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JP2004141756A - Building breaking-up and recycling system - Google Patents

Building breaking-up and recycling system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004141756A
JP2004141756A JP2002308704A JP2002308704A JP2004141756A JP 2004141756 A JP2004141756 A JP 2004141756A JP 2002308704 A JP2002308704 A JP 2002308704A JP 2002308704 A JP2002308704 A JP 2002308704A JP 2004141756 A JP2004141756 A JP 2004141756A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
raw material
wood
building
crushed
recycling system
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Pending
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JP2002308704A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Keiji Ikutaka
生鷹 啓二
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MATSUYAMA KANKYO SERVICE KK
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MATSUYAMA KANKYO SERVICE KK
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Priority to JP2002308704A priority Critical patent/JP2004141756A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78Recycling of wood or furniture waste

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building breaking-up and recycling system which is high in recycling efficiency, easy to perform breakup, and large in comprehensive merits. <P>SOLUTION: In the building breaking-up and recycling system, necessary things are extracted from a building to be broken up, the building is broken up all together leaving all of soil, stone, and wood, broken-up materials are crushed to be 1 m or shorter in length with a grapple to prepare a coarse raw material, in this stage, materials other than the soil, stone, and wood are extracted to prepare a treatment raw material. the treatment raw material is transported to a treatment factory, crushed with a shredder, and sorted into a wood portion and a soil and stone portion with a wet sorting apparatus, both portions are crushed to be 40 mm or below in size in separate lines, nails are extracted from the crushed wood portion by a magnetic separator to obtain a fuel recycled product, and the crushed soil and stone portion including residual soil is made a crushed stone recycled product. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建築物の解体と、その解体物のリサイクル処理を共に効率良く行うことができ、解体工数を最小とし、かつリサイクル率を最大とすることができ、トータル的に最大メリットを有する建築物解体リサイクルシステムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、建築物の解体は、バケットやグラップルを取付けた建設重機を用いて行われている。一般には、例えば木造家屋において、家財を取り除いた後、屋根瓦を剥ぎ、解体し、木質類と、金属類、プラスチック類、土類、石(モルタル及びコンクリート)類とに分別し、各類毎に夫々の処理場へ分けて運び、夫々の類に応じた廃品処理を行っている。
【0003】
また、近年では、資源のリサイクル化が叫ばれ、土石類は砕石等として、木質類は燃料等として回収すべきことが推奨され、1部義務付けられている。
【0004】
解体作業は、基本的には建築物を破壊するだけで、極めて容易に実施できる。しかしながら、建築物の解体は、破壊した後に解体物を分別し、各処理設備へ運搬するまでの一連の工程を含むものであり、全体工数としては、相当多くの手間と労を必要としていた。因みに、現状の建築物の解体は、木質類と土石類とは解体現場で別々に分別され、別々のトラックで夫々の処理工場に運ばれている。また、木質類は、粗大物とクズとに分けられており、土石類は土類と石類とに分けられている。かく細分類されねば適切なリサイクルが困難である。従って建築物の解体では、各類への分別が大変であり、かつ各分別種毎に運送されねばならず、多くの手間と労を必要としていた。
