JP2004160437A - Water purification method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a sufficient sterilizing and purifying effect even for a large amount of wastewater or seawater having a high flow rate.
An ozone injection pipe and a steam injection pipe are connected to a ballast pipe for discharging ballast water in a ballast tank of a ship outboard. Ozone is injected into the ballast water 2 flowing through the ballast pipe 1 from the ozone injection pipe 4, and steam is injected from the steam injection pipe 5 simultaneously with or before or after the ozone injection. Then, a large sterilizing and purifying effect can be obtained by the synergistic effect of ozone and steam.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【００４５】
表１からも明らかなように、蒸気のみでも、所期の水浄化効果が得られることが確認された。また、蒸気とオゾンとの併用により、極めて良好な水浄化効果が得られ、これに紫外線照射を加えることにより、水浄化効果をより向上させることができることも確認された。
【００４６】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明は、被処理水が存在する処理領域内に、蒸気を注入するようにしているので、被処理中に蒸気の気泡群が生成され、これらの気泡群は、被処理水により急冷されて崩壊する。そしてその際に発生する被平衡局所場の物理化学作用により、被処理水中の微生物等が死滅，不活性化するとともに、有害化学物質が分解されて水質が浄化される。
【００４７】
本発明はまた、蒸気の注入と同時または相前後してオゾンを注入するようにしているので、蒸気の気泡群の崩壊に伴なう衝撃波によってオゾンが微細化，活性化され、被処理水への溶解が促進されるとともに、オゾンがより酸化力の強いヒドロキシラジカルに変換され、オゾンによる有害物質や微生物等の殺菌，浄化効果の向上が図られる。
【００４８】
本発明はまた、蒸気の注入と同時または相前後して紫外線を照射するようにしているので、紫外線を単独で使用した場合よりも、その殺菌，浄化効果を向上させることができる。
【００４９】
本発明はまた、処理領域として、被処理水が送給される配管を用いるようにしているので、水タンク等の特別な処理設備を設けることなく、被処理水を浄化処理することができる。
【００５０】
本発明はまた、処理領域として、被処理水が一時滞留するタンクを用いるようにしているので、タンク等の処理設備が既にある場合には、この処理設備を利用して水浄化を効率的に行なうことができる。
【００５１】
本発明はまた、蒸気とオゾンとを用いる場合に、注入された蒸気にオゾンが巻き込まれるようにしているので、オゾンの微細化，活性化がより促進され、オゾンの殺菌，浄化効果をより向上させることができる。
【００５２】
本発明はまた、蒸気注入処理された被処理水に、紫外線を照射するようにしているので、死滅，不活性化した微生物に紫外線が照射されることになり、紫外線による殺菌，浄化を効率的に行なうことができる。
【００５３】
本発明はさらに、蒸気により微細気泡化されたオゾンガスを含有する被処理水に、紫外線を照射するようにしているので、紫外線による殺菌，浄化効果を、より向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る水浄化装置を示す構成図である。
【図２】図１の装置における水浄化のメカニズムを示す説明図である。
【図３】本発明の第２の実施の形態を示す説明図である。
【図４】本発明の第３の実施の形態を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１ バラスト配管
２ バラスト水
３ バラストポンプ
４ オゾン注入管
５ 蒸気注入管
６ 浄化水
１１，１９ オゾン
１２，２０，２２ 微生物等
１３ 蒸気
１４ 気泡
１５ 非平衡局所場
１６ 気相反応場
１７ 液相反応場
１８ 衝撃波
２１ ヒドロキシラジカル
２３ 有害化学物質
３１ 衝撃波発生領域
３２ オゾン微細気泡流
４１ 紫外線ランプ
４２ 紫外線[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water purification method and apparatus used for purifying water to be treated, such as ballast water for ships, circulating water for pools and baths, and more particularly, to the treatment of water to be treated in a feeding process. The present invention relates to a water purification method and an apparatus therefor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of purifying sewage in a large water tank by using coagulant, aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and ozone for a long time is widely known. Has been put to practical use, for example, in water purification plants and others.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It has been confirmed that the above-mentioned conventional water purification method can be expected to have a certain effect when applied to lakes or marshes or water purification plants having a very low flow velocity or a very low flow velocity. When applied to fast sterilization and purification of sewage and seawater, there is a problem that a sufficient sterilization and purification effect cannot be obtained.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and even when there is no flow or very low flow velocity, even in the case of large amounts of water to be treated with high flow velocity, it is possible to reliably perform purification treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification method and a device therefor.
