JP2004204189A - Leather material and leather product, and process for preparation of the leather material or leather product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide natural leather materials and leather products made of natural leather materials such as of mammals, birds and reptiles prepared without massive generation of waste solutions in tanning process, decline of physical properties of natural leather materials or qualities of leather products, and a process for preparation of leather materials and leather products without causing drawbacks of massive generation of waste solutions in tanning process, decline of physical properties of natural leather materials or qualities of leather products. <P>SOLUTION: The preparation process has a characteristic features of infiltration of oil and fat components such as an oiling agent in tissues and fibers of leather by using a high pressurized fluid body as a medium. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a leather material and a leather product thereof, and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to a natural leather material such as mammals, birds, and reptiles, a leather product comprising the leather material, and a method for producing the same. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Natural leather materials collected from mammals such as deer, cow, sheep and pig, and reptiles such as crocodile, lizard and snake are used as materials for various leather products. When manufacturing a leather product made of such a leather material such as mammals and reptiles, first, a peeling step of peeling the skin from these animals, and then a tailoring step of performing a preservative treatment of the skin, Leather is produced by subjecting tailored leather to a tanning step to restore the texture of the leather and produce leather as a raw material for leather products.
[0003]
Further, the tanning step includes a watering step for removing salt for preservation contained in the tailored skin, a degreasing step for removing animal-derived fats and oils remaining in the skin, and a degreasing step. It comprises a tanning step of injecting a new synthetic oil and fat component into the skin that has been dried and cleaned later, followed by a fatting step for imparting flexibility and texture to the skin.
[0004]
In the fatliquoring step, the tanned skin is immersed in an aqueous solution in which a fatliquor is dispersed, and then the excess water injected into the skin is removed and dried. As fatliquoring agents, commercially available synthetic fats and oils for fatliquoring for animal skins are used.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional leather product manufacturing process as described above, an aqueous solution in which a fat accumulating agent component is dispersed is used in a fat accumulating process which is a part of a tanning process, and a large amount of waste liquid is generated after the treatment. . For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a detoxification treatment of the waste liquid for the purpose of preventing environmental pollution.
[0006]
In addition, after injecting the fatliquor component, the skin must be dried in order to remove excess water, and the heat loses the texture again and loses the excellent physical properties of the leather. As a result, the excellent quality as well as the product value was significantly impaired.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, without generating a large amount of waste liquid in the tanning process, and the physical properties of the natural leather material, it is possible to reduce the quality as a leather product at all. It is an object of the present invention to provide a leather material and a leather product, and a method for producing the leather material or the leather product.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such problems, the present invention has been made as a leather material and a leather product, and a method of manufacturing the leather material or the leather product. The reason is that fats and oils components such as fatliquoring agents are infiltrated into skin tissues and fibers.
[0009]
Further, a feature of the method for producing a leather material or a leather product is that a high-pressure fluid is used as a medium and a fat or oil component such as a fat additive is penetrated into the tissue and fibers of the leather.
[0010]
In addition to the oil component, one or more of the active ingredients having aromaticity, deodorant properties, medicinal properties, antibacterial properties, antifungal properties, and insect repellent properties, using a high-pressure fluid as a medium, the skin tissue and It is also possible to penetrate into the fibers.
[0011]
These aromatic, deodorant, medicinal, antibacterial, antifungal and insect repellent components can be artificially synthesized reagents, but are preferably animals, plants, insects, fish and the like. Active ingredients extracted from natural organisms or their processed products are used.
[0012]
It does not matter what kind of leather material is used for tanning, but it is mainly applied particularly to mammals. Among mammals, cows, sheep, pigs, deer, and the like are exemplified as those having high marketability and versatility as leather products, and mink, chinchilla, mole, A fox is exemplified. In addition, the present invention can be applied to those distributed mainly as fur leather products overseas, such as weasel, camel, kangaroo, reindeer, and elk. For these mammalian products, various processes are required in order to prevent animal odors, as well as antibacterial and antifungal properties. To meet these demands, a technique using a high-pressure fluid as a medium as in the present invention is suitable. It can be used for Further, leathers such as crocodile, lizard, and snake also have demands for antibacterial, antifungal, deodorant and the like, and the present invention can be suitably applied.
[0013]
As the high-pressure fluid, fluids at various temperatures and pressures may be used, but it is preferable to use a supercritical fluid or a subcritical fluid having excellent permeability to the leather material. In addition, it is preferable that the type of the fluid is such that the active ingredient has a high solubility and does not deteriorate the leather as a medium for injecting the active ingredient into the leather material for imparting the function. For example, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, trifluoromethane, or a mixture of two or more thereof is used.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
(Embodiment 1)
The most characteristic step of the present embodiment is a so-called greasing step in which a greasing agent is added. Steps other than the fatliquoring step are performed in the same manner as in a general leather product manufacturing step. As the material, skins of mammals such as deer, cow, sheep and pig, and reptiles such as crocodile, lizard and snake are used.