【0005】
一方、従来、解体により発生した木質類を、長さ1〜3mの粗大物とそれ以外の木クズ類とに分別し、粗大物は、燃料とし、木クズ類は、木質分以外の雑破砕物が混入されているので、これを分離してから木クズ分のみを焼却可能物として取り出し、焼却炉等で焼却処理することが行われていた。
【0006】
特開2000−153175号公報(解体破砕物の分別回収装置)は、解体破砕物である木クズ類を、分別ドラム装置を用いて木質分と他の雑破砕物に分離回収する装置が示されている。分別ドラム装置は、ドラム軸心上に中心を有する円形入口と円形出口を両側に備えて下半部分に貯水可能の形状を有する。また、前記円形入口から投入された解体破砕物をドラム内周に沿って掬い上げる掬い羽根を内周に立設している。さらに、前記円形出口は前記円形入口より大なる口径を有すると共に、分別ドラム内への給水部と、該分別ドラムの貯水の上方空間に装着されて前記円形出口から突き出す排出コンベヤを備え、前記円形入口から投入した解体破砕物の木質分をドラム内水流に乗せてドラム外へ排出すると共に、前記雑破砕物を前記排出コンベヤによってドラム外へ排出する構造を特徴とする。
【0007】
具体的な工程としては、粗大物を抜き取った建設混合廃棄物をホッパへ投入し、手選別ラインで廃プラ・銅・アルミ・がれき類を回収する。残っている木クズ長尺物は、ベルトコンベヤの組み合わせにより自動的に排出する。それ以外の物は、2段式の振動ふるい機へかける。上段ふるいは直径20センチの円が複数パンチングしてあり、下段ふるいは5センチメッシュになっている。20センチオーバー物及び、20センチアンダー・5センチオーバー物は、湿式選別装置へ送り込む。5センチアンダー物は、さらに10センチメッシュのふるいにかけ、アンダー物を土砂として回収。オーバー物は、湿式選別装置で処理する。
【0008】
湿式の選別装置本体は円筒状で、内部に水を張ってあり、木材など軽量浮遊物はメッシュコンベヤに乗せ回収。沈降したコンクリートや瓦、石など重量物は水中よりパドルで掻き揚げて回収していく。選別システムで処理するのは、自社解体現場で発生した残渣のみ。現状は、30トン/日ペースで選別しているが、ふるい装置の能力を上げれば、100トン/日程度まで対応できるという。一方、可燃物対策としては自家処理用の小型焼却炉を備えている。ダイオキシン対策を完了している(2002年9月24日付、資源、循環新聞)。
【0009】
特願2000−153175号公報に示される分別回収装置によれば、分別ドラム装置により、5〜20cm、またはそれ以上の木クズを効率的に選別することができるが、燃料として資源リサイクルすることは困難である。何故ならば、長さ5cm以上の木クズは、大きさ不揃いで、かつ釘が含まれており、一般の燃料使用者に対し、燃料として販売することはできないからである。
【0010】
以上のように、従来よりの建築物の解体リサイクルシステムにあっては、解体時の分別処理、分別後の運搬が大変で、かつリサイクルが産業廃棄物の業者まかせであり、リサイクル率が低いという問題点があった。因みに、建築物が、木質100、土石質100、その他100(重量部)の割合いで構成されているとする場合、木質分は焼却されるので略ゼロ、土石中の石質部分については例えば80%、鉄やアルミ等その他の部分について60%とすれば、合計300中、回収分は140で、46.7%がリサイクルされていた計算である。
【0011】
【特許文献1】
特願2000−153175号公報、第1頁、図1
【0012】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上の通り、従来の建築物の解体にあっては、分別処理が大変で、分別種が多く運送作業も大変であった。また分別された廃品の多くは廃品業者に譲ねられ、リサイクル率が低かった。
【0013】
そこで本発明は、解体、特に分別及び運送を省力化し、かつ容易な設備でリサイクル率を一層高めることができる建築物の解体リサイクルシステムを提供することを目的とする。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決することのできる本発明の建築物解体リサイクルシステムは、建築物から所要のものを抜き出し、土石類及び木質類を全て残して一括解体し、解体物をグラップルで長くとも1m程度に破砕してこれを荒原料とし、この段階で土石類及び木質類以外のものを抜き出して処理原料とし、当該処理原料を処理工場へ運び、前記処理原料をシュレッダーで破砕し、次いで湿式分別装置で木質分と土石分とに分別し、両成分を夫々別のラインで40mm以下に粉砕し、木質分粉砕物から磁選機で釘を抽出して燃料リサイクル製品とし、土石分粉砕物は残土を含めて砕石リサイクル製品とすることを特徴とする。
【0015】
本発明では、荒原料から土石類及び木質類以外のものを抜き出して処理原料とし、これを処理工場へ運ぶので、解体作業を極めて合理的、効率的に行うことができる。即ち、解体及び運送は、土石類及び木質類を含めて一括して行えば良いので効率的である。また、分別は、土石類及び木質類を含めたものの中からプラスチック類、金属類を抜き出すのみで良い。プラスチック類及び金属類はリサイクル可能なものと産業廃棄物に分かれるが、残りは処理原料として1つのものにまとめられる。処理原料は、長くとも1m程度に破砕されているので処理工場への運送も通常ダンプカー等をそのまま使うことができ、容易である。
【0016】
一方、前記処理工場では、前記処理原料から微粉を取り除いて後、シュレッダーで破砕し、次いで湿式分別装置で木質分と土石分とに分別し、両成分を夫々別のラインへ送り、夫々40mm以下に粉砕する。ここで、微粉を取り除くのは、この微粉が湿式分別装置でヘドロ成分として作用するからである。微粉を取り除くことにより、大量の水を必要とすることなく、湿式分別装置を有効活用することができる。ここでの湿式分別装置としては、従来例で示した特開2000−153175号公報に記載の分別回収装置を用いることも可能である。この装置によらず、単なる水槽としても良い。単なる水槽とした場合、原料の投入、製品の搬出には、一般的なコンベヤやバケット付の建設重機をそのまま用いることもできる。原料投入は、シュレッダーから適宜コンベヤを介して水槽へ直接投入し、自動化することもできる。水槽からの搬出も自動化できる。このように、本発明は、汎用機器を用いて容易に構築することができる。
