JP2004123796A - Film adhesive and semiconductor device using the same - Google Patents
Film adhesive and semiconductor device using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【課題】接着剤による半導体チップと回路基板との電気的接続において、接続時の排除性が良好で、接続荷重が小さくチップ割れを防止できると共に接続信頼性に優れたフィルム状接着剤及びこれを用いた半導体装置を提供する。
【解決手段】50〜250℃のいずれかの温度で粘度が200Pa・s以下に達し、硬化物の25℃〜260℃における平均線膨張係数が200ppm/℃以下であるフィルム状接着剤。
【選択図】 図6A film-like adhesive having excellent rejection during connection, small connection load, preventing chip breakage, and excellent connection reliability in an electrical connection between a semiconductor chip and a circuit board using an adhesive. Provided is a semiconductor device using the same.
A film adhesive whose viscosity reaches 200 Pa · s or less at any temperature of 50 to 250 ° C. and whose cured product has an average linear expansion coefficient of 200 ppm / ° C. or less at 25 ° C. to 260 ° C.
[Selection] Fig. 6
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、半導体チップと回路基板との接続において、加熱圧接によって相対峙する電極を電気的に接続するフィルム状接着剤及びこれを用いた半導体装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
半導体チップを回路基板に固定し電気的に接続するために、熱硬化性の接着剤が用いられる(例えば、特許文献1参照)。この接着剤は、フィルム状あるいはペースト状の接着剤であり、あらかじめ半導体チップ側あるいは回路基板側に均一に配置することが容易で接続時間を短縮できる点からフィルム状接着剤の方が生産効率に優れる。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特許第3073532号
【特許文献2】
特許第2842051号
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
フリップチップ実装のように半導体チップの電極と回路基板の電極が相対峙する実装方法においてフィルム状の接着剤を使用する場合は、あらかじめ半導体チップあるいは回路基板側に接着剤を予め配置するために接着剤により電極表面が覆われてしまう。そのため、電極の表面から接着剤を排除し電極同士を電気的に接続するためには、接着剤を加熱して電極同士を強く押し合わせる必要がある。この接続は高荷重(およそ、1MPa/chip)で行われている。
【0005】
近年、半導体チップのピン数は増加し、チップ厚みは減少する傾向にあり、半導体チップ一個当りに必要な接続荷重は増加している。一方、チップ厚みの薄肉化に伴い接続時の破損を防ぐために接続荷重の高圧化には限度がある。また、半導体チップ側の電極と回路基板側の電極を合金化により直接接続する共晶接続や半田接続の場合には、電極間に不純物が存在すると十分な導通特性が得られないため、接続時に電極間から接着剤を完全に排除する必要がある。
【0006】
従って、半導体チップと回路基板を接続する接着剤には、接続時に粘度が十分低下する必要がある。また、排除性が良好であれば荷重を低圧化できるだけでなく、接続に要する時間を短縮したり温度を低温化することもできるため、半導体装置の製造にかかるコストを引き下げることができる。
【0007】
一般的に、フィルム状の接着剤を作製するためには、重量平均分子量が10,000以上の熱可塑性樹脂を配合している(例えば、特許文献2参照)。しかし、高分子量の樹脂を配合することによって加熱溶融時の粘度が十分低下せず、接続時の排除性が低下するため良好な接続信頼性が得られない。また、絶縁性無機フィラーを含まない樹脂成分のみの組成物では、溶融時の粘度が比較的低いが、硬化後の線膨張係数が半導体チップや回路基板に比べ大きく(300〜500ppm/℃)耐熱性に劣るため、信頼性試験である吸湿リフロー性試験や冷熱サイクル試験等において半導体チップと回路基板間の電気的な接続を維持することができず,長期の接続信頼性に劣る。
本発明は、接着剤による半導体チップと回路基板との電気的接続において、接続時の排除性が良好で、接続荷重が小さくチップ割れを防止できると共に接続信頼性に優れたフィルム状接着剤及びこれを用いた半導体装置を提供する。
【0008】
【発明を解決するための手段】
本発明は、[1]50〜250℃のいずれかの温度で粘度が200Pa・s以下に達し、硬化物の25℃〜260℃における平均線膨張係数が200ppm/℃以下であるフィルム状接着剤である。
これは、常温においてはフィルム状であって取り扱いが容易であり、加熱溶融時にペースト状の低粘度物となり十分な排除性あるいは回路充填性を有し、硬化後の線膨張係数が小さく耐熱性に優れるフィルム状接着剤を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、[2]下記(a)〜(d)を必須成分とする上記[1]に記載のフィルム状接着剤である。
(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下で、常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂、(d)硬化剤。
上記の発明は、上記[1]に記載の発明に加えて、汎用性の高い有機・無機材料からなるフィルム状接着剤を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、[3](b)絶縁性無機フィラーの充填量が40〜80重量%である上記[1]または上記[2]に記載のフィルム状接着剤である。
上記[3]に記載の発明は、上記[1]または上記[2]に記載の発明に加えて、適当な可とう性を有するフィルム状接着剤を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、[4]揮発分が10重量%以下である上記[1]ないし上記[3]のいずれかに記載のフィルム状接着剤である。
上記[4]記載の発明は、上記[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の発明に加えて、硬化時のボイド発生が少ないフィルム状接着剤を提供するものである。
また、本発明は、[5]50〜250℃のいずれかの温度で粘度が200Pa・s以下である時間が30秒間以上である上記[1]ないし上記[4]のいずれかに記載のフィルム状接着剤である。
