JP2004161941A - Two-part urethane composition - Google Patents
Two-part urethane composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004161941A JP2004161941A JP2002331218A JP2002331218A JP2004161941A JP 2004161941 A JP2004161941 A JP 2004161941A JP 2002331218 A JP2002331218 A JP 2002331218A JP 2002331218 A JP2002331218 A JP 2002331218A JP 2004161941 A JP2004161941 A JP 2004161941A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyisocyanate
- urethane composition
- blocked
- part urethane
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013035 low temperature curing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)=NO WHIVNJATOVLWBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIVIDPPYRINTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC(C)C RIVIDPPYRINTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CO KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003606 oligomerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVIIRWAJDFKJMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CC(C)=O GVIIRWAJDFKJMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propofol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1O OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N raffinose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-ZXFHETKHSA-N ribitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-ZXFHETKHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium phenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 NESLWCLHZZISNB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1O MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】高度な乾燥性、高度な耐衝撃性のある塗膜を形成でき、硬化剤及び塗料の貯蔵安定性を有する2液ウレタン組成物の提供。
【解決手段】下記1)〜3)を含み、ジイソシアネートモノマー濃度が1質量%以下である、2液ウレタン組成物。
1)イソシアネート基と反応しうる官能基を2個以上有する化合物
2)脂肪族・脂環族ポリイソシアネート
3)イソシアネート基の少なくとも1部が活性メチレン系ブロック剤で封鎖されたブロックポリイソシアネート
【選択図】 なしAn object of the present invention is to provide a two-pack urethane composition which can form a coating film having high drying properties and high impact resistance and has storage stability for a curing agent and a paint.
A two-part urethane composition comprising the following 1) to 3) and having a diisocyanate monomer concentration of 1% by mass or less.
1) a compound having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group 2) an aliphatic / alicyclic polyisocyanate 3) a blocked polyisocyanate in which at least a part of the isocyanate group is blocked with an active methylene-based blocking agent ] None
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、乾燥性、耐衝撃性に優れた塗膜形成に適した2液ウレタン組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ポリウレタン樹脂塗料は非常に優れたかとう性、耐薬品性、耐汚染性を有している上に、脂肪族、特にヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、脂環族、特にイソホロンジイソシアネートから誘導された無黄変ポリイソシアネートを硬化剤としたポリウレタン塗料は更に耐候性が優れ、その需要は増加する傾向にある。
更に、作業性を向上させるために、これらの2液ポリウレタン塗料の乾燥性向上が望まれていた。そのため、硬化促進剤などを添加する場合があった(例えば特許文献1、2参照)。硬化促進剤の使用で乾燥性は向上するものの、塗膜光沢、密着性の低下などの他に、酸性の添加剤と併用する場合に、塩基性である硬化促進剤の機能が阻害される場合があった。更に、イソシアネート基と水酸基の反応速度を向上させる上記技術は、塗料の貯蔵安定性も低下させていた。
また、例えば、車輪などで飛ばされ石が塗膜に当たった場合でも、損傷の少ない塗膜の出現が望まれている。ウレタン系塗料の耐衝撃性は優れているが、更なる向上が望まれていた。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開昭60−40112号公報
【特許文献2】
特開2002−173639号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、高度な乾燥性、高度な耐衝撃性のある塗膜を形成でき、硬化剤及び塗料の貯蔵安定性を有する2液ウレタン組成物を提供することを目的とする。特に比較的低温の硬化条件においても、上記の特性を発揮しうる2液ウレタン組成物を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記課題を解決するために、硬化剤に活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートとポリイソシアネートを併用することにより、高度の乾燥性、高度の耐衝撃性のある塗膜を形成でき、貯蔵安定性を有する2液ウレタン組成物を見出した。活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートを硬化剤とした塗料の低温硬化性、特に100℃以下の場合に到達架橋密度が低い場合がある。しかし、このような場合でもその架橋速度は、驚くべきことに、ポリイソシアネートを硬化剤とした場合より速い。更にその到達架橋密度の向上のため、ポリイソシアネートと併用することが極めて効果的であること、また、前記併用が塗膜の耐衝撃性を飛躍的に向上させることを発見し、本発明をなすに至った。
【0006】
即ち、本発明は下記の通りである。
1.下記1)〜3)を含み、ジイソシアネートモノマー濃度が1質量%以下である、2液ウレタン組成物。
1)イソシアネート基と反応しうる官能基を2個以上有する化合物
2)脂肪族・脂環族ポリイソシアネート
3)イソシアネート基の少なくとも1部が活性メチレン系ブロック剤で封鎖されたブロックポリイソシアネート
2.ブロックポリイソシアネートの前駆体が脂肪族・脂環族ポリイソシアネートである、1.記載の2液ウレタン組成物。
3.活性メチレン系ブロック剤がマロン酸ジエステルである、1.または2.記載の2液ウレタン組成物。