【0017】
40mm以下に粉砕された木質分は、磁選機で略100%釘を抜き取ることができる。40mm以下に大きさを揃えてあるので、燃料として利用し易く、浴場、木材発電設備、その他木材ボイラーを使用する燃料使用者に燃料として販売できる。
【0018】
湿式分別装置を水槽で構成する場合、原料投入、特に選別品の取出しには、バケット付の建設重機又はメッシュバケット付の建設重機を用いるのが効果的である。
【0019】
水槽から取り出した木質分は、40mm粉砕機で粉砕し、燃料リサイクル製品とする。同じく、水槽底部に沈澱した土石類は、RC40、RM25等の砕石リサイクル製品とすることができる。40mm粉砕機で粉砕すると、木質分は長さ40mmを最大値として繊維が細分化された形となるので、木材に打たれていた釘は、ほとんど外れる。木質分から外れた釘は磁選機で取り除くことができ、古鉄としてリサイクルできる。釘の残った木質分は、前記磁選機で磁選され、再度粉砕機に返すことができる。この繰り返しは、釘が木質分から外れるまで繰り返される。結局、釘は略100%磁選できる。そもそも、40mmという寸法は、比較的小さな釘を木質分から外すことのできる寸法でもある。
【0020】
回収された土石類は、処理原料中に含まれる残土と混合し、RC40、RM25等の砕石規格品としてリサイクルできる。
【0021】
回収された40mmの木質分は、安定した寸法とされているので炉への自動送り込みが可能であり、品質が安定しており、燃料として販売できる。自家用としても構わない。燃料としての販売先については、解体及び処理業者並びに燃料使用者間で資源有効友の会を作り、ネットワークを介して需給状態を知り、所要の所に所要の量の燃料を供給することができる。ダイオキシン対策処理を行った木材燃焼炉と、これで作動される自家用発電所又は売電可能なタービン発電所を設け、発電を行う。そのとき不足する燃料分を解体業者から購入する等のビジネスモデルを構築することも可能である。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を説明する。図1は、本発明の一実施の形態に係る建築物解体リサイクルシステムの概要を示すシステム構成図である。図2は、そのリサイクル処理部分の詳細を示す説明図である。
【0023】
図1において、矢印は、各工程の流れを示す。各工程はPi(i=1〜10)で示す。順次示すと、工程P1では、建築物(例えば木造家屋)1Aから木質類2及び土やコンクリート等の土石類3を除いて、家財等所要のものを抜き出す。所要のものとは、壊したくないもの、そのままリサイクルできる必要品等の意味であって、この時点で、配管類やプラスチック類が含まれるのは構わない。
【0024】
次に、工程P2では、グラップル付の建設重機4を用いて、所要のものを抜き出した建築物1Bを壊し、破砕する。図示の建設重機4は、バケット5にグラップル作動杆6を併設した特殊な建設重機の例を示している。
【0025】
特殊な建設重機4は、具体的には、登録実用新案第3022560号(可変格納式グラップル)に示されている。これは、バックフォーの既存バケット5の内側に、そのピン支持位置をバケット支持位置と同じ位置として、グラップル作動杆6を取付け、油圧作動にて、上記グラップル作動杆6とバケット5との間で解体すべき物体を挟み、或いはその力を大として挟んだ物を切断するようにしたものである。グラップル作動杆6はバケット5に向って左右一対設け、両グラップル作動杆6の開閉操作で物を挟み、或いは切断すること等もできる。破砕寸法は、長くとも1m程度とする。
【0026】
次に、工程P3では、破砕された荒原料7の中から、金属類8とプラスチック類9とを分別して抜き出し、木質類2と土石類3(土類3A及び石類3B)とを残し、初期処理原料12−1とする。
【0027】
工程P4では、通常ダンプカー等トラック11で、初期処理原料12−1を処理工場へ運ぶ。初期処理原料12−1には、木質類2と土石類3(3A、3B)が含まれ一括運送できる。工程P4〜P5において、荷は長くとも1mに破砕しているので、荷台10のカバーを極端に高くする必要は無い。
【0028】
トラック11が処理工場へ到着すると、初期処理原料12−1は、複数段のふるいVSにかけられる。40mm以上の寸法の木質類2はシュレッダー13へ、40mm以下の寸法の木質類である木クズ2−19と土石類3とは夫々分類されて最終工程へ直接製品として送られる。また、微粉DTは、廃棄処分される。この微粉DTは、水中に分散されると汚泥となる成分である。これにより後述する水槽中の水がヘドロ状となるのを防止できる。
【0029】
粒径40mm以上の木質類2及び石類3Bは、工程P6でシュレッダー13にかける。シュレッダー13での破砕寸法は、40〜100mm程度である。40〜100mmに破砕された処理原料を中間処理原料12−2と呼ぶ。工程P2の破砕寸法は、長くとも1m程度としている。従って、運送及びシュレッダー13での破砕作業を容易に行うことができる。
【0030】
工程P7、P8では、前記中間処理原料12−2を、例えば水15を張った60mの水槽16中に投入し、分別する。木質類2は浮き、土石類3(3A、3B)は沈む。
【0031】
そこで、次の工程P9、P10では、粉砕寸法を40mmとした一対の粉砕機17、18を用いて、燃料19、砕石20のリサイクル製品を作ることができる。
【0032】
図2に詳細に示すように、水槽16の前後には、中間処理原料12−2の山21と、建設重機14を配置するための台22とが設けられる。水槽16と山21との間には距離があるので、コンベヤ23を配置する。山21の上に通常のバックフォー24を配置し、これで中間処理原料12−2をコンベヤ23上に載せ、水槽16中へ投入している。シュレッダー13と水槽15との間をコンベヤで直接結ぶこともできる。この場合には、原料投入用の建設重機24を省略することができる。水槽16内に浮いた木質類2と沈んだ土石類3(3A、3B)は、メッシュバケット付の建設重機14で掬い上げ、夫々の工程P9、P10へ移行させる。コンベヤ23の下には粉塵化した土類3Cが溜る。
【0033】
工程P9において、粉砕機17には、振動ふるい25及び磁選機26が配置され、40mm以上の木質分及び磁選機で吸着された釘の付いた木質分は、再度粉砕機17に返され、最終40mm以下の燃料19と、釘27がリサイクルされる。
【0034】
