JP2004115889A - Electrode smelting electrode cooling device - Google Patents

Abstract

In a conventional cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting and refining, the bus bar is cooled by flowing water over the bus bar, so that the cooling of the bus bar becomes uneven, and the rise in electric resistance cannot be sufficiently prevented. Was.
In a cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting of the present invention, an obliquely extending from a point below the upper surface of the bus bar on the outer end surface side of the bus bar for energizing the electrode for electrolytic smelting toward an upper portion of the upper surface of the bus bar. Is provided with means for spraying cooling water. An umbrella-shaped member is provided on the upper portion of the bus bar to receive the cooling water sprayed toward the upper portion of the upper portion of the bus bar. The lower surface of the umbrella-shaped member is concave.
[Selection] Fig. 2

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting, and more particularly to a cooling device for an electrode contact portion and an energizing portion of an electrolytic cell in a portion where a high current is applied.
[0002]
[Prior art]
5 and 6 show a conventional electrolytic smelting apparatus, wherein 1 is an electrolytic cell, 2 is an electrode, 2 'is an ear portion, 3 is a bus bar, 4 is a sprinkling pipe, 5 is a joint of the electrolytic cells 1 and, 6 is an electrolyte surface.
[0003]
Usually, the electrolytic cell 1 is in the shape of a box having a width of 4 to 5 m, a length of 2 to 4 m, and a depth of 2 to 3 m. The bus bar 3 is a copper square bar having a cross section of about 400 × 90 mm square and a length of 5 m. The thickness of the ear portion 2 ′ of the electrode 2 is 10 to 50 mm, and the thickness of the portion in contact with the bus bar 3 is 10 to 50 mm and the length is 30 to 50 mm.
[0004]
In the electrolytic smelting, an electrode made of a recovered metal having a purity of about 90 to 98% and an electrode for collecting the recovered metal are inserted into an acid solution containing a metal in an acid, and the electrode is energized, and the desired recovery is performed. This is a method of recovering a metal at a purity of about 99.99%.
[0005]
The electrode 2 is generally referred to as a cathode on the side of collecting and increasing the purity of the metal, and the other side as an anode.
[0006]
As described above, the electrolytic cell 1 has the bus bars 3 on both sides for supplying electricity so that the electrodes 2 are mounted and the electricity can be supplied.
[0007]
In energization and electrolytic smelting, energization to the anode and the cathode is performed by contact between the ear 2 ′ of the electrode 2 and the bus bar 3. In this case, the contact with the bus bar 3 is maintained by the weight of the electrode 2.
[0008]
For this reason, foreign matter may be mixed into the contact portion between the electrode 2 and the bus bar 3, or the conduction resistance may change due to heat during conduction, and a desired recovery amount may not be obtained, or power consumption relative to the recovery amount may be expected. More efficiency degradation had occurred.
[0009]
In addition, the number of electrodes 2 in electrolytic smelting ranges from 30 to 50 per cell, and the number of the electrodes 2 is large because the number of the electrolytic cells 1 is several tens, and the own weight of the electrode 2 is also several hundred kg. Therefore, there is an impact force at the time of collision, and even a simple device is damaged. In addition, even if only one of the tens of electrodes 2 in one electrolytic cell 1 has a faulty energization, the entire electrolytic cell 1 is affected. Stability is important.
[0010]
For this reason, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-212472, electric stability of the contact is achieved by flowing water near the contact between the bus bar 3 and the electrode 2. In addition, by flowing water, the bus bar was also cooled at the same time. Since a high current always flows through the bus bar 3, the bus bar 3 has heat, and by cooling, the electric resistance can be reduced and the power cost can be suppressed.
[0011]
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 4-176090, a cooling method using a water pipe has been proposed. Even simpler ones have been desired.
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as described above, there are dozens of electrolytic cells 1 and the total number of the electrodes 2 is large, thus increasing the cost of water supply. Further, simply cooling by flowing water causes uneven cooling and increases the heat of the energized part. Therefore, there is a variation in resistance due to heat and a variation in resistance due to variation in heat.
[0013]
Therefore, there has been a demand for a simpler and less expensive means for maintaining the electrical stability of the contacts. As a result of various experimental studies, the present inventor has found that it is extremely preferable to spray water instead of simply spraying water. The present invention has been obtained based on such findings.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting of the present invention is characterized in that a spray means for spraying cooling water on a bus bar for supplying electricity to the electrode for electrolytic smelting is provided.
[0015]