4.さらに、モノアルコールを含む、1.,2.または3.記載の2液ウレタン組成物。
5.塗料組成物である、1.,2.、3.または4.記載の2液ウレタン組成物。
6.前記4.または5.記載の2液ウレタン組成物を、温度60℃以上で硬化させる、2液ウレタン組成物の硬化方法。
7.前記6.記載の方法で硬化された基材。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について、その好ましい態様を中心に、詳細に説明する。
本発明に用いることができるイソシアネート基と反応しうる官能基を2個以上有する化合物を以下に具体的に説明する。
イソシアネート基を反応しうる官能基とは、活性水素を言い、具体的には水酸基、アミノ基、メルカプト基、カルボキシル基などが上げられる。これらの官能基1種以上を2個以上有する化合物とは、統計的数平均1分子あたり、これらの官能基を2個以上含む化合物であり、低分子量ポリオール、高分子量ポリオールなどがある。
【0008】
低分子量ポリオールとは、例えば、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトールなどがある。
高分子量ポリオールとは、モノマーが重合して得られるポリオールであり、例えば、アクリルポリオール、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリエーテルポリオール、エポキシポリオールなどが挙げられる。
アクリルポリオールとしては、例えば、アクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチル、アクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシプロピル、アクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシブチル等の活性水素を持つアクリル酸エステル、またはグリセリンのアクリル酸モノエステルあるいはメタクリル酸モノエステル、トリメチロールプロパンのアクリル酸モノエステルあるのはメタクリル酸モノエステルの群から選ばれた単独または混合物とアクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸イソプロピル、アクリル酸−n−ブチル、アクリル酸−2−エチルヘキシルなどのアクリル酸エステル、メタクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシエチル、メタクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシプロピル、メタクリル酸−2−ヒドロキシブチル、メタクリル酸−3−ヒドロキシプロピル、メタクリル酸−4−ヒドロキシブチル等の活性水素を持つメタクリル酸エステル、またはメタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸イソプロピル、メタクリル酸−n−ブチル、メタクリル酸イソブチル、メタクリル酸−n−ヘキシル、メタクリル酸ラウリル等のメタクリル酸エステルの群から選ばれた単独または混合物とを必須成分とし、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸等の不飽和カルボン酸、アクリルアミド、N−メチロールアクリルアミド、ジアセトンアクリルアミド等の不飽和アミド、及びメタクリル酸グリシジル、スチレン、ビニルトルエン、酢酸ビニル、アクリロニトリル、フマル酸ジブチル、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン等の加水分解性シリル基を有するビニルモノマー等のその他の重合性モノマーの群から選ばれた単独または混合物の存在下、あるいは非存在下において重合させて得られるアクリルポリオールが挙げられる。
【0009】
ポリエステルポリオールとしては、例えばコハク酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、ダイマー酸、無水マレイン酸、無水フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸等のカルボン酸の群から選ばれた二塩基酸の単独または混合物と、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリンなどの群から選ばれた多価アルコールの単独または混合物との縮合反応によって得られるポリエステルポリオール及び例えばε−カプロラクトンを多価アルコールを用いて開環重合して得られるようなポリカプロラクトン類等が挙げられる。これらのポリエステルポリオールは芳香族ジイソシアネート、脂肪族、脂環族ジイソシアネート及びこれらから得られるポリイソシアネートで変成することができる。この場合、特に脂肪族、脂環族ジイソシアネート及びこれら得られるポリイソシアネートが耐候性、耐黄変性などから好ましい。
【0010】
ポリエーテルポリオールとしては、多価ヒドロキシ化合物の単独または混合物に、例えばリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウムなどの水酸化物、アルコラート、アルキルアミンなどの強塩基性触媒を使用して、エチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイド、ブチレンオキサイド、シクロヘキセンオキサイド、スチレンオキサイドなどのアルキレンオキサイドの単独または混合物を付加して得られるポリエーテルポリオール類、更にエチレンジアミン類等の多官能化合物にアルキレンオキサイドを反応させて得られるポリエーテルポリオール類及び、これらポリエーテル類を媒体としてアクリルアミド等を重合して得られる、いわゆるポリマーポリオール等が含まれる。
【0011】
前記多価ヒドロキシ化合物としては、
▲1▼例えばジクリセリン、ジトリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ジペンタエリスリトールなど
▲2▼例えばエリトリトール、D−トレイトール、L−アラビニトール、リビトール、キシリトール、ソルビトール、マンニトール、ガラクチトール、ラムニトール等糖アルコール系化合物
▲3▼例えばアラビノース、リボース、キシロース、グルコース、マンノース、ガラクトース、フルクトース、ソルボース、ラムノース、フコース、リボデソース等の単糖類、
▲4▼例えばトレハロース、ショ糖、マルトース、セロビオース、ゲンチオビオース、ラクトース、メリビオースなどの二糖類、
▲5▼例えばラフィノース、ゲンチアノース、メレチトースなどの三糖類
▲6▼たとえはスタキオースなどの四糖類
などがある。
【0012】
本発明に用いるポリイソシアネートとは、イソシアネート基を3個以上分子内に有する化合物である。リジントリイソシアネート、グルタミン酸トリイソシアネート、4−イソシアネートメチル−1,8−オクタメチレンジイソシアネートなどのポリイソシアネート及びジイソシアネート、前記ポリイソシアネートをオリゴマー化して得ることができる。
この場合に用いるジイソシアネートとしては、脂肪族ジイソシアネートモノマーとして炭素数4〜30のものが、脂環族ジイソシアネートモノマーとして炭素数8〜30のものが好ましく、例えば、テトラメチレン−1,4−ジイソシアネート、ペンタメチレン−1,5−ジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、2,2,4−トリメチル−ヘキサメチレン−1,6−ジイソシアネート、リジンジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート、1,3−ビス(イソシアナートメチル)−シクロヘキサン、4,4’−ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート、ノルボルナンジイソシアネート等を挙げることが出来る。なかでも、耐候性、工業的入手の容易さから、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(以下HDIという)、イソホロンジイソシアネート(以下IPDIという)が好ましく、単独で使用しても、併用しても良い。
【0013】
上記ジイソシアネートモノマーからポリイソシアネートが得られる。
ポリイソシアネートは、例えば、ビウレット結合、尿素結合、イソシアヌレート結合、ウレトジオン結合、ウレタン結合、アロファネート結合、オキサジアジントリオン結合等を含む。
ビウレット結合を有するポリイソシアネートは、水、t−ブタノール、尿素などのいわゆるビウレット化剤とジイソシアネートモノマーをビウレット化剤/ジイソシアネートモノマーのイソシアネート基のモル比を約1/2〜約1/100で反応させた後、ジイソシアネートモノマーを除去精製し得られる。これらの技術に関しては、例えば、特開昭53−106797号公報、特開昭55−11452号公報、特開昭59−95259号公報などが開示されている。
【0014】
