JP2003326239A - Waste treatment apparatus and waste treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste treatment apparatus and a waste treatment method for producing a reformed gas having a comparatively high calory by heating, vaporizing and volume-reducing combustible waste. <P>SOLUTION: This waste treatment apparatus is provided with a waste introducing means (17) for introducing combustible waste downward into a reaction zone (20) of a reactor (10) from above and a steam introducing means (18) for jetting steam of 1,000°C or above toward the zone (20). A burning means (12) is arranged so that a complete combustion flame (12b) is jetted sideways toward the zone (20) from the outer peripheral area of the zone (20). High- temperature steam is jetted from the means (18) so that the jetted steam is contacted/mixed with the combustible waste vaporized and volume-reduced by the flame (12b), and a heavy hydrocarbon contained in the vaporized gas and mist produced by vaporizing oily waste is reformed into a light hydrocarbon by the jetted steam. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus and a waste treatment method, and more specifically,
The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus and a waste treatment method for vaporizing and reducing the volume of waste by direct contact mixing with a high-temperature and high-speed combustion flame or combustion gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is known an oil-containing sludge disposal system including a jet burner capable of injecting supersonic and high-speed flame jets (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-275897).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2483, Japanese Patent No. 2537018
Etc.).

The oil-containing sludge treatment system of this system is
As illustrated in FIG. 7, it mainly comprises a sludge tank A, a reactor C, a separator D, a condenser G and an incinerator K. The sludge tank A stores oil-containing sludge such as petroleum sludge or waste oil sludge, and the oil-containing sludge lump in the tank is supplied to the reactor C by the screw feeder M. Hydrocarbon-based fuel such as kerosene or methane gas is supplied to the base portion B1 of the jet burner B by the fuel supply passage S1, and oxidant such as compressed air is supplied to the base portion B1 by the combustion air supply pipe S2. The cooling water for cooling the high temperature portion of the jet burner B is the cooling water supply pipe T1 and the base portion B1.
And a cooling water circulation circuit including the cooling water return pipe T2.

A high-temperature and high-speed flame jet injected from the tip (lower end) of the jet burner B crushes the oil-containing sludge agglomerates discharged from the screw feeder M into the reaction zone, and vaporizes the water and oil content in the oil-containing sludge. A high temperature mixture containing oil vapor, water vapor, oil mist, solids and combustion gas is generated in the reactor C, flows out from the upper part of the reaction zone to the gas duct L1, and is separated into the first separator D1 and the gas duct L2.
After flowing through the second separator D2, the gas duct L3, and the condenser G, it is introduced into the incinerator K by the blower F of the gas duct L4. The separators D1 and D2 separate and collect the solid content in the air-fuel mixture by a centrifugal separation method or the like, and the condenser G cools the air-fuel mixture to recover the oil content and the water content in the air-fuel mixture. The gas cooled by the condenser G is discharged from the condenser G under the pressure of the blower F, is fed to the incinerator K by the gas duct L4, and is incinerated by the combustion device (burner) K1 of the incinerator K.

[0005]

According to such a conventional waste treatment system, the oil-containing sludge lumps are pulverized by the high-temperature and high-speed complete combustion flame (flame jet) of the jet burner to vaporize and reduce the oil-containing sludge. The oil content of the oil-containing sludge can be recovered in the centrifugal separation process and the condensation process of the air-fuel mixture, while it is contained and rendered pollution-free.

However, in order to efficiently extract useful combustible components in oil-containing sludge, the system becomes complicated and
Since it is difficult to efficiently recover the combustible components that can be effectively used, solids and oils separated by the separator and the condenser are generally only landfilled or incinerated. Further, the gas from which the solid content and the oil content have been removed has a low calorific value, and therefore is normally incinerated as a low-calorie gas.

