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JP2003205343A - Coat for lost foam pattern casting - Google Patents

Coat for lost foam pattern casting

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Publication number
JP2003205343A
JP2003205343A JP2002004153A JP2002004153A JP2003205343A JP 2003205343 A JP2003205343 A JP 2003205343A JP 2002004153 A JP2002004153 A JP 2002004153A JP 2002004153 A JP2002004153 A JP 2002004153A JP 2003205343 A JP2003205343 A JP 2003205343A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
casting
mold
coat
cast product
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002004153A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoya Fukuda
葉椰 福田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KIMURA CHUZOSHO KK
Kimura Foundry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
KIMURA CHUZOSHO KK
Kimura Foundry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KIMURA CHUZOSHO KK, Kimura Foundry Co Ltd filed Critical KIMURA CHUZOSHO KK
Priority to JP2002004153A priority Critical patent/JP2003205343A/en
Publication of JP2003205343A publication Critical patent/JP2003205343A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide coat preventing a scab. <P>SOLUTION: The coat 2 consists of fused silica as an aggregate and graphite as carbon component is contained in the aggregate so that a coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the coat 2 becomes ≤0.02%. Further, the other necessary component is suitably added in the coat 2, too. The coat 2 is applied on the whole surface of a lost foam pattern 10 so as to have a prescribed thickness and the lost pattern is disposed in a molding flask 12 after drying, and molding sand 14 is charged, and after embedding the lost foam pattern, molten metal is poured from a sprue 16 to produce a cast product. The cast product is released and taken out from the molding flask 12 after casting, and thereafter, shot-blasting is applied on the whole surface of the cast product to remove the stuck coat 2 and molding sand 14, etc., and the product is taken out. On the surface of the produced cast product, the occurrence of scab, etc., is not observed, and the good cast product is obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は消失模型鋳造用塗型
に関し、特にいわゆる掬われなどの鋳造不良を発生させ
ない消失模型鋳造用塗型に関する。 【0002】 【従来の技術】消失模型鋳造法においては、鋳物製品の
表面を良好に仕上げ、また鋳造不良等の発生を防止する
ため、鋳造用塗型を模型の表面に塗布して鋳造してい
る。塗型は、刷毛を用いたり、または消失模型を塗型の
溶液内へ浸漬したりして消失模型の表面に所定の厚さに
塗布していた。 【0003】また、塗型を用いる目的は、耐焼付き性を
向上させるためであるが、塗型の成分割合が鋳造条件と
合致しないと鋳造後残渣が増加したり、熱膨張によって
掬われなどが発生する。このため、鋳造品の種類、大き
さ、必要とされる精度等に応じ、かつ主目的に応じて塗
型に含有される成分を適宜組み合わせて用いていた。 【0004】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、鋳型に
溶湯を注ぐと、塗型層の表面は、高温の溶湯によって温
度が上昇するが、塗型の内部、つまり砂型に接する部分
の温度は低いままで、塗型の表裏面で温度差が生じる。
すると、塗型が砂型の表面から剥離し、鋳造不良となる
掬われを発生させることがある。 【0005】掬われについて図面を用いて詳しく説明す
る。図7は、注湯する前の消失模型10の一部断面であ
り、消失模型10が表面に塗型2を塗布した状態で、鋳
物砂14内に埋設してある。そして、注湯すると、図8
に示すように溶湯3に接した塗型2の表面aが高温にな
り、まだ温度の低い塗型2の裏面bとの間で生じる温度
差によって塗型2の表面a側に亀裂が生じる。 【0006】そして更に、溶湯により塗型2の温度が上
昇されると、表面aが軟化し、もしくは溶解を始める。
ところが、塗型2の裏面b、すなわち鋳物砂14に接す
る面は温度がそれほど上昇していないので、表裏間で熱
膨張差が発生しこれにより亀裂が生ずる。そして更に膨
張が進行すると図9に示すように塗型2が鋳物砂14の
表面から剥離して立ち上がる。すると、立ち上がった部
分が溶湯3内に浸入して、塗型2が鋳造製品の表面に入
りこんだり、鋳物砂14の表面まで溶湯が周り込むな
ど、鋳造不良が発生する。 【0007】また塗型の密度が大きい場合は、塗型を塗
布したとき発泡ポリスチレン製の模型が、塗型の重さに
より変形や破損を起こし、更には全体の重量が大きくな
り模型の運搬が困難になって生産性を阻害する。また、
塗型を塗布した後、塗型の自重により模型が変形した
り、塗型の表面に亀裂が発生して、鋳物製品の表面に不
良を発生させることがある。 【0008】本発明は、上記課題を解決し、掬われなど
の鋳造不良が発生しない鋳造用塗型を提供することを目
的とする。 【0009】 【課題を解決するための手段】本発明では、上記課題を
解決するため、鋳造用塗型を次のように構成した。 【0010】すなわち、主骨材に溶融シリカと粘土を用
い、主骨材に対する炭素含有量を、1500℃までの線
熱膨張率が0.02%以下となる割合とし、かつ乾燥後
の塗型の密度を1.5g/cm以下として消失模型鋳
造用塗型を構成した。 【0011】これにより、鋳造において塗型として要求
される要件を満たし、良好な鋳造作業が行なえるととも
に、鋳造時の温度差による熱膨張の差を小さくでき、掬
われを発生させない。また、自重による塗型の破損等を
起こさず、鋳造不良を生じさせない。 【0012】したがって、鋳造作業の手間とコストを大
幅に低減することができ、かつ良好な鋳造製品を得るこ
とができる。また、主骨材は溶融シリカを用いることに
よってアルミナ系あるいはジルコン系塗型に比べて密度
が遙かに小さくなるため、模型の変形、破損等はなく、
大型の鋳造であっても作業性を向上できる。 【0013】 【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の鋳造用塗型につい
て説明する。 【0014】図1に鋳造の例を示す。図1は消失模型鋳
造法による鋳造を示しており、まず、鋳枠12の内部に
消失模型10を設置し、鋳物砂14を投入して埋設す
る。消失模型10は、孔部13を有する発泡スチロール
製で、表面全体には予め塗型2が所定の厚さに塗布して
ある。 【0015】塗型2は、骨材が溶融シリカと粘土であ
り、骨材に炭素成分としての鱗状黒鉛が、塗型2の線熱
膨張率が0.02%以下となるように含有されている。
また、その他必要な成分も適宜塗型2に添加されてい
る。 【0016】消失模型10の表面全体に所定の厚さに塗
型2を塗布し、乾燥後鋳枠12に配置し鋳物砂14を投
入して埋設したなら、湯口16から溶湯を注入して、鋳
造製品を製造する。鋳造後鋳枠12を解枠して鋳造製品
を取り出した後、鋳造製品の表面全体にショットブラス
トを行い付着している塗型2や鋳物砂14等を除去し、
製品を取り出す。製造された鋳造品の表面には、掬われ
等の発生は見られず、良好な鋳造品が得られた。 【0017】したがって、本発明の鋳型によれば、熱膨
張等による塗型の掬われが発生せず、鋳造不良のない鋳
造製品を得ることができる。 【0018】また、鋳造製品が大型の場合、例えば製品
の重量が10000kg以上の場合には、塗型2の乾燥
後の密度が1.5g/cm以下となるようにする。こ
のように設定すれば、塗布した