JP2004101135A - Heat pump type hot-water feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve COP (Coefficient of Performance) of a heat pump circuit when water is boiled. <P>SOLUTION: A heat pump type hot water feeder comprises a hot water storage tank 16 to store hot water, a heat pump circuit 9 having a compressor 5, an evaporator 6 and a condenser 8, a heat pump circulation circuit 19 which heats low-temperature water taken out of a heat pump outlet 17 formed in a lower part of the hot water storage tank 16 by the condenser 6 of the heat pump circuit 9 and returns heated high-temperature water from a heat pump return port 18 provided in an upper part of the hot water storage tank 16 into the hot water storage tank 16, and a heat utilization circulating circuit 24 which circulates high-temperature water taken out of the hot water storage tank 16 to a heat exchanger 20 and returns temperature-dropped moderate-temperature water to a moderate-temperature water return port 22 formed in a lower part of the hot water storage tank 16. The moderate-temperature water return port 22 is formed at a position higher than the water feed port 15 and the heat pump outlet 17. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus for circulating hot water in a hot water storage tank and boiling it up by a heat pump circuit, and circulating high temperature water in the hot water storage tank and using it as a heat source for heating or additional heating / heating of a bath. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type has been shown in FIG.
Here, 101 is a heat pump circuit, 102 is a hot water storage tank, and the low-temperature water of about 5 to 25 ° C. taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 102 is heated to about 70 to 90 ° C. by the heat pump circuit 101, and from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 102 The hot water is stored in layers.
[0003]
A water supply pipe 103 is connected to a lower end of the hot water storage tank 102, and a tapping pipe 104 is connected to an upper end thereof. Reference numeral 105 denotes an electric mixing valve which mixes high-temperature water from a tapping pipe 104 and low-temperature water from a water supply pipe 103 with an optional hot-water supply set temperature set by a remote controller (not shown) or the like, and discharges water from a hot-water tap 106. It is.
[0004]
Reference numeral 107 denotes a heat exchanger as a heat source for additional heating / heating of a heating or bath. The heat exchanger 107 can be circulated with the hot water storage tank 102 by a heat exchange pipe 108 branched from the hot water supply pipe 104 and a heat exchange pipe 109 joining the water supply pipe 103. The high-temperature water in the hot water storage tank 102 flows into the heat exchanger 107 to heat hot water in a secondary circuit (not shown) such as a heating circuit or a reheating / heating circuit of a bath. .
[0005]
Then, the high-temperature water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 102 is subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger 107 to lower the temperature, becomes medium-temperature water of about 30 to 50 ° C., and enters the hot water storage tank 102 from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 102. It is to return to.
[0006]
The applicant of the present application cannot find any known publication relating to such a conventional hot water supply type hot water supply apparatus. However, Patent Literature 1 discloses an example in which heating is performed using high-temperature water stored in a hot water storage tank as a heat source. Is mentioned.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2663637 (FIG. 1)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this conventional apparatus, when boiling water in the hot water storage tank 102, the medium-temperature water generated by heat exchange is returned from the bottom of the hot water storage tank 102 into the hot water storage tank 102. The hot water mixes with the low-temperature water stored in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 102 and raises the temperature of the water to be boiled by the heat pump circuit, thereby lowering the COP (energy consumption efficiency) of the heat pump hot water supply device, for example, the boiling water If the temperature is 40 ° C., there is a problem that the COP becomes about half that of boiling water at 5 ° C.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve these problems, the present invention has a water supply port at a lower end portion through which low-temperature water flows from a water supply pipe at the lower end, and allows the stored hot water to flow out of the first tapping pipe. A hot water storage tank having a first hot water outlet at an upper end, a heat pump circuit having a compressor, an evaporator, and a condenser; and a heat pump circuit condensing low-temperature water taken out from a heap outlet provided at a lower portion of the hot water storage tank. Heated by a vessel, a heated circulation circuit that returns the heated high-temperature water into the hot water storage tank from a heap return port provided at the top of the hot water storage tank, and a heat exchanger and a heat exchange circulation pump. A heat utilization circuit that circulates high-temperature water taken out from the provided high-temperature water discharge port to the heat exchanger and returns medium-temperature water whose temperature has dropped to a medium-temperature water return port provided at the lower part of the hot water storage tank. In the heat pump type hot water supply device including a circuit, in which the warm water return port provided at a position higher than the water supply port and the Hipon forward port.
