JP2004196337A - Multi-layered container - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JP2004196337A JP2004196337A JP2002365845A JP2002365845A JP2004196337A JP 2004196337 A JP2004196337 A JP 2004196337A JP 2002365845 A JP2002365845 A JP 2002365845A JP 2002365845 A JP2002365845 A JP 2002365845A JP 2004196337 A JP2004196337 A JP 2004196337A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- layer
- resin
- absorbing
- barrier layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 231
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptasodium;tungsten;nonatriacontahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W] RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- FEPMHVLSLDOMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N virginiamycin-S1 Natural products CC1OC(=O)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)NC(=O)C2CC(=O)CCN2C(=O)C(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)N(C)C(=O)C2CCCN2C(=O)C(CC)NC(=O)C1NC(=O)C1=NC=CC=C1O FEPMHVLSLDOMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 cyclic olefin Chemical class 0.000 description 23
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PJLHTVIBELQURV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C PJLHTVIBELQURV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-undecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=C DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MHPUGCYGQWGLJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-hexanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(O)=O MHPUGCYGQWGLJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
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- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂とし、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とした多層容器に関し、特に透明性に優れ、酸素吸収性、酸素に対するハイバリヤー性の持続期間が延長可能な多層容器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、包装容器としては、金属缶、ガラス瓶、各種プラスチック容器等が使用されているが、容器内に残留する酸素や容器壁を透過する酸素による内容物の変質やフレーバー低下が問題となっている。
【0003】
特に、金属缶やガラス瓶では、容器壁を通しての酸素透過がゼロであり、容器内に残留する酸素のみが問題であるのに対し、プラスチック容器の場合は、容器壁を通しての酸素透過が内容品の保存性の点で問題となる。
【0004】
これを防止するため、成形性、透明性、機械的強度、耐薬品性、耐湿性などの特性に優れたオレフィン系樹脂と、耐ガス透過性に優れたエチレンビニルアルコール共重合体等のガスバリヤー性樹脂を積層して容器に用いられることが行われている。
【0005】
容器内の酸素を除去するために、脱酸素剤の使用も古くから行われており、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に還元性金属粉、或いは多価フェノールを骨格内に有する高分子化合物等の脱酸素剤を配合した樹脂組成物を中間層とし、この中間層の両側にオレフィン系樹脂等の耐湿性可撓性樹脂を設けたプラスチック多層容器が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
【0006】
一方、酸素の透過を防止すると共に、容器内の酸素及び器壁を透過して浸透する酸素吸収を行い、容器内の酸素濃度を低く抑制して酸素バリヤー性を呈するため、オレフィン系樹脂を内外層とし、中間層としてガスバリヤー性樹脂層、酸素吸収性樹脂層、環状オレフィン系共重合体層を設けた酸素吸収性包装体が提案されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
【0007】
さらに近年では、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に酸化性重合体及び酸化触媒を配合した酸素吸収性バリヤー層を、オレフィン系樹脂層と積層させることにより、同様に、酸素バリヤー性を著しく向上させることも提案されている(例えば、特許文献3〜7参照)。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特公平4−60826号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2002−137347号公報
【特許文献3】
特開2001−39475号公報
【特許文献4】
特開2001−31768号公報
【特許文献5】
特開2001−106920号公報
【特許文献6】
特願2001−392301号
【特許文献7】
特願2002−178022号
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に還元性金属粉、或いは多価フェノールを骨格内に有する高分子化合物等の脱酸素剤を配合した樹脂組成物を中間層としたプラスチック多層容器は、酸素吸収性の点では満足できるものの、脱酸素剤として還元性金属粉を用いた場合には、樹脂が固有の色相に変色するため、透明性が要求される包装分野には使用できない。
また、脱酸素剤として多価フェノールを骨格内に有する高分子化合物を用いた場合には、酸素吸収とともに脱酸素剤が赤褐色等に発色する、などの問題があり、適用できる用途が制限される。
【0010】
一方、オレフィン系樹脂を内外層とし、中間層としてガスバリヤー性樹脂層、酸素吸収性樹脂層、環状オレフィン系共重合体層を設けた酸素吸収性包装体は、容器内への耐酸素透過、容器内の酸素及び容器壁を透過する酸素吸収性では満足できるものの、酸素バリヤー層と酸素吸収層を別個に設けているため、酸素バリヤー性を示す層の数が増え、容器壁の厚みも増大し、生産コスト等の点で好ましくない。
【0011】
さらに、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に酸化性重合体及び酸化触媒を配合した酸素吸収性バリヤー層を、オレフィン系樹脂層と積層させた多層容器は、著しく高い酸素バリヤー性を有しているものの、オレフィン系樹脂自体が耐ガス透過性に乏しいため、ハイバリヤー性が持続しないという問題がある。
即ち、酸素吸収性バリヤー層に吸収される酸素量が短期間で飽和状態に達してしまい、以後はハイバリヤー性を示さなくなり、その持続期間はかなり短い。
【0012】
従って本発明の目的は、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂とし、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とした多層容器において、透明性に優れ、酸素吸収性、酸素に対するハイバリヤー性の持続期間を向上させた多層容器を提供することにある。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明によれば、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂とし、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とした多層容器において、該酸素吸収性バリヤー層の酸素吸収能力S(cc/m2)を酸素吸収能失活後の該酸素吸収性バリヤー層の空気中1日当たりの酸素透過量T(cc/m2/day)で除したS/Tを250以上としたことを特徴とする多層容器が提供される。
【0014】
本発明においては、
1.前記Tを酸素吸収性バリヤー層と同一厚みのガスバリヤー性樹脂の酸素透過量T0(cc/m2/day)で除したガスバリヤー性比βを2以下とすること、
2.酸素吸収性バリヤー層の酸素吸収の開始部及び終点部付近を除く酸素吸収速度Qと、失活後の酸素透過速度Pとの関係がQ≧Pであること、
3.酸素吸収性バリヤー層が、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に不飽和エチレン結合を有する酸化性重合体及び酸化触媒を配合した樹脂からなること、
4.酸素吸収性バリヤー層と内層との間に臭気バリヤー層を設けること、
5.臭気バリヤー層がエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂であること、
6.臭気バリヤー層が環状オレフィン系樹脂であること、
7.外層に2μm以上の厚みの弱バリヤー性コーティング層を設けることが好ましい。
【0015】
【発明の実施形態】
本発明は、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂とし、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とした多層容器において、該酸素吸収性バリヤー層の酸素吸収能力S(cc/m2)を酸素吸収能失活後の該酸素吸収性バリヤー層の空気中1日当たりの酸素透過量T(cc/m2/day)で除したS/Tを250以上とすることが特徴である。
即ち、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂とし、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とした多層容器は、オレフィン自体の高い酸素透過性に起因してPET容器等と比べるとハイバリヤー性の維持期間が短い。
このような多層容器においては、酸素吸収性バリヤー層のハイバリヤー性を十分に発揮させるためには、該層の酸素透過量と酸素吸収能との間に一定のバランスが必要であり、例えば、酸素吸収性バリヤー層に一定量以上の酸素が供給されると該層の酸素吸収量も短期間で飽和状態に達してしまい、この結果として酸素吸収性バリヤー層が本来有しているハイバリヤー性が十分に発揮せず、ハイバリヤー性の持続時間も短いものとなってしまう。
【0016】
この現象について図を参照して説明する。
図1のように多層容器には、外面側より酸素が侵入する。この酸素は、酸素吸収性バリヤー層により捕捉され、基本的には酸素は容器内部には到達しない。この性能は、酸素吸収性バリヤー層中の酸素吸収能が消費されるまで継続し、結果として図2のようなハイバリヤー性持続期間が現れる。ところが、酸素吸収性バリヤー層の吸収能が少ない場合や侵入する酸素量が多い場合、吸収能が消費されるまでの時間は短くなるためハイバリヤー性持続期間が短くなるのである。したがって、オレフィン容器において、有意なハイバリヤー期間を維持するためには、前記酸素吸収量Sを、侵入する酸素量に相当する前記失活後の酸素透過量Tで除したS/Tを一定以上にする必要がある。後述する実施例から分かるように、S/Tをかなり大きくしても、オレフィン容器の場合、ハイバリヤー期間はS/Tから予想される値よりかなり短くなる。この理由は明らかではないが、酸素吸収性バリヤー層に侵入した酸素は速やかに酸化性重合体により捕捉されるため、層中の酸素濃度勾配が予想されるより急になるためと信じられる。
また、失活後の酸素透過量Tを、酸素吸収性バリヤー層の基材となるガスバリヤー性樹脂の酸素透過量T0の2倍以下にすることで、酸素吸収性バリヤー層が失活した後、急速に容器内に酸素が侵入し、急激な内容物の劣化が進行するのを防止することになり、結果としてオレフィン容器においても長時間酸素に敏感な内容物を保存できることになるのである。このことは、図2のハイバリヤー期間終了後の曲線の傾きを種々変えることで、容易に理解することができる。
【0017】
さらに、酸素吸収性バリヤー中間層の酸素吸収の開始部及び終点部付近を除く酸素吸収速度Qと、失活後の酸素透過速度Pとの関係をQ≧Pとすることにより、上述した酸素吸収性バリヤー層のハイバリヤー性の持続期間をより一層向上させることができる。すなわち、本発明の樹脂組成物の場合、経時によるQの変化は図3のように表され、酸素吸収機能がほぼ消費されるまでハイバリヤー期間が持続するが、図4のような場合には、酸素吸収性能は続いているにも関わらず、侵入する酸素を完全には捕捉できず、徐々に容器内部へ透過する酸素量が増加することになり、ハイバリヤーの効果が十分発揮できていない。
【0018】
本発明では、酸素吸収性バリヤー層を、基材となるガスバリヤー性樹脂に不飽和エチレン結合を有する酸化性重合体と酸化触媒を配合した樹脂とするのが好ましく、前記酸化性重合体が酸化触媒によって酸化されることにより酸素を吸収し、ガスバリヤー性樹脂は実質上酸化されることなく、酸素に対するガスバリヤー性を保持し、酸素吸収性とガスバリヤー性とが分離した機能分担で行われる。
【0019】
その一方、前記酸化性重合体の酸化反応においては臭気物質が副生され、この酸化反応により生じた臭気物質の副生は前記酸化反応固有のものであり、その発生を抑制することは困難である。
