JP2004060828A

JP2004060828A - Vibration control type seismic isolation building and vibration damping device used for it

Info

Publication number: JP2004060828A
Application number: JP2002222150A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takashi Fujita; 藤田　▲隆▼史; Nobuyasu Kawai; 川井　伸泰; Yuji Funayama; 舟山　勇司; Masaki Mochimaru; 持丸　昌己; Shinji Sato; 佐藤　新治
Original assignee: Oiles Industry Co Ltd; Okumura Corp
Current assignee: Oiles Industry Co Ltd; Okumura Corp
Priority date: 2002-07-30
Filing date: 2002-07-30
Publication date: 2004-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-30
Also published as: JP4029685B2

Abstract

【課題】風等による微小振動をも効果的に早期に減衰できて強風時の制振効果を得ることができ、しかも、小型の振動減衰装置を用いることができる制振型免震建物及びこれに用いる振動減衰装置を提供すること。
【解決手段】制振型免震建物１は、地盤に杭等により固定されて設置されたコンクリート製の基礎２と、鉛支柱３入りのアイソレータ４からなる免震装置５と、免震装置５を介して基礎２に支持された上部構造物６と、基礎２と上部構造物６との間に配された振動減衰装置７とを具備している。
【選択図】　　　図１A vibration-damping type seismic isolation building that can effectively attenuate minute vibrations due to wind and the like early and can obtain a vibration-damping effect in strong winds, and that can use a small vibration-damping device. To provide a vibration damping device for use in a vehicle.
A vibration-damping type seismic isolation building (1) includes a concrete base (2) fixed to the ground by a pile or the like, a seismic isolation device (5) including an isolator (4) containing lead posts (3), and a seismic isolation device (5). And a vibration damping device 7 disposed between the foundation 2 and the upper structure 6.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、免震装置で免震化された上部構造物の風等による微小振動を効果的に減衰させて強風時の制振効果を得るようにした事務所ビル、集合住宅又は戸建住宅等の制振型免震建物及びこれに用いる振動減衰装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から、地震を対象とした免震建物は、建物の基部を地震による振動に対して免震作動するアイソレータと振動を減衰させるダンパーとからなる免震装置により基礎上に支承されている。斯かる免震建物では、元来、地震の他に小変位の交通振動や風による揺れについては考慮されないのが普通であり、例えば、ロック機構により所定の水平荷重を越える地震が作用するまでは免震装置を不作動にし、それより大きな振動荷重が発生すると、ロック機構を解除して免震装置が作動するようにしたものが一般である。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、都市に建設される高層建物では、地震の他に小変位の交通振動や風の揺れを減衰させて居住性を改良することが要求されるようになっているが、単に、ロック機構を省いて、小変位の交通振動や風による揺れをも免震装置のダンパーにより減衰させようとしても、斯かる免震装置に用いられるダンパーの多くは、弾塑性ダンパー又は摩擦ダンパーであって、これらは、その特性上、小変位における振動エネルギの吸収効率が低いために、交通振動や風による揺れを効果的に早期に減衰させることが困難である。
【０００４】
一方、弾塑性ダンパー又は摩擦ダンパーに代えて、小変位における振動エネルギの吸収効率も高く、風や交通振動から大地震までの振動に対応できる粘性ダンパーを使用した免震装置も提案されているが、風や交通振動から大地震までの振動をカバーするには粘性ダンパーのストロークを長大にしなければならず、それに伴い免震装置も長大となって、建物にこの様な長大な免震装置を介装するには問題がある。
【０００５】
本発明は、前記諸点に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、風等による微小振動をも効果的に早期に減衰できて強風時の制振効果を得ることができ、しかも、小型の振動減衰装置を用いることができる制振型免震建物及びこれに用いる振動減衰装置を提供することにある。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第一の態様の制振型免震建物は、地震による振動に対して免震作動するアイソレータと振動を減衰させる弾塑性系又は摩擦系の第一の振動減衰装置とを具備した免震装置を介して上部構造物を下部構造物上で支承してなり、上部構造物及び下部構造物に連結されていると共に、下部構造物に対して上部構造物が相対的に所定の水平変位を越えると上部構造物及び下部構造物のうちの少なくとも一方に対する該連結を解除する解除機構を備えた粘性系の第二の振動減衰装置を具備し、上部構造物に対する振動減衰に関して、所定の水平変位を越えない地震や風、交通振動等による小さな振動に対しては第一の振動減衰装置と第二の振動減衰装置とを共に作動させ、所定の水平変位を越える地震による大きな振動に対しては第一の振動減衰装置のみを作動させるようにしたことを特徴とする。
【０００７】
第一の態様の制振型免震建物によれば、上部構造物及び下部構造物に連結されている粘性系の第二の振動減衰装置が、下部構造物に対する上部構造物の相対的な所定の水平変位を越える移動で上部構造物及び下部構造物のうちの少なくとも一方に対する当該連結を解除する解除機構を備えて、小さな振動に対しては第二の振動減衰装置を第一の振動減衰装置と共に作動させるようになっているために、粘性系の第二の振動減衰装置により風等による微小振動をも効果的に早期に減衰できて強風時の制振効果を得ることができ、しかも、所定の水平変位を越える地震による大きな振動に対しては上部構造物に対する振動減衰に関して第一の振動減衰装置のみを作動させるようにしているために、第二の振動減衰装置を大きな振動に対しても作動することができるようにストロークを長大にする必要もなく、したがって、小型の第二の振動減衰装置を用いることができる。
【０００８】
本発明において、第二の振動減衰装置は、その第二の態様の制振型免震建物のように、上部構造物及び下部構造物に固着された粘弾性体を具備していても、その第三の態様の制振型免震建物のように、粘性ダンパーとトリガーピンを有したトリガーピン式の解除機構とを具備していても、そして、その第四の態様の制振型免震建物のように、粘性ダンパーと摩擦系の解除機構とを具備して、下部構造物及び上部構造物のうちの一方に摩擦力で連結されていてもよく、そして、第二の態様の制振型免震建物での解除機構は、上部構造物が所定の水平変位を越えると粘弾性体自身が切断されることによって連結を解除するようになっており、第三の態様の制振型免震建物でのトリガーピン式の解除機構は、上部構造物が所定の水平変位を越えるとトリガーピンが上部構造物側に設けた凹所から抜け落ちて連結を解除するようになっており、第四の態様の制振型免震建物での摩擦系の解除機構は、所定の摩擦力を越えると滑り出して連結を解除するようになっている。
【０００９】
上記の制振型免震建物に用いる本発明の第一の態様の振動減衰装置は、地震による振動に対して免震作動と弾塑性系又は摩擦系の振動減衰作動とを行う免震装置を介して上部構造物を下部構造物上で支承してなる制振型免震建物に用いるための粘性系の振動減衰装置であって、上部構造物及び下部構造物に連結されるようになっていると共に、下部構造物に対して上部構造物が相対的に所定の水平変位を越えると上部構造物及び下部構造物のうちの少なくとも一方に対する該連結を解除するようになっている解除機構を備えており、上部構造物に対する振動減衰に関して、所定の水平変位を越えない小さな振動に対しては免震装置と共に作動し、所定の水平変位を越える大きな振動に対しては免震装置のみを作動させるようになっている。
【００１０】
斯かる振動減衰装置は、好ましくは、本発明の第二の態様の振動減衰装置のように、固定板と、固定板に対して隙間をもって水平方向に可動に粘性体内に配されている可動板と、固定板と可動板との間の隙間に配された粘性体とを有している粘性ダンパーを具備しており、ここで、解除機構は、上昇位置では上部構造物の凹所に嵌合する一方、下降位置では上部構造物の凹所への嵌合を解除するように、上下方向に可動に可動板に連結されたトリガーピンと、このトリガーピンの下面に対峙すると共に、トリガーピンを上昇位置に配するように設けられた突面とを具備しており、トリガーピンは、固定板に対して可動板が所定の水平変位を越えると、その下面で対峙する突面から外れて下降位置に配されるようになっていてもよく、更には、本発明の振動減衰装置は、好ましくは、その第三の態様の振動減衰装置のように、固定板と、固定板に対して隙間をもって水平方向に可動に粘性体内に配されている可動板と、固定板と可動板との間の隙間に配された粘性体と、可動板を囲繞する囲繞体とを有した粘性ダンパーを具備しており、ここで、解除機構は、互いに摩擦接合する一対の第一の摩擦接合部材と、互いに摩擦接合する一対の第二の摩擦接合部材とを具備しており、一対の第一の摩擦接合部材のうちの一方の摩擦接合部材は、上部構造物に取り付けられるようになっており、一対の第二の摩擦接合部材のうちの一方の摩擦接合部材は、可動板に連結されており、一対の第一の摩擦接合部材のうちの他方の摩擦接合部材と一対の第二の摩擦接合部材のうちの他方の摩擦接合部材とは相互に連結されており、一対の第一の摩擦接合部材のうちの一方の摩擦接合部材は、可動板の囲繞体への当接で、一対の第一の摩擦接合部材のうちの他方の摩擦接合部材との間の水平面内の一方の方向における所定の摩擦接合力を越えると当該他方の摩擦接合部材に対して滑り出すようになっており、一対の第二の摩擦接合部材の一方の摩擦接合部材は、可動板の囲繞体への当接で、一対の第二の摩擦接合部材の他方の摩擦接合部材との間の水平面内の一方の方向に交差する水平面内の他の方向における所定の摩擦接合力を越えると当該他方の摩擦接合部材に対して滑り出すようになっていてもよい。
【００１１】
本発明において、免震装置は、好ましくは、剛性層及び弾性層が交互に積層された積層ゴムからなるアイソレータと、この積層ゴムに埋設された鉛支柱からなる振動減衰装置とを具備しており、また上部構造物は、好ましくは、事務所ビル、集合住宅又は戸建住宅であるが、本発明はこれに限定されず、その他の上部構造物であってもよい。
【００１２】