As another method, it may be considered to adopt the constitution of a fixed bed type waste treatment system, but in this case, the contact efficiency of the oil-containing sludge and the combustion gas is lowered and the treatment capacity is limited. It may also be considered that a fluidized bed type waste treatment system configuration is adopted to slightly improve the contact efficiency and treatment capacity, but there is a limit to improving the mixed contact efficiency of oil-containing sludge and combustion gas. However, it is very difficult to effectively recover the combustible components in the oil-containing sludge that can be effectively used.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to heat so-called combustible waste such as oil-containing sludge to vaporize / reduce volume, vaporize /
Waste treatment device capable of converting heavy hydrocarbons in a gas mixture such as vaporized gas and mist (oil vapor) generated in the volume reduction process into light hydrocarbons to generate reformed gas of relatively high calorie And to provide a waste treatment method.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reactor equipped with a combustion means for injecting a high-temperature and high-speed complete combustion flame into a reaction zone, and a flame of the combustion means. And a waste introduction means for introducing the combustible waste into the reaction zone of the reactor so as to be directly mixed with the combustion gas, and the waste for reducing the volume and vaporizing the combustible waste by the complete combustion flame. In the treatment device, the waste combustible waste is provided from the upper part of the reactor downward into the reaction zone, and a steam introducing means for injecting high temperature steam of 1000 ° C. or higher into the reaction zone is provided. The combustion means is oriented so as to laterally inject the flame from the outer peripheral region of the reaction zone into the reaction zone, and forms a reforming zone on the lower side of the flame. Vaporization / volume reduction The high temperature steam is injected into the combustible waste so that the high temperature steam is contact-mixed, and the heavy hydrocarbon contained in the vaporized gas and mist generated by the vaporization of the combustible waste is lightened by the high temperature steam. Disclosed is a waste treatment device.

According to the above-mentioned constitution of the present invention, the combustible waste and the complete combustion flame cross-collide with each other in the reaction zone to directly contact with each other, and the combustible waste is instantly vaporized and reduced in volume. The heavy hydrocarbons contained in the vaporized gas and mist produced by the vaporization of the waste are contact-mixed with the high temperature steam and converted into light hydrocarbons. The vaporized gas (reformed gas) reformed by high-temperature steam is supplied to a combustion facility or an internal combustion engine outside the system as a relatively high-calorie reformed gas having an increased caloric value. The thermal energy possessed by the combustible component can be recovered or reused.

The present invention also introduces the combustible waste into the reaction zone of the reactor and injects a high temperature and high velocity complete combustion flame into the reaction zone to burn the combustible waste into the complete combustion flame and combustion. In a waste treatment method in which the combustible waste is reduced in volume and vaporized by direct contact mixing with gas and the complete combustion flame, the combustible waste is introduced into the reaction zone downward from the upper part of the reactor, The complete combustion flame is laterally jetted from the outer peripheral region of the reaction zone toward the central region of the reaction zone, and the flame cross-collides with the combustible waste to vaporize and reduce the volume of the combustible waste. , 1000 ° C
Injecting high temperature steam heated above to the reaction zone,
The steam is contact-mixed with the combustible waste vaporized and reduced in volume by the complete combustion flame, and the heavy hydrocarbon contained in the vaporized gas and mist generated by the vaporization of the combustible waste is lightened by the vapor. And a reformed gas having an increased caloric value is produced.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Although the use of steam is effective for reforming a material to be treated, steam contained in a normal combustion gas has a high temperature, but its concentration is too low. Although the concentration is high in the steam generated by,
The temperature is too low. Therefore, high temperature and high concentration are necessary conditions for reaction control of this system. That is, the system of the present invention has a steam temperature of 10
The temperature is higher than 00 ℃, and the air /
A particularly remarkable effect is exhibited when the water vapor is injected at a rate of 20% to 100%. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reactor comprises a vertical reaction vessel having a circular cross section, and the waste introduction means is a waste for discharging a combustible waste from a central portion of the reactor. The combustion means is composed of a plurality of high-speed jet burners arranged at predetermined angular intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the reactor. Each high velocity jet burner is oriented to inject a flame from the mid-height portion of the reactor toward the center of the reaction zone. A reforming zone is formed below the flame jet to mix the vaporized gas, mist and hot steam to reform the vaporized gas. The flame of the high-speed jet burner is jetted at an angular interval from the outer peripheral wall of the reactor, and a flow region where the reformed gas in the reforming region can rise is formed during the flame. Preferably, the water vapor introduction means has a water vapor injection port arranged around the introduction port of the combustible waste. A flow region of high temperature steam and vaporized gas in which the flow momentum of the flame of the high-speed jet burner does not substantially act is formed during the flame, and combustible waste and high temperature steam fall from the flow region to the bottom reaction zone, In the reforming zone (bottom reaction zone), the vaporized gas of the combustible waste is catalytically mixed with the vaporized gas to reform the vaporized gas, and the vaporized gas and mist after the reforming rise in the flow zone.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam introducing means is a steam injection for injecting high temperature steam from the outer peripheral wall of the reactor to the bottom reaction zone (reforming zone) below the high-speed jet burner. The hot steam that has a port and is sprayed by the spray port is in contact with the vaporized gas and mist of the combustible waste in the bottom reaction zone.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, the steam introducing means has a steam injection port for injecting the high temperature steam from the outer peripheral wall of the reactor at substantially the same level as the high speed jet burner. The high temperature steam injected from the injection port comes into contact with the vaporized gas and mist of the combustible waste.