[0010]
Thereby, while using the hot water supply, the low-temperature water from the water supply pipe flows in from the lower end of the hot water storage tank, and the medium-temperature water used as a heat source and lowered in temperature is provided at a position higher than the water supply port and the heapon return port. Flows into the hot water storage tank from the return port of the medium-temperature water, so that low-temperature water that is not mixed with the medium-temperature water is secured at the lowermost end of the hot-water storage tank, and is lower than the medium-temperature water return port when boiling. Since the hot water is taken out from the heapon outlet provided at the position, the water can always be heated from the low-temperature water, the efficiency of the heating is improved, and the COP (energy consumption efficiency) as the heat pump hot water supply device is improved. .
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a supercritical heat pump cycle is configured as the heat pump circuit using a carbon dioxide refrigerant as a heat pump circuit.
[0012]
This makes it possible to boil low-temperature water to a high temperature with good COP (energy consumption efficiency), and to increase the amount of heat stored in the heat pump hot water supply apparatus.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 is a heat pump unit, 2 is a hot water storage tank unit, 3 is a hot water supply mixing faucet, and 4 is a heating load terminal such as a floor heating panel.
[0014]
The heat pump unit 1 includes a compressor 5, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger 6 serving as a condenser, a decompressor 7, a heat pump circuit 9 including an evaporator 8, and water to be heated to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 6. A heat pump circulation pump 10 for circulation and a heat pump control unit 11 for controlling their driving are provided, and carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant in a heat pump circuit 9 to constitute a supercritical heat pump cycle. . Since carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, low-temperature water can be heated to a high temperature of about 90 ° C. without an electric heater.
[0015]
Here, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 6 adopts a counter flow system in which the refrigerant and the water to be heated flow in opposition to each other. In a supercritical heat pump cycle, the refrigerant is condensed in a supercritical state during heat exchange. Therefore, the water to be heated can be efficiently heated to a high temperature, and the decompressor 7 or the compression unit 7 is compressed so that the temperature difference between the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 6 inlet temperature and the refrigerant outlet temperature is constant. By controlling the machine 5, when the inlet temperature of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 6 of the water to be heated is a low temperature of about 5 to 20 ° C, the COP (energy consumption efficiency) is very good at 3.0 or more. It is possible to heat the water to be heated.
[0016]
The hot water storage tank unit 2 includes a hot water storage tank 16 having a first hot water outlet 13 connected to the first hot water pipe 12 at an upper end and a water supply port 15 continuous to a water supply pipe 14 at a lower end. A hot water outlet 17 is provided at a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 16, and a hot water return port 18 is provided at an upper portion thereof, and a hot water circulation circuit 19 communicating with the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 6 of the heat pump unit 1 has a hot water circulation circuit 19. Hot water is circulated. The hot water storage tank 16 has a capacity of about 370 L.
[0017]
Reference numeral 20 denotes a heat exchanger as a heating source of the floor warming panel 4. On its primary side, a high-temperature water outlet 21 communicating with the upper part of the hot water storage tank 16 and a medium-temperature water return port 22 at the lower part of the hot water storage tank 16 are circulated using heat. The hot water in the hot water storage tank 16 is circulated by a heat circulation circuit 24 provided with a pump 23. The secondary circuit 25 is connected to the floor warm panel 4 by a circulation on the secondary side. A secondary circulation pump 26 is provided.
[0018]
Next, reference numeral 27 denotes a first mixing valve constituted by an electric mixing valve for mixing hot water from the first hot water supply pipe 12 and low-temperature water from the water supply pipe 14, and a hot water supply temperature sensor provided in a hot water supply pipe 28 downstream thereof. The mixing ratio is controlled so that the hot water temperature detected at 29 becomes the hot water supply set temperature set by the user with the remote controller 30. The remote controller 30 has a hot water supply temperature setting switch 31, which allows the hot water supply temperature to be arbitrarily set within a range of 35 to 60 ° C., and has a heating switch 32 for starting heating.
[0019]
Reference numeral 33 denotes a second tap hole provided at an intermediate height position of the hot water storage tank 16, and an input side of a second mixing valve 34 provided between the first tap port 13 of the first tap pipe 12 and the first mixing valve 27. Is connected via a second tapping pipe 35. The second tap hole 33 and the second tapping pipe 35 are for exchanging heat with the secondary side in the heat exchanger 20 to discharge the medium-temperature water whose temperature has dropped from the hot-water storage tank 16 to the second mixing port. The mixture with high-temperature water flowing through the first tapping pipe 12 is supplied to the first mixing valve 27 by the valve 34.