次に本発明及びその実施の形態を、図を参照して更に詳細に説明する。なお、本発明はこれら実施の形態に何等限定されないのである。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１から図３において、本例の制振型免震建物１は、地盤に杭等により固定されて設置されたコンクリート製の基礎２と、鉛支柱３入りのアイソレータ４からなる免震装置５と、免震装置５を介して基礎２に支持された上部構造物６と、基礎２と上部構造物６との間に配された振動減衰装置７とを具備している。
【００１４】
下部構造物としての基礎２と上部構造物６との間に介在されて、上部構造物６の上下方向（鉛直方向）Ｖの荷重を支持すると共に、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの振動を免震する免震装置５は、鋼板等からなる複数の剛性層１１及びゴム等からなる複数の弾性層１２が上下方向Ｖに交互に積層されている積層ゴムからなるアイソレータ４と、アイソレータ４に埋設されている弾塑性系の振動減衰装置としての鉛支柱３と、アイソレータ４を挟持していると共に基礎２と上部構造物６の事務所ビル１５との夫々にアンカーボルト等を介して固着された上下取付け鋼板１３及び１４とを具備している。斯かる免震装置５は、上部構造物６の荷重を受けるべく、基礎２上に適当に分散されて複数個配されている。
【００１５】
上部構造物６は、本例では、例えば高層の事務所ビル１５と、事務所ビル１５の下面１６にボルト等により固着された係合部材１７とを具備しており、係合部材１７の下面１８には、円形の凹所１９が形成されており、凹所１９の周りの係合部材１７の下面１８には、凹所１９を取り囲んで環状のテーパ面２０が形成されている。
【００１６】
凹所１９を、係合部材１７の下面１８に設ける代わりに、事務所ビル１５の下面１６に直接設けてもよく、この場合には係合部材１７を省き得る。
【００１７】
免震装置５を介して基礎２に対して水平方向Ｈの振動に関して免震支持された上部構造物６の当該水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させる粘性系の振動減衰装置７は、水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させる粘性ダンパー２１と、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅、例えば略１００ｍｍ以下の強風等による微小の振動では、粘性ダンパー２１を上部構造物６に連結して、上部構造物６に対する振動減衰に関して、鉛支柱３と共に粘性ダンパー２１を作動させ、地震に起因する上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅、例えば略１００ｍｍを超える振動では、上部構造物６に対する該連結を解除する解除機構２２と、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅を超える振動の消失後、粘性ダンパー２１の上部構造物６への連結を復帰させるように、解除機構２２を元に戻す戻し機構２３とを具備している。
【００１８】
粘性ダンパー２１は、粘性体３１と、粘性体３１を収容すると共に基礎２にアンカーボルト等により固着された容器３２と、容器３２の内周面３３に夫々の外周縁で溶接等により固着されていると共に上下方向Ｖにおいて互いに隙間をもって配された複数枚の環状であって矩形の固定板３４と、上下方向Ｖにおいて固定板３４に対して隙間をもって当該固定板３４間の隙間の夫々に配されている複数枚の矩形の可動板３５と、各可動板３５の内周縁が溶接等により外周面３６に固着されていると共に可動板３５を支持する円筒体３７と、円筒体３７の内周面３８に溶接等により固着されていると共に円周方向に等間隔、本例では９０゜の角度間隔をもって配された四個の係合突起３９と、固定板３４と可動板３５との間に隙間を保持すると共に固定板３４に摺動自在に接触して可動板３５の両面に固着されたスペーサ４２とを具備している。固定板３４及び可動板３５の夫々は粘性体３１内に配されており、したがって、固定板３４と可動板３５との間の隙間には粘性体３１が介在されている。
【００１９】
粘性ダンパー２１は、固定板３４に対する可動板３５の水平方向Ｈの移動において、固定板３４と可動板３５との間の隙間に配された粘性体３１に粘性剪断変形を生じさせることにより、可動板３５の水平方向Ｈの移動に対して粘性剪断変形に起因する抵抗力を及ぼして可動板３５の水平方向Ｈの振動、延いては上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させるようになっている。
【００２０】
解除機構２２は、上下方向Ｖに可動に配されたトリガーピン機構５１と、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅以下の振動では、上部構造物６の係合部材１７の下面１８に形成された円形の凹所１９にトリガーピン機構５１のトリガーピン５８を嵌合させて粘性ダンパー２１を上部構造物６に連結する一方、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅を超える振動では、凹所１９へのトリガーピン機構５１のトリガーピン５８の嵌合の解除を許容するように、トリガーピン機構５１を上下動させる突面５２とを具備している。
【００２１】
トリガーピン機構５１は、凹所１９に嵌合自在な円板状の部位５５、部位５５に一体な截頭円錐部５６及び截頭円錐部５６に一体な円柱部５７を有するトリガーピン５８と、トリガーピン機構５１を上下動させる突面５２に摺動自在に接触する底部５９及び底部５９に一体な円筒部６０を有する有底円筒状の摺動部材６１と、摺動部材６１の底部５９及びトリガーピン５８の円柱部５７間に介在されているコイルばねからなる弾性部材６２と、上部構造物６の下面１８に対面するトリガーピン５８の部位５５の上面６５に設けられていると共に、上部構造物６の下面１８に転がり接触可能な複数の球体（ボール）からなる転がり部材６６と、円筒部６０の外周面６７に溶接等により固着されていると共に係合突起３９に摺動自在に接触する円錐外面６８を有する中空の截頭円錐体６９とを具備している。
【００２２】
トリガーピン５８を上昇位置に配するように設けられた突面５２に対峙した下面を有するトリガーピン５８の円柱部５７は、摺動部材６１の円筒部６０内に上下動自在に挿入されており、截頭円錐体６９の円錐外面６８に摺動自在に接触する係合突起３９の面は、円錐外面６８と相補的な形状をもっており、而して、トリガーピン５８は、摺動部材６１、截頭円錐体６９、係合突起３９及び円筒体３７を介して上下方向に可動に可動板３５に連結されている。
【００２３】
戻し機構２３は、夫々の一端がトリガーピン５８の截頭円錐部５６に、夫々の他端が容器３２に固着された複数のコイルばね７５を具備しており、斯かる複数のコイルばね７５は、トリガーピン機構５１を初期位置としての容器３２の中央部に配するために、トリガーピン５８の周りで等角度間隔に放射状に配されている。
【００２４】
トリガーピン機構５１を上下動させる突面５２は、容器３２の底面４１の中央に形成された截頭円錐状の突起８０の外面からなり、突面５２は、水平方向Ｈに平行な平坦な頂面８１及び頂面８１から傾斜して下方に伸びた傾斜面８２を有しており、頂面８１に摺動部材６１が載置されるようになっている。
【００２５】
以上の制振型免震建物１では、通常時には、図２に示すように、頂面８１に摺動部材６１が載置されて、トリガーピン５８が上昇位置に配され、而して、トリガーピン５８の部位５５が凹所１９へ嵌合されている。この状態で、強風が生じて免震装置５の弾性層１２の剪断変形により基礎２に対して上部構造物６が水平方向Ｈに振動される場合であって、その振動が例えば強風等による所定振幅以下である場合には、部位５５の凹所１９への嵌合が維持される結果、アイソレータ４に埋設されている鉛支柱３の水平方向Ｈの弾塑性変形に加えて、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの移動が解除機構２２の截頭円錐体６９を介して係合突起３９に伝達されて可動板３５も上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの移動と共に水平方向Ｈに移動されて、可動板３５の水平方向Ｈの移動により可動板３５と固定板３４との間の隙間の粘性体３１が粘性剪断変形され、而して、鉛支柱３の水平方向Ｈの弾塑性変形に起因する抵抗力に加えて、粘性ダンパー２１におけるこの粘性剪断変形に起因する抵抗力は、可動板３５の水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させ、これにより上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させる。強風が収まると、免震装置５の弾性層１２による原点復帰機能により制振型免震建物１は、図２に示す状態に戻される。
【００２６】
地震が生じて免震装置５の弾性層１２の剪断変形により基礎２に対して上部構造物６が水平方向Ｈに振動される場合であって、その振動が所定振幅を越える場合には、換言すれば、トリガーピン５８を介して可動板３５が水平方向Ｈに移動させられて固定板３４に対して可動板３５が所定の水平変位を越える場合には、図４に示すように、摺動部材６１が頂面８１から水平方向Ｈに外れて底面４１に接触し、これによりトリガーピン５８もその下面で対峙する突面５２の頂面８１から水平方向Ｈに外れて下降して下降位置に配されて、部位５５の凹所１９への嵌合が解除される結果、上部構造物６に対する粘性ダンパー２１の連結が解除されて、可動板３５はその位置に停止されて減衰動作を行わないようになる一方、更なる上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの移動で、図５に示すように、部位５５の上面６５が凹所１９以外の部位で上部構造物６の下面１８に対面するようになる。図５に示すような上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの移動では、鉛支柱３が十分に変形されるために、鉛支柱３のこの弾塑性変形でもって上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの大きな移動が好ましく早期に減衰されることになる。
【００２７】
水平方向Ｈに所定振幅を越えて最大まで変位した上部構造物６が水平方向Ｈにおいて前記と逆方向に移動すると、凹所１９が部位５５の上面６５を通過して、部位５５の上面６５が凹所１９以外の水平方向Ｈに関して前記とは反対の部位で上部構造物６の下面１８に対面するようになる。以下、地震に起因する上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの振動が鉛支柱３の変形による減衰をもって小さくなって、最後に凹所１９が図２に示す初期位置に停止されると、トリガーピン機構５１がコイルばね７５に引っ張られて、この引っ張りでもって摺動部材６１が突起８０を乗り上げて突面５２の頂面８１に着座し、トリガーピン機構５１もまた図２に示す初期位置に戻される。
【００２８】
トリガーピン機構５１の初期位置への戻しに際し、転がり部材６６が下面１８に転がり接触すると共にトリガーピン５８の円柱部５７が摺動部材６１の円筒部６０により挿入されて弾性部材６２が縮められ、摺動部材６１の頂面８１への着座後、弾性部材６２が伸ばされて、部位５５が凹所１９に再び嵌合される。このように、戻し機構２３は、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅を超える振動の消失後であって、凹所１９が図２に示す初期位置に停止された後に、解除機構２２を元に戻すようになっている。テーパ面２０は、部位５５の凹所１９への再嵌合を容易にするように部位５５を案内するようになっている。
【００２９】
