JP2004214188A - Sunlight collecting device and light collecting condition setting program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sunlight collecting device utilizing sunlight with a simple mechanism and a small size, without energy consumption and making it unnecessary to trace the sun, disusing complicated structures for guiding light, capable of being easily installed to an existing house afterwards, not influenced by weather, capable of sufficiently lighting regardless of whether it is cloudy or rainy. <P>SOLUTION: A reflection plate 1, reflecting scattered sunlight 105 scattered in open air and guiding the scattered sunlight 105 into a house 103 through a light transmission part 102, is installed at the side of the house 103 having the light transmission part 102 at a side wall part 101. As the scattered light is utilized, it is not necessary to trace the sun, and it is possible to sufficiently light regardless of whether it is cloudy or rainy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a solar lighting device for guiding indoor scattered light scattered in the atmosphere to illuminate indoors.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a solar lighting device that performs indoor lighting using sunlight has been proposed.

  Such a daylighting device utilizes direct light from the sun, so-called direct sunlight. That is, such a solar lighting device is configured to include a reflecting mirror that is installed in a place exposed to direct sunlight and reflects the direct sunlight, and a light guide unit that guides the direct sunlight reflected by the reflecting mirror indoors. Have been. This light guide means is constituted by a lens, an optical fiber, or the like.

  In such a solar lighting device, the direction of the reflecting mirror is continuously moved (tracked) so as to follow the sun in response to the change in the position of the sun over time. are doing.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-135115 JP 2001-035219 A solar lighting system JP-A-2000-149628 Light duct device Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-064525 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 10-340607 Lighting planning method for houses

  By the way, in the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, a moving mechanism for moving the reflecting mirror for tracking the sun is necessary, and this moving mechanism has caused the device to be complicated and large. . Further, energy such as electric power is required for securing the driving force in the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism cannot be used in an area where the supply of such energy is not guaranteed.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, since the configuration of the light guide means is complicated, the production and installation are complicated and difficult, and it is difficult to install the solar light in an existing house later.

  Furthermore, in the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, the lighting effect is greatly affected by the weather, and sufficient lighting cannot be performed under conditions where direct sunlight cannot be obtained, such as in cloudy or rainy weather.

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described circumstances, and although it is a solar lighting device using sunlight, the sun does not need to be tracked, the mechanism is simplified, the size is reduced, and the energy is reduced. There is no consumption, no complicated structure for light guiding is required, it is easy to install it in an existing house later, and there is almost no influence on the lighting effect by the weather, An object of the present invention is to provide a solar lighting device capable of performing sufficient illumination even in rainy weather.

  Further, the present invention provides a reflector disposed on a side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion, reflects the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere by the reflecting plate, and passes the light through the light transmitting portion. In guiding the sun scattered light into a house, the installation location, size, shape, reflectance, and diffusivity of the reflector are optimized according to the state of the surroundings of the house, and conditions for performing the most efficient lighting are specified. It is an object of the present invention to provide a program for setting lighting conditions that can be performed.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a solar lighting device according to the present invention is provided on a side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion, and reflects light scattered in the air to form a light transmitting portion. A reflection plate for guiding solar scattered light into the house through the housing.

  In this sunlight collecting device, since the sun scattered light is used, the tracking of the sun is not required, and the weather does not substantially affect the lighting effect.

  According to the present invention, in the above daylighting device, the reflecting plate has a surface portion that reflects the solar scattered light, and a scattering surface that forms fine irregularities and scatters the reflected light. is there.

  In this solar lighting device, since the surface portion of the reflector is a scattering surface, scattered light from a wider range of the sky can be guided to the light transmitting portion of the house, so that the lighting effect due to the weather can be reduced. Can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, in the above-described sunlight collecting device, the surface of the reflector that reflects the solar scattered light is a flat surface.

  In this solar lighting device, it is easy to manufacture the reflection plate.

  According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, the surface of the reflector that reflects the solar scattered light has a convex shape, and the reflected light is diffused.

  In this solar light collecting device, since the surface of the reflector is formed as a convex surface, scattered light from a wider range of the sky can be guided to the light transmitting portion of the house. The influence can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, in the above daylighting device, the reflection plate has a reflectance of 60% or more in a visible light region of a surface portion that reflects the solar scattered light.

  In this sunlight collecting device, scattered light from the sky can be efficiently guided to the light transmitting portion of the house.