このため、酸素吸収性バリヤー層と内層との間に臭気バリヤー層を設けることが好ましい。
【0020】
さらに、本発明においては、ポリオレフィン系樹脂から成る外層に、2μm以上の厚みの酸素に対する弱バリヤー性コーティング層を設けても良く、前記弱バリヤー性のコーティング層を設けておくと、酸素吸収性バリヤー層への酸素供給速度をある程度低下させて適度に緩和し、該バリヤー層の酸素吸収速度との間に一定のバランスを保ち、この結果として、酸素吸収性バリヤー層が本来有しているハイバリヤー性が十分に発揮され、ハイバリヤー性の持続期間をより一層向上させることができる。
【0021】
[内外層2、3]
本発明において、内外層2、3は、オレフィン系樹脂により形成される。かかるオレフィン系樹脂としては、低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE)、中密度ポリエチレン(MDPE)、高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)、線状低密度ポリエチレン(LLDPE)、線状超低密度ポリエチレン(LVLDPE)等のポリエチレンや、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、ポリブテン−1、エチレン−ブテン−1共重合体、プロピレン−ブテン−1共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ブテン−1共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、イオン架橋オレフィン共重合体(アイオノマー)等或いはこれらのブレンド物を挙げることができる。
【0022】
内外層2、3を構成するオレフィン系樹脂は、少なくともフィルムを形成し得るに足る分子量を有しているべきであり、例えばそのメルトフローレート(MFR)は、0.2乃至20g/10min、特に0.5乃至15g/10minの範囲にあるのがよい。
また、内外層2、3中には、必要により、滑剤、改質剤、顔料、紫外線吸収剤等が配合されていてよい。
このような内外層2、3の厚みは特に制限されず、用途に応じて適宜の厚みに設定されるが、一般的には100乃至500μm程度である。
【0023】
[中間層4(酸素吸収性バリヤー層)]
中間層4は酸素吸収性バリヤー材から成り、ガス遮断機能及び酸素吸収性を有し、特に酸素吸収速度が30℃−80%RHにおいて0.1cc/m2/day/atm以上、特に0.5cc/m2/day/atm以上のハイバリヤー性を示す層である。
具体的には、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に、酸化性重合体及び遷移金属触媒(酸化触媒)を配合することにより形成されている。即ち、酸化性重合体を酸化させることにより、酸素を吸収捕捉し、ガスバリヤー性樹脂の酸素バリヤー機能を高めるものであり、遷移金属触媒は、酸化性重合体の酸化を促進させるために配合される。
本発明においては、酸素吸収能失活後の酸素吸収性バリヤー層の酸素透過量が極めて重要であり、酸化性重合体はガスバリヤー性樹脂中に微分散していることが好ましい。微分散構造をとることにより、酸化性重合体を大量に配合してもガスバリヤー性樹脂の連続相が崩れることなく、ガスバリヤー性樹脂本来のバリヤー性能が維持できるのである。また、酸化性重合体が分子レベルでガスバリヤー性樹脂中に混ざる状態は、ガスバリヤー性樹脂分子間の分子間力を弱めて酸素バリヤー性の低下を招くことになり、好ましくない。
【0024】
(ガスバリヤー性樹脂)
ガスバリヤー性樹脂としては、ガスバリヤー性の点から特にエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体が好ましく、例えば、エチレン含有量が20乃至60モル%、特に25乃至50モル%のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体を、ケン化度が96%以上、特に99モル%以上となるようにケン化して得られる共重合体ケン化物が好適である。このエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体(エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物)は、フィルムを形成し得るに足る分子量を有するべきであり、一般に、フェノール/水の重量比が85/15の混合溶媒中、30℃で測定して0.01dl/g以上、特に0.05dl/g以上の固有粘度を有することが望ましい。
【0025】
また、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体以外のガスバリヤー性樹脂の例としては、例えば、ナイロン6、ナイロン6・6、ナイロン6/6・6共重合体、メタキシリレンジアジパミド、ナイロン6・10、ナイロン11、ナイロン12、ナイロン13等のポリアミドを挙げることができる。これらのポリアミドの中でも、炭素数100個当りのアミド基の数が5乃至50個、特に6乃至20個の範囲にあるものが好適である。
これらのポリアミドもフィルムを形成するに足る分子量を有するべきであり、例えば、濃硫酸(濃度1.0g/dl)中、30℃で測定した相対粘度が1.1以上、特に1.5以上であることが望ましい。
さらに、ガスバリヤー性樹脂としては、ポリエステル樹脂、特にポリグリコール酸系樹脂等を挙げることができる。
これらの樹脂より用途に応じてガスバリヤー性樹脂を選択すれば良いが、酸化性重合体と酸化触媒の配合により、ガスバリヤー性樹脂自体が酸化分解を起こすものは、酸素吸収の進行と共に、酸素吸収性バリヤー層中に侵入する酸素量が指数関数的に増大する可能性があり、本発明の用途には好ましくない。
【0026】
(酸化性重合体)
【0027】
(酸化性重合体)
また、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に配合される酸化性重合体としては、水素の引き抜きが容易に行えるような活性な炭素原子を有するものが好ましく、このような活性炭素原子としては、これに必ずしも限定されないが、炭素−炭素二重結合に隣接する炭素原子、炭素側鎖の結合した第三級炭素原子、活性メチレン基が挙げられる。
酸化性重合体としては、エチレン系不飽和基含有重合体を用いることが好ましい。
【0028】
このようなエチレン系不飽和基含有重合体は、例えば、ポリエンを単量体として誘導される。ポリエンの適当な例としては、これに限定されるものではないが、ブタジエン、イソプレン等の共役ジエン;1,4−ヘキサジエン、3−メチル−1,4−ヘキサジエン、4−メチル−1,4−ヘキサジエン、5−メチル−1,4−ヘキサジエン、4,5−ジメチル−1,4−ヘキサジエン、7−メチル−1,6−オクタジエン等の鎖状非共役ジエン;メチルテトラヒドロインデン、5−エチリデン−2−ノルボルネン、5−メチレン−2−ノルボルネン、5−イソプロピリデン−2−ノルボルネン、5−ビニリデン−2−ノルボルネン、6−クロロメチル−5−イソプロペニル−2−ノルボルネン、ジシクロペンタジエン等の環状非共役ジエン;2,3−ジイソプロピリデン−5−ノルボルネン、2−エチリデン−3−イソプロピリデン−5−ノルボルネン、2−プロペニル−2,2−ノルボルナジエン等のトリエン、クロロプレンなどを挙げることができる。
【0029】
即ち、前記ポリエンの単独重合体、或いは前記ポリエンを2種以上組み合わせ若しくは他の単量体と組み合わせてのランダム共重合体、ブロック共重合体等を酸化性重合体として用いることができる。また、前記ポリエンと共重合させる他の単量体としては、炭素数が2乃至20のα−オレフィン、例えばエチレン、プロピレン、1−ブテン、4−メチル−1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−ヘプテン、1−オクテン、1−ノネン、1−デセン、1−ウンデセン、1−ドデセン、1−トリデセン、1−テトラデセン、1−ペンタデセン、1−ヘキサデセン、1−ヘプタデセン、1−ノナデセン、1−エイコセン、9−メチル−1−デセン、11−メチル−1−ドデセン、12−エチル−1−テトラデセン等を例示することができ、また、これら以外にも、スチレン、ビニルトリエン、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル、メチルメタクリレート、エチルアクリレートなどを用いることもできる。
【0030】
本発明においては、上述したポリエンから誘導される重合体の中でも、ポリブタジエン(BR)、ポリイソプレン(IR)、天然ゴム、ニトリル−ブタジエンゴム(NBR)、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム(SBR)、クロロプレンゴム、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンゴム(EPDM)等が好適であるが、勿論、これらに限定されない。また、そのヨウ素価は、100以上、特に120〜196程度であるのがよい。
【0031】
また、上述したエチレン系不飽和基含有重合体以外にも、それ自体酸化されやすい重合体、例えばポリプロピレン、エチレン・一酸化炭素共重合体なども酸化性重合体として使用することができる。
【0032】
本発明においては、成形性等の見地から、上述した酸化性重合体やその共重合体の40℃での粘度は1乃至200Pa・sの範囲にあることが好適である。
また、これらの酸化性重合体或いはその共重合体からなる酸化性重合体は、ガスバリヤー性樹脂100重量部当り1乃至30重量部、特に2乃至20重量部の量で使用することが好ましい。
【0033】
さらに、本発明で用いられる酸化性重合体は、カルボン酸基、カルボン酸無水物基等で変性されていることが好ましく、これらの官能基を導入するのに用いられる単量体としては、前記の官能基を有するエチレン系不飽和単量体が挙げられる。
【0034】
これらの単量体としては、不飽和カルボン酸またはこれらの誘導体を用いるのが好ましく、具体的には、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマール酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸等のα,β−不飽和カルボン酸、ビシクロ[2,2,1]ヘプト−2−エン−5,6−ジカルボン酸等の不飽和カルボン酸、無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸等のα,β不飽和カルボン酸無水物、ビシクロ[2,2,1]ヘプト−2−エン−5,6−ジカルボン酸無水物等の不飽和カルボン酸の無水物が挙げられる。
【0035】
ポリエン系重合体の酸変性は、不飽和カルボン酸またはその誘導体をそれ自体公知の手段でグラフト共重合させることにより製造される。
【0036】
本発明の目的に特に好適なポリエン系重合体は、不飽和カルボン酸乃至その誘導体を酸価が5mg/g以上となる量で含有していることが好ましい。
不飽和カルボン酸乃至その誘導体の含有量が前記範囲にあると、酸変性されたポリエン系重合体のガスバリヤー性樹脂への分散状態が良好になると共に酸素の吸収も円滑に行われる。
また、本発明に用いるポリエン系重合体は、酸乃至酸無水物変性された状態で液状樹脂であることが、ガスバリヤー性樹脂に対する分散性の点で好ましい。
好適な酸化性重合体の他の例としては、三級炭素原子を有するオレフィン系樹脂を更に酸乃至酸無水物で変性した酸価30KOHmg/g以上の重合体が挙げられる。この酸化性重合体の例として酸変性ポリプロピレン系樹脂があり、好適な重合体は、三洋化成工業(株)からユーメックス1010の商品名で入手し得る。
【0037】
[遷移金属触媒]
上述した酸化性重合体と共に使用される遷移金属触媒としては、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル等の周期律表第VIII族金属が好適であるが、他に銅、銀等の第I族金属、錫、チタン、ジルコニウム等の第IV族金属、バナジウム等の第V族金属、クロム等の第VI族金属、マンガン等の第VII族金属等であってもよい。これらの中でも特にコバルトは、酸素吸収性(酸化性重合体の酸化)を著しく促進させ、本発明の目的に特に適している。
【0038】
遷移金属触媒は、一般に、前記遷移金属の低価数の無機塩、有機塩或いは錯塩の形で使用される。
無機塩としては、塩化物などのハライド、硫酸塩等のイオウのオキシ塩、硝酸塩などの窒素のオキシ酸塩、リン酸塩などのリンオキシ塩、ケイ酸塩等が挙げられる。
一方、有機塩としては、カルボン酸塩、スルホン酸塩、ホスホン酸塩などが挙げられるが、本発明の目的にはカルボン酸塩が好適である。その具体例としては、酢酸、プロピオン酸、イソプロピオン酸、ブタン酸、イソブタン酸、ペンタン酸、ヘキサン酸、ヘプタン酸、イソヘプタン酸、オクタン酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸、ノナン酸、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸、デカン酸、ネオデカン酸、ウンデカン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、マーガリン酸、ステアリン酸、アラキン酸、リンデル酸、ツズ酸、ペトロセリン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、アラキドン酸、ギ酸、シュウ酸、スルファミン酸、ナフテン酸等の遷移金属塩を挙げることができる。
【0039】
本発明において、前記の遷移金属触媒は、ガスバリヤー性樹脂当り10乃至1000ppm、特に50乃至500ppmの量で配合されているのがよい。
【0040】
ガスバリヤー性樹脂、酸化性重合体及び遷移金属触媒を含有する酸素吸収性バリヤー層(中間層)4には、その優れたハイバリヤー性や成形性を損なわない範囲で、種々の配合剤、例えば充填剤、着色剤、耐熱安定剤、耐候安定剤、酸化防止剤、老化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、金属石鹸やワックス等の滑剤、改質用樹脂乃至ゴム等を配合することもできる。
また、上述した酸素吸収性バリヤー中間層4は、高い酸素遮断性を確保する上で、一般に、20μm以上、特に25乃至100μmの厚みを有していることが好ましい。
【0041】
[臭気バリヤー層5]
本発明においては、臭気バリヤー層はまずそれ自体ガスバリヤー性に優れていることが必要であり、脱臭層を構成する樹脂の酸素透過係数は4.5×10−11(cc・cm/cm2/sec/cmHg:23℃−0%RH)以下とするのが好ましい。