[0016]
A process for manufacturing the leather product will be described with reference to FIG. First, a peeling step of peeling the skin from animals is performed. Next, a tailoring step of preserving the skin is performed. In the tailoring process, the skin is primarily preserved by salting it with salt (sodium chloride) water to prevent spoilage of the natural skin and then freezing it.
[0017]
Next, the tailored leather is subjected to a tanning step in order to restore the texture of the leather and produce leather as a raw material of the leather product. The "tanning step" as used herein is not a tanning step in a narrow sense using a so-called tanning agent, but is a tanning step in a broad sense from the tailoring process to the grease and dyeing. After such a tanning step, the leather product is manufactured by processing into a desired shape according to the product.
[0018]
The tanning step as described above will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2. First, a watering step for removing storage salt contained in tailored skin is performed. In the watering step, the skin is washed with water to extract and remove the salt inside the skin at the same time as thawing.
[0019]
Next, a degreasing step of removing oils and fats remaining in the skin is performed. This is a step performed in order to prevent the decay of the skin by removing the animal-derived natural fat component remaining in the skin. Degreasing is performed mainly by immersing the skin in an aqueous solution of soap or a neutral detergent.
[0020]
Next, a tanning step of newly injecting a synthetic fat component into the dried and cleaned skin after degreasing is performed. This tanning step is performed to make the leather durable and facilitate post-processing. As a kind of the synthetic fat component, a mixed solution of chromium alum or a chromate formic acid and a saline solution is used. This process is generally called chrome tanning. However, it is also possible to adopt a method other than chrome tanning, such as vegetable tanning, oil tanning, or synthetic tanning.
[0021]
After that, a fatliquoring step for giving the skin softness and texture is performed. The greasing step will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3. First, a skin impregnated with a tanning treatment such as chrome tanning is immersed in an aqueous solution in which fat oil is dissolved. Next, a drying step of removing excess water injected into the skin is performed. As the fatliquoring agent, a commercially available one can be used. More specifically, fish oil, cow leg oil, wool fat, animal oil such as lard oil, castor oil, vegetable oil based on coconut oil or olive oil, synthetic fatty acid esters, ester oils, amino acids having long-chain alkyl groups, alkyl Synthetic fatliquors such as phosphate esters, sulfated oils, sulfonated oils, sulfite oils and the like can be used according to the animal species of the skin material.
[0022]
Next, regarding the greasing step, which is the most characteristic step of the present embodiment, first, an apparatus used for performing the greasing step will be described with reference to FIG.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus used in the greasing step of the present embodiment includes a high-pressure cell 1, a cylinder 4, a high-pressure pump 5, a pressure gauge 6, a back pressure valve 7, and a thermostatic bath 8. are doing. The high-pressure cell 1 is for accommodating a high-pressure fluid, a skin material, and fat oil, and the fat oil component is injected into the skin material in the high-pressure cell 1. The high-pressure cell 1 is made of a pressure-resistant stainless steel and includes a cell body 2 and a lid 3.
[0024]
The cylinder 4 is for storing a source gas of a high-pressure fluid, and carbon dioxide is used as a type of the fluid. The high-pressure pump 5 is a pump for supplying the fluid in the cylinder 4 to the high-pressure cell 1, and the pressure of the high-pressure pump 5 is measured by the pressure gauge 3.
[0025]
The back pressure valve 7 can be opened and closed at a predetermined pressure, and the operation pressure can be kept constant at a predetermined value. Further, by opening the back pressure valve 7 to reduce the pressure, the high-pressure fluid is separated from the high-pressure cell 1 under reduced pressure. In addition, the apparatus for performing the above-mentioned greasing step includes a pipe section (shown in a diagram) and the like.
[0026]
Next, a case where the greasing step is performed using such an apparatus will be described.
[0027]
First, the skin material 8 is placed in the high-pressure cell 1. In this embodiment, deerskin was used as the skin material. This deerskin has been subjected to the tanning step (chrome tanning) shown in FIG. The deer skin 9 (outside the meat part 15), which is a raw material, has a structure composed of a silver layer 11 having a silver surface 10 on its surface, a middle floor 13, and a floor 14, as shown in FIG. In this state, as shown in FIG. 6, the silver layer 11 is peeled off and the nubuck 12 is exposed on the surface (it is peeled off from the meat portion 15), and is used as a skin material in the present embodiment. At this point, the fatliquoring agent 16 has not been charged.
