JP2004293042A

JP2004293042A - Wall structure of building and wall construction method

Info

Publication number: JP2004293042A
Application number: JP2003083063A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Tetsumi Nakamura; 哲己中村; Kenji Hasegawa; 賢司長谷川
Original assignee: Daiken Trade and Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Daiken Trade and Industry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-03-25
Filing date: 2003-03-25
Publication date: 2004-10-21

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure strength; to prevent internal dew condensation; and to accomplish high workability. <P>SOLUTION: An external facing substrate material 3 with moisture permeability, which is composed of a porous material or a fibrous material, is stretched on the outdoor side of a structural material 1 by driving a staple 4. A moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet 7 is stretched on the outdoor side of the material 3 by driving the staple 4. An external facing material 8 is stretched on the outdoor side of the sheet 7 via furring strips 10 in such a manner that an ventilation passage 9 is formed between the material 8 and the sheet 7. An interior finishing material 5 is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material 1, and a thermal insulating material 6 is interposed between the materials 3 and 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、高断熱性及び高気密性を有する建物の壁構造及び壁施工方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より、建物の高断熱化及び高気密化を図るために、建物の骨格をなす構造材の屋外側に外装下地材や透湿防水シートを張設し、さらに、その屋外側に胴縁を介して外装材を張設する一方、上記構造材である柱や間柱の間にグラスウールやロックウール等の断熱材を介装して構造材の室内側に内装材を張設した壁構造が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
この特許文献１の従来例では、構造材に外装下地材を張設し、さらに、この外装下地材に透湿防水シートを張設して外装材との間に通気路を形成することにより、壁内に入った湿気を上記通気路を経て屋外に排出するようにしている。この通気路の幅は、湿気を効率良く排出するために少なくとも１２ｍｍ、好ましくは１８ｍｍ必要とされる。
【０００４】
また、特許文献１の実施形態では、外装下地材をなくし、透湿防止シートを構造材に直接に張設して外装材との間に通気路を形成することにより、壁内に入った湿気を上記通気路を経て屋外に排出するようにしている。このように、実施形態において、外装下地材をなくしているのは、透湿抵抗の高い構造用合板等の外装下地材があると湿気の屋外への排出を阻害するからである。
【０００５】
さらに、これら外装下地材や透湿防水シートは釘を所定間隔をあけて打ち込むことで構造材に固定されている。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−３６４０９１号公報（第３，４頁、図２）
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記の特許文献１の実施形態のように、外装下地材をなくすと、壁構造の強度が低下する。
【０００８】
さらに、一般に、断熱材の構造材への介装作業は室内側から行われるため、最近の省エネルギー仕様により断熱材を壁内に高密度で充填すると、図９及び図１０に示すように、断熱材ａが屋外側（図９下側、図１０左側）に膨出して通気路ｂが遮断されてしまい、特に、冬季において高温多湿の湿気が壁内に滞留して結露すると、断熱材ａが濡れて断熱効果が低下したり、構造材が腐る原因となる。図９及び図１０中、ｃは構造材を構成する柱、ｄは基礎ｅ上に設けられた土台、ｆは室内側の内装材、ｇは屋外側の外装材、ｈは透湿防止シート、ｉは胴縁である。
【０００９】
また、外装下地材や透湿防水シートを釘の打ち込みにより構造材に固定する際、釘を１本ずつ単発的に打ち込むと、施工に手間が掛かって施工効率が悪くなる。
【００１０】
この発明はかかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、強度の確保と内部結露の防止とを図るとともに、施工効率を高めることである。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、この発明は、外装下地材の材質を特定するとともに、外装下地材や透湿防水シートの張設手法を工夫したことを特徴とする。
【００１２】
具体的には、この発明は、建物の壁構造及び壁施工方法を対象とし、次のような解決手段を講じた。
【００１３】
すなわち、請求項１ないし３に記載の発明は、前者の壁構造に関するものであり、そのうち、請求項１に記載の発明は、建物の骨格をなす構造材を備え、該構造材の屋外側には多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する外装下地材がステープルの打ち込みにより張設されるとともに室内側には内装材が張設され、上記外装下地材と内装材との間には断熱材が介装され、上記外装下地材の屋外側には透湿防水シートがステープルの打ち込みにより張設され、該透湿防水シートの屋外側には外装材が透湿防水シートとの間に通気路を形成するように胴縁を介して張設されていることを特徴とする。
【００１４】
上記の構成により、請求項１に記載の発明では、外装下地材があるため、その分だけ壁構造の強度が増す。
【００１５】
さらに、外装下地材は多孔質材又は繊維質材で構成されて透湿抵抗が低いため、壁内に入った湿気が外装下地材を速やかに通過して透湿防水シートを経て通気路に移行する。また、断熱材を室内側から介装しても、該断熱材は上記外装下地材に遮られて通気路に膨出せず、所定幅の通気路が確保されるため、上記外装下地材及び透湿防水シートを通過して通気路に移行した高温多湿の湿気が屋外にスムーズに排出され、内部結露が防止されて断熱材の濡れによる断熱効果の低下や構造材の腐食が防止される。
【００１６】
また、多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる外装下地材は、構造用合板や木質系面材等に比べて軟らかいため、ステープルの侵入抵抗が低く、ステープルが途中で曲がったり、ステープルが完全に打ち込まれずにその頭部が外装下地材から突出した状態になる施工不備がなくなり、ステープルが正確に打ち込まれる。
【００１７】
請求項２に記載の発明は、建物の骨格をなす構造材を備え、該構造材の屋外側には防水処理が施された多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する複数枚の外装下地材がステープルの打ち込みにより張設されかつ外装下地材の継ぎ目には防水テープが貼着されるとともに室内側には内装材が張設され、上記外装下地材と内装材との間には断熱材が介装され、上記外装下地材の屋外側には外装材が外装下地材との間に通気路を形成するように胴縁を介して張設されていることを特徴とする。
【００１８】
上記の構成により、請求項２に記載の発明では、外装下地材があるため、その分だけ壁構造の強度が増す。
【００１９】
さらに、外装下地材は多孔質材又は繊維質材で構成されて透湿抵抗が低いため、壁内に入った湿気が外装下地材を速やかに通過して通気路に移行する。また、断熱材を室内側から介装しても、該断熱材は上記外装下地材に遮られて通気路に膨出せず、所定幅の通気路が確保されるため、上記外装下地材を通過して通気路に移行した高温多湿の湿気が屋外にスムーズに排出され、内部結露が防止されて断熱材の濡れによる断熱効果の低下や構造材の腐食が防止される。
【００２０】
また、多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる外装下地材は、構造用合板や木質系面材等に比べて軟らかいため、ステープルの侵入抵抗が低く、ステープルが途中で曲がったり、ステープルが完全に打ち込まれずにその頭部が外装下地材から突出した状態になる施工不備がなくなり、ステープルが正確に打ち込まれる。
【００２１】
加えて、外装下地材の継ぎ目に貼着された防水テープによって該継ぎ目からの水漏れが防止される。この際、防水テープの上からステープルで止めれば、防水テープの粘着力が低下しても、防水テープはステープルで止められて剥がれず、外装下地材の継ぎ目の防水が確実に行われる。
【００２２】
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の建物の壁構造において、構造材は軸組材であり、該軸組材の隅柱の中心と他の柱の中心とは同一線上にあり、外装下地材の厚みは、上記隅柱の断面寸法と他の柱の断面寸法との差の１／２に設定されていることを特徴とする。
【００２３】
上記の構成により、請求項３に記載の発明では、外装下地材を隅柱間の他の柱に沿わせるだけで外装下地材と隅柱とが段差なく面一になり、面一にするための手法として、全ての柱を断面寸法の同じものに統一したり、あるいは隅柱の中心に対して他の柱の中心をずらせたりする必要がなく、施工が容易になる。
【００２４】
請求項４，５に記載の発明は、後者の壁施工方法に関するものであり、そのうち、請求項４に記載の発明は、建物の骨格をなす構造材の屋外側に多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する外装下地材をステープルの連打により張設し、次いで、上記外装下地材の屋外側に透湿防水シートをステープルの連打により張設し、その後、上記透湿防水シートの屋外側に外装材を透湿防水シートとの間に通気路が形成されるように胴縁を介して張設し、一方、上記構造材の室内側に内装材を上記外装下地材との間に断熱材を介在させて張設することを特徴とする。
【００２５】
上記の構成により、請求項４に記載の発明では、外装下地材がステープルの連打により構造材に張設され、透湿防水シートもステープルの連打により上記外装下地材に張設されるため、施工に手間がかからず、請求項１に記載の効果を奏する壁構造が短時間に効率良く施工される。
【００２６】
請求項５に記載の発明は、建物の骨格をなす構造材の屋外側に防水処理が施された多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する複数枚の外装下地材をステープルの連打により張設しかつ外装下地材の継ぎ目に防水テープを貼着し、次いで、上記外装下地材の屋外側に外装材を外装下地材との間に通気路が形成されるように胴縁を介して張設し、一方、上記構造材の室内側に内装材を上記外装下地材との間に断熱材を介在させて張設することを特徴とする。
【００２７】
上記の構成により、請求項５に記載の発明では、外装下地材がステープルの連打により構造材に張設されるため、施工に手間がかからず、請求項２に記載の効果を奏する壁構造が短時間に効率良く施工される。
【００２８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。
【００２９】
（実施形態１）
図１及び図２はこの発明の実施形態１に係る建物の壁構造を示す。この壁構造は、枠組壁工法（ツーバイフォー工法）によるものであり、建物の骨格をなす構造材（枠組材）１を備えている。該構造材１は、複数本の縦枠２と、該縦枠２の上端を連結する上枠（図示せず）と、上記縦枠２の下端を連結する下枠（図示せず）とで構成されている。
【００３０】
上記構造材１の屋外側には、多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する外装下地材３がステープル４の打ち込みにより張設されているとともに、室内側には、内装材５がステープル（図示せず）の打ち込みにより張設され、これら外装下地材３と内装材５との間には、断熱材６が介装されている。
【００３１】
上記外装下地材３の屋外側には、透湿防水シート７がステープル４の打ち込みにより張設され、該透湿防水シート７の屋外側には、外装材８が透湿防水シート７との間に通気路９を形成するように胴縁１０を介して釘やネジ等の固定金具（図示せず）の打ち込みにより張設されている。図中、１１はコーナー部に立設された受材、１２は外装材８のコーナー部の継ぎ目を覆うカバー材である。なお、内装材５は釘やネジ等の固定金具の打ち込みにより張設してもよい。このことは以下に述べる他の実施形態についても同様である。
【００３２】
上記構造材１は、製材、集成材、ディメンション・ランバー（公称厚さが２インチ以上５インチ未満、幅２インチ以上の針葉樹で、材面が寸法加工された構造用材）、ＬＶＬ（単板積層材／ＬａｍｉｎａｔｅｄＶｅｎｅｅｒＬｕｍｂｅｒ）、ＰＳＬ（ＰａｒａｌｌｅｄＳｔｒａｎｄＬｕｍｂｅｒ）等からなる。
【００３３】
上記外装下地材３は、ダイライト（大建工業（株）製）、火山性ガラス質複層板、木質繊維板、ロックウール繊維板等の多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる。この外装下地材３は、透湿抵抗が２５×１０^８（ｍ^２・Ｓ・Ｐａ／ｋｇ）以下のものを使用した方が壁内の湿気を屋外側へ通しやすく、壁内結露を生じさせ難いので好ましい。その一例を下記の表１に構造用合板と共に挙げる。また、外装下地材３の厚さは５〜３０ｍｍでよいが、７〜１２ｍｍが施工性、部材強度、コスト等を考慮するとより好ましい。なお、表１中、構造用合板を除く他の木質繊維板及び多孔質板は大建工業（株）製である。
【００３４】
【表１】

