next, in FIG. 3, the longitudinal cut surfaces of the molded products obtained in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples were observed. Observation of the grain flow line was performed in the following manner. First, the cross section of the molded product was polished, and then the cross section was etched for about 3 to 10 minutes. At this time, an ethanol solution containing about 1.2% of acetic acid, about 12% of pure water, and about 7% of picric acid was used as an etching solution. Thereafter, the cross section was dried and the observation was performed with a microscope.
[0048]
FIG. 3 (A) schematically shows a forging line observed on a longitudinal section of the molded product 30 obtained in Comparative Example 1. In the molded product 30, the grain flow line 32 indicating the metal flowing direction had a convex shape bulging toward the convex portion 31. Further, the height of the convex shape gradually decreased from the surface of the convex portion 31 toward the back side thereof. However, a flowing wire flowing in the direction opposite to the direction in which the protrusions 31 protruded was not observed.
[0049]
On the other hand, FIG. 3 (B) schematically shows a grain flow line observed on a longitudinally cut surface of the molded product 33 obtained in Example 1. On the longitudinally cut surface of the molded product 33, a convex shaped flow 36a bulging toward the first convex portion 34 and a flowing flow 36b flowing in a direction opposite to the direction in which the first convex portion 34 protruded were observed. Further, the grain flow line 36b was in a state of being interrupted on the back surface of the first convex portion. Such a break occurs when the second convex portion 35 is removed by cutting.
[0050]
<< Example 2 >>
A housing for an electronic device as shown in FIG. 4 was formed from a plate-shaped material. FIG. 4A is a top view of the molded product 40 immediately after performing the forging process, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX. FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device housing 40 ′ at the same cutting position as in FIG. 4B, which is completed by removing unnecessary portions from the molded product 40.
[0051]
The housing 40 'is provided with two bosses 41 for screwing after tapping. Further, a rib 42 used for positioning the internal substrate is provided at one position.
The outer shape of the housing 40 ′ was 35 mm × 25 mm, the height h of the side portion was 6 mm, the thickness of the side portion was 0.8 mm, and the thickness of the bottom surface was 1.0 mm. The diameter of the boss 41 was 4 mm at the base and the height was 4 mm. The width of the rib 42 was 2.5 mm at the base, the length was 10 mm at the base, and the height was 2.5 mm. The boss 41 and the rib 42 have a gradient of 1/10, and have a smaller diameter at the tip.
[0052]
In the forging process, a boss 43 having a diameter of about 1 mm and a height of about 3 mm is formed on the back of the boss 41, and a rib having a width of about 1 mm, a length of 8 mm, and a height of about 1.5 mm is formed on the back of the center of the rib 42. 44 was molded.
[0053]
In order to fabricate this housing, a plate material (plate thickness: 1.4 mm) of a magnesium alloy of AZ31B was prepared as a shaped material. The temperature of the cast material and the mold was warmed to the range of 250 to 300 ° C., and forging was performed using the mold at a pressing force of about 20 to 100 mm / s at a pressure of about 1000 KN. At this time, a spray containing molybdenum disulfide was used as the lubricant.
[0054]
In this forging process, the boss 41 and the boss 43 on the back surface thereof, and the rib 42 and the rib 44 on the back surface thereof are formed, and the side of the cast material is raised. At this stage, the peripheral edge 45 of the side portion is formed. The height was not uniform. Next, the side peripheral edge 45, the boss 43, and the rib 44 were cut off at room temperature by a mold shearing step (side cut). Next, a slight step portion that could not be completely removed by shearing was finished by cutting or grinding to complete an electronic device housing 40 ′ having a flat outer surface. Finally, the surface of the housing 40 'was subjected to blast treatment and rust prevention treatment, and further painted. In the blast treatment, the surface of the molded product was polished with alumina powder, and in the rust prevention treatment, a Mg oxide film containing manganese phosphate was formed on the surface of the molded product.
[0055]
[Evaluation]
Although slight traces of cutting of the boss 43 and the ribs 44 remain on the housing 40 ', the traces of cutting are concealed by blasting and rust-prevention treatment in a later step, and furthermore, painting. became.
Observation of the forging line on the cut surface of the boss 41 and the rib 42 of the housing 40 ′ revealed that the forging line had a convex shape bulging toward the boss 41 and the rib 42 and a direction opposite to the projecting direction. A flowing direction was observed, and the latter flowing direction was interrupted on the back surfaces of the boss 41 and the rib 42.
[0056]
Although the present invention has mainly been described as being suitable for the case where the shaped material is magnesium, a magnesium alloy, or an aluminum alloy, the shaped material to which the present invention can be applied is not limited thereto. For example, the present invention is applicable to titanium alloys, iron alloys, copper alloys, and the like. Further, in the examples, a spray containing molybdenum disulfide as a lubricant was mainly used, but heat-resistant press oil, graphite powder and the like can also be used. Further, in the present embodiment, warm forging in which the mold and the shaped material are heated to perform forging is performed. However, depending on the material and material characteristics of the metal, hot forging or cold forging may be performed.
