JP2004165634A - Ald表面処理のためのプラズマ処理 - Google Patents
Ald表面処理のためのプラズマ処理 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】 基板は、有機物含有材料を含み、第1の領域11と第2の領域22とを有する誘電体層を含んでいる。第1の領域11は、誘電体層中に組み入れられた第1の量の窒素を有し、第2の領域22は、誘電体層中に組み入れられた第2の量の窒素を有する。第2の領域22中の窒素の量は、第1の領域11中の窒素の量よりも多くなっている。基板は、さらに、誘電体層1の第2の領域22に接触している、原子層堆積により堆積された層23を含んでいる。
【選択図】図1
Description
a) 上記誘電体層の上記表面を、窒素を含有しているガス状物質(gaseous substance)に曝露し(expose)、これにより、上記誘電体層の曝露された表面を改質する(modify)。
b) 上記誘電体層の上記の曝露された表面に、原子層堆積プロセス(atomic layer deposition process)により層を堆積する。
− 有機物含有材料を含み、第1の領域(11)と第2の領域(22)とを有している誘電体層を含んでいる。ここで、上記第1の領域は、上記誘電体層中に組み入れられた第1の量の窒素を有し、上記第2の領域は、上記誘電体層中に組み入れられた第2の量の窒素を有する。上記第2の領域(22)中の窒素の量は、上記第1の領域中の窒素の量よりも多くなっている。
− 上記誘電体層の上記第2の領域に接触している、原子層堆積により堆積された層(23)を含んでいる。
a) 上記誘電体層の上記表面を、窒素を含有しているガス状物質に曝露し、これにより上記誘電体層の曝露された表面を改質(変更)する。
b) 上記誘電体層の上記の曝露された表面に、原子層堆積プロセスにより層を堆積する。
さらにもう1つの好ましい実施の形態において、ガス状混合物に含まれるNH3ガス及びO2ガスは、体積比で、99対1と1対99との間であるのが好ましく、9対1と1対9との間であるのがより好ましく、5対1と1対5との間であるのが最も好ましい。
SiLK(登録商標)の堆積
実施例1
200mmのシリコンウエハ(ワッカー社)が、1部(1 part)のNH3(アッシュランド30重量%)と、1部のH2O2(30重量%)と5部(5 parts)の脱イオン化されたH2Oとを含む混合物で洗浄された。トリアミノメチルシラン接着プロモータAP4000が加えられた。SiLK−I−360(ダウ・ケミカル社)がスピンコートされ、TELマーク8中において、60秒間、325℃で焼成された。ウエハは、SiLK(登録商標)膜の酸化を防止するために、水平ASM炉中において、N2雰囲気下で、300℃で30分間、硬化ないしキュア(cure)された。高分子の交差結合は、この最後のステップで実施される。ウエハは、200℃でロード/アンロードされ、炉の温度のランプ(ramp)の昇降(up/down)時に、N2雰囲気下で炉の内部に保持された(新品のSILK(登録商標)とも呼ばれる)。
実施例2.1
実施例1で得られた交差結合高分子膜の処理が、マットソンアスペンIIレジストストリップチャンバ内で、1体積部の窒素及び20体積部の酸素で構成されるガス状物質でもって、230℃、0.5torrで、4秒間行われた(酸素に富む(酸素リッチ)プラズマ又はICP処理とも呼ばれる)。900ワットのRF電力が印加された。
実施例1で得られた交差結合高分子膜の処理が、ラムTCP9100高密度プラズマ装置で、5体積部の窒素及び1体積部の酸素で構成されるガス状物質でもって、20℃、7mtorrで、4秒間行われた(窒素に富む(窒素リッチ)プラズマ又はRIPプラズマとも呼ばれる)。1700ワットのRF電力が印加された。さらに、バイアス(600ワットのボトム電力)が印加された。
実施例1で得られた交差結合高分子膜の処理が、ラムTCP9100高密度プラズマ装置で、5体積部の窒素及び1体積部の酸素で構成されるガス状物質でもって、20℃、7mtorrで、5秒間行われた(窒素に富むプラズマ又はRIPプラズマとも呼ばれる)。1700ワットのRF電力が印加された。さらに、バイアス(600ワットのボトム電力)が印加された。
実施例1で得られた交差結合高分子膜の処理が、ラムTCP9100高密度プラズマ装置で、窒素で構成されるガス状物質でもって、20℃、7mtorrで、5秒間行われた。1200ワットのRF電力が印加された。さらに、バイアス(600ワットのボトム電力)が印加された。
実施例1で得られた交差結合高分子膜の処理が、ラムTCP9100高密度プラズマ装置で、アルゴンで構成されるガス状物質でもって、20℃、7mtorrで、5秒間行われた。1200ワットのRF電力が印加された。さらに、バイアス(600ワットのボトム電力)が印加された。
実施例1で得られた交差結合高分子膜の処理が、ラムTCP9100高密度プラズマ装置で、アンモニアで構成されるガス状物質でもって、20℃、7mtorrで、5秒間行われた。1200ワットのRF電力が印加された。さらに、バイアス(600ワットのボトム電力)が印加された。
自動化されたウエハ操作プラットホーム(ポリゴン(登録商標)、ASM)と一体化されたパルサ2000(登録商標)反応器(ASM)が、タングステンベースのバリア材料の堆積のために用いられた。これはA、B、C、A・・・−タイプのパルスシーケンス(pulse sequence)で実施された。ここで個々のA、B及びCは、それぞれ、プリカーサのトリエチルボラン((C2H5)3B、シグマアルドリッチ)、6フッ化タングステン(WF6)及びアンモニア(NH3、メッサグリースハイム)である。他方、A、B、Cは、WCxNy(x=0.7、y=0.3)を生成する1つの堆積サイクルを表す。プリカーサは、ニードルバルブとソレノイドバルブとを介して、反応器に導入された。WF6及びNH3は、純粋な化合物として用いられた。他方、(C2H5)3Bは蒸発させられ、液体プリカーサを、20℃で窒素キャリアガス流れを伴ったと混合することにより供給された。過剰のプリカーサガスは、各プリカーサパルスの後、2秒間窒素(N2)を流すことにより除去された。システム中の残留水分は、それぞれN2及びNH3に対するガス浄化装置(ミリポア、マイクロリスGmbH)を用いることにより、1ppbのレベル未満に低減された。堆積時における温度は、約350℃であり、最大圧力は約2hPaであった。