【００３５】
上記透湿防水シート７は、湿気を通す透湿性と水分を通さない防水性とを備えるとともに、優れた強度を兼ね備えたものであり、例えば、厚みが０．１〜０．２ｍｍのポリエチレン多孔質フィルムやポリエステル不織布等である。具体例を挙げると、透湿防水Ｌシート（大建工業（株）製）等である。
【００３６】
上記断熱材６は、外壁と室内側とを熱的に遮断する機能を有するものであり、必要とする断熱性能をもつ厚さであれば特に限定せず、グラスウール、ロックウール等の無機繊維系断熱材や、ビーズ法ポリスチレンフォーム、ポリエチレンフォーム、押出法ポリスチレンフォーム、フェノールフォーム保温板、硬質ウレタンフォーム、吹付け硬質ウレクンブオームといった発泡系断熱材や、シージングボード、タタミボード、吹込み用セルロースファイバー等の木質繊維系断熱材、さらにはウール等天然系断熱材等がある。
【００３７】
上記内装材５は、内装下地材に内装仕上材を施工したもの、内装下地材に表面化粧を施して仕上げ材を兼用するもの等、特に限定しない。内装下地材としては、石膏ボード、ケイ酸カルシウム、スラグ石膏板、モルタル、ＡＬＣや上記面材に粘土鉱物、多孔質材料、ホルムアルデヒドキャッチャー剤を添加して調湿・吸着や呼吸性能を持たせたもの、粘土鉱物の焼成板、合板、ＭＤＦ、パーティクルボード等の木材がある。内装仕上材としては、塩化ビニル壁紙、オレフィン壁紙、紙壁紙、絹や麻、綿等の天然素材やレーヨン、ポリエステル等の合成・再生素材を原料とした布壁紙、珪藻土を原料とした壁紙等がある。
【００３８】
上記外装下地材３、内装材５及び透湿防水シート７を張設するステープル４は、コの字状でその長さは内装材５等の厚みより長いものがよく、連打が可能な工具、例えばタッカーにより連続的に打ち込まれる。
【００３９】
次に、この実施形態１における壁施工方法を説明する。
【００４０】
まず、構造材１の屋外側に多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する外装下地材３をステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより張設する。
【００４１】
次いで、上記外装下地材３の屋外側に透湿防水シート７をステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより張設する。
【００４２】
その後、上記透湿防水シート７の屋外側に外装材８を透湿防水シート７との間に通気路９が形成されるように胴縁１０及び受材１１を介して釘やネジ等の固定金具の連打による打ち込みにより張設し、外装材８のコーナー部の継ぎ目をカバー材１２で覆う。
【００４３】
一方、上記構造材１の室内側に内装材５を上記外装下地材３との間に断熱材６を介在させてステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより張設する。
【００４４】
このように、実施形態１では、外装下地材３を構造材１の屋外側に張設していることから、外装下地材３がある分だけ壁構造を強化することができる。
【００４５】
さらに、外装下地材３を多孔質材又は繊維質材で構成して透湿抵抗を低くしていることから、壁内に入った湿気を外装下地材３及び透湿防水シート７を経て速やかに通気路９に移行させることができる。また、室内側から介装した断熱材６を外装下地材３で遮って通気路９に膨出しないようにしていることから、所定幅の通気路９を確保して高温多湿の湿気を屋外にスムーズに排出することができ、内部結露を防止して断熱材６の濡れによる断熱効果の低下や構造材１の腐食を防止することができる。
【００４６】
また、外装下地材３は多孔質材又は繊維質材からなることから、構造用合板や木質系面材等に比べて軟らかく、ステープル４の侵入抵抗が低く、ステープル４が途中で曲がったり、ステープル４が完全に打ち込まれずにその頭部が外装下地材３等から突出した状態になる施工不備をなくすことができ、ステープル４を正確に打ち込むことができる。
【００４７】
加えて、外装下地材３、内装材５及び透湿防水シート７をステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより張設することから、手間を掛けることなく施工することができ、上述の如き効果を奏する壁構造を短時間に効率良く施工することができる。
【００４８】
（実施形態２）
図３はこの発明の実施形態２に係る壁構造を示す。この壁構造は木造軸組工法によるものであり、建物の骨格をなす構造材（軸組材）１を備えている。該構造材１は、土台１３と、その上方に配設された胴差１４と、上記土台１３と胴差１４との間に間隔をあけて立設されて両者を連結する複数本の柱１５と、隣り合う柱１５の間に立設された１本の間柱１６とで構成され、この構造材１に外装下地材３がステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより縦張りされている。なお、図３では、透湿防水シート７，外装材８及び胴縁１０は省略しているが、実施形態１と同様に構成されている。
【００４９】
したがって、この実施形態２では、実施形態１と同様の効果を奏することができる。
【００５０】
（実施形態３）
図４はこの発明の実施形態３に係る壁構造を示す。この壁構造は実施形態２と同じく木造軸組工法によるものであり、構造材１の上下方向中程から上側には受材１１が横架されている。そして、外装下地材３が構造材１の上側にステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより横張りされているとともに、下側に縦張りされているほかは、実施形態２と同様に構成されているので、同一の構成箇所には同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。
【００５１】
したがって、この実施形態３においても、実施形態１と同様の効果を奏することができる。
【００５２】
（実施形態４）
図５はこの発明の実施形態４に係る壁構造を示す。この壁構造は、実施形態１と同様に枠組壁工法（ツーバイフォー工法）によるものである。この図５では、実施形態１で図示しなかった上枠１７及び下枠１８が表れており、構造材１の上下方向中程には受材１１が横架されている。そして、これら上枠１７、下枠１８、縦枠２及び受材１１からなる構造材（枠組材）１に外装下地材３がステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより上下２段に横張りされている。また、上記構造材１は、コンクリート製の基礎１９上に設けられた土台２０に複数本の根太２１を介して支持されている。２２は床板である。そのほかは実施形態１と同様に構成されているので、同一の構成箇所には同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。
【００５３】
したがって、この実施形態４も、実施形態１と同様に効果を奏することができる。
【００５４】
（実施形態５）
図６はこの発明の実施形態５に係る壁構造を示し、この壁構造は実施形態２と同じく木造軸組工法によるものである。この実施形態５では、透湿防水シート７がない代わりに、その機能は外装下地材３′が兼備している。つまり、建物の骨格をなす構造材（軸組材）１は、基礎１９上に設けられた土台１３と、その上方に配設された胴差（図示せず）と、上記土台１３と胴差との間に間隔をあけて立設されて両者を連結する複数本の柱１５と、隣り合う柱１５の間に立設された複数本の間柱１６とで構成されている。
【００５５】
上記構造材１の屋外側には、防水処理が施された多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する複数枚の外装下地材３′がステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより横張りされ、かつ外装下地材３′の継ぎ目には防水テープ２３が貼着されている。この防水テープ２３の上からもステープル４が連打により打ち込まれている。また、構造材１の室内側には内装材５がステープル（図示せず）の連打による打ち込みにより張設され、これら外装下地材３′と内装材５との間には、断熱材６が介装されている。また、上記防水テープ２３は、外装下地材３′と窓枠２４との境目や構造材１の外周にも貼着されている。
【００５６】
上記外装下地材３の屋外側には、外装材８が外装下地材３′との間に通気路９を形成するように胴縁１０を介して釘やネジ等の固定金具（図示せず）の打ち込みにより横張りされている。
【００５７】
上記外装下地材３′としては、木質繊維板の表面に通気性撥水剤を塗布した高耐力シージングボード（例えば、スーパーα（大建工業（株）製）が挙げられるが、これに限らない。
【００５８】
上記防水テープ２３は、防水機能があるものであればその種類は問わないが、例えば、粘着剤としてブチルゴム系、アクリル系、ゴムアスファルト系の粘着剤を使用したもの等であり、接着剤を併用してもよい。
【００５９】
そのほかは実施形態１と同様に構成されているので、その詳細な説明を省略する。
【００６０】
次に、この実施形態５における壁施工方法を説明する。
【００６１】
まず、構造材１の屋外側に、防水処理が施された多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する複数枚の外装下地材３′をステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより横張りする。
【００６２】
次いで、上記外装下地材３′の継ぎ目や、外装下地材３′と窓枠２４との境目に防水テープ２３を貼着し、該防水テープ２３の上からステープル４を連打により打ち込む。
【００６３】
その後、上記外装下地材３′の屋外側に外装材８を外装下地材３′との間に通気路９が形成されるように胴縁１０を介して釘やネジ等の固定金具の連打による打ち込みにより横張りする。
【００６４】
一方、上記構造材１の室内側に内装材５を上記外装下地材３′との間に断熱材６を介在させてステープル４の連打による打ち込みにより張設する。
【００６５】
したがって、この実施形態５も、実施形態１と同様に効果を奏することができる。
【００６６】
加えて、この実施形態５では、外装下地材３′の継ぎ目、外装下地材３′と窓枠２４との境目及び構造材１の外周に防水テープ２３を貼着していることから、該継ぎ目や境目及び構造材１の外周からの水漏れを防止することができる。また、防水テープ２３の上からステープル４の連打による打ち込みを行っているので、防水テープ２３の粘着力が低下しても、防水テープ２３をステープル４で止めて剥がれないようにでき、外装下地材３′の継ぎ目や、外装下地材３′と窓枠２４との境目の防水を確実に行うことができる。