[0028]
Next, the temperature of the thermostatic chamber 4 containing the high-pressure cell 1 is set to a target temperature, and the release pressure of the back pressure valve 7 is set to the target pressure. Carbon is supplied to the high-pressure cell 1. Carbon dioxide becomes a supercritical fluid under the condition of a temperature of 31.1 ° C. (critical temperature) or more and a pressure of 73 atm (critical pressure) or more, and is controlled by the temperature setting of the thermostatic chamber and the pressure setting by the back pressure valve 7 as described above. A supercritical state can be maintained.
[0029]
After the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure cell 1 reach predetermined values, carbon dioxide is allowed to flow for a predetermined time. At this time, due to the extraction power of the supercritical carbon dioxide, impurities such as natural fats and oils and moisture remaining in the gap between the tissue of the skin material and the fiber are completely extracted and removed, and a space for injecting the fatliquoring agent is obtained. Can be sufficiently secured.
[0030]
After the removal of the impurities is completed, the back pressure valve 7 is opened to remove carbon dioxide containing oil and water as impurities in the high-pressure cell 1, the high-pressure cell 1 is opened, and the greasing agent 16 is additionally charged. I do. Subsequently, the inside of the high-pressure cell 1 is set to a predetermined temperature and pressure again and left for a predetermined time. As a result, the fatliquoring agent 16 penetrates into the gap between the tissue of the skin raw material and the fiber.
[0031]
This will be described in more detail. First, a supercritical carbon dioxide extracts a fatliquoring agent, and then a mixed fluid of the supercritical carbon dioxide and the fatliquoring agent permeates between the tissues and fibers of the skin material. As shown in FIG. 5, the deer skin 9 as a skin material has a unique tissue structure consisting of a silver layer 11, a middle floor 13, and a floor 14, so that the greasing agent normally penetrates into the tissue. Hard to do. In particular, buckskin has no regularity in fiber orientation, such as the presence of fibers in the vertical and horizontal directions, compared to other animal leather materials such as cowhide, sheep leather, and pig leather. Due to the fineness, the fatliquoring agent is less likely to penetrate than the skin material of other animals.
[0032]
However, in the present embodiment, the greasing agent can be permeated to the deep part of the gap between the tissue and the fiber by using a supercritical fluid having a penetrating power to details as a medium.
[0033]
Furthermore, since the gap between the fibers of the deerskin is small, once the fatliquor adheres, the fatliquor does not come off carelessly, and the texture of the skin can be maintained for a long period of time. Natural fibers are contained between the fibers of the deerskin, but in this embodiment, carbon dioxide is used as the supercritical fluid. Animal-derived natural lipids present between the leather fibers are preferably removed and are less likely to rot.
[0034]
Subsequently, by bringing the back pressure valve 7 into an open state, the flow path is brought into a reduced pressure state, the supercritical carbon dioxide returns to a gaseous state due to the pressure drop, and the supercritical carbon dioxide is naturally diffused and removed from the skin material. On the other hand, since the fatliquoring agent is adsorbed and captured in the tissues and fibers of the leather, it remains in the leather material.
[0035]
In this way, a leather material (tanned leather) to which the fatliquor is adhered is produced. As described above, carbon dioxide is at a temperature of 31.1 ° C. (critical temperature) or higher, and 73 atm (critical pressure). Since the fluid becomes a supercritical fluid under the above pressure conditions, the temperature can be set at a relatively low temperature, and deterioration of the skin material and the fatliquor due to heat can be prevented.
[0036]
(Embodiment 2)
In the apparatus of the present embodiment, in addition to the high-pressure cell 1, the cylinder 4, the high-pressure pump 5, the pressure gauge 6, and the back pressure valve 7 of the first embodiment, a circulation pump 17 is provided as shown in FIG. This circulating pump 17 is provided in a circulating path 19 provided in addition to a flow path 18 from the cylinder 4 to the back pressure valve 7.
[0037]
Further, while the fat oil 16 and the skin material 8 are directly stored in the high-pressure cell 1 in the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the high-pressure cell 1a dedicated to extracting the fat oil and the skin material 8 are added. It is divided into high-pressure cells 1b exclusively for fat oil injection, each of which is provided with a dedicated thermostat 4a, 4b.