上記[5]に記載の発明は、上記[1]〜[5]のいずれかに記載の発明に加えて、接続前にボイドの原因となる揮発分を低減することができ、また一つの基板に同時に多数のチップを接続できるフィルム状接着剤を提供するものである。また、本発明は、[6]上記[1]ないし上記[5]のいずれかに記載のフィルム状接着剤を用いて作製した半導体装置である。
上記[6]記載の発明は、従来よりも、低圧、短時間、低温での作製が可能であり、接続信頼性に優れる半導体装置を提供するものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のフィルム状接着剤は、(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂、(d)硬化剤を必須成分とすることが好ましい。
【0010】
本発明において使用する(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下で、常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂としては、例えば、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリカルボジイミド樹脂、フェノール樹脂、シアネートエステル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、アクリルゴム等が挙げられ、その中でも、熱硬化性で耐熱性に優れるエポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、シアネートエステル樹脂、ポリカルボジイミド樹脂等が好ましく、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂がより好ましい。これらは単独または2種以上の混合体として使用することもできる。
【0011】
本発明において使用する(b)絶縁性無機フィラーとしては、例えば、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、マイカ等が挙げられ、その中でも、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化チタン等が好ましく、シリカ、アルミナがより好ましい。これらは単独または2種以上の混合体として使用することもできる。また、絶縁性無機フィラーの形状は増粘の影響が少ない球状のものが好ましい。同種の絶縁性無機フィラーを同重量部配合した場合、粒径の大きいもの程溶融時の粘度が低くなるが、本発明のフィルム状接着剤をフリップチップ実装用のフィルム状アンダーフィル材として使用する場合、絶縁性無機フィラーが電極に捕捉され電極間の電気的な導通を阻害するのを防ぐため、粒径は10μm以下であることが好ましい。
【0012】
本発明において使用する(c)エポキシ樹脂としては、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、o−クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビフェニル型エポキシ樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ樹脂、ナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂など、各種の多官能エポキシ樹脂化合物が挙げられる。これらは単独または2種以上の混合体として使用することもできる。また、エポキシ樹脂は、25℃において液状、固形のいずれでも使用することができる。
【0013】
本発明において使用する(d)硬化剤としては、イミダゾール類、多価フェノール類、酸無水物類、アミン類、ヒドラジド類、ポリメルカプタン等が挙げられ、その中でも、保存安定性と硬化物の耐熱性に優れるイミダゾール類、多価フェノール類、酸無水物等が好ましく、イミダゾール類、多価フェノール類がより好ましい。これらは単独または2種以上の混合体として使用することもできる。また、接着剤の粘度が十分低下するまで硬化が開始しない程度のゲル化時間を有することが好ましい。硬化剤がイミダゾール類の場合、十分な可使時間とゲル化時間を有するものとして例えば、2P4MHZ、2PHZ、2MA−OK(四国化成工業株式会社製商品名)等が挙げられる。また、これらの硬化剤をポリウレタン系、ポリエステル系の高分子物質等で被覆してマイクロカプセル化したものは、可使時間が延長されるために好ましい。
【0014】
本発明における(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂の配合量は、(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂の総量100重量部に対して、5〜80重量部とすることが好ましく、10〜60重量部とすることがより好ましく、20〜50重量部とすることが特に好ましい。この配合量が、5重量部未満では、フィルム形成が困難となる傾向があり、80重量部を超えると、硬化後の線膨張係数が大きくなる傾向がある。
【0015】
本発明における(b)絶縁性無機フィラーの配合量は、(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂の総量100重量部に対して、10〜90重量部とすることが好ましく、30〜85重量部とすることがより好ましく、40〜80重量部とすることが特に好ましい。この配合量が、10重量部未満では、硬化後の線膨張係数が大きくなる傾向があり、90重量部を超えると、溶融時の粘度が上昇する傾向があり、またフィルムの可とう性が低下し脆くなる傾向がある。
【0016】
本発明における(c)エポキシ樹脂の配合量は、(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂の総量100重量部に対して、5〜60重量部とすることが好ましく、10〜60重量部とすることがより好ましく、20〜60重量部とすることが特に好ましい。この配合量が、20重量部未満では、硬化物の耐熱性が低下する傾向があり、60重量部を超えると、硬化物の線膨張係数が大きくなる傾向がある。なお、(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂がエポキシ樹脂の場合は、(c)エポキシ樹脂に含める。
【0017】
本発明における(d)硬化剤の配合量は、硬化剤の種類により異なるが、硬化剤がイミダゾール類の場合には、(c)エポキシ樹脂100重量部に対して、0.01〜50重量部とすることが好ましく、0.1〜20重量部とすることがより好ましく、1〜10重量部とすることが特に好ましい。この配合量が、0.01重量部未満では、半導体チップと回路基板の一般的な接続条件において硬化不足となる傾向があり、50重量部を超えると、接着剤の硬化物物性を低下させる傾向がある。
【0018】
本発明のフィルム状接着剤には、上記必須成分以外に、シラン系またはチタン系のカップリング剤を使用することができる。この使用量としては、(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂の総量100重量に対して、0.1〜10重量部とすることが好ましい。
【0019】
また、フィルム状接着剤に可とう性あるいは粘着性を付与する等の目的で液状の樹脂を使用することができる。この使用量としては(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、(c)エポキシ樹脂の総量100重量部に対して、5〜50重量部とすることが好ましい。また、本発明のフィルム状接着剤には、導電性粒子を使用することができ,この使用量としては、0.1〜10体積%である。
【0020】