  The present invention is directed to the above-described solar light collecting device, wherein the reflecting plate guides the solar scattered light to near the upper part of the light transmitting part, and is provided near the upper part of the light transmitting part and guided by the reflecting plate. A sub-reflector is provided to guide the solar scattered light downward from the upper part of the light transmitting portion toward the house by reflecting the light.

  In this sunlight collecting device, the scattered light guided into the house is guided downward from above the light transmitting portion, so that the house can be in a natural lighting state.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the above sunlight collecting device, the reflecting plate is installed at an angle with the lower end supported at a position below the light transmitting portion by the side wall of the house. An eaves member which is provided at a position above the transmission portion and is made of a light-transmitting material and supports the upper end side of the reflection plate. And a sub-reflector for guiding the solar scattered light downward.

  In this solar lighting device, the scattered light guided into the house is guided downward from the upper part of the light transmitting portion, so that the house can be in a natural lighting state, and the reflecting plate is provided with an eaves member. Thus, the reflection plate is protected from rainfall and the like, so that the reflection plate is prevented from being stained and the reflectance is deteriorated. Furthermore, in this sunlight collecting device, since the reflector is supported by the side wall of the house and the eaves member provided on the side wall, there is no need to provide a member that supports the reflector at a position away from the house. .

  According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned sunlight collecting apparatus, a plurality of sub-reflectors are provided, which sequentially reflect the solar scattered light reflected by the reflector and guide the scattered light toward the inside of the house.

  According to this solar lighting device, it is possible to efficiently illuminate a place in a house distant from the light transmitting portion.

  According to the present invention, in the above daylighting device, the reflection plate can be folded and housed.

  In this sunlight collecting device, the breakage or loss of the reflector can be prevented by folding the reflector in a strong wind or the like.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, the reflection plate is formed in a flexible long sheet shape, and is bridged between a pair of winding shafts, and at least one of the winding shafts is provided. The winding by the winding shaft can be performed.

  In this solar light collecting device, when the reflector is contaminated, the reflector is wound around one of the winding shafts, and a portion wound around the other winding shaft is positioned between the pair of winding shafts. By pulling it out, a reflector plate that is always clean can be easily used.

  Further, the present invention provides the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, wherein the reflector can adjust the elevation angle and the azimuth angle.

  In this solar lighting device, the direction of the reflector can be easily adjusted according to the state of the sun shield around the house, the weather, and the time.

  Further, the present invention provides the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, wherein the reflecting plate is formed by applying a reflecting paint to an inclined upper end surface of a handrail wall installed on the side of the house. Things.

  In this sunlight collecting device, since the reflection plate is integrated with the handrail wall installed on the side of the house, there is no fear of damage or loss due to strong wind or the like.

  The daylighting condition setting program according to the present invention includes the steps of: installing a reflection plate on a side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion; reflecting the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere by the reflection plate; In guiding the sun scattered light into the house through the transmission part, the installation location, size, shape, reflectance, and diffusivity of the reflector are calculated based on the state of existence of the sun shield around the house. It is characterized by doing.

  In this daylighting condition setting program, the installation location, size, shape, reflectivity and diffusivity of the reflector can be optimized according to the state of the surroundings of the house. Can be specified.

  In addition, the program for setting lighting conditions according to the present invention includes the steps of: installing a reflector on a side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion; reflecting the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere by the reflector; In guiding the solar scattered light into the house through the transmitting part, the light-receiving opening toward the sky, which is separated by the sunlight shield around the house, is treated as a light source, and the reflector and the light incident on the reflector are used. And a light-transmitting member and a light reflecting portion in the house through which light emitted from the reflecting plate is transmitted as an optical element, and a simulation of illuminance for an illuminated area in the house is performed based on geometrical optics. Calculate the installation location, area, shape, reflectivity, wavelength dependence of reflectance, diffusion coefficient and diffusion angle dependence of diffuse reflection characteristics, and the number of sheets. For translucent members, install location, area, shape, transmission , The wavelength dependence of the transmittance, the diffusion transmittance characteristic in which the diffusion coefficient and diffusion of angular dependence, and calculating the number, is characterized in that to optimize for these optical elements.

  In the daylighting condition setting program, each optical element is optimized, and the illuminance in the illuminated area in the house can be sufficiently ensured.

  As described above, the sunlight collecting device according to the present invention is installed on the side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion, reflects solar scattered light scattered in the air, and transmits light through the light transmitting portion to a house. And a reflector for guiding the solar scattered light.