[0038]
A valve 20 is provided between the high-pressure pump 5 and the pressure gauge 6 in the flow path 18. Further, valves 23 and 24 are provided on the outward path 21 and the return path 22 to one high-pressure vessel 1a, respectively. Further, valves 27 and 28 are provided on the outward path 25 and the return path 26 to the other high-pressure vessel 1b, respectively. Further, a valve 29 is provided in the flow path 18 between the outward path 21 and the return path 22 to one high pressure vessel 1a, and a valve 30 is provided in the flow path 18 between the outward path 25 and the return path 26 to the other high pressure vessel 1b. Have been. Further, the circulation path 19 is provided with two valves 31 and 32.
[0039]
Next, a case where the humidification step of the present embodiment is performed using the above-described apparatus will be described.
[0040]
First, impurities remaining inside the skin raw material 8 are removed. In this case, the valves 20, 29, 27, and 28 are set to the "open" state, and the valves 23, 24, 30, 31, and 32 are set to the "closed" state. The back pressure valve 7 is set to open at a predetermined pressure. Thereby, the carbon dioxide is supplied to the high-pressure container 1b in which the raw material 8 is stored.
[0041]
After the carbon dioxide is injected into the high-pressure vessel 1b, the temperature and pressure in the high-pressure cell 1b reach predetermined values in the same manner as in the first embodiment. , Between the fibers and the lipids present between the tissue and the fibers are suitably removed.
[0042]
Next, an operation of removing the injected supercritical carbon dioxide from the high-pressure vessel 1b is performed. In this case, the opening / closing state of each valve is substantially the same as that at the time of the above-described removal of the impurities, but is different in that the valve 20 is in a “closed” state. In this state, after the back pressure valve 7 is opened to release carbon dioxide in the high pressure cell 1a, the system is evacuated from the back pressure valve 7 using a vacuum pump (not shown) or the like. Thus, the supply of carbon dioxide from the cylinder 4 is stopped, and the supercritical carbon dioxide in the high-pressure vessel 1b is discharged from the return path 28 to the outside of the high-pressure vessel 1b, and further discharged from the back pressure valve 7 to the outside of the system.
[0043]
Next, carbon dioxide is supplied to the high-pressure vessel 1a containing the fatliquor 16 and the fatliquor 16 is supplied to the high-pressure vessel 1b together with supercritical carbon dioxide. In this case, the valves 20, 23, 24, 27, 28 are set to the "open" state, and the valves 29, 30, 31, 32 are set to the "closed" state. The back pressure valve 7 is set to open at a predetermined pressure. Thereby, carbon dioxide is supplied from the cylinder 4 to the high-pressure vessel 1a to extract the fatliquoring agent 16, and the fatliquoring agent 16 is supplied to the high-pressure vessel 1b in which the raw material 8 is stored together with the supercritical carbon dioxide.
[0044]
Next, the fatliquoring agent 16 is supported on the skin raw material 8. In this case, the valves 23, 24, 27, 28, 31, 32 are set to the "open" state, and the valves 20, 29, 30 are set to the "closed" state. The back pressure valve 7 is set to open at a predetermined pressure. Thus, the fatliquoring agent 16 circulates together with the supercritical carbon dioxide in the circulation channel 19, the high-pressure vessel 1a, and the high-pressure vessel 1b without newly supplying carbon dioxide from the cylinder 4.
[0045]
Thereafter, the valves 20, 29, 27, and 28 are opened, and the valves 23, 24, 30, 31, and 32 are closed, and carbon dioxide flows again from the cylinder 4 into the high-pressure cell 1b, and a predetermined temperature is reached. Then, the supply side valve 20 and the back pressure valve 7 are closed, the valves 31 and 32 in the circulation flow path are opened, and the circulation pump 17 is operated. As a result, the fatliquoring agent suitably penetrates into the tissues and fibers of the deer bark as the skin material from which the lipid has been removed.
[0046]
Also in this embodiment, since the supercritical fluid having a penetrating power to the details is used as the medium, the greasing agent can permeate deep into the gap between the tissue and the fiber, and once the greasing agent has permeated. After that, careless separation of the fatliquor can be suitably prevented.
[0047]
Further, in the present embodiment, since two high-pressure containers, that is, the high-pressure cell 1a for storing the fatliquor 16 and the high-pressure cell 1b for storing the skin raw material 8, are provided, The operation for removing the resin component and the impurities such as water and the operation for extracting the fatliquoring agent 16 can be performed in separate cells, so that the impurities such as the resin component and the water inside the skin raw material 8 can be surely removed. After the removal, the supercritically extracted carbon dioxide can be injected into the inside of the skin raw material 8, so that the fatliquoring agent 16 can be surely carried on the skin raw material 8.