また、フィルム状接着剤のフィルム形成性を向上させたり耐熱性を付与する等の目的で、粘度低下を妨げない程度の量の分子量10,000以上の樹脂を配合することができる。
【0021】
以上、説明した本発明のフィルム状接着剤は、例えば図1〜3に示すように、半導体チップを回路基板に固定し電気的に接続するフィルム状のアンダーフィル材またはダイボンド材等として使用することができ、特にフリップチップ実装の短時間接続が可能な超音波接合等において有効である。これらは、図4に示すように一つの回路基板に同時に多数の半導体チップを接続することができる。また、図5に示すようにトランスファー成形が不要なシート状の半導体用封止材等として、あるいはウエハレベルCSPパッケージの保護膜、応力緩和層等として用いることもできる。
【0022】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
(実施例1)
重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂として分子量が1,600のビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(ジャパンエポキシレジン株式会社製:EP1004)100重量部とシランカップリング剤(東レ・ダウコーニング・シリコーン株式会社製:SH6040)3重量部をメチルエチルケトンに溶解し、得られた樹脂ワニス中に平均粒径2μmの球状シリカ(三菱レイヨン株式会社製:QS2)を150重量部添加し、30分混練した。これに硬化剤としてイミダゾール(四国化成工業株式会社製:2P4MHZ)を5重量部添加し、均一に攪拌した後、減圧脱泡して接着剤ワニスを得た。この接着剤ワニスを離型処理された50μm厚のPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)フィルム上に塗工し、70℃にて10分間乾燥してメチルエチルケトンを除去し、50μm厚のフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0023】
(実施例2)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂(ジャパンエポキシレジン株式会社製:EP828)20重量部と分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂80重量部に置き換えた以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0024】
(実施例3)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂20重量部と分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂60重量部とo−クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(住友化学工業株式会社製:ESCN195XL)20重量部に置き換えた以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0025】
(実施例4)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量8,100のアクリル樹脂(ジョンソンポリマー株式会社製:JC611)70重量部と分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂30重量部に置き換えた以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0026】
(実施例5)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量が2,900のビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(ジャパンエポキシレジン株式会社製:EP1007)20重量部と分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂20重量部と分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂60重量部に置き換え、球状シリカを70重量部とした以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0027】
(実施例6)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂60重量部と分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂40重量部に置き換え、球状シリカを300重郎部とした以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0028】
(比較例1)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂70重量部と分子量約50,000のフェノキシ樹脂(ユニオンカーバイド株式会社製:PKHC)30重量部に置き換えた以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0029】
(比較例2)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂60重量部と分子量約50,000のフェノキシ樹脂40重量部に置き換えた以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0030】
(比較例3)
分子量が1,600のエポキシ樹脂を分子量390の液状エポキシ樹脂70重量部と分子量約70,000のポリビニルアセタール樹脂(電気化学工業株式会社製:PVB−3000K)30重量部に置き換えた以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0031】
(比較例4)
球状シリカの配合量を50重量部とした以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0032】
(比較例5)
球状シリカの配合量を500重量部とした以外は、実施例1と全て同じ条件で行いフィルム状接着剤を作製した。
【0033】
実施例及び比較例において、特性の評価は以下の方法により行い、その結果を接着剤の配合組成と共に表1に示した。
(フィルム形成性)
70℃にて10分間乾燥する際に接着剤ワニスが流動することなくフィルム状の接着剤が形成され、また90°曲げに対してクラックが発生しないことを観察した。乾燥中に流動することなく、曲げに対してクラックが発生しないものを「○」とし、流動またはクラックが発生するものを「×」として評価した。
(溶融粘度測定)
ずり粘弾性測定装置(レオメトリック・サイエンティフィック・エフ・イー株式会社製)を用い直径7.9mmの平行板を使用して、サンプル厚み0.5から1.0mmで周波数10Hzにおいて150℃に設定した時のせん断粘度を測定した。また、このとき粘度が200Pa・s以下である時間を測定した。
(平均線膨張係数測定)
作製したフィルム状接着剤を200℃にて1時間硬化し、TMA測定装置(セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社製)を用いて昇温速度5℃/分で25〜260℃における平均線膨張係数を測定した。
(接続性)
