JP2004225991A - On-vehicle refrigeration unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an on-vehicle refrigeration unit capable of controlling a ground power source 6 not over a limit of a specific allowable electric energy in a case when the cooling in the refrigerating device and the charging to an on-vehicle battery 18 are performed in parallel by supplying the power from the ground power source 6 in a state that an engine 3 is stopped. <P>SOLUTION: An input switch 21 is mounted on an electric controller 17, for inputting the specific allowable electric energy of the ground power source 6, and an electric controller 17 controls the total of the first allowable electric energy for driving an electric motor 5 and a second allowable electric energy for charging an on-vehicle battery 18 not over the specific allowable electric energy in a case when the cooling in a refrigeration cycle R and the charging to the on-vehicle battery 18 are performed in parallel by the power supplied from the ground power source 6. Whereby the situation that both of cooling and charging are not performed because of the disconnection of the power source caused by over load, can be prevented, through the probability of insufficient cooling and charging remains. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an in-vehicle refrigeration apparatus that can be operated at least by power supply from a ground power supply or a vehicle-mounted battery and that can charge a vehicle-mounted battery by power supply from a ground power supply.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional technique, as shown in Patent Document 1, three types of power supplies, a generator, a ground power supply (commercial power supply in the literature), and a vehicle-mounted battery (a storage battery unit in the literature), are used to drive a compressor. Some control devices (system controllers in the literature) are used selectively.
[0003]
Basically, the generator is used during normal running (when the engine is running), and the ground power supply is used when the ground power supply is available. If a ground power source is not available, an on-board battery is used. Further, the vehicle-mounted battery is charged by power supply from a generator or a ground power supply.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2002-81823
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional on-board refrigeration apparatus, when cooling in the refrigeration apparatus and charging of the on-board battery are performed in parallel with power supply from the ground power supply while the engine is stopped, the predetermined allowable power amount of the terrestrial power supply is not satisfied. There is a problem in that the limit is exceeded, and in some cases, the power cutoff device is activated and neither cooling nor charging is performed.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to perform cooling in a refrigerating apparatus and charging of a vehicle-mounted battery by power supply from a ground power supply while an engine is stopped. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle-mounted refrigeration system that can control the power supply so as not to exceed a limit of a predetermined allowable power amount of the ground power supply.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the technical means described in claims 1 to 5 is adopted. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the electric motor (5) is driven by the power supply from the ground power supply (6) or the vehicle-mounted battery (18), and the charging of the vehicle-mounted battery (18) is performed by power supply from the ground power supply. An electric control means (17) having a charging function to perform the operation, a compressor (4) driven by an electric motor (5) to pump the refrigerant, and a refrigeration cycle (R) in which the refrigerant is circulated by the compressor (4) to perform cooling. In the in-vehicle refrigeration system having
The electric control means (17) is provided with an input means (21) for inputting a predetermined allowable power amount of the ground power supply (6), and the electric control means (17) is provided with a power supply from the ground power supply (6). ) And charging the vehicle battery (18) in parallel, the first allowable power for driving the electric motor (5) and the second allowable power for charging the vehicle battery (18). It is characterized in that control is performed so that the sum with the electric energy does not exceed a predetermined allowable electric energy.
[0008]
In a specific example, when a 15-amp power source of commercial 100 volts is used as the ground power source (6), for example, if “15 (ampere)” is input by the input means (21), the motor drive is performed. The control is performed so that the total used power of the battery and the battery does not exceed 1500 watts (the total current does not exceed 15 amps). As a result, even if there is a possibility that cooling or charging is not sufficiently performed, it is possible to prevent a situation in which power is cut off due to an overload, and neither cooling nor charging is performed.
[0009]
In the invention described in claim 2, the electric control means (17) performs the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the vehicle-mounted battery (18) in parallel by supplying power from the ground power supply (6). The predetermined allowable power amount is allocated to a first allowable power amount and a second allowable power amount at a predetermined ratio, and control is performed so as not to exceed each allowable power amount. As a result, the power consumption ratio between the motor drive and the battery charge is set in advance, and by inputting the allowable power amount of the ground power supply to be connected, the allowable power amount allocated to the power consumption ratio exceeds Control is performed so that there is not.