【００６７】
（実施形態６）
図７はこの発明の実施形態６に係る壁構造を示し、この壁構造は実施形態５と同じく木造軸組工法によるものであって窓枠２４を有する。この実施形態６では実施形態１〜４と同様に透湿防水シート７が張設されている。また、防水テープ２３は外装下地材３と窓枠２４との境目にだけ貼着されている。そのほかは実施形態５と同様に構成されている。なお、透湿防水シート７を横張りとしたが、縦張りでもよい。
【００６８】
したがって、この実施形態６も、実施形態１と同様に効果を奏することができる。
【００６９】
加えて、この実施形態６では、透湿防水シート７と防水テープ２３との併用により防水性能をさらに向上させることができる。
【００７０】
（実施形態７）
図８はこの発明の実施形態７に係る壁構造を示し、実施形態２と同じく木造軸組工法によるものである。この実施形態７では、構造材（軸組材）１のコーナー部にある柱（隅柱）１５の中心と、他の柱である間柱１６及び管柱２５の中心とが同一線Ｘ上にある。また、外装下地材３の厚みは、上記柱（隅柱）１５の断面寸法と、他の柱である間柱１６及び管柱２５の断面寸法との差の１／２に設定されている。図８中、１１は受材である。
【００７１】
したがって、外装下地材３及び内装材５を柱（隅柱）１５間の他の柱である間柱１６及び管柱２５に沿わせるだけで、外装下地材３及び内装材５と柱（隅柱）１５とを段差なく面一にすることができ、面一にするための手法として、全ての柱を断面寸法の同じものに統一したり、あるいは柱（隅柱）１５の中心に対して他の柱である間柱１６及び管柱２５の中心をずらせたりせずに済み、施工を容易に行うことができる。
【００７２】
そのほかは実施形態２と同様に構成されているので、同一の構成箇所には同一の符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略することとし、当然、この実施形態７も実施形態１と同様に効果を奏することができる。
【００７３】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項１に係る発明によれば、構造材の屋外側に多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する外装下地材をステープルの打ち込みにより張設するとともに、該外装下地材の屋外側に透湿防水シートをステープルの打ち込みにより張設したので、外装下地材により壁構造の強度を増大することができる。また、上記外装下地材があることで断熱材の通気路への膨出を規制して通気性を確保することができるとともに、外装下地材が多孔質材又は繊維質材で構成されて透湿抵抗が低いこととも相俟って高温多湿の湿気を屋外にスムーズに排出して内部結露を防止でき、断熱材の濡れによる断熱効果の低下や構造材の腐食を防止することができる。さらに、多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる外装下地材は、構造用合板や木質系面材等に比べて軟らかいので、ステープルを確実に打ち込むことができて施工不備をなくすことができる。
【００７４】
請求項２に係る発明によれば、防水処理が施された多孔質材又は繊維質材からなる透湿性を有する複数枚の外装下地材を構造材の屋外側にステープルの打ち込みにより張設しかつ外装下地材の継ぎ目に防水テープを貼着したので、請求項１と同様の効果に加えて、外装下地材の継ぎ目からの水漏れを防止することができる。
【００７５】
請求項３に係る発明によれば、軸組材の隅柱の中心と他の柱の中心とを同一線上にあるようにし、外装下地材の厚みを上記隅柱の断面寸法と他の柱の断面寸法との差の１／２に設定したので、外装下地材を隅柱間の他の柱に沿わせるだけで外装下地材と隅柱とを段差なく面一にすることができ、面一にするための手法として、全ての柱を断面寸法の同じものに統一したり、あるいは隅柱の中心に対して他の柱の中心をずらせたりすることなく施工を容易に行うことができる。
【００７６】
請求項４に係る発明によれば、外装下地材及び透湿防水シートを共にステープルの連打により構造材に張設するので、請求項１に記載の効果を奏する壁構造を手間取ることなく短時間に効率良く施工することができる。
【００７７】
請求項５に係る発明によれば、外装下地材をステープルの連打により張設しかつ外装下地材の継ぎ目に防水テープを貼着するので、請求項２に記載の効果を奏する壁構造を手間取ることなく短時間に効率良く施工することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施形態１に係る壁構造の斜視図である。
【図２】この発明の実施形態１に係る壁構造の横断面図である。
【図３】この発明の実施形態２に係る壁構造の正面図である。
【図４】この発明の実施形態３に係る壁構造の正面図である。
【図５】この発明の実施形態４に係る壁構造の斜視図である。
【図６】この発明の実施形態５に係る壁構造の斜視図である。
【図７】この発明の実施形態６に係る壁構造の斜視図である。
【図８】この発明の実施形態７に係る壁構造の横断面図である。
【図９】従来例の壁構造の横断面図である。
【図１０】従来例の壁構造の縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１構造材
３，３′ 外装下地材
４ステープル
５内装材
６断熱材
７透湿防水シート
９通気路
１０胴縁
１５隅柱
１６間柱
２３防水テープ
２５管柱[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wall structure and a wall construction method for a building having high heat insulation and high airtightness.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in order to achieve high insulation and high airtightness of buildings, exterior base materials and moisture-permeable waterproof sheets are stretched on the outdoor side of the structural material that forms the framework of the building. A wall structure is known, in which an exterior material is stretched through an intervening material, and an interior material is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material by interposing a heat insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool between the pillars and studs as the structural materials. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In the conventional example of Patent Document 1, an exterior base material is stretched on a structural material, and a moisture permeable waterproof sheet is stretched on the exterior base material to form a ventilation path between the exterior material and the base material. Moisture entering the wall is discharged outside through the ventilation path. The width of this ventilation path needs to be at least 12 mm, preferably 18 mm, in order to discharge moisture efficiently.
[0004]
Also, in the embodiment of Patent Document 1, the exterior base material is eliminated, and a moisture-permeable sheet is directly stretched over the structural material to form a ventilation path between the exterior material and the moisture-permeable sheet. Is discharged outside through the ventilation path. As described above, the reason why the exterior base material is eliminated in the embodiment is that the presence of an exterior base material such as a structural plywood having a high moisture-permeation resistance hinders the discharge of moisture to the outside.
[0005]
Further, the exterior base material and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet are fixed to the structural material by driving nails at predetermined intervals.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-364091 (