回路基板(ガラスエポキシ基板、サイズ25mm角、厚さ0.8mm、電極高さ20μm)にフィルム状接着剤を仮付けし、半導体チップ(サイズ10mm角、厚さ0.55mm、バンプ高さ30μm、バンプ数184個、保護膜窒化珪素)を位置合わせして、フリップチップボンディング装置(ミスズFA株式会社製)で接続を行った。
(冷熱サイクル試験)
フィルム状接着剤を用いて半導体チップと回路基板を接続した半導体装置を150℃のオーブン中で2時間加熱し接着剤を完全に硬化させた後、冷熱サイクル試験機(−55〜125℃、間隔30分)に投入し一端子当りの接続抵抗値が10mΩ以上となるサイクル数を求めた。
【0034】
【表1】
【0035】
【表2】
【0036】
表1の実施例1〜6に示すように、重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂を用い球状シリカの充填量が40〜80重量%である場合には、溶融時の粘度が200Pa・s以下に達し、かつ硬化後の平均線膨張係数が200ppm以下となるフィルム状接着剤が得られた。実施例1の粘度測定結果を図6に示した。
【0037】
また、このフィルム状接着剤を用いて半導体チップと回路基板を接続した場合、分子量が10,000以上の樹脂を用いた従来のフィルム状接着剤に比べ、低荷重、短時間で導通が可能であり、その半導体装置は冷熱サイクル試験において良好な接続信頼性を示した。
一方、比較例1では、フィルム形成材として分子量約50,000のフェノキシ樹脂を用い低粘度化のために液状のエポキシ樹脂を多量配合しているが、粘着性が強く良好なフィルム形成性が得られない。また、比較例2では、比較例1でのフィルム形成性を改善する目的でフェノキシ樹脂を増加し液状エポキシ樹脂を減少しているが溶融時の粘度が高い。比較例2の粘度測定結果を図7に示した。比較例3では、比較例1でのフィルム形成性を改善する目的でフェノキシ樹脂の代わりに分子量約70,000のポリビニルアセタール樹脂を使用しているが溶融時の粘度が高い。
比較例4では、絶縁性無機フィラーの配合量を減らすことによって溶融時の粘度が低いが、硬化後の線膨張係数が大きく、冷熱サイクル試験において十分な接続信頼性が得られない。比較例5では、絶縁性無機フィラーを高充填することにより、硬化後の線膨張係数は小さいが、溶融時に粘度が十分低下せず導通に要する荷重が高い。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、重量平均分子量が10,000以下であって常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂に適量の絶縁性無機フィラーとエポキシ樹脂、および硬化剤を含有させることにより、従来よりも溶融時の粘度が低く硬化後の耐熱性に優れる熱硬化性のフィルム状接着剤を作製することができる。また、本発明のフィルム状接着剤を用いた場合、従来よりも低圧、短時間、低温で半導体装置を作製することができ、この半導体装置は良好な接続信頼性を有する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のフィルム状接着剤をアンダーフィルフィルムとして用いて回路基板側に仮付けした場合のフリップチップ実装の例を示す断面図である。
【図2】本発明のフィルム状接着剤をアンダーフィルフィルムとして用いて半導体チップ側に仮付けした場合のフリップチップ実装の例を示す断面図である。
【図3】本発明のフィルム状接着剤をダイボンドフィルムとして用いた場合の実装の例を示す断面図である。
【図4】本発明のフィルム状接着剤をアンダーフィルフィルムとして用いて一括接続を行う場合の例を示す図である。
【図5】本発明のフィルム状接着剤をシート状の半導体用封止材として用いる場合の例を示す図である。
【図6】実施例1のせん断粘度と加熱時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【図7】比較例2のせん断粘度と加熱時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1.半導体チップ
2.突起電極
3.アンダーフィルフィルム
4.回路基板
5.電極
6.電極パッド
9.接続ツール
10.加熱装置
11.シート状封止材[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a film adhesive for electrically connecting electrodes facing each other by heating and pressing in connection between a semiconductor chip and a circuit board, and a semiconductor device using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A thermosetting adhesive is used to fix and electrically connect a semiconductor chip to a circuit board (for example, see Patent Document 1). This adhesive is a film-like or paste-like adhesive, and the film-like adhesive has a higher production efficiency because it can be easily arranged uniformly on the semiconductor chip side or the circuit board side in advance and the connection time can be shortened. Excellent.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Patent No. 3073532 [Patent Document 2]
Patent No. 2842051 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When a film-like adhesive is used in a mounting method in which the electrodes of the semiconductor chip and the electrodes of the circuit board face each other, such as in flip-chip mounting, the adhesive is applied in advance to place the adhesive on the semiconductor chip or circuit board side in advance. The electrode surface is covered with the agent. Therefore, in order to remove the adhesive from the surface of the electrodes and electrically connect the electrodes, it is necessary to heat the adhesive and strongly press the electrodes together. This connection is performed with a high load (approximately 1 MPa / chip).