また、臭気バリヤー層は、特定の物質、即ち酸素吸収性バリヤー層から発生する臭気物質を透過させないことも重要であり、酸素吸収性バリヤー層から発生する臭気物質は、極性物質と非極性物質に分類でき、これらの両方の物質の透過を抑制することがフレーバー性の低下を防止するために必要である。
この極性物質は水に可溶であることから、この臭気物質の透過量を示すパラメーターとしては、水分の透過性、即ち透湿度(g/m2/day:40℃−90%RH)で表すことができ、一方、非極性物質の透過量のパラメーターとしては酸素透過量(cc・m2/day/atm:23℃−88%RH)で表すことできる。
【0042】
このような観点から、脱臭層においては、該脱臭層の透湿度(g/m2/day:40℃−90%RH)と酸素透過量(cc・m2/day/atm:23℃−88%RH)の積で臭気物質に対するバリヤーを示すことができ、この積が40000以下、特に20000以下、より好ましくは10000以下とすることにより、酸素吸収性バリヤー層から発生する臭気物質を有効に遮断して、臭気物質への内容品への移行を防止することが可能となり、フレーバー性に優れた多層容器とすることができる。
【0043】
臭気バリヤー層5を構成する樹脂としては、酸素吸収性バリヤー層4で述べた樹脂と同様のガスバリヤー性樹脂を用いることができ、例えばエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリグリコール酸樹脂を用いることもできる。
また、臭気バリヤー層を構成する樹脂としては、前記以外に環状オレフィン系樹脂等のオレフィン系樹脂を用いることができる。
【0044】
(環状オレフィン系樹脂)
環状オレフィン共重合体樹脂は、オレフィンと環状オレフィンとの非結晶性乃至低結晶性共重合体で、オレフィンとしてはエチレンが好適であるが、他にプロピレン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、3−メチル1−ペンテン、1−デセン等の炭素数3乃至20のα−オレフィンが、単独或いはエチレンとの組合せで使用される。
環状オレフィンとしては、基本的にはエチレン系不飽和結合とビシクロ環を有する脂環族炭化水素化合物、特にビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプト−2−エン、テトラシクロ[4,4,0,12,5,17,10]−3−ドデセン等が好適であり、例えば特開平3−726号公報、特開平2−196832号公報等に記載されているものも使用できる。
特に、エチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体が好適であるが、エチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体中の環状オレフィンの含有量は10乃至50モル%、特に15乃至45モル%が好ましい。このエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体から成る層を設けることにより、内容物の保香性、保水性が著しく改善される。
【0045】
前記共重合体(COC)は、オレフィンと環状オレフィンとを、それ自体公知のバナジウム系触媒或いはメタロセン系触媒の存在下にランダム重合させることにより得られる。好適な共重合体(COC)は、三井石油化学株式会社から、APELの商品名で入手しうる。
【0046】
臭気バリヤー層5として環状オレフィン系樹脂を用いた場合は、上述した環状オレフィン共重合体を単独で用いて形成することが好ましいが、その本質を損なわない範囲、即ち50重量%よりも少ない量、特に30重量%以下の量で、他のオレフィン系樹脂とのブレンド物の形で使用することもできる。他のオレフィン系樹脂としては、オレフィン系ホモポリマーやコポリマーが好適に使用される。例えば、前述した内外層2、3を構成するオレフィン系樹脂を環状オレフィン共重合体にブレンドして環状オレフィン系樹脂層4を形成することもできる。
【0047】
また、環状オレフィン系樹脂には、それ自体公知の配合剤、例えば顔料、充填剤、酸化防止剤、滑剤、安定剤、紫外線吸収剤等をそれ自体公知の処方に従って配合することも可能である。
このような臭気バリヤー層5の厚みは、特に限定されるものではないが、一般に10乃至100μm、特に30乃至80μm程度の範囲に設定される。
さらに、前記臭気バリヤー層を構成する樹脂は、ガラス転移点(Tg)が50℃以上であることが好ましい。
【0048】
(脱臭剤或いは吸着剤)
臭気バリヤー層5には、脱臭剤或いは吸着剤を含有させることが好ましい。これにより臭気成分を吸着して、臭気成分の多層容器内側への移行をより一層有効に防止できる。
脱臭剤或いは吸着剤としてはそれ自体公知のもの、例えば天然ゼオライト、合成ゼオライト、シリカゲル、活性炭、添着活性炭、活性白土、活性酸化アルミニウム、クレー、ケイソウ土、カオリン、タルク、ベントナイト、酸化マグネシウム、酸化鉄、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化鉄、ケイ酸マグネシウム、ケイ酸アルミニウム、合成ハイドロタルサイト、アミン担持多孔質シリカ等を、単独或いは2種以上の組合せで用いることができるが、アルデヒドとの反応性の点でアミン担持多孔質シリカ等のアミノ基を含む物質が特に好ましい。
【0049】
これらの脱臭剤或いは吸着剤は、臭気バリヤー層に均一に分散させるため、通常分散平均粒径が10μm以下であることが好ましい。
また、これらの脱臭剤或いは吸着剤は、臭気バリヤー層中に0.1乃至5重量%の量で用いることが好ましく、添加方法はそのまま添加しても良いが、マスターバッチの形で添加させるのが分散性の点から好ましい。
【0050】
[接着剤層6]
接着剤層6は、内外層2、3、酸素吸収性バリヤー層4、臭気バリヤー層5、リプロ層8及び酸素吸収性バリヤーリプロ層9を、それぞれ他の層と接着させるために必要により設けられるものであり、従来公知の接着剤樹脂、例えば、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、フマール酸等のカルボン酸、或いは、これらカルボン酸の無水物、アミド、エステル等によりグラフト変性されたグラフト変性オレフィン樹脂などから形成されている。このようなグラフト変性オレフィン樹脂において、グラフト変性すべきオレフィン樹脂としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−αオレフィン共重合体等が好ましい。また、このようなグラフト変性オレフィン樹脂以外にも、例えば、エチレン−アクリル酸共重合体、イオン架橋オレフィン系共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、共重合ポリエステル、共重合ポリアミド等を接着性樹脂として使用することができる。
これらの接着性樹脂では、接着性の見地から、カルボニル基(>C=O)を主鎖又は側鎖に1乃至100meq/100g樹脂、特に10乃至100meq/100g樹脂の量で含有していることが好ましい。
接着剤樹脂層3の厚みは、通常、5乃至30μm程度でよい。
【0051】
[弱バリヤー性コーティング層7]
最外層に設けられるコーティング層7は、厚みが15μm以下、特に4乃至
10μmの薄層であり、且つその23℃−0%RHにおける酸素透過係数(cc・cm/cm2/sec/cmHg)は、5×10−13乃至1×10−11、特に8×10−13乃至8×10−12の範囲にある。即ち、このコーティング層4は、弱バリヤー性を示すものであり、先にも述べた通り、このような弱バリヤー性のコーティング層7を最外層に設けることにより、酸素吸収性バリヤー中間層4が本来有しているハイバリヤー性が十分に発揮され、ハイバリヤー性の持続時間を長くすることが可能となる。
【0052】
前記のような弱バリヤー性コーティング層7は、上述した厚みと酸素透過係数の条件を満足している限り、任意の材料で形成されていてよいが、代表的には、紫外線硬化型ニスを用いて形成される。
紫外線硬化型ニスは、紫外線硬化型樹脂を主体とし、これに紫外線重合開始剤を配合したものであり、例えば、前述した酸素透過係数を満足させるためには、紫外線硬化型樹脂として、脂環式エポキシ樹脂が好適である。
脂環式エポキシ樹脂は、分子内に脂環族基を有し且つ脂環族基に隣接する炭素原子がオキシラン環を形成しているような構造のエポキシ樹脂成分を含有するものであり、例えば分子内に少なくとも1個のエポキシシクロアルカン基(エポキシシクロヘキサン環、エポキシシクロペンタン環等)を有するエポキシ化合物等が、単独または2種以上の組み合わせで使用される。特に好適な脂環式エポキシ樹脂の例としては、これに限定されるものではないが、ビニルシクロヘキセンジエポキシド、ビニルシクロヘキセンモノエポキシド、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル−3,4−エポキシシクロヘキサン・カーボキシレート、2−(3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシル−5,5−スピロ−3,4−エポキシ)シクロヘキサン−m−ジオキサン、ビス(3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシル)アジペート、リモネンジオキサイド等を挙げることができる。
【0053】
また、前記のような脂環式エポキシ樹脂と組み合わせる紫外線重合開始剤は、紫外線によって分解してルイス酸を放出し、このルイス酸がエポキシ基を重合させる作用を有しているものであり、その例として、芳香族ヨードニウム塩、芳香族スルフォニウム塩、芳香族セレニウム塩等が挙げられる。
【0054】
また、紫外線硬化型ニスには、それ自体公知の希釈剤や、変性用のエポキシ樹脂、増感剤、架橋剤等を含有させることができる。
希釈剤としては、フェニルグリシジルエーテル、メチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル、n−ブチルグリシジルエーテル、1,2−エポキシヘキサデカン、ビニルエーテル類、オキセタン化合物、水酸基を1個有する多価アルコール誘導体等が挙げられる。
変性用のエポキシ樹脂としては、ビスフェノールAやビスフェノールF等のビスフェノール類とエピクロルヒドリンとから誘導されたビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂等を使用することができる。
増感剤としては、チオキサントン誘導体、例えば2,4−ジエチルチオキサントン、2,4−ジイソプロピルチオキサントンを挙げることができる。
架橋剤としては、種々のポリオール類、例えばε−カプロラクトントリオール等を挙げることができる。
【0055】
上述した紫外線硬化型ニスの処方の適当な例は、これに限定されるものではないが、例えば、脂環式エポキシ樹脂100重量部当たり、紫外線重合開始剤1乃至10重量部、特に2乃至8重量部とするのがよく、更に希釈剤は1乃至10重量部、特に1乃至5重量部、変性用のエポキシ樹脂は1乃至20重量部、特に2乃至10重量部、増感剤は0.1乃至2重量部、特に0.2乃至1.5重量部、架橋剤は1乃至20重量部、特に2乃至10重量部とするのがよい。
また、前記以外にも、顔料、シリコーンオイル等の消泡剤、フッ素系界面活性剤などのレベリング剤を配合することもできるし、形成されるコーティング層7の皮膜に可撓性や柔軟性を付与するために、フタル酸エステルなどの可塑剤を配合することもできる。
【0056】
[層構成等]
本発明の多層容器における層構成の代表例を図5乃至図10に示すが、勿論、このような層構成に限定されるものではなく種々の層構成を採り得る。
本発明では、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とするが、前記酸素吸収性バリヤー層は、容器の外表面に露出しないように内層と外層との間に少なくとも一つの中間層として設けられる。
また、本発明では、必要に応じて臭気バリヤー層を設けるが、酸素吸収性バリヤー層よりも内層側、即ち、酸素吸収性バリヤー層と内層との間に少なくとも一つの中間層として設けられる。
【0057】
図5の多層容器1の層構成は、内層側から内層2、臭気バリヤー層5、酸素吸収性バリヤー層4及び外層3とし、それぞれ接着剤層6を介して積層したものであり、図6は、前記図5に示した層構成に加えて、外層3上に弱バリヤー性コーティング層7を設けたものである。
【0058】
図7の多層容器1の層構成は、内層側から内層2、第1臭気バリヤー層5a、リプロ層9、酸素吸収性バリヤー層4、第2臭気バリヤー層5b及び外層3とし、酸素吸収性バリヤー層4と第2臭気バリヤー層5b以外を、それぞれ接着剤層6を介して積層したものである。
【0059】
また、図8の多層容器1の層構成は、前記図7に示した層構成において、酸素吸収性バリヤー層4と第2臭気バリヤー層5bとの間に接着剤層6を設けたものである。
【0060】
図9の多層容器1の層構成は、内層側から内層2、第1臭気バリヤー層5a、第1酸素吸収性バリヤー層4a、リプロ層8、第2酸素吸収性バリヤー層4b、第2臭気バリヤー層5b及び外層3とし、内層2と第1臭気バリヤー層5a、第1酸素吸収性バリヤー層4a、第2酸素吸収性バリヤー層4bとリプロ層8、第2臭気バリヤー層5bと外層3との間に接着層6をそれぞれ設けたものである。
【0061】
さらに、図10の多層容器1の層構成は、他の例を示すものであり、リプロ層に酸素吸収剤を含有させて酸素吸収性バリヤーリプロ層(中間層)9とし、内層側から内層2、第1臭気バリヤー層5a、酸素吸収性バリヤーリプロ層9、第2臭気バリヤー層5b及び外層3とし、それぞれ接着剤層6を介して積層したものである。
【0062】
上述した層構成を有する本発明の多層容器は、フィルム、シート、ボトル乃至チューブ形成用パリソン乃至はパイプ、ボトル乃至チューブ形成用プリフォーム等の中間成形物から、カップ、トレイ、ボトル、チューブ容器、パウチ等の容器に適用される。
本発明の多層容器は、特に酸素による内容物の香味低下を防止する容器として極めて有用である。
例えば、マヨネーズ、ケチャップ、食用油、ドレッシング、ソース類、クリーム状歯磨き、染毛剤、各種医薬品、化粧品等、特に空気中の酸素の存在で劣化を生じる種々の内容物を充填するための容器に適用される。
【0063】
【実施例】
本発明を次の例でさらに説明するが、本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。
[評価・測定]
[酸素バリヤー性能の評価]