[0048]
(Embodiment 3)
In this embodiment, in the greasing step, a greasing agent is added as in the first embodiment, and an aroma component is added separately from the addition of the greasing agent. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used. Specifically, an essential oil containing components such as peppermint, spearmint, and hinoki was used.
[0049]
This fragrance component extinguishes the smell of deer skin and generates a new fragrance. As a result of adding such an aromatic component, it is possible to provide a leather product that is valuable to consumers who do not like the smell of deer skin.
[0050]
(Embodiment 4)
In this embodiment, a deodorant component is added instead of the fragrance component of the third embodiment. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used.
[0051]
This deodorant component did not impart fragrance, but was able to eliminate the odor of deer skin. As a result, it is possible to provide a leather product having a demand value to consumers who do not like the smell of deer skin.
[0052]
(Embodiment 5)
In this embodiment, a medicinal ingredient is added in place of the fragrance component of the third embodiment. Specifically, lavender, melissa, lemon balm and other herbal extracts having a sedative effect were prepared, and attached to the leather material using the above-described supercritical fluid as a medium. In this case, by wearing the deer leather product after the treatment, a sedative effect is exhibited, and in addition, a poultice effect having an effect on the whole herbal extract can be expected. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used.
[0053]
(Embodiment 6)
In this embodiment, an antibacterial component is added to the leather material instead of the fragrance component of the third embodiment. Specifically, catechin, natural antibacterial components such as antibacterial components extracted from bamboo and sasa were prepared, and were attached to the leather material using the above-described supercritical fluid as a medium. In this case, an antibacterial effect can be exhibited in the deer leather product itself, and the product can be kept hygienic for a long period of time.
[0054]
(Embodiment 7)
In the present embodiment, an antifungal component is added to the leather material instead of the fragrance component of the third embodiment. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used. By using a supercritical fluid as a medium, the antifungal component penetrates into the inside of the skin material, so that the antifungal effect can be maintained for a long period of time. In particular, since natural leather raw materials have low resistance to mold, the effect of maintaining the antifungal effect over a long period of time is extremely large in providing leather products.
[0055]
(Embodiment 8)
In the present embodiment, an insect repellent component is applied to the skin material instead of the fragrance component of the third embodiment. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used. By using a supercritical fluid as a medium, the insect-controlling component penetrates into the inside of the skin material, so that the insect-controlling effect can be maintained for a long period of time. Since natural leather raw materials have low insect repellency, the effect of maintaining the insect repellent effect over a long period of time is extremely large in providing leather products.
[0056]
(Embodiment 9)
In the present embodiment, fat oil was injected using cowhide instead of the deerskin of Embodiments 1 to 8 as a skin raw material. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used.
[0057]
Also in this embodiment, since the supercritical fluid having a penetrating power to the details is used as a medium, the greasing agent can be injected to the deep portion of the gap between the tissue and the fiber of the cowhide, and once the greasing agent is used. After being applied, inadvertent detachment of the fatliquor can be suitably prevented. Further, since carbon dioxide is used as the supercritical fluid, the lipid existing between the fibers of the cowhide is suitably removed by the dissolving power and the extracting power of the supercritical carbon dioxide for the lipid component.
[0058]
In addition, besides injecting a fatliquoring agent into cow hide, it is also possible to add an aromatic component, a deodorant component, a medicinal component, an antibacterial component, an antifungal component, and an insect repellent component to cow hide.
[0059]
(Embodiment 10)
In the present embodiment, the fat additive was injected using pig skin instead of the deerskin of Embodiments 1 to 8 as the skin material. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used.
[0060]
Also in this embodiment, since a supercritical fluid having a penetrating power to the details is used as a medium, the aroma component can be applied to the tissue of the pig skin and the deep part of the gap between the fibers. Inadvertent detachment of the fat agent can be prevented appropriately, and carbon dioxide is used as a supercritical fluid. It will be suitably removed.
[0061]
In addition, besides injecting the fatliquoring agent into the pig skin, it is also possible to add an aroma component, a deodorant component, a medicinal component, an antibacterial component, an antifungal component, and an insect repellent component to the pig skin.
[0062]
(Embodiment 11)
In this embodiment, sheep skin was used as a leather material instead of the deerskin of Embodiments 1 to 8 to inject a fatliquoring agent. As the device, the same device as in the first and second embodiments was used.
[0063]
Also in this embodiment, since a supercritical fluid having a penetrating power to the details is used as a medium, the fat-lubricating agent can be penetrated to the deep part of the gap between the sheep skin tissues and the fibers, and after the permeation, In addition, since the inadvertent release of the fatliquor can be suitably prevented, and carbon dioxide is used as a supercritical fluid, the dissolving power and extraction power of supercritical carbon dioxide for the lipid component, the lipid existing between the sheepskin fibers Is suitably removed.