[0005]
In recent years, the number of pins of a semiconductor chip has increased and the chip thickness has tended to decrease, and the connection load required per semiconductor chip has increased. On the other hand, there is a limit to increasing the connection load in order to prevent breakage at the time of connection as the chip thickness is reduced. In addition, in the case of eutectic connection or solder connection in which the electrode on the semiconductor chip side and the electrode on the circuit board side are directly connected by alloying, if there is an impurity between the electrodes, sufficient conduction characteristics cannot be obtained. It is necessary to completely remove the adhesive from between the electrodes.
[0006]
Accordingly, the adhesive for connecting the semiconductor chip and the circuit board needs to have a sufficiently low viscosity at the time of connection. If the rejection is good, not only the load can be reduced, but also the time required for connection can be reduced and the temperature can be lowered, so that the cost for manufacturing the semiconductor device can be reduced.
[0007]
Generally, a thermoplastic resin having a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 or more is blended in order to produce a film-like adhesive (for example, see Patent Document 2). However, by blending a high molecular weight resin, the viscosity at the time of heating and melting does not sufficiently decrease, and the rejection at the time of connection decreases, so that good connection reliability cannot be obtained. Further, a composition containing only a resin component containing no insulating inorganic filler has a relatively low viscosity at the time of melting, but has a larger linear expansion coefficient after curing than semiconductor chips and circuit boards (300 to 500 ppm / ° C.). Therefore, electrical connection between the semiconductor chip and the circuit board cannot be maintained in a moisture absorption reflow test or a thermal cycle test, which is a reliability test, and the long-term connection reliability is poor.
The present invention relates to a film-like adhesive which is excellent in exclusion at the time of electrical connection between a semiconductor chip and a circuit board by an adhesive, has a small connection load, can prevent chip breakage, and has excellent connection reliability. And a semiconductor device using the same.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Invention]
The present invention provides [1] a film adhesive in which the viscosity reaches 200 Pa · s or less at any temperature of 50 to 250 ° C. and the average linear expansion coefficient of the cured product at 25 ° C. to 260 ° C. is 200 ppm / ° C. or less. It is.
It is a film at room temperature and easy to handle, becomes a paste-like low-viscosity material when heated and melted, has sufficient exclusion or circuit filling properties, has a small coefficient of linear expansion after curing, and has low heat resistance. It is intended to provide an excellent film adhesive.
The present invention also provides [2] the film adhesive according to the above [1], which comprises the following components (a) to (d) as essential components.
(A) a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.), (b) an insulating inorganic filler, (c) an epoxy resin, and (d) a curing agent.
The above invention provides a film-like adhesive made of a highly versatile organic / inorganic material in addition to the invention described in the above [1].
The present invention also provides the film adhesive according to the above [1] or [2], wherein [3] (b) the amount of the insulating inorganic filler to be filled is 40 to 80% by weight.
The invention described in the above [3] provides a film-like adhesive having appropriate flexibility in addition to the invention described in the above [1] or [2].
The present invention also provides the film adhesive according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein [4] a volatile content is 10% by weight or less.
The invention described in the above [4] provides a film-like adhesive which is less likely to generate voids upon curing, in addition to the invention described in any of the above [1] to [3].
[5] The film according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the time at which the viscosity is 200 Pa · s or less at any temperature of 50 to 250 ° C. is 30 seconds or more. Adhesive.