多層容器に、酸素濃度0.1%以下の条件下で蒸留水1ccを封入した。この容器を30℃−80%RHにて6ヶ月保管し、容器内のガスをシリンジにより採取し、ガスクロマトグラフィー(GC3BT:島津製作所(株))、検出器:TCD(60℃)、カラム:モレキュラーシーブ5A(100℃)、キャリアーガス:アルゴン)により容器内酸素濃度を測定し、容器内に浸入した酸素量を得た。酸素吸収性バリヤー材を使用した容器と、そのベースとなるガスバリヤー材を同一厚みで使用したコントロール容器を比較し、2ヶ月でコントロールの1/5以上の酸素が進入した容器を×、2ヶ月経時して進入酸素量がコントロールの1/5未満である容器を○、更に3ヶ月以上経時しても進入酸素量がコントロールの1/5未満である容器を◎とした。容器内に侵入した酸素量がコントロールの1/5未満を維持している期間は、ハイバリヤー期間とハイバリヤー期間終了後に進入した酸素量を複合したパラメーターと解釈することができる。
【0064】
[酸素吸収能力Sの測定]
多層容器を裁断し、酸素吸収性バリヤー樹脂を中間層とする多層構造体試料を作製した。この試料を酸素遮断性のある密封容器中に蒸留水1ccとともに封入し、30℃の雰囲気中に保管した。この際、試料が直接蒸留水に接触しないように留意した。
前記密封容器内のガスをシリンジにより採取し、前記ガスクロマトグラフィーにより容器内酸素濃度を測定した。容器内酸素濃度の変化がほぼなくなった時点の酸素濃度の減少量と裁断前の多層容器の表面積から、酸素吸収性バリヤー層の30℃における酸素吸収量S(cc/m2)を有効数字2桁で算出した。
【0065】
[酸素吸収能失活後の酸素透過量Tの測定]
多層容器に、酸素濃度0.1%以下の条件下で蒸留水1ccを封入し、30℃−80%RHの環境で保管した。この多層容器中の酸素濃度の増加量を、前記ガスクロマトグラフィーにより経時的に測定し、ハイバリヤー期間が終了し、酸素濃度の増加量と経時時間が一定の傾きを示す領域について、容器の表面積と容器内に侵入した酸素量から、空気中1日当たりの酸素透過量T(cc/m2/day)を算出した。なお、本実施例に用いた多層容器の場合、失活後においても酸素吸収性バリヤー層以外の他の層の酸素透過量が極めて高く、多層容器の酸素透過量を酸素吸収バリヤー層の酸素透過量Tとしても全く問題なかった。
酸素吸収性バリヤー材のベースとなるガスバリヤー性樹脂の酸素透過量は以下のようにして測定した。すなわち、酸素吸収性バリヤー層を中間層とする多層容器を作製し、この多層容器に、酸素濃度0.1%以下の条件下で蒸留水1ccを封入し、30℃−80%RHの環境で保管した。この多層容器中の酸素濃度の増加量を、前記ガスクロマトグラフィーにより経時的に測定し、容器の表面積と容器内に侵入した酸素量から、空気中1日当たりの酸素透過量T0(cc/m2/day)を算出した。
このようにして求めたS、T、T0を用いてS/Tやガスバリヤー性比β(=T/T0)を有効数字2桁で算出した。
【0066】
[酸素吸収速度Q、失活後の酸素透過速度P]
厚さ20μmの酸素吸収性バリヤーフィルム材を成形した。このフィルム材から、3cm×4cmの短冊状の試料片7枚を切り出し、酸素遮断性のある密封容器中に調湿液(水/グリセリン混合溶液:湿度80%RH用)1ccとともに封入した。この時、試料片同士が重なり合ったり、直接調湿液で濡れないように留意した。
前記密封容器を30℃の雰囲気に保管し、経時による容器内の酸素濃度の変化を前記ガスクロマトグラフィーにより1日間隔で分析した。酸素濃度の減少量から、酸素吸収性バリヤーフィルム材の30℃−80%RHにおける酸素吸収速度Q(cc/m2/day/atm)を有効数字2桁で算出した。Qの算出においては、酸素吸収は該フィルム材の表裏両面より起こっているため、試料フィルムの面積はフィルムの表裏面積を用いた。
Qの測定に使用するフィルム材を酸素透過係数測定装置(OX−TRAN 2/20:モダンコントロール社)にセットし、30℃−80%RHの条件で完全に失活させた。失活後のフィルム材の酸素透過量から厚さ10μmの酸素吸収性バリヤーフィルム材の失活後の酸素透過量を算出し、この値を失活後の酸素透過速度P(cc/m2/day/atm)とした。Pについても有効数字2桁で求めた。
【0067】
[臭気バリヤー性の評価]
酸素濃度0.1%以下の雰囲気で、多層容器の内部に蒸留水1ccを封入した。この容器を30℃−80%RHで1ヶ月保管し、5人のパネラーで容器内部の臭気を確認した。酸素吸収性バリヤー層の代わりにそのベースとなるガスバリヤー性樹脂を使用した多層容器をコントロールとし、コントロールと比較して異臭がほとんどないものを○、はっきり異臭が確認できるものを×とした。
【0068】
[実施例1]
32モル%のエチレンを共重合したエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂ペレット(EP−F101B:(株)クラレ)とコバルト含有率14wt%のネオデカン酸コバルト(DICNATE5000:大日本インキ化学工業(株))をタンブラーで混合し、コバルト量で350ppmのネオデカン酸コバルトをエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂ペレット表面に均一に付着させた。
次いで、出口部分にストランドダイを装着した二軸押出機(TEM−35B:東芝機械(株))を用いて、スクリュー回転数100rpmで低真空ベントを引きながら、液体フィーダーにより、酸価40KOHmg/g、数平均分子量5800の無水マレイン酸変性液状ポリブタジエン(M−2000−20:日本石油化学(株))を、コバルトを付着させたエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂95重量部に対して5重量部となるように滴下し、成形温度200℃でストランドを引き、酸素吸収性バリヤー材ペレットを作製した。
作製したペレットを用いて、ダイレクトブロー成形法により、外層側からLDPE/接着剤/酸素吸収性バリヤー材(30μm)/接着剤/LDPEの胴部層構成を有する内容積125cc、胴部総厚み700μmの多層ボトルを作製した。
この多層ボトルの酸素バリヤー性能、S/T、β及び臭気バリヤー性能の評価、測定を行った。また、同一の酸素吸収性バリヤー材ペレットを用いて作製したフィルムで別途測定した酸素吸収速度Qと失活後の酸素透過速度Pの関係を確認した。
【0069】
[実施例2]
無水マレイン酸変性ポリブタジエンの配合量を、コバルトを付着させたエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂96重量部に対して4重量部となるように滴下する以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層ボトルを作製し、同様の評価、測定及び確認を行った。
【0070】
[実施例3]
無水マレイン酸変性ポリブタジエンの配合量を、コバルトを付着させたエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂97重量部に対して3重量部となるように滴下する以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層ボトルを作製し、同様の評価、測定及び確認を行った。
【0071】
[実施例4]
無水マレイン酸変性ポリブタジエンの代わりに、酸価52KOHmg/gの酸変性ポリプロピレン系樹脂(ユーメックス1010:三洋化成工業(株))を、コバルトを付着させたエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂85重量部に対して15重量部の割合で二軸押出機に供給する以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層ボトルを作製し、同様の評価、測定及び確認を行った。
【0072】
[実施例5]
実施例1の酸素吸収性バリヤー材ペレットを用いて、ダイレクトブロー成形法により、外層側からLDPE/接着剤/酸素吸収性バリヤー材(30μm)/接着剤/環状オレフィン共重合体樹脂(アペル8008T:三井化学(株)、40μm)の胴部層構成を有する内容積200cc、胴部総厚み450μmの多層チューブを作製した。この多層チューブの外面をコロナ処理し、脂環式エポキシ樹脂を主成分とするUVカチオン硬化型仕上げワニスを厚さ7μmで塗装し、高圧水銀灯で硬化させた。
そして、実施例1と同様の評価、測定及び確認を行った。
【0073】
[比較例1]
酸素吸収性バリヤー層の厚みを22μmとする以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層ボトルを作製し、評価、測定及び確認を行った。
【0074】
前記実施例、比較例における評価、測定及び確認結果を表1に示す。
【0075】
表1
【0076】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、内外層をオレフィン系樹脂とし、中間層を酸素吸収性バリヤー層とした多層容器において、透明性に優れ、酸素吸収性、酸素に対するハイバリヤー性の持続期間を向上させた多層容器とすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】酸素吸収性ガスバリヤー層における酸素透過と吸収を示す図である。
【図2】酸素吸収性ガスバリヤー層のハイバリヤー性の持続期間を示す図である。
【図3】酸素吸収性ガスバリヤー層における酸素吸収速度Q、失活後の酸素透過速度Pとの関係がQ≧Pの場合を示す図である。
【図4】酸素吸収性ガスバリヤー層における酸素吸収速度Q、失活後の酸素透過速度Pとの関係がQ<Pの場合を示す図である。
【図5】本発明の多層容器における層構成を示す参考図である。
【図6】本発明の多層容器における他の層構成を示す参考図である。
【図7】本発明の多層容器における他の層構成を示す参考図である。
【図8】本発明の多層容器における他の層構成を示す参考図である。
【図9】本発明の多層容器における他の層構成を示す参考図である。
【図10】本発明の多層容器における他の層構成を示す参考図である。
【符号の説明】
1:多層容器
2:内層
3:外層
4:酸素吸収性バリヤー層(中間層)
5:臭気バリヤー層
6:接着剤層
7:弱バリヤーコーティング層
8:リプロ層
9:酸素吸収性バリヤーリプロ層(中間層)[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multilayer container in which the inner and outer layers are made of an olefin-based resin and the intermediate layer is an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, and in particular, the multilayer container has excellent transparency, and is capable of extending the duration of oxygen-absorbing and high-barrier properties to oxygen. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, metal cans, glass bottles, various plastic containers, and the like have been used as packaging containers. However, there is a problem in that the contents are altered or the flavor is reduced due to oxygen remaining in the container or oxygen passing through the container wall. .
[0003]
In particular, oxygen permeation through the container wall is zero in metal cans and glass bottles, and only oxygen remaining in the container is a problem, whereas oxygen permeation through the container wall is limited in plastic containers. This is problematic in terms of preservation.
[0004]
To prevent this, an olefin resin with excellent properties such as moldability, transparency, mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and moisture resistance, and a gas barrier such as ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer with excellent gas permeability resistance It has been practiced to laminate conductive resins and use them in containers.
[0005]
Oxygen absorbers have been used for a long time to remove oxygen in containers. Oxygen absorbers such as high-molecular compounds having reducing metal powder or polyhydric phenol in the skeleton are used as gas barrier resins. There has been proposed a plastic multilayer container in which a resin composition containing is used as an intermediate layer, and a moisture-resistant flexible resin such as an olefin resin is provided on both sides of the intermediate layer (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0006]