pages

3, 4; FIG. 2)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the exterior base material is eliminated as in the embodiment of Patent Document 1, the strength of the wall structure is reduced.
[0008]
Further, since the work of interposing the heat insulating material on the structural material is generally performed from the indoor side, if the heat insulating material is filled into the wall at a high density according to recent energy saving specifications, as shown in FIGS. The material a swells to the outdoor side (the lower side in FIG. 9 and the left side in FIG. 10) to block the ventilation path b. In particular, when the high-temperature and high-humidity moisture stays in the wall and condenses in winter, the heat insulating material a It becomes wet and reduces the heat insulating effect and causes the structural material to rot. 9 and 10, c is a column constituting a structural material, d is a base provided on a foundation e, f is an interior material on the indoor side, g is an exterior material on the outdoor side, h is a moisture-permeable sheet, i is a waistline.
[0009]
In addition, when fixing the exterior base material or the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to the structural material by driving nails, if the nails are driven one by one, it takes time and effort to perform the work, resulting in poor work efficiency.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object thereof is to secure strength and prevent internal dew condensation, and to improve construction efficiency.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by specifying the material of the exterior base material and devising a method of stretching the exterior base material and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet.
[0012]
Specifically, the present invention is directed to a wall structure of a building and a wall construction method, and has taken the following solutions.
[0013]
That is, the inventions according to claims 1 to 3 relate to the former wall structure. Among them, the invention according to claim 1 includes a structural material that forms a skeleton of a building, and is provided on an outdoor side of the structural material. A permeable exterior base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is stretched by driving in staples and an interior material is stretched on the indoor side, and between the exterior base material and the interior material, A heat insulating material is interposed, and a moisture permeable waterproof sheet is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material by driving in staples, and an exterior material is provided between the moisture permeable waterproof sheet and the outdoor side of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet. It is characterized in that it is stretched through the body edge so as to form an air passage.
[0014]
According to the configuration described above, in the first aspect of the present invention, since the exterior base material is present, the strength of the wall structure is increased by that amount.
[0015]
Furthermore, since the exterior base material is made of a porous material or a fibrous material and has a low moisture permeability resistance, moisture entering the wall quickly passes through the exterior base material and passes through the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet to the ventilation path. I do. Further, even when the heat insulating material is interposed from the indoor side, the heat insulating material is not blocked by the exterior base material and does not bulge into the ventilation path, and a ventilation path of a predetermined width is secured. The high-temperature and high-humidity moisture that has passed through the moisture waterproof sheet and moved to the ventilation path is smoothly discharged to the outside, and internal dew condensation is prevented, so that the insulation effect is reduced due to the wetting of the insulation material and the structural material is prevented from being corroded.
[0016]
In addition, since the exterior base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is softer than structural plywood or a wood-based surface material, the penetration resistance of staples is low, the staples bend in the middle, or the staples are completely driven. The staples are accurately driven in without the construction defect that the head protrudes from the exterior base material without being removed.
[0017]
The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a structural material constituting a skeleton of a building, and a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior members made of a waterproofed porous or fibrous material are provided on the outdoor side of the structural material. The base material is stretched by driving staples, waterproof tape is stuck to the joint of the exterior base material, and the interior material is stretched on the indoor side, and heat insulation is provided between the exterior base material and the interior material A material is interposed, and the exterior material is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material via a trunk edge so as to form a ventilation path between the exterior base material and the exterior base material.
[0018]
According to the configuration described above, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the exterior base material is present, the strength of the wall structure is increased by that much.
[0019]
Further, since the exterior base material is made of a porous material or a fibrous material and has a low moisture permeability resistance, the moisture entering the wall quickly passes through the exterior base material and moves to the ventilation path. Further, even if the heat insulating material is interposed from the indoor side, the heat insulating material is not blocked by the exterior base material and does not swell into the ventilation path, and a ventilation path of a predetermined width is secured, so that the heat insulation material passes through the exterior base material. The high-temperature and high-humidity that has migrated to the ventilation path is smoothly discharged to the outside, and internal dew condensation is prevented, so that a decrease in the heat insulating effect due to the wetting of the heat insulating material and a corrosion of the structural material are prevented.
[0020]
In addition, since the exterior base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is softer than structural plywood or a wood-based surface material, the penetration resistance of staples is low, the staples bend in the middle, or the staples are completely driven. The staples are accurately driven in without the construction defect that the head protrudes from the exterior base material without being removed.
[0021]
In addition, water leakage from the seam is prevented by the waterproof tape attached to the seam of the exterior base material. At this time, if the waterproof tape is stapled over the waterproof tape, even if the adhesive strength of the waterproof tape is reduced, the waterproof tape is stopped by the staple and does not come off, so that the seam of the exterior base material is reliably waterproofed.
[0022]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wall structure of a building according to the first or second aspect, the structural member is a frame member, and a center of a corner post of the frame member and a center of another column are the same. It is on the line, and the thickness of the exterior base material is set to の of the difference between the cross-sectional dimension of the corner post and the cross-sectional dimension of the other post.
[0023]
According to the above configuration, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the exterior base material and the corner pillars are flush with each other without any step only by causing the exterior foundation material to follow the other pillar between the corner pillars. As a method, there is no need to unify all the pillars to have the same cross-sectional dimension or to shift the center of the other pillar with respect to the center of the corner pillar, which facilitates construction.
[0024]
The invention according to