Preferably, the reactor is provided with a hemispherical bottom wall, and a gas outlet for letting out the reformed gas that has risen from the reaction zone is provided in the upper portion of the reaction zone. The solid components in the reformed gas derived from the upper part of the reaction zone are removed by a separator such as a cyclone separator, and the mist, oil vapor and steam in the reformed gas are condensed by the cooling action of the condenser and modified. Removed from quality gas.

[0016]

1 is a system flow chart showing the overall construction of a waste treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic longitudinal sectional views of the reactor shown in FIG. FIG.

The waste treatment device comprises a reactor 10, a cyclone separator 50, a condenser 60, a blower 70 and a steam heating device 80, and a flammable sludge introduction passage S1 and a steam supply passage S2 are provided in the reactor 10. It is connected to the raw material introducing unit 11. The reactor 10, the separator 50, the condenser 60, and the blower 70 are connected in series by gas ducts L1, L2, and L3, and the blower 60 is connected to a combustion facility or a power generation facility outside the system via the gas duct L4. .

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the reactor 10 comprises:
It consists of a hollow vertical reaction vessel in which the top and bottom of the cylindrical outer peripheral wall 15 are closed by a circular top wall 13 and a hemispherical bottom wall 14. A reaction zone 20 having a circular cross section with a uniform diameter is formed between the top wall 13 and the bottom wall 14, and a hemispherical bottom reaction zone 25 constituting a hydrocarbon reforming zone is formed by the bottom wall 14. It is formed under 20. Top wall 13 and bottom wall 1
The outer peripheral wall 4 and the outer peripheral wall 15 have an integrated structure in which a metal forming plate coated with a fireproof / heat insulating material is integrally assembled, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor (not shown) are arranged at appropriate positions in the reactor 10. .

The raw material introducing section 11 has a double pipe structure composed of a combustible sludge supply pipe 17 communicating with the combustible sludge introducing passage S1 and an annular steam injection pipe 18 communicating with the steam supplying passage S2. The combustible sludge supply pipe 17 is arranged in the center of the circular top wall 13, and the steam injection pipe 18 is arranged concentrically outside the combustible sludge supply pipe 17.
The combustible sludge supply pipe 17 and the steam injection pipe 18 penetrate the top wall 13 and open at the upper part of the reaction zone 20. The inlet 17a of the combustible sludge supply pipe 17 has a water vapor injection pipe 1
8 is slightly lower than the injection port 18a.