イソシアヌレート結合を有するポリイソシアネートは、例えば触媒などにより環状3量化反応を行い、転化率が約5〜約80質量%になった時に反応を停止し、ジイソシアネートモノマーを除去精製して得られる。この際に、1〜6価のアルコール化合物を併用することができる。これらの技術に関しては、例えば、特開昭55−38380号公報、特開昭57−78460号公報、特開昭57−47321号公報、特開昭61−111371号公報、特開昭64−33115号公報、特開平2−250872号公報、特開平6−312969号公報などがある。
【0015】
ウレタン結合を有するポリイソシアネート組成物は、例えばトリメチロールプロパンなどの2〜6価のアルコール系化合物とジイソシアネートモノマーをアルコール系化合物の水酸基/ジイソシアネートモノマーのイソシアネート基のモル比を約1/2〜約1/100で反応させた後、ジイソシアネートモノマーを除去精製し得られる。
アルコールを副原料に使用したイソシアヌレート結合を含むポリイソシアネートである、活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートの前駆体ポリイソシアネートとしては、ウレタン変成イソシアヌレート型ポリイソシアネートが、活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートとして結晶しにくく、好ましい。
【0016】
ポリイソシアネート中のジイソシアネートは薄膜蒸留、抽出などで1質量%以下、好ましくは0.5質量%以下、更に好ましくは0.2質量%まで除去される。1質量%を越える場合は、硬化性に悪影響を与える場合がある。
この様にして得られたポリイソシアネートのイソシアネート基濃度は5〜25質量%、粘度5〜50000mPas/25℃、イソシアネート基平均数(統計的数平均分子1分子が有するイソシアネート基数)は3以上、好ましくは4.5以上、更に好ましくは5以上、20以下がある。3未満の場合は、架橋性低下し、塗膜物性が劣る場合がある。20を越えると、結果的にポリイソシアネートが高粘度化し、塗膜外観などが低下しやすい。
【0017】
本発明に使用する活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートに用いる活性メチレン系ブロック剤としては、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、シアノ基、スルホニル基、ニトロ基などに挟まれた1個のメチレン基を有する化合物であり、その具体例としては、例えば、マロン酸ジメチル、マロン酸ジエチル、マロン酸ジイソプロピル、アセト酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸エチル、アセト酢酸イソプロピル、アセチルアセトン等が上げられ、2種以上を併用しても良い。マロン酸ジエステルを用いることが好ましい。
【0018】
活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートの前駆体であるポリイソシアネートは、前記したポリイソシアネートを用いることができ,このイソシアネート基平均数は、3以上、好ましくは4.5、更に好ましくは5以上である。3未満の場合は硬化性が低下する場合がある。
ポリイソシアネートと活性メチレン系ブロック剤との反応は触媒を用いることができる。その触媒としては、例えば、ナトリウムメチラート、ナトリウムエチラート、ナトリウムフェノラートなどの金属アルコラートなどがあり、ブロック化終了後、この触媒を燐酸エチル、燐酸ジエチル、燐酸ブチル、燐酸ジブチル、燐酸2エチルヘキシル、燐酸ジ2エチルヘキシルなどで中和することが好ましい。
【0019】
前駆体ポリイソシアネートのイソシアネート基の50質量%以上がマロン酸ジエステルでブロックされることが好ましい。75質量%以上がマロン酸ジエステルでブロックされることがより好ましい。前記のブロックされていないイソシアネート基が存在してもよく、また、活性メチレン系ブロック剤以外のブロック剤でイソシアネート基を封鎖しても良い。 この場合のブロック剤としては下記が挙げられる。
【0020】
(1)メタノール、エタノール、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、1−ブタノール、2−ブタノール、2−メチル−1−プロパノール、1−ペンタノール、2−ペンタノール、3−ペンタノール、2−メチル−1−ブタノール、3−メチル−1−ブタノール、2−メチル2−ブタノール、3−メチル−2−ブタノール、2,2−ジメチル−1−プロパノール、2−エチル−1−ヘキサノール、2−メトキシエタノール、2−エトキシエタノール、2−ブトキシエタノールなどのアルコール類
【0021】
(2)アルキルフェノール系;炭素原子数4以上のアルキル基を置換基として有するモノおよびジアルキルフェノール類であって、例えばn−プロピルフェノール、i−プロピルフェノール、n−ブチルフェノール、sec−ブチルフェノール、t−ブチルフェノール、n−ヘキシルフェノール、2−エチルヘキシルフェノール、n−オクチルフェノール、n−ノニルフェノール等のモノアルキルフェノール類、ジ−n−プロピルフェノール、ジイソプロピルフェノール、イソプロピルクレゾール、ジ−n−ブチルフェノール、ジ−t−ブチルフェノール、ジ−sec−ブチルフェノール、ジ−n−オクチルフェノール、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルフェノール、ジ−n−ノニルフェノール等のジアルキルフェノール類
【0022】
(3)フェノール系;フェノール、クレゾール、エチルフェノール、スチレン化フェノール、ヒドロキシ安息香酸エステル等
(4)メルカプタン系;ブチルメルカプタン、ドデシルメルカプタン等
(5)酸アミド系;アセトアニリド、酢酸アミド、ε−カプロラクタム、δ−バレロラクタム、γ−ブチロラクタム等
(6)酸イミド系;コハク酸イミド、マレイン酸イミド等
(7)イミダゾール系;イミダゾール、2−メチルイミダゾール等
(8)尿素系;尿素、チオ尿素、エチレン尿素等
【0023】
(9)オキシム系;ホルムアルドオキシム、アセトアルドオキシム、アセトオキシム、メチルエチルケトオキシム、シクロヘキサノンオキシム等
(10)アミン系;ジフェニルアミン、アニリン、カルバゾール、ジーn−プロピルアミン、ジイソプロピルアミン、イソプロピルエチルアミン等
(11)イミン系;エチレンイミン、ポリエチレンイミン等
(12)ピラゾール系;ピラゾール、3−メチルピラゾール、3,5−ジメチルピラゾール等がある。
【0024】
本発明で用いるポリイソシアネートと活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートの混合比率は、イソシアネート基/活性メチレン系ブロック剤で封鎖されたイソシアネート基の当量比が5/1〜1/5、好ましくは3/1〜1/3である。この当量比が5/1〜1/5の範囲外の場合は、短時間硬化での乾燥性が不十分となりやすく、焼付け硬化後の硬化が進みにくく、十分な塗膜物性が得られない場合がある。
上記の配合比率は、イソシアネート基/反応しうる官能基とイソシアネート基、ブロックされたイソシアネート基を合わせたイソシアネート基の当量比が5/1〜1/5、好ましくは3/1〜1/3、更に好ましくは2/1〜1/2である。当量比が5/1〜1/5の範囲外にある場合は十分な塗膜架橋密度が得られにくい。
【0025】
本発明の2液ウレタン組成物は、活性水素を分子内に1つ有する化合物を含むことができる。その化合物とは、前記のブロック剤である。特に、沸点が200℃以下、好ましくは180℃以下の化合物であり、活性水素種としては水酸基であるモノアルコールが好ましく、更に好ましくは分岐モノアルコールである。分岐モノアルコールは活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートが結晶化する場合に、結晶化を防ぐために有効である。その濃度は、活性メチレンでブロックされているイソシアネート基に対して、1.5倍モル以上、好ましくは2倍モル以上である。1.5倍モル未満であると、塗料組成物の粘度が増加することがある。
【0026】
本発明の組成物は状況に応じて、各種溶剤、添加剤を加えることができる。この場合の溶剤としては例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類、酢酸エチル、酢酸−n−ブチル、酢酸セロソルブなどのエステル類、ブタノール、イソプロピルアルコールなどのアルコール類、トルエン、キシレン、シクロヘキサン、ミネラルスピリット、ナフサなどの炭化水素類などの群から目的及び用途に応じて適宜選択して使用することができる。これらの溶剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
【0027】