claims

4 and 5 relates to the latter wall construction method, wherein the invention according to claim 4 relates to a porous material or a fibrous material on the outdoor side of a structural material constituting a skeleton of a building. A moisture-permeable exterior base material consisting of: is stretched by continuous tapping of staples, and then a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material by continuous tapping of staples. The exterior material is stretched through the rim so that a ventilation path is formed between the exterior material and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, while the interior material is placed between the exterior base material and the interior material on the indoor side of the structural material. It is characterized by being stretched with a heat insulating material interposed.
[0025]
According to the above configuration, in the invention according to claim 4, the exterior base material is stretched on the structural material by continuous staple tapping, and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is also stretched on the exterior base material by continuous staple hitting. The wall structure having the effects described in claim 1 can be efficiently constructed in a short time.
[0026]
The invention according to claim 5 is that a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior base materials made of a porous material or a fibrous material subjected to a waterproof treatment on the outdoor side of a structural material forming a framework of a building are successively hit with staples. Waterproof tape is attached to the seam of the exterior base material, and then the exterior material is placed on the outdoor side of the exterior base material through the trunk edge so that a ventilation path is formed between the exterior base material and the exterior tape. On the other hand, the interior material is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material with a heat insulating material interposed between the interior material and the exterior base material.
[0027]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the exterior base material is stretched on the structural material by continuous staples, no trouble is required in the construction, and the wall structure having the effect according to the second aspect is achieved. Is installed efficiently in a short time.
[0028]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0029]
(Embodiment 1)
1 and 2 show a wall structure of a building according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This wall structure is based on a framing wall construction method (two-by-four construction method), and includes a structural material (framing material) 1 which forms a framework of a building. The structural material 1 includes a plurality of vertical frames 2, an upper frame (not shown) connecting the upper ends of the vertical frames 2, and a lower frame (not shown) connecting the lower ends of the vertical frames 2. It is configured.
[0030]
On the outdoor side of the structural material 1, an exterior base material 3 made of a porous material or a fibrous material and having moisture permeability is stretched by driving staples 4, and on the indoor side, an interior material 5 is stapled. (Not shown), and a heat insulating material 6 is interposed between the exterior base material 3 and the interior material 5.
[0031]
On the outdoor side of the exterior base material 3, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 is stretched by driving staples 4. On the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7, an exterior material 8 is It is stretched by driving a fixture (not shown) such as a nail or a screw through a body edge 10 so as to form a ventilation path 9. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a receiving material provided upright at a corner portion, and reference numeral 12 denotes a cover material for covering a joint at the corner portion of the exterior material 8. Note that the interior material 5 may be stretched by driving in a fixing metal such as a nail or a screw. This is the same for the other embodiments described below.
[0032]
The structural material 1 is lumber, laminated lumber, dimension lumber (a structural material having a nominal thickness of 2 inches or more and less than 5 inches and a width of 2 inches or more and softened and whose surface is dimensioned), LVL (single veneer laminate) Material / Laminated Vener Number, PSL (Paralled Strand Number) and the like.
[0033]
The exterior base material 3 is made of a porous or fibrous material such as Dylite (manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.), a volcanic glassy multi-layer board, a wood fiber board, and a rock wool fiber board. This exterior base material 3 has a moisture permeability resistance of 25 × 10 ⁸ (M ² (S · Pa / kg) or less is preferable because moisture in the wall can be easily passed to the outdoor side and dew condensation in the wall hardly occurs. An example is given in Table 1 below together with structural plywood. The thickness of the exterior base material 3 may be 5 to 30 mm, but is more preferably 7 to 12 mm in consideration of workability, member strength, cost, and the like. In Table 1, the wood fiberboard and the porous board other than the structural plywood are manufactured by Daiken Kogyo.
[0034]
[Table 1]