On the other hand, while preventing oxygen permeation and absorbing oxygen that permeates through and penetrates the oxygen in the container and the vessel wall, the oxygen concentration in the container is suppressed low to exhibit oxygen barrier properties. There has been proposed an oxygen-absorbing package provided with a gas barrier resin layer, an oxygen-absorbing resin layer, and a cyclic olefin-based copolymer layer as intermediate layers (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
[0007]
Furthermore, in recent years, it has also been proposed to remarkably improve oxygen barrier properties by laminating an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer in which an oxidizing polymer and an oxidation catalyst are blended with a gas barrier resin and an olefin-based resin layer. (For example, see
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-60826
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-137347
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-2001-39475
[Patent Document 4]
JP 2001-31768 A
[Patent Document 5]
JP 2001-106920 A
[Patent Document 6]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-392301
[Patent Document 7]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-178022
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, a plastic multilayer container in which a resin composition in which a gas barrier resin is mixed with a deoxidizing agent such as a polymer compound having a reducing metal powder or a polyhydric phenol in a skeleton is used as an intermediate layer, has a problem of oxygen absorption. However, when reducing metal powder is used as the oxygen scavenger, the resin discolors to a specific hue and cannot be used in a packaging field requiring transparency.
Further, when a high molecular compound having a polyhydric phenol in the skeleton is used as the oxygen scavenger, there is a problem that the oxygen scavenger develops a reddish brown color with oxygen absorption, and the applicable applications are limited. .
[0010]
On the other hand, an oxygen-absorbing package provided with an olefin-based resin as an inner and outer layer and a gas-barrier resin layer, an oxygen-absorbing resin layer, and a cyclic olefin-based copolymer layer as an intermediate layer has oxygen-resistant permeation into a container. Although oxygen absorption in the container and oxygen permeation through the container wall are satisfactory, the number of layers exhibiting oxygen barrier is increased and the thickness of the container wall is increased because the oxygen barrier layer and the oxygen absorption layer are provided separately. However, it is not preferable in terms of production cost and the like.
[0011]
Furthermore, a multilayer container in which an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer in which an oxidizing polymer and an oxidation catalyst are blended with a gas-barrier resin and an olefin-based resin layer is laminated has an extremely high oxygen barrier property. Since the resin itself has poor gas permeability resistance, there is a problem that the high barrier property is not maintained.
That is, the amount of oxygen absorbed by the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer reaches a saturated state in a short period of time, and thereafter does not exhibit high barrier properties, and its duration is considerably short.
[0012]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the transparency, oxygen absorption, and the duration of high barrier property against oxygen in a multilayer container in which the inner and outer layers are olefin-based resins and the intermediate layer is an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer. It is to provide a multilayer container.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, in a multi-layer container in which the inner and outer layers are made of an olefin-based resin and the intermediate layer is made of an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer has an oxygen absorption capacity S (cc / m 2 ) Is the oxygen permeation amount per day T (cc / m 2 / Day), wherein the S / T divided by 250 is at least 250.
[0014]
In the present invention,
1. The above T is defined as the oxygen permeation amount T0 (cc / m 2) of the gas barrier resin having the same thickness as the oxygen absorbing barrier layer. 2 / Day) divided by 2 or less.
2. The relationship between the oxygen absorption rate Q excluding the vicinity of the start and end points of oxygen absorption of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer and the oxygen transmission rate P after deactivation is Q ≧ P,
3. The oxygen-absorbing barrier layer is composed of a resin in which an oxidizing polymer having an unsaturated ethylene bond and an oxidation catalyst are blended with the gas barrier resin,
4. Providing an odor barrier layer between the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer and the inner layer,
5. The odor barrier layer is an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin,
6. That the odor barrier layer is a cyclic olefin resin,
7. It is preferable to provide a weak barrier coating layer having a thickness of 2 μm or more on the outer layer.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multilayer container in which the inner and outer layers are made of an olefin-based resin and the intermediate layer is an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, wherein the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer has an oxygen absorption capacity S (cc / m 2 ) Is the oxygen permeation amount per day T (cc / m 2 The characteristic is that the S / T divided by (/ day) is 250 or more.
That is, the multilayer container in which the inner and outer layers are made of an olefin-based resin and the intermediate layer is an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer has a shorter period of maintaining high barrier properties than a PET container or the like due to the high oxygen permeability of the olefin itself.
In such a multilayer container, in order to sufficiently exhibit the high barrier property of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, a certain balance is required between the oxygen permeation amount and the oxygen absorbing ability of the layer, for example, When a certain amount or more of oxygen is supplied to the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, the oxygen-absorbing amount of the layer also reaches a saturated state in a short period of time, and as a result, the high barrier property inherent to the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer is obtained. Is not sufficiently exhibited, and the duration of the high barrier property is short.