[0005]
Another object of the present invention is to sterilize and purify harmful substances such as COD and microorganisms, bacteria, bacteria, and the like (hereinafter, simply referred to as microorganisms, etc.) in the water to be treated by ozone as compared with the case of using ozone alone. An object of the present invention is to improve the effect and reduce the amount of ozone used.
[0006]
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to improve the sterilizing and purifying effects as compared with the case where ultraviolet light is used alone.
[0007]
Another object of the present invention is to purify the water to be treated without providing a special treatment facility such as a water tank, so that the present invention can be easily applied to an existing plant or the like where there is not enough space. It is to be.
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to efficiently perform water purification using a treatment facility such as a tank when the treatment facility already exists.
[0009]
Another object of the present invention is to improve the sterilizing and purifying effects of ozone.
[0010]
Still another object of the present invention is to make it possible to further improve the sterilization and purification effects by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that steam is injected into a treatment area where water to be treated is present.
[0012]
By the way, when steam is injected into the treatment area, bubbles are generated in the water to be treated. These bubbles are rapidly cooled by the water to be treated and collapse. Then, the physicochemical action of the non-equilibrium local field generated at that time kills and inactivates microorganisms and the like in the water to be treated, decomposes harmful chemical substances, and purifies the water quality.
[0013]
The present invention is also characterized in that ozone is injected simultaneously with or before or after the injection of steam. Ozone is refined and activated by the shock wave accompanying the collapse of the bubble group, thereby dissolving the ozone in the water to be treated is promoted. At the same time, the ozone is converted into a hydroxyl radical having a stronger oxidizing power. The sterilization and purification effects of harmful substances and microorganisms are improved.
[0014]
The present invention is also characterized in that the ultraviolet ray is irradiated simultaneously with or before or after the injection of the steam. As a result, the sterilizing and purifying effects can be improved as compared with the case where ultraviolet light is used alone.
[0015]
The present invention is also characterized in that the treatment area is a pipe through which the water to be treated is fed. Thus, it is possible to purify the water to be treated without providing a special treatment facility such as a water tank.
[0016]
The present invention is also characterized in that the treatment area is a tank in which water to be treated temporarily stays. Thus, when there is already a treatment facility such as a tank, it is possible to efficiently perform water purification using the treatment facility.
[0017]
The present invention is also characterized in that when steam and ozone are used, ozone is involved in the injected steam. Thereby, the miniaturization and activation of ozone are further promoted, and the sterilizing and purifying effects of ozone can be further improved.
[0018]
The present invention is also characterized in that the water to be treated which has been subjected to the steam injection treatment is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. As a result, the dead and inactivated microorganisms are irradiated with ultraviolet light, and sterilization and purification by ultraviolet light can be performed efficiently.
[0019]
The present invention is further characterized in that the water to be treated containing ozone gas finely foamed by steam is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. This makes it possible to further improve the sterilizing and purifying effects of the ultraviolet rays.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a water purification apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes the discharge of ballast water 2 from a ballast tank (not shown) of a ship outboard. The ballast pipe 1 is provided with a ballast pump 3. An ozone injection pipe 4 for injecting ozone and a steam for injecting steam are provided at an upstream side of the ballast pump 3. The injection pipes 5 are respectively connected. The ballast water 2 from the ballast tank is sterilized and purified by the ozone and steam injected from each of the injection pipes 4 and 5 while being sent through the ballast pipe 1, and is discharged outboard as purified water 6. It is being discharged.