以上の制振型免震建物１は、地震による基礎２の水平方向Ｈの振動に対して免震作動するアイソレータ４と上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させる鉛支柱３とを具備した免震装置５を介して上部構造物６を基礎２上で支承してなり、上部構造物６には解除機構２２のトリガーピン５８を介して解除自在に連結され、基礎２には容器３２及びアンカーボルト等を介して連結されていると共に、基礎２に対して上部構造物６が相対的に所定の水平変位を越えると上部構造物６に対する連結を解除するトリガーピン式のトリガーピン機構５１及び突面５２を備えた振動減衰装置７を具備し、上部構造物６に対する振動減衰に関して、所定の水平変位を越えない地震や風、交通振動等による小さな振動に対しては鉛支柱３と振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー２１とを共に作動させ、所定の水平変位を越える地震による大きな振動に対しては鉛支柱３のみを作動させるようになっており、そして、制振型免震建物１においては、トリガーピン機構５１及び突面５２からなるトリガーピン式の解除機構２２は、上部構造物６が所定の水平変位を越えるとトリガーピン機構５１のトリガーピン５８が上部構造物６側に設けた凹所１９から抜け落ちて解除機構２２を介する上部構造物６と振動減衰装置７との連結を解除するようになっている。
【００３０】
ところで、免震層に弾塑性系のダンパー（第一の振動減衰装置）を有するのみで、粘性ダンパー（第二の振動減衰装置）による粘性減衰定数（ｈ）が零の場合（ｈ＝０）の高層の免震建物は、風による上部構造物の応答加速度（ｃｍ／ｓｅｃ^２）と層（階数）との関係の一例を示す図６において曲線ａで示すように、上部構造物と基礎とを剛に結合した場合（非免震であって図６において曲線ｂで示す）よりも風により大きく揺れるのであるが、振動減衰装置７を具備した本例の制振型免震建物１によれば、曲線ｃで示すように風による揺れを極めて小さくできる上に、小型の振動減衰装置７を用いることができる。
【００３１】
即ち、制振型免震建物１によれば、上部構造物６及び基礎２に連結されている振動減衰装置７が、基礎２に対して上部構造物６の相対的な所定の水平変位を越える振動で上部構造物６との連結を解除する解除機構２２を備えて、小さな振動変位に対しては振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー２１を鉛支柱３と共に作動させるようになっているために、振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー２１により風等による微小振動をも効果的に早期に減衰できて強風時の制振効果を得ることができ、しかも、所定の水平変位を越える地震による大きな振動に対しては鉛支柱３のみを作動させるようにしているために、振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー２１を大きな振動変位に対しても作動することができるようにストロークを長大にする必要もなく、したがって、小型の粘性ダンパー２１を用いることができる。
【００３２】
上記の例において、戻し機構２３を設けないで、手動によりトリガーピン機構５１を初期位置に戻すようにしてもよい。
【００３３】
ところで、振動減衰装置７を上記に代えて図７及び図８に示すように構成してもよい。即ち、図７及び図８に示す粘性系の振動減衰装置７は、水平方向Ｈの振動を減衰させる粘性ダンパー１０１と、強風等による上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅以下の小さな振動では、粘性ダンパー１０１を上部構造物６に連結して、上部構造物６に対する振動減衰に関して、鉛支柱３と共に粘性ダンパー１０１を作動させ、地震等に起因する上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの所定振幅を超える大きな振動では、上部構造物６に対する該連結を解除する解除機構１０２とを具備している。
【００３４】
粘性ダンパー１０１は、可動板としての円板状の抵抗発生体１１１と、抵抗発生体１１１を囲繞する囲繞体としての円筒部１１２を有した容器１１３と、円筒部１１２内に配されて容器１１３内に収容された粘性体１１４とを具備しており、容器１１３は、固定板としてのその底板部１１５でアンカーボルト等を介して基礎２に固着されている。
【００３５】
粘性体１１４内に配されていると共に隙間１１６をもって容器１１３の底板部１１５と対面している抵抗発生体１１１は、その水平方向Ｈの移動により隙間１１６に配された粘性体１１４に粘性剪断変形を生じさせ、斯かる粘性体１１４の粘性剪断変形でその水平方向Ｈの移動に抗する抵抗力を発生し、而して、その水平方向Ｈの移動を減衰させるようになっている。
【００３６】
粘性ダンパー１０１は、抵抗発生体１１１の水平方向Ｈの移動で、抵抗発生体１１１と底板部１１５との間の隙間１１６に存在する粘性体１１４に粘性剪断変形を生じさせて減衰力を発生し、而して、抵抗発生体１１１の水平方向Ｈの移動を減衰させ、延いては上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの移動を減衰させる。
【００３７】
解除機構１０２は、上部構造物６の事務所ビル１５の下面１６にボルト等により固着されて取り付けられていると共に水平面内において一方の方向Ｈ１に伸びた平行な一対のレール１０３（一個のみ図示）と、各レール１０３に方向Ｈ１に摺動自在に嵌合して摩擦接合していると共にレール１０３に吊り下げられた複数のスライダ１０４と、スライダ１０４に固着された可動板１０６と、可動板１０６の下面１２１にボルト等により固着されて斯かる可動板１０６を介してスライダ１０４に連結されていると共に水平面内において方向Ｈ１に交差、本例では直交する方向Ｈ２に伸びた平行な一対のレール１２２と、一対のレール１２２に方向Ｈ２に摺動自在に嵌合して摩擦接合していると共にレール１２２に吊り下げられた複数のスライダ１２３と、複数のスライダ１２３が上面に固着されて当該複数のスライダ１２３を支持した支持板１２５と、一端では支持板１２５に固着され、他端では抵抗発生体１１１に固着されていると共に支持板１２５と抵抗発生体１１１とを連結する連結部材１２６とを具備しており、スライダ１２３は、支持板１２５及び連結部材１２６を介して抵抗発生体１１１に連結されている。
【００３８】
互いに摩擦接合する一対の摩擦接合部材としてのレール１０３とスライダ１０４とは、事務所ビル１５からなる上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈにおける方向Ｈ１の所定振幅以下の振動に起因して粘性体１１４の粘性剪断変形により抵抗発生体１１１に発生される抵抗力では、互いの間に滑りが生じない一方、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈにおける方向Ｈ１の所定振幅を超える振動に起因して抵抗発生体１１１の円筒部１１２への当接により発生される抵抗力では、互いの間に滑りが生じるような摩擦抵抗をもって互いに摩擦接触しており、他の一対の摩擦接合部材としてのレール１２２とスライダ１２３ともまた、事務所ビル１５からなる上部構造物６の水平面内における方向Ｈ２の所定振幅以下の振動に起因して粘性体１１４の粘性剪断変形により抵抗発生体１１１に発生される抵抗力では、互いの間に滑りが生じない一方、上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈにおける方向Ｈ２の所定振幅を超える振動に起因して抵抗発生体１１１の円筒部１１２への当接により発生される抵抗力では、互いの間に滑りが生じるような摩擦抵抗をもって互いに摩擦接触している。即ち、レール１０３は、抵抗発生体１１１の円筒部１１２への当接で、スライダ１０４との間の方向Ｈ１における所定の摩擦接合力を越えるとスライダ１０４に対して方向Ｈ１に滑り出すようになっており、スライダ１２３もまた、抵抗発生体１１１の円筒部１１２への当接で、レール１２２との間の方向Ｈ２における所定の摩擦接合力を越えるとレール１２２に対して方向Ｈ２に滑り出すようになっている。
【００３９】
図７及び図８に示す上部構造物６及び振動減衰装置７を有すると共に上述の免震装置５でもって上部構造物６が免震支持されてなる制振型免震建物１では、通常時、図７に示すように、抵抗発生体１１１は、最初は容器１１３の中央部に配されている。この状態で、強風が生じて免震装置５の弾性層１２の剪断変形により基礎２に対して上部構造物６が方向Ｈ１に振動される場合であって、その振動が強風等による上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の所定振幅以下の小さな振動の場合は、粘性ダンパー１０１が一対のレール１０３とスライダ１０４との間の摩擦を介して上部構造物６に連結されている結果、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の移動が一対のレール１０３とスライダ１０４との摩擦を介して可動板１０６に伝達され、可動板１０６に伝達された上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の移動が一対のレール１２２及びスライダ１２３、支持板１２５並びに連結部材１２６を介して抵抗発生体１１１に伝達され、これにより抵抗発生体１１１も上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の移動と共に方向Ｈ１に移動されて、抵抗発生体１１１の方向Ｈ１の移動により抵抗発生体１１１と底板部１１５との間の隙間１１６の粘性体３１が粘性剪断変形され、粘性ダンパー１０１におけるこの粘性剪断変形に起因する抵抗力は、抵抗発生体１１１の方向Ｈ１の振動を減衰させ、而して、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の振動を減衰させる。強風が収まると、免震装置５の弾性層１２による原点復帰機能により制振型免震建物１は、図７に示す状態に戻されると共に、抵抗発生体１１１もまた、容器１１３の中央部に戻される。
【００４０】
地震が生じて免震装置５の弾性層１２の剪断変形により基礎２に対して上部構造物６が方向Ｈ１に振動される場合であって、その振動が所定振幅を越える場合には、解除機構１０２が抵抗発生体１１１を所定振幅まで方向Ｈ１に移動させた後に、図９に示すように、抵抗発生体１１１が円筒部１１２へ当接して抵抗発生体１１１が方向Ｈ１に移動できなくなる結果、粘性ダンパー１０１は、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の振動に対する減衰動作を行い得ないようになる一方、一対のレール１０３とスライダ１０４との間に滑りが生じて上部構造物６に対する粘性ダンパー１０１の連結が解除され、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の振動が粘性ダンパー１０１からの粘性剪断変形に起因する抵抗力を受けることなしに許容されるようになり、而して、更なる上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の移動では、鉛支柱３が十分に変形されるために、鉛支柱３のこの変形でもって上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の大きな移動が好ましく早期に減衰されることになる。
【００４１】