[0035]
The moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 has both moisture permeability and moisture-proof waterproofness, and also has excellent strength. For example, a polyethylene porous sheet having a thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 mm is used. Examples include films and polyester nonwoven fabrics. Specific examples include a moisture-permeable waterproof L sheet (manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
[0036]
The heat insulating material 6 has a function of thermally insulating the outer wall from the indoor side, and is not particularly limited as long as it has a required heat insulating performance. Inorganic fiber materials such as glass wool and rock wool can be used. Insulation materials, foamed insulation materials such as polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, extruded polystyrene foam, phenol foam insulation board, rigid urethane foam, and sprayed hard urethane foam, bead method polystyrene foam, sizing board, tatami board, and cellulose fiber for blowing. There are wood fiber-based heat insulating materials, and natural heat insulating materials such as wool.
[0037]
The interior material 5 is not particularly limited, for example, a material in which an interior finishing material is applied to an interior base material, a material in which a surface decoration is applied to the interior base material and which also serves as a finishing material. As interior base materials, gypsum board, calcium silicate, slag gypsum board, mortar, ALC and the above surface materials were added with clay mineral, porous material, formaldehyde catcher agent to provide humidity control, adsorption and breathing performance. There are woods such as sinter, clay mineral fired board, plywood, MDF, and particle board. As interior finishing materials, vinyl chloride wallpaper, olefin wallpaper, paper wallpaper, cloth wallpaper made of natural materials such as silk, hemp and cotton, synthetic and recycled materials such as rayon and polyester, and wallpaper made of diatomaceous earth are used. is there.
[0038]
The staple 4 on which the exterior base material 3, the interior material 5 and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 are stretched has a U-shape, the length of which is longer than the thickness of the interior material 5, etc. For example, continuously driven by a tucker.
[0039]
Next, the wall construction method according to the first embodiment will be described.
[0040]
First, a moisture-permeable exterior base material 3 made of a porous material or a fibrous material is stretched on the outdoor side of the structural material 1 by driving the staples 4 by continuous driving.
[0041]
Next, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material 3 by driving the staples 4 by continuous tapping.
[0042]
Thereafter, the exterior material 8 is fixed on the outdoor side of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 7 with nails, screws, and the like via the rim 10 and the receiving material 11 so that a ventilation path 9 is formed between the exterior material 8 and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 7. The fitting is stretched by continuous striking, and the joint at the corner of the exterior material 8 is covered with the cover material 12.
[0043]
On the other hand, the interior material 5 is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material 1 by driving the staples 4 with the heat insulating material 6 interposed between the interior material 5 and the exterior base material 3.
[0044]
As described above, in the first embodiment, since the exterior base material 3 is stretched on the outdoor side of the structural material 1, the wall structure can be reinforced by the amount of the exterior base material 3.
[0045]
Further, since the exterior base material 3 is made of a porous material or a fibrous material to reduce moisture permeability resistance, moisture entering the wall can be quickly passed through the exterior base material 3 and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 7. The air can be transferred to the air passage 9. Further, since the heat insulating material 6 interposed from the indoor side is shielded by the exterior base material 3 so as not to swell into the ventilation path 9, a ventilation path 9 having a predetermined width is secured to allow high-temperature and high-humidity moisture to be passed outdoors. The heat can be discharged smoothly, and the internal dew can be prevented, so that the heat insulation effect of the heat insulating material 6 can be prevented from lowering and the structural material 1 can be prevented from corroding.
[0046]
Further, since the exterior base material 3 is made of a porous material or a fibrous material, it is softer than structural plywood or a wood-based surface material, has a lower penetration resistance of the staple 4, and the staple 4 bends or staples in the middle. It is possible to eliminate a construction defect in which the head is protruded from the exterior base material 3 or the like without completely driving the staple 4, and the staple 4 can be driven accurately.
[0047]
In addition, since the exterior base material 3, the interior material 5, and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet 7 are stretched by driving the staples 4 by continuous hitting, the construction can be performed without any trouble, and the wall structure having the above-described effect can be obtained. Can be constructed efficiently in a short time.
[0048]
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 shows a wall structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This wall structure is based on a wooden frame construction method, and includes a structural member (frame member) 1 which forms a framework of a building. The structural material 1 includes a base 13, a body difference 14 disposed above the base 13, and a plurality of pillars 15 erected at an interval between the base 13 and the body difference 14 to connect them. And one stud 16 erected between the adjacent posts 15, and the exterior base material 3 is vertically stretched into the structural material 1 by continuous staple 4 driving. In FIG. 3, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7, the exterior material 8, and the body edge 10 are omitted, but have the same configuration as in the first embodiment.
[0049]
Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0050]
(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 shows a wall structure according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. This wall structure is based on a wooden frame construction method as in the second embodiment, and a receiving member 11 is suspended from the middle in the vertical direction of the structural material 1 to the upper side. The exterior base material 3 is configured in the same manner as in the second embodiment, except that the exterior base material 3 is horizontally stretched on the upper side of the structural material 1 by continuous driving of the staples 4 and vertically stretched on the lower side. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0051]
Therefore, also in the third embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
[0052]
(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 5 shows a wall structure according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. This wall structure is based on the framing wall construction method (two-by-four construction method) as in the first embodiment. In FIG. 5, an upper frame 17 and a lower frame 18, which are not shown in the first embodiment, are shown, and the receiving material 11 is suspended in the middle of the structural material 1 in the vertical direction. The exterior base material 3 is horizontally laid in two upper and lower stages by continuously driving the staples 4 into the structural material (frame assembly material) 1 including the upper frame 17, the lower frame 18, the vertical frame 2, and the receiving material 11. The structural material 1 is supported via a plurality of joists 21 on a base 20 provided on a concrete foundation 19. 22 is a floor plate. Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0053]
Therefore, the fourth embodiment can provide the same effects as the first embodiment.
[0054]
(Embodiment 5)
FIG. 6 shows a wall structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the second embodiment by a wooden frame construction method. In the fifth embodiment, instead of having the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7, the function is also provided by the exterior base material 3 '. That is, the structural material (frame assembly material) 1 that forms the framework of the building is composed of a base 13 provided on a foundation 19, a body difference (not shown) provided above the base 13, And a plurality of pillars 15 erected at an interval between them to connect the two, and a plurality of studs 16 erected between adjacent pillars 15.
[0055]
On the outdoor side of the structural material 1, a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior base materials 3 ′ made of a porous material or a fibrous material subjected to a waterproof treatment are laterally stretched by driving the staples 4 by continuous tapping, and A waterproof tape 23 is adhered to the joint of the exterior base material 3 '. The staples 4 are also driven from above the waterproof tape 23 by continuous tapping. On the indoor side of the structural material 1, an interior material 5 is stretched by continuous driving of staples (not shown), and a heat insulating material 6 is interposed between the exterior base material 3 'and the interior material 5. Is equipped. The waterproof tape 23 is also attached to the boundary between the exterior base material 3 ′ and the window frame 24 and the outer periphery of the structural material 1.