  In this solar lighting device, since the sun scattered light is used, the tracking of the sun is unnecessary, the mechanism is simplified, the size is reduced, there is no energy consumption, and the lighting effect is hardly affected by the weather, Sufficient lighting can be performed even in cloudy weather or rainy weather, and since a light guiding means having a complicated configuration is not used, it can be easily installed later in an existing house.

  Further, in this solar light collecting device, when the surface of the reflector that reflects the solar scattered light is a scattering surface that is formed with fine irregularities and scatters the reflected light, the scattered light from a wider range of the sky is scattered. Since the light can be led to the light transmitting portion of the house, the influence of the weather on the lighting effect can be reduced.

  Further, in this solar light collecting device, when the surface of the reflector that reflects the solar scattered light is a flat surface, the reflector can be easily manufactured.

  Further, in this solar light collecting apparatus, when the surface of the reflector that reflects the solar scattered light is made convex and the reflected light is diffused, the scattered light from a wider range of the sky is reflected on the light of the house. Since the light can be guided to the transmission part, the influence of the weather on the lighting effect can be reduced.

  Further, in this solar light collecting device, when the reflectance of the surface of the reflector that reflects the solar scattered light in the visible light region is 60% or more, the scattered light from the sky is transmitted through the house. Can be efficiently guided to the part.

  Then, in this sunlight collecting device, the solar scattered light is guided by the reflector to the vicinity of the upper portion of the light transmitting portion, and the solar scattered light guided by the reflector is reflected to the house below the upper portion of the light transmitting portion. When the sub-reflector that guides the solar scattered light toward the light source is installed near the upper part of the light transmitting part, the interior of the house can be set in a natural lighting state.

  Further, in this solar light collecting device, the reflector is installed at a position above the light transmitting portion on the side wall of the house while supporting the lower end of the reflecting plate at the position below the light transmitting portion by the side wall of the house. And an eaves member made of a translucent material that supports the upper end side of the reflector, and is provided near the upper part of the light transmitting portion and reflects the solar scattered light guided by the reflector to face down the house. When a sub-reflector that guides the solar scattered light is provided, the interior of the house can be made to have a natural illumination state, and the reflector can be prevented from being stained and the reflectance can be prevented from deteriorating. There is no need to provide a member that supports the device at a position away from the house, and the device configuration can be simplified.

  In addition, in this solar light collecting device, when a plurality of sub-reflectors are provided to sequentially reflect the solar scattered light reflected by the reflector and guide the reflected light toward the inside of the house, the plurality of sub-reflectors are separated from the light transmitting portion in the house. It is possible to efficiently light the place.

  Further, in this sunlight collecting device, when the reflecting plate can be folded and housed, when the wind is strong, the reflecting plate is folded to prevent breakage or loss of the reflecting plate. it can.

  Further, in this sunlight collecting device, the reflection plate is formed in a long sheet having flexibility and is stretched between a pair of winding shafts, so that the winding by at least one of the winding shafts can be performed. If it is possible, if the reflection plate becomes dirty, this reflection plate is wound around one winding shaft, and the part wound around the other winding shaft is moved between a pair of winding shafts. By pulling it out to the position, it is possible to easily use a reflecting plate that is always clean.

  Furthermore, in this solar light collecting device, when the reflector can be adjusted in elevation and azimuth, the reflector can be adjusted according to the state of the sun shield around the house, the weather, and the time. The direction can be easily adjusted.

  Furthermore, in this solar light collecting device, when the reflecting plate is formed by applying a reflecting paint to the inclined upper end surface of the handrail wall installed on the side of the house, the reflecting plate Is integrated with the handrail wall installed on the side of the house, so there is no danger of the reflector being damaged or lost due to strong wind or the like.

  The daylighting condition setting program according to the present invention includes the steps of: installing a reflection plate on a side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion; reflecting the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere by the reflection plate; In guiding the sun scattered light into the house through the transmission part, the installation location, size, shape, reflectance, and diffusivity of the reflector are calculated based on the state of existence of the sun shield around the house. I do.

  In this daylighting condition setting program, the installation location, size, shape, reflectivity and diffusivity of the reflector can be optimized according to the state of the surroundings of the house. Can be specified.

