JP2004231693A - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents
Pneumatic tire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004231693A JP2004231693A JP2003018862A JP2003018862A JP2004231693A JP 2004231693 A JP2004231693 A JP 2004231693A JP 2003018862 A JP2003018862 A JP 2003018862A JP 2003018862 A JP2003018862 A JP 2003018862A JP 2004231693 A JP2004231693 A JP 2004231693A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- pneumatic tire
- tire according
- acid
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- -1 hydrazone compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 10
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 6
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FDNAQCWUERCJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carbohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(O)C(C(=O)NN)=CC2=C1 FDNAQCWUERCJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002582 Polyethylene Glycol 600 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 LCPDWSOZIOUXRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decoxydecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCC LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZSVNPLDWQDBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-n-(4-methylpentan-2-ylideneamino)benzamide Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O QZSVNPLDWQDBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTTHLMXOSUFZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 UTTHLMXOSUFZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L isophthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- HCOMFAYPHBFMKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCC(=O)NN HCOMFAYPHBFMKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEVRDFDBXJMZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl dihydrazine Chemical class NNC(=O)NN XEVRDFDBXJMZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DTPCFIHYWYONMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N decaethylene glycol Polymers OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO DTPCFIHYWYONMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dicalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O IQDXNHZDRQHKEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001648 diaspore Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OTARVPUIYXHRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy-methyl-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 OTARVPUIYXHRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)C=C WOXXJEVNDJOOLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical group O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000717 hydrazino group Chemical group [H]N([*])N([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N maleamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBJFYLLAMSZSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)aniline Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 KBJFYLLAMSZSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMHYTZJVAPHHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(butan-2-ylideneamino)pyridine-4-carboxamide Chemical compound CCC(C)=NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 UMHYTZJVAPHHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRCPYBHPYVZWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(propan-2-ylideneamino)pyridine-4-carboxamide Chemical compound CC(C)=NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 LRCPYBHPYVZWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBNUSICRUXGHRJ-WJDWOHSUSA-N n-[(z)-1-phenylethylideneamino]pyridine-4-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/C)=N\NC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 KBNUSICRUXGHRJ-WJDWOHSUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RARLPRMZJNIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-carbohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)NN)=CC=C21 RARLPRMZJNIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWLFGLCGZUVIEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)NN ZWLFGLCGZUVIEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyldisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC FBBATURSCRIBHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、空気入りタイヤ、特に高弾性且つ低発熱性で、耐摩耗性が改善された空気入りタイヤに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、充填剤としてシリカ等の無機充填剤を配合したゴム組成物をタイヤに適用することにより、タイヤが低発熱化し、また、タイヤのヒステリシスロスが増大し、悪路走行での耐チッピング性が向上することが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。しかしながら、充填剤としてシリカ等の無機充填剤を配合したゴム組成物をタイヤに適用すると、タイヤの弾性率及び耐摩耗性が低下したり、長時間加硫での加硫戻りにより低発熱化の効果が低下するという問題があった。ここで、シリカ等の無機充填剤を配合したゴム組成物をタイヤのトレッドに適用した場合に、タイヤの耐摩耗性等が低下する原因としては、トレッドのゴム成分であるジエン系ゴムに対する無機充填剤の親和性が充填剤として通常用いられるカーボンブラックよりも小さいため、無機充填剤のジエン系ゴムへの分散性が悪く、充分な補強効果が得られないこと等が考えられる。
【0003】
これに対し、無機充填剤のジエン系ゴムへの分散性を向上させるために、重合性不飽和結合と特定の官能基をもった化合物を添加したゴム組成物が提案されているが(例えば、特許文献2)、これらの化合物では弾性率を向上させる効果が不十分であった。
【0004】
一方、従来、タイヤを高弾性化してその剛性を向上させるために、充填剤の配合量を増量したゴム組成物をタイヤに適用する方法もとられてきたが、この場合、充填剤の増量によりゴム組成物の粘度が上昇して混練時の作業性が悪化したり、発熱性が高くなるという問題があった。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平11−291706号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2002−179841号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題を解決し、高弾性且つ低発熱性で、耐摩耗性が改善された空気入りタイヤを提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、ゴム成分との相溶性及び無機充填剤との親和性に優れた特定の化合物を添加したゴム組成物をタイヤ部材に適用することにより、高弾性且つ低発熱性で、耐摩耗性が改善されたタイヤが得られることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0008】
即ち、本発明の空気入りタイヤは、天然ゴム及び合成ジエン系ゴムのうち少なくとも1種からなるゴム成分に、無機充填剤と、同一分子内に前記ゴム成分に対する反応基aを1個以上有し且つ前記無機充填剤に対する吸着基bを2個以上有する化合物(Z)とを配合してなるゴム組成物をタイヤ部材に用いたことを特徴とする。ここで、本発明において無機充填剤とは、シリカ又は下記式(III)で表される無機化合物をいう。
wM・xSiOy・zH2O ・・・ (III)
(式中、Mは、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウム及びジルコニウムからなる群から選ばれる金属、これらの金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及びそれらの水和物、またはこれらの金属の炭酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも一種であり;w、x、y及びzは、それぞれ1〜5の整数、0〜10の整数、2〜5の整数、及び0〜10の整数である。)
【0009】
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、重荷重用空気入りタイヤとして好適であり、オフロードタイヤとして特に好適である。
【0010】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの好適例においては、前記タイヤ部材がトレッドである。