The outer peripheral wall 15 has a predetermined angle Θ (1 in this example).
A plurality (three in this example) of high-speed jet burners 12 are attached at angular intervals of 20 degrees. The high-speed jet burners 12 are arranged at the same level on the outer peripheral wall 15. Preferably, the total height H of the reactor 10 and the total height of the outer peripheral wall (reaction zone 20
H1), bottom wall height (bottom reaction zone 25 height) H
2, and the height position H3 of the high-speed jet burner 12 is
It is set in the following range.

[0021] H1 / H ≧ 1/2 H2 / H ≦ 1/2 H3 / H ≦ 3/4 H3 ≧ H2

Each high-speed jet burner 12 is connected to a fuel supply pipe S3 for supplying a hydrocarbon fuel such as kerosene, and a combustion air supply pipe S4 capable of supplying compressed air.
Connected to. Fuel supply pipe S3 and combustion air supply pipe S
4 is a fuel control valve and an air control valve (not shown) for controlling the supply amount and supply timing of the hydrocarbon fuel and compressed air.
Is installed. The cooling water supply pipe and the cooling water return pipe (not shown) are connected to the high-speed jet burner 12, and the cooling water is fed under the control of the cooling water control valve (not shown).
Circulate in the hot part of.

Each high-speed jet burner 12 has a jet nozzle 1
2a is oriented horizontally toward the center of the reactor 10, and the injection nozzle 12a injects a flame jet 12b in the radial and horizontal directions of the reactor 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the flame region 22 influenced by the flow momentum of the flame jet 12b, the injection pressure, or the like is divided into reaction regions 2 at intervals of an angle Θ.
Formed to zero. Between the flame regions 22, there is formed a flow region 23 which is hardly affected by the flow momentum of the flame jet 12b or the injection pressure and which does not substantially act on them.

The mixed air flow outlet 27 is arranged at the upper end of the outer peripheral wall 15, and the upstream end of the gas duct L1 is connected to the mixed air flow outlet 27. The downstream end of the gas duct L1 is connected to the upper inlet 51 of the cyclone separator 50. The cyclone separator 50 is composed of an outer cylinder part 52, a conical part 53 and a dust bunker 54, and a swirling flow of air-fuel mixture is formed in the outer cylinder part 52 and the conical part 53. The coarse particles in the air-fuel mixture are separated by the centrifugal action of the swirling flow and collected in the dust bunker 54, and the air stream from which the coarse particles have been separated is sent from the upper outlet 55 to the gas duct L2.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing the structure of the steam heating device 80. The steam heating device 80 is shown in FIG.
The operation mode shown in FIG. 4 and the operation mode shown in FIG. 4B are alternately executed every predetermined time (for example, 30 to 60 seconds).

The steam heating device 80 comprises a heating furnace body 88,
A four-way valve 87 and switching control valves 85 and 86 are provided. The heating furnace body 88 has a pair of left and right honeycomb heat storage bodies 81, a combustion chamber 82, a combustion air discharge portion 83, and a fuel injection nozzle 84. Air and fuel in the combustion air supply passage SA and the fuel supply passage SF are alternately supplied from the air discharge portion 83 and the fuel injection nozzle 84 to one of the combustion chambers 82 under the control of the control valves 85 and 86, and the comparison is made. Low temperature (100-200
(° C.) Steam is fed from the steam generator of the conventional structure to the steam supply path LS, and the heat storage body 81 is controlled under the control of the four-way valve 87.
Are alternately supplied. The high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 82 heats the heat storage body 81, and then is exhausted from the exhaust passage EA and the exhaust flow passage EG under the exhaust attraction pressure of the exhaust fan 89. The low temperature steam is distributed through the distribution path L1 or L
2 is supplied to the high-temperature heat storage body 81, is in heat transfer contact with the heat storage body 81, and is heated to a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, preferably 1200 ° C. or higher, and then flows out to the steam supply path S2, where the reactor 10 It is supplied to the raw material introduction part 11 (FIG. 1).