  In the daylighting condition setting program according to the present invention, a daylighting opening toward the sky separated by a sunshade around the house is treated as a light source, and a reflection plate, light incident on the reflection plate and reflection of the light are reflected. The translucent member through which the light emitted from the plate is transmitted and the light reflecting part in the house are used as optical elements, and simulation of the illuminance of the illuminated area in the house is performed based on geometrical optics, and optimization for each optical element is performed. As a result, the illuminance in the illuminated area in the house can be sufficiently ensured.

  That is, although the present invention is a solar lighting device using sunlight, it does not require tracking of the sun, has a simple and compact mechanism, consumes no energy, and has a complicated structure for guiding light. Is not necessary, it is easy to install it in an existing house later, and there is almost no effect on the lighting effect due to the weather, and sufficient sunlight can be provided even in cloudy or rainy weather A lighting device can be provided.

  In addition, the present invention optimizes the location, size, shape, reflectance, and diffusivity of the reflector according to the state of the surroundings of the house, and can specify the conditions for performing the most efficient lighting. Can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a solar lighting device according to the present invention includes a reflecting plate 1 installed on a side of a house 103 having a light transmitting portion 102 such as a window on a side wall portion 101. The reflecting plate 1 reflects the solar scattered light 105 scattered in the atmosphere by the support member 2 and guides the solar scattered light 105 into the house 103 through the light transmitting portion 102. At a predetermined angle. The support member 2 is installed on the ground on the side of the house 103 and supports the reflector 1 via a support shaft 4 on the upper end side. The inside of the house 103 is illuminated by the sun scattered light 105 guided as described above.

  Although the light transmitting portion 102 of the house 103 is shown as an opening in the drawing, the light transmitting portion 102 may be in a state of transmitting light even if it is closed with a transparent material such as glass.

  As the reflection plate 1, a metal plate such as aluminum, or a material in which a metal foil such as aluminum is adhered to the surface of a base material made of a synthetic resin material, wood, glass, or the like can be used.

  The sun scattered light 105 is light that is emitted from the sun 104 and is scattered by the atmosphere, dust and water droplets in the atmosphere, and reaches the ground with a substantially uniform density from the whole sky. Things. Therefore, the amount of the sun scattered light 105 that reaches the light transmitting part 102 of the house 103 is substantially proportional to the area of the sky (solid angle) corresponding to the light transmitting part 102 via the reflector 1.

  Since the amount of the sun scattered light 105 may be larger in cloudy weather than in fine weather, the amount of light guided to the light transmission unit 102 via the reflector 1 in this solar light collecting device may vary depending on the weather. Not much affected by Further, in this sunlight collecting device, since the sun scattered light 105 is used, the reflector 1 does not need to track the sun 104.

  In addition, in this sunlight collecting device, the surface portion of the reflection plate 1 that reflects the sun scattered light 105 may be configured as a scattering surface on which minute unevenness is formed and scatters the reflected light. Assuming that the surface of the reflector 1 is a scattering surface as described above, the solar scattered light 105 from a wider range (large solid angle range) in the sky can be guided to the light transmitting section 102 of the house 103. The effect on the lighting effect can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the reflectance and the diffusion characteristics at the surface of the reflector 1 can be represented by a vector representing the direction and light intensity of the light reflected by the reflector 1. The reflectance and diffusion characteristics of the reflector 1 are such that, for example, reflected light having an emission angle equal to the incident angle of incident light has the highest light intensity, and the light intensity decreases as the angle of the reflected light increases. have.

  In each of the optical elements described below, the transmittance and the diffusion characteristics of a member made of a light-transmitting material can be represented by a vector indicating the direction and light intensity of transmitted light of the member, as shown in FIG. 2B. The transmittance and diffusion characteristics of this member are such that, for example, transmitted light (on an extension of the incident light) having an emission angle equal to the incident angle of the incident light has the highest light intensity, and a light beam having a larger angle with respect to the transmitted light has a higher intensity. It has the characteristic that the light intensity decreases.

  Further, in this solar light collecting apparatus, the reflector 1 may be made easily by forming a surface portion that reflects the sun scattered light 105 as a flat surface, or as shown in FIG. May be configured as a convex surface. By making the surface of the reflector plate convex, the reflected light on this surface is diffused, and the solar scattered light 105 from a wider range (large solid angle range) in the sky is guided to the light transmitting part 102 of the house 103. And the effect of the weather on the lighting effect can be reduced.