また、必要に応じて硬化促進剤例えば錫、亜鉛、鉛等のカルボン酸等の有機金属化合物、酸化防止剤例えばヒンダードフェノール等、紫外線吸収剤例えばベンゾトリアゾール、ベンゾフェノン等、顔料例えば、酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、インジゴ、キナクリドン、パールマイカ等、金属粉顔料例えばアルミ等、レオロジーコントロール剤例えばヒドロキシエチルセルロース、尿素化合物等を添加してもよい。
【0028】
この様に調整された組成物は接着剤などにも使用できるが特に塗料としてロール塗装、カーテンフロー塗装、スプレー塗装、電着塗装などにより、鋼板、表面処理鋼板などの金属及びプラスチック、セメント、ケイ酸カルシウム、石膏などの無機材料などの素材にプライマーまたは上中塗りとして、防錆鋼板を含むプレコートメタル、バンパーなどの自動車部品、自動車塗装など更には、カチオン電着、アニオン電着などに美粧性、耐候性、耐酸性、防錆性、耐チッピング性などを付与するための塗料として有用である。
【0029】
焼付け温度は60℃以上、好ましくは70℃以上、更に好ましくは80℃以上である。焼付け温度が60℃未満の場合は、活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートの硬化性が不十分となり、優れた乾燥性を得ることができない場合がある。一方で、本件発明においては、特に90℃以下といった比較的低い焼付温度においても、優れた乾燥性と耐衝撃性を発揮しうる。焼付け時間は焼付け温度により、必要に応じて設定される。
【0030】
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、「部」は「質量部」を表す。
(数平均分子量の測定)
数平均分子量は下記の装置を用いたゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(以下GPCという)測定によるポリスチレン基準の数平均分子量である。
【0031】
(未反応モノマー濃度)
前記GPC測定で得られるジイソシアネートモノマー相当の分子量(例えばHDIであれば168)のピークの濃度をその面積%で表した。
(ゲル分率)
硬化塗膜を、アセトン中に20℃、24時間浸漬後、未溶解部分質量の浸漬前質量に対する値を計算し、30%未満の場合は×、30%以上60%未満の場合は△、60%以上90%未満の場合は△○、90%以上の場合は○で表した。
(貯蔵安定性)
塗料溶液を20℃で24時間放置後、塗液の流動状態を観察し、流動性のある状態を○、流動性がなく固化した状態を×で表示した。
(耐衝撃性評価)
撃心0.64cm、荷重500g、高さ50cmとしたデュポン式耐衝撃試験器を用いて塗膜温度25℃で評価した。塗膜に異常が認められた場合を×、認められない場合を○とした。
【0032】
【製造例1】(本発明実施例に用いる活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートの前駆体ポリイソシアネートの製造)
攪拌機、温度計、環流冷却管、窒素吹き込み管を取り付けた4ツ口フラスコ内を窒素雰囲気にし、HDI 100部を仕込み、撹拌下反応器内温度を60℃に保持した。その後、環状3量体化触媒テトラブチルアンモニウムカプリエートを添加し、収率が23質量%になった時点で、リン酸添加し反応を停止した。反応液を濾過した後、薄膜蒸留器でジイソシアネートモノマーを除去した。得られたポリイソシアネートP−1の25℃における粘度は1700mPa・s、イソシアネート基濃度は23.0質量%、ジイソシアネートモノマー濃度0.2質量%であった。数平均分子量は585であり、イソシアネート基平均数は3.2であった。
【0033】
【製造例2】(本発明実施例に用いる活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートの前駆体ポリイソシアネート製造)
攪拌機、温度計、環流冷却管、窒素吹き込み管を取り付けた4ツ口フラスコ内を窒素雰囲気にし、HDI 100部、3価アルコールであるトリメチロールプロパン3.3部を仕込み、撹拌下反応器内温度を80℃で2時間保持した。その後反応器内反応液温度60℃に保持し、環状3量体化触媒テトラブチルアンモニウムカプリエートを添加し、収率が45質量%になった時点で、リン酸添加し反応を停止した。反応液を濾過した後、薄膜蒸留器でジイソシアネートモノマーを除去した。得られたポリイソシアネートP−2の25℃における粘度は25000mPa・s、イソシアネート基濃度は19.5質量%、ジイソシアネートモノマー濃度0.2質量%であった。数平均分子量は1100であり、イソシアネート基平均数は5.1であった。
【0034】
【製造例3】(本発明実施例に用いる活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートの製造)
攪拌機、温度計、環流冷却管、窒素吹き込み管を取り付けた4ツ口フラスコ内を窒素雰囲気にし、ポリイソシアネートP−1 100部、マロン酸ジエチル61部、アセト酢酸エチル25部、キシレン41部を仕込み、28%ナトリウムメチラート溶液0.8部を室温で添加し、60℃、6時間攪拌下保持した。その後、1−ブタノール76部を添加し、1時間その温度攪拌下保持した。ついで、燐酸ジブチル0.8部を添加した。得られた活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートB−2は樹脂分60質量%、ブロックされたイソシアネート基濃度は7.6質量%であった。
【0035】
【製造例4】(本発明実施例に用いる活性メチレン系ブロックポリイソシアネートの製造)
攪拌機、温度計、環流冷却管、窒素吹き込み管を取り付けた4ツ口フラスコ内を窒素雰囲気にし、ポリイソシアネートP−2 100部、マロン酸ジエチル52部、アセト酢酸エチル21部、キシレン39部を仕込み、28%ナトリウムメチラート溶液0.7部を室温で添加し、60℃、6時間攪拌下保持した。その後、1−ブタノール71部を添加し、1時間その温度攪拌下保持した。ついで、燐酸ジブチル0.8部を添加した。得られた活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートB−1は樹脂分60質量%、ブロックされたイソシアネート基質量濃度は6.9質量%であった。
【0036】
【実施例1】
アクリルポリオール(大日本インキの商品名アクリディックA−801、樹脂分水酸基100mgKOH/g、樹脂分50%)100部、ポリイソシアネートP−1 12部、活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネートB−1 13.5部を配合し、シンナーとして酢酸エチル/トルエン/酢酸ブチル/キシレン/プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(質量比=30/30/20/15/5)の混合液を加えて2液ウレタン塗料組成物を得た。フォードカップ#4で20秒/20℃に粘度を調整し、エアスプレーガンで乾燥膜厚50マイクロメーターになるように塗装した。硬化条件は70℃、30分パスだけの場合と、70℃、30分に更に加えて20℃、相対湿度65Rh%下、7日間放置した場合の2条件で実施した。この2条件でのゲル分率、耐衝撃性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
【0037】
【実施例2〜4、比較例1〜3】
表1に示す以外は、実施例1と同様に実施した。結果を表1に示す。
【0038】
【表1】
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明の2液ウレタン組成物、特に塗料組成物は、高度な乾燥性、高度な耐衝撃性と塗料貯蔵安定性を有する。特に、高温での硬化に不向きの自動車補修やプラスチックへの塗装において、90℃以下といった比較的低い硬化条件においても、従来はなしえなかった良好な乾燥性と耐衝撃性を有する塗膜を形成することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a two-part urethane composition suitable for forming a coating film having excellent drying properties and impact resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyurethane resin coatings have very good toughness, chemical resistance, stain resistance, and non-yellowing derived from aliphatic, especially hexamethylene diisocyanate, alicyclic, especially isophorone diisocyanate. Polyurethane paints using polyisocyanate as a curing agent have even better weather resistance, and the demand for them tends to increase.