[0010]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the electric control means (17) starts cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and charging of the on-vehicle battery (18), the electric control means (17) performs refrigeration based on the current temperature condition with respect to the target cooling temperature. The charge load is calculated from the cooling load of the cycle (R) and the state of discharge of the vehicle-mounted battery (18), and the predetermined allowable power amount is converted into the first allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount according to the load ratio between the two. It is characterized by allocation. Thereby, the respective allowable power amounts according to the cooling load and the charging load when starting the cooling and the charging are allocated, so that both the cooling and the charging can be quickly brought to the target values.
[0011]
According to the invention described in claim 4, the electric control means (17) calculates the cooling load and the charging load each time a predetermined time elapses, and calculates the first allowable power amount according to the load ratio of both at each time. The allocation with the second allowable power amount is variable. As a result, not only the starting point, but also each allowable power amount according to the cooling load and the charging load at each point in time every predetermined time elapses, so that both the cooling and the charging are brought to the target values earlier. be able to.
[0012]
In the invention described in claim 5, the electric control means (17) performs the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the vehicle-mounted battery (18) in parallel by supplying power from the ground power supply (6). Means that the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) is prioritized, the amount of power for driving the electric motor (5) is subtracted from the predetermined allowable amount of power, and the remaining amount is used for charging the vehicle-mounted battery (18). It is characterized in that it is allocated as an amount. Thus, control giving priority to cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) is performed.
[0013]
In the invention according to claim 6, the electric control means (17) performs the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the vehicle-mounted battery (18) in parallel by supplying power from the ground power supply (6). Gives priority to charging the vehicle-mounted battery (18), subtracts the amount of power for charging the vehicle-mounted battery (18) from the predetermined allowable power amount, and uses the remaining amount as the power for driving the electric motor (5). It is characterized in that it is allocated as an amount. As a result, control giving priority to charging the vehicle-mounted battery (18) is performed.
[0014]
In the invention according to claim 7, the electric control means is provided with a selection means (22) which allows a user to select which of the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the on-vehicle battery (18) is prioritized. (17) The operation described in claim 5 or claim 6 is performed according to the state of the selection means (22). Thereby, the user can select the priority between the cooling and the charging according to the situation, and the usability is improved. Incidentally, the reference numerals in the parentheses of the above-described units are examples showing the correspondence with specific units described in the embodiments described later.
[0015]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(1st Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the on-board refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a piping and wiring diagram of the on-board refrigeration apparatus in the embodiment of FIG. This embodiment is applied to a truck-type refrigerating vehicle as a vehicle-mounted refrigerating device.
[0016]
1 is a driving cabin, 2 is a freezer compartment, and 3 is a vehicle engine. Reference numeral 4 denotes a compressor for pumping the refrigerant, which is driven by an electric motor 5. In this embodiment, the compressor 4 is configured by using a hybrid compressor 20 which can be driven by the vehicle engine 3. Reference numeral 19 denotes an electromagnetic clutch for switching between driving by the engine 3 and driving by the electric motor 5 in the hybrid compressor 20. The engine 3 and the hybrid compressor 20 are both installed in an engine room.
[0017]
Reference numeral 7 denotes a condenser that radiates heat of the refrigerant, and is installed on the cabin 1. Reference numeral 8 denotes an expansion valve as a decompression means for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant. Reference numeral 9 denotes an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant to cool the air, and is installed above the freezing compartment 2. Incidentally, reference numerals 7a and 9a denote blower fans for blowing air to the condenser 7 and the evaporator 9, respectively. The compressor 4, the condenser 7, the expansion valve 8, and the evaporator 9 are connected in a ring shape as shown in FIG.
[0018]
With the above configuration, for example, when the engine 3 is operating during traveling or the like, the compressor 3 is driven by the engine 3 to operate a refrigeration cycle R described later (normal cooling operation). When the engine 3 is stopped for a short time, for example, when the vehicle is stopped during delivery or the like, power is supplied from a motor battery (vehicle-mounted battery) 18 via an electric control device (electric control means) 17 and the electric motor 5 The compressor 4 is driven to operate the refrigeration cycle R (cooling operation, idling stop operation).
[0019]
Also, when the engine 3 has been stopped for a long time, for example, when loading luggage, the electric control device 17 is connected to the ground power source 6 to receive power. Drives the refrigeration cycle (pre-cooling operation). The operation of driving the electric motor 5 by power supply from the battery 18 and the operation of driving the electric motor 5 by power supply from the ground power supply 6 are switched by a signal from an air conditioning control device (not shown).