【0011】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記反応基aが、非芳香族共役二重結合基又はカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、オキシカルボニル基及びアミド基から選ばれる1種が隣接した二重結合基である。
【0012】
上記化合物(Z)の反応基aは、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸及びソルビン酸から選ばれる不飽和カルボン酸から誘導される基であるのが好ましく、一方、前記吸着基bはカルボキシル基であるのが好ましい。また、上記化合物(Z)は、更にオキシアルキレン基を有するのが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記化合物(Z)が多塩基酸の部分エステルである。ここで、該化合物(Z)は、下記式(I)及び(II)の何れかで表される化合物であるのが特に好ましい。
【化3】
[式中、R1、R2及びR3はこれらのうち一つが式−(R4O)n−CO−CR5=CR6−R7で表される基であり(ここで、R4は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基で;R5、R6及びR7はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基で;nはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を示す1〜30の数である)、他は水素原子である。]
【化4】
[式中、R8は、式−R9O−で示される基、式−(R10O)s−で示される基、式−CH2CH(OH)CH2O−で示される基又は式−(R11O−COR12−COO−)tR11O−で示される基である。ここで、R9は炭素数2〜36のアルキレン基,アルケニレン基又は2価の芳香族炭化水素基で;R10は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基で;sはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を示す1〜60の数で;R11は炭素数2〜18のアルキレン基,アルケニレン基,2価の芳香族炭化水素基又は−(R13O)uR13−で示される基で(ここで、R13は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基で;uはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を示す1〜30の数である);R12は炭素数2〜18のアルキレン基,アルケニレン基又は2価の芳香族炭化水素基で;tは平均値で1〜30の数である。]
【0014】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記無機充填剤がシリカである。ここで、該シリカは、窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が180〜270m2/gであるのが特に好ましい。
【0015】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記無機充填剤が上記式(III)で表される無機化合物である。
【0016】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記ゴム組成物がヒドラゾン化合物を含有してなる。上記ゴム組成物がヒドラゾン化合物を含有する場合、ゴム組成物の加硫戻りの抑制とタイヤの低発熱化が可能になる。
【0017】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記ゴム組成物が、無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルを含有してなる。上記ゴム組成物が無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルを含有する場合、ゴム組成物の未加硫時の粘度を低下させることができる。
【0018】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記ゴム組成物がカーボンブラックを含有してなる。ここで、該カーボンブラックは、窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が30〜160m2/gであるのが好ましく、GPFからSAFまでの総てのカーボンブラックが適用できる。
【0019】
本発明の空気入りタイヤの他の好適例においては、前記ゴム成分が天然ゴムを20質量%以上含有する。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明の空気入りタイヤは、天然ゴム及び合成ジエン系ゴムのうち少なくとも1種からなるゴム成分に、無機充填剤と、同一分子内に前記ゴム成分に対する反応基aを1個以上有し且つ前記無機充填剤に対する吸着基bを2個以上有する化合物(Z)とを配合してなるゴム組成物をタイヤ部材に用いたことを特徴とする。ここで、タイヤ部材としては、トレッドが好ましい。上記化合物(Z)は、ゴム成分に対する反応基aを1個以上有するため、ゴム成分との相溶性に優れ、また、無機充填剤に対する吸着基bを2個以上有するため、無機充填剤との親和性にも優れる。そのため、ゴム成分に、無機充填剤と共に化合物(Z)を配合することにより、無機充填剤のゴム成分への分散性が改善され、ゴム組成物を大幅に高弾性化することができる。また、該ゴム組成物は弾性率が高く剛性が向上しているため、該ゴム組成物をトレッドに用いたタイヤは、耐摩耗性が改善されている。
【0021】
本発明の空気入りタイヤに用いるゴム組成物のゴム成分としては、天然ゴム(NR);ポリイソプレンゴム(IR)、ブチルゴム(IIR)、ポリブタジエンゴム(BR)及びスチレン−ブタジエン共重合体ゴム(SBR)等の合成ジエン系ゴムが挙げられる。これらゴム成分は一種単独でも、ブレンドでもよい。前記ゴム成分は、天然ゴムを20質量%以上含有するのが好ましい。ゴム成分中の天然ゴムの含有量が20質量%未満では、ゴム組成物の発熱性が悪くなる。
【0022】
本発明の空気入りタイヤに用いるゴム組成物の無機充填剤は、シリカ又は下記式(III)で表される無機化合物である。
wM・xSiOy・zH2O ・・・ (III)
【0023】
ここで、式(III)中、Mは、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウム、及びジルコニウムからなる群から選ばれる金属、これらの金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及びそれらの水和物、またはこれらの金属の炭酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも一種であり;w、x、y及びzは、それぞれ1〜5の整数、0〜10の整数、2〜5の整数及び0〜10の整数である。尚、式(III)において、x、zがともに0である場合、該無機化合物は、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウム及びジルコニウムから選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属、金属酸化物又は金属水酸化物となる。
【0024】
上記式(III)で表わされる無機化合物としては、γ−アルミナ、α−アルミナ等のアルミナ(Al2O3);ベーマイト、ダイアスポア等のアルミナ一水和物(Al2O3・H2O);ギブサイト、バイヤライト等の水酸化アルミニウム[Al(OH)3];炭酸アルミニウム[Al2(CO3)3]、水酸化マグネシウム[Mg(OH)2]、酸化マグネシウム(MgO)、炭酸マグネシウム(MgCO3)、タルク(3MgO・4SiO2・H2O)、アタパルジャイト(5MgO・8SiO2・9H2O)、チタン白(TiO2)、チタン黒(TiO2n−1)、酸化カルシウム(CaO)、水酸化カルシウム[Ca(OH)2]、酸化アルミニウムマグネシウム(MgO・Al2O3)、クレー(Al2O3・2SiO2)、カオリン(Al2O3・2SiO2・2H2O)、パイロフィライト(Al2O3・4SiO2・H2O)、ベントナイト(Al2O3・4SiO2・2H2O)、ケイ酸アルミニウム(Al2SiO5、Al4・3SiO4・5H2O等)、ケイ酸マグネシウム(Mg2SiO4、MgSiO3等)、ケイ酸カルシウム(Ca2・SiO4等)、ケイ酸アルミニウムカルシウム(Al2O3・CaO・2SiO2等)、ケイ酸マグネシウムカルシウム(CaMgSiO4)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)、水酸化ジルコニウム[ZrO(OH)2・nH2O]、炭酸ジルコニウム[Zr(CO3)2]、各種ゼオライトのように電荷を補正する水素、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属を含む結晶性アルミノケイ酸塩等が使用できる。また、前記式(III)中のMがアルミニウム金属、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、及びそれらの水和物、またはアルミニウムの炭酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも一つである場合が好ましい。式(III)で表されるこれらの無機化合物は、単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。また、これらの無機化合物はシリカと混合して使用することもできる。
【0025】
上記無機充填剤は、その粒径が0.01〜10μmの粉体であることが好ましい。粒径が0.01μm未満ではグリップ力の向上が望めない割に混練作業が悪化し、10μmを超えると貯蔵弾性率が極端に低下し、耐摩耗性が悪くなるため好ましくない。また、これらの効果の観点から、粒径は0.05〜5μmの範囲が更に好ましい。
【0026】
上記無機充填剤は、水銀圧入法で測定した比表面積が80〜300m2/gの範囲にあるものが好ましく用いられる。この比表面積を80m2/g〜300m2/gとすることにより無機充填剤のゴム成分への分散がよくなり、ゴム組成物の加工性,耐摩耗性が良好となる。補強性、加工性及び耐摩耗性のバランス等の面から、より好ましい比表面積は100〜250m2/gの範囲である。なお、この比表面積(SHg)の算出法は、細孔を円筒形と仮定し、SHg(m2/g)=2V/r〔V=全細孔容積(m3/g)、r=平均細孔半径(m)〕で算出する。
【0027】
上記無機充填剤の配合量は、特に限定されるものではないが、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し1〜40質量部であるのが好ましい。
【0028】
上記無機充填剤の中でも、シリカが好ましく、窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が180〜270m2/gであるシリカが特に好ましい。シリカのN2SAが180m2/g未満では、タイヤのヒステリシスロス向上による耐チッピング性の改良効果が小さく、270m2/gを超えると、ゴム組成物の粘度が上昇して混練時の作業性が著しく悪化してしまう。
【0029】
上記ゴム組成物は、更にシランカップリング剤を含有するのが好ましい。シランカップリング剤を配合することにより、タイヤの耐摩耗性が更に向上し、tanδが更に低下する。ここで、シランカップリング剤の配合量は、無機充填剤100質量部に対し1〜20質量部が好ましい。該シランカップリング剤としては、ビニルトリクロロシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(β−メトキシ−エトキシ)シラン、β−(3,4−エポキシシクロへキシル)−エチルトリメトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−グリシドキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、γ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−(β−アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−(β−アミノエチル)−γ−アミノプロピルトリメチルジメトキシシラン、N−フェニル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−クロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、ビス(3−(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(3−(トリエトキシシリル)プロピル)ジスルフィド、γ−トリメトキシシリルプロピルジメチルチオカルバミルテトラスルフィド、γ−トリメトキシシリルプロピルベンゾチアジルテトラスルフィド等が挙げられる。
【0030】
本発明の空気入りタイヤに用いるゴム組成物に添加される同一分子内に前記ゴム成分に対する反応基aを1個以上と前記無機充填剤に対する吸着基bを2個以上有する化合物(Z)において、ゴム成分に対する反応基aは、二重結合を有する基であって、該二重結合を活性化する基が隣接するものが好ましく、特に非芳香族共役二重結合基又はカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、オキシカルボニル基及びアミド基から選ばれる1種が隣接した二重結合基であることが好ましい。ここで、隣接とは二重結合の両端又は一方にカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、オキシカルボニル基及びアミド基から選ばれる1種を有することをいう。