Further, in order to improve the workability, it has been desired to improve the drying properties of these two-pack polyurethane coatings. Therefore, a curing accelerator or the like was sometimes added (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Although the drying property is improved by using a curing accelerator, in addition to the decrease in coating film gloss and adhesion, when the function of a basic curing accelerator is inhibited when used in combination with an acidic additive. was there. Further, the above-described technique for increasing the reaction rate between isocyanate groups and hydroxyl groups has also reduced the storage stability of paints.
Also, for example, even when stones are hit by a wheel or the like and hit the coating film, it is desired that a coating film with less damage is produced. Although the impact resistance of the urethane-based paint is excellent, further improvement has been desired.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-60-40112
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2002-173639
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a two-part urethane composition that can form a coating film having high drying properties and high impact resistance and has storage stability for a curing agent and a coating material. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a two-part urethane composition that can exhibit the above-mentioned properties even under relatively low-temperature curing conditions.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have solved the above problem by using an active methylene block polyisocyanate and a polyisocyanate in combination as a curing agent to form a coating film having a high degree of drying and a high impact resistance. A two-part urethane composition having stability was found. The low-temperature curability of a coating composition using an active methylene-based blocked polyisocyanate as a curing agent, particularly when the coating temperature is 100 ° C. or lower, may result in a low crosslink density. However, even in such a case, the crosslinking speed is surprisingly higher than when polyisocyanate is used as a curing agent. Further, the present inventors have found that it is extremely effective to use the polyisocyanate in combination with the polyisocyanate in order to improve the attainable crosslink density, and also found that the combined use dramatically improves the impact resistance of the coating film. Reached.
[0006]
That is, the present invention is as follows.
1. A two-part urethane composition comprising the following 1) to 3) and having a diisocyanate monomer concentration of 1% by mass or less.
1) Compound having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group
2) Aliphatic / alicyclic polyisocyanate
3) Blocked polyisocyanate in which at least a part of isocyanate groups is blocked with an active methylene-based blocking agent
2. The precursor of the blocked polyisocyanate is an aliphatic / alicyclic polyisocyanate; A two-component urethane composition according to claim 1.
3. The active methylene-based blocking agent is malonic diester; Or 2. A two-component urethane composition according to claim 1.
4. In addition, it contains a monoalcohol. , 2. Or 3. A two-component urethane composition according to claim 1.
5. A coating composition, , 2. 3. Or 4. A two-component urethane composition according to claim 1.
6. 4. Or 5. A method for curing a two-part urethane composition, comprising curing the two-part urethane composition described above at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.
7. 6. A substrate cured by the method described.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail focusing on its preferred embodiments.
Compounds having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group that can be used in the present invention will be specifically described below.
The functional group capable of reacting with an isocyanate group refers to active hydrogen, and specific examples include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a mercapto group, and a carboxyl group. The compound having two or more of these functional groups is a compound containing two or more of these functional groups per one molecule of a statistical number average, such as a low molecular weight polyol and a high molecular weight polyol.
[0008]
Examples of the low molecular weight polyol include trimethylolpropane, glycerin, pentaerythritol and the like.
The high-molecular-weight polyol is a polyol obtained by polymerizing a monomer, and includes, for example, an acrylic polyol, a polyester polyol, a polyether polyol, and an epoxy polyol.
Examples of the acrylic polyol include acrylates having active hydrogen such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, or acrylate monoesters of glycerin or methacrylic acid. Monoester, trimethylolpropane acrylate monoester is a single or mixture selected from the group of methacrylate monoester and methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, acrylic acid- Acrylates such as 2-ethylhexyl, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, -4 methacrylic acid Methacrylic acid esters having active hydrogen such as hydroxybutyl, or methacrylic acid such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate An essential component is a single or a mixture selected from the group of esters, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, unsaturated carboxylic acid such as itaconic acid, acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, unsaturated amide such as diacetone acrylamide, And glycidyl methacrylate, styrene, vinyltoluene, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, dibutyl fumarate, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ- (meth) acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane And acrylic polyols obtained by polymerization in the presence or absence of a single or a mixture selected from the group of other polymerizable monomers such as vinyl monomers having a hydrolyzable silyl group.
[0009]
As the polyester polyol, for example, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, alone or a mixture of dibasic acids selected from the group of carboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, polyester polyol obtained by a condensation reaction with a polyhydric alcohol alone or a mixture selected from the group such as glycerin and ε-caprolactone polyhydric alcohol And polycaprolactones obtained by ring-opening polymerization. These polyester polyols can be modified with aromatic diisocyanates, aliphatic and alicyclic diisocyanates, and polyisocyanates obtained therefrom. In this case, aliphatic and alicyclic diisocyanates and the polyisocyanates obtained therefrom are particularly preferred from the viewpoints of weather resistance, yellowing resistance and the like.