方向Ｈ１に所定振幅を越えて最大まで変位した上部構造物６が方向Ｈ１において前記と逆方向に移動すると、円筒部１１２への当接が解除されるように抵抗発生体１１１が移動されるために、一対のレール１０３とスライダ１０４との間の摩擦を介する上部構造物６に対する粘性ダンパー１０１の連結が復活して上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１における前記と逆方向の移動が可動板１０６に伝達され、これにより抵抗発生体１１１も上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１において前記と逆方向に移動されて、上部構造物６が粘性ダンパー１０１からの粘性剪断変形に起因する抵抗力を受けつつ移動される。この逆方向の移動で抵抗発生体１１１が再び円筒部１１２へ当接して抵抗発生体１１１が方向Ｈ１に移動できなくなると、一対のレール１０３とスライダ１０４との間に滑りが生じて上部構造物６に対する粘性ダンパー１０１の連結が再び解除され、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の振動が粘性ダンパー１０１からの粘性剪断変形に起因する抵抗力を受けることなしに許容されるようになり、而して、更なる上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の移動では、鉛支柱３が十分に変形されるために、鉛支柱３のこの変形でもって上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１における前記と逆方向の大きな移動が好ましく早期に減衰されることになる。
【００４２】
以下、上記の動作が繰り返されて、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の振幅が徐々に小さくなり、抵抗発生体１１１が円筒部１１２へ当接しなくなると、上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の振動と共に抵抗発生体１１１が方向Ｈ１に振動されて、地震が収まると、免震装置５の弾性層１２による原点復帰機能により上部構造物６は、図７に示す状態に戻される一方、抵抗発生体１１１は、円筒部１１２へ最後に当接した後の上部構造物６の方向Ｈ１の移動量との関連で場合により図７に示す状態から偏倚した位置に配される。
【００４３】
上部構造物６が方向Ｈ２に振動される場合も、図７及び図８に示す制振型免震建物１は、一対のレール１２２とスライダ１２３との間の摺動、非摺動でもって前記と同様な動作を行い、また、上部構造物６が水平面内における方向Ｈ１と方向Ｈ２との間の方向に振動される場合は、一対のレール１０３とスライダ１０４との間の摺動、非摺動及び一対のレール１２２とスライダ１２３との間の摺動、非摺動でもって前記と同様な動作を行う。
【００４４】
図７及び図８に示す制振型免震建物１も、上部構造物６には解除機構１０２を介して解除自在に連結され、基礎２には容器１１３及びアンカーボルト等を介して連結されていると共に、基礎２に対して上部構造物６が相対的に所定の水平変位を越えると上部構造物６に対する連結を解除する摩擦系の解除機構１０２を備えた振動減衰装置７を具備し、上部構造物６に対する振動減衰に関して、所定の水平変位を越えない地震や風、交通振動等による小さな振動に対しては鉛支柱３と振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー１０１とを共に作動させ、所定の水平変位を越える地震による大きな振動に対しては鉛支柱３のみを作動させるようになっており、そして、図７及び図８に示す制振型免震建物１において、振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー１０１は、上部構造物６に摩擦力で連結されており、摩擦系の解除機構１０２は、所定の摩擦力を越えると滑り出して上部構造物６と振動減衰装置７の粘性ダンパー１０１との連結を解除するようになっている。
【００４５】
以上のように図７及び図８に示す振動減衰装置７を具備する制振型免震建物１でも、鉛支柱３の変形による減衰を期待できないような強風等の風による上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの微小振動を効果的に早期に減衰できて強風時の制振効果を得ることができ、しかも、所定振幅を超える振動に対する構成を必要としない結果、小型の粘性ダンパー１０１を用いることができる。
【００４６】
図７及び図８に示す振動減衰装置７では、地震が収まった後における抵抗発生体１１１の位置が種々変動する虞があって、一対のレール１０３からスライダ１０４が外れる場合又は一対のレール１２２からスライダ１２３が外れる場合が生じる虞があるために、これを防止すべく、一対のレール１０３及び１２２の夫々にストッパを設けてもよい。
【００４７】
更に、振動減衰装置７を上記に代えて図１０に示すように構成してもよい。即ち、図１０に示す振動減衰装置７は、上部取り付け板１８１と、下部取り付け板１８２と、上端面では上部取り付け板１８１に、下端面では下部取り付け板１８２に夫々固着されていると共に、上部取り付け板１８１と下部取り付け板１８２との間に介在された粘弾性体１８３とを有した粘弾性ダンパを具備しており、上部取り付け板１８１は、事務所ビル１５の下面にボルト等により固着されており、下部取り付け板１８２は、基礎２にアンカーボルト等を介して固着されており、こうして、上端面で上部構造物６に上部取り付け板１８１及びボルト等を介して連結され、下端面で基礎２に下部取り付け板１８２及びアンカーボルト等を介して連結されている粘弾性体１８３を具備した振動減衰装置７は、所定の水平変位を越えない地震や風、交通振動等による上部構造物６の水平方向Ｈの小さな振動に対しては、粘弾性体１８３に剪断変形を生じさせてその振動を減衰させるようになっており、そしてまた、図１０に示す振動減衰装置７では、上部構造物６が所定の水平変位を越えると粘弾性体１８３自身が切断されることによって、上部構造物６と基礎２との連結を解除するようになって、粘弾性体１８３自身の切断でもって解除機構が構成されている。
【００４８】
図１０に示す振動減衰装置７を有した制振型免震建物１も、上部構造物６に対する振動減衰に関して、所定の水平変位を越えない地震や風、交通振動等による小さな振動に対しては鉛支柱３と振動減衰装置７の粘弾性体１８３とを共に作動させ、所定の水平変位を越える地震による大きな振動に対しては鉛支柱３のみを作動させるようにしている。
【００４９】
なお、免震装置における振動減衰装置としては、鉛支柱３を用いる代わりに、摩擦を用いた摩擦系の振動減衰装置を用いてもよく、また、基礎２に対して上部構造物６が相対的に所定の水平変位を越える場合に、振動減衰装置７と上部構造物６との連結を解除する代わりに、振動減衰装置７と基礎２との連結を解除するようにしてもよい。
【００５０】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、風等による微小振動を効果的に早期に減衰できて強風時の制振効果を得ることができ、しかも、小型の減衰装置を用いることができる制振型免震建物及びこれに用いる振動減衰装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施態様の好ましい例の正面説明図である。
【図２】図１に示す例の構造物用振動減衰装置の説明図である。
【図３】図２に示すＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ線矢視断面図である。
【図４】図１に示す例の動作説明図である。
【図５】図１に示す例の動作説明図である。
【図６】図１に示す例の動作説明図である。
【図７】本発明の実施態様の好ましい他の例の正面説明図である。
【図８】図７に示すＶＩＩＩ−ＶＩＩＩ線矢視断面図である。
【図９】図７に示す例の動作説明図である。
【図１０】本発明の実施態様の好ましい更に他の例の正面説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１　制振型免震建物
２　基礎
３　鉛支柱
４　アイソレータ
５　免震装置
６　上部構造物
７　振動減衰装置[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an office building, an apartment house or a detached house in which a small vibration due to wind or the like of an upper structure seismically isolated by a seismic isolation device is effectively attenuated to obtain a vibration damping effect in a strong wind. The present invention relates to a vibration damping type seismic isolation building and a vibration damping device used for the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a base-isolated building for an earthquake is supported on a foundation by a base-isolation device including an isolator that operates to isolate the base of the building against the vibration caused by the earthquake and a damper that attenuates the vibration. In such a base-isolated building, originally, it is normal that the vibration due to traffic and wind of small displacement is not considered in addition to the earthquake.For example, until an earthquake exceeding a predetermined horizontal load is applied by a lock mechanism. Generally, when the seismic isolation device is deactivated and a vibration load greater than that is generated, the locking mechanism is released to activate the seismic isolation device.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in high-rise buildings constructed in cities, it is required to improve the livability by attenuating traffic vibration of small displacement and wind sway in addition to earthquakes, but it is only necessary to use a lock mechanism. Omitting, even if it tries to attenuate the traffic vibration of small displacement and the vibration due to the wind by the damper of the seismic isolation device, most of the dampers used in such a seismic isolation device are elasto-plastic dampers or friction dampers. Due to its characteristics, it is difficult to effectively and early attenuate the traffic vibration and the vibration caused by the wind because the efficiency of absorbing the vibration energy at the small displacement is low.