【0031】
上記化合物(Z)としては、反応基aがマレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸又はソルビン酸から選ばれる不飽和カルボン酸から誘導される基であることが好ましく、中でもマレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、アクリル酸から誘導される基、特にはマレイン酸、アクリル酸から誘導される基であることが最も好ましい。吸着基bに関しては、カルボキシル基が好ましい。
【0032】
また、上記化合物(Z)は、更にオキシアルキレン基を有することが好ましい。化合物(Z)がオキシアルキレン基を有する場合、ゴム成分との相溶性が更に向上し、シリカ等の無機充填剤との親和性が更に良好となる。オキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数は、ゴム成分に対する反応基aの個数1個当たり、1〜30モルの範囲であることが好ましく、更には1〜20モル、特には2〜15モルの範囲であることが好ましい。
【0033】
上記化合物(Z)の具体例としては、トリメリット酸、ピロメリット酸、クエン酸等のポリカルボン酸のモノ((メタ)アクリロイルオキシアルキル)エステル(ここで((メタ)アクリロイルは、メタクリロイル又はアクリロイルを示す);マレイン酸モノリンゴ酸エステル等の不飽和カルボン酸とオキシカルボン酸との(ポリ)エステル;エチレングリコール、ヘキサンジオール、シクロヘキサンジメタノール等のジオールとマレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸等の不飽和ジカルボン酸との両末端にカルボキシル基を有するエステル;N−(2−カルボキシエチル)マレアミド酸等のN−(カルボキシアルキル)マレアミド酸;下記式(I)又は(II)で表される化合物が挙げられる。
【0034】
【化5】
【0035】
式中、R1、R2及びR3はこれらのうち一つが式−(R4O)n−CO−CR5=CR6−R7で表される基であり、他は水素原子である。ここでR4は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基、好ましくはエチレン基又はプロピレン基である。またR5、R6及びR7はそれぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基であって、好ましくはR5が水素原子又はメチル基、R6及びR7が水素原子である。nはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を示す1〜30の数であり、好ましくは1〜20、更には好ましくは2〜15の数である。
【0036】
【化6】
【0037】
式中、R8は、式−R9O−で示される基、式−(R10O)s−で示される基、式−CH2CH(OH)CH2O−で示される基又は式−(R11O−COR12−COO−)tR11O−で示される基である。ここでR9は炭素数2〜36のアルキレン基,アルケニレン基又は2価の芳香族炭化水素基であって、好ましくは炭素数2〜18のアルキレン基又はフェニレン基、さらに好ましくは炭素数4〜12のアルキレン基である。またR10は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基、好ましくはエチレン基又はプロピレン基であり、sはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を示す1〜60の数であり、好ましくは2〜40、更に好ましくは4〜30の数である。R11は炭素数2〜18のアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、2価の芳香族炭化水素基又は−(R13O)uR13−で示される基である(ここで、R13は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基で;uはオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数を示す1〜30の数であり、好ましくは1〜20、さらに好ましくは2〜15の数である)。R12は炭素数2〜18のアルキレン基、アルケニレン基又は2価の芳香族炭化水素基であって、好ましくは炭素数2〜12のアルキレン基又はフェニレン基、さらに好ましくは炭素数2〜8のアルキレン基である。tは平均値で1〜30、好ましくは1〜20、さらに好ましくは1〜15の数である。
【0038】
これらの化合物の中では、多塩基酸の部分エステルが好ましく、式(I)又は(II)で表される化合物が更に好ましい。式(I)で表される化合物の具体例としては、トリメリット酸モノ(2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチル)エステル、トリメリット酸モノ[2−(2−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエトキシ)エチル]エステル、トリメリット酸モノ(ω−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシポリオキシエチレン(10))エステル等のトリメリット酸モノ(ω−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシPOA(n))エステル(ここで(メタ)アクリロイルはメタクリロイル又はアクリロイルを示し、POA(n)はオキシエチレン又はオキシプロピレンが平均して1〜30モル付加したポリオキシエチレン(以下「POE」と略記することがある)又はポリオキシプロピレン(以下「POP」と略記することがある)を示す。)が挙げられる。
【0039】
式(II)で表される化合物の具体例としては、グリセリンジマレエート、1,4−ブタンジオールジマレエート、1,6−ヘキサンジオールジマレエート等のアルキレンジオールのジマレエート;1,6−ヘキサンジオールジフマレート等のアルキレンジオールのジフマレート;PEG200ジマレエート,PEG600ジマレエート等のポリオキシアルキレングリコールのジマレエート(ここでPEG200、PEG600とは、それぞれ平均分子量200又は600のポリエチレングリコールを示す);両末端にカルボキシル基を有するポリブチレンマレエート、両末端にカルボキシル基を有するポリ(PEG200)マレエート等の両末端カルボン酸型ポリアルキレングリコール/マレイン酸ポリエステル;両末端にカルボキシル基を有するポリブチレンアジペートマレエート、PEG600ジフマレート等のポリオキシアルキレングリコールのジフマレート;両末端にカルボキシル基を有するポリブチレンフマレート、両末端にカルボキシル基を有するポリ(PEG200)フマレート等の両末端カルボン酸型ポリアルキレングリコール/フマル酸ポリエステル等が挙げられる。
【0040】
上記化合物(Z)は、分子量250以上であることが好ましく、更には250〜5000の範囲であること、特には250〜3000の範囲であることが好ましい。この範囲であると引火点が高く、安全上望ましいばかりでなく、発煙が少なく作業環境上も好ましい。尚、上記化合物(Z)は、単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
【0041】
上記化合物(Z)の配合量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対して0.5〜20質量部であり、好ましくは0.5〜10質量部、より好ましくは1〜5質量部である。化合物(Z)の配合量が0.5質量部未満では、タイヤの弾性率を向上させる効果が小さく、20質量部を超えると、著しく弾性率が向上し、またコスト高となる。
【0042】
上記ゴム組成物は、ヒドラゾン化合物を含有するのが好ましい。ゴム組成物にヒドラゾン化合物を配合することにより、ゴム組成物の加硫戻りを抑制しつつ、タイヤの発熱性を低減することができる。ここで、該ヒドラゾン化合物の配合量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し0.1〜10.0質量部である。ヒドラゾン化合物の配合量が0.1質量部未満では、ゴム組成物の加硫戻りの抑制効果及びタイヤの発熱性の低減効果が小さく、10.0質量部を超えると、コスト高となり、また、効果も飽和する。
【0043】
上記ヒドラゾン化合物としては、下記式(IV)〜(VI)で表されるヒドラゾン化合物が好ましい。
【化7】
【化8】
【化9】
【0044】
上記式(IV)〜(VI)において、Aは、2価の芳香族環基(結合の位置は問わず、オルト位、メタ位、パラ位の何れでもよい)、ヒダントイン環基、又は炭素数0〜18の飽和若しくは不飽和の直鎖状炭化水素基(エチレン基、テトラメチレン基、ヘプタメチレン基、オクタメチレン基、オクタデカメチレン基、7,11−オクタデカジエニレン基等)を表す。Bは、芳香族基(フェニル基、ナフチル基等)を表す。Xは、ヒドロキシ基又はアミノ基を表す。Yは、ピリジル基又はヒドラジノ基を表す。R14〜R17は、水素、及び炭素数1〜18のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、芳香族環(置換基を有していてもよく、その場合の置換基の位置は問わない)であり、それぞれ互いに同じであってもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
【0045】
前記式(IV)で表されるヒドラゾン化合物としては、例えば、イソフタル酸ジヒドラジド、アジピン酸ヒドラジドの誘導体であるイソフタル酸ジ(1−メチルエチリデン)ヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジ(1−メチルエチリデン)ヒドラジド、イソフタル酸ジ(1−メチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジ(1−メチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、イソフタル酸ジ(1,3−ジメチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジ(1,3−ジメチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、イソフタル酸ジ(1−フェニルエチリデン)ヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジ(1−フェニルエチリデン)ヒドラジド等が挙げられる。また、これらの他、例えば、テレフタル酸ジヒドラジド、アゼライン酸ジヒドラジド、コハク酸ジヒドラジド、イコサノイックジカルボン酸ジヒドラジド等の誘導体も挙げられる。これらの中でも、発熱性を悪化させることなくムーニー粘度を低減させることができる点で、イソフタル酸ジヒドラジドの誘導体が好ましい。
【0046】
前記式(V)で表されるヒドラゾン化合物としては、例えば、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジド(HNH)の誘導体の他、N’−(1,3−ジメチルブチリデン)サリチル酸ヒドラジド(BMS)、4−ヒドロキシ安息香酸ヒドラジド、アントラニル酸ヒドラジド、1−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジドの各誘導体等が挙げられる。3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジド(HNH)の誘導体としては、例えば、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸(1−メチルエチリデン)ヒドラジド、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸(1−メチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸(1,3−ジメチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸(1−フェニルエチリデン)ヒドラジド等の3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジド等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジド(HNH)の誘導体や、N’−(1,3−ジメチルブチリデン)サリチル酸ヒドラジド(BMS)の誘導体は、発熱性を悪化させることなく、ムーニー粘度を低く抑えることができる点で好ましく、効果が顕著な点で、3−ヒドロキシ,2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジド(HNH)の誘導体である3−ヒドロキシ,N’−(1,3−ジメチルブチリデン)−2−ナフトエ酸ヒドラジド(BMH)が特に好ましい。
【0047】
前記式(VI)で表されるヒドラゾン化合物としては、例えば、イソニコチン酸(1−メチルエチリデン)ヒドラジド、イソニコチン酸(1−メチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、イソニコチン酸(1,3−ジメチルプロピリデン)ヒドラジド、イソニコチン酸(1−フェニルエチリデン)ヒドラジド等のイソニコチン酸ヒドラジドの誘導体の他、炭酸ジヒドラジドの誘導体等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、イソニコチン酸ヒドラジドの誘導体は、発熱性を悪化させることなく、ムーニー粘度を低減させることができる点で好ましい。