  Then, in this sunlight collecting device, the reflection plate 1 increases the reflectance of the surface portion that reflects the sun scattered light 105 from the sky, thereby transmitting the sun scattered light 105 to the light transmitting portion 102 of the house 103. It is possible to efficiently guide the light, and it is desirable that the reflectance be, for example, a high reflectance of 60% or more in the visible light region.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in this solar light collecting apparatus, the reflecting plate 1 is installed so as to guide the solar scattered light 105 near the upper part of the light transmitting part 102, and the sub-reflection is formed near the upper part of the light transmitting part 102 The plate 3 may be provided and configured. The sub-reflection plate 3 reflects the sun scattered light 105 guided by the reflection plate 1 and guides the scattered light 105 downward from above the light transmitting portion 102 into the house 103. In addition, this sub-reflection plate 3 can also be provided by being attached to the lower surface of an eave provided above the light transmitting portion 102 of the house 103.

  By providing such a sub-reflector 3, the sun scattered light 105 guided into the house 103 is guided downward from the upper part of the light transmission part 102, so that the inside of the house 103 is in a natural lighting state. be able to. That is, in this case, for example, a table or a desk is illuminated from above, and an unnatural illumination state such as being illuminated from the side or below can be avoided.

  When the sub-reflector 3 is provided above the light transmitting portion 102, the lower portion of the light transmitting portion 102 may be closed by a light shielding wall 106 such as a door. In this case, even if the lower part of the light transmission part 102 is closed, the illumination effect is hardly affected.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in this solar lighting device, a plurality of sub-reflectors 4 and 5 are provided, which sequentially reflect the solar scattered light 105 reflected by the reflector 1 and guide the scattered light 105 toward the inside of the house 103. You can also. The sub-reflectors 4 and 5 are installed substantially parallel to each other with the reflecting surfaces facing each other. In this case, the sun scattered light 105 reflected by the reflecting plate 1 is obliquely incident between the sub-reflecting plates 4 and 5, and is repeatedly reflected between the sub-reflecting plates 4 and 5, while being reflected inside the house 103. You will be guided to one side. The sun scattered light 105 is radiated into the house 103 from the terminal portions of the sub-reflectors 4 and 5.

  By providing the plurality of sub-reflectors 4 and 5 in this manner, it is possible to efficiently illuminate a place in the house 103 that is farther from the light transmitting unit 102.

  By the way, in each configuration example of the above-mentioned sunlight collecting device, as shown in FIG. 6, the reflection plate 1 can be configured to be able to be folded and stored. That is, the reflecting plate 1 is divided into a plurality of portions, and each of the divided portions of the reflecting plate 1 is rotatably supported by the support member 2 via the support shaft 4. By doing so, each part of the reflecting plate 1 can be folded along the support member 2 by being rotated around the support shaft 4 as shown by an arrow A in FIG. it can.

  In a strong wind or the like, the reflector 1 can be prevented from being damaged or lost by folding the reflector 1 in this manner.

  In addition, in each configuration example of the solar light collecting device, as shown in FIG. 7, the reflection plate 1 is formed in a flexible long sheet shape, and is provided between a pair of winding shafts 5 and 6. It may be configured as a bridge. The pair of winding shafts 5 and 6 are parallel to each other, and are rotatably supported at both edge portions of the shaft support member 7. The shaft support member 7 is supported by the support member 2 via the support shaft 4.

  The reflection plate 1 can be wound by at least one of the winding shafts 5 and is wound around the other winding shaft 6 in advance.

  When the surface of the reflecting plate 1 thus configured becomes dirty, it is wound around one winding shaft 5 and wound around the other winding shaft 6 as shown by an arrow C in FIG. By pulling out the bent portion to a position between the pair of winding shafts 5 and 6, a clean portion can always be used easily.

  Furthermore, in each configuration example of the above-described sunlight collecting device, the reflection plate 1 may be configured such that the elevation angle and the azimuth angle can be adjusted. That is, the reflection plate 1 can adjust the elevation angle by rotating about the horizontal support shaft 4 with respect to the support member 2. The azimuth of the reflector 1 can be adjusted by rotating the support member 2 about a vertical line as shown by an arrow B in FIG.

  Since the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the reflection plate 1 can be adjusted in this manner, the orientation of the reflection plate 1 according to the state of the sky, such as the state of the sunlight shielding around the house 103, the weather, and the time. Can be easily adjusted. However, such adjustment of the elevation angle and the azimuth angle of the reflector 1 is almost unnecessary once performed once since the sunlight collecting device uses the sun scattered light 105. .