[0004]
On the other hand, instead of an elasto-plastic damper or a friction damper, a seismic isolation device using a viscous damper that has a high absorption efficiency of vibration energy at small displacement and that can cope with vibrations from wind and traffic vibration to large earthquake has been proposed. In order to cover the vibrations from wind and traffic vibrations to large earthquakes, the stroke of the viscous damper must be long, and the seismic isolation device also becomes long. There is a problem with interposition.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its purpose is to be able to effectively attenuate even small vibrations due to wind and the like early and effectively to obtain a vibration suppression effect at the time of strong winds, In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration-damping type seismic isolation building that can use a small vibration damping device and a vibration damping device used for the building.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A vibration-damping type seismic isolation building according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an isolator that operates to seismically isolate against vibration due to an earthquake and an elasto-plastic or friction-based first vibration damping device that dampens the vibration. The upper structure is supported on the lower structure via a seismic device, is connected to the upper structure and the lower structure, and the upper structure has a predetermined horizontal displacement relative to the lower structure. A second vibration damping device of a viscous system having a release mechanism for releasing the connection to at least one of the upper structure and the lower structure when the vibration exceeds the predetermined value. For small vibrations caused by earthquakes, winds, traffic vibrations, etc. that do not exceed the displacement, operate both the first vibration damping device and the second vibration damping device to prevent large vibrations caused by an earthquake exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement. Is the first vibration reduction The device only is characterized in that so as to operate.
[0007]
According to the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building of the first aspect, the second vibration damping device of the viscous system connected to the upper structure and the lower structure is provided with a predetermined relative position of the upper structure to the lower structure. A release mechanism for releasing the connection to at least one of the upper structure and the lower structure by a movement exceeding the horizontal displacement of the second vibration damping device for a small vibration. Because it is designed to be operated together with the second vibration damping device of the viscous system, even a minute vibration due to wind or the like can be effectively attenuated at an early stage, and a vibration suppression effect at the time of strong wind can be obtained. For large vibrations caused by an earthquake exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement, only the first vibration damping device is operated with respect to the vibration damping of the upper structure. Also works There is no need to long strokes to allow Rukoto, therefore, can be used a second vibration damping apparatus compact.
[0008]
In the present invention, even if the second vibration damping device includes the viscoelastic body fixed to the upper structure and the lower structure as in the case of the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building of the second aspect, Like the vibration damping type seismic isolation building of the third embodiment, even if it has a viscous damper and a trigger pin type release mechanism having a trigger pin, and the vibration damping type vibration isolation system of the fourth embodiment, Like a building, it may be provided with a viscous damper and a friction system release mechanism, and may be connected to one of the lower structure and the upper structure by frictional force. The release mechanism in a seismic isolation type building is such that when the upper structure exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement, the viscoelastic body itself is cut off to release the connection. The trigger pin release mechanism in a quake building is used when the superstructure exceeds a specified horizontal displacement. The rigger pins fall out of the recesses provided on the upper structure side to release the connection, and the release mechanism of the friction system in the vibration damping type seismic isolation building of the fourth aspect exceeds a predetermined frictional force And slide out to disconnect.
[0009]
The vibration damping device of the first aspect of the present invention used for the above-described vibration-damping type seismic isolation building is a seismic isolation device that performs seismic isolation operation and elasto-plastic or frictional system vibration damping operation against vibration due to earthquake. A viscous vibration damping device for use in a vibration-damping type seismic isolation building that supports an upper structure on a lower structure through an upper structure and is connected to the upper structure and the lower structure. A release mechanism configured to release the connection to at least one of the upper structure and the lower structure when the upper structure exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement relative to the lower structure. With regard to the vibration damping of the upper structure, it works with the seismic isolation device for small vibrations that do not exceed the predetermined horizontal displacement, and operates only the seismic isolation device for large vibrations that exceed the predetermined horizontal displacement. It has become.
[0010]
Such a vibration damping device is preferably a movable plate disposed in a viscous body movably in a horizontal direction with a gap with respect to the fixed plate, as in the vibration damping device according to the second aspect of the present invention. And a viscous damper having a viscous body disposed in a gap between the fixed plate and the movable plate, wherein the release mechanism fits into the recess of the upper structure in the raised position. On the other hand, in the lowered position, the trigger pin connected to the movable plate in the up-down direction and the lower surface of the trigger pin are opposed to each other so as to release the fitting of the upper structure into the recess, and the trigger pin is moved. A protrusion provided to be disposed at the ascending position, and the trigger pin is disengaged from the protrusion facing the lower surface when the movable plate exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement with respect to the fixed plate. It may be arranged in a position, furthermore, The vibration damping device of the present invention is preferably, as in the vibration damping device of the third aspect, a fixed plate, and a movable plate disposed in a viscous body so as to be movable in a horizontal direction with a gap with respect to the fixed plate, A viscous body disposed in a gap between the fixed plate and the movable plate, and a viscous damper having a surrounding body surrounding the movable plate, wherein the release mechanism is a pair of frictionally joined together. A first frictional joining member and a pair of second frictional joining members frictionally joined to each other, wherein one of the pair of first frictional joining members is attached to the upper structure. One of the pair of second frictional joining members is connected to the movable plate, and the other frictional joining member of the pair of first frictional joining members The other friction joint of the pair of second friction joints Are connected to each other, and one of the pair of first frictional joining members is in contact with the surrounding body of the movable plate, and the other of the pair of first frictional joining members is When a predetermined frictional joining force in one direction in a horizontal plane between the second frictional joining member and the other frictional joining member is exceeded, the first frictional joining member slides out. The friction joining member abuts on the surrounding body of the movable plate, and in the other direction in the horizontal plane intersecting with one direction in the horizontal plane between the pair of second friction joining members and the other friction joining member. When a predetermined frictional joining force is exceeded, the frictional joining member may slide out.
[0011]
In the present invention, the seismic isolation device preferably includes an isolator made of laminated rubber in which rigid layers and elastic layers are alternately laminated, and a vibration damping device composed of a lead post embedded in the laminated rubber. The superstructure is preferably an office building, an apartment house or a detached house, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be another superstructure.
[0012]
Next, the present invention and its embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
1 to 3, a vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 of the present example is a seismic isolation device 5 including a concrete foundation 2 fixed and installed on a ground with a pile or the like and an isolator 4 containing a lead support 3. And an upper structure 6 supported on the foundation 2 via the seismic isolation device 5, and a vibration damping device 7 disposed between the foundation 2 and the upper structure 6.
[0014]
The upper structure 6 is interposed between the foundation 2 as a lower structure and the upper structure 6 to support the vertical load (vertical direction) V of the upper structure 6 and to reduce the vibration of the upper structure 6 in the horizontal direction H. The seismic isolation device 5 for seismic isolation includes an isolator 4 made of a laminated rubber in which a plurality of rigid layers 11 made of a steel plate or the like and a plurality of elastic layers 12 made of a rubber or the like are alternately stacked in the vertical direction V. A lead column 3 as a buried elasto-plastic vibration damping device, and an isolator 4 are sandwiched therebetween and fixed to each of the foundation 2 and the office building 15 of the upper structure 6 via anchor bolts or the like. And upper and lower mounting steel plates 13 and 14. A plurality of such seismic isolation devices 5 are appropriately dispersed on the foundation 2 to receive the load of the upper structure 6.
[0015]
In this example, the upper structure 6 includes, for example, a high-rise office building 15 and an engaging member 17 fixed to a lower surface 16 of the office building 15 with bolts or the like. A circular recess 19 is formed in 18, and an annular tapered surface 20 surrounding the recess 19 is formed on the lower surface 18 of the engaging member 17 around the recess 19.
[0016]
Instead of providing the recess 19 on the lower surface 18 of the engaging member 17, it may be provided directly on the lower surface 16 of the office building 15, in which case the engaging member 17 may be omitted.
[0017]
The viscous vibration damping device 7 for damping the vibration in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 supported on the base 2 via the seismic isolation device 5 with respect to the vibration in the horizontal direction H with respect to the foundation 2 is provided. The viscous damper 21 for attenuating vibration and the predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6, for example, in the case of minute vibration due to strong wind or the like of about 100 mm or less, connect the viscous damper 21 to the upper structure 6. With respect to the vibration damping of the upper structure 6, the viscous damper 21 is operated together with the lead support 3 to release the connection to the upper structure 6 when the vibration of the upper structure 6 exceeds a predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H, for example, approximately 100 mm due to the earthquake. And the release mechanism 22 so that the connection of the viscous damper 21 to the upper structure 6 is restored after the vibration exceeding the predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 disappears. Back and provided with a mechanism 23 back to the.
[0018]
The viscous damper 21 includes a viscous body 31, a container 32 that accommodates the viscous body 31, and is fixed to the foundation 2 with an anchor bolt or the like, and is fixed to an inner peripheral surface 33 of the container 32 by welding or the like at each outer peripheral edge. And a plurality of annular rectangular fixing plates 34 arranged with a gap therebetween in the vertical direction V, and a gap between the fixing plates 34 with a gap with respect to the fixing plate 34 in the vertical direction V. A plurality of rectangular movable plates 35, a cylindrical body 37 having an inner peripheral edge fixed to an outer peripheral surface 36 by welding or the like and supporting the movable plate 35, and an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 37. A gap between the fixed plate 34 and the movable plate 35, and four engagement protrusions 39 fixed by welding or the like and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, in this example, at an angular interval of 90 °. Hold and Slidably contact with are provided with a spacer 42 which is secured to both sides of the movable plate 35 to the fixed plate 34. Each of the fixed plate 34 and the movable plate 35 is disposed in the viscous body 31. Therefore, the viscous body 31 is interposed in the gap between the fixed plate 34 and the movable plate 35.