【0048】
前記式(IV)〜(VI)で表されるヒドラゾン化合物は、ゴム組成物の加硫戻りの抑制効果に優れ、前記ゴム成分として天然ゴムを含むゴム組成物に好適であり、高温加硫条件下でもその性能の低下が少ない。該ヒドラゾン化合物は、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。なお、前記式(IV)〜(VI)で表されるヒドラゾン化合物は、Pant, U. C.; Ramchandran, Reena; Joshi, B. C. Rev. Roum. Chim. (1979) 24 (3), 471−82の文献に記載された方法に基いて製造することができる。
【0049】
上記ゴム組成物は、無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルを含有するのが好ましい。ゴム組成物に無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルを配合することにより、ゴム組成物の未加硫時の粘度を低下させることができる。ここで、無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルの配合量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し0.1〜5.0質量部であり、好ましくは0.2〜2.0質量部である。無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルの配合量が0.1質量部未満では、未加硫ゴム組成物の粘度の低減効果が小さく、5.0質量部を超えると、未加硫ゴム組成物の粘度を低減する効果が飽和する一方、コスト高となる。
【0050】
上記無水マレイン酸と(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体との部分エステルとしては、下記式(VII)で表される化合物が挙げられる。
【化10】
(式中、mは平均重合度を表わす1以上の数であり、R18はアルキレン基、R19はアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキルアリール基又はアシル基である。)
【0051】
式(VII)において、mは1〜10であるのが好ましい。また、R18は、炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基であるのが好ましく、エチレン基又はプロピレン基であるのがより好ましく、プロピレン基であるのが特に好ましい。更に、R19は、炭素数2〜28のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であるのが好ましく、炭素数8〜18のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であるのがより好ましい。
【0052】
式(VII)で表される化合物は、無水マレイン酸と、(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体とを反応させることで得られる。ここで、(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体としては、例えば、1個以上の水酸基を持った平均重合度1以上の(ポリ)オキシアルキレン基を有する化合物が挙げられ、好ましくは1〜2個の水酸基を持った(ポリ)オキシアルキレン基を有する化合物であり、特に好ましくは1個の水酸基を持った(ポリ)オキシアルキレン基を有する化合物である。(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体としては、(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル等のエーテル型;(ポリ)オキシアルキレン脂肪酸モノエステル等のエステル型;(ポリ)オキシアルキレングリセリン脂肪酸エステル等のエーテルエステル型;(ポリ)オキシアルキレン脂肪酸アミド、(ポリ)オキシアルキレンアルキルアミン等の含窒素型等が挙げられるが、これらの中でもエーテル型とエステル型が好ましく、エーテル型が特に好ましい。
【0053】
上記エーテル型の(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体としては、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンデシルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン2−エチルヘキシルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンステアリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル等のポリオキシアルキレン脂肪族エーテル;ポリオキシエチレンベンジルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンベンジル化フェニルエーテル等のポリオキシアルキレン芳香族エーテル等が挙げられるが、ポリオキシアルキレン脂肪族エーテルが好ましい。更には、ポリオキシエチレンアルキル又はアルケニルエーテル、及びポリオキシプロピレンアルキル又はアルケニルエーテルが好ましく、特にポリオキシエチレン又はポリオキシプロピレンの平均重合度が1〜10で、アルキル基又はアルケニル基の炭素数が8〜18であることが好ましい。具体的には、ポリオキシエチレンをPOE(q)、ポリオキシプロピレンをPOP(r)と略し、q,rを各々平均重合度とすれば、POE(3)オクチルエーテル、POE(4)2−エチルヘキシルエーテル、POE(3)デシルエーテル、POE(5)デシルエーテル、POE(3)ラウリルエーテル、POE(8)ラウリルエーテル、POE(1)ステアリルエーテル、POP(3)ラウリルエーテル、POP(5)ラウリルエーテル、POP(5)ミリスチルエーテルなどが挙げられる。上記(ポリ)オキシアルキレン誘導体は、単独で用いてもよく、また2種以上を併用してもよい。
【0054】
上記ゴム組成物には、カーボンブラックを配合することもできる。この場合、該カーボンブラックの配合量は、前記ゴム成分100質量部に対して20〜80質量部であり、好ましくは30〜60質量部である。カーボンブラックの配合量が20質量部未満では、タイヤの低発熱化に優れるものの耐摩耗性が著しく低下し、80質量部を超えると、タイヤの発熱性が著しく上昇し、且つゴム組成物の混練時の作業性が著しく低下してしまう。該カーボンブラックは、窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が30〜160m2/gであるのが好ましい。カーボンブラックのN2SAが30m2/g未満では、タイヤの低発熱化に優れるものの耐摩耗性等の破壊特性が著しく低下し、N2SAが160m2/gを超えると、ゴム組成物の混練時の作業性が著しく低下してしまう。
【0055】
上記ゴム組成物には、上記ゴム成分、無機充填剤、シランカップリング剤、化合物(Z)、ヒドラゾン化合物、無水マレイン酸の部分エステル、カーボンブラックの他に、ゴム業界で通常使用される配合剤、例えば、軟化剤、老化防止剤、加硫剤、加硫促進剤等を目的に応じて適宜配合することができる。
【0056】
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、上述のように高弾性且つ低発熱性で耐摩耗性が改善されたゴム組成物をタイヤ部材に適用してなるため、重荷重用空気入りタイヤとして好適である。また、該タイヤは、悪路走行用のオフロードタイヤとして特に好適である。なお、本発明の空気入りタイヤに充填する気体としては、通常の或いは酸素分圧を調整した空気の他、窒素、アルゴン、ヘリウム等の不活性ガスを用いることができる。
【0057】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、 本発明は下記の実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。
【0058】
表1に示す配合処方のゴム組成物を調製し、その弾性率を以下の方法で評価した。また、該ゴム組成物をトレッドに用い、通常の加硫条件で加硫して、サイズ3700R57のタイヤ(オフロードタイヤ)を試作し、下記に示す方法で発熱性及び耐摩耗性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
【0059】
(1)弾性率
上記ゴム組成物を加硫したサンプルについて、東洋精機社製スペクトロメーターを用い、歪1%、50Hz、測定温度25℃にて動的貯蔵弾性率(E’)を測定し、比較例1を100として指数表示した。指数値が大きい程、弾性率が高く、剛性が高いことを示す。
【0060】
(2)発熱性
上記供試タイヤに対し、一定速度・ステップロード条件のドラムテストを実施し、タイヤトレッド内部の一定深さ位置の温度を測定し、比較例1の値を100として指数表示した。指数値が大きい程、温度が低く、低発熱化の効果が大きいことを示す。
【0061】
(3)耐摩耗性
上記供試タイヤをオフロードカーの4輪に装着して2000時間走行した後、
走行距離/(トレッドの走行前溝深さ−走行後溝深さ)
を算出し、比較例1を100として指数表示した。指数値が大きい程、耐摩耗性が高く良好であることを示す。
【0062】
【表1】
【0063】
表1から、化合物(Z)を添加した実施例1〜4の各ゴム組成物は、各実施例のゴム組成物と等量のシリカが配合された比較例1〜4の各ゴム組成物に比べ弾性率が向上していることがわかる。また、該ゴム組成物をトレッドに用いた各実施例のタイヤは、発熱性が低く、耐摩耗性も向上していた。実施例2〜4及び5〜7から、化合物(Z)を増量するに従い、弾性率が向上することがわかる。更に、実施例8から、SBRを増量することで弾性率及び耐摩耗性を向上させることができ、一方、天然ゴムを増量することで発熱性を低く抑えることができるのが分かる。
【0064】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、同一分子内にゴム成分に対する反応基aを1個以上有し且つ無機充填剤に対する吸着基bを2個以上有する化合物(Z)を配合してなるゴム組成物をタイヤ部材、特にトレッドに適用することにより、高弾性且つ低発熱性で、耐摩耗性が改善された空気入りタイヤを提供することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire, in particular, a pneumatic tire having high elasticity, low heat generation, and improved wear resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, by applying a rubber composition containing an inorganic filler such as silica as a filler to a tire, the tire generates less heat, the hysteresis loss of the tire increases, and the chipping resistance on rough roads is reduced. It is known to improve (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, when a rubber composition containing an inorganic filler such as silica as a filler is applied to a tire, the elastic modulus and abrasion resistance of the tire are reduced, and the heat generation is reduced due to re-vulcanization during long-time vulcanization. There was a problem that the effect was reduced. Here, when a rubber composition containing an inorganic filler such as silica is applied to a tread of a tire, a cause of a decrease in abrasion resistance and the like of the tire is caused by an inorganic filler in a diene rubber which is a rubber component of the tread. Since the affinity of the filler is smaller than that of carbon black usually used as a filler, it is considered that the dispersibility of the inorganic filler in the diene rubber is poor and a sufficient reinforcing effect cannot be obtained.
[0003]