[0021]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
In purifying the ballast water 2, the ballast pump 3 is activated to discharge the ballast water 2 in the ballast tank outboard via the ballast pipe 1. At this time, ozone is injected from the ozone injection pipe 4 and steam is injected from the steam injection pipe 5 simultaneously with or before or after the ozone injection. Then, by the synergistic effect of ozone and steam, the decomposition of harmful substances and the sterilization and purification of microorganisms and the like are effectively performed, and the ballast water 2 flowing in the ballast pipe 1 is reliably purified. Then, the treated purified water 6 is discharged outboard.
[0022]
Hereinafter, the synergistic effect of ozone and steam will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
When ozone 11 is injected into the ballast water 2 from the ozone injection pipe 4, the cell membrane of microorganisms and the like in the ballast water 2 is attacked and damaged by the injected ozone. In the figure, reference numeral 12 indicates a damaged microorganism or the like.
[0023]
On the other hand, when the steam 13 is injected into the ballast water 2 from the steam injection pipe 5, the injected steam 13 expands in the ballast water 2, and bubbles are generated in the ballast water 2. In the drawing, reference numeral 14 indicates the generated bubbles.
[0024]
The bubble 14 is rapidly cooled by the ballast water 2 and collapses, and a non-equilibrium local field 15 including a gas phase reaction field 16 and a liquid phase reaction field 17 is generated. By the physicochemical action of the non-equilibrium local field 15, microorganisms and the like in the ballast water 2 are killed and inactivated, and harmful chemical substances are decomposed and water quality is purified.
[0025]
When the bubble 14 collapses, a shock wave 18 is generated. The shock wave 18 makes the ozone 11 finer and activated, and promotes dissolution in the ballast water 2. In the figure, reference numeral 19 indicates ozone whose dissolution has been promoted. Microorganisms and the like are physically destroyed by the shock wave 18. In the figure, reference numeral 20 indicates a physically destroyed microorganism or the like.
[0026]
In addition, the ozone 11 is converted by the shock wave 18 into a hydroxyl radical 21 having a stronger oxidizing power. The hydroxy radical 21 chemically kills microorganisms and decomposes harmful chemical substances. In the figure, reference numeral 22 indicates a chemically sterilized microorganism or the like, and in the figure, reference numeral 23 indicates a decomposed harmful chemical substance.
[0027]
As a result of the above overall operation, even the ballast water 2 having a high flow velocity is reliably purified within a short transport distance, and is discharged outboard as purified water 6.
[0028]
Thus, by using the ozone 11 and the steam 13 at the same time, it is possible to purify the ballast water 2 having a high flow velocity in a large amount. Therefore, the apparatus is completed only by connecting the ozone injection pipe 4 and the steam injection pipe 5 to the ballast pipe 1, and no special processing equipment is required. Further, since the amount of ozone used can be reduced, the size of the ozone generator can be reduced and the power consumption can be reduced.
[0029]
In addition, as for steam, since a boiler is usually installed as a main facility or ancillary equipment in a ship, it is not necessary to newly install a boiler by using steam from the boiler. For this reason, the cost can be significantly reduced in conjunction with the downsizing of the ozone generator.
[0030]
In the first embodiment, the case where the purified water 6 is obtained by using both steam and ozone has been described. However, as will be apparent from an example described later in detail, only purified steam is used. The desired water purification effect is obtained. Therefore, the purified water 6 may be obtained by injecting only steam into the ballast water 2.
[0031]
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which an ozone injection pipe 4 is arranged close to a steam injection pipe 5, and ozone 11 injected into the ballast water 2 from the ozone injection pipe 4. And steam 13 injected from the steam injection pipe 5 into the ballast water 2.
In other respects, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the operation is the same.