  In this solar lighting device, as shown in FIG. 8, the reflection plate 1 is installed at a lower end side at a position below the light transmitting portion 102 by the side wall portion 101 of the house 103 so as to be inclined. It may be. In addition, in this sunlight collecting device, an eaves member 8 is provided at a position above the light transmitting portion 102 of the side wall portion 101 of the house and supports the upper end side of the reflecting plate 1. This eaves member 8 is formed of a translucent material.

  Further, in this solar light collecting device, the solar scattered light, which is provided near the upper part of the light transmitting portion 102 and is guided by the reflection plate 1, reflects the solar scattered light downward into the house 103. The reflection plate 3 is provided.

  In this sunlight collecting device, the sun scattered light 105 scattered in the atmosphere passes through the eaves member 8 and reaches the reflection plate 1, is reflected by the reflection plate 1, and passes through the light transmission portion 102, It is led into the house 103.

  In this sunlight collecting apparatus, the sun scattered light 105 guided into the house 103 is guided downward from above the light transmitting portion 102, so that the house can be in a natural lighting state. Further, in this solar light collecting device, since the reflecting plate 1 is protected from rainfall and the like by the eaves member 8, dirt on the reflecting plate 1 and deterioration of the reflectance are prevented.

  Furthermore, in this sunlight collecting device, since the reflector 1 is supported by the side wall 101 of the house 103 and the eaves member 8 provided on the side wall 101, the reflector 1 is supported at a position separated from the house 103. It is not necessary to use members for performing the operation, and the apparatus configuration is simple.

  Further, in this sunlight collecting device, as shown in FIG. 9, the reflecting plate 1 is formed by applying a reflective paint to the inclined upper end surface of the handrail wall 107 installed on the side of the house 103. It may be. The handrail wall 107 has an appropriate thickness, and the upper end surface has the same inclination as the reflection plate 1 in each of the above-described configuration examples of the sunlight collecting device. The reflective paint is a paint in which metal particles such as aluminum are mixed in a solvent, and the surface after application is a surface having a high reflectance.

  When the reflection plate 1 is formed by applying the reflection paint in this manner, since the reflection plate 1 is integrated with the handrail wall 107, there is no possibility of damage or loss due to a strong wind or the like.

  And, as described above, the daylighting condition setting program according to the present invention installs a reflection plate on a side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion, and the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere is reflected by the reflection plate. In guiding the solar scattered light into the house through the light transmitting portion by reflecting the light, the installation location, size, shape, and reflectance of the reflection plate are determined based on the state of the sunlight shield around the house. And a program to calculate the diffusion rate.

  In the program for setting lighting conditions, the installation location, size, shape, reflectivity, and diffusivity of the reflector are optimized according to the state of the surroundings of the house, and the conditions for performing the most efficient lighting are specified.

  That is, in the daylighting condition setting program, first, as shown in FIG. 10, the daylighting opening 109 toward the sky separated by the sunshade 108 such as another house around the house 103 is treated as a light source. .

  In the daylighting condition setting program, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11, in step st1, data relating to the size (solid angle), light intensity, diffusion state, and the like of the light source (lighting opening 109) are input. .

  Then, the reflecting plate 1, a translucent member such as an eaves member 8 or a window glass through which the light incident on the reflecting plate 1 and the light emitted from the reflecting plate 1 pass, and the walls and ceiling in the house 103. The light reflection part is considered as an optical element.

  That is, in the lighting condition setting program, in step st2 of FIG. 11, data relating to the size, shape, reflectance, and the like of the light reflecting portion such as the wall or ceiling in the house 103 is input. In step st3, data relating to parameters such as the size, shape, reflectance, transmittance, and diffusion characteristics of the translucent member such as the reflection plate 1, the eaves member 8, and the window glass are input.

  Next, a simulation of the illuminance of each of the illuminated areas (A), (B),... In the house 103 is performed based on geometrical optics.

  Here, the simulation of the illuminance is performed by tracing a large number of light rays from the lighting opening 109 to each optical element, thereby changing each parameter of each optical element, and illuminating each area (A), ( B),... By determining the number of light beams reaching the light source.

  That is, in the lighting setting program, in step st4 of FIG. 11, the size, shape, reflectance, transmittance, diffusion characteristics, and the like of the reflecting plate 1, the eaves member 8, and the translucent member such as the window glass are determined. Set the parameters as appropriate.