On the other hand, in order to improve the dispersibility of the inorganic filler in the diene rubber, a rubber composition to which a compound having a polymerizable unsaturated bond and a specific functional group is added has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 2), these compounds have insufficient effect of improving the elastic modulus.
[0004]
On the other hand, conventionally, in order to increase the elasticity of the tire and improve its rigidity, there has been a method of applying a rubber composition with an increased amount of a filler to the tire, but in this case, by increasing the amount of the filler, There has been a problem that the viscosity of the rubber composition increases and the workability at the time of kneading deteriorates, and the heat buildup increases.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-291706 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-179841
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide a pneumatic tire having high elasticity, low heat generation, and improved wear resistance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, apply a rubber composition to which a specific compound excellent in compatibility with a rubber component and affinity with an inorganic filler is added to a tire member. As a result, it has been found that a tire having high elasticity, low heat generation, and improved wear resistance can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
That is, the pneumatic tire of the present invention has a rubber component composed of at least one of natural rubber and synthetic diene rubber, an inorganic filler, and one or more reactive groups a for the rubber component in the same molecule. Further, a rubber composition obtained by blending a compound (Z) having two or more adsorbing groups b with respect to the inorganic filler is used for a tire member. Here, in the present invention, the inorganic filler refers to silica or an inorganic compound represented by the following formula (III).
wM · xSiO y · zH 2 O (III)
(Wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium and zirconium, oxides or hydroxides of these metals, and hydrates thereof, or carbonates of these metals) And w, x, y, and z are each an integer of 1 to 5, an integer of 0 to 10, an integer of 2 to 5, and an integer of 0 to 10.)
[0009]
The pneumatic tire of the present invention is suitable as a heavy-duty pneumatic tire, and is particularly suitable as an off-road tire.
[0010]
In a preferred example of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the tire member is a tread.
[0011]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire according to the present invention, the reactive group a is a non-aromatic conjugated double bond group or a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, an oxycarbonyl group and an amide group. It is a heavy bonding group.
[0012]
The reactive group a of the compound (Z) is preferably a group derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and sorbic acid. Group b is preferably a carboxyl group. Further, the compound (Z) preferably further has an oxyalkylene group.
[0013]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the compound (Z) is a partial ester of a polybasic acid. Here, the compound (Z) is particularly preferably a compound represented by any of the following formulas (I) and (II).
Embedded image
[In the formula, one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a group represented by the formula — (R 4 O) n —CO—CR 5 CRCR 6 —R 7 (here, R 4 Is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; n is a number of 1 to 30 indicating the average number of added moles of the oxyalkylene group) And the others are hydrogen atoms. ]
Embedded image
[Wherein, R 8 represents a group represented by the formula —R 9 O—, a group represented by the formula — (R 10 O) s— , a group represented by the formula —CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 O—, or wherein - is a (R 11 O-COR 12 -COO- ) t R 11 O- in group represented. Here, R 9 is an alkylene group having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, alkenylene group or divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group; R 10 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; s is an average addition mole of the oxyalkylene group. the number of 1 to 60 indicating the number; R 11 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or - (R 13 O) u R 13 - a group represented by ( Here, R 13 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; u is a number of 1 to 30 indicating an average addition mole number of the oxyalkylene group); R 12 is an alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, alkenylene A group or a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group; t is a number of 1 to 30 on average. ]
[0014]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the inorganic filler is silica. Here, it is particularly preferable that the silica has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 180 to 270 m 2 / g.
[0015]
In another preferable example of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the inorganic filler is an inorganic compound represented by the above formula (III).
[0016]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the rubber composition contains a hydrazone compound. When the rubber composition contains a hydrazone compound, it is possible to suppress reversion of the rubber composition and reduce heat generation of the tire.
[0017]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the rubber composition contains a partial ester of maleic anhydride and a (poly) oxyalkylene derivative. When the rubber composition contains a partial ester of maleic anhydride and a (poly) oxyalkylene derivative, the viscosity of the rubber composition when it is not vulcanized can be reduced.
[0018]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the rubber composition contains carbon black. Here, the carbon black preferably has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 30 to 160 m 2 / g, and all carbon blacks from GPF to SAF can be applied.