[0032]
When the steam 13 is injected from the steam injection pipe 5 into the ballast water 2, as the bubbles of the steam 13 collapse, the shock wave is generated downstream of the steam injection pipe 5 as shown in FIG. A region 31 will be formed. For this reason, if the ozone 11 injected into the ballast water 2 from the ozone injection pipe 4 is taken into the steam 13, the bubbles of the ozone 11 are also rapidly reduced by the shock wave accompanying the bubble collapse of the steam 13. Will be activated. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 32 indicates an ozone microbubble flow miniaturized by the shock wave.
[0033]
Thus, when the ozone 11 is miniaturized, the dissolution of the ozone 11 in the ballast water 2 is promoted, and the water purification effect of the ozone 11 can be improved.
[0034]
FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which an ultraviolet lamp 41 is provided in the ozone fine bubble stream 32 in the second embodiment, and steam 13 from the steam injection pipe 5 is provided. The ultraviolet rays 42 can be irradiated into the ozone microbubble flow 32 at the same time as or before or after the injection.
In other respects, the configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the operation is the same.
[0035]
Since the ballast water 2 is irradiated with the ultraviolet rays 42, the water purification effect can be further improved. Moreover, since the ultraviolet rays 42 are radiated into the ozone microbubble flow 32, the ultraviolet rays 42 are radiated to the microorganisms and the like damaged by the steam 13 and the ozone 11, and the water purification efficiency by the ultraviolet rays 42 is increased. Can be improved.
[0036]
In each of the above embodiments, the purification process of the ballast water 2 of the ship has been described as an example. However, the water treatment of water supply and sewage plants, the water treatment of pools and hot springs, factories and livestock facilities, It can be similarly applied to wastewater treatment, seawater purification treatment for fishery processing, treatment of circulating water in reservoirs and water tanks, or purification treatment of lakes and marshes, and similar effects can be expected.
[0037]
【Example】
(First embodiment)
The present inventors conducted an experiment for purifying ballast water 2 of a ship using the water purification apparatus shown in FIG.
The ozone injection rate was 0.05 mg / liter (0.05 mg of ozone was injected per liter of ballast water), and the steam injection rate was 0.12 g / liter (0.12 g of steam was injected per liter of ballast water).
[0038]
As a result, damage to marine organisms such as phytoplankton, shelled dinoflagellates, and zooplankton (influence on the biological status of organisms such as cessation of movement, flagella shedding, and pigment decolorization) appears, and sufficient purification treatment is possible. confirmed.
[0039]
As a comparative example, when an experiment for purifying ballast water 2 was performed using only ozone, the ozone injection rate required to obtain the same purifying effect as described above was 1 mg / liter. It was also confirmed that the amount used could be reduced to 1/20.
[0040]
(Second embodiment)
The present inventors also used the water purification apparatus shown in FIG. 3 to supply steam 13 having a steam pressure of 0.55 to 0.65 MPa and a temperature of 100 to 110 ° C. from the steam injection pipe 5 at an injection rate of 20 kg / h. An experiment was performed to inject the ballast water 2 into the ballast water 2 and confirm how much the shock wave generation region 31 was formed downstream of the ballast water 2.
[0041]
As a result, it was confirmed that a rugby ball-shaped shock wave generation region 31 having a diameter of 100 mm and a length of 200 mm was formed around the axis of the steam injection pipe 5 as a center line.
[0042]
(Third embodiment)
The present inventors also prepared 80 liters of seawater containing 20 individuals / cc of artemia, which is a kind of zooplankton, and put it in a tank to conduct the following four types of experiments.
(Experiment 1)
Only steam was injected into the tank under the same conditions as in the second embodiment.
(Experiment 2)
In addition to Experiment 1, ozone was injected at an injection rate of 0.7 g / h.
(Experiment 3)
In addition to Experiment 1, ultraviolet rays were irradiated using a 20-w ultraviolet lamp.
(Experiment 4)
In addition to Experiment 2, ultraviolet rays were irradiated using a 20-w ultraviolet lamp.