Next, the operation of the waste treatment device will be described. Flammable sludge lump 1 is flammable sludge introduction path S1
Through the combustible sludge supply pipe 17 continuously.
The flammable sludge agglomerate 1 is discharged or dropped into the reaction zone 20 from the lower end opening (inlet) 17a of the flammable sludge supply pipe 17. The high-temperature steam heated to 1000 ° C. or higher, preferably 1200 ° C. or higher by the steam heating device 80 is used as the lower end opening (injection port) 18 a of the steam injection pipe 18.
Is injected downward into the reaction zone 20.

The hydrocarbon fuel and the compressed air are supplied from the fuel supply pipe S3 and the combustion air supply pipe S4 to each high-speed jet burner 12, and the high-speed jet burner 12 causes the high-speed and high-temperature flame jet 12b to react in the reaction region. 20 is injected horizontally and radially. The flame characteristics of the flame jet 12b are, for example, an injection pressure of 5.5 to 6 kg / cm ² , and an injection speed of about 120.
The temperature is set to 0 m / s and the core temperature is set to about 1300 to 2000 ° C. The air-fuel ratio (mixing ratio of air and hydrocarbon-based fuel) of the high-speed jet burner 12 is set to a reaction zone 20 in which a complete combustion flame (flame jet) in which residual oxygen is not substantially present in the combustion gas is used.
Are set to form.

The flammable sludge lump 1 that has fallen into the reaction zone 20 descends while diffusing slightly outward in the reaction zone 20 and cross-collides with the flame jet 12a. The flammable sludge lump 1 that has cross-collided with the high-speed and high-temperature flame jet 12a changes into a spray-like and fine-particle form and diffuses, and the water content in the flammable sludge lump 1 is vaporized as superheated steam to form a flammable sludge lump. The oil component in 1 is vaporized or thermally decomposed. The solid content of the flammable sludge, which has lost water content and oil content and has been reduced in weight or reduced in specific gravity, flows down from the flow region 23 to the bottom reaction region 25, flows along the contour of the bottom plate 14, and the oil content in the flammable sludge is reduced. , Further vaporize or thermally decompose.

The high temperature steam injected from the injection port 18a of the steam injection pipe 18 into the reaction region 20 is blown into the flow region 23 to further promote the gasification of the reduced amount of the combustible sludge agglomerates 1 and the bottom reaction region 25. In the above step, the oil vapor and the pyrolysis gas are catalytically mixed with each other to promote the lightening of heavy hydrocarbons, and the reformed gas is generated in the bottom reaction zone 25.

The air-fuel mixture in the bottom reaction zone 25 containing steam, oil vapor, reformed gas and fine solids rises from the flow zone 23 along the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall 15 and is arranged at the upper end of the reaction zone 20. The mixed gas discharge port 27 flows out to the gas duct L1. The mixed airflow in the gas duct L1 flows into the cyclone separator 50 from the upper inlet 51 of the cyclone separator 50 and forms a swirl flow in the separator 50. The solid content in the air-fuel mixture is removed by the dust bunker 5 by the centrifugal action of the swirling flow.
4 and is discharged from the dust bunker 54. The air-fuel mixture from which the solid content has been removed flows out from the upper outlet 55 to the gas duct L2 and is introduced into the condenser 60.

Cooling water circulates in the cooling coil 61 of the condenser 60 to cool the hot air-fuel mixture. Oil vapor and water vapor in the air-fuel mixture are condensed, and liquefied oil and water are condensed in the condenser 60.
Is collected by a collecting means (not shown).

The reformed gas from which oil vapor and water vapor have been removed and which has been cooled is urged by the suction pressure of the blower 70 to form the gas duct L3.
Gas in the gas duct L4 under the discharge pressure of the blower 70.
Is supplied as fuel gas to equipment outside the system, such as combustion equipment or an internal combustion engine.

