JP2004117184A - Light generator of horizontal angle measurement, and method for horizontal angle measurement using the same and method for marking - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure horizontal angle of measuring points, even in dark environment, regardless of height and the like of the measuring point, reduce placing work of transit in marking work, and efficiently mark a plurality of vertical and horizontal lines. <P>SOLUTION: At each measuring point F1 and F2, a light generator for horizontal angle measurement 13 generating linear vertical light wave L1 downward and provided with a luminous body 21 on the same line as the vertical light wave L1 is placed so that the vertical light wave L1 coincides with each measuring point F1 and F2, and the transit 10 is placed at an arbitrary position. By detecting the luminous body 21 of the light generator for horizontal angle measurement 13 at each measuring point F1 and F2 with the transit 10, the horizontal angle of the measuring points F1 and F2 or horizontal angle from known points is measured. As the luminous bodies, linear members arranged on the same line as the vertical light wave, for example, are provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a horizontal angle measurement that can easily measure the horizontal angle between measurement points even when the height of each measurement point is different or when the measurement point is located at the bottom of a groove or the like. The present invention relates to a light generator for use and a method for measuring a horizontal angle using the same, and using the method for measuring a horizontal angle, in order to form a foundation and an underground beam at a construction site, a center position of the foundation and a center of the underground beam are used. The present invention relates to a marking method suitable for determining and marking a line.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When measuring the horizontal angle between measuring points by transit, it is necessary to install the transit at a place where each measuring point can be easily recognized. In particular, when there is a measurement point at the bottom of the excavation hole or when there is an obstacle, the installation point of the transit is limited to a narrow range.
[0003]
Also, in the construction of a foundation that requires measurement of the water angle, if the entire area of the planned construction area is dug, all the parts to be backfilled will be excavated later, and wasteful work must be performed, In addition, since the density of the excavated soil is low at the time of backfilling, the soil is excessive, and the soil is wasted.
[0004]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, only the area corresponding to the location where the foundation and the underground beam are to be buried is excavated in a grid pattern, and as shown in FIG. There is a foundation forming method in which a cobblestone 2 and a waste concrete 3 are laid, and a foundation 5 and an underground beam are concrete-formed on the waste concrete surface. At the time of the excavation, a truncated pyramid-shaped truncated pyramid 1 surrounded by vertical and horizontal streets remains as an unexcavated area.
[0005]
An example of a conventional inking method in the case of forming such a foundation and an underground beam will be briefly described.
(1) In FIG. 14, by measuring the distance and the direction (azimuth) from the benchmarks B1 and B2 in the state of the clear land, the two reference rulers 30 are perpendicular to each other along the outer edge of the planned construction area. And fix it on the ground. Each ruler 30 is marked with a mark M at a predetermined position where vertical and horizontal streets are to be formed.
[0006]
(2) A transit is sequentially installed on each mark M of the ruler 30, a vertical direction and a horizontal direction are determined so as to be in a direction perpendicular to the ruler 30 (parallel to other rulers), and a rope corresponding to each direction is set up. Draw a grid line on the ground with lime according to the rope. That is, "how to use" is performed using a ruler.
[0007]
(3) Excavate in a grid pattern using a yumbo or the like in accordance with the lime line drawn on the terrain, place a ground-reinforced concrete pile at the bottom of the excavation hole, and form a discarded concrete surface.
[0008]
(4) The transit is re-installed on the mark M of the ruler 30, the vertical street and the horizontal street are determined again, and the center position of the foundation, which is the intersection of both streets, is printed on the concrete surface. That is, a mark is drawn at each intersection on the discarded concrete surface.
[0009]
(5) The foundation and the underground beam are formed at predetermined positions in accordance with the vertical and horizontal ink lines drawn on the abandoned concrete surface and the center of the foundation, which is the intersection thereof.
[0010]
(6) After each foundation and underground beam are formed, the transit is sequentially set on each mark M of the ruler 30 again, and the vertical and horizontal streets are marked on the upper end face of the foundation, and the foundation center position is set. The center position of the pillar corresponding to is extracted.
[0011]
(7) The base plate of the steel column is positioned and fixed at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the foundation with reference to the marking line on the upper end surface of the foundation and the mark of the column center position.
[0012]
In addition, as a conventional technique of the horizontal angle measuring method, there is also a method of directly detecting an upwardly generated vertical light wave using a vertical light wave generator that generates a vertical light wave that is linearly upward and downward (for example, Patent Document 1).
[0013]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-11-94540.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the horizontal angle measurement method using a normal transit, for example, when measuring a measurement point at the bottom of the hole after the above-mentioned excavation, or when inking, a mountain in the middle becomes a hindrance, so that a transit point can be visually recognized at each measurement point. Is very difficult to install, and therefore it is also very difficult to measure the horizontal angle between the measurement points.
[0015]
Therefore, in order to determine the vertical and horizontal directions of the grid pattern and the basic center position as shown in FIG. 1, the blackout method as shown in FIG. 14 is used.
[0016]
However, in the above-described conventional inking method, the work of determining the vertical and horizontal streets of the grid and the center position of the foundation by transit is a step of inking on a vacant land and a step of inking on a discarded concrete surface (ground ink). Process and the process of printing on the upper surface of the foundation. That is, in each process, the transit must be sequentially installed on each mark of each standard ruler.
[0017]
As described above, since the transit must be installed, leveled, and centriped in each step in accordance with each mark of the ruler, it takes a great deal of time to perform the inking operation. Also, due to the habits of the workers, there are individual differences in the installation posture and installation position of the transit, so even if the same equipment is used, the position of the pillar center drawn on the top end of the foundation will Often deviates from the basic center position of.
[0018]
More specifically, in each inking step, every time a transit is set on each mark M of the reference ruler 30, a transit horizontal adjustment operation (leveling operation) and a centering operation by swinging down (centering operation) must be performed. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to install the transit. In addition, changes in horizontal accuracy or centripetal accuracy are unavoidable due to differences in the reading habit of the level of the operator or the viewing habit of the downward swing, and the chances of occurrence of deviation in the horizontal level and the centripetal level increase.
[0019]
In addition, the work of adjusting the angle between the reference rulers 30 to a right angle and the work of determining a 90 ° angle with respect to the ruler 30 from each mark of each reference ruler 30 and determining each vertical and horizontal street are also performed. It takes time and effort. Further, the ruler 30 must be fixed to the ground so as to maintain the same position from the time of land clearing until the foundation is completed. There are many occasions when the machine is touched, which may cause the ruler to shift its position.
[0020]
In addition, the method of directly recognizing a straight vertical light wave as described in Patent Literature 1 may not easily detect the vertical light wave. Particularly, in a dim environment or nighttime surveying, the vertical light wave is detected by transit. It is difficult.
[0021]
[Object of the invention]
In the horizontal angle measurement method, if the height of the measurement point is different, if the measurement point is at the bottom of the hole, if there is an obstacle in the middle or if it is dark, it can be measured accurately, and in various ink marking processes, It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the necessity of providing a transit for each landmark by providing a reference ruler, and to allow the same measuring point to be accurately extracted at the time of clearing and after excavating the ground.
[0022]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a light generator for horizontal angle measurement according to claim 1 of the present application includes a vertical light wave generating unit that generates a vertical light wave that is linear downward, and a vertical light wave generating unit that is vertically positioned above the vertical light wave generating unit. It is characterized by having a luminous body arranged on the same straight line as the light wave and diverging light. With the above configuration, even when the measurement point is at the bottom of the hole, when there is an obstacle in the middle, or in a dark environment, the azimuth of the measurement point can be easily measured by measuring the light emitting body located above as a mark.
[0023]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the light generator for measuring a horizontal angle according to the first aspect, the luminous body is a linear member stretched on the same straight line as the vertical light wave.
[0024]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light generator for measuring a horizontal angle, wherein a vertical light wave generating portion for generating a vertical light wave linearly downward, and a tube core is disposed on the same straight line as the vertical light wave at a position above the vertical light wave generating portion. And a true cylindrical light-emitting body that emits light.
[0025]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the light generator for measuring a horizontal angle according to the first aspect, a vertical light wave generator for generating a downward vertical light wave and an upward linear vertical light wave on the same straight line as the vertical light wave. And a luminous body that diverges light when the upward vertical light wave abuts.
[0026]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the light generator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is installed at each measuring point so that a downward vertical light wave coincides with each measuring point, and a transit is arbitrarily set. A horizontal angle measurement method characterized by measuring the horizontal angle between measurement points or the horizontal angle between known points by detecting the light emitter of the light generator at each measurement point by transit at each measurement point. is there.
[0027]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, two transits are installed at two arbitrary positions, and the light generator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is coincident with a known point such as a benchmark. In each transit, the luminous body of the horizontal angle measuring light generator is detected at each known point, and the distance and relative azimuth between both transits are measured. Is calculated, the light generator is placed at a point expected to be a true black point, and with each transit, the luminous body emitted at each of the above expected points is detected, and the detected value and the black point are calculated. This is a blackout method at a building site, in which a deviation from a value is calculated as a difference between latitude and longitude, and a light generator is moved and adjusted so as to eliminate this deviation to determine a blacking point.
[0028]
Embodiment 1 of the present invention
[Light generator for horizontal angle measurement]
FIG. 10 shows a light generator 13 for measuring a horizontal angle to which the present invention is applied. The light generator 13 for measuring a horizontal angle has a main body 13b mounted on an upper end of a tripod 14 whose height can be adjusted. The main body 13b incorporates a gyro-type self-leveling function and a vertical light wave generator 13a made of a semiconductor laser. Even when the light generator main body 13b is installed in a non-horizontal posture, the vertical light wave generator 13a is It is kept horizontal and always generates a linear vertical light wave L1 vertically downward.
[0029]
A U-shaped bracket 20 is provided on the upper surface of the vertical light wave generating unit 13a. The luminous body 21 made of a linear (thread-like) member such as a wire, a wire, a nichrome wire, or a glass fiber is provided on the bracket 20. It is stretched in a vertical posture on the upper extension line of the light wave L1. The bracket 20 is held horizontally by a gyroscopic horizontal holding mechanism together with the vertical light wave generator 13a so that the thread-like (linear) light emitter 21 is always kept in a vertical posture on the vertical line of the vertical light wave. Has become.
[0030]
The light emitting function of the linear light emitting body 21 is, for example, such that a nichrome wire is configured to emit light by energization, or a wire or wire is indirectly emitted by applying a fluorescent paint to the surface and applying light from the outside. There is a configuration in which a transparent glass fiber emits light by irradiating the inside with a semiconductor laser beam used for the vertical light wave. In addition, various linear light emitters can be used, but at least by diverging light, the linear light emitter 21 can be viewed from any direction, depression angle and elevation angle.
[0031]
[Horizontal angle measurement method]
In FIG. 9, when measuring the horizontal angle α of the two measurement points F1 and F2, the light generator 13 for measuring the horizontal angle is installed at each of the measurement points F1 and F2, and the transit 10 is placed at an arbitrary position. install. When the light generator 13 for horizontal angle measurement is installed, the downward vertical light wave L1 is made to coincide with the measurement point F1 (or F2) as shown in FIG. As a result, the upper linear light-emitting body 21 is located on a vertical line passing through the measurement point F1 (F2).
[0032]
The transit 10 visually observes the luminous body 21 of the light generator 13 installed at each of the measurement points F1 and F2, and adjusts the sight to measure the angle α between the measurement points F1 and F2 in FIG. In this measuring operation, the main body 13b of the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 is set at a fixed height via the tripod 14, as shown in FIG. 10, and a straight line is formed on the same vertical line above the vertical light wave L1. Is provided, even if the measuring point F1 (or F2) is located at the bottom of the hole or if there is an obstacle between the measuring point F1 and the transit 10, the horizontal positions of the measuring points F1 and F2 can be obtained. The direction position can be easily detected. Further, even if the transit 10 is not installed within the range of the vertical direction width of the light emitting body 21, since the light is emitted from the light emitting body 21 at almost all elevation angles and depression angles, the horizontal position of the light emitting body 21 can be reliably determined. Can be detected. Further, since the luminous body 21 is visually observed, measurement can be performed even at night.
[0033]
Embodiment 2 of the present invention
FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the light generator 13 for measuring a horizontal angle. As in the structure shown in FIG. 10, the light is mounted on a tripod 14 having a fixed height and adjustable in height. The generator main body 13b is installed, a gyro-type self-leveling function is provided inside the main body 13b, and a vertical light wave generator 13a made of a semiconductor laser is provided. Even when the light generator main body 13b is installed in a non-horizontal posture, The vertical light wave generator 13a is kept horizontal, and always generates a linear vertical light wave L1 vertically downward.
[0034]
Above the vertical light wave generator 13a, a true cylindrical light emitting body 22 is provided in an upright posture, and the cylindrical core C1 of the true cylindrical light emitting body 22 is aligned on the same straight line as the vertical light wave L1. . The true cylindrical light emitting body 22 is made of a translucent member, and has a bulb and the like housed therein, so that the entire peripheral surface shines. Instead of a built-in light bulb, the surface of the true cylindrical light emitting body 22 may be coated with a fluorescent paint, and has a structure in which light is emitted on the entire peripheral surface.
[0035]
The method of measuring the horizontal angle using the light generator 13 of FIG. 11 is basically the same as that described with reference to FIG. 9 using the light generator 13 of FIG. The transit 10 measures both ends K1 and K2 of the true cylindrical light-emitting body 22, and sets the arithmetic mean of both values as the position of the measurement point F1 or the like.
[0036]
Third Embodiment of the Invention
FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the light generator 13 for measuring the horizontal angle, in which the main body 13b of the generator is installed near the ground, and the luminous body is located at a certain height above the main body 13b (directly above the main body). The white resin plate 23 is arranged in an inclined posture.
[0037]
The light generator main body 13b has a gyro-type self-horizontal holding function and a vertical light wave generator 13a that generates vertical light waves L1 and L2 on the same straight line vertically below and vertically above respectively.
[0038]
The surface of the white resin plate 23 is not mirror-finished, but is finished with a roughness such that the upward vertical light wave L2 is irregularly reflected, thereby diverging light.
[0039]
By aligning the downward vertical light wave L1 with the mark of the measurement point F1 (or F2) on the ground, an upward vertical light wave L2 is generated on a vertical line set at the measurement point F1 (or F2), and the upward vertical light wave L2 is generated. Hits on the resin plate 23, the point G1 on the same vertical line as the measurement point F1 (or F2) on the surface of the resin plate 23 is illuminated, and the light diverges. The light emitting point G1 is detected by the transit 10.
[0040]
Embodiment 4 of the present invention
Using the horizontal angle measurement method by the horizontal angle measurement light generator 13 described in the first to third embodiments, a method of sumi-marking in the case of building a foundation of a building as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described. I do.
[0041]
Construction of this foundation is performed by excavating the planned construction area E in FIG. 1 in a grid pattern, forming a cobblestone 2 and a waste concrete surface 3 at the bottom of the excavation hole as shown in FIG. The foundation 4 and the underground beam 5 are formed by concrete, and a column steel frame 7 is erected on the upper end surface of each foundation 4. As shown in FIG. .., X6 and a plurality of horizontal streets Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 orthogonal to these, and basic center positions O11, O12,..., Oxy,. , O61,..., O64 are printed on the ground surface, the discarded concrete surface, and the upper end surface of the foundation, respectively. That is, the above-mentioned basic center position Oxy is a black-out point.
[0042]
(1) The process of inking on the subsurface before excavation.
{Circle around (1)} In FIG. 3, benchmarks B1 and B2 are marked on the ground as known points on the boundary line of the site, and the respective base center positions O11, O12,. Calculate, input, and store the coordinates of the black-out point (the intersection of X and Y) as Oxy,.
[0043]
{Circle around (2)} The transit 10 is installed at arbitrary two points P1 and P2 outside the planned construction area (planned excavation area) E, and the horizontal angle measurement light generator 13 is mounted at each of the benchmarks B1 and B2. .
[0044]
Each transit 10 is provided with a light-wave or radio-type distance finder and a reflection mechanism for reflecting a light wave or a radio wave emitted from the other transit 10, whereby the distance and relative distance between the two transits 10 are provided. The target direction can be measured. Further, a computer 11 is connected to both transits 10, and each measured value measured by the transit 10 is input to the computer 11, and the measured value or a numerical value appropriately processed is stored and displayed on the screen of the monitor 12. I can do it.
[0045]
{Circle around (3)} The transit 10 detects the light emitter 21 of the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 installed on the benchmarks B1 and B2 and detects the position (azimuth) of the transit 10 on the other side. Thereby, while measuring the distance between transits on the first reference line S1 connecting the installation points P1 and P2 of both transits 10, the first reference line S1 and the first reference line S1 are viewed from the first installation point P1. When viewed from the horizontal angle ∠B1P1P2 (angle α01) formed by the benchmark B1, the horizontal angle ∠B2P1P2 (angle α02) formed by the first reference line S1 and the second benchmark B2, and the second installation point P2, The horizontal angle ∠B1P2P1 (angle β01) between the first reference line S1 and the first benchmark B1 and the horizontal angle ∠B2P2P1 (angle β02) between the first reference line S1 and the second benchmark B2 are calculated. Measure. Thus, the installation positions P1 and P2 of the two transits 10 with respect to the benchmarks B1 and B2 are recognized and input to the computer.
[0046]
(4) By computer processing, the numerical values on the coordinates of each of the basic center positions (inking points) O11, O12,..., Oxy,. Conversion processing is performed to a horizontal angle α (xy) formed with the first reference line S1 as viewed from P1, and a horizontal angle β (xy) formed with the first reference line S1 as viewed from the second installation point P2.
[0047]
(5) In FIG. 4, the horizontal angle measurement light generator 13 is placed at an arbitrary point of the black point, for example, a point O (33) ′ which is expected to be near the intersection O (33) of X3 and Y3. . The first transit 10 detects the luminous body 21 of the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13, thereby measuring the horizontal angle α with respect to the first reference line S1, and at the same time, measuring the horizontal angle α with the second transit 10 The light emitter 21 of the light generator 13 is detected, and the horizontal angle β with respect to the first reference line S1 is measured. These measured values are compared with the angles α (33) and β (33) corresponding to the black-out point O (33) calculated in advance as described above, and the difference is calculated to calculate the difference in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Is displayed on the monitor 12 of the computer 11 as the difference between the distances. By moving and adjusting the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 by the detected difference, the horizontal position measuring light generator 13 is made coincident with the target black point O (33), and a mark is marked on the ground. As a result, an ink-out point 0 (33), which is one basic center position, is determined on the ground and ink-out is performed.
[0048]
{Circle around (6)} Next, in FIG. 5, a light for horizontal angle measurement is generated at a point O (32) ′ which is expected to be another black point O (32) on the same vertical line X3 as the black point O (33). The horizontal angle α with respect to the first reference line S1 is measured by detecting the luminous body 21 of the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 with the first transit 10, and at the same time, the second transit 10 To detect the luminous body of the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 and measure the horizontal angle β with respect to the first reference line S1. These measured values are compared with the angles α (32) and β (32) corresponding to the target black point O (32) calculated in advance as described above, and the difference is calculated to calculate the X-axis and Y-axis. It is displayed on the monitor 12 of the computer 11 as the difference in the distance in the direction. By moving and adjusting the horizontal angle measurement light generator 13 by the detected difference, the horizontal position measurement light generator 13 is made coincident with the target black point O (32), and a mark is marked on the ground. As a result, the second black point 0 (32) is determined on the ground in the vertical direction X3, and is blacked.
[0049]
When the inking points (33) and O (32), which are the two basic center positions, are determined on the ground, the vertical X3 can be determined, and the vertical X3 can be inked.
[0050]
{Circle around (7)} In FIG. 6, the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 is placed at a point O (53) ′ that is expected to be another black point (53) on Y3 along the same side as the black point O (33). The horizontal angle α with respect to the first reference line S1 is measured by detecting the luminous body 21 of the vertical horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 with the first transit 10, and at the same time, the horizontal angle α is measured with the second transit 10. The detection lightwave of the angle measurement light generator 13 is detected, and the horizontal angle β with respect to the first reference line S1 is measured. These measured values are compared with the angles α (53) and β (53) corresponding to the target black point O (53) calculated in advance as described above, and the difference is calculated. Is displayed on the monitor 12 of the computer 11 as the difference between the distances in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. By moving and adjusting the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 by the detected difference, the horizontal position measuring light generator 13 is made coincident with the target black-out point O (53), and a mark is marked on the ground. As a result, the second ink ejection point 0 (53) on Y3 is determined on the ground and is ink-inked.
[0051]
When the ink ejection points O (33) and O (53) serving as the two basic center positions are determined on the ground, Y3 can be determined along the horizontal direction, and Y3 can be inscribed along the horizontal direction.
[0052]
{Circle around (8)} Similarly, the remaining vertical lines X1,..., X6 and the horizontal lines Y1,..., Y4 are determined, and these are marked on the ground. In all the vertical and horizontal blackouts, both transits 10 do not need to move from the points P1 and P2 initially installed, and do not need to perform horizontal adjustment again. Then, in accordance with the determined vertical and horizontal directions of X and Y, a line is drawn in a grid pattern on the ground with lime and excavated.
[0053]
(2) After excavation, a process of marking the vertical and horizontal streets and the center position of the foundation on the abandoned concrete surface formed at the bottom of the excavation hole at the same position as in the case of the land clearing.
[0054]
{Circle around (1)} During the above excavation work, both transits 10 are once removed from the installation points P1 and P2 in FIG. 6, and after excavation, they are installed again at arbitrary points P3 and P4 as shown in FIG. The installation points P3 and P4 are set irrespective of the installation points P1 and P2 at the time of the landslide.
[0055]
{Circle around (2)} As in the case of the above-mentioned land clearing, the transit 10 detects the light emitter 21 of the light generator 13 for horizontal angle measurement and also detects the position (azimuth) of the transit 10 on the other side. While measuring the inter-instrument distance of the second reference line S2 connecting the transit 10, the horizontal angles ∠B1P3P4 (angle α03), ∠B2P3P4 (angle α04), ∠B1P4P3 of the benchmarks B1 and B2 with respect to the second reference line S2. (Angle β03) and ΔB2P4P3 (angle β04) are measured. As a result, the installation points P3 and P4 of the two transits 10 with respect to the benchmarks B1 and B2 are recognized and input to the computer.
[0056]
{Circle around (3)} The numerical values on the coordinates of the base center positions (inking points) O11, O12,..., Oxy,. The horizontal angle α (xy) with the line S2 and the horizontal angle β (xy) with the second reference line S2 viewed from the fourth installation point P4 are converted. The horizontal angles α (xy) and β (xy) are calculated based on the third and fourth installation points P3 and P4 and the second reference line S2. It differs from the numerical value calculated based on the first and second installation points P1 and P2 and the first reference line S1 in the case.
[0057]
(4) In FIG. 8, the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 is first placed at an arbitrary point of the black-out point, a point O (33) 'which is expected to be near the intersection O (33) of X3 and Y3.
The first transit 10 detects the luminous body 21 of the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13, thereby measuring the horizontal angle α with respect to the second reference line S2, and at the same time, measuring the horizontal angle α with the second transit 10. The light emitter of the light generator 13 is detected, and the horizontal angle β with respect to the second reference line S2 is measured. These measured values are compared with previously calculated angles α (33) and β (33) corresponding to the target black point O (33), and the difference is calculated to calculate the difference between the distances in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Is displayed on the monitor 12 of the computer 11. By moving and adjusting the horizontal angle measuring light generator 13 by the detected difference, the horizontal position measuring light generator 13 is made coincident with the target black point O (33), and a mark is marked on the ground. As a result, the inking point 0 (33) serving as one basic center position is determined on the discarded concrete and is inked.
[0058]
{Circle around (5)} After that, it is the same as the steps (6) to (8) in the case of the above-mentioned vacant land (1), and determines the black-out point O (xy) corresponding to the basic center position of the key point. The street X and the street Y are determined, and are printed on the discarded concrete surface.
[0059]
(3) When the foundation is constructed, the grid-like vertical and horizontal streets and the center position of the foundation are also marked on the upper end face of the foundation, in the same manner as in the above-described method for land clearing and after the excavation. do not do.
[0060]
[Another embodiment]
(1) Instead of the true cylindrical light emitting body 22 as shown in FIG. 11, a spherical body may be used. In this case, the spherical center is arranged so as to coincide with the vertical light wave on the same straight line. The surveying method is the same as in the case of the above-described true cylindrical light-emitting body.
[0061]
(2) The luminous body disposed on the linear vertical light wave is not limited to a luminous body that emits visible light, but may be any device such as a luminous body that emits infrared light that can be confirmed using an infrared sensing device. It is also possible to use a device that emits invisible light that can be confirmed by the above.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the horizontal angle measurement light generator 13 and the horizontal angle measurement method using the same according to the present invention, the horizontal angle measurement light generator 13 is matched with the measurement point by the downward vertical light wave L1. Since the azimuth angle of the measuring point or the like is measured by detecting the luminous body 21 arranged on the same vertical line as the vertical light wave L1 by transit, the height of the measuring point is different or the measuring point is located at the bottom of the hole. Or if there is an obstacle between the measurement point and the transit installation point, the measurement points can be accurately measured without greatly changing the vertical angle of the transit. Further, by detecting the luminous body, it is possible to easily and accurately measure even in a dim environment or at night.
[0063]
In particular, when inking on the discarded concrete surface at the bottom of the excavation hole, even if it is a hole excavated in a grid pattern, it is installed by measuring the horizontal angle using a horizontal angle measurement light generator. Irrespective of the point, it is possible to detect the illuminant on the vertical line of each measurement point, and the degree of freedom of the installation range of the transit is increased.
[0064]
Further, according to the inking method according to the present invention, if the transit is installed at any two points, a large number of inking points can be determined and inked without changing the installation position.
Therefore, compared to the case where the transit is installed at a new position and the horizontal adjustment and the centripetal adjustment are performed in each way as in the conventional standard ruler method, the occurrence of errors can be greatly reduced, and construction of high-precision buildings can be performed. can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a foundation and an underground beam to which a summing method according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing one process in the case of inking on a solid ground in the inking method according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a step subsequent to that of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a step subsequent to that of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a step subsequent to that of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing one step in the case of inking on a discarded concrete surface by the inking method according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a step subsequent to that of FIG.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a horizontal angle measuring method according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the transit and the horizontal angle measurement light generator of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a side view showing another example of the light generator for horizontal angle measurement.
FIG. 12 is a side view showing another example of the horizontal angle measurement light generator.
FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the measuring method of FIG.
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Basics
6 underground beams
10 transit
13. Light generator for horizontal angle measurement
13a Vertical light wave generator
13b Light generator body
14 Tripod
21,22,23 luminous body

Claims (6)

A vertical light wave generator that generates a vertical light wave that is linear downward, and a luminous body that is arranged on the same straight line as the vertical light wave at a position above the vertical light wave generator and emits light. Light generator for horizontal angle measurement. 2. The light generator for horizontal angle measurement according to claim 1, wherein the illuminant is a linear member stretched on the same straight line as the vertical light wave. A vertical light wave generator that generates a vertical light wave that is linear downward, and a true cylindrical light emitter that emits light while a tube core is arranged on the same line as the vertical light wave at a position above the vertical light wave generator. A light generator for measuring a horizontal angle. Horizontal angle measurement characterized by comprising a vertical light wave generating section that generates a downward vertical light wave and an upward vertical light wave on the same straight line, and a luminous body that emits light when the upward vertical light wave abuts. Light generator for At each measuring point, the light generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is installed such that a downward vertical light wave coincides with each measuring point,
Install the transit at any point,
A horizontal angle measuring method, wherein a horizontal angle between measuring points or a horizontal angle between known points is measured by detecting a luminous body of a light generator at each measuring point by transit. Install two transits at any two locations,
At a known point such as a benchmark, the light generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is installed such that the vertical light wave coincides with the known point,
With each transit, calculate the position of both transits with respect to the known point by detecting the illuminant of the light generator for horizontal angle measurement at each known point and measuring the distance and relative orientation between both transits,
Place the light generator at the point that is expected to be the true inking point, with each transit, detect the illuminant emitted at each of the expected points,
Calculate the difference between the detected value and the value of the black point as the difference in the latitude and longitude,
A blacking method in a building site, characterized in that a light generator is moved and adjusted so as to eliminate this shift, and a blacking point is determined.

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