[0010]
As the polyether polyol, a polybasic hydroxy compound alone or as a mixture, for example, using a strongly basic catalyst such as a hydroxide such as lithium, sodium and potassium, an alcoholate, and an alkylamine, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene Oxide, cyclohexene oxide, polyether polyols obtained by adding an alkylene oxide alone or a mixture such as styrene oxide, and polyether polyols obtained by reacting an alkylene oxide with a polyfunctional compound such as ethylenediamine, and these So-called polymer polyols obtained by polymerizing acrylamide or the like using polyethers as a medium are included.
[0011]
As the polyvalent hydroxy compound,
(1) For example, dichryserin, ditrimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, etc.
(2) For example, sugar alcohol compounds such as erythritol, D-threitol, L-arabinitol, ribitol, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, galactitol, and rhamnitol
(3) For example, monosaccharides such as arabinose, ribose, xylose, glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, sorbose, rhamnose, fucose, and ribodeose;
(4) For example, disaccharides such as trehalose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, gentiobiose, lactose, and melibiose;
(5) Trisaccharides such as raffinose, gentianose and meletitose
(6) Parallax such as stachyose
and so on.
[0012]
The polyisocyanate used in the present invention is a compound having three or more isocyanate groups in a molecule. Polyisocyanates and diisocyanates such as lysine triisocyanate, glutamic acid triisocyanate, and 4-isocyanatomethyl-1,8-octamethylene diisocyanate can be obtained by oligomerizing the polyisocyanate.
As the diisocyanate used in this case, an aliphatic diisocyanate monomer having 4 to 30 carbon atoms and an alicyclic diisocyanate monomer having 8 to 30 carbon atoms are preferable. For example, tetramethylene-1,4-diisocyanate, pentane Methylene-1,5-diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) -cyclohexane, 4, 4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, norbornane diisocyanate and the like can be mentioned. Among them, hexamethylene diisocyanate (hereinafter referred to as HDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (hereinafter referred to as IPDI) are preferable from the viewpoint of weather resistance and industrial availability, and they may be used alone or in combination.
[0013]
A polyisocyanate is obtained from the diisocyanate monomer.
The polyisocyanate includes, for example, a biuret bond, a urea bond, an isocyanurate bond, a uretdione bond, a urethane bond, an allophanate bond, an oxadiazinetrione bond, and the like.
The polyisocyanate having a biuret bond is obtained by reacting a so-called biuretating agent such as water, t-butanol, urea and a diisocyanate monomer with a molar ratio of biuretizing agent / isocyanate group of diisocyanate monomer of about 1/2 to about 1/100. After that, the diisocyanate monomer is removed and purified. Regarding these techniques, for example, JP-A-53-106797, JP-A-55-11452, and JP-A-59-95259 are disclosed.
[0014]
The polyisocyanate having an isocyanurate bond is obtained by, for example, performing a cyclic trimerization reaction with a catalyst or the like, stopping the reaction when the conversion reaches about 5 to about 80% by mass, and removing and purifying the diisocyanate monomer. At this time, a monovalent to hexavalent alcohol compound can be used in combination. Regarding these techniques, for example, JP-A-55-38380, JP-A-57-78460, JP-A-57-47321, JP-A-61-111371, and JP-A-64-33115 JP-A-2-250872, JP-A-6-321969, and the like.
[0015]
The polyisocyanate composition having a urethane bond can be prepared, for example, by mixing a di- to hexa-valent alcohol compound such as trimethylolpropane and a diisocyanate monomer with a molar ratio of hydroxyl group of alcohol compound / isocyanate group of diisocyanate monomer of about 1/2 to about 1 After reacting at / 100, the diisocyanate monomer is removed and purified.
As a precursor polyisocyanate of an active methylene-blocked polyisocyanate, which is a polyisocyanate containing an isocyanurate bond using alcohol as an auxiliary material, a urethane-modified isocyanurate-type polyisocyanate is unlikely to crystallize as an active methylene-based block polyisocyanate, preferable.
[0016]
The diisocyanate in the polyisocyanate is removed by 1% by mass or less, preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass, by thin-film distillation or extraction. If it exceeds 1% by mass, the curability may be adversely affected.
The polyisocyanate thus obtained has an isocyanate group concentration of 5 to 25% by mass, a viscosity of 5 to 50,000 mPas / 25 ° C., and an average number of isocyanate groups (the number of isocyanate groups of one statistical number average molecule) of 3 or more, preferably Is 4.5 or more, more preferably 5 or more and 20 or less. If it is less than 3, the crosslinking property may be reduced, and the physical properties of the coating film may be poor. If it exceeds 20, as a result, the polyisocyanate will have a high viscosity, and the appearance of the coating film or the like tends to deteriorate.
[0017]
The active methylene-based blocking agent used in the active methylene-blocked polyisocyanate used in the present invention is a compound having one methylene group sandwiched between a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, a sulfonyl group, a nitro group, and the like. Specific examples thereof include, for example, dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, diisopropyl malonate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, isopropylacetoacetate, and acetylacetone, and two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. It is preferred to use malonic diesters.
[0018]
As the polyisocyanate which is a precursor of the active methylene-blocked polyisocyanate, the above-mentioned polyisocyanate can be used, and the average number of isocyanate groups is 3 or more, preferably 4.5, more preferably 5 or more. If it is less than 3, the curability may decrease.
A catalyst can be used for the reaction between the polyisocyanate and the active methylene-based blocking agent. Examples of the catalyst include metal alcoholates such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, and sodium phenolate. After blocking, the catalyst is treated with ethyl phosphate, diethyl phosphate, butyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl phosphate, It is preferable to neutralize with di-2-ethylhexyl phosphate or the like.
[0019]
Preferably, at least 50% by mass of the isocyanate groups of the precursor polyisocyanate are blocked by the malonic diester. More preferably, at least 75% by mass is blocked with malonic diester. The unblocked isocyanate group may be present, and the isocyanate group may be blocked with a blocking agent other than the active methylene-based blocking agent. The blocking agent in this case includes the following.