一方、工程P10では、粉砕機18に振動ふるい28が配置され、40mm以上の石類は粉砕機18に返され、40mm以下の砕石20がリサイクルされる。砕石20には、工程P8で示した前記土類3Cを含めて販売用の砕石RM25、RC40とされる。実施例を示すと、次表1の通りである。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 2004141756
表1において、土石類の回収率が向上するのは、本発明では、土類まで含めて完全回収するからである。またその他の部分の回収率が向上するのは、本発明では釘まで含めて金属を完全回収するからである。表1に示すように、本発明では、木質分が100%回収され、燃料としてリサイクルされる。従って、リサイクル率が、比較例(従来)46.7%と比べ85%まで大幅に改善される。
【0036】
また、表1の備考欄で示すように、図2に示した工程との関係で荒原料を長くとも1m以下とし、一括解体を可能とするので、解体容易、分別容易、運送容易で、解体作業そのものを容易化することができる。総合メリットは多大なものである。
【0037】
燃料へのリサイクルについて付言すると、従来は、長尺の木質分、例えば柱や根太、桟木類は、多くの場合産業廃棄物として焼却処分されていた。また、木クズ類は、従来技術で示したように大型装置を用いて分別され、別途焼却処分されていた。燃料としての有効利用は、ほとんどされていない。
【0038】
これに対し、本発明では、木質分を全て燃料として有効利用するので、資源リサイクル率が格別高くなり、その分石油消費の低減を図ることができる。これにより節約できる石油量は全国レベルで考えると、多大な量である。
【0039】
燃料への有効利用を図るには、ダイオキシン対策を施したボイラを用い、温水を作る他、タービン発電機を回し、これにより、自家用又は売電用の電力を生成することができる。
【0040】
燃料利用に関しては、資源有効友の会を結成し、全国解体業者又は処理業者並びに燃料使用者間で、解体物による高品質の燃料を、需給よろしく有効活用できるネットワークを組むことができる。
【0041】
本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変形することができ、適宜態様で実施できる。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
以上の通り、本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載の通りの建築物リサイクルシステムであるので、全木質類を40mm以下に粉砕した釘の無い良質の燃料とすることができ、全木質分を燃料としてリサイクルすることができる。処理原料から微粉を取り除いて後湿式分別装置にかけるようにすれば、微粉が水に混じりヘドロ状となるのを防止することができ、湿式分別装置を有効活用することができる。
【0043】
また、木質及び土石質のみを主体とする処理原料を処理工場でリサイクル処理するので、効率良く、高品質のリサイクル製品を作ることができる。リサイクル率は、85%程度と格別高くすることができる。
【0044】
さらに、処理工場には、長くとも1m程度とした木質及び土石質の混合物から成る処理原料を送れば良いので、解体及び分別並びに運送作業が簡便で、解体作業そのものも効率良く容易となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態に係る建築物解体リサイクルシステムの概要を示すシステム構成図である。
【図2】リサイクル処理部分の詳細を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1A、1B 建築物
2 木質類
2−19 木クズ
3(3A、3B) 土石類
4、14 建設重機
5 バケット
5M メッシュバケット
6 グラップル作動杆
7 荒原料
8 金属類
9 プラスチック類
10 荷台
11 トラック
12−1 初期処理原料
12−2 中間処理原料
13 シュレッダー
15 水
16 水槽
17、18 粉砕機
19 燃料
20 砕石
21 処理原料の山
22 台
23 コンベヤ
24 バックフォー
25、28、VS 振動ふるい
26 磁選機
27 釘
Pi(i=1〜10) 工程
DT 微粉[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can efficiently perform both the demolition of a building and the recycling of the demolition, minimizing the number of demolition man-hours, and maximizing the recycling rate. It relates to a material dismantling recycling system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a building is dismantled using a heavy construction machine to which a bucket or a grapple is attached. In general, for example, in a wooden house, after removing household goods, the roof tiles are peeled off, dismantled, and separated from wood and metals, plastics, earth, and stone (mortar and concrete). And transports them to their respective treatment plants, and performs waste disposal according to each type.
[0003]
In recent years, recycling of resources has been called for, and it is recommended that stones and stones be recovered as crushed stones and woody materials should be recovered as fuels and the like.
