JP2004057696A - Heater using both heated air and radiation heat energy - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure with which even a small-sized bath is available as a sauna. <P>SOLUTION: In a heater, a radiation heating surface 6a is formed at the ceiling surface 4 of a treatment room 1. A duct-shaped air heating chamber 6b is formed behind this radiation heating surface 6a. Air is sucked into the air heating chamber 6b via one suction port. Heated air is jetted out via the other suction port to reach near the floor surface of the treatment room 1 and indirectly heats a subject by the convection of heated air (h). At the same time, radiation heat energy (r) from the radiation heating surface 6a is radiated around the subject to directly heat him. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
[Field of the Invention]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a bathroom having a heating element installed on a ceiling surface, particularly a bathroom / sauna apparatus which can provide a sauna effect by applying radiant heat energy to a human body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent single-family homes and condominiums, unit buses assembled into a predetermined structure are often used in order to easily construct construction efficiency and various accurate internal structures. Various types of unit buses have been proposed which are equipped with equipment of various designs, such as the size and shape of windows and shelves, the type of lighting, and the size and shape of mirrors.
[0003]
The location of the exhaust in the bathroom is often limited by the installation location of the unit bath, and the exhaust is provided by providing an exhaust fan on the wall surface or the ceiling surface. In addition, bathroom dryers in which an air heater is provided on a ceiling surface to blow hot air above the bathtub from the ceiling surface to dry suspended laundry while circulating in the room have become quite popular.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the bathroom dryer, a warm air blower is arranged on the ceiling to heat the room, but a sufficient heating effect is not obtained. The reason is the exhaust fan provided in the bathroom. Generally, an exhaust fan having a large exhaust amount is used in order to dry a bathroom quickly, and the exhaust fan is exhausted at a far greater number of times than a required number of times of ventilation.
[0005]
On the other hand, the warm air blower is installed in the ceiling part, and it is configured to suck indoor air from one side and blow out heating from the other side into the room. Will exist. Furthermore, the ventilation fan is installed on the ceiling or a wall surface close to the ceiling, and since the bathroom is small, the space between the warm air blower and the exhaust fan is relatively close, so that the specific gravity is warmed and the specific gravity is reduced. The air is easily short-passed, and the entire bathroom is not heated.
[0006]
Due to such various restrictions, even if the laundry is hung in the bathroom, it is rarely hit by the hot air. Therefore, the laundry hung on the rack may have a long time of 6 hours or more. Often, it does not dry to a crisp texture (water content is 6% or less), and wastes electricity bills.
[0007]
On the other hand, recently there has been an increasing number of cases where a small sauna device is installed at home next to a bathroom due to the health boom, but this sauna device blows out high-temperature steam into the bathroom to transfer the heat of this steam. Since the method of applying heat to the body to heat the human body is employed, sweating is not performed unless the steam supplied to the sauna room is maintained at a high temperature. However, when the bathroom is small, it is hard to breathe the high temperature in the bathroom, and there is a problem that it cannot be used comfortably like a large sauna device. For these reasons, there has been a problem in using the bathroom of an ordinary home or apartment as a sauna device as it is.
[0008]
By the way, a large-sized sauna apparatus uses a “high-temperature sauna” that fills or circulates high-temperature air at 100 ° C. to 110 ° C. into a room and a “medium-temperature sauna” at 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. The above-mentioned sauna device mainly heats the human body by the thermal energy of air, and therefore it is necessary to circulate hot air into the room.Therefore, this type of sauna device should be used for women, elderly people and children. Was difficult. When high-temperature warm air is circulated in the bathroom, if the temperature exceeds 60 ° C., wood materials such as flooring materials constituting the sauna room are thermally destroyed, so that only limited ones can be applied. .
[0009]
On the other hand, the inventor of the present invention proposes Japanese Patent No. 2808443 as a small sauna device. In this sauna device, a heating device having a duct behind the ceiling is arranged, and indoor air is sucked from one of the heating devices. Then, while heating this and injecting it into the room from the other, reaching it near the floor of the bathroom and circulating in the room, further generating a large amount of radiant heat from the heating plate provided on the ceiling surface, The radiant heat is radiated while the hot air is circulated and heated in the room to heat the human body with both heat energies.