[0020]
When connected to the ground power supply 6, the electric control device 17 has an AC-DC conversion function of converting supplied AC into DC, and a charging function of charging the battery 18 with power supplied from the ground power supply 6. have.
[0021]
This is because the compressor 3 is driven by the electric motor 5 by the power supply from the ground power supply 6 by connecting the power supply from the ground power supply 6 and receiving the power supply while the engine 3 is stopped as described above. The battery 18 can be charged by the power supply from the ground power supply 6 in parallel with the cooling at the battery. As a result, the battery 18 is charged so that the freezer compartment can be cooled while the vehicle is parked and the freezer compartment can be cooled during the next delivery.
[0022]
The electric control device 17 charges the battery 18 when power is supplied from the ground power supply 6 in a state where the engine 3 and the refrigeration cycle R are stopped. By connecting to the ground power source 6 while the vehicle is parked, the battery 18 is charged so that the freezer compartment can be cooled during the next delivery.
[0023]
Next, features of the present embodiment will be described. First, an input switch (input means) 21 for inputting a predetermined allowable power amount of the ground power supply 6 to the electric control device 17 is provided. The input switch 21 is for inputting an allowable power amount of the ground power supply 6 connected to the user. When the electric control device 17 performs the cooling in the refrigeration cycle R and the charging of the battery 18 in parallel by supplying power from the ground power supply 6, the first allowable power amount for driving the electric motor 5 and the battery Control is performed so that the sum with the second allowable power amount for charging 18 does not exceed the predetermined allowable power amount.
[0024]
In a specific example, when a 15-amp power source of commercial 100 volts is used as the ground power source 6, for example, if “15 (ampere)” is input by the input switch 21, the electric power used for driving the motor and charging the battery is used. Is controlled so that the total current does not exceed 1500 watts (the total current does not exceed 15 amps).
[0025]
In this method, the input predetermined allowable power amount is allocated to a first allowable power amount and a second allowable power amount at a predetermined ratio, and control is performed so as not to exceed each allowable power amount. The power consumption ratio for charging is set in advance, and by inputting the permissible power amount of the ground power source to be connected, control is performed so as not to exceed each permissible power amount allocated to the power consumption ratio.
[0026]
As a result, even if there is a possibility that cooling or charging is not sufficiently performed, it is possible to prevent a situation in which power is cut off due to an overload, and neither cooling nor charging is performed. Note that the predetermined ratio of the allowable power amount between the cooling and the charging may be input by providing a variable ratio setting means, so that the user can change and set the ratio according to the situation.
[0027]
(2nd Embodiment)
The configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and only the control method in the electric control device 17 is different. When starting the cooling in the refrigeration cycle R and charging the battery 18, the electric control device 17 determines the cooling load of the refrigeration cycle R based on the current temperature state with respect to the target cooling temperature, and the charging load based on the discharge state of the battery 18. Is calculated, and the predetermined allowable power amount is allocated to the first allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount according to the load ratio between the two.
[0028]
As a result, the respective allowable power amounts according to the cooling load and the charging load at the time of starting the cooling and the charging are allocated, so that both the cooling and the charging are set to the target values earlier than the allocation at the predetermined ratio in the first embodiment. You can take it to
[0029]
Further, the control method in the electric control device 17 is partially changed, a cooling load and a charging load are calculated each time a predetermined time elapses, and the first allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount are calculated in accordance with the load ratio of the two at each time. The allocation with the electric energy may be made variable. As a result, not only the start time, but also each allowable power amount according to the cooling load and the charging load at each time point every predetermined time has elapsed, so that both the cooling and the charging are brought to the target values more quickly. You can do it.
[0030]
(Third embodiment)
The configuration of the first embodiment is provided with a selection switch (selection means) 22 that allows the user to select which of the cooling in the refrigeration cycle R and the charging of the battery 18 is prioritized, and a control method in the electric control device 17. However, depending on the state of the selection switch 22, one of the following cooling priority control and charge priority control is performed.
[0031]
Cooling priority control: The electric control device 17 gives priority to cooling in the refrigeration cycle R when cooling in the refrigeration cycle R and charging of the battery 18 are performed in parallel by power supply from the ground power source 6. The power amount for driving the electric motor 5 is subtracted from the allowable power amount, and the remaining amount is allocated as the power amount for charging the battery 18. Thus, control giving priority to cooling in the refrigeration cycle R is performed.