[0016]
This phenomenon will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, oxygen enters the multilayer container from the outer surface side. This oxygen is trapped by the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, and basically, the oxygen does not reach the inside of the container. This performance continues until the oxygen-absorbing capacity in the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer is consumed, resulting in a high-barrier duration as shown in FIG. However, when the absorption capacity of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer is low or the amount of oxygen that invades is large, the time until the absorption capacity is consumed is short, so that the duration of the high barrier property is short. Therefore, in order to maintain a significant high barrier period in the olefin container, the S / T obtained by dividing the oxygen absorption amount S by the oxygen permeation amount T after deactivation corresponding to the invading oxygen amount is equal to or more than a certain value. Need to be As can be seen from the examples described below, even if the S / T is considerably increased, in the case of the olefin container, the high barrier period is considerably shorter than the value expected from the S / T. The reason for this is not clear, but it is believed that the oxygen that has penetrated the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer is quickly captured by the oxidizing polymer, and the oxygen concentration gradient in the layer is steeper than expected.
Further, the oxygen permeation amount T after deactivation is determined by the oxygen permeation amount T of the gas barrier resin serving as the base material of the oxygen absorbing barrier layer. 0 When the oxygen absorption barrier layer is deactivated, oxygen rapidly enters the container and prevents rapid deterioration of the contents. Even in a container, the contents sensitive to oxygen can be stored for a long time. This can be easily understood by variously changing the slope of the curve after the end of the high barrier period in FIG.
[0017]
Further, the relationship between the oxygen absorption rate Q excluding the vicinity of the oxygen absorption start and end points of the oxygen-absorbing barrier intermediate layer and the oxygen transmission rate P after deactivation is represented by Q ≧ P. The duration of the high barrier property of the conductive barrier layer can be further improved. That is, in the case of the resin composition of the present invention, the change in Q over time is represented as shown in FIG. 3, and the high barrier period continues until the oxygen absorbing function is almost consumed. Although the oxygen absorption performance continues, the invading oxygen cannot be completely captured, and the amount of oxygen permeating into the container gradually increases, and the effect of the high barrier cannot be sufficiently exhibited. .
[0018]
In the present invention, the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer is preferably a resin in which an oxidizing polymer having an unsaturated ethylene bond and an oxidation catalyst are blended in a gas barrier resin serving as a substrate, and the oxidizing polymer is oxidized. Oxygen is absorbed by being oxidized by the catalyst, and the gas barrier resin retains the gas barrier property against oxygen without being substantially oxidized, and the oxygen absorption property and the gas barrier property are performed by separated functions. .
[0019]
On the other hand, in the oxidation reaction of the oxidizable polymer, odorous substances are by-produced, and the by-products of odorous substances generated by this oxidation reaction are unique to the oxidation reaction, and it is difficult to suppress the generation. is there.
For this reason, it is preferable to provide an odor barrier layer between the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer and the inner layer.
[0020]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the outer layer made of a polyolefin resin may be provided with a weak barrier coating layer for oxygen having a thickness of 2 μm or more, and if the weak barrier coating layer is provided, the oxygen-absorbing barrier may be provided. The rate of supply of oxygen to the layer is reduced to some extent to moderately moderate the rate of oxygen supply, and maintains a constant balance with the rate of oxygen absorption of the barrier layer. As a result, the high barrier inherent to the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer And the duration of high barrier properties can be further improved.
[0021]
[Inner and
In the present invention, the inner and
[0022]
The olefin-based resin constituting the inner and
The inner and
The thickness of the inner and
[0023]
[Intermediate layer 4 (oxygen-absorbing barrier layer)]
The
Specifically, it is formed by mixing an oxidizing polymer and a transition metal catalyst (oxidation catalyst) with a gas barrier resin. That is, by oxidizing the oxidizing polymer, it absorbs and captures oxygen and enhances the oxygen barrier function of the gas barrier resin, and the transition metal catalyst is blended to promote the oxidation of the oxidizing polymer. You.
In the present invention, the oxygen permeation amount of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer after deactivation of the oxygen-absorbing ability is extremely important, and the oxidizing polymer is preferably finely dispersed in the gas-barrier resin. By adopting the finely dispersed structure, even if a large amount of the oxidizing polymer is blended, the inherent barrier performance of the gas barrier resin can be maintained without breaking the continuous phase of the gas barrier resin. Also, the state in which the oxidizing polymer is mixed in the gas barrier resin at the molecular level is not preferable because the intermolecular force between the gas barrier resin molecules is weakened and the oxygen barrier property is reduced.
[0024]
(Gas barrier resin)
As the gas barrier resin, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties. For example, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 60 mol%, particularly 25 to 50 mol% A saponified copolymer obtained by saponifying so that the degree of saponification is 96% or more, particularly 99% by mol or more is preferable. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) should have a molecular weight sufficient to form a film, and is generally a mixed solvent having a phenol / water weight ratio of 85/15. It is desirable that the resin has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.01 dl / g, particularly at least 0.05 dl / g, measured at 30 ° C.
[0025]
Examples of gas barrier resins other than the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer include, for example,
These polyamides should also have a molecular weight sufficient to form a film, for example, if the relative viscosity measured at 30 ° C. in concentrated sulfuric acid (concentration 1.0 g / dl) is 1.1 or more, especially 1.5 or more. Desirably.
Further, examples of the gas barrier resin include a polyester resin, especially a polyglycolic acid resin.
The gas barrier resin may be selected from these resins according to the intended use.However, if the gas barrier resin itself is oxidatively decomposed due to the combination of the oxidizing polymer and the oxidation catalyst, the oxygen absorption proceeds with the progress of oxygen absorption. The amount of oxygen penetrating into the absorbent barrier layer may increase exponentially, which is not preferable for the use of the present invention.
[0026]
(Oxidizing polymer)
[0027]
(Oxidizing polymer)
Further, as the oxidizing polymer to be mixed with the gas barrier resin, those having an active carbon atom capable of easily extracting hydrogen are preferable, and such an active carbon atom is not necessarily limited to this. Include a carbon atom adjacent to a carbon-carbon double bond, a tertiary carbon atom having a carbon side chain bonded thereto, and an active methylene group.
It is preferable to use an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polymer as the oxidizing polymer.
[0028]
Such an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polymer is derived from, for example, a polyene as a monomer. Suitable examples of polyene include, but are not limited to, conjugated dienes such as butadiene and isoprene; 1,4-hexadiene, 3-methyl-1,4-hexadiene, 4-methyl-1,4- Chain non-conjugated dienes such as hexadiene, 5-methyl-1,4-hexadiene, 4,5-dimethyl-1,4-hexadiene and 7-methyl-1,6-octadiene; methyltetrahydroindene, 5-ethylidene-2 Cyclic non-conjugated such as -norbornene, 5-methylene-2-norbornene, 5-isopropylidene-2-norbornene, 5-vinylidene-2-norbornene, 6-chloromethyl-5-isopropenyl-2-norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, etc. Diene; 2,3-diisopropylidene-5-norbornene, 2-ethylidene-3-isopropylidene- - norbornene, 2-propenyl-2,2-norbornadiene, etc. triene, chloroprene, and the like.
[0029]
That is, a homopolymer of the polyene, or a random copolymer or a block copolymer obtained by combining two or more of the polyenes or other monomers can be used as the oxidizable polymer. Other monomers to be copolymerized with the polyene include α-olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-hexene. Heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-nonadecene, 1-eicosene, Examples thereof include 9-methyl-1-decene, 11-methyl-1-dodecene, 12-ethyl-1-tetradecene and the like. In addition, styrene, vinyltriene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acetic acid Vinyl, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and the like can also be used.
[0030]
In the present invention, among the polymers derived from the above-mentioned polyene, polybutadiene (BR), polyisoprene (IR), natural rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber, Ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) and the like are suitable, but are not limited thereto. Further, the iodine value is preferably 100 or more, particularly about 120 to 196.
[0031]
In addition to the above-mentioned polymer containing an ethylenically unsaturated group, a polymer which is easily oxidized itself, for example, polypropylene, an ethylene / carbon monoxide copolymer, or the like can also be used as the oxidizing polymer.
[0032]
In the present invention, from the viewpoint of moldability and the like, it is preferable that the viscosity at 40 ° C. of the above-mentioned oxidizable polymer and its copolymer is in the range of 1 to 200 Pa · s.
Further, the oxidizing polymer comprising these oxidizing polymers or copolymers thereof is preferably used in an amount of 1 to 30 parts by weight, particularly 2 to 20 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the gas barrier resin.
[0033]
Furthermore, the oxidizing polymer used in the present invention is preferably modified with a carboxylic acid group, a carboxylic acid anhydride group or the like, and as a monomer used for introducing these functional groups, And an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having the following functional group.
[0034]
As these monomers, it is preferable to use unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof.Specifically, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, etc. unsaturated carboxylic acids such as α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, bicyclo [2,2,1] hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboxylic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, tetrahydroanhydride Unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydrides such as α, β unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydrides such as phthalic acid and bicyclo [2,2,1] hept-2-ene-5,6-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are exemplified.
[0035]
The acid modification of the polyene polymer is produced by graft copolymerizing an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof by a means known per se.
[0036]
The polyene-based polymer particularly suitable for the purpose of the present invention preferably contains an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof in an amount such that the acid value becomes 5 mg / g or more.
When the content of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative is within the above range, the dispersion state of the acid-modified polyene-based polymer in the gas barrier resin is improved, and the oxygen is smoothly absorbed.
The polyene polymer used in the present invention is preferably a liquid resin in a state of being modified with an acid or an acid anhydride, from the viewpoint of dispersibility in a gas barrier resin.
Another example of a suitable oxidizing polymer is a polymer having an acid value of 30 KOH mg / g or more obtained by further modifying an olefin resin having a tertiary carbon atom with an acid or an acid anhydride. An example of this oxidizable polymer is an acid-modified polypropylene resin, and a suitable polymer is available from Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. under the trade name UMEX 1010.
[0037]
[Transition metal catalyst]
As the transition metal catalyst used together with the above-mentioned oxidizing polymer, iron, cobalt, nickel and the like are preferably Group VIII metals of the periodic table, but other copper and Group I metals such as silver, tin, It may be a Group IV metal such as titanium or zirconium, a Group V metal such as vanadium, a Group VI metal such as chromium, or a Group VII metal such as manganese. Among them, cobalt particularly promotes oxygen absorption (oxidation of the oxidizing polymer) remarkably, and is particularly suitable for the purpose of the present invention.
[0038]
The transition metal catalyst is generally used in the form of a low-valent inorganic, organic or complex salt of the transition metal.
Examples of the inorganic salts include halides such as chlorides, sulfur oxy salts such as sulfates, nitrogen oxy acid salts such as nitrates, phosphorus oxy salts such as phosphates, and silicates.