[0010]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus configured to provide a small bathroom with a sauna function and a high-speed drying chamber function by utilizing the features of the small sauna apparatus.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The heating device according to the present invention for achieving the above object, which uses both heated air and radiant energy, is configured as follows.
[0012]
1) A radiant heating surface is formed on the ceiling surface of the processing chamber, and a duct-shaped air heating chamber is formed behind the radiant heating surface, air is sucked into the air heating chamber from one intake port, and heated air is supplied from the other. The heating target is indirectly heated by convection of heated air while radiating the radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface to the heating target. It is characterized by direct heating.
[0013]
2) A bathtub and a washing place are provided in the room, a radiant heating surface is formed on the ceiling surface, and a duct-shaped air heating room is formed behind the radiant heating surface, and air is sucked into the air heating room from one intake port. , The heated air is ejected from the other side so as to reach the vicinity of the floor of the room, the heated air is indirectly heated by the heated air, and the radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is directly radiated. It is characterized by heating.
[0014]
3) The temperature of the heated air circulating in the room is equal to or higher than the body temperature of the human body plus 5 ° C., and the calorific value of the radiant heating surface is set to 500 W or more per square meter.
[0015]
The radiant heating surface has a concave surface, and is formed so that radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is concentrated in the processing chamber.
[0016]
4) The radiation heating surface is formed in a parabolic shape.
[0017]
It is characterized in that the radiant heating surface is constituted by a metal plate having a plurality of ceramic layers formed on the surface.
[0018]
5) The sauna device according to the present invention has a radiant heating surface on the ceiling surface of the processing chamber and a duct-shaped air heating room behind the radiant heating surface, and air is supplied from one intake port into the air heating chamber. The air is sucked, and the heated air is ejected from the other side so as to reach the vicinity of the floor of the processing chamber. The heated air is sucked into the air heating chamber and reaches the vicinity of the floor of the processing chamber. The heated object is heated indirectly by convection of the heated air, and radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is radiated to the heated object to directly heat the heated object. The sweating index of the atmosphere in the processing chamber is adjusted to 110 to 125.
[0019]
(About sweat index)
As an example of the operation state of the high-temperature sauna device, the room temperature is about 100 ° C. to 110 ° C. and the humidity is low such as about 0% to 3%.
[0020]
Therefore, when the "discomfort index" is calculated by the following formula at a room temperature of 100 ° C., the humidity is 127 at 0%, 130 at 3%, and 131 at 5%. The discomfort index in normal life is at most 100%. According to a study by the present inventors, when this value exceeds 110%, this value indicates a condition for effectively sweating in the sauna apparatus. Therefore, in the present invention, this numerical value is defined as "sweating index", and the sweating index for suitably sweating is about 127 to 131.
[0021]
Discomfort index = 0.81 + 0.01H (0.99t-14.3) + 46.3
t: Celsius temperature (° C) H: Humidity (%)
The conditions for obtaining the “sweating index” in which the discomfort index exceeds 110% with the heating device according to the present invention, preferably the sauna device, are as follows.
[0022]
Assuming that the temperature of the heating room, bathroom, or sauna room is, for example, 60 ° C. and the relationship between the humidity and the perspiration index is obtained, the humidity is 122 at 60%, 126 at 70%, and 130 at 80%. . When the temperature is 50 ° C., the humidity is 113 at 75% and 115 at 80%.
[0023]
However, simply setting the temperature and humidity of the air circulating in the bathroom as described above cannot provide sufficient heat energy to the human body. Therefore, in the present invention, a human body or the like is heated by assisting thermal energy by far infrared rays in addition to circulating air. According to experiments by the inventor and the like, it has been found that the temperature at which the user does not feel cold when receiving the flow of air may be 5 ° C. or more than the body temperature.
[0024]
The present invention uses combined heating of indirect heating by hot air and radiant heat energy by radiant heat, and a preferable ratio of both may be considered to be about 50,50.