  Next, in step st5, ray tracing from the light source (lighting opening 109) to each of the illuminated areas (A), (B),... In the house 103 is performed. A gain function M for illumination is calculated. At this time, in the ray tracing, for example, the light source surface is divided into a matrix of about 100 × 100, and each light beam emitted from each of the divided areas is passed through each optical element and passed to each illuminated area (A). , (B),... Are traced until they reach.

Here, the gain function M, each illuminated area (A), (B), the area of ... and _{S 1, S 2 ··· S i} ··· S n, reaches the respective area to be illuminated when number of rays of the _{n 1, n 2 ··· n i} ··· n n, the importance of each illuminated area was _{w 1, w 2 ··· w i} ··· w n, the following Is calculated by the following equation. The importance w is a coefficient indicating how bright the illuminated area is to be illuminated as compared with other illuminated areas.

_{M = (1 / w 1)} (N 1 / S 1) + (1 / w 2) (N 2 / S 2) + ··· + (1 / w i) (N i / S i) + ··・ + (1 / w _n ) (N _n / S _n )
^{_{= Σ i = 0 n {(}} 1 / w i) (N i / S i)}
(∵i = 1, 2, 3,... N)
In the daylighting condition setting program, optimization of each optical element can be performed by setting the gain function M to a maximum value. For example, to increase the w _i If you increase the illuminance of the i-region. Then, assuming that the gain function M is constant, (N _i / S _i ) must be large. In this way, by providing the w _i appropriately, it is possible to control the relative brightness of each illumination position.

  That is, in the daylighting condition setting program, in step st7 of FIG. 11, it is determined whether or not the gain function M has the maximum value based on the change of the gain function M with respect to the change of each parameter of each optical element. If the gain function M has not reached the maximum value, the process proceeds to step st8. If the gain function M has reached the maximum value, the process proceeds to step st9.

  In step st8, each parameter of each optical element is changed, and the process returns to step st5. In step st9, the daylighting condition setting program ends.

  When the step st9 is reached, the installation location, area, shape, reflectance, wavelength dependence of reflectance, diffusion coefficient and diffusion angle dependence as diffuse reflection characteristics, and the number of reflectors 1 have been calculated. For the translucent member, the installation location, area, shape, transmittance, wavelength dependence of transmittance, diffusion coefficient and diffusion angle dependence of diffusion transmission characteristics, and the number of diffusion plates are calculated. Optimization of optical elements such as 1 and a translucent member has been performed.

  In addition, the implementation of the solar lighting device according to the present invention as described above can be expected to save electricity for lighting in a house in the daytime. For example, assuming that the use time of a lighting device consuming 100 W of power is reduced by 8 hours per day by implementing the present invention, 292 kWh of power is saved in one year as shown in the following equation.

100W x 8h x 365 days = 292kWh
When this is converted into heavy oil consumption, it is equivalent to 69 l (liter) as follows.

292 x 9 MJ = 2628 MJ
1 kg of heavy oil is equivalent to 38.2 MJ,
2628MJ / 38.2 = 69kg ≒ 69l
Therefore, when the solar lighting device according to the present invention is applied to 10,000 houses, and the fuel oil consumption is reduced by 69 liters a year per house as described above, the fuel oil consumption of 690 kl can be reduced annually. . Similarly, if implemented for 100,000 homes, it can reduce 6900 kl of heavy oil consumption annually, and if implemented for 1 million homes, it can reduce 69000 kl of heavy oil consumption annually, and 10 million homes If implemented, it could reduce 690,000 kl of heavy oil consumption annually, and if implemented for 100 million houses, it could reduce 6.90 million kl of heavy oil consumption annually.

It is a side view showing the composition of the sunlight lighting device concerning the present invention. It is a side view which shows the reflectance and the diffusion characteristic of the reflection board in the said sunlight collecting device. It is a side view which shows the transmittance | permeability and the diffusion characteristic of the translucent member in the said sunlight collection device. It is a side view which shows the structure which made the surface part of the reflective plate convex in the said sunlight collecting device. It is a side view which shows the structure which provided the sub-reflection plate in the said sunlight collecting device. It is a side view showing the composition provided with a plurality of sub-reflectors in the above-mentioned sunlight lighting device. It is a side view which shows the structure in which the reflection board in the said sunlight collecting device can be folded and accommodated. It is a side view which shows the structure which can wind up the reflection board in the said sunlight collecting device. It is a side view which shows the structure which supported the reflecting plate in the said sunlight collecting device by the side wall part of a house. It is a side view which shows the structure which integrated the reflection plate in the said sunlight collecting device with the handrail wall. It is a side view for explaining the light beam used as the object of processing in the program for setting lighting conditions according to the present invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the order of a process in the setting program of said lighting conditions.