[0004]
Demolition work can be performed very easily, basically only by destroying the building. However, the demolition of a building involves a series of steps from destruction to separation of the demolition material and transportation to each processing facility, requiring a great deal of labor and labor as a whole man-hour. Incidentally, in the demolition of the current building, wood and debris are separated separately at the demolition site and transported to the respective processing plants by separate trucks. In addition, woody materials are divided into coarse products and trash, and mudstones are divided into earth and stones. If it is not subdivided, it is difficult to properly recycle. Therefore, in the dismantling of buildings, it is difficult to separate them into various types, and they have to be transported for each separated type, which requires much labor and labor.
[0005]
On the other hand, conventionally, woody materials generated by demolition are separated into coarse products having a length of 1 to 3 m and other wood wastes. The bulky materials are used as fuel, and the wood wastes are miscellaneous crushes other than the woody materials. Since the material is mixed, it has been practiced to separate the material and then take out only the wood waste as an incinerator and incinerate it in an incinerator or the like.
[0006]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-153175 (an apparatus for separating and collecting dismantled and crushed materials) discloses an apparatus for separating and collecting wood scraps, which are dismantled and crushed materials, into wood and other miscellaneous crushed materials using a separation drum device. ing. The separation drum device has a circular inlet and a circular outlet centered on the drum axis on both sides, and has a shape capable of storing water in a lower half portion. Further, a scooping blade for scooping up the dismantled crushed material input from the circular inlet along the inner periphery of the drum is provided upright on the inner periphery. Further, the circular outlet has a larger diameter than the circular inlet, and has a water supply section into the separation drum, and a discharge conveyor attached to an upper space of the storage water of the separation drum and protruding from the circular outlet, It is characterized in that the wood material of the dismantled crushed material input from the inlet is put on the water flow in the drum and discharged outside the drum, and the miscellaneous crushed material is discharged outside the drum by the discharge conveyor.
[0007]
As a specific process, the construction mixed waste from which the bulky material has been extracted is put into a hopper, and the waste plastic, copper, aluminum, and debris are collected by a manual sorting line. The remaining long wood waste is automatically discharged by a combination of belt conveyors. Others are passed through a two-stage vibrating sieve. The upper sieve has a plurality of punched circles having a diameter of 20 cm, and the lower sieve has a mesh of 5 cm. 20 cm over and 20 cm under and 5 cm over are sent to a wet sorting apparatus. 5 cm under material is further sifted through a 10 cm mesh sieve to recover under material as earth and sand. Excess material is processed by a wet sorter.
[0008]
The body of the wet sorter is cylindrical, filled with water, and lightweight suspended matter such as wood is collected on a mesh conveyor. Heavy objects such as settled concrete, roof tiles and stones are collected from the water using a paddle. The sorting system processes only residues generated at the company's dismantling site. Currently, sorting is performed at a rate of 30 tons / day, but it is said that if the capacity of the sieving device is increased, it can handle up to about 100 tons / day. On the other hand, as measures against combustibles, a small incinerator for in-house treatment is provided. Dioxin countermeasures have been completed (September 24, 2002, Resources, Recycling Newspaper).
[0009]
According to the separation and collection device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-153175, tree scraps of 5 to 20 cm or more can be efficiently sorted by the separation drum device, but it is not possible to recycle resources as fuel. Have difficulty. This is because wood chips with a length of 5 cm or more are not uniform in size and include nails, and cannot be sold as fuel to ordinary fuel users.
[0010]
As mentioned above, in the conventional building dismantling and recycling system, sorting and dismantling during dismantling and transportation after sorting are difficult, and recycling is left to industrial waste suppliers, and the recycling rate is low. There was a problem. By the way, if the building is composed of wood 100, mudstone 100 and other 100 (parts by weight), the wood is incinerated, so that it is almost zero. %, And 60% for other parts such as iron and aluminum, out of a total of 300, the recovered amount was 140, and 46.7% was calculated as being recycled.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-153175, page 1, FIG.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the dismantling of the conventional building, the sorting process was difficult, and there were many sorting species, and the transport work was also difficult. In addition, many of the sorted waste items were transferred to waste dealers, and the recycling rate was low.
[0013]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a building dismantling and recycling system that can reduce the labor for dismantling, particularly sorting and transportation, and can further increase the recycling rate with easy facilities.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The building dismantling and recycling system of the present invention that can solve the above-mentioned problems extracts a required thing from the building, dismantles all at once, leaving all mud and stones, and dismantles the building to at most about 1 m with a grapple. Crush and use this as a raw material, at this stage extract materials other than debris and wood as processing material, carry the processing material to a processing plant, crush the processing material with a shredder, and then use a wet separation device Separate into wood and debris, pulverize both components to 40mm or less on separate lines, extract nails from the pulverized wood using a magnetic separator to produce fuel recycling products, and debris including debris Crushed stone recycled products.