[0064]
In addition, besides injecting the fatliquoring agent into the sheep skin, it is also possible to give the sheep skin an aromatic component, a deodorant component, a medicinal component, an antibacterial component, an antifungal component, and an insect repellent component.
[0065]
(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, supercritical carbon dioxide was used as a medium for injecting a fatliquor or an active ingredient into a skin material, but the operating temperature was lower than the critical temperature, or the operating pressure was lower than or equal to the critical pressure. It is also possible to use so-called subcritical carbon dioxide.
[0066]
Further, it is also possible to use a high-pressure fluid other than a supercritical fluid or a subcritical fluid.
[0067]
Further, in the above embodiment, supercritical carbon dioxide is used, but a high-pressure fluid such as a supercritical fluid other than carbon dioxide, a subcritical fluid, or the like may be used.
[0068]
Further, in order to enhance the effect of extracting various components, a lower alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, or propanol, or an organic solvent such as n-hexane, acetone, or chloroform is used as an auxiliary solvent, and 1% or more of the supercritical fluid. It is also possible to add trace amounts of up to%. If the amount of the auxiliary solvent is less than 1%, the effect of extracting impurities such as lipids contained in the skin raw material is small, and if it is more than 10%, the tissue itself of the skin raw material may be deteriorated.
[0069]
Further, as the kind of the aromatic component, various herbal extracts such as mint, rosemary, and savanna can be used, and those other than the herbal extract can also be used. Further, the structure of the device to be used is not limited to the above embodiment.
[0070]
Furthermore, applicable leather products include wallets, business card holders, hats, mufflers, shirts, waistcoats, vests, jackets, jumpers, coats, pants, pants, gloves, shoes, bags, bags, bags, key chains, and mobile phone straps. It can be applied to various products such as hanging leather, toys, stationery and the like.
[0071]
Further, in addition to the above leather products, the present invention can be applied to fur products such as coats, collars, accessories and the like. Further, in addition to such clothing and ornaments, the present invention can be applied to furs for stuffing animals and birds. When applied to furs, it is natural to use fur processed without leaving the hair or feathers without exposing the silver surface.
[0072]
Furthermore, the type of skin raw material is not limited to the deer, cow, pig, and sheep of the above-described first to tenth embodiments, but also includes crocodile, snake, ostrich, rabbit, mink, chinchilla, mole, fox, weasel, camel, kangaroo, reindeer, It is also possible to use leather such as moose and lizards.
[0073]
Incidentally, the present invention is intended to extract the fatliquoring agent using a high-pressure fluid such as a supercritical fluid in the fatliquoring step as described above, and to infiltrate the raw material for the skin. For example, it is also possible to extract a synthetic oil component used as a tanning agent in a tanning step with a high-pressure fluid such as a supercritical fluid and to infiltrate the raw material for the leather. The point is that the oil and fat components need only be permeated into the skin material together with the high-pressure fluid.
[0074]
Further, in the above-described Embodiments 3 to 11, the case where the aromatic component, the deodorant component, the medicinal component, the antibacterial component, the antifungal component, and the insect repellent component are added together with the fat additive in the fat adding step has been described. It is also possible to apply these components in a step other than the greasing step. For example, a high-pressure fluid is used to impart an aromatic component, a deodorant component, a medicinal component, an antibacterial component, an antifungal component, and an insect repellent component to a leather material obtained through a process such as drying after a fatliquoring process. It is also possible, after these steps, after further processing into the desired shape of each leather product, using a high-pressure fluid, fragrance component, deodorant component, medicinal component, antibacterial component, antifungal component It is also possible to add an insect repellent component. As described above, when these components are provided in a step other than the greasing step, the operation of infiltrating the leather with the high-pressure fluid and the greasing agent in the greasing step are performed on the leather with the high-pressure fluid. It is necessary to perform the operation separately.
[0075]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.
[0076]
(Example 1)
The apparatus described in Embodiment 1 was used. First, in order to increase the injection efficiency of the fatliquor, a drying step for removing impurities remaining in the skin raw material was performed. As an operation method, 15 g of deer skin as a raw material is charged into a high-pressure cell having a capacity of 500 ml, liquefied carbon dioxide is introduced into the high-pressure cell by a high-pressure pump, and the pressure is maintained at 20 MPa and a temperature of 40 ° C. for 3 hours. Carbon dioxide was passed at a rate of / min. The rate of carbon dioxide is the flow rate of carbon dioxide at room temperature and atmospheric pressure per unit time, and was measured using an integrating flow meter. The effluent was cooled and trapped, yielding a colored extract. Subsequently, after treatment in high-pressure carbon dioxide for 4 hours, the pressure was returned to the atmosphere by a back pressure valve. The skin material was completely dried. The drying rate in high-pressure carbon dioxide was about 7 to 15% in terms of weight (abbreviated as wt% in the following examples). The components of the extract were mainly lipids. Accordingly, it was confirmed that lipids as impurities remaining in the skin raw material were suitably removed.