[0056]
On the outdoor side of the exterior base material 3, a fixing bracket (not shown) such as a nail or a screw is provided through the body edge 10 so that the exterior material 8 forms a ventilation path 9 with the exterior base material 3 ′. It is stretched by driving.
[0057]
Examples of the exterior base material 3 ′ include, but are not limited to, a high-strength sizing board (for example, Super α (manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.)) in which a breathable water repellent is applied to the surface of a wood fiber board. .
[0058]
The type of the waterproof tape 23 is not limited as long as it has a waterproof function. For example, a butyl rubber-based, acrylic-based, rubber asphalt-based adhesive is used as an adhesive, and an adhesive is used in combination. May be.
[0059]
The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[0060]
Next, a wall construction method according to the fifth embodiment will be described.
[0061]
First, on the outdoor side of the structural material 1, a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior base materials 3 ′ made of a waterproof or porous material or a fibrous material are laid laterally by driving the staples 4.
[0062]
Next, a waterproof tape 23 is adhered to a joint of the exterior base material 3 ′ and a boundary between the exterior base material 3 ′ and the window frame 24, and the staples 4 are driven over the waterproof tape 23 by continuous tapping.
[0063]
Thereafter, the exterior material 8 is placed on the outdoor side of the exterior base material 3 'by continuous tapping of fixing metal such as nails or screws through the rim 10 so that a ventilation path 9 is formed between the exterior material 8 and the exterior base material 3'. Stretch horizontally by driving.
[0064]
On the other hand, the interior material 5 is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material 1 by driving the staples 4 by continuous striking with the heat insulating material 6 interposed between the interior material 5 and the exterior base material 3 ′.
[0065]
Therefore, the fifth embodiment can provide the same effects as the first embodiment.
[0066]
In addition, in the fifth embodiment, the waterproof tape 23 is attached to the joint of the exterior base material 3 ′, the boundary between the exterior base material 3 ′ and the window frame 24, and the outer periphery of the structural material 1. And water leakage from the boundary and the outer periphery of the structural material 1 can be prevented. Further, since the staples 4 are continuously driven from above the waterproof tape 23, even if the adhesive strength of the waterproof tape 23 is reduced, the waterproof tape 23 can be stopped with the staples 4 so that the waterproof tape 23 does not come off. The waterproofing of the joint 3 'and the boundary between the exterior base material 3' and the window frame 24 can be reliably performed.
[0067]
(Embodiment 6)
FIG. 7 shows a wall structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. This wall structure is the same as that of the fifth embodiment by a wooden frame construction method and has a window frame 24. In the sixth embodiment, similarly to the first to fourth embodiments, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 is stretched. Further, the waterproof tape 23 is attached only at the boundary between the exterior base material 3 and the window frame 24. Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment. In addition, although the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 was horizontal, it may be vertical.
[0068]
Therefore, the sixth embodiment can also provide the same effects as the first embodiment.
[0069]
In addition, in the sixth embodiment, the waterproof performance can be further improved by using the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 7 and the waterproof tape 23 in combination.
[0070]
(Embodiment 7)
FIG. 8 shows a wall structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the second embodiment by a wooden frame construction method. In the seventh embodiment, the center of the pillar (corner post) 15 at the corner of the structural material (frame assembly) 1 and the centers of the other pillars, ie, the stud 16 and the tube post 25, are on the same line X. . The thickness of the exterior base material 3 is set to の of the difference between the cross-sectional dimension of the pillar (corner post) 15 and the cross-sectional dimensions of the other pillars, ie, the stud 16 and the tube post 25. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 11 denotes a receiving material.
[0071]
Therefore, the exterior base material 3 and the interior material 5 and the pillars (corner pillars) are merely arranged along the studs 16 and the tube pillars 25 which are the other pillars between the pillars (corner pillars) 15. 15 can be flushed with no step. As a method for flushing, all pillars can be unified to have the same cross-sectional dimension, or other pillars (corner pillars) 15 can be There is no need to shift the centers of the pillars 16 and the pipe columns 25, which are pillars, and the construction can be easily performed.
[0072]
Otherwise, the configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Naturally, the seventh embodiment has the same configuration as the first embodiment. The effect can be achieved.
[0073]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, a moisture-permeable exterior base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is stretched on the outdoor side of the structural material by driving staples, and Since the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is stretched on the outdoor side of the base material by driving in staples, the strength of the wall structure can be increased by the exterior base material. In addition, the presence of the above-mentioned exterior base material makes it possible to regulate the swelling of the heat insulating material into the ventilation path to ensure air permeability, and to make the exterior base material made of a porous or fibrous material, Combined with the low resistance, the high-temperature and high-humidity moisture can be smoothly discharged to the outside to prevent internal dew condensation, and the insulation effect can be prevented from deteriorating due to the wetting of the heat insulating material and the structural material can be prevented from corroding. Further, since the exterior base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is softer than structural plywood, a wood-based surface material, or the like, staples can be reliably driven in and deficiencies in construction can be eliminated.
[0074]
According to the invention according to claim 2, a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior base materials made of a porous material or a fibrous material subjected to waterproofing are stretched by driving staples into the outdoor side of the structural material, and Since the waterproof tape is stuck to the joint of the exterior base material, it is possible to prevent water leakage from the seam of the exterior base material in addition to the same effect as the first aspect.
[0075]
According to the invention according to claim 3, the center of the corner post of the frame assembly material and the center of the other post are on the same line, and the thickness of the exterior base material is set to the cross-sectional dimension of the above-mentioned corner post and the other post. Since the difference from the cross-sectional dimension is set to ２, the exterior base material and the corner pillars can be flush with each other without any step just by making the exterior base material along the other pillar between the corner pillars. As a method for achieving the above, the construction can be easily performed without unifying all the pillars to have the same sectional dimension or displacing the center of the corner pillar with the center of the other pillar.
[0076]
According to the invention according to claim 4, since the exterior base material and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet are both stretched over the structural material by continuous staples, the wall structure exhibiting the effect of claim 1 can be obtained in a short time without trouble. Work can be performed efficiently.
[0077]
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the exterior base material is stretched by continuous staple tapping and the waterproof tape is stuck to the seam of the exterior base material, so that the wall structure having the effect according to the second aspect is troublesome. Construction can be performed efficiently in a short period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wall structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wall structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a wall structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a wall structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a wall structure according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a wall structure according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a wall structure according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a transverse sectional view of a wall structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional wall structure.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional wall structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Structural materials
3,3 'exterior base material
4 Staples
5 Interior materials
6 Insulation
7 Moisture-permeable waterproof sheet
9 Ventilation path
10 torso
15 corner post
16 studs
23 Waterproof tape
25 pipe columns