[0015]
According to the present invention, since materials other than mud and stones are extracted from the rough raw materials and used as processing raw materials, and the raw materials are transported to the processing plant, the dismantling operation can be performed extremely rationally and efficiently. In other words, the dismantling and transportation are efficient because they may be performed collectively including debris and wood. Separation only needs to extract plastics and metals from things including earth and stones and wood. Plastics and metals are divided into recyclables and industrial wastes, while the rest are combined into one for processing. Since the raw material for processing is crushed to a length of about 1 m at the longest, it is easy to transport the raw material to a processing plant by using a dump truck or the like as it is.
[0016]
On the other hand, in the processing plant, after removing the fine powder from the processing raw material, crushed by a shredder, then separated into wood and debris by a wet type separation device, send both components to separate lines, each 40mm or less Crushed. Here, the reason why the fine powder is removed is that the fine powder acts as a sludge component in the wet separation device. By removing the fine powder, the wet separation device can be effectively used without requiring a large amount of water. As the wet type separation device here, it is also possible to use the separation and collection device described in JP-A-2000-153175 shown in the conventional example. Instead of this device, it may be a simple water tank. In the case of a simple water tank, a general conveyor or a heavy construction machine with a bucket can be used as it is for inputting raw materials and unloading products. Feeding of raw materials can also be automated by direct feeding from a shredder to a water tank via a suitable conveyor. The removal from the tank can also be automated. As described above, the present invention can be easily constructed using general-purpose devices.
[0017]
About 100% of the wood fraction pulverized to 40 mm or less can be extracted with a magnetic separator. Since the size is equal to or less than 40 mm, it can be easily used as fuel and can be sold as fuel to bath users, wood power generation facilities, and other fuel users who use wood boilers.
[0018]
When the wet type sorting apparatus is constituted by a water tank, it is effective to use a heavy construction machine with a bucket or a heavy construction machine with a mesh bucket for inputting raw materials, particularly for taking out sorted products.
[0019]
The wood fraction taken out of the water tank is pulverized by a 40 mm pulverizer to produce a fuel recycled product. Similarly, debris settled at the bottom of the water tank can be used as recycled crushed stone products such as RC40 and RM25. When pulverized with a 40 mm pulverizer, the woody material is in a form in which the fiber is fragmented with a maximum value of 40 mm in length, so that the nails hit by the wood are almost removed. The nails that fall off the wood can be removed with a magnetic separator and recycled as old iron. The wood remaining with the nails is magnetically separated by the magnetic separator and returned to the crusher again. This repetition is repeated until the nail comes off the wood. After all, nails can be almost 100% magnetically selected. In the first place, the size of 40 mm is also a size that allows a relatively small nail to be removed from the wood.
[0020]
The collected debris is mixed with the remaining soil contained in the processing raw material, and can be recycled as crushed stone standard products such as RC40 and RM25.
[0021]
The collected 40 mm woody material has a stable size, so it can be automatically fed into a furnace, has a stable quality, and can be sold as fuel. It may be used for private use. With regard to the sales destination as fuel, a disposable and processing company and a fuel user can form a meeting of resources effective friends, know the supply and demand status through the network, and supply the required amount of fuel to the required places. A wood-burning furnace that has been treated for dioxin countermeasures, and a private power plant or a turbine power plant that can be sold with the wood-burning furnace are installed to generate power. At that time, it is also possible to construct a business model such as purchasing a fuel shortage from a dismantling company.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an outline of a building demolition recycling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing details of the recycle processing part.
[0023]
In FIG. 1, arrows indicate the flow of each step. Each step is represented by Pi (i = 1 to 10). If shown sequentially, in process P1, required things, such as household goods, are extracted from the building (for example, wooden house) 1A except for the woody materials 2 and the earth and stones 3 such as soil and concrete. Necessary items mean items that are not to be destroyed and necessary items that can be recycled as they are, and at this time, piping and plastics may be included.
[0024]
Next, in the process P2, the building 1B from which a required thing is extracted is broken and crushed using the heavy construction machine 4 with a grapple. The illustrated heavy construction machine 4 is an example of a special construction heavy machine having a bucket 5 and a grapple operating rod 6 attached thereto.
[0025]
The special heavy construction machine 4 is specifically shown in Registered Utility Model No. 3022560 (variable retractable grapple). That is, the grapple operating rod 6 is attached to the inside of the existing bucket 5 of the back fork with the pin supporting position being the same position as the bucket supporting position, and the grapple operating rod 6 and the bucket 5 are hydraulically operated. The object to be dismantled is sandwiched, or the force is increased to cut the object. The grapple operating rods 6 are provided in a pair on the left and right sides toward the bucket 5, and the objects can be sandwiched or cut by opening and closing the two grapple operating rods 6. The crush size is at most about 1 m.
[0026]
Next, in the process P3, the metals 8 and the plastics 9 are separated and extracted from the crushed raw material 7, leaving the woody materials 2 and the mudstones 3 (the earths 3A and the stones 3B). This is referred to as an initial processing raw material 12-1.