[0077]
Next, the high-pressure cell containing the dried skin material was further depressurized by a vacuum pump, and 2 ml of Shincholine M manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used as a fat additive, and savanna (manufactured by Global. Of natural herb essential oil) was filled into a high pressure cell by suction. Thereafter, high-pressure carbon dioxide was introduced, and the pressure was maintained at 20 MPa and 40 ° C. for 3 hours. Then, the pressure was reduced to atmospheric pressure over 2 hours using a back pressure valve, and as a result, the skin material was taken out. There was a smell of herbs. Weight increased by 5 wt% as a result. As is clear from these results, it is estimated that the fatliquoring agent and the scent component were suitably injected.
Syncholine M is a light-colored anionic fat additive mainly containing a sulfonated synthetic oil and has a pH of 6.5 to 7.0.
[0078]
(Example 2)
15 g of cowhide, a raw material, is charged into a high-pressure cell with a volume of 500 ml, liquefied carbon dioxide is introduced into the high-pressure cell by a high-pressure pump, and the pressure is maintained at 20 MPa and a temperature of 40 ° C. for 1 hour. Circulated carbon dioxide. The rate of carbon dioxide is the flow rate of carbon dioxide at room temperature and atmospheric pressure per unit time, and was measured using an integrating flow meter. Subsequently, the pressure was reduced through a back pressure valve and returned to atmospheric pressure. The weight loss of the skin material before and after the experiment was 7.4 wt%. The components of the extract were mainly lipids. Also in this example, it was confirmed that the lipid as an impurity was suitably removed by performing the drying step.
[0079]
Next, together with the leather material after drying, the fatliquoring agent and the scented raw material were charged into a high-pressure cell having a volume of 500 ml, and liquefied carbon dioxide was introduced into the high-pressure cell by a high-pressure pump, and was maintained at a pressure of 20 MPa and a temperature of 40 ° C for 3 hours. Thereafter, over 2 hours, the pressure was reduced through the back pressure valve and returned to the atmospheric pressure. 2 ml of Shincholine M manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used as a fat additive, and sweet orange (peel pressed essential oil manufactured by Sun Farm) was used as an aroma component, and the filling amount was 1.0 g.
[0080]
After the treatment, the weight increase, that is, the adhesion rate was about 4% by weight, and the smell of herbs was attached. From this, it is presumed that the fatliquoring agent and the scent component were suitably injected into the leather material of the cowhide.
[0081]
(Example 3)
About 15 g of pig leather as a raw material was treated under the same conditions using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The drying rate in high-pressure carbon dioxide was as high as 12.8%. The components of the extract were mainly lipids. Also in this example, it was confirmed that the lipid as an impurity was suitably removed by performing the drying step.
[0082]
Further, after the extraction processing, the processing was performed using the same apparatus and the same conditions as in Example 1. As a fatliquoring agent, 2 ml of Shincholine M manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used, and sweet orange was used as a component of the fragrance material in the same manner as in Example 2, and the filling amount was 1.0 g. The weight increase after the treatment, that is, the addition rate was about 6 wt%. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the smell of herbs was attached. From this, it is presumed that the fatliquoring agent and the fragrance component were suitably injected into the pig skin.
[0083]
(Example 4)
15 g of sheep skin as a raw material was treated using the same apparatus as in Example 1 under the same conditions. The drying rate of the skin material before and after the experiment was as high as 10.3%. The components of the extract were mainly lipids. Also in this example, it was confirmed that the lipid as an impurity was suitably removed by performing the drying step.
[0084]
Further, after the extraction processing, the processing was performed using the same apparatus and the same conditions as in Example 2. As a fatliquoring agent, 2 ml of Shincholine M manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used, and sweet orange was used as a component of the fragrance material in the same manner as in Example 2, and the filling amount was 1.0 g.
[0085]
The weight increase of each leather material before and after the experiment was about 4 wt%, and the smell of herbs was attached. From this, it is presumed that the fatliquoring agent and the scent component were suitably injected into the sheep skin.