[0020]
(1) Methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-methyl- 1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-methoxyethanol, Alcohols such as 2-ethoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol
[0021]
(2) Alkylphenols; mono- and dialkylphenols having an alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms as a substituent, for example, n-propylphenol, i-propylphenol, n-butylphenol, sec-butylphenol, t-butylphenol , N-hexylphenol, 2-ethylhexylphenol, n-octylphenol, monoalkylphenols such as n-nonylphenol, di-n-propylphenol, diisopropylphenol, isopropylcresol, di-n-butylphenol, di-t-butylphenol, Dialkylphenols such as -sec-butylphenol, di-n-octylphenol, di-2-ethylhexylphenol and di-n-nonylphenol
[0022]
(3) Phenols; phenol, cresol, ethylphenol, styrenated phenol, hydroxybenzoate, etc.
(4) Mercaptans; butyl mercaptan, dodecyl mercaptan, etc.
(5) acid amides: acetanilide, acetate amide, ε-caprolactam, δ-valerolactam, γ-butyrolactam, etc.
(6) acid imides; succinimide, maleic imide, etc.
(7) imidazoles; imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, etc.
(8) Urea type: urea, thiourea, ethylene urea, etc.
[0023]
(9) Oxime type: formaldoxime, acetoaldoxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, cyclohexanone oxime, etc.
(10) amine type: diphenylamine, aniline, carbazole, di-n-propylamine, diisopropylamine, isopropylethylamine, etc.
(11) Imines: ethyleneimine, polyethyleneimine, etc.
(12) Pyrazole type: pyrazole, 3-methylpyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole and the like.
[0024]
The mixing ratio of the polyisocyanate and the active methylene-blocked polyisocyanate used in the present invention is such that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group / isocyanate group blocked by the active methylene-based blocking agent is 5/1 to 1/5, preferably 3/1 to 1/5. / 3. When the equivalent ratio is out of the range of 5/1 to 1/5, the drying property in short-time curing tends to be insufficient, the curing after baking hardly proceeds, and sufficient coating film physical properties cannot be obtained. There is.
The above compounding ratio is such that the equivalent ratio of the isocyanate group to the isocyanate group / reactive functional group and the isocyanate group in which the blocked isocyanate group is combined is 5/1 to 1/5, preferably 3/1 to 1/3, More preferably, it is 2/1 to 1/2. When the equivalent ratio is out of the range of 5/1 to 1/5, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient coating film crosslinking density.
[0025]
The two-part urethane composition of the present invention can include a compound having one active hydrogen in the molecule. The compound is the above-mentioned blocking agent. In particular, it is a compound having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or lower, preferably 180 ° C. or lower. As the active hydrogen species, a monoalcohol that is a hydroxyl group is preferable, and a branched monoalcohol is more preferable. The branched monoalcohol is effective for preventing crystallization when the active methylene block polyisocyanate crystallizes. Its concentration is at least 1.5 times, preferably at least 2 times, the moles of the isocyanate groups blocked with active methylene. If the molar ratio is less than 1.5 times, the viscosity of the coating composition may increase.
[0026]
Various solvents and additives can be added to the composition of the present invention depending on the situation. Examples of the solvent in this case include ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, and cellosolve acetate, alcohols such as butanol and isopropyl alcohol, toluene, xylene, and cyclohexane. , Mineral spirits, naphtha and other hydrocarbons and the like, depending on the purpose and application. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0027]
Further, if necessary, a curing accelerator such as tin, zinc, an organic metal compound such as a carboxylic acid such as lead, an antioxidant such as hindered phenol, an ultraviolet absorber such as benzotriazole or benzophenone, a pigment such as titanium oxide, Carbon black, indigo, quinacridone, pearl mica, etc., metal powder pigments such as aluminum, rheology control agents such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, urea compounds and the like may be added.
[0028]
The composition prepared in this way can be used as an adhesive or the like, but especially as a coating material such as a steel sheet, a metal sheet such as a surface-treated steel sheet, a plastic, a cement, a silica, by a roll coating, a curtain flow coating, a spray coating, and an electrodeposition coating. As a primer or top coat on inorganic materials such as calcium acid and gypsum, pre-coated metal including anti-corrosion steel plate, automotive parts such as bumpers, automotive coating etc. Furthermore, cosmetics such as cationic electrodeposition and anion electrodeposition It is useful as a paint for imparting weather resistance, acid resistance, rust prevention, chipping resistance and the like.
[0029]
The baking temperature is at least 60 ° C, preferably at least 70 ° C, more preferably at least 80 ° C. When the baking temperature is lower than 60 ° C., the curability of the active methylene-based blocked polyisocyanate becomes insufficient, so that excellent drying properties may not be obtained. On the other hand, in the present invention, excellent drying property and impact resistance can be exhibited even at a relatively low baking temperature of 90 ° C. or less. The baking time is set as needed according to the baking temperature.
[0030]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples. In addition, "part" represents "part by mass".
(Measurement of number average molecular weight)
The number average molecular weight is a number average molecular weight based on polystyrene measured by gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter referred to as GPC) using the following apparatus.
[0031]
(Unreacted monomer concentration)
The concentration of the peak of the molecular weight corresponding to the diisocyanate monomer (for example, 168 in the case of HDI) obtained by the GPC measurement was represented by the area%.
(Gel fraction)
After the cured coating film was immersed in acetone at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, the value of the mass of the undissolved portion with respect to the mass before immersion was calculated. X: less than 30%, Δ: 30% to less than 60% % Or more and less than 90% were represented by Δ △, and 90% or more by %.
(Storage stability)
After the coating solution was allowed to stand at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, the flow state of the coating liquid was observed, and the state of fluidity was indicated by “、”, and the state of no liquidity and solidified was indicated by “×”.
(Evaluation of impact resistance)
Evaluation was made at a coating film temperature of 25 ° C. using a DuPont type impact resistance tester having an impact center of 0.64 cm, a load of 500 g, and a height of 50 cm. When an abnormality was found in the coating film, it was evaluated as x, and when it was not, it was evaluated as ○.
[0032]
[Production Example 1] (Production of precursor polyisocyanate of active methylene block polyisocyanate used in Examples of the present invention)
The inside of the four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen blowing tube was set to a nitrogen atmosphere, 100 parts of HDI was charged, and the temperature in the reactor was maintained at 60 ° C. with stirring. Thereafter, a cyclic trimerization catalyst tetrabutylammonium capryate was added, and when the yield reached 23% by mass, phosphoric acid was added to stop the reaction. After filtering the reaction solution, the diisocyanate monomer was removed with a thin film still. The viscosity at 25 ° C. of the obtained polyisocyanate P-1 was 1,700 mPa · s, the isocyanate group concentration was 23.0% by mass, and the diisocyanate monomer concentration was 0.2% by mass. The number average molecular weight was 585, and the average number of isocyanate groups was 3.2.