[0019]
In another preferred embodiment of the pneumatic tire of the present invention, the rubber component contains 20% by mass or more of natural rubber.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The pneumatic tire of the present invention has a rubber component comprising at least one of natural rubber and synthetic diene rubber, an inorganic filler, and one or more reactive groups a for the rubber component in the same molecule and A rubber composition obtained by blending a compound (Z) having two or more adsorbing groups b with respect to an inorganic filler is used for a tire member. Here, a tread is preferable as the tire member. The compound (Z) has at least one reactive group a for the rubber component, and thus has excellent compatibility with the rubber component. Further, since the compound (Z) has two or more adsorbing groups b for the inorganic filler, the compound (Z) has a compatibility with the inorganic filler. Excellent affinity. Therefore, when the compound (Z) is compounded together with the inorganic filler in the rubber component, the dispersibility of the inorganic filler in the rubber component is improved, and the rubber composition can be significantly increased in elasticity. Moreover, since the rubber composition has a high elastic modulus and improved rigidity, a tire using the rubber composition for a tread has improved wear resistance.
[0021]
The rubber component of the rubber composition used in the pneumatic tire of the present invention includes natural rubber (NR); polyisoprene rubber (IR), butyl rubber (IIR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), and styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR). ) And the like. These rubber components may be used alone or in a blend. The rubber component preferably contains 20% by mass or more of natural rubber. When the content of the natural rubber in the rubber component is less than 20% by mass, the heat build-up of the rubber composition is deteriorated.
[0022]
The inorganic filler of the rubber composition used for the pneumatic tire of the present invention is silica or an inorganic compound represented by the following formula (III).
wM · xSiO y · zH 2 O (III)
[0023]
Here, in the formula (III), M is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium, and zirconium, oxides or hydroxides of these metals, and hydrates thereof, or And w, x, y and z are an integer of 1 to 5, an integer of 0 to 10, an integer of 2 to 5, and an integer of 0 to 10, respectively. In the formula (III), when both x and z are 0, the inorganic compound becomes at least one metal, metal oxide or metal hydroxide selected from aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium and zirconium. .
[0024]
The formula Examples of the inorganic compound represented by (III), .gamma.-alumina, such as α- alumina alumina (Al 2 O 3); boehmite, alumina monohydrate such as diaspore (Al 2 O 3 · H 2 O) Aluminum hydroxide [Al (OH) 3 ] such as gibbsite and bayerite; aluminum carbonate [Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 ], magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH) 2 ], magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium carbonate ( MgCO 3), talc (3MgO · 4SiO 2 · H 2 O), attapulgite (5MgO · 8SiO 2 · 9H 2 O), titanium white (TiO 2), titanium black (TiO 2n-1), calcium oxide (CaO), calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH) 2], magnesium aluminum oxide (MgO · Al 2 O 3) , clay (Al O 3 · 2SiO 2), kaolin (Al 2 O 3 · 2SiO 2 · 2H 2 O), pyrophyllite (Al 2 O 3 · 4SiO 2 · H 2 O), bentonite (Al 2 O 3 · 4SiO 2 · 2H 2 O), aluminum silicate (Al 2 SiO 5, Al 4 · 3SiO 4 · 5H 2 O etc.), magnesium silicate (Mg 2 SiO 4, MgSiO 3 etc.), calcium silicate (Ca 2 · SiO 4 etc.) Aluminum calcium silicate (Al 2 O 3 .CaO 2 SiO 2, etc.), magnesium calcium silicate (CaMgSiO 4 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), zirconium hydroxide [ZrO (OH) 2 · nH 2 O], zirconium carbonate [Zr (CO 3) 2] , the correction charge as various zeolites Hydrogen, crystalline aluminosilicates such as containing alkali metal or alkaline earth metal can be used that. Further, it is preferable that M in the formula (III) is at least one selected from aluminum metal, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, and hydrates thereof, or aluminum carbonate. These inorganic compounds represented by the formula (III) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, these inorganic compounds can be used by mixing with silica.
[0025]
The inorganic filler is preferably a powder having a particle size of 0.01 to 10 μm. If the particle size is less than 0.01 μm, the kneading work is deteriorated while the improvement in grip force cannot be expected. If the particle size is more than 10 μm, the storage elastic modulus is extremely lowered and the abrasion resistance is deteriorated. From the viewpoint of these effects, the particle size is more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 5 μm.
[0026]
As the inorganic filler, those having a specific surface area measured by a mercury intrusion method in the range of 80 to 300 m 2 / g are preferably used. The specific surface area 80m 2 / g~300m 2 / dispersion into the rubber component of the inorganic filler by a g is improved, processability of the rubber composition, the wear resistance is improved. From the viewpoint of the balance between the reinforcing property, the workability and the wear resistance, the more preferable specific surface area is in the range of 100 to 250 m 2 / g. The specific surface area (S Hg ) is calculated by assuming that the pores are cylindrical, and S Hg (m 2 / g) = 2 V / r [V = total pore volume (m 3 / g), r = Average pore radius (m)].
[0027]
The blending amount of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
[0028]
Among the inorganic fillers, silica is preferable, and silica having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 180 to 270 m 2 / g is particularly preferable. If the N 2 SA of the silica is less than 180 m 2 / g, the effect of improving the chipping resistance by improving the hysteresis loss of the tire is small, and if it exceeds 270 m 2 / g, the viscosity of the rubber composition increases and the workability during kneading is increased. Becomes significantly worse.
[0029]
The rubber composition preferably further contains a silane coupling agent. By incorporating the silane coupling agent, the wear resistance of the tire is further improved, and tan δ is further reduced. Here, the blending amount of the silane coupling agent is preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the inorganic filler. Examples of the silane coupling agent include vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (β-methoxy-ethoxy) silane, β- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) -ethyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxy Propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (β-aminoethyl) -Γ-aminopropyltrimethyldimethoxysilane, N-phenyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis (3- ( Triethoxysilyl) pro Le) tetrasulfide, bis (3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl) disulfide, .gamma.-trimethoxysilylpropyl dimethylthiocarbamoyl tetrasulfide, .gamma.-trimethoxysilylpropyl benzothiazyl tetrasulfide and the like.
[0030]
In the compound (Z) having one or more reactive groups a for the rubber component and two or more adsorbing groups b for the inorganic filler in the same molecule added to the rubber composition used for the pneumatic tire of the present invention, The reactive group a for the rubber component is a group having a double bond, preferably a group adjacent to the group for activating the double bond, particularly a non-aromatic conjugated double bond group or a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, One selected from an oxycarbonyl group and an amide group is preferably an adjacent double bond group. Here, the term “adjacent” means that one or more selected from a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, an oxycarbonyl group, and an amide group are present at both ends or one of the double bonds.
[0031]
As the compound (Z), the reactive group a is preferably a group derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and sorbic acid, and among them, maleic acid And most preferably a group derived from fumaric acid, itaconic acid or acrylic acid, particularly a group derived from maleic acid or acrylic acid. As for the adsorbing group b, a carboxyl group is preferable.
[0032]
Further, the compound (Z) preferably further has an oxyalkylene group. When the compound (Z) has an oxyalkylene group, the compatibility with the rubber component is further improved, and the affinity with an inorganic filler such as silica is further improved. The average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 mol, more preferably 1 to 20 mol, particularly 2 to 15 mol, per one of the reactive groups a with respect to the rubber component. Preferably, there is.
[0033]
Specific examples of the compound (Z) include mono ((meth) acryloyloxyalkyl) esters of polycarboxylic acids such as trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and citric acid (where ((meth) acryloyl is methacryloyl or acryloyl). (Polyester) of an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as maleic acid monomalate and an oxycarboxylic acid; and a diol such as ethylene glycol, hexanediol and cyclohexanedimethanol and an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid. An ester having a carboxyl group at both terminals with a saturated dicarboxylic acid; N- (carboxyalkyl) maleamic acid such as N- (2-carboxyethyl) maleamic acid; and a compound represented by the following formula (I) or (II): No.
[0034]
Embedded image
[0035]
In the formula, one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is a group represented by the formula — (R 4 O) n —CO—CR 5 CRCR 6 —R 7 , and the other is a hydrogen atom. . Here, R 4 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group. R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 6 and R 7 are a hydrogen atom. n is a number of 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 2 to 15, which represents the average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added.