[0027]
In the process P4, the truck 11 usually transports the initial processing raw material 12-1 to the processing plant using a truck 11 such as a dump truck. The initial processing raw material 12-1 includes woody materials 2 and debris 3 (3A, 3B) and can be transported in a lump. In the processes P4 to P5, the load is crushed to 1 m at the longest, so that the cover of the loading platform 10 does not need to be extremely high.
[0028]
When the truck 11 arrives at the processing plant, the initial processing raw material 12-1 is passed through a multi-stage sieve VS. The woody material 2 having a size of 40 mm or more is sent to the shredder 13, and the woody waste 2-19 and the debris 3 which are the woody material having a size of 40 mm or less are individually sent to the final step as a product. Further, the fine powder DT is disposed of. This fine powder DT is a component that becomes sludge when dispersed in water. This can prevent the water in the water tank described later from becoming sludge-like.
[0029]
Wood 2 and stones 3B having a particle size of 40 mm or more are subjected to shredder 13 in step P6. The crushing size in the shredder 13 is about 40 to 100 mm. The processing raw material crushed to 40 to 100 mm is referred to as an intermediate processing raw material 12-2. The crushing size in the process P2 is at most about 1 m. Therefore, the transportation and the crushing operation by the shredder 13 can be easily performed.
[0030]
In step P7, P8, the intermediate processing raw material 12-2 was poured into the water tank 16 of the 60 m 3 strung such as water 15, fractionated. Wood 2 floats and mud 3 (3A, 3B) sinks.
[0031]
Therefore, in the next steps P9 and P10, a recycled product of the fuel 19 and the crushed stone 20 can be produced using a pair of crushers 17 and 18 having a crushing size of 40 mm.
[0032]
As shown in detail in FIG. 2, before and after the water tank 16, a mountain 21 of the intermediate processing raw material 12-2 and a table 22 for arranging the heavy construction equipment 14 are provided. Since there is a distance between the water tank 16 and the mountain 21, the conveyor 23 is arranged. A normal back fort 24 is arranged on the mountain 21, and the intermediate processing raw material 12-2 is placed on the conveyor 23 by this, and is put into the water tank 16. The shredder 13 and the water tank 15 can be directly connected by a conveyor. In this case, the construction heavy equipment 24 for charging raw materials can be omitted. The woody materials 2 and the sunk debris 3 (3A, 3B) floating in the water tank 16 are scooped up by a heavy construction machine 14 having a mesh bucket, and the process is shifted to respective processes P9 and P10. Under the conveyor 23, dusted earth 3C accumulates.
[0033]
In the process P9, the vibrating sieve 25 and the magnetic separator 26 are disposed in the crusher 17, and the woody material of 40 mm or more and the woody material with the nail adsorbed by the magnetic separator are returned to the crusher 17 again. The fuel 19 of 40 mm or less and the nail 27 are recycled.
[0034]
On the other hand, in the process P10, the vibrating sieve 28 is disposed in the crusher 18, stones having a size of 40 mm or more are returned to the crusher 18, and crushed stones 20 having a size of 40 mm or less are recycled. The crushed stones 20 include the crushed stones RM25 and RC40 for sale including the earth 3C shown in the process P8. Examples are shown in Table 1 below.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004141756
In Table 1, the reason why the collection rate of earth and stones is improved is that, in the present invention, even the earths are completely collected. The reason why the recovery rate of the other parts is improved is that the metal is completely recovered including the nails in the present invention. As shown in Table 1, in the present invention, 100% of the wood is recovered and recycled as fuel. Therefore, the recycling rate is greatly improved up to 85% as compared with the comparative example (conventional) of 46.7%.
[0036]
In addition, as shown in the remarks column of Table 1, the raw material is reduced to 1 m or less at most in relation to the process shown in FIG. 2 and batch dismantling is possible, so dismantling is easy, separation is easy, transportation is easy, and dismantling is easy. The work itself can be facilitated. The overall benefits are enormous.
[0037]
To add to the recycling of fuel, conventionally, long woody components, such as pillars, joists, and piers, have often been incinerated as industrial waste. In addition, wood scraps were separated using a large-sized apparatus as shown in the prior art, and were separately incinerated. It has hardly been used effectively as fuel.
[0038]
On the other hand, in the present invention, since all of the wood is effectively used as fuel, the resource recycling rate is particularly high, and the oil consumption can be reduced accordingly. The amount of oil that can be saved by this is a huge amount at the national level.
[0039]
In order to effectively use the fuel, a boiler provided with a dioxin countermeasure is used to generate hot water, and also to turn a turbine generator, thereby generating electric power for private use or power sale.
[0040]
In terms of fuel utilization, we can form a network that enables the effective use of high-quality fuel from dismantled fuels, in accordance with supply and demand, by establishing a Resource Effective Friendship Association and dismantling or treating companies and fuel users nationwide.
[0041]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist of the present invention, and can be implemented in an appropriate mode.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the present invention is a building recycling system as described in the claims, it is possible to use a high-quality fuel without nails, which is obtained by pulverizing all woody materials to 40 mm or less, and reducing the total woody content. Can be recycled as fuel. If the fine powder is removed from the raw material to be processed and then applied to the post-wet separation device, the fine powder can be prevented from being mixed with water to form a sludge, and the wet separation device can be effectively used.