[0033]
[Production Example 2] (Production of precursor polyisocyanate of active methylene block polyisocyanate used in Examples of the present invention)
The inside of the four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen blowing tube was set to a nitrogen atmosphere, and 100 parts of HDI and 3.3 parts of trimethylolpropane, a trihydric alcohol, were charged. Was kept at 80 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, the temperature of the reaction solution in the reactor was maintained at 60 ° C., and tetrabutylammonium capryate, a cyclic trimerization catalyst, was added. When the yield reached 45% by mass, phosphoric acid was added to stop the reaction. After filtering the reaction solution, the diisocyanate monomer was removed with a thin film still. The viscosity at 25 ° C. of the obtained polyisocyanate P-2 was 25,000 mPa · s, the isocyanate group concentration was 19.5% by mass, and the diisocyanate monomer concentration was 0.2% by mass. The number average molecular weight was 1,100 and the average number of isocyanate groups was 5.1.
[0034]
[Production Example 3] (Production of active methylene block polyisocyanate used in Examples of the present invention)
A four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen blowing pipe was set to a nitrogen atmosphere, and 100 parts of polyisocyanate P-1, 61 parts of diethyl malonate, 25 parts of ethyl acetoacetate, and 41 parts of xylene were charged. , 28 parts of a 28% sodium methylate solution was added at room temperature, and the mixture was kept at 60 ° C. with stirring for 6 hours. Thereafter, 76 parts of 1-butanol was added, and the mixture was kept under stirring at that temperature for 1 hour. Then, 0.8 parts of dibutyl phosphate was added. The obtained active methylene-blocked polyisocyanate B-2 had a resin content of 60% by mass and a blocked isocyanate group concentration of 7.6% by mass.
[0035]
[Production Example 4] (Production of active methylene block polyisocyanate used in Examples of the present invention)
A four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen blowing tube was set to a nitrogen atmosphere, and 100 parts of polyisocyanate P-2, 52 parts of diethyl malonate, 21 parts of ethyl acetoacetate, and 39 parts of xylene were charged. Then, 0.7 parts of a 28% sodium methylate solution was added at room temperature, and the mixture was kept at 60 ° C. with stirring for 6 hours. Thereafter, 71 parts of 1-butanol was added, and the mixture was kept under stirring at that temperature for 1 hour. Then, 0.8 parts of dibutyl phosphate was added. The obtained active methylene-blocked polyisocyanate B-1 had a resin content of 60% by mass and a blocked isocyanate group concentration of 6.9% by mass.
[0036]
Embodiment 1
100 parts of acrylic polyol (Acrydic A-801, trade name of Dainippon Ink, resin hydroxyl group at 100 mg KOH / g, resin content of 50%), 12 parts of polyisocyanate P-1, 12 parts of active methylene block polyisocyanate B-1 And a mixed solution of ethyl acetate / toluene / butyl acetate / xylene / propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (mass ratio = 30/30/20/15/5) was added as a thinner to obtain a two-liquid urethane coating composition. . The viscosity was adjusted to 20 seconds / 20 ° C. with a Ford cup # 4, and the coating was performed with an air spray gun to a dry film thickness of 50 micrometers. The curing was carried out under two conditions: a 70 ° C., 30-minute pass only, and a further 70 ° C., 30-minute additional standing at 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65 Rh% for 7 days. The gel fraction and impact resistance under these two conditions were measured. Table 1 shows the results.
[0037]
Examples 2 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 3
Except shown in Table 1, it carried out similarly to Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
[0038]
[Table 1]
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
The two-part urethane composition of the present invention, particularly the coating composition, has high drying properties, high impact resistance and coating storage stability. In particular, in the case of automobile repair or plastic coating unsuitable for curing at high temperatures, even under relatively low curing conditions of 90 ° C. or less, a coating film having good drying properties and impact resistance, which could not be achieved conventionally, is formed. be able to.
Claims (7)
1)イソシアネート基と反応しうる官能基を2個以上有する化合物
2)脂肪族・脂環族ポリイソシアネート
3)イソシアネート基の少なくとも1部が活性メチレン系ブロック剤で封鎖されたブロックポリイソシアネートA two-part urethane composition comprising the following 1) to 3) and having a diisocyanate monomer concentration of 1% by mass or less.
1) a compound having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with an isocyanate group 2) an aliphatic / alicyclic polyisocyanate 3) a blocked polyisocyanate in which at least a part of the isocyanate group is blocked with an active methylene-based blocking agent
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JP2007145988A (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-14 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Polyisocyanate composition and coating composition using the same as curing agent |
JP2007169520A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Polyisocyanate composition |
JP2008222773A (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-25 | Auto Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Polyurethane-based curable resin composition and coating material comprising the same |
JP2010013529A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-21 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Curable composition for soft feeling paint having high drying rate and improved in resistance |
JP2018048300A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-29 | Dicグラフィックス株式会社 | Two-component laminating adhesive composition |
JP2018197308A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-13 | Dicグラフィックス株式会社 | Two-component laminating adhesive composition and laminating film |
JP2020530062A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-10-15 | ビーエーエスエフ コーティングス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングBASF Coatings GmbH | A method of painting a base material with a two-component (2K) clear coat and a two-component (2K) clear coat with improved visual appearance. |
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2002
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2007145988A (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-14 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Polyisocyanate composition and coating composition using the same as curing agent |
JP2007169520A (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Polyisocyanate composition |
JP2008222773A (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-25 | Auto Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Polyurethane-based curable resin composition and coating material comprising the same |
JP2010013529A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-21 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | Curable composition for soft feeling paint having high drying rate and improved in resistance |
JP2018048300A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-29 | Dicグラフィックス株式会社 | Two-component laminating adhesive composition |
JP2018197308A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-13 | Dicグラフィックス株式会社 | Two-component laminating adhesive composition and laminating film |
JP2020530062A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-10-15 | ビーエーエスエフ コーティングス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングBASF Coatings GmbH | A method of painting a base material with a two-component (2K) clear coat and a two-component (2K) clear coat with improved visual appearance. |
JP7210547B2 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2023-01-23 | ビーエーエスエフ コーティングス ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Two-component (2K) clearcoat and method of coating a substrate with a two-component (2K) clearcoat with enhanced visual appearance |
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