According to the invention described in the above [5], in addition to the invention described in any of the above [1] to [5], it is possible to reduce volatile components causing voids before connection, The present invention provides a film-like adhesive capable of connecting a large number of chips simultaneously. The present invention also provides [6] a semiconductor device manufactured using the film adhesive according to any one of [1] to [5].
The invention described in the above [6] is to provide a semiconductor device which can be manufactured at a low pressure, in a short time and at a low temperature as compared with the related art, and has excellent connection reliability.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The film adhesive of the present invention comprises: (a) a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.); (b) an insulating inorganic filler; (c) an epoxy resin; It is preferable that a curing agent be an essential component.
[0010]
Examples of the resin (a) having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.) include, for example, epoxy resin, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, polycarbodiimide resin, phenol resin, and cyanate. Ester resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyethylene resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, urethane resin, acrylic rubber, etc., among them, epoxy resin, which is thermosetting and excellent in heat resistance, Polyimide resin, cyanate ester resin, polycarbodiimide resin and the like are preferable, and epoxy resin and polyimide resin are more preferable. These can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
[0011]
Examples of the (b) insulating inorganic filler used in the present invention include silica, alumina, titanium oxide, carbon black, mica and the like. Among them, silica, alumina, titanium oxide and the like are preferable, and silica and alumina are preferable. More preferred. These can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. Further, the shape of the insulating inorganic filler is preferably a spherical shape having little influence of thickening. When the same kind of insulating inorganic filler is blended in the same parts by weight, the larger the particle size, the lower the viscosity at the time of melting, but the film adhesive of the present invention is used as a film underfill material for flip chip mounting. In this case, the particle diameter is preferably 10 μm or less in order to prevent the insulating inorganic filler from being captured by the electrodes and obstructing the electrical conduction between the electrodes.
[0012]
As the epoxy resin (c) used in the present invention, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, o-cresol novolak type epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin, naphthalene type epoxy resin, etc. And various polyfunctional epoxy resin compounds. These can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The epoxy resin may be used in a liquid state or a solid state at 25 ° C.
[0013]
Examples of the curing agent (d) used in the present invention include imidazoles, polyhydric phenols, acid anhydrides, amines, hydrazides, polymercaptan, etc. Among them, storage stability and heat resistance of the cured product are exemplified. Preferred are imidazoles, polyhydric phenols, acid anhydrides and the like having excellent properties, and more preferably imidazoles and polyhydric phenols. These can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. Further, it is preferable to have a gelation time such that curing does not start until the viscosity of the adhesive is sufficiently reduced. When the curing agent is an imidazole, for example, 2P4MHZ, 2PHZ, 2MA-OK (trade name, manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) or the like having sufficient pot life and gel time. A microcapsule obtained by coating these curing agents with a polyurethane-based or polyester-based polymer substance or the like is preferable because the pot life is extended.
[0014]
In the present invention, the blending amount of the resin (a) having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.) is as follows: (a) The resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and ordinary temperature (25 ° C.) ), The amount is preferably 5 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the solid resin, (b) the insulating inorganic filler, and (c) the epoxy resin. Preferably, it is particularly preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight. If the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, film formation tends to be difficult, and if it exceeds 80 parts by weight, the coefficient of linear expansion after curing tends to increase.
[0015]
In the present invention, (b) a compounding amount of the insulating inorganic filler is as follows: (a) a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.); (b) an insulating inorganic filler; The amount is preferably 10 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 85 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 40 to 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the epoxy resin. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the coefficient of linear expansion after curing tends to increase, and if it exceeds 90 parts by weight, the viscosity at the time of melting tends to increase, and the flexibility of the film decreases. Tend to be brittle.
[0016]
The amount of the epoxy resin (c) in the present invention is as follows: (a) a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.); (b) an insulating inorganic filler; The amount is preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 20 to 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the resin. If the amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the heat resistance of the cured product tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 60 parts by weight, the coefficient of linear expansion of the cured product tends to increase. When the resin (a) having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at normal temperature (25 ° C.) is an epoxy resin, it is included in the epoxy resin (c).
[0017]
The amount of the curing agent (d) in the present invention varies depending on the type of the curing agent, but when the curing agent is an imidazole, 0.01 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin (c). It is more preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight. When the amount is less than 0.01 part by weight, the curing tends to be insufficient under the general connection conditions between the semiconductor chip and the circuit board, and when the amount exceeds 50 parts by weight, the cured material properties of the adhesive tend to decrease. There is.
[0018]
In addition to the above essential components, a silane-based or titanium-based coupling agent can be used in the film adhesive of the present invention. With respect to the total amount of (a) a resin having a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.), (b) an insulating inorganic filler, and (c) an epoxy resin in a total amount of 100 weight, It is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight.