[0025]
If the temperature of the heated air circulating in the bathroom is 50 ° C. to 60 ° C., the human body cannot be sufficiently heated in a short time as in the case of a high-temperature sauna device. That is, in the case of a high-temperature sauna apparatus, sweating is sufficiently performed in about 5 to 20 minutes, but in the case of a low-temperature sauna apparatus to which the present invention is applied, the time needs to be increased to 20 to 40 minutes depending on the temperature difference. is there.
[0026]
It is a very advantageous condition that the sauna effect can be obtained at a low temperature of about 50 to 60 ° C. as in the present invention, and is a normal bathroom, particularly a small bathroom such as a unit bath, or a small shower having an area smaller than that. The sauna effect can be obtained even in the room.
[0027]
The temperature at which the minimum sauna effect is obtained does not feel cold even if the sauna room is heated to a temperature of 5 ° C. or more, for example, about 47 ° C. from the body temperature. However, when the temperature is too low, there is a problem that it takes a long time to apply a predetermined amount of heat to the human body, and it is difficult to obtain a burning feeling of the body.
[0028]
The bathroom-type sauna apparatus according to the present invention requires that the indirect heating by circulating hot air and the thermal energy of far-infrared rays from the radiant heating surface be used in combination. Can be handled. Therefore, by utilizing this feature, the heat energy can be concentrated at a predetermined position, specifically, the human body.
[0029]
Therefore, the present invention takes advantage of this characteristic of radiant heat conduction to concentrate heat radiation energy due to far infrared rays on the human body, that is, to radiate heat to a concave surface, a parabolic concave surface, an elliptical concave surface, etc. By forming the surface, it is possible to more effectively apply heat energy to an object to be heated such as a human body or laundry.
[0030]
In order to carry out the present invention, a place capable of providing humidity is required. As a result, a predetermined humidity can be given to the heated air, and an optimum sweating index can be obtained. In the present invention, an air heating chamber and a radiant heating surface (apparatus) are preferably provided in a particularly small bathroom, preferably a unit bath, and a shower room or the like which can supply moisture to air to adjust humidity is suitable. I have.
[0031]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0032]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a unit bath type bathroom, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view. A room 1 (bathroom) partitioned into a box is provided with a door 2, windows (not shown) and exhaust fans (not shown). Further, a bathtub 3 is provided on one side of the room 1. Further, a washing place 3a is formed beside the bathtub 3. Further, a shower 10 and a faucet 11 are provided in the washing place 3a. The shower 10 can of course spray ordinary thin water, but it is preferable that the shower 10 can spray water in a mist state.
[0033]
The ceiling surface 4 of the room 1 having this structure is divided into two parts, one of which is formed on a kamaboko-shaped ceiling 5 and the other on which a heated ceiling 6 is formed. The heating ceiling 6 has a radiation plate (a kind of concave mirror) 6a formed on a concave surface and emitting far infrared rays by heating, and a duct-shaped air heating chamber 6b formed behind the radiation plate.
[0034]
An air inlet 6c is opened at one side of the air heating chamber 6b, and a jet port 6d is opened at the other side. Air a in the room 1 is sucked from the air inlet 6c by a fan 6e, and the radiation plate 6a is closed. It is configured to be heated by a heating element (a sheathed heater or a planar heater) provided behind to be heated air h and to be ejected from the ejection port 6d to the vicinity of the floor of the washing place 3a and circulated.
[0035]
The heating radiation plate 6a constituting the heating ceiling 6 has a function of radiating a large amount of far infrared rays r when heated. As shown in FIG. 3, a sheath heater is provided on the back of a metal plate 7a such as an aluminum plate or an iron plate. A fixture 7c (a kind of bracket) is fixed to 7b by welding, and a ceramic layer 7d is formed on the lower surface. The sheathed heater 7b has a sheath in which a nichrome wire and an insulator are sealed, and is suitable for high-temperature heat generation such as burning. However, another type may be used.