[0043]
When the above four types of experiments were performed and the treatment rates (dead and damaged) of Artemia were measured, the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.
[0044]
[Table 1]

[0045]
As is clear from Table 1, it was confirmed that the desired water purification effect was obtained only with steam. In addition, it was also confirmed that an extremely good water purification effect was obtained by using steam and ozone in combination, and that the water purification effect could be further improved by adding ultraviolet irradiation.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, steam is injected into the treatment area where the water to be treated is present, so that bubbles of steam are generated during the treatment, Collapsed by quenching with water. Microorganisms and the like in the water to be treated are killed and inactivated by the physicochemical action in the equilibrium local field generated at that time, and harmful chemical substances are decomposed and the water quality is purified.
[0047]
According to the present invention, ozone is injected at the same time as or before or after the injection of steam, so that the ozone is miniaturized and activated by the shock wave accompanying the collapse of the vapor bubbles, and the ozone is injected into the water to be treated. Is promoted, and ozone is converted into hydroxy radicals having stronger oxidizing power, thereby improving the sterilizing and purifying effects of ozone on harmful substances and microorganisms.
[0048]
According to the present invention, since the ultraviolet rays are irradiated simultaneously with or before or after the injection of the steam, the sterilizing and purifying effects thereof can be improved as compared with the case where the ultraviolet rays are used alone.
[0049]
In the present invention, since the pipe to which the water to be treated is supplied is used as the treatment area, the water to be treated can be purified without providing a special treatment facility such as a water tank.
[0050]
The present invention also uses a tank in which water to be treated temporarily stays as a treatment area, so if there is already a treatment facility such as a tank, water purification can be efficiently performed using this treatment facility. Can do it.
[0051]
Further, in the present invention, when steam and ozone are used, ozone is involved in the injected steam, so that the ozone can be miniaturized and activated, and the ozone sterilization and purification effects can be further improved. Can be done.
[0052]
In the present invention, since the water to be treated which has been subjected to the steam injection treatment is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the dead and inactivated microorganisms are irradiated with ultraviolet rays, so that sterilization and purification by ultraviolet rays can be efficiently performed. Can be performed.
[0053]
In the present invention, the water to be treated containing ozone gas microbubbled with steam is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, so that the sterilization and purification effects by ultraviolet rays can be further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a water purification device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism of water purification in the apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ballast piping 2 Ballast water 3 Ballast pump 4 Ozone injection pipe 5 Ozone injection pipe 6 Purified water 11, 19 Ozone 12, 20, 22 Microorganisms 13 Steam 14 Bubbles 15 Non-equilibrium local field 16 Gas phase reaction field 17 Liquid phase reaction field 18 Shock wave 21 Hydroxy radical 23 Harmful chemical substance 31 Shock wave generation area 32 Ozone fine bubble flow 41 Ultraviolet lamp 42 Ultraviolet light

Claims (11)

A water purification method, wherein steam is injected into a treatment area where water to be treated is present. 2. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the ozone is injected simultaneously with or before or after the injection of the steam. 3. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation is performed simultaneously with or before or after the injection of the steam. 4. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment area is a pipe through which the water to be treated is supplied. 4. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the treatment area is a tank in which water to be treated temporarily stays. A water purification apparatus, comprising: steam injection means for injecting steam into the water to be treated. 7. The water purifying apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising an ozone injecting means for injecting ozone into the water to be treated at the same time as or before or after the steam is injected. The water purifier according to claim 7, wherein the ozone injection means is arranged at a position where the injected ozone can be involved in the steam injected from the steam injection means. 9. The water purification apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising an ultraviolet irradiation means for irradiating the treated water with ultraviolet light at the same time as or before or after injection of steam. 10. The water purifying apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation means irradiates the treated water subjected to the steam injection treatment with ultraviolet rays. 10. The water purification apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation means irradiates the water to be treated containing ozone gas finely foamed with steam with ultraviolet light.

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