[0086]
(Other Examples)
In the above example, Shinkorin M manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd. was used as a fatliquoring agent. However, the type of fatliquoring agent is not limited to this, and Shinkorin L and Shincholine Z-2 manufactured by the company are used. And aniol SS can also be used. In particular, when aniol SS is used in combination with Syncholine L, Syncholine L, and Syncholine Z-2, a better effect can be obtained in terms of leather abundance, flexibility, and softness. In addition, aniol SS is a pale yellow paste synthetic fatliquor obtained by anionizing a fatty substance, and has a pH of 6.5 to 7.0.
In addition, as a product of other companies, for example, commercially available synthetic fat fats for animal skin such as chlorinated and sulfochlorinated products of paraffinic hydrocarbons, synthetic fatty acid esters and ester oils, mineral oils and other petrochemical products are used. It is also possible.
[0087]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, a fat component such as a fatliquor is infiltrated into the tissue and fiber of the skin raw material using a high-pressure fluid as a medium. In this case, waste liquid that needs to be disposed separately is generated, and the effect that the durability of texture is short can be overcome.
[0088]
Moreover, since the high-pressure fluid as described above is permeated as a medium, the properties of the leather raw material are not impaired, and in particular, for natural leather materials whose properties have been significantly impaired by the conventional method of directly attaching an active ingredient, This has the effect of not impairing the inherent properties of natural leather, such as elasticity, durability, water absorption, and dissipation.
[0089]
As a result, it is possible to provide a leather product which is provided with added value such as aromatic, deodorant, medicinal, antibacterial, antifungal and insect repellent properties, and which does not impair the properties of leather, particularly the natural properties of natural leather. Become.
[0090]
In particular, deer leather has finer gaps between fibers than other animal leather materials such as cowhide, sheep leather, and pig leather, so fat oil or active ingredients penetrate even more than other animal leather materials. However, since the high-pressure fluid is applied to the skin raw material as a medium, the high-pressure fluid can be appropriately penetrated by the penetrating power of the fine particles.
[0091]
Further, since the gap between the fibers of the deerskin is small, the fatliquor once injected does not inadvertently come off, so that the active ingredient can be retained for a long period of time.
[0092]
Furthermore, since the active ingredient penetrates deep into the structure and fiber of the leather material, even in the case of the leather material having the silver surface as the front side, the silver surface is used as the back side (that is, the middle floor surface is used as the front side). Even if it is a so-called backskin product, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a leather product capable of holding an active ingredient for a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a manufacturing process of tanned leather as one embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing details of a tanning step.
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing details of a greasing step.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for performing a greasing step.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a structure of a leather.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a structure of a skin in a state where a silver layer is peeled off.
FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus according to another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a greasing step according to another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram showing a conventional greasing step.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: High pressure cell 8: Leather material
16… Greaser

Claims (9)

A leather material characterized by using a high-pressure fluid as a medium, and impregnating a fat component such as a fatliquor into the skin tissue and fibers. In addition to the oil component, one or more of the active ingredients having aromaticity, deodorant properties, medicinal properties, antibacterial properties, antifungal properties, and insect repellent properties, using a high-pressure fluid as a medium, the skin tissue and The leather material according to claim 1, wherein the material is permeated into fibers. The leather material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the skin is mammalian skin or fur, bird fur, or reptile skin. A leather product characterized by using a high-pressure fluid as a medium, and impregnating a fat component such as a fatliquor into leather tissue and fibers. In addition to the oil component, one or more of the active ingredients having aromaticity, deodorant properties, medicinal properties, antibacterial properties, antifungal properties, and insect repellent properties, using a high-pressure fluid as a medium, the skin tissue and The leather product according to claim 4, wherein the leather product is penetrated into fibers. A method for producing a leather material, characterized in that a high-pressure fluid is used as a medium to impregnate a fat component such as a fatliquor into leather tissue and fibers. In addition to fat components such as fatliquors, one or more of the active ingredients having aromaticity, deodorant properties, medicinal properties, antibacterial properties, antifungal properties, and insect repellent properties, using a high-pressure fluid as a medium 7. The method for producing a leather material according to claim 6, wherein the leather material is permeated into a leather tissue and a fiber. A method for producing a leather product, wherein a high-pressure fluid is used as a medium, and a fat component such as a fatliquor is impregnated into the tissue and fibers of the leather. In addition to fat components such as fatliquors, one or more of the active ingredients having aromaticity, deodorant properties, medicinal properties, antibacterial properties, antifungal properties, and insect repellent properties, using a high-pressure fluid as a medium The method for producing a leather product according to claim 8, wherein the leather product is penetrated into the tissue and the fiber of the leather.

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