According to the waste treatment device having such a configuration,
The flammable sludge agglomerate 1 supplied to the reactor 10 directly contacts and mixes with the flame jet 12b to evaporate or thermally decompose,
Heavy hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas are converted into light hydrocarbons by contact mixing with the high temperature steam injected into the reactor 10. For this reason, a reformed gas containing a relatively large amount of light hydrocarbons is generated in the reaction zone 20, and the caloric value of the reformed gas obtained after the separation / condensation step of the air-fuel mixture increases.

The reactor 10 is constructed so that the pyrolysis of the flammable sludge by the high-speed jet burner 12 and the reforming of the pyrolysis gas by the high temperature steam are carried out in a single reaction zone. The entire system configuration including 10 and the entire apparatus structure are simplified.

Further, in the above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus, as the structure of the reactor 10, the flammable sludge lump 1 is introduced downward from the top, and the flame jet 12b is horizontally jetted toward the center of the reaction zone 20, Since the heat treatment of the flammable sludge lump 1 is performed by mutual collision mixing of the both, the contact efficiency between the flammable sludge lump 1 and the flame and high temperature combustion gas is improved,
The gasification efficiency of combustible sludge is improved.

Further, according to the waste treatment apparatus having the above-mentioned constitution, the bottom jet reaction zone (reforming zone) 25 for promoting the gasification of the flammable sludge lump 1 and the reforming of the pyrolysis gas is provided in the flame jet 1
Since the structure is formed on the lower side of 2b and the design flexibility of the treatment capacity is increased by setting the dimensions of the bottom reaction zone 25, etc., the design change for the increase or decrease in the amount of flammable sludge treatment and the treatment capacity is made to the bottom reaction zone. This can be performed relatively easily by setting the size of 25 or the like. For example, when it becomes necessary to upsize the apparatus structure in order to increase the throughput of combustible sludge, the scale-up of each component, especially the bottom reaction zone 2
By increasing the size of 5, the scale-up of the entire apparatus can be relatively easily performed.

FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the reactor 10 of the waste treatment device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the reactor 10 of this example, the high-speed jet burner 12 is arranged at a relatively high position on the outer peripheral wall 15, and the injection port 18 a of the steam injection pipe 18 is arranged below the high-speed jet burner 12. The injection port 18a horizontally injects the high-temperature steam toward the center of the bottom reaction zone 25.

Inlet port 17a of the combustible sludge introducing pipe 17
The flammable sludge lump 1 that has fallen from the reaction zone 20 into the reaction zone 20 flows down while diffusing slightly outward in the reaction zone 20, cross-collides with the flame jet 12b of the high-speed jet burner 12, and is atomized and fine particles. It is crushed into a solid and vaporized or pyrolyzed. The solid content of flammable sludge, which has lost weight and light specific gravity due to loss of water and oil, is
From the flow region 23 (FIG. 3) formed between 2b to the bottom reaction region 25, the hot water vapor injected from the injection port 18a is mixed and contacted. The oil content in the flammable sludge is mixed with high temperature steam to be further vaporized or pyrolyzed, and the bottom reaction zone 2
The pyrolysis gas of No. 5 is reformed by lightening heavy hydrocarbons.

The air-fuel mixture in the bottom reaction zone 25 containing water vapor, oil vapor, reformed gas and fine solids rises from the flow zone 23 along the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall 15 and mixes, as in the first embodiment. It flows out from the air outlet 27 into the gas duct L1 and is introduced into the cyclone separator 50.

FIG. 6 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the reactor 10 of the waste treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the reactor 10 of this example, the injection nozzle 12 of the high-speed jet burner 12 is used.
a and the injection port 18a of the water vapor injection pipe 18 are the outer peripheral wall 1
5 are placed on the same level. The injection nozzle 12a injects the flame jet 12b toward the center of the reaction zone 20,
The injection port 18a horizontally injects the high-temperature steam toward the center of the bottom reaction zone 25.