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the first step, the convex portions are simultaneously formed on the front and back surfaces of the shaped material, and in the second step, unnecessary convex portions on the rear surface are cut off. In the cutting process, it is possible to obtain a molded product having good appearance quality without sink marks and depressions. Therefore, according to the present invention, the tact can be reduced by reducing the number of steps.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a mold for forming convex portions on both sides of a shaped material (A), a schematic cross-sectional view of the formed molded product (B), and a molded product obtained by removing the convex portions on the back surface. It is a cross section schematic diagram (C).
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a mold for forming a convex portion on one side of a cast material and a schematic cross-sectional view of a formed molded product.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a molded product of Comparative Example (A) and Example (B) of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view (A) of an example of a molded product embodying the present invention, a sectional view taken along line XX (B), and a sectional view taken along line XX after performing a cutting step (C). .
FIG. 5 is a schematic process chart of convex portion forming in conventional forging.
FIG. 6 is a schematic process diagram of forming a convex portion in another conventional forging.
FIG. 7 is a schematic process diagram of forming a projection in yet another conventional forging.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 11 Molded material 12 Upper mold part 12a Center hole 13 of upper mold part 12 Lower mold part 13a Center hole 14 of lower mold part 13 Holder 15 Die 15a Convex part 16 Punch 17 Molded product 17a Molded product 17a 1 convex portion 17b Second convex portion 18 of molded product 17 Molded product 18c Polished surface 23 Mold part 27 without center hole Molded product 27a Convex portion 27b Sinking defect 30 Molded product 32 Forging line 31 Convex portion 33 Molded product 34 1 convex portion 35 second convex portion 36a convex shaped flow line 36b bulging to the first convex portion side Flow line 40 flowing in the opposite direction to the projecting direction of the first convex portion Molded product 40 'Electronic device housing 41 Screw Boss 42 for use in stopping ribs 43 used for positioning the internal substrate Boss 44 on the back surface of boss 41 Rib 45 on the back surface at the center of rib 42 Peripheral edge portion 51 on the side part Basic material 52 Die 52a Top surface of die 52 52c formed Recessed portion 52c Upper surface 53 of die 52 Punch 53c Lower surface 54 of punch 53 Convex portion 55 Sinking failure 61 Cast material 62 Die 62a Recessed portion 62c formed on the upper surface of die 62 Upper surface 63 of die 62 Punch 63c Punch 63 Lower surface 63d Convex portion 64 Convex portion 65 Unnecessary concave portion 71 Molded material 71a Convex portion 71b Convex portion 72 Die 72a Recess 72b Rib 72c Die 72 Upper surface 73 Punch 73a Recess 73c Punch 73 lower surface 81a Convex portion 82 Die 82a Recess 82c Upper surface 83 of die 82 Punch 83c Lower surface of punch 83

Claims (3)

素形材を押圧して第1凸部を成形すると同時に、前記第1凸部の裏側に第2凸部を成形する鍛造工程と、前記第2凸部を除去する切削工程とを有する金属の加工法。A metal forging having a forging step of forming a second convex part on the back side of the first convex part at the same time as pressing the shaped material to form the first convex part, and a cutting step of removing the second convex part Processing method. 凸部を有する金属加工成形品であって、
前記凸部の縦切断面には、前記凸部側に膨らむ正方向鍛流線と、その反対側に向かう逆方向鍛流線とが存在し、前記逆方向鍛流線が、前記凸部の裏面で途切れている金属の加工成形品。
A metal processing molded product having a convex portion,
On the longitudinally cut surface of the convex portion, there is a forward flowing direction flowing toward the convex side, and a reverse flowing direction flowing toward the opposite side, and the reverse flowing direction is the reverse flowing direction. A processed metal product that is interrupted on the back.
前記加工成形品が、マグネシウムまたはマグネシウム合金からなる請求項2記載の金属の加工成形品。The processed metal product according to claim 2, wherein the processed product is made of magnesium or a magnesium alloy.
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JP2010000515A (en) * 2008-06-19 2010-01-07 Kagoshima Prefecture Forging method of magnesium alloy
JP2013175795A (en) * 2013-06-12 2013-09-05 Mitsui High Tec Inc Manufacturing method of lead frame
JP2021010929A (en) * 2019-07-08 2021-02-04 昭和電工株式会社 Mouthpiece of high-pressure-gas container and manufacturing method thereof
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JP2008232195A (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-10-02 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd Anti-vibration bush manufacturing method and anti-vibration bush
JP2010000515A (en) * 2008-06-19 2010-01-07 Kagoshima Prefecture Forging method of magnesium alloy
JP2013175795A (en) * 2013-06-12 2013-09-05 Mitsui High Tec Inc Manufacturing method of lead frame
JP2021010929A (en) * 2019-07-08 2021-02-04 昭和電工株式会社 Mouthpiece of high-pressure-gas container and manufacturing method thereof
JP7314665B2 (en) 2019-07-08 2023-07-26 株式会社レゾナック Mouthpiece for high-pressure gas container
CN115255232A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-11-01 力野精密工业(深圳)有限公司 New energy automobile radiator lightweight spare and accessory part process
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PL441962A1 (en) * 2022-08-08 2023-10-09 Politechnika Warszawska Method of forging a magnesium alloy forging with a hammer, in particular the stabilizer connector
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