[0036]
Embedded image
[0037]
In the formula, R 8 represents a group represented by the formula —R 9 O—, a group represented by the formula — (R 10 O) s— , a group represented by the formula —CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 O—, or a group represented by the formula: — (R 11 O—COR 12 —COO—) is a group represented by t R 11 O—. Here, R 9 is an alkylene group, alkenylene group or divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group or phenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably 4 to 36 carbon atoms. 12 alkylene groups. R 10 is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group, and s is a number of 1 to 60 indicating an average addition mole number of the oxyalkylene group, preferably 2 to 40, and more preferably 2 to 40. It is preferably a number of 4 to 30. R 11 is an alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group, a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a group represented by — (R 13 O) u R 13 — (where R 13 represents 2 carbon atoms). And u is a number of 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20, and more preferably 2 to 15, which represents the average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group added. R 12 is an alkylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group or a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms or a phenylene group, more preferably having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. It is an alkylene group. t is a number of 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 15 on average.
[0038]
Among these compounds, partial esters of polybasic acids are preferred, and the compounds represented by formula (I) or (II) are more preferred. Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (I) include mono (2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl) trimellitate and mono [2- (2- (meth) acryloyloxyethoxy) ethyl trimellitate] Esters, trimellitic acid mono (ω- (meth) acryloyloxy polyoxyethylene (10)) esters and other trimellitic acid mono (ω- (meth) acryloyloxy POA (n)) esters (where (meth) acryloyl is It represents methacryloyl or acryloyl, and POA (n) is polyoxyethylene (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “POE”) or polyoxypropylene (hereinafter “POP”) to which oxyethylene or oxypropylene is added in an average of 1 to 30 mol. May be abbreviated).
[0039]
Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (II) include dimethyl maleate of alkylene diol such as glycerin dimaleate, 1,4-butanediol dimaleate and 1,6-hexanediol dimaleate; Difumarate of an alkylene diol such as hexanediol difumarate; dimaleate of a polyoxyalkylene glycol such as PEG200 dimaleate or PEG600 dimaleate (here, PEG200 and PEG600 indicate polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 200 or 600, respectively); Carboxylic acid type polyalkylene glycol / maleic polyester such as polybutylene maleate having a carboxyl group and poly (PEG200) maleate having a carboxyl group at both terminals; carboxyl group at both terminals Difumarate of polyoxyalkylene glycol such as polybutylene adipate maleate and PEG 600 difumarate; carboxylic acid type poly-terminal such as polybutylene fumarate having carboxyl groups at both ends and poly (PEG200) fumarate having carboxyl groups at both ends Alkylene glycol / fumaric acid polyester and the like.
[0040]
The compound (Z) preferably has a molecular weight of 250 or more, more preferably has a molecular weight of 250 to 5,000, and particularly preferably has a molecular weight of 250 to 3,000. Within this range, the flash point is high, which is desirable not only for safety, but also for reducing smoke and working environment. In addition, the said compound (Z) may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
[0041]
The compounding amount of the compound (Z) is 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If the compounding amount of the compound (Z) is less than 0.5 part by mass, the effect of improving the elastic modulus of the tire is small, and if it exceeds 20 parts by mass, the elastic modulus is significantly improved and the cost is increased.
[0042]
The rubber composition preferably contains a hydrazone compound. By adding a hydrazone compound to the rubber composition, the heat build-up of the tire can be reduced while suppressing the reversion of the rubber composition. Here, the compounding amount of the hydrazone compound is 0.1 to 10.0 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. When the amount of the hydrazone compound is less than 0.1 part by mass, the effect of suppressing the reversion of the rubber composition and the effect of reducing the heat buildup of the tire are small, and when the amount exceeds 10.0 parts by mass, the cost increases, The effect also saturates.
[0043]
The hydrazone compound is preferably a hydrazone compound represented by the following formulas (IV) to (VI).
Embedded image
Embedded image
Embedded image
[0044]
In the above formulas (IV) to (VI), A is a divalent aromatic ring group (regardless of the position of the bond, any of ortho, meta and para positions), hydantoin ring group, or carbon number It represents a saturated or unsaturated linear hydrocarbon group of 0 to 18 (ethylene group, tetramethylene group, heptamethylene group, octamethylene group, octadecamethylene group, 7,11-octadecadienylene group, etc.). B represents an aromatic group (phenyl group, naphthyl group, etc.). X represents a hydroxy group or an amino group. Y represents a pyridyl group or a hydrazino group. R 14 to R 17 are hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, or an aromatic ring (which may have a substituent, in which case the position of the substituent does not matter). , May be the same or different.
[0045]
Examples of the hydrazone compound represented by the formula (IV) include isophthalic acid dihydrazide, di (1-methylethylidene) hydrazide isophthalate, which is a derivative of adipic hydrazide, di (1-methylethylidene) hydrazide adipate, and isophthalic acid Acid di (1-methylpropylidene) hydrazide, adipic acid di (1-methylpropylidene) hydrazide, isophthalic acid di (1,3-dimethylpropylidene) hydrazide, adipate di (1,3-dimethylpropylidene) hydrazide And di (1-phenylethylidene) hydrazide isophthalate, di (1-phenylethylidene) hydrazide adipate and the like. Other than these, for example, derivatives such as terephthalic acid dihydrazide, azelaic acid dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, and icosanoic dicarboxylic acid dihydrazide are also included. Among these, isophthalic acid dihydrazide derivatives are preferred in that the Mooney viscosity can be reduced without deteriorating heat build-up.
[0046]
Examples of the hydrazone compound represented by the formula (V) include 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid hydrazide (HNH) derivatives and N ′-(1,3-dimethylbutylidene) salicylic acid hydrazide (BMS). , 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide, anthranilic acid hydrazide, 1-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid hydrazide derivatives, and the like. Derivatives of 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid hydrazide (HNH) include, for example, 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid (1-methylethylidene) hydrazide, 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid (1-methylpropylidene) 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid hydrazide such as hydrazide, 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid (1,3-dimethylpropylidene) hydrazide, 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid (1-phenylethylidene) hydrazide and the like. Can be Among them, derivatives of 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid hydrazide (HNH) and derivatives of N '-(1,3-dimethylbutylidene) salicylic acid hydrazide (BMS) are not suitable for Mooney without deteriorating heat build-up. 3-hydroxy, N ′-(1,3-dimethylbutylidene), which is a derivative of 3-hydroxy, 2-naphthoic acid hydrazide (HNH), is preferable in that the viscosity can be kept low and the effect is remarkable. 2-Naphthoic acid hydrazide (BMH) is particularly preferred.
[0047]
Examples of the hydrazone compound represented by the formula (VI) include isonicotinic acid (1-methylethylidene) hydrazide, isonicotinic acid (1-methylpropylidene) hydrazide, and isonicotinic acid (1,3-dimethylpropylidene) ) Derivatives of isonicotinic acid hydrazide such as hydrazide and isonicotinic acid (1-phenylethylidene) hydrazide, and derivatives of carbonic acid dihydrazide. Of these, isonicotinic acid hydrazide derivatives are preferable because they can reduce Mooney viscosity without deteriorating heat build-up.
[0048]
The hydrazone compounds represented by the above formulas (IV) to (VI) are excellent in the effect of suppressing the reversion of the rubber composition, are suitable for the rubber composition containing natural rubber as the rubber component, and Even under the condition, its performance is little reduced. The hydrazone compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The hydrazone compounds represented by the formulas (IV) to (VI) are described in Pant, U.S.A. C. Ramchandran, Reena; Joshi, B .; C. Rev .. Room. Chim. (1979) 24 (3), 471-82.