[0019]
The viscous damper 21 is movable by causing the viscous body 31 disposed in the gap between the fixed plate 34 and the movable plate 35 to undergo viscous shear deformation when the movable plate 35 moves in the horizontal direction H with respect to the fixed plate 34. The vibration of the movable plate 35 in the horizontal direction H and the vibration of the upper structure 6 in the horizontal direction H are attenuated by exerting a resistance force due to the viscous shear deformation on the movement of the plate 35 in the horizontal direction H. Has become.
[0020]
The release mechanism 22 is formed on the lower surface 18 of the engaging member 17 of the upper structure 6 with the trigger pin mechanism 51 movably arranged in the vertical direction V and the vibration of the upper structure 6 having a predetermined amplitude or less in the horizontal direction H. While the viscous damper 21 is connected to the upper structure 6 by fitting the trigger pin 58 of the trigger pin mechanism 51 into the formed circular recess 19, while the vibration of the upper structure 6 exceeds a predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H, A projection 52 is provided to move the trigger pin mechanism 51 up and down so as to allow the trigger pin 58 of the trigger pin mechanism 51 to be disengaged from the recess 19.
[0021]
The trigger pin mechanism 51 includes a disk-shaped portion 55 that can be fitted into the recess 19, a truncated cone portion 56 integrated with the portion 55, and a trigger pin 58 having a columnar portion 57 integrated with the truncated cone portion 56, A bottomed cylindrical sliding member 61 having a bottom 59 slidably in contact with a projection 52 for vertically moving the trigger pin mechanism 51 and a cylindrical portion 60 integrated with the bottom 59; An elastic member 62 composed of a coil spring interposed between the columnar portions 57 of the trigger pin 58 and an upper surface 65 of a portion 55 of the trigger pin 58 facing the lower surface 18 of the upper structure 6. A rolling member 66 composed of a plurality of spheres (balls) that can be in rolling contact with the lower surface 18 of the object 6, and is fixed to the outer peripheral surface 67 of the cylindrical portion 60 by welding or the like, and slidably contacts the engaging protrusion 39. Circle It is provided with a hollow truncated cone 69 having an outer surface 68.
[0022]
The cylindrical portion 57 of the trigger pin 58 having a lower surface facing the protruding surface 52 provided to dispose the trigger pin 58 at the raised position is inserted into the cylindrical portion 60 of the sliding member 61 so as to be vertically movable. The surface of the engagement projection 39 slidably in contact with the outer conical surface 68 of the truncated cone 69 has a shape complementary to the outer conical surface 68, so that the trigger pin 58 has the sliding member 61, It is connected to the movable plate 35 movably in the vertical direction via the truncated cone 69, the engagement protrusion 39 and the cylindrical body 37.
[0023]
The return mechanism 23 includes a plurality of coil springs 75 each having one end fixed to the truncated conical portion 56 of the trigger pin 58 and the other end fixed to the container 32. In order to dispose the trigger pin mechanism 51 at the center of the container 32 as an initial position, the trigger pins 51 are radially arranged around the trigger pin 58 at equal angular intervals.
[0024]
A protruding surface 52 for vertically moving the trigger pin mechanism 51 is formed of an outer surface of a frusto-conical projection 80 formed at the center of the bottom surface 41 of the container 32, and the protruding surface 52 is a flat top parallel to the horizontal direction H. The sliding member 61 has a surface 81 and an inclined surface 82 inclined downward from the top surface 81 and extending downward. The sliding member 61 is placed on the top surface 81.
[0025]
In the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 described above, the sliding member 61 is mounted on the top surface 81 and the trigger pin 58 is arranged at the raised position as shown in FIG. A portion 55 of the pin 58 is fitted into the recess 19. In this state, when a strong wind is generated and the upper structure 6 is vibrated in the horizontal direction H with respect to the foundation 2 due to the shear deformation of the elastic layer 12 of the seismic isolation device 5, the vibration is caused by, for example, a predetermined strong wind. If the amplitude is not more than the amplitude, the fitting of the portion 55 to the recess 19 is maintained. As a result, in addition to the elasto-plastic deformation in the horizontal direction H of the lead post 3 embedded in the isolator 4, the upper structure 6 Is transmitted to the engaging projection 39 via the truncated cone 69 of the release mechanism 22, and the movable plate 35 is also moved in the horizontal direction H with the movement of the upper structure 6 in the horizontal direction H. The viscous body 31 in the gap between the movable plate 35 and the fixed plate 34 is viscously sheared and deformed by the movement of the movable plate 35 in the horizontal direction H. Thus, the viscous body 31 is caused by the elasto-plastic deformation of the lead column 3 in the horizontal direction H. In addition to the resistance force, this viscous shear change in the viscous damper 21 Resistance force caused by attenuates the vibrations in the horizontal direction H of the movable plate 35, thereby damping vibrations in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6. When the strong wind stops, the vibration-damping type base-isolated building 1 is returned to the state shown in FIG. 2 by the origin return function of the elastic layer 12 of the base-isolation device 5.
[0026]
If the upper structure 6 is vibrated in the horizontal direction H with respect to the foundation 2 due to the shear deformation of the elastic layer 12 of the seismic isolation device 5 due to the occurrence of an earthquake, and the vibration exceeds a predetermined amplitude, Then, when the movable plate 35 is moved in the horizontal direction H via the trigger pin 58 and the movable plate 35 exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement with respect to the fixed plate 34, as shown in FIG. The member 61 is disengaged in the horizontal direction H from the top surface 81 and contacts the bottom surface 41, whereby the trigger pin 58 is also disengaged in the horizontal direction H from the top surface 81 of the protruding surface 52 that confronts the lower surface and moves down to the lowered position. As a result, the connection of the viscous damper 21 to the upper structure 6 is released, the movable plate 35 is stopped at that position, and the damping operation is not performed. On the other hand, By moving the horizontal direction H, as shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface 65 of part 55 comes to face the lower surface 18 of the upper structure 6 at a site other than the recess 19. In the movement of the upper structure 6 in the horizontal direction H as shown in FIG. 5, the lead column 3 is sufficiently deformed. Movement will be preferably attenuated early.
[0027]
When the upper structure 6 displaced to the maximum beyond the predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H moves in the opposite direction in the horizontal direction H, the recess 19 passes through the upper surface 65 of the portion 55, and the upper surface 65 of the portion 55 In the horizontal direction H other than the recess 19, the lower surface 18 of the upper structure 6 is opposed at a portion opposite to the above. Hereinafter, when the vibration in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 caused by the earthquake decreases due to the damping due to the deformation of the lead column 3, and finally the recess 19 is stopped at the initial position shown in FIG. 51 is pulled by the coil spring 75, and with this pull, the sliding member 61 rides on the projection 80 and sits on the top surface 81 of the protruding surface 52, and the trigger pin mechanism 51 is also returned to the initial position shown in FIG. .
[0028]
When the trigger pin mechanism 51 returns to the initial position, the rolling member 66 comes into rolling contact with the lower surface 18, and the cylindrical portion 57 of the trigger pin 58 is inserted by the cylindrical portion 60 of the sliding member 61 to contract the elastic member 62. After the sliding member 61 is seated on the top surface 81, the elastic member 62 is extended, and the portion 55 is fitted into the recess 19 again. Thus, the return mechanism 23 operates the release mechanism 22 after the vibration exceeding the predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 disappears and the recess 19 is stopped at the initial position shown in FIG. It is undone. Tapered surface 20 guides portion 55 to facilitate refitting of portion 55 into recess 19.
[0029]
The above-described damping type seismic isolation building 1 includes an isolator 4 that operates to isolate the foundation 2 from vibration in the horizontal direction H due to the earthquake and a lead post 3 that attenuates the horizontal structure H of the upper structure 6. The upper structure 6 is supported on the foundation 2 via the seismic isolation device 5, and the upper structure 6 is releasably connected to the upper structure 6 via a trigger pin 58 of the release mechanism 22. And a trigger pin mechanism 51 of a trigger pin type which is connected via an anchor bolt or the like and releases the connection to the upper structure 6 when the upper structure 6 exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement relative to the foundation 2. And a vibration damping device 7 having a protruding surface 52. With respect to the vibration damping of the upper structure 6, with respect to a small vibration due to an earthquake, wind, traffic vibration, etc., which does not exceed a predetermined horizontal displacement, the vibration is generated by the lead column 3 Viscosity of damping device 7 The damper 21 and the damper 21 are operated together, and only a lead strut 3 is operated for a large vibration caused by an earthquake exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement. In the vibration damping type seismic isolation building 1, a trigger pin mechanism is provided. When the upper structure 6 exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement, the trigger pin 58 of the trigger pin mechanism 51 drops out of the recess 19 provided on the upper structure 6 side. Thus, the connection between the upper structure 6 and the vibration damping device 7 via the release mechanism 22 is released.
[0030]
By the way, when the seismic isolation layer only has an elasto-plastic damper (first vibration damping device) and the viscous damping constant (h) of the viscous damper (second vibration damping device) is zero (h = 0). Of high-rise seismic isolation building, the response acceleration of the superstructure due to wind (cm / sec) ² ) And a layer (floor), as shown by a curve a in FIG. 6, when the superstructure and the foundation are rigidly connected (non-seismic and shown by a curve b in FIG. 6). According to the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 of this example equipped with the vibration damping device 7, the vibration caused by the wind can be made extremely small as shown by the curve c, and the small vibration A damping device 7 can be used.