[0020]
The second mixing valve 34 is constituted by an electric mixing valve, and the mixing ratio is set such that the temperature becomes higher by a predetermined temperature than an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature set by the remote controller 30 according to the temperature detected by the mixing temperature sensor 42 provided downstream thereof. Is to adjust. For example, if an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature is 60 ° C., the mixing temperature of the second mixing valve 34, which is an electric mixing valve, is set to 65 ° C., which is 5 deg higher than 60 ° C., and hot water mixed at 65 ° C. is supplied to the first mixing valve 27. Hot water supply is performed by adjusting the temperature to an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature of 60 ° C. If the desired hot water supply temperature is 42 ° C., the mixing temperature of the second mixing valve 34, which is an electric mixing valve, is set to 47 ° C., which is 5 deg higher than 42 ° C., and the hot water mixed at 47 ° C. is mixed with the first mixing valve 27. The hot water supply is performed by adjusting the temperature to 42 ° C., which is an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature. In this way, hot water can be supplied using as much medium-temperature water as possible in accordance with a given hot water supply temperature at that time.
[0021]
Reference numeral 36 denotes a plurality of hot water storage temperature sensors arranged in the vertical direction of the hot water storage tank 16. Depending on the height of the hot water storage temperature sensor 36 which has detected a predetermined temperature (for example, 50 ° C.) or higher, the hot water storage temperature sensor 36 This is to detect how much heat remains.
[0022]
Reference numeral 37 denotes a hot water supply control unit having a microcomputer that receives input from a sensor in the hot water storage tank unit and controls driving of the actuator. The remote controller 30 is connected to the hot water supply control unit 37 wirelessly or by wire so that a user can set an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature.
[0023]
In addition, 38 is an overpressure prevention valve for preventing overpressure of the hot water storage tank 16, 39 is a feedwater temperature sensor that detects the temperature of feedwater, 40 is a pressure reducing valve that reduces the pressure of feedwater, and 41 is a count of the amount of hotwater to be fed. This is a flow rate counter.
[0024]
Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
First, the boiling operation shown in FIG. 2 will be described. When the hot water storage temperature sensor 36 detects that the required amount of heat does not remain in the hot water storage tank 16 in the late night power time zone, the hot water supply controller 37 sets A boiling start command is issued to the control unit 11. Upon receiving the command, the heap control unit 11 starts driving the compressor 5 after activating the compressor 5, and cools the low-temperature water of about 5 to 20 ° C. taken out from the heap outlet 17 below the hot water storage tank 16 into the refrigerant-water heat. Heated to a high temperature of about 70 to 90 ° C. in the exchanger 6, returned to the hot water storage tank 16 from the heapon return port 18 at the upper part of the hot water storage tank 16 via the heapon circulation circuit 19, and sequentially stacked from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 16. Hot water is stored. When the hot water storage temperature sensor 36 detects that the required amount of heat has been stored, the hot water supply control unit 37 issues a boiling stop command to the heapon control unit 11, and the heapon control unit 11 stops the compressor 5 and circulates the heapon. The pump 10 is also stopped to end the boiling operation.
[0025]
Next, the heating operation shown in FIG. 3 will be described. When the heating switch 32 of the remote control 30 is turned on, the hot water supply control unit 37 starts driving the heat utilization circulation pump 23 and the secondary circulation pump 26, and the hot water outlet 21 The high-temperature water of about 70 to 90 ° C. taken out of the hot water flows into the heat exchanger 20 and exchanges heat with the hot water of the secondary circuit 25. The medium-temperature water whose temperature has dropped to about 30 to 50 ° C. by the heat exchange returns to the medium-temperature water. The medium-temperature water is stored by returning to the lower part of the hot-water storage tank 16 from the port 22 and pushing up the boundary surface between the high-temperature water and the medium-temperature water in a form to replace the high-temperature water. On the secondary side, the hot water heated by the heat exchanger 20 flows into the floor heating panel 4, heats the space to be heated, and circulates again to the heat exchanger 20. Then, when the heating switch 32 of the remote controller 30 is turned off, the hot water supply control unit 37 stops driving the heat utilization circulation pump 23 and the secondary circulation pump 26 to stop the heating operation.