[0036]
Further, a guide plate 7e is arranged with a space k for forming warm air at a distance d above the radiation plate 6a. The guide plate 7e assists heating while air passes through the duct-shaped air heating chamber 6b. The guide plate 7e has a large number of holes 7f, and fins 7g are provided below the holes 7f. The one that is raised and the one that just has a hole are arranged all over. When air passes through the surface of the guide plate 7e (air heating chamber 6b), a part of the air is introduced into the space k and heated by the heat of the sheath heater 7b, and the other holes (holes without fins) are heated. From the main body) again into the air heating chamber 6b. Further, the distance d of the space k between the radiation plate 6a and the guide plate 7e is adjusted by an adjusting member (not shown) to adjust the transfer of heat between the sheathed heater 7b and the air to adjust the flow of the hot air h. It is configured so that the temperature can be adjusted.
[0037]
As shown in FIG. 4, the radiation plate 6a has a ceramic layer 7d formed on the lower surface of a metal plate 7a (aluminum plate) by plasma spraying. The ceramic layer 7d is formed of a plurality of layers made of titanium oxide T and aluminum oxide Al.
[0038]
The ceramic layer 7d has a function of converting the heat energy received by the metal plate 7a from the heater 7b into a wavelength easily absorbed by the human body, and a function of forcibly transferring the heat energy into the room 1 (bathroom). Those having high radiant energy (high wavelength) such as titanium oxide on the high temperature side in contact with the metal plate, and high radiant energy (long wavelength) on the indoor side at a lower temperature than the titanium oxide such as aluminum oxide on the indoor side Things are stacked.
[0039]
The laminated structure (order) of the ceramic layers is extremely important, and heat energy received by adopting this structure is converted into radiant energy and radiated in large quantities to the indoor side. Although only two types of titanium oxide and aluminum oxide are illustrated in this embodiment, other materials may be used as long as they meet the above conditions.
[0040]
The present invention is characterized in that part or all of the ceiling surface 4 of the room 1 (bathroom) is formed in a concave arc surface, preferably a curved surface such as a parabolic surface. A radiation plate 6a is provided on the upper surface of the washing place 3a, and has a concave cross section, specifically, a kamaboko shape. The portion to be formed on the concave curved surface requires the heat radiating plate 6a, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the radiation r emitted from the radiating plate 6a is concentrated at the center of the washing place 3a where people are present. ing.
[0041]
By concentrating the radiant energy in the washing place 3a in this manner, a large sauna effect is given to the human body even with a small amount of radiant energy. Can be given.
[0042]
The present invention is characterized in that the heat radiating plate 6a is formed into a concave curved surface, but it is preferable to limit the direction of the concave surface depending on the structure of the bathroom. When the heating element is provided on the entire ceiling surface 4 or in a state close to the ceiling surface 4, it is preferable to form the heating element in a shape like a large concave mirror or "parabola". This concave shape does not need to be formed on an accurate surface so as to handle radio waves and light, and it is sufficient that a large amount of radiant energy r is concentrated on the washing place 3a. A dome shape is recommended.
[0043]
FIGS. 5A and 5B show a heating radiation surface 6p having a rectangular planar shape and an oval concave curved surface continuously formed on the bathtub 3 and the ceiling of the washing place 3a. The bathroom having this structure is preferably configured as a bathroom in which a washing place is provided in connection with a bathtub.
[0044]
FIGS. 6A and 6B show a plan view in which the plane is a quadrangle, a portion excluding a corner is formed in a circular shape, and this circular portion is formed on a heating radiation surface 6q which is a parabolic concave curved surface. Since the heating radiation surface 6q has an effect of concentrating radiant heat energy at the central portion, the human body can be efficiently warmed. In the apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. 6, the bathroom according to the present invention has a heating radiation plate 6a provided in a concave shape on the ceiling surface, and an air heating chamber 6b formed behind the heating radiation plate 6a to supply air in the room 1 with the heating radiation plate 6a. Since it is circulated while being heated, far-infrared rays are radiated from the radiating plate 6a while maintaining the inside of the room 1 at the optimal temperature of about 50 ° C. to 60 ° C. in the sauna apparatus, and the humidity of this room is about 70% to 80%. Since the far-infrared ray generated from the radiation plate 6a is injected into the human body while maintaining the indoor temperature with low-temperature air by maintaining the temperature in the room, it is possible to obtain a sauna effect equivalent to that of a normal sauna device at low temperature. it can.