[0032]
Charging priority control: The electric control device 17 gives priority to charging the vehicle-mounted battery 18 when cooling in the refrigeration cycle R and charging the battery 18 are performed in parallel by power supply from the ground power source 6. The power amount for charging the vehicle-mounted battery 18 is subtracted from the allowable power amount, and the remaining amount is allocated as the power amount for driving the electric motor 5. As a result, control giving priority to charging the vehicle-mounted battery 18 is performed.
[0033]
By providing a switch capable of switching between the cooling priority control and the charging priority control, the user can select the priority between the cooling and the charging according to the situation, and the usability is improved.
[0034]
(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the hybrid compressor is configured to be driven by either the vehicle engine 3 or the electric motor 5 to pump the refrigerant. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The compressor 4 may be a compressor 4 for pumping the refrigerant. The on-vehicle refrigeration apparatus to which the present invention is applied has a generator driven by a vehicle engine. The output of the generator drives an electric motor to perform cooling in a refrigeration cycle, It may be configured to perform charging or the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an arrangement of a vehicle-mounted refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a piping and wiring diagram of the on-vehicle refrigeration apparatus in the embodiment of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
4 Compressor 5 Electric motor 6 Ground power supply 17 Electric control device (electric control means)
18 Motor battery (vehicle battery)
21 Input switch (input means)
22 Selection switch (selection means)
R refrigeration cycle

Claims (7)

Electricity having a charging function of driving the electric motor (5) by power supply from the ground power supply (6) or the vehicle-mounted battery (18) and charging the vehicle-mounted battery (18) by power supply from the ground power supply (6). Control means (17);
A compressor (4) driven by the electric motor (5) to pump the refrigerant;
A refrigerating cycle (R) in which a refrigerant is circulated and cooled by the compressor (4);
The electric control means (17) is provided with an input means (21) for inputting a predetermined allowable power amount of the ground power supply (6), and the electric control means (17) is supplied with power from the ground power supply (6). When the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the on-vehicle battery (18) are performed in parallel, the first allowable power amount for driving the electric motor (5) and the on-vehicle battery (18) The vehicle-mounted refrigeration apparatus is controlled so that the sum of the second allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount does not exceed the predetermined allowable power amount. The electric control means (17) is configured to control the predetermined allowable power when the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the on-vehicle battery (18) are performed in parallel by power supply from the ground power supply (6). 2. The on-vehicle refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein an amount is allocated to the first allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount at a predetermined ratio, and control is performed so as not to exceed each allowable power amount. When starting the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and charging the on-vehicle battery (18), the electric control means (17) determines the temperature of the refrigeration cycle (R) based on a current temperature condition with respect to a target cooling temperature. A charge load is calculated from a cooling load and a discharge state of the vehicle-mounted battery (18), and the predetermined allowable power amount is allocated to the first allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount according to a load ratio between the two. The in-vehicle refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The electric control means (17) calculates the cooling load and the charging load each time a predetermined time elapses, and calculates the first allowable power amount and the second allowable power amount according to a load ratio of the cooling load and the charging load at each time. The in-vehicle refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the allocation with the amount is variable. The electric control means (17) controls the refrigeration cycle (R) when the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the vehicle-mounted battery (18) are performed in parallel by the power supply from the ground power supply (6). R), the power for driving the electric motor (5) is subtracted from the predetermined allowable power, and the remaining power is used for charging the vehicle-mounted battery (18). The in-vehicle refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the on-board refrigeration apparatus is assigned as: The electric control means (17) controls the on-vehicle battery (18) when the cooling in the refrigerating cycle (R) and the charging of the on-vehicle battery (18) are performed in parallel by power supply from the ground power supply (6). 18), the electric energy for charging the on-vehicle battery (18) is subtracted from the predetermined allowable electric energy, and the remaining energy is used as the electric energy for driving the electric motor (5). The in-vehicle refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the on-board refrigeration apparatus is assigned as: A selection means (22) for allowing a user to select which of the cooling in the refrigeration cycle (R) and the charging of the on-vehicle battery (18) is prioritized is provided, and the electric control means (17) The in-vehicle refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the operation according to claim 5 or 6 is performed according to the state of the selection means (22).

Images