[0026]
Then, the hot water supply operation shown in FIG. 4 will be described. When the hot water mixing faucet 3 is opened, hot water in the hot water storage tank 16 is pushed out from the first hot water outlet 13 at the upper end by the water supply pressure from the water supply pipe 14. Medium-temperature water is pushed out from the second tap 33. The extruded high-temperature water of about 70 to 90 ° C. and medium-temperature water of about 30 to 50 ° C. flow into the second mixing valve 34 via the first hot water pipe 12 and the second hot water pipe 35, respectively. Is mixed. The mixed hot water flows into the first mixing valve 27, is mixed with low-temperature water of about 5 to 20 ° C. from the water supply pipe 14, is adjusted to the hot water supply set temperature set by the user with the remote controller 30, and is supplied with the hot water mixing faucet 3. Hot water is supplied from.
[0027]
At this time, since the medium-temperature water return port 22 is provided in the hot-water storage tank 16 at a position higher than the water supply port 15 at the lowermost end of the hot-water storage tank 16 and the heapon outflow port 17 at the bottom, the medium-temperature water return port 22 is heated by the heating operation. Even if the hot water is returned to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 16, low-temperature water will be secured at the lowermost end of the hot water storage tank 16 by the flow of low-temperature water from the water supply pipe from the lower end of the hot water storage tank 16 by using the hot water supply. In the next boil, there is an effect that it can be boiled from low-temperature water without fail. In addition, the high-temperature water outlet 21 is provided in the middle of the first tapping pipe 12 connected to the first tapping port 13 so that the opening of the hot water storage tank 16 can be reduced.
[0028]
Further, since the second tap hole 33 is provided at a position higher than the middle-temperature water return port 22, a certain capacity can be secured between the middle-temperature water return port 22 and the second tap port 33, and the heat exchanger 20 As a result, the medium-temperature water whose temperature has dropped can be temporarily stored by the capacity thereof, and the amount of medium-temperature water that is stored at a position higher than the second tap hole 33 can be reduced. Specifically, since the second tap hole 33 is located at an intermediate height position of the hot water storage tank 16, a capacity of about 90 to 120 L can be secured between the intermediate-temperature water return port 22 and the second tap port 33, and the heat exchanger is provided. The medium-temperature water whose temperature has dropped in 20 can be temporarily stored by the capacity thereof, and the amount of medium-temperature water stored at a position higher than the second tap 33 can be reduced. That is, the amount of medium-temperature water that cannot be taken out of the second tap 33 can be reduced as much as possible.
[0029]
Here, if the medium-temperature water return port 22 and the second tap 33 are at the same height, the medium-temperature water may be stored at a position higher than the medium-temperature water return port 22. Since the hot water cannot be taken out from the second tap 33 at the same height as the hot water return port 22, it is necessary to use the hot water at the same time as the hot water is generated. Medium-temperature water is stored in the hot-water storage tank 16 until the water is pushed up to the first tap 13 at the upper end of the hot-water storage tank 16. However, in the first embodiment, since the second tap hole 33 is provided at a position higher than the intermediate-temperature water return port 22 as described above, from the generation of the intermediate-temperature water to the use thereof by the capacity of the difference in height. There is an effect that the medium-temperature water can be used for hot water supply even if hot water is supplied at a time interval after the medium-temperature water is generated for a certain volume after the generation of the medium-temperature water.
[0030]
When hot water is not supplied or hot water is supplied immediately after boiling is completed, if there is no medium-temperature water in the hot water storage tank 16 and high-temperature water is present at the position of the second tap 33, the second mixing valve 34 is connected to the first tap pipe 12. The side is closed and the second tapping pipe 35 side is opened. As a result, hot water having a temperature equal to or higher than the set mixing temperature is supplied to the first mixing valve 27. The first mixing valve mixes with the low-temperature water from the water supply pipe 14 and adjusts the hot water setting temperature set by the user with the remote controller 30. Will be done.
[0031]
When high-temperature water is present in the upper part of the hot-water storage tank 16 but low-temperature water is present in the vicinity of the second tap 33, the second mixing valve 34 is automatically set to about 65 ° C. of the set mixing temperature. It is adjusted to.