On the other hand, examples of the organic salt include carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphonate and the like, and carboxylate is suitable for the purpose of the present invention. Specific examples thereof include acetic acid, propionic acid, isopropionic acid, butanoic acid, isobutanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, isoheptanoic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, 3,5,5 -Trimethylhexanoic acid, decanoic acid, neodecanoic acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, lindelic acid, tuzunic acid, petroselinic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid And transition metal salts such as arachidonic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, sulfamic acid and naphthenic acid.
[0039]
In the present invention, the transition metal catalyst is preferably blended in an amount of 10 to 1000 ppm, particularly 50 to 500 ppm, based on the gas barrier resin.
[0040]
The oxygen-absorbing barrier layer (intermediate layer) 4 containing a gas barrier resin, an oxidizing polymer, and a transition metal catalyst has various compounding agents such as, for example, various additives within a range that does not impair the excellent high barrier properties and moldability. Fillers, colorants, heat stabilizers, weather stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents, lubricants such as metal soaps and waxes, modifying resins and rubbers, etc. It can also be blended.
In addition, the above-described oxygen-absorbing barrier
[0041]
[Odor barrier layer 5]
In the present invention, the odor barrier layer first needs to have excellent gas barrier properties, and the resin constituting the deodorizing layer has an oxygen permeability coefficient of 4.5 × 10 4. -11 (Cc · cm / cm 2 / Sec / cmHg: 23 ° C.-0% RH) or less.
It is also important that the odor barrier layer does not allow a specific substance, that is, an odor substance generated from the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, to pass therethrough. It is necessary to suppress permeation of both of these substances in order to prevent a decrease in flavor.
Since this polar substance is soluble in water, the parameter indicating the permeation amount of this odorous substance is water permeability, that is, moisture permeability (g / m 2 / Day: 40 ° C.-90% RH). On the other hand, the parameter of the amount of permeation of a nonpolar substance is oxygen permeation (cc · m). 2 / Day / atm: 23 ° C.-88% RH).
[0042]
From such a viewpoint, in the deodorizing layer, the moisture permeability of the deodorizing layer (g / m 2 / Day: 40 ° C.-90% RH) and oxygen permeation amount (cc · m) 2 / Day / atm: 23 ° C.-88% RH) can show a barrier to odorous substances, and when the product is 40,000 or less, particularly 20,000 or less, more preferably 10,000 or less, the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer It is possible to effectively block the odorous substance generated from the odorous substance and prevent the transfer of the odorous substance to the contents, thereby providing a multilayer container having excellent flavor.
[0043]
As the resin constituting the
Further, as the resin constituting the odor barrier layer, other than the above, olefin resins such as cyclic olefin resins can be used.
[0044]
(Cyclic olefin resin)
The cyclic olefin copolymer resin is a non-crystalline or low-crystalline copolymer of an olefin and a cyclic olefin. As the olefin, ethylene is preferred, but propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1- Α-olefins having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as hexene, 1-octene, 3-methyl 1-pentene and 1-decene, are used alone or in combination with ethylene.
As the cyclic olefin, basically, an alicyclic hydrocarbon compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond and a bicyclo ring, particularly, bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, tetracyclo [4,4,0,1 2,5 , 1 7,10 3-dodecene and the like are preferable, and for example, those described in JP-A-3-726, JP-A-2-196832, and the like can be used.
Particularly, an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer is preferable, but the content of the cyclic olefin in the ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer is preferably 10 to 50 mol%, particularly preferably 15 to 45 mol%. By providing the layer made of the ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer, the fragrance retention and water retention of the contents are remarkably improved.
[0045]
The copolymer (COC) is obtained by subjecting an olefin and a cyclic olefin to random polymerization in the presence of a vanadium-based catalyst or a metallocene-based catalyst known per se. A suitable copolymer (COC) is available from Mitsui Petrochemical Co., Ltd. under the trade name APEL.
[0046]
When a cyclic olefin-based resin is used as the
[0047]
In addition, a compounding agent known per se, for example, a pigment, a filler, an antioxidant, a lubricant, a stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, and the like can be added to the cyclic olefin-based resin according to a formulation known per se.
Although the thickness of such an
Further, the resin constituting the odor barrier layer preferably has a glass transition point (Tg) of 50 ° C. or higher.
[0048]
(Deodorant or adsorbent)
The
Known deodorants or adsorbents, for example, natural zeolites, synthetic zeolites, silica gel, activated carbon, impregnated activated carbon, activated clay, activated aluminum oxide, clay, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, talc, bentonite, magnesium oxide, iron oxide , Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, synthetic hydrotalcite, amine-supported porous silica, etc., can be used alone or in combination of two or more. From the viewpoint of reactivity, a substance containing an amino group such as amine-supported porous silica is particularly preferable.
[0049]
In order to uniformly disperse these deodorants or adsorbents in the odor barrier layer, it is usually preferable that the dispersion average particle diameter is 10 μm or less.
These deodorants or adsorbents are preferably used in the odor barrier layer in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight. The addition method may be added as it is, but it is added in the form of a master batch. Is preferred from the viewpoint of dispersibility.
[0050]
[Adhesive layer 6]
The
From the viewpoint of adhesiveness, these adhesive resins contain a carbonyl group (> CCO) in an amount of 1 to 100 meq / 100 g resin, particularly 10 to 100 meq / 100 g resin in the main chain or side chain. Is preferred.
Usually, the thickness of the
[0051]
[Weak barrier coating layer 7]
The
It is a thin layer having a thickness of 10 μm, and its oxygen permeability at 23 ° C.-0% RH (cc · cm / cm 2 / Sec / cmHg) is 5 × 10 -13 ~ 1 × 10 -11 , Especially 8 × 10 -13 ~ 8 × 10 -12 In the range. That is, the
[0052]
The weak
The ultraviolet-curable varnish is mainly composed of an ultraviolet-curable resin, and is blended with an ultraviolet-polymerization initiator.For example, in order to satisfy the oxygen permeability coefficient described above, an alicyclic type is used as the ultraviolet-curable resin. Epoxy resins are preferred.
The alicyclic epoxy resin has an alicyclic group in the molecule and contains an epoxy resin component having a structure in which a carbon atom adjacent to the alicyclic group forms an oxirane ring. Epoxy compounds having at least one epoxycycloalkane group (epoxycyclohexane ring, epoxycyclopentane ring, etc.) in the molecule are used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of particularly suitable alicyclic epoxy resins include, but are not limited to, vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, vinylcyclohexene monoepoxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane carboxy. Rate, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy) cyclohexane-m-dioxane, bis (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) adipate, limonene dioxide, and the like. .
[0053]
The ultraviolet polymerization initiator used in combination with the alicyclic epoxy resin as described above is decomposed by ultraviolet rays to release a Lewis acid, and the Lewis acid has an action of polymerizing an epoxy group. Examples include aromatic iodonium salts, aromatic sulfonium salts, aromatic selenium salts, and the like.
[0054]
The UV-curable varnish may contain a diluent known per se, an epoxy resin for modification, a sensitizer, a crosslinking agent, and the like.
Examples of the diluent include phenyl glycidyl ether, methylphenyl glycidyl ether, n-butyl glycidyl ether, 1,2-epoxyhexadecane, vinyl ethers, oxetane compounds, and polyhydric alcohol derivatives having one hydroxyl group.
As the epoxy resin for modification, a bisphenol type epoxy resin derived from bisphenols such as bisphenol A and bisphenol F and epichlorohydrin can be used.
Examples of the sensitizer include thioxanthone derivatives such as 2,4-diethylthioxanthone and 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone.
Examples of the crosslinking agent include various polyols such as ε-caprolactone triol.
[0055]
Suitable examples of the formulation of the above-mentioned UV-curable varnish include, but are not limited to, for example, 1 to 10 parts by weight of an ultraviolet polymerization initiator, particularly 2 to 8 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of alicyclic epoxy resin. The diluent is preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, particularly 1 to 5 parts by weight, the epoxy resin for modification is 1 to 20 parts by weight, particularly 2 to 10 parts by weight, and the sensitizer is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight. The amount is preferably 1 to 2 parts by weight, particularly 0.2 to 1.5 parts by weight, and the amount of the crosslinking agent is 1 to 20 parts by weight, particularly 2 to 10 parts by weight.
In addition, other than the above, a defoaming agent such as a pigment, silicone oil, and a leveling agent such as a fluorine-based surfactant can be blended. For imparting, a plasticizer such as a phthalic acid ester can be blended.
[0056]
[Layer composition etc.]
Representative examples of the layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 5 to 10. However, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to such a layer configuration, and various layer configurations can be adopted.
In the present invention, the inner and outer layers are olefin-based resins, and the intermediate layer is an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer.The oxygen-absorbing barrier layer has at least one between the inner layer and the outer layer so as not to be exposed on the outer surface of the container. It is provided as an intermediate layer.
In the present invention, an odor barrier layer is provided as needed, but is provided as an at least one intermediate layer on the inner layer side of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, that is, between the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer and the inner layer.
[0057]
The layer configuration of the
[0058]
The
[0059]
The layer configuration of the
[0060]
The layer configuration of the
[0061]
Further, the layer configuration of the
[0062]
The multilayer container of the present invention having the above-mentioned layer configuration is a film, a sheet, a bottle or tube forming parison or pipe, an intermediate molded product such as a bottle or tube forming preform, a cup, a tray, a bottle, a tube container, Applies to containers such as pouches.
The multilayer container of the present invention is particularly useful as a container for preventing a decrease in the flavor of the contents caused by oxygen.
For example, mayonnaise, ketchup, edible oil, dressing, sauces, cream-like toothpaste, hair dyes, various pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc., especially for filling various contents that deteriorate due to the presence of oxygen in the air. Applied.
[0063]
【Example】
The invention will be further described by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention.
[Evaluation and measurement]
[Evaluation of oxygen barrier performance]
In a multilayer container, 1 cc of distilled water was sealed under an oxygen concentration of 0.1% or less. This container was stored at 30 ° C.-80% RH for 6 months, the gas in the container was collected with a syringe, and gas chromatography (GC3BT: Shimadzu Corporation), detector: TCD (60 ° C.), column: The oxygen concentration in the container was measured using a molecular sieve 5A (100 ° C., carrier gas: argon) to obtain the amount of oxygen that had entered the container. A container using an oxygen-absorbing barrier material and a control container using the same thickness of a gas barrier material as a base are compared. A container in which oxygen of 1/5 or more of the control has entered in 2 months is x 2 months. Containers in which the amount of oxygen entering was less than 1/5 of the control over time, were evaluated as ○, and containers in which the amount of oxygen entering was less than 1/5 of the control even after 3 months or more were evaluated as ◎. The period in which the amount of oxygen that has penetrated into the container is less than 1/5 of the control can be interpreted as a parameter that combines the high barrier period and the amount of oxygen that has entered after the end of the high barrier period.