Claims

Equipped with structural materials that form the framework of the building,
On the outdoor side of the structural material, a moisture-permeable exterior base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is stretched by driving staples, and an interior material is stretched on the indoor side,
A heat insulating material is interposed between the exterior base material and the interior material,
On the outdoor side of the exterior base material, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is stretched by driving in staples,
A wall structure of a building, characterized in that an exterior material is stretched through a body edge on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet so as to form an air passage between the waterproof sheet and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet.

Equipped with structural materials that form the framework of the building,
On the outdoor side of the structural material, a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior base materials made of a waterproofed porous or fibrous material are stretched by staple driving and waterproof at the joint of the exterior base materials. Tape is stuck and interior materials are stretched on the indoor side,
A heat insulating material is interposed between the exterior base material and the interior material,
A wall structure of a building, characterized in that an exterior material is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material through a rim so as to form a ventilation path between the exterior base material and the exterior base material.

The wall structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2,
The structural material is a framing material,
The center of the corner post of the frame member and the center of the other post are collinear,
The wall structure of a building, wherein the thickness of the exterior base material is set to 1/2 of the difference between the cross-sectional dimension of the corner post and the cross-sectional size of the other post.

On the outdoor side of the structural material constituting the skeleton of the building, a permeable outer base material made of a porous material or a fibrous material is stretched by continuous staple tapping,
Next, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material by continuous staple tapping,
Thereafter, the exterior material is stretched through the trunk edge so that a ventilation path is formed between the exterior material and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet on the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet,
On the other hand, an interior material is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material with an insulating material interposed between the interior material and the exterior base material.

On the outdoor side of the structural material forming the framework of the building, a plurality of moisture-permeable exterior base materials made of waterproof or porous material or fibrous material are stretched by continuous staple tapping and the seam of the exterior base materials is stretched. Paste waterproof tape on
Next, the exterior material is stretched on the outdoor side of the exterior base material via the rim so that a ventilation path is formed between the exterior material and the exterior base material,
On the other hand, an interior material is stretched on the indoor side of the structural material with an insulating material interposed between the interior material and the exterior base material.