[0031]
That is, according to the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1, the vibration damping device 7 connected to the upper structure 6 and the foundation 2 exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement of the upper structure 6 relative to the foundation 2. The vibrating damper 21 of the vibration damping device 7 is operated together with the lead column 3 for a small vibration displacement by providing a release mechanism 22 for releasing the connection with the upper structure 6 by vibration. The viscous damper 21 of the damping device 7 can effectively attenuate even small vibrations caused by wind or the like at an early stage, and obtain a vibration damping effect in a strong wind. Since only the lead column 3 is operated, it is not necessary to make the stroke long so that the viscous damper 21 of the vibration damping device 7 can be operated even for a large vibration displacement. It can be used for viscous damper 21.
[0032]
In the above example, the trigger pin mechanism 51 may be manually returned to the initial position without providing the return mechanism 23.
[0033]
By the way, the vibration damping device 7 may be configured as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 instead of the above. That is, the viscous vibration damping device 7 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 includes the viscous damper 101 for attenuating the vibration in the horizontal direction H and the small vibration having a predetermined amplitude or less in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 due to strong wind or the like. By connecting the viscous damper 101 to the upper structure 6, the viscous damper 101 is operated together with the lead column 3 with respect to the vibration damping of the upper structure 6, and the predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 caused by an earthquake or the like. In the case of a large vibration exceeding ???, a release mechanism 102 for releasing the connection to the upper structure 6 is provided.
[0034]
The viscous damper 101 includes a disk-shaped resistance generator 111 serving as a movable plate, a container 113 having a cylindrical portion 112 surrounding the resistance generator 111, and a container 113 disposed in the cylindrical portion 112. The container 113 is fixed to the base 2 via anchor bolts or the like at its bottom plate 115 as a fixing plate.
[0035]
The resistance generator 111 arranged in the viscous body 114 and facing the bottom plate 115 of the container 113 with the gap 116 is viscously sheared by the movement in the horizontal direction H to the viscous body 114 arranged in the gap 116. Is generated, and the viscous shear deformation of the viscous body 114 generates a resistance force against the movement in the horizontal direction H, and thus the movement in the horizontal direction H is attenuated.
[0036]
The viscous damper 101 generates a damping force by causing a viscous shear deformation of the viscous body 114 existing in the gap 116 between the resistance generator 111 and the bottom plate 115 by moving the resistance generator 111 in the horizontal direction H. Thus, the movement of the resistance generator 111 in the horizontal direction H is attenuated, and thus the movement of the upper structure 6 in the horizontal direction H is attenuated.
[0037]
The release mechanism 102 is fixedly attached to the lower surface 16 of the office building 15 of the upper structure 6 with bolts or the like, and extends in a horizontal plane in one direction H1 in a pair of parallel rails 103 (only one is shown). A plurality of sliders 104 slidably fitted to the respective rails 103 and slidably fitted in the direction H1 and suspended by the rails 103; a movable plate 106 fixed to the sliders 104; And a pair of parallel rails 122 fixed to the lower surface 121 of the base plate by bolts or the like, connected to the slider 104 via the movable plate 106, and intersecting in a horizontal plane in the direction H1, in this example, extending in the orthogonal direction H2. And a plurality of sliders 1 slidably fitted to the pair of rails 122 in the direction H2 and frictionally joined and suspended from the rails 122. 3, a support plate 125 on which the plurality of sliders 123 are fixed on the upper surface to support the plurality of sliders 123, a support plate 125 fixed at one end to the support plate 125, and a support plate fixed at the other end to the resistance generator 111. The slider 123 is connected to the resistance generator 111 via the support plate 125 and the connection member 126.
[0038]
The rail 103 and the slider 104 serving as a pair of frictional joining members frictionally joined to each other are caused by the vibration of the viscous body 114 caused by the vibration of the upper structure 6 including the office building 15 in the horizontal direction H having a predetermined amplitude or less in the direction H1. The resistance generated by the resistance generator 111 due to the viscous shear deformation does not cause slippage between the resistance generators 111, but causes the resistance of the resistance generator 111 due to the vibration of the upper structure 6 exceeding the predetermined amplitude in the direction H1 in the horizontal direction H. The frictional force generated by the contact of the cylindrical member 111 with the cylindrical portion 112 makes frictional contact with each other with frictional resistance such that slippage occurs therebetween. Also, viscous shear deformation of the viscous body 114 occurs due to vibration of the upper structure 6 composed of the office building 15 in the horizontal plane with a predetermined amplitude or less in the direction H2. The resistance force generated in the resistance generator 111 does not cause slippage between each other, and the cylindrical portion of the resistance generator 111 due to the vibration of the upper structure 6 exceeding the predetermined amplitude in the horizontal direction H in the direction H2. The resistive force generated by the contact with the contact member 112 makes frictional contact with each other with frictional resistance such that slippage occurs between them. That is, when the rail 103 abuts against the cylindrical portion 112 of the resistance generator 111, the rail 103 slides in the direction H1 with respect to the slider 104 when a predetermined frictional joining force between the rail 103 and the slider 104 in the direction H1 is exceeded. The slider 123 also slides in the direction H2 with respect to the rail 122 when a predetermined frictional joining force in the direction H2 between the resistance generator 111 and the rail 122 in the direction H2 with the rail 122 is exceeded. ing.
[0039]
In the case of a vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 having the upper structure 6 and the vibration damping device 7 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 and having the upper structure 6 supported by the above-described seismic isolation device 5, As shown in FIG. 7, the resistance generator 111 is initially arranged at the center of the container 113. In this state, a strong wind is generated, and the upper structure 6 is vibrated in the direction H1 with respect to the foundation 2 by the shear deformation of the elastic layer 12 of the seismic isolation device 5, and the vibration is caused by the strong wind or the like. In the case of a small vibration equal to or less than the predetermined amplitude in the direction H1 of FIG. 6, the viscous damper 101 is connected to the upper structure 6 through friction between the pair of rails 103 and the slider 104, and as a result, the upper structure 6 The movement in the direction H1 is transmitted to the movable plate 106 via friction between the pair of rails 103 and the slider 104, and the movement in the direction H1 of the upper structure 6 transmitted to the movable plate 106 is transmitted to the pair of rails 122 and the slider 123, The resistance generator 111 is transmitted to the resistance generator 111 via the support plate 125 and the connecting member 126, whereby the resistance generator 111 is also moved in the direction H <b> 1 along with the movement of the upper structure 6 in the direction H <b> 1. The viscous body 31 in the gap 116 between the resistance generator 111 and the bottom plate 115 is subjected to viscous shear deformation by the movement of the body 111 in the direction H1, and the resistance of the viscous damper 101 due to the viscous shear deformation is reduced by the resistance generator. The vibration in the direction H1 of 111 is damped, and thus the vibration of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1 is damped. When the strong wind stops, the seismic isolation type building 1 is returned to the state shown in FIG. 7 by the return-to-origin function by the elastic layer 12 of the seismic isolation device 5, and the resistance generator 111 is also located at the center of the container 113. Will be returned.
[0040]
In the case where the upper structure 6 is vibrated in the direction H1 with respect to the foundation 2 due to the shear deformation of the elastic layer 12 of the seismic isolation device 5 due to the occurrence of an earthquake and the vibration exceeds a predetermined amplitude, the release mechanism is used. After the resistor 102 moves the resistance generator 111 in the direction H1 to a predetermined amplitude, as shown in FIG. 9, the resistance generator 111 comes into contact with the cylindrical portion 112 and the resistance generator 111 cannot move in the direction H1. While the viscous damper 101 cannot perform the damping operation for the vibration of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1, the viscous damper 101 slips between the pair of rails 103 and the slider 104, and the viscous damper 101 with respect to the upper structure 6 The connection is released, and the vibration of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1 is allowed without receiving the resisting force from the viscous damper 101 due to the viscous shear deformation. In the movement of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1, since the lead support 3 is sufficiently deformed, a large movement of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1 is preferably attenuated early by this deformation of the lead support 3. Become.
[0041]
When the upper structure 6 displaced to the maximum beyond the predetermined amplitude in the direction H1 moves in the direction H1 in the opposite direction, the resistance generator 111 is moved so that the contact with the cylindrical portion 112 is released. In addition, the connection of the viscous damper 101 to the upper structure 6 via friction between the pair of rails 103 and the slider 104 is restored, and the movement of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1 in the direction opposite to the above is transmitted to the movable plate 106. Thereby, the resistance generator 111 is also moved in the direction H1 of the upper structure 6 in the opposite direction to the above, and the upper structure 6 is moved while receiving the resistance force caused by the viscous shear deformation from the viscous damper 101. . When the resistance generator 111 comes into contact with the cylindrical portion 112 again by the movement in the opposite direction and the resistance generator 111 cannot move in the direction H1, a slip occurs between the pair of rails 103 and the slider 104, and the upper structure The connection of the viscous damper 101 to the viscous damper 6 is released again, and the vibration of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1 is allowed without receiving the resistive force from the viscous damper 101 due to viscous shear deformation. In the further movement of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1, since the lead support 3 is sufficiently deformed, a large movement in the direction H1 of the upper structure 6 in the opposite direction to the above is caused by this deformation of the lead support 3. It will be attenuated preferably early.