[0049]
The rubber composition preferably contains a partial ester of maleic anhydride and a (poly) oxyalkylene derivative. By blending the rubber composition with a partial ester of maleic anhydride and a (poly) oxyalkylene derivative, the viscosity of the rubber composition in the unvulcanized state can be reduced. Here, the compounding amount of the partial ester of maleic anhydride and the (poly) oxyalkylene derivative is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass, preferably 0.2 to 2.0 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. 0 parts by mass. When the amount of the partial ester of maleic anhydride and the (poly) oxyalkylene derivative is less than 0.1 part by mass, the effect of reducing the viscosity of the unvulcanized rubber composition is small. While the effect of reducing the viscosity of the vulcanized rubber composition is saturated, the cost increases.
[0050]
Examples of the partial ester of the maleic anhydride and the (poly) oxyalkylene derivative include a compound represented by the following formula (VII).
Embedded image
(In the formula, m is a number of 1 or more representing the average degree of polymerization, R 18 is an alkylene group, and R 19 is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkylaryl group or an acyl group.)
[0051]
In the formula (VII), m is preferably 1 to 10. Further, R 18 is preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group, and particularly preferably a propylene group. Further, R 19 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 2 to 28 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
[0052]
The compound represented by the formula (VII) is obtained by reacting maleic anhydride with a (poly) oxyalkylene derivative. Here, as the (poly) oxyalkylene derivative, for example, a compound having a (poly) oxyalkylene group having an average degree of polymerization of 1 or more and having one or more hydroxyl groups, and preferably having 1 to 2 hydroxyl groups is used. A compound having a (poly) oxyalkylene group having one, and particularly preferably a compound having a (poly) oxyalkylene group having one hydroxyl group. Examples of the (poly) oxyalkylene derivative include ether types such as (poly) oxyalkylene alkyl ether; ester types such as (poly) oxyalkylene fatty acid monoester; ether ester types such as (poly) oxyalkylene glycerin fatty acid ester; ) Oxyalkylene fatty acid amides, nitrogen-containing types such as (poly) oxyalkylenealkylamines, etc., of which ether type and ester type are preferable, and ether type is particularly preferable.
[0053]
Examples of the ether type (poly) oxyalkylene derivatives include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene decyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl ether, polyoxyethylene 2-ethylhexyl ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene lauryl ether, and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether. Polyoxyalkylene aliphatic ethers such as propylene stearyl ether and polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; polyoxyalkylene aromatic ethers such as polyoxyethylene benzyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene benzylated phenyl ether; However, a polyoxyalkylene aliphatic ether is preferred. Further, polyoxyethylene alkyl or alkenyl ether, and polyoxypropylene alkyl or alkenyl ether are preferable. In particular, the average degree of polymerization of polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene is 1 to 10, and the alkyl group or alkenyl group has 8 carbon atoms. ~ 18 is preferred. Specifically, POE (q) is abbreviated to POE, and POP (r) is abbreviated to POE (3) octyl ether, POE (4) 2- Ethylhexyl ether, POE (3) decyl ether, POE (5) decyl ether, POE (3) lauryl ether, POE (8) lauryl ether, POE (1) stearyl ether, POP (3) lauryl ether, POP (5) lauryl Ether and POP (5) myristyl ether. The above (poly) oxyalkylene derivatives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0054]
Carbon black can also be compounded in the rubber composition. In this case, the compounding amount of the carbon black is 20 to 80 parts by mass, preferably 30 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If the amount of carbon black is less than 20 parts by mass, the heat resistance of the tire is excellent, but the wear resistance is remarkably reduced. If it exceeds 80 parts by mass, the heat generation of the tire is remarkably increased, and the rubber composition is kneaded. Workability at the time is significantly reduced. The carbon black preferably has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 30 to 160 m 2 / g. When the N 2 SA of the carbon black is less than 30 m 2 / g, the heat generation of the tire is excellent, but the breaking characteristics such as abrasion resistance are remarkably reduced. When the N 2 SA exceeds 160 m 2 / g, the rubber composition has Workability during kneading is significantly reduced.
[0055]
In addition to the rubber component, the inorganic filler, the silane coupling agent, the compound (Z), the hydrazone compound, the partial ester of maleic anhydride, and carbon black, the rubber composition includes a compounding agent which is generally used in the rubber industry. For example, a softener, an antioxidant, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator and the like can be appropriately compounded according to the purpose.
[0056]
The pneumatic tire of the present invention is preferably used as a heavy-duty pneumatic tire because the rubber composition having high elasticity, low heat generation and improved wear resistance is applied to a tire member as described above. Further, the tire is particularly suitable as an off-road tire for running on a rough road. In addition, as a gas filled in the pneumatic tire of the present invention, an inert gas such as nitrogen, argon, helium, or the like can be used in addition to normal or air whose oxygen partial pressure is adjusted.
[0057]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
[0058]
Rubber compositions having the formulation shown in Table 1 were prepared, and the elastic modulus was evaluated by the following method. The rubber composition was used for a tread and vulcanized under normal vulcanization conditions to produce a tire (off-road tire) having a size of 3700R57, and the heat generation and abrasion resistance were evaluated by the following methods. Table 1 shows the results.
[0059]
(1) Elastic Modulus For the sample obtained by vulcanizing the above rubber composition, the dynamic storage elastic modulus (E ′) was measured at a strain of 1%, 50 Hz and a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. using a spectrometer manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd. The index was indicated as an index with Comparative Example 1 being 100. The larger the index value, the higher the elastic modulus and the higher the rigidity.
[0060]
(2) Exothermicity The above test tire was subjected to a drum test under a constant speed and a step load condition, and the temperature at a constant depth position inside the tire tread was measured. . The larger the index value, the lower the temperature and the greater the effect of reducing heat generation.
[0061]
(3) Wear resistance After mounting the test tires on four wheels of an off-road car and running for 2000 hours,
Travel distance / (groove depth before running of tread-groove depth after running)
Was calculated, and Comparative Example 1 was set as 100 to indicate an index. The larger the index value, the higher and better the wear resistance.
[0062]
[Table 1]
[0063]
From Table 1, each of the rubber compositions of Examples 1 to 4 to which the compound (Z) was added was added to each of the rubber compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in which the same amount of silica as the rubber composition of each example was blended. It can be seen that the elastic modulus has improved. In addition, the tires of Examples using the rubber composition for a tread had low heat build-up and improved wear resistance. Examples 2 to 4 and 5 to 7 show that as the amount of compound (Z) increases, the elastic modulus increases. Further, from Example 8, it can be seen that the elasticity and wear resistance can be improved by increasing the amount of SBR, while the heat build-up can be reduced by increasing the amount of natural rubber.
[0064]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a tire component is prepared by mixing a compound (Z) having at least one reactive group a for a rubber component and at least two adsorbable groups b for an inorganic filler in the same molecule. In particular, by applying to a tread, it is possible to provide a pneumatic tire having high elasticity, low heat generation, and improved wear resistance.
Claims (18)
wM・xSiOy・zH2O ・・・ (III)
(式中、Mは、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウム及びジルコニウムからなる群から選ばれる金属、これらの金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及びそれらの水和物、またはこれらの金属の炭酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも一種であり;w、x、y及びzは、それぞれ1〜5の整数、0〜10の整数、2〜5の整数、及び0〜10の整数である。)The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic filler is an inorganic compound represented by the following formula (III).
wM · xSiO y · zH 2 O (III)
(Wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium and zirconium, oxides or hydroxides of these metals, and hydrates thereof, or carbonates of these metals) And w, x, y, and z are each an integer of 1 to 5, an integer of 0 to 10, an integer of 2 to 5, and an integer of 0 to 10.)
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JP2006131681A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-05-25 | Bridgestone Corp | Rubber composition and pneumatic tire |
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JP2006225606A (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Bridgestone Corp | Pneumatic tire |
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