Inlet port 17a of the combustible sludge introducing pipe 17
The flammable sludge lump 1 that has fallen into the reaction zone 20 from the above cross-collides with the flame jet 12b, is pulverized into mist and fine particles, and is vaporized or thermally decomposed, and at the same time, the injection port 18a.
It impinges and mixes with the high temperature steam jet. Flammable sludge lump 1
Flows in the bottom reaction zone 25 while losing water and oil to reduce or reduce the specific gravity, and the heavy hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis gas are converted into light hydrocarbons by the mixed contact with high-temperature steam, resulting in heat generation. The cracked gas is reformed.

The air-fuel mixture in the bottom reaction zone 25 containing water vapor, oil vapor, reformed gas and fine solids rises along the inner surface of the outer peripheral wall 15 as in the first and second embodiments, and the air-fuel mixture is mixed. It flows from the outlet 27 into the gas duct L1 and is introduced into the cyclone separator 50.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention described in the claims. It is needless to say that the present invention can be modified or changed, and the modification or modification is also included in the scope of the invention.

For example, the waste treatment apparatus and treatment method having the above-mentioned constitution may be applied to a heat treatment process of liquid waste such as a waste treatment of oil-containing slurry, a gasification process of pulverized coal, RDF, etc. May be applied to contaminated soil incineration, general medical waste and infectious medical waste treatment processes

As the separator for removing fine solids and the like from the air-fuel mixture discharged from the reactor, a separator having other separating means such as a bag filter or a ceramic filter or a purifying means may be used.

[0047]

As described above, according to the above-mentioned constitution of the present invention, the organic waste such as combustible sludge is heated to be vaporized and reduced in volume, and the vaporized gas and oil produced in the vaporization and volume reduction process. Provided are a waste treatment apparatus and a waste treatment method capable of converting heavy hydrocarbons in a gas mixture such as steam into light hydrocarbons and producing a reformed gas having a relatively high calorie.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram showing an overall configuration of a waste treatment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the reactor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reactor shown in FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the steam heating device shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a reactor of a waste treatment device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a reactor of a waste treatment device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a system flow diagram showing the overall configuration of a conventional waste treatment device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 flammable sludge lump 10 reactor 11 Raw material introduction department 12 High-speed jet burner 12a injection nozzle 12b flame jet 13 top wall 14 bottom wall 15 Outer wall 17 Combustible sludge supply pipe 17a Flammable sludge inlet 18 Steam injection pipe 18a Steam injection port 20 reaction zones 22 Flame area 23 Flow region 25 Bottom reaction zone 50 cyclone separator 60 condenser 70 blower 80 Steam heating device

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Shin Mochida             2-53, Shirate, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa               Within Japan Furnace Industry Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3K061 AA23 AB02 AC02 BA06 CA01                 4D004 AA01 BA03 CA08 CA25 CA27                       CB04 CB34 CC02 CC03 DA03                       DA06