Explanation of reference numerals

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 reflection plate 2 support member 3 sub-reflection plate 4 support shaft 5, 6 winding shaft 7 shaft support member 8 eave member 101 side wall portion 102 light transmission portion 103 house 105 sun scattered light 106 light shielding wall 108 sun light shield 109 lighting opening Part (light source)

Claims (16)

A reflection plate installed on the side of a house having a light transmitting portion on the side wall portion, which reflects the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere and guides the solar scattered light into the house through the light transmitting portion. A solar lighting device comprising: 2. The solar lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a surface portion of the reflector that reflects the sun scattered light is a scattering surface that has fine irregularities formed and scatters the reflected light. 3. 3. The solar lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a surface portion of the reflector that reflects the sun scattered light is a flat surface. 4. 3. The solar lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the reflector that reflects the sun scattered light has a convex shape, and diffuses the reflected light. 4. The solar light according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reflector has a reflectance in a visible light region of a surface portion that reflects the sun scattered light in a visible light region of 60% or more. apparatus. The sunlight collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reflector removes ultraviolet rays and infrared rays of the sun scattered light and reflects the remaining light. The sun according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a filter that removes ultraviolet light and infrared light from light transmitted through the light transmitting portion of the side wall portion of the house and transmits the remaining light. Light lighting device. The reflection plate guides the sun scattered light to the vicinity of the upper portion of the light transmitting portion,
It is installed near the upper part of the light transmitting part, reflects the sun scattered light guided by the reflector, and guides the solar scattered light toward the house below the upper part of the light transmitting part. The solar lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising a sub-reflector. The reflecting plate is installed at a position below the light transmitting portion and inclined at a lower end side by a side wall portion of the house.
An eaves member made of a translucent material that is installed at a position above the light transmitting portion of the side wall of the house and supports an upper end side of the reflector;
A sub-reflector that is installed near the upper part of the light transmitting portion and reflects the sun scattered light guided by the reflector, and guides the sun scattered light downward toward the house. The solar lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of sub-reflectors that sequentially reflect the solar scattered light reflected by the reflector and guide the scattered light toward the inside of the house. 11. Solar lighting device. The solar lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the reflection plate is foldable and accommodated. The reflection plate is formed in a flexible long sheet shape, is stretched between a pair of winding shafts, and can be wound by at least one of the winding shafts. The sunlight collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein The sunlight collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the reflector is capable of adjusting an elevation angle and an azimuth angle.   9. The reflection plate according to claim 1, wherein the reflection plate is formed by applying a reflection paint to an inclined upper end surface of a handrail wall installed on a side of the house. A sunlight collecting device according to item 1. A reflecting plate is installed on the side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion, and the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere is reflected by the reflecting plate, and the solar scattered light enters the house through the light transmitting portion. In guiding the light,
A daylighting condition setting program for calculating an installation location, a size, a shape, a reflectance, and a diffusivity of the reflection plate based on a state of existence of a sunlight shield around the house. A reflecting plate is installed on the side of a house having a light transmitting portion on a side wall portion, and the solar scattered light scattered in the atmosphere is reflected by the reflecting plate, and the solar scattered light enters the house through the light transmitting portion. In guiding light,
The lighting opening toward the sky, which is separated by the sunlight shielding around the house, is treated as a light source,
The reflection plate, a light-transmitting member through which light incident on the reflection plate and light emitted from the reflection plate are transmitted, and a light reflection portion in the house as an optical element,
Perform a simulation of the illuminance of the illuminated area in the house based on geometrical optics,
For the reflector, the installation location, area, shape, reflectance, wavelength dependence of the reflectance, diffusion coefficient and diffusion angle dependence of the diffusion reflection characteristic, and the number of sheets are calculated. Calculate the area, shape, transmissivity, wavelength dependence of transmissivity, diffusion coefficient and diffusion angle dependence of diffusion transmission characteristics, and the number of sheets, and optimize these optical elements. Configuration program.

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