[0019]
In addition, a liquid resin can be used for the purpose of imparting flexibility or tackiness to the film adhesive. With respect to the total amount of (a) a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at normal temperature (25 ° C.), (b) an insulating inorganic filler, and (c) a total of 100 parts by weight of an epoxy resin, It is preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight. In the film adhesive of the present invention, conductive particles can be used, and the amount of the conductive particles is 0.1 to 10% by volume.
[0020]
Further, for the purpose of improving the film forming property of the film adhesive or imparting heat resistance, a resin having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more that does not prevent the viscosity from decreasing can be blended.
[0021]
The film adhesive of the present invention described above may be used as a film-like underfill material or a die bond material for fixing and electrically connecting a semiconductor chip to a circuit board as shown in FIGS. This is particularly effective in ultrasonic bonding or the like that enables short-time connection in flip chip mounting. These can connect a large number of semiconductor chips simultaneously to one circuit board as shown in FIG. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, it can be used as a sheet-like sealing material for semiconductors which does not require transfer molding, or as a protective film, a stress relaxation layer, etc. of a wafer level CSP package.
[0022]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
(Example 1)
100 parts by weight of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and having a molecular weight of 1,600 as a solid resin at normal temperature (25 ° C.) (EP1004 manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.) and
[0023]
(Example 2)
Example 1 was repeated except that the epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600 was replaced with 20 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390 (EP828, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.) and 80 parts by weight of an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600. All were performed under the same conditions to produce a film adhesive.
[0024]
(Example 3)
20 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390, 60 parts by weight of an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1600, and 20 parts by weight of an o-cresol novolak type epoxy resin (ESCN195XL manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) A film adhesive was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the adhesive was replaced with a part.
[0025]
(Example 4)
The same as Example 1 except that the epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600 was replaced with 70 parts by weight of an acrylic resin having a molecular weight of 8,100 (manufactured by Johnson Polymer Co., Ltd .: JC611) and 30 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390. This was performed under the conditions to prepare a film adhesive.
[0026]
(Example 5)
20 parts by weight of a bisphenol A type epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 2,900 (EP1007, manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.), 20 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390, and a molecular weight of 1,600 were used. A film adhesive was produced under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the epoxy resin was replaced by 60 parts by weight and the spherical silica was changed to 70 parts by weight.
[0027]
(Example 6)
Same as Example 1 except that the epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600 was replaced with 60 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390 and 40 parts by weight of an epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1600, and the spherical silica was replaced with 300 parts by weight. This was performed under the conditions to prepare a film adhesive.
[0028]
(Comparative Example 1)
Example 1 except that the epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600 was replaced with 70 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390 and 30 parts by weight of a phenoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 50,000 (PKHC, manufactured by Union Carbide Co., Ltd.). A film adhesive was prepared under the same conditions.
[0029]
(Comparative Example 2)
Except that the epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600 was replaced by 60 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390 and 40 parts by weight of a phenoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 50,000, the same procedure was performed as in Example 1 to obtain a film adhesive. Produced.
[0030]
(Comparative Example 3)
Except that the epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 1,600 was replaced with 70 parts by weight of a liquid epoxy resin having a molecular weight of 390 and 30 parts by weight of a polyvinyl acetal resin (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK: PVB-3000K) having a molecular weight of about 70,000. The operation was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to produce a film adhesive.
[0031]
(Comparative Example 4)
Except that the amount of the spherical silica was changed to 50 parts by weight, the same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out to produce a film adhesive.
[0032]
(Comparative Example 5)
A film-like adhesive was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the spherical silica was changed to 500 parts by weight.
[0033]
In Examples and Comparative Examples, evaluation of characteristics was performed by the following methods, and the results are shown in Table 1 together with the composition of the adhesive.
(Film formation)
Upon drying at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes, it was observed that the adhesive varnish did not flow, a film-like adhesive was formed, and no crack was generated when the film was bent at 90 °. Those that did not flow during drying and did not generate cracks due to bending were evaluated as “O”, and those that generated flow or cracks were evaluated as “X”.
(Melt viscosity measurement)
Using a parallel plate having a diameter of 7.9 mm using a shear viscoelasticity measuring device (manufactured by Rheometric Scientific F.E.), a sample thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm and a temperature of 150 ° C. at a frequency of 10 Hz with a sample thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The shear viscosity at the time of setting was measured. At this time, the time during which the viscosity was 200 Pa · s or less was measured.
(Measurement of average linear expansion coefficient)
The prepared film adhesive was cured at 200 ° C. for 1 hour, and the average linear expansion coefficient at 25 to 260 ° C. was measured using a TMA measuring device (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.) at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min.