[0042]
Thereafter, the above operation is repeated, the amplitude of the upper structure 6 in the direction H1 gradually decreases, and when the resistance generator 111 stops contacting the cylindrical portion 112, the resistance of the upper structure 6 along with the vibration in the direction H1 is reduced. When the generator 111 is vibrated in the direction H1 and the earthquake stops, the upper structure 6 is returned to the state shown in FIG. 7 by the return-to-origin function by the elastic layer 12 of the seismic isolation device 5, while the resistance generator 111 is 7 in the direction H1 of the upper structure 6 after the last contact with the cylindrical portion 112.
[0043]
Even when the upper structure 6 is vibrated in the direction H2, the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is provided with the sliding and non-sliding between the pair of rails 122 and the slider 123. When the upper structure 6 is vibrated in a direction between the direction H1 and the direction H2 in the horizontal plane, sliding and non-sliding between the pair of rails 103 and the slider 104 are performed. The same operation as described above is performed by movement and sliding or non-sliding between the pair of rails 122 and the slider 123.
[0044]
The vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is also releasably connected to the upper structure 6 via the release mechanism 102, and connected to the foundation 2 via the container 113 and anchor bolts. And a vibration damping device 7 having a friction system release mechanism 102 for releasing the connection to the upper structure 6 when the upper structure 6 exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement relative to the foundation 2. With respect to the vibration damping of the structure 6, with respect to a small vibration caused by an earthquake, wind, traffic vibration or the like which does not exceed a predetermined horizontal displacement, the lead column 3 and the viscous damper 101 of the vibration damping device 7 are operated together to set a predetermined horizontal In response to a large vibration caused by an earthquake exceeding the displacement, only the lead column 3 is operated, and in the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the viscous damper 101 of the vibration damping device 7 is used. Is The frictional release mechanism 102 is connected to the upper structure 6 by a frictional force. When the frictional force exceeds a predetermined frictional force, the frictional system release mechanism 102 slides out to disconnect the upper structure 6 from the viscous damper 101 of the vibration damping device 7. It has become.
[0045]
As described above, even in the vibration-damping type seismic isolation building 1 including the vibration damping device 7 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the horizontal movement of the upper structure 6 due to the wind such as strong wind that cannot be expected to be damped by the deformation of the lead column 3. The small vibration in the direction H can be effectively attenuated at an early stage to obtain a vibration suppression effect at the time of a strong wind. Further, since a configuration for vibration exceeding a predetermined amplitude is not required, a small viscous damper 101 can be used. it can.
[0046]
In the vibration damping device 7 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, there is a possibility that the position of the resistance generator 111 after the earthquake has subsided may be changed variously, and the slider 104 may come off from the pair of rails 103 or from the pair of rails 122. Since there is a possibility that the slider 123 may come off, a stopper may be provided on each of the pair of rails 103 and 122 to prevent this.
[0047]
Further, the vibration damping device 7 may be configured as shown in FIG. 10 instead of the above. That is, the vibration damping device 7 shown in FIG. 10 is fixed to the upper mounting plate 181, the lower mounting plate 182, the upper mounting plate 181 on the upper end surface, and the lower mounting plate 182 on the lower end surface, respectively. A viscoelastic damper having a viscoelastic body 183 interposed between the plate 181 and the lower mounting plate 182 is provided. The upper mounting plate 181 is fixed to the lower surface of the office building 15 by bolts or the like. The lower mounting plate 182 is fixed to the foundation 2 via an anchor bolt or the like. In this manner, the upper mounting surface is connected to the upper structure 6 via the upper mounting plate 181 and bolts, and the lower mounting surface is connected to the foundation 2 at the lower end surface. The vibration damping device 7 having the viscoelastic body 183 connected to the lower mounting plate 182 and the anchor bolts or the like via the lower mounting plate 182 does not exceed the predetermined horizontal displacement. With respect to small vibration in the horizontal direction H of the upper structure 6 due to wind, traffic vibration, or the like, the viscoelastic body 183 is subjected to shear deformation to attenuate the vibration. In the vibration damping device 7 shown, when the upper structure 6 exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement, the viscoelastic body 183 itself is cut off, so that the connection between the upper structure 6 and the foundation 2 is released. The release mechanism is constituted by cutting the elastic body 183 itself.
[0048]
The vibration damping type seismic isolation building 1 having the vibration damping device 7 shown in FIG. 10 also has a vibration damping effect on the upper structure 6 with respect to a small vibration due to an earthquake, wind, traffic vibration or the like which does not exceed a predetermined horizontal displacement. The lead column 3 and the viscoelastic body 183 of the vibration damping device 7 are operated together, so that only the lead column 3 is operated for a large vibration caused by an earthquake exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement.
[0049]
As a vibration damping device in the seismic isolation device, a frictional vibration damping device using friction may be used instead of using the lead column 3. When the predetermined horizontal displacement is exceeded, the connection between the vibration damping device 7 and the foundation 2 may be released instead of the connection between the vibration damping device 7 and the upper structure 6.
[0050]
【The invention's effect】
Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, a vibration-damping type seismic isolation building that can effectively attenuate minute vibrations due to wind and the like early and obtain a vibration-damping effect at the time of strong wind, and that can use a small damping device and A vibration damping device used for this can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory front view of a preferred example of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the structural vibration damping device of the example shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an explanatory front view of another preferred example of the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII shown in FIG.
9 is an operation explanatory diagram of the example shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is an explanatory front view of still another preferred example of the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 damping type seismic isolation building
2 Basics
3 lead prop
4 Isolator
5 Seismic isolation device
6 Superstructure
7 Vibration damping device

Claims

The upper structure is supported on the lower structure through a seismic isolation device equipped with an isolator that operates to isolate the vibration from the earthquake and an elasto-plastic or friction-based first vibration damping device that dampens the vibration. A seismic isolation type building that is connected to the upper structure and the lower structure, and that when the upper structure exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement relative to the lower structure, A viscous second vibration damping device having a release mechanism for releasing the connection to at least one of the lower structures is provided, and the vibration or damping of the upper structure does not exceed a predetermined horizontal displacement. The first vibration damping device and the second vibration damping device are operated together for small vibrations such as traffic vibrations, and the first vibration damping device is used for large vibrations caused by an earthquake exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement. Only works Damping type seismic isolation building, characterized in that so as to.

The second vibration damping device includes a viscoelastic body fixed to the upper structure and the lower structure, and the release mechanism cuts the viscoelastic body itself when the upper structure exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement. The vibration-damping type base-isolated building according to claim 1, wherein the connection is released by the following.

The second vibration damping device includes a trigger pin-type release mechanism having a viscous damper and a trigger pin. The trigger pin-type release mechanism is configured to release the trigger pin when the upper structure exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement. 2. The vibration-damping type seismic isolation building according to claim 1, wherein the connection is released by dropping from a recess provided on the upper structure side.

The second vibration damping device includes a viscous damper and a friction system release mechanism, and is connected to one of the lower structure and the upper structure by a frictional force. 2. The vibration-damping type seismic isolation building according to claim 1, wherein the connection is released when the friction exceeds a predetermined frictional force.

Used for a vibration-isolated building that supports the upper structure on the lower structure through a seismic isolation device that performs seismic isolation operation and elasto-plastic or frictional system vibration damping operation against earthquake vibration A viscous vibration damping device for connecting to the upper structure and the lower structure, and when the upper structure relatively exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement with respect to the lower structure. It is provided with a release mechanism adapted to release the connection to at least one of the upper structure and the lower structure, with respect to vibration damping for the upper structure, for a small vibration not exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement. Is a vibration damping device that operates together with the seismic isolation device and activates only the seismic isolation device for large vibration exceeding a predetermined horizontal displacement.

A viscous body having a fixed plate, a movable plate disposed in a viscous body movably in a horizontal direction with a gap with respect to the fixed plate, and a viscous body disposed in a gap between the fixed plate and the movable plate. A damper is provided, and the release mechanism is movable in the vertical direction so as to fit into the recess of the upper structure in the ascending position, while releasing the fitting of the upper structure to the recess in the lowered position. It has a trigger pin connected to the movable plate, and a projection facing the lower surface of the trigger pin and arranged to arrange the trigger pin at an ascending position. 6. The vibration damping device according to claim 5, wherein when the movable plate exceeds a predetermined horizontal displacement, the movable plate is displaced from a protruding surface facing the lower surface thereof and disposed at a lowered position.

A fixed plate, a movable plate disposed in the viscous body movably in a horizontal direction with a gap with respect to the fixed plate, a viscous body disposed in a gap between the fixed plate and the movable plate, and surrounding the movable plate A viscous damper having an enclosing body, and the release mechanism includes a pair of first frictional joining members frictionally joined to each other, and a pair of second frictional joining members frictionally joined to each other. , One of the pair of first frictional joining members is adapted to be attached to the upper structure, and one of the pair of second frictional joining members is movable. A first frictional joining member of the pair of first frictional joining members and the other frictional joining member of the pair of second frictional joining members are interconnected to each other; One of the first frictional joining members of When the moving plate abuts on the surrounding body and exceeds a predetermined frictional joining force in one direction in a horizontal plane between the first frictional joining member and the other frictional joining member of the pair of first frictional joining members, the other frictional force is applied. It is designed to slide out with respect to the joining member, and one friction joining member of the pair of second friction joining members abuts on the surrounding body of the movable plate, and the other of the pair of second friction joining members. The method according to claim 5, wherein when a predetermined frictional joining force in another direction in a horizontal plane intersecting with one direction in the horizontal plane between the frictional joining member and a predetermined frictional joining force is exceeded, the frictional joining member slides out with respect to the other frictional joining member. The vibration damping device according to the above.