[0064]
[Measurement of oxygen absorption capacity S]
The multilayer container was cut to prepare a multilayer structure sample having an oxygen-absorbing barrier resin as an intermediate layer. This sample was sealed together with 1 cc of distilled water in a sealed container having oxygen barrier properties, and stored in a 30 ° C. atmosphere. At this time, care was taken so that the sample did not directly contact the distilled water.
The gas in the sealed container was collected with a syringe, and the oxygen concentration in the container was measured by the gas chromatography. From the amount of decrease in the oxygen concentration at the time when the change in the oxygen concentration in the container is almost eliminated and the surface area of the multilayer container before cutting, the oxygen absorption amount S (cc / m 3) of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer at 30 ° C. 2 ) Was calculated using two significant figures.
[0065]
[Measurement of oxygen transmission amount T after deactivation of oxygen absorption ability]
1 cc of distilled water was sealed in a multilayer container under the condition of an oxygen concentration of 0.1% or less, and stored in an environment of 30 ° C. and 80% RH. The amount of increase in the oxygen concentration in the multilayer container was measured over time by the gas chromatography, and the high barrier period was terminated, and the surface area of the container was measured in a region where the increase in the oxygen concentration and the lapse of time showed a constant slope. And the amount of oxygen permeated into the container from the amount of oxygen permeation T (cc / m 2 / Day) was calculated. In the case of the multilayer container used in this example, even after the deactivation, the oxygen permeation amount of the layers other than the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer was extremely high, and the oxygen permeation amount of the multilayer container was reduced by the oxygen permeation of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer. There was no problem with the amount T.
The oxygen permeation amount of the gas barrier resin serving as the base of the oxygen-absorbing barrier material was measured as follows. That is, a multi-layer container having an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer as an intermediate layer is prepared, and 1 cc of distilled water is sealed in the multi-layer container under the condition of an oxygen concentration of 0.1% or less. Saved. The amount of increase in the oxygen concentration in the multilayer container was measured over time by the gas chromatography, and based on the surface area of the container and the amount of oxygen entering the container, the amount of oxygen permeation T per day in the air was determined. 0 (Cc / m 2 / Day) was calculated.
S, T, T thus obtained 0 And the gas barrier property ratio β (= T / T 0 ) Was calculated using two significant figures.
[0066]
[Oxygen absorption rate Q, oxygen permeation rate P after deactivation]
An oxygen-absorbing barrier film material having a thickness of 20 μm was formed. Seven strips of 3 cm × 4 cm strips were cut out of the film material and sealed together with 1 cc of a humidity control solution (water / glycerin mixed solution: humidity of 80% RH) in a sealed container having oxygen barrier properties. At this time, care was taken so that the sample pieces did not overlap with each other and were not directly wetted with the humidity control liquid.
The sealed container was stored in an atmosphere at 30 ° C., and the change in oxygen concentration in the container over time was analyzed by the gas chromatography at one-day intervals. From the amount of decrease in the oxygen concentration, the oxygen absorption rate Q (cc / m 2) of the oxygen-absorbing barrier film material at 30 ° C. and 80% RH was determined. 2 / Day / atm) was calculated using two significant figures. In the calculation of Q, since the oxygen absorption occurs from both the front and back surfaces of the film material, the area of the sample film was the front and back area of the film.
The film material used for the measurement of Q was set in an oxygen permeability coefficient measuring device (OX-
[0067]
[Evaluation of odor barrier properties]
In an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 0.1% or less, 1 cc of distilled water was sealed inside the multilayer container. This container was stored at 30 ° C.-80% RH for one month, and the odor inside the container was confirmed by five panelists. A multilayer container using a gas-barrier resin serving as its base instead of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer was used as a control, and those having little off-flavor compared to the control were rated as ○, and those showing a clear off-flavor were rated x.
[0068]
[Example 1]
Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin pellets (EP-F101B: Kuraray Co., Ltd.) copolymerized with 32 mol% ethylene and cobalt neodecanoate having a cobalt content of 14 wt% (DICNATE 5000: Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) Was mixed with a tumbler, and cobalt neodecanoate having a cobalt amount of 350 ppm was uniformly adhered to the surface of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin pellet.
Next, using a twin-screw extruder (TEM-35B: Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd.) equipped with a strand die at the outlet portion, while pulling a low vacuum vent at a screw rotation speed of 100 rpm, an acid value of 40 KOHmg / g by a liquid feeder. 5 parts by weight of maleic anhydride-modified liquid polybutadiene having a number average molecular weight of 5800 (M-2000-20: Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) based on 95 parts by weight of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin to which cobalt is adhered Then, the strand was drawn at a molding temperature of 200 ° C. to produce an oxygen-absorbing barrier material pellet.
Using the prepared pellets, the inner volume is 125 cc, and the total thickness of the body is 700 μm having a body layer configuration of LDPE / adhesive / oxygen-absorbing barrier material (30 μm) / adhesive / LDPE from the outer layer side by direct blow molding. Was produced.
The oxygen barrier performance, S / T, β and odor barrier performance of this multilayer bottle were evaluated and measured. In addition, the relationship between the oxygen absorption rate Q and the oxygen transmission rate P after deactivation, which was separately measured for a film produced using the same oxygen-absorbing barrier material pellets, was confirmed.
[0069]
[Example 2]
A multilayer bottle was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending amount of the maleic anhydride-modified polybutadiene was dropped to 4 parts by weight with respect to 96 parts by weight of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin to which cobalt was adhered. Was prepared, and the same evaluation, measurement and confirmation were performed.
[0070]
[Example 3]
A multilayer bottle was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of the maleic anhydride-modified polybutadiene was dropped to 3 parts by weight with respect to 97 parts by weight of the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin to which cobalt was adhered. Was prepared, and the same evaluation, measurement and confirmation were performed.
[0071]
[Example 4]
Instead of maleic anhydride-modified polybutadiene, an acid-modified polypropylene-based resin (UMEX 1010: Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) having an acid value of 52 KOH mg / g was added to 85 parts by weight of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin to which cobalt was adhered. A multilayer bottle was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixture was supplied to the twin-screw extruder at a ratio of 15 parts by weight, and the same evaluation, measurement and confirmation were performed.
[0072]
[Example 5]
LDPE / adhesive / oxygen-absorbing barrier material (30 μm) / adhesive / cyclic olefin copolymer resin (Apel 8008T) from the outer layer side by the direct blow molding method using the oxygen-absorbing barrier material pellets of Example 1. A multilayer tube having an inner volume of 200 cc and a total body thickness of 450 μm having a body layer configuration of (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., 40 μm) was produced. The outer surface of the multilayer tube was subjected to corona treatment, and a UV cation-curable finishing varnish containing an alicyclic epoxy resin as a main component was applied with a thickness of 7 μm and cured with a high-pressure mercury lamp.
Then, the same evaluation, measurement, and confirmation as in Example 1 were performed.
[0073]
[Comparative Example 1]
A multilayer bottle was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the oxygen-absorbing barrier layer was changed to 22 μm, and evaluation, measurement and confirmation were performed.
[0074]
Table 1 shows the results of evaluation, measurement and confirmation in the above Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0075]
Table 1
[0076]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in a multilayer container in which the inner and outer layers are olefin-based resins and the intermediate layer is an oxygen-absorbing barrier layer, the multilayer container has excellent transparency, oxygen-absorbing properties, and improved duration of high-barrier properties to oxygen. It can be a container.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing oxygen transmission and absorption in an oxygen-absorbing gas barrier layer.
FIG. 2 shows the duration of the high barrier properties of the oxygen-absorbing gas barrier layer.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a case where the relationship between the oxygen absorption rate Q and the oxygen permeation rate P after deactivation is Q ≧ P in the oxygen-absorbing gas barrier layer.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a case where the relationship between the oxygen absorption rate Q and the oxygen permeation rate P after deactivation is Q <P in the oxygen-absorbing gas barrier layer.
FIG. 5 is a reference diagram showing a layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a reference diagram showing another layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a reference diagram showing another layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a reference diagram showing another layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a reference diagram showing another layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a reference diagram showing another layer configuration in the multilayer container of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Multilayer container
2: Inner layer
3: Outer layer
4: Oxygen-absorbing barrier layer (intermediate layer)
5: Odor barrier layer
6: adhesive layer
7: weak barrier coating layer
8: Repro layer
9: Oxygen-absorbing barrier repro layer (intermediate layer)
Claims (8)
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| JP2006069673A (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-03-16 | Q P Corp | Containerized emulsified food |
| JP2006281640A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Kyoraku Co Ltd | Oxygen barrier multilayer structure and multilayer container consisting of the multilayer structure |
| WO2008072509A1 (en) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-19 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | Multilayered container |
| WO2008078522A1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | Multilayered container excellent in oxygen-barrier property |
| JP2008536731A (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2008-09-11 | アドバンスド プラスティックス テクノロジーズ ルクセンブルク エスアー | Water-resistant coating and method for producing the same |
| JP2010099875A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-05-06 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Oxygen absorbing laminated body and packaging container |
| JP2011000869A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2011-01-06 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | Multilayered film with gas-barrier property and bottom material for deep drawing packages using the same |
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| JP2014198408A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-23 | 出光ユニテック株式会社 | Laminated sheet, vessel body, packaging container, method for manufacturing laminated sheet, and method for manufacturing vessel body |
| KR20160103796A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2016-09-02 | 고다마 플라스틱스 가부시키가이샤 | Blow-Molded Laminated Container Having a Chemical Resistance and an Excellent Transparency |
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| JP2006281640A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Kyoraku Co Ltd | Oxygen barrier multilayer structure and multilayer container consisting of the multilayer structure |
| JP2008536731A (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2008-09-11 | アドバンスド プラスティックス テクノロジーズ ルクセンブルク エスアー | Water-resistant coating and method for producing the same |
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| JP2012504513A (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2012-02-23 | ウポノール・イノベーション・エービー | Methods and compositions for coated pipes |
| JP2010099875A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-05-06 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Oxygen absorbing laminated body and packaging container |
| JP2011000869A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2011-01-06 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | Multilayered film with gas-barrier property and bottom material for deep drawing packages using the same |
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