(Connectivity)
A film adhesive is temporarily attached to a circuit board (glass epoxy board, size 25 mm square, thickness 0.8 mm, electrode height 20 μm), and a semiconductor chip (
(Cool and heat cycle test)
A semiconductor device in which a semiconductor chip and a circuit board are connected using a film adhesive is heated in an oven at 150 ° C. for 2 hours to completely cure the adhesive, and then is subjected to a thermal cycle tester (−55 to 125 ° C., interval 30 minutes), and the number of cycles at which the connection resistance value per terminal became 10 mΩ or more was determined.
[0034]
[Table 1]
[0035]
[Table 2]
[0036]
As shown in Examples 1 to 6 in Table 1, when the weight average molecular weight is 10,000 or less and a resin that is solid at normal temperature (25 ° C.) is used and the filling amount of spherical silica is 40 to 80% by weight. A film adhesive having a viscosity of 200 Pa · s or less at the time of melting and an average coefficient of linear expansion after curing of 200 ppm or less was obtained. FIG. 6 shows the results of the viscosity measurement of Example 1.
[0037]
In addition, when a semiconductor chip and a circuit board are connected using this film adhesive, conduction can be performed with a lower load and in a shorter time than a conventional film adhesive using a resin having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more. Yes, the semiconductor device showed good connection reliability in a thermal cycle test.
On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, a phenoxy resin having a molecular weight of about 50,000 was used as a film-forming material, and a large amount of a liquid epoxy resin was blended for lowering the viscosity. I can't. In Comparative Example 2, the phenoxy resin was increased and the liquid epoxy resin was decreased for the purpose of improving the film formability in Comparative Example 1, but the viscosity at the time of melting was high. FIG. 7 shows the result of viscosity measurement of Comparative Example 2. In Comparative Example 3, a polyvinyl acetal resin having a molecular weight of about 70,000 was used in place of the phenoxy resin for the purpose of improving the film forming property in Comparative Example 1, but the viscosity at the time of melting was high.
In Comparative Example 4, although the viscosity at the time of melting was low by reducing the blending amount of the insulating inorganic filler, the linear expansion coefficient after curing was large, and sufficient connection reliability could not be obtained in the thermal cycle test. In Comparative Example 5, although the coefficient of linear expansion after curing was small due to high filling of the insulating inorganic filler, the viscosity required for melting did not sufficiently decrease and the load required for conduction was high.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by adding a suitable amount of an insulating inorganic filler, an epoxy resin, and a curing agent to a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.), A thermosetting film adhesive having a low viscosity at the time of melting and excellent heat resistance after curing can be produced. In addition, when the film adhesive of the present invention is used, a semiconductor device can be manufactured at a lower pressure, in a shorter time, and at a lower temperature than before, and this semiconductor device has good connection reliability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of flip-chip mounting when a film adhesive of the present invention is temporarily attached to a circuit board side as an underfill film.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of flip chip mounting when the film adhesive of the present invention is temporarily attached to a semiconductor chip side as an underfill film.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of mounting when the film adhesive of the present invention is used as a die bond film.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where a batch connection is performed using the film adhesive of the present invention as an underfill film.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an example of a case where the film adhesive of the present invention is used as a sheet-like semiconductor sealing material.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between shear viscosity and heating time in Example 1.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear viscosity and the heating time in Comparative Example 2.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. 1.
Claims (6)
(a)重量平均分子量が10,000以下で、常温(25℃)において固形である樹脂、
(b)絶縁性無機フィラー、
(c)エポキシ樹脂、
(d)硬化剤The film adhesive according to claim 1, comprising the following (a) to (d) as essential components.
(A) a resin having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or less and being solid at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.)
(B) an insulating inorganic filler,
(C) epoxy resin,
(D) Curing agent
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| JP2002286022A JP5274744B2 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2002-09-30 | Film adhesive and semiconductor device using the same |
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| JP2002286022A JP5274744B2 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2002-09-30 | Film adhesive and semiconductor device using the same |
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| JP2011233035A Division JP5626179B2 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2011-10-24 | Film adhesive and semiconductor device using the same |
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| JP2004123796A true JP2004123796A (en) | 2004-04-22 |
| JP5274744B2 JP5274744B2 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
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| JP2005340520A (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-08 | Lintec Corp | Semiconductor sealing resin sheet and semiconductor device manufacturing method using the same |
| JP2006216790A (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Electronic component device and method of manufacturing electronic component device |
| JP2007157758A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-21 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | Adhesive film for semiconductor and semiconductor device using the same |
| JP2008218496A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-18 | Namics Corp | Resin film for sealing |
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| JP2012097281A (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2012-05-24 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | Filmy adhesive and production method of semiconductor device using the same |
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| JP2012052126A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-03-15 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Film adhesive and semiconductor device using the same |
| JP2013175546A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-09-05 | Dexerials Corp | Underfill material, and method of manufacturing semiconductor device using the same |
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