分光偏光解析器(SE)SENTECH SE801により、350〜870nmの範囲内で、バリア膜の光学特性及び厚さが測定された。測定結果は、コーシーモデルに一致した。最も厚い膜に対して一度だけ、WCxNyの屈折率(n)及び減衰係数(k)が決定された。632.8nmの波長では、nWCxNy=2.99であり、kWCxNy=1.57であった。この後、WCxNy膜の光学定数(optical constant)が、フィットされるべき変数の数が減るように固定された。同様の手順が、有機高分子SiLK(登録商標)層に実施された。光学定数が固定され、厚さだけが2つのコーシー層によって、近似的にフィットさせられた。
新品のSiLK(登録商標)及び処理されたSiLK(登録商標)に堆積されたWCxNyバリアのシート抵抗(sheet resistance)が、KLAテンコルRs75を4点プローブにより測定された。熱酸化のコントロールウエハも、比較のために処理され、測定された。
Claims (17)
- 有機物含有材料を含む誘電体層の表面に層を堆積するための方法であって、
a) 上記誘電体層の上記表面を、窒素を含有しているガス状物質に曝露し、これにより上記誘電体層の少なくとも曝露された表面を改質するステップと、
b) 上記誘電体層の上記の曝露された表面に原子層堆積プロセスにより層を堆積するステップとを含んでいる方法。 - 上記誘電体層の表面を曝露する上記ステップが上記誘電体層の第1の領域を生じさせる結果となり、上記第1の領域が上記誘電体層中と上記誘電体層の第2の領域中とに組み入れられた第1の量の窒素を有し、上記第2の領域が上記の曝露された表面を有するとともに上記誘電体層中に組み入れられた第2の量の窒素を有し、上記誘電体層の上記第2の領域中の窒素の量が上記誘電体層の上記第1の領域中に受け入れられた窒素の量よりも多くなっている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 上記ガス状物質が、さらに、アルゴン、ヘリウム、酸素及び水素で構成されるグループから選択された複合物を含んでいる、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 上記表面を、窒素を含有しているガス状物質に曝露するステップが、さらに、窒素を含有しているプラズマが生成されるようにRF電力を印加する過程を含んでいる、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 上記の窒素を含有しているガス状物質が、N2、アンモニア、アジ化水素、アジ化水素のアルキル誘導体、ヒドラジン、ヒドラジンの塩、ヒドラジンのアルキル誘導体、フッ化窒素、ヒドロキシルアミン、ヒドロキシルアミンの塩、第1級アミン、第2級アミン、第3級アミン、窒素ラジカル及び励起状態の窒素で構成されるグループから選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 上記有機物含有材料が、ポリアリルエーテル、水素−シルセスキオキサン、メチル−シルセスキオキサン、ポリフッ素化炭化水素、ポリイミド、フッ素化ポリイミド、ベンゾシクロブテンポリマー及び芳香族熱硬化性樹脂で構成されるグループから選択される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- ALDプロセスによって堆積されている上記層が、金属炭化物及び/又は金属窒化物を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 上記金属が、タングステン、チタン及びタンタルで構成されるグループから選択される、請求項1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 上記誘電体層が細孔を有している、請求項1〜8のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 上記細孔が、0.2nmと15nmとの間の値の直径を有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- − 有機物含有材料を含み、第1の領域(11)と第2の領域(22)とを有している誘電体層であって、上記第1の領域が上記誘電体層中に組み入れられた第1の量の窒素を有し、上記第2の領域が上記誘電体層中に組み入れられた第2の量の窒素を有し、上記第2の領域(22)中の窒素の量が上記第1の領域中の窒素の量よりも多くなっている誘電体層と、
− 上記誘電体層の上記第2の領域に接触している、原子層堆積により堆積された層(23)とを含んでいる基板。 - 上記第1の領域及び上記第2の領域が、さらに、組み入れられた複合物を有していて、上記複合物が、アルゴン、ヘリウム、酸素及び水素で構成されるグループから選択されたものである、請求項11に記載の基板。
- 上記有機物含有材料が、ポリアリルエーテル、水素−シルセスキオキサン、メチル−シルセスキオキサン、ポリフッ素化炭化水素、ポリイミド、フッ素化ポリイミド、ベンゾシクロブテンポリマー及び芳香族熱硬化性樹脂で構成されるグループから選択されたものである、請求項11又は12に記載の基板。
- 上記層(23)が、金属炭化物及び/又は金属窒化物である、請求項11〜13のいずれか1つに記載の基板。
- 上記金属が、タングステン、チタン及びタンタルで構成されるグループから選択されたものである、請求項11〜14のいずれか1つに記載の基板。
- 上記誘電体層(1)が細孔(12)を有している、請求項11〜15のいずれか1つに記載の基板。
- 上記細孔が、0.2nmと15nmとの間の値の直径を有する、請求項11〜16のいずれか1つに記載の基板。
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