[0043]
In addition, since the processing raw material mainly composed of only wood and clay is recycled at the processing plant, it is possible to efficiently produce high-quality recycled products. The recycling rate can be particularly high at about 85%.
[0044]
Furthermore, since it is only necessary to send a processing raw material composed of a mixture of woody and earthen stones of about 1 m at the longest to the processing plant, the dismantling, sorting and transporting operations are simple, and the dismantling operation itself is efficiently and easily performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an outline of a building demolition recycling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing details of a recycle processing part.
[Explanation of symbols]
1A, 1B Building 2 Wood 2-19 Wood scrap 3 (3A, 3B) Debris 4, 14 Heavy construction equipment 5 Bucket 5M Mesh bucket 6 Grapple operating rod 7 Raw material 8 Metals 9 Plastics 10 Loading platform 11 Truck 12- DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Initial processing raw material 12-2 Intermediate processing raw material 13 Shredder 15 Water 16 Water tank 17, 18 Crusher 19 Fuel 20 Crushed stone 21 Processing raw material pile 22 Stand 23 Conveyor 24 Back for 25, 28, VS Vibrating sieve 26 Magnetic separator 27 Nail Pi (I = 1 to 10) Process DT fine powder

Claims (5)

建築物から所要のものを抜き出し、土石類及び木質類を全て残して一括解体し、解体物をグラップルで長くとも1m程度に破砕してこれを荒原料とし、この段階で土石類及び木質類以外のものを抜き出して処理原料とし、当該処理原料を処理工場へ運び、前記処理原料をシュレッダーで破砕し、次いで湿式分別装置で木質分と土石分とに分別し、両成分を夫々別のラインで40mm以下に粉砕し、木質分粉砕物から磁選機で釘を抽出して燃料リサイクル製品とし、土石分粉砕物は残土を含めて砕石リサイクル製品とすることを特徴とする建築物解体リサイクルシステム。Extract the required materials from the building, dismantle them all at once, leaving all the earth and stones and woody materials, crush the dismantled materials with a grapple to a length of about 1 m at the longest, and use this as raw material, at this stage other than earth and stones and woody materials The raw material is taken out as a processing raw material, the processing raw material is carried to a processing plant, the processing raw material is crushed by a shredder, and then separated into wood and debris by a wet separation device, and both components are separated on separate lines. A building dismantling and recycling system characterized in that a pulverized material is pulverized to a size of 40 mm or less, a nail is extracted from a pulverized wood material by a magnetic separator to produce a fuel recycle product, and a pulverized debris material is a reclaimed stone product including remaining soil. 前記処理原料は、微粉が取り除かれて後シュレッダーにかけられるとこを特徴とする請求項1記載の建築物解体リサイクルシステム。The building dismantling recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the processing raw material is subjected to shredder after removing fine powder. 前記木質分を40mm以下とするラインは、粉砕機及びコンベヤ並びに40mmふるいを有し、当該コンベヤ上には前記磁選機が配置されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の建築物解体リサイクルシステム。The building demolition recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the line having a wood content of 40 mm or less has a crusher, a conveyor, and a 40 mm sieve, and the magnetic separator is arranged on the conveyor. 前記湿式分別装置は、水槽と、これに原料を投入するためのコンベヤと、水中から分別品を回収するためのメッシュバケット付の建設重機とを有して構成されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の建築物解体リサイクルシステム。The wet-type separation device, comprising: a water tank, a conveyor for charging raw materials into the water tank, and a construction heavy machine with a mesh bucket for collecting separated products from water. 1. The building demolition recycling system according to 1. 請求項1に記載のシステム利用解体業者及び処理業者は、資源有効友の会のネットワークで結ばれ、資源のさらなる有効利用が追及されることを特徴とする建築物解体リサイクルシステム。2. The building dismantling recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the dismantling contractor and the processing contractor are connected by a network of resources effective friend associations, and further effective use of resources is pursued.
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JP2008080329A (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-04-10 Yamazaki Jari Shoten:Kk Material recovery system and material recovery method
JP2014000567A (en) * 2012-05-25 2014-01-09 Onumagumi Co Ltd Trash processing device
CN113600591A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-11-05 上海嘉春装饰设计工程有限公司 Method for treating building decoration waste

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006000789A (en) * 2004-06-18 2006-01-05 Nippon Steel Corp Construction mixed waste sorting method and equipment
JP2006000780A (en) * 2004-06-18 2006-01-05 Nippon Steel Corp Construction mixed waste sorting equipment
JP2008080329A (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-04-10 Yamazaki Jari Shoten:Kk Material recovery system and material recovery method
JP2014000567A (en) * 2012-05-25 2014-01-09 Onumagumi Co Ltd Trash processing device
CN113600591A (en) * 2021-07-14 2021-11-05 上海嘉春装饰设计工程有限公司 Method for treating building decoration waste

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