[0032]
As described above, the medium-temperature water used as a heating heat source at the time of hot water supply is taken out of the middle of the hot water storage tank 16 with priority over the high-temperature water and is supplied with hot water. Therefore, it was performed that the medium-temperature water could not be supplied until the high-temperature water was completely supplied. Each time hot water is supplied, the medium-temperature water in the hot-water storage tank 16 decreases and is replaced with low-temperature water from the water supply pipe 14. The low-temperature low-temperature water is boiled by the heat pump circuit 9, so that the efficiency of the boil-up is improved and the COP (energy consumption efficiency) as the heat pump hot water supply device is improved.
[0033]
Further, the second mixing valve 34 mixes to a temperature equal to or higher than the upper limit temperature of the hot water supply set temperature range adjusted by the first mixing valve 27, and then mixes to an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature by the first mixing valve 27 to supply hot water. Therefore, hot water at an arbitrary hot water supply set temperature set by the remote controller 30 can always be reliably supplied without any special operation on the user side.
[0034]
In this embodiment, the medium-temperature water return port 22 is provided directly above the hot water storage tank 16 at a position higher than the water supply port 15 and the heapon outlet 17. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As shown in the figure, a pipe is inserted from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 16 to the inside, and the opening at the inserted tip is provided as a medium-temperature water return port 22 at a position higher than the water supply port 15 and the heapon outlet 17. Is also good.
[0035]
In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 20, the heat utilization circulation pump 23, and the secondary circulation pump 26 are provided in the hot water storage tank unit 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be provided in a heat exchange unit separate from the tank unit 2, and this does not prevent the embodiment from being changed without changing the gist of the present invention.
[0036]
Further, in this embodiment, the heating load terminal 4 composed of a floor heating panel is used as the load of the secondary circuit 25. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a hot water hot air heater, a hot water panel convector, A hot water panel radiator may be used. Further, the load of the secondary circuit 25 is not limited to the heating use, and may be used for reheating or maintaining the temperature of a bath by circulating hot water in a bathtub. Any heat equipment can be used as long as the heat equipment is used by exchanging heat in the vessel 20.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the low-temperature water from the water supply pipe flows in from the lower end of the hot water storage tank due to the use of the hot water supply, and the medium-temperature water that has been used as a heat source and whose temperature has decreased is supplied to the water supply port. And since it flows into the hot water storage tank from the medium-temperature water return port provided at a position higher than the heapon return port, low-temperature water that is not mixed with the medium-temperature water is secured at the lowermost end of the hot-water storage tank, and When the water is raised, hot water is taken out from the heapon outlet provided at a position lower than the medium temperature water return port, so it can be boiled from low-temperature water without fail, improving the efficiency of boiling and improving the heat pump water supply system. COP (energy consumption efficiency) is improved.
[0038]
According to the second aspect, the low-temperature water can be boiled to a high temperature in a state where the COP (energy consumption efficiency) is good, and the amount of heat stored in the heat pump hot water supply device can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the operation of the boiling operation of the same embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a heating operation according to the same embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the hot water supply operation of the same embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Compressor 6 Refrigerant-water heat exchanger (condenser)
Reference Signs List 8 evaporator 9 heat pump circuit 12 first hot water pipe 13 first hot water outlet 14 water supply pipe 15 water supply port 16 hot water storage tank 17 heapon outlet 18 heapon return port 19 heapon circulation circuit 20 heat exchanger 21 high temperature water outlet 22 medium hot water return Port 23 Heat exchange circulation pump 24 Heat utilization circulation circuit

Claims (2)

A hot water storage tank having a water supply port at a lower end portion through which low-temperature water flows from a water supply pipe at a lower end portion and a first hot water outlet at an upper end portion to discharge hot water stored therein from a first hot water supply tube; a compressor and an evaporator; A heat pump circuit having a condenser, and low-temperature water taken out from a heapon outlet provided at a lower part of the hot water storage tank was heated by a condenser of the heat pump circuit, and heated high-temperature water was provided at an upper part of the hot water storage tank. A heap circulation circuit for returning the hot water from the heap return port into the hot water storage tank, and having a heat exchanger and a heat exchange circulation pump, circulating high-temperature water taken out from a high-temperature water outlet provided at an upper portion of the hot water storage tank to the heat exchanger; And a heat utilization circulation circuit for returning the temperature-reduced medium-temperature water to a medium-temperature water return port provided below the hot-water storage tank. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, wherein a mouth is positioned higher than the water supply port and the Hipon forward port. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump circuit is a heat pump circuit using a carbon dioxide refrigerant, and a supercritical heat pump cycle is configured.

Images