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A reactor equipped with a combustion means for injecting a high-temperature, high-velocity, complete combustion flame into a reaction zone, and a combustible waste for direct mixing with the flame and combustion gas of the combustion means. And a waste introduction means for introducing the waste into the reaction zone, the volume of the combustible waste is reduced by the complete combustion flame.
In a vaporization waste treatment device, waste introduction means for introducing the flammable waste from the upper part of the reactor downward into the reaction zone, and steam introduction means for injecting high temperature steam of 1000 ° C. or higher into the reaction zone And, the combustion means is oriented so as to inject the flame laterally from the outer peripheral region of the reaction zone into the reaction zone, and forms a reforming zone on the lower side of the flame. Injecting the high temperature steam into the combustible waste that has been vaporized and reduced in volume by the flame so as to be contact-mixed with the vaporized gas produced by vaporization of the combustible waste and heavy hydrocarbons contained in mist. A waste treatment device, characterized in that it is made light by the high temperature steam. 2. The reactor comprises a vertical reaction vessel having a circular cross section, the waste introduction means discharges the combustible waste from a central portion of the reactor, and the combustion means comprises: The reactor comprises a plurality of high-speed jet burners arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the reactor at predetermined angular intervals, and each high-speed jet burner is oriented to inject a flame toward the central region of the reactor. The waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The high-temperature steam introduction means has a steam injection port arranged around the discharge port of the combustible waste, and the flow momentum of the flame of the high-speed jet burner does not substantially act on the high temperature. A flow region of steam and vaporized gas is formed between the flames, and the high temperature steam injected by the steam injection port flows down from the flow region to a bottom reaction region of the reactor, and the flammability is generated in the bottom reaction region. The waste treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the vaporized gas and mist of the waste are brought into contact with and mixed with each other, and the vaporized gas and the mist rise in the flow region. 4. The reactor comprises a vertical reaction vessel having a circular cross section, the combustion means comprises a high-speed jet burner arranged on an outer peripheral wall of the reactor, and the water vapor introducing means comprises: There is a steam injection port for injecting the high-temperature steam from the outer peripheral wall of the reactor to the bottom reaction region below the high-speed jet burner, and the high-temperature steam injected by the injection port is combustible in the bottom reaction region. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste treatment apparatus is in contact with and mixed with vaporized gas and mist of the waste. 5. The reactor comprises a vertical reaction vessel having a circular cross section, the combustion means comprises a high-speed jet burner arranged on an outer peripheral wall of the reactor, and the steam introducing means comprises: It has a steam injection port for injecting the high-temperature steam from the outer peripheral wall of the reactor at substantially the same level as the high-speed jet burner, and the high-temperature steam injected by the injection port is a vaporized gas of the combustible waste and The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste treatment apparatus mixes with the mist by contact. 6. The reactor is provided with a hemispherical bottom wall, and a gas outlet for letting out the reformed gas that has risen from the reaction zone is provided at an upper portion of the reaction zone. The waste treatment device according to any one of 1 to 5. 7. Combustible waste is introduced into the reaction zone of the reactor and a high temperature and high velocity complete combustion flame is injected into the reaction zone to direct the combustible waste directly with the complete combustion flame and combustion gas. In the waste treatment method of contact mixing, reducing the volume of the combustible waste by the complete combustion flame and vaporizing the combustible waste, the combustible waste is introduced into the reaction zone downward from the upper part of the reactor, and the complete combustion is performed. A flame is laterally jetted from the outer peripheral region of the reaction zone toward the central region of the reaction zone, and the flame cross-collides with the combustible waste to vaporize the combustible waste.
High-temperature steam that has been reduced in volume and heated to 1000 ° C. or higher is injected into the reaction zone, and the steam is contact mixed with the combustible waste that has been vaporized and reduced in volume by the complete combustion flame. Heavy hydrocarbons contained in the vaporized gas and mist produced by the vaporization of the substance are lightened by the steam,
A method for treating waste, which comprises producing a reformed gas having an increased caloric value. 8. The reforming zone for injecting the complete combustion flame from the middle height portion of the reactor and mixing the vaporized gas, mist and high temperature steam to reform the vaporized gas and mist is the complete combustion. The waste treatment method according to claim 7, which is formed on the lower side of the flame. 9. The complete combustion flame is injected from the outer peripheral wall of the reactor at an angular interval, and a flow region in which the reformed gas in the reforming region can rise is secured between the flames. The waste treatment method according to claim 8. 10. The reformed gas rising from the reforming zone is led out from the upper part of the reaction zone to separate a solid component contained in the reformed gas and remove it from the reformed gas. The waste treatment method according to claim 8. 11. The waste treatment method according to claim 10, wherein the reformed gas from which solid components have been removed is cooled, and the condensate is separated from the reformed gas and removed.