[0045]
On the other hand, this sauna device can exert a great effect also as a bathroom dryer. That is, while the exhaust fan 12 is slightly rotated to perform the minimum necessary exhaust, the air h heated in the air heating chamber 6b behind the heating radiating plate 6a is heated over almost the entire height of the chamber 1. h is ejected to heat the laundry and a large amount of radiant heat energy is radiated from the heating radiation plate 6a toward the washing place 3a, so that the laundry can be dried quickly.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
A heating device using both heated air and radiant heat energy according to the present invention forms a radiant heating surface on the ceiling surface of the processing chamber, and a duct-shaped air heating chamber behind the radiant heating surface, from one intake port. Air is sucked into the air heating chamber, and heated air is ejected from the other side so as to reach the vicinity of the floor of the processing chamber, and the object to be heated is indirectly heated by convection of the heated air. The radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is radiated to the object to be heated to directly heat the object.
[0047]
Therefore, even though it is a normal small bathroom or shower room or similar small room, a large amount of thermal energy can be applied to the human body as an efficient low-temperature sauna by indirect heating by heated air and direct driving by radiant heating. Since it can be used as a high-speed drying device, the laundry can be quickly dried in the bathroom.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a unit bus to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a lower structure of an air heating chamber.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a metal plate having a plurality of ceramic layers formed on a surface constituting a radiation plate.
5A is a cross-sectional view showing the front of the ceiling structure of the bathroom, and FIG.
FIG. 6A is a sectional view showing a ceiling structure of a bathroom, and FIG. 6B is a plan view thereof.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which the sauna effect is increased by mutual radiation.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Room (Processing Room) 2 Door 3 Bathtub 3a Washing Room 4 Ceiling Surface 5 Kamaboko-shaped Ceiling 6 Heating Ceiling 6a Radiant Heating Plate (Reward Heating Surface) 6b Air Heating Room 7a Metal Plate 7b Seeds Heater 7c Fixing Tool 7d Ceramic Layer 7e Guide Board 7f Hole 7g Fin 10 Shower 11 Rinse

Claims (7)

A radiant heating surface is formed on the ceiling surface of the processing chamber, and a duct-shaped air heating chamber is formed behind the radiant heating surface, air is sucked into the air heating chamber from one intake port, and heated air is supplied from the other to the processing chamber. The heating target is indirectly heated by convection of the heated air, and the radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is radiated to the heating target directly. A heating device using both heated air and radiant heat energy, characterized in that the heating is performed in a selective manner. A bathtub and a washing place are provided in the room, a radiant heating surface is formed on the ceiling surface, and a duct-shaped air heating room is formed behind the radiant heating surface. More heated air is ejected so as to reach the vicinity of the floor of the room, the heated air is heated indirectly by the heated air, and the radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is radiated and directly heated. A heating apparatus using the heated air and radiant heat energy according to claim 1 together. 2. The heating air and radiant heat according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heating air circulating in the room is equal to or higher than the temperature of the human body plus 5 [deg.] C., and the calorific value of the radiant heating surface is set to 500 W or more per square meter. Heating device that uses energy. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the radiant heating surface is formed in a concave shape, and the radiant heat energy from the radiant heating surface is concentrated in the processing chamber. . A heating device using both heated air and radiant heat energy, wherein the radiant heating surface is formed in a parabolic shape. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the radiant heating surface is formed of a metal plate having a plurality of ceramic layers formed on a surface thereof. A radiant heating surface is formed on the ceiling surface of the processing chamber, and a duct-shaped air heating chamber is formed behind the radiant heating surface, air is sucked into the air heating chamber from one intake port, and heated air is supplied from the other to the processing chamber. The air is blown so as to reach the vicinity of the floor, and the heated air is sucked into the air heating chamber and is blown so as to reach the vicinity of the floor of the processing chamber. And an apparatus for indirectly heating the object to be heated by convection of heated air, radiating radiant heat energy from the radiation heating surface to the object to be heated, and directly heating the object. The sweating index is adjusted to 110 to 125. A sauna apparatus using both heated air and radiant heat energy.

Images