The spraying means is means for spraying cooling water obliquely from a point below the upper surface of the bus bar on the outer end surface side of the bus bar toward an upper portion of the upper surface of the bus bar.
[0016]
Further, an umbrella-shaped member is provided on the upper portion of the bus bar to receive the cooling water sprayed toward the upper portion of the upper surface of the bus bar.
[0017]
The lower surface of the umbrella-shaped member is concave.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a spraying means 7 for spraying cooling water to a point about 5 cm below the upper surface of the bus bar 3 on the outer end face side of the center of the long side of the bus bar 3 is provided. The cooling water is sprayed obliquely and substantially conically from the spray opening 8 of the spray means 7 toward the upper part of the upper surface of the bus bar 3.
[0020]
The reason why the spray opening 8 is arranged in the vicinity of the center of the long side of the bus bar 3 is that this is where the bus bar 3 generates the most heat. It should be determined appropriately according to the heat generation situation.
[0021]
The shape of the spray is not particularly limited, but the water particles to be sprayed are preferably fine and have a low flow rate. This is because the water particles attached to the bus bar 3 immediately flow down with the spray having a high flow rate, and the water particles hitting the bus bar 3 rebound and scatter around the electrolytic cell 1. The spray opening 8 is provided for spraying a wider area.
[0022]
The spray amount is, for example, 0.3 liter / minute, and the time of one spray is 10 minutes, and the interval is 20 minutes. For example, the spray area is an elliptical area having a major axis of 1 to 2.5 m and a minor axis of 0.2 to 0.3 m.
[0023]
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a semicircular umbrella 9 having an arc having a diameter of 10 cm about 5 cm above the bus bar 3 is arranged so that the concave surface faces the bus bar 3. .
[0024]
In this embodiment, the sprayed water particles 8 ′ adhere to the lower surface of the umbrella 9, and water droplets drop onto the contact point between the bus bar 3 and the ear 2 ′ of the electrode 2 through the end of the umbrella 9.
[0025]
The water particles 8 'sprayed by the semi-circular concave surface are easily collected, and the dripping speed becomes appropriate. In addition, the umbrella 9 can prevent the spray water sprayed from the spray opening 8 from flying onto the electrolytic cell 1 and reaching the acid solution in the electrolytic cell 1.
[0026]
Under the above conditions, the electrolytic operation was performed for 15 hours, and the surface temperature of the bus bar 3 was measured at a total of three points at 1 m intervals on both the left and right sides centering on the point facing the spray port. The dispersion at 52 ° C. and three points was 9 ° C. or less. There was no energization failure in which the energization voltage was increased due to contact failure, and the current was stable. In addition, the surface of the bus bar 3 was always wet with water despite intermittent spraying.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the electrode smelting electrode cooling apparatus of the present invention, the bus bar 3 can be cooled more uniformly than the conventional cooling means, and the cooling efficiency can be greatly improved. And power costs can be reduced. In addition, the use of the umbrella 9 has a great advantage that the spray water can be prevented from flying to the electrolytic cell 1 and reaching the acid solution, and the amount of water can be saved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view for explaining a cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part of the cooling device for the electrode for electrolytic smelting shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining a cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting in another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part of the cooling device for the electrode for electrolytic smelting shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view of a conventional electrolytic cell.
6 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part of the cooling device for the electrode for electrolytic smelting shown in FIG. 5;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolyzer 2 Electrode 2 'Ear 3 Bus bar 4 Sprinkling pipe 5 Joint 6 Electrolyte surface 7 Spray means 8 Spray opening 8' Water particle 9 Umbrella

Claims (4)

A cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting, comprising: a spray means for spraying cooling water onto a bus bar for supplying electricity to the electrode for electrolytic smelting. 2. The electrolytic smelting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spraying means is means for spraying cooling water obliquely from a point below the upper surface of the bus bar on the outer end surface side of the bus bar toward an upper portion of the upper surface of the bus bar. Electrode cooling device. 3. The cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting according to claim 2, further comprising an umbrella-shaped member disposed on an upper portion of the upper surface of the bus bar to receive cooling water sprayed toward an upper portion of the upper surface of the bus bar. 4. The cooling device for an electrode for electrolytic smelting according to claim 3, wherein the lower surface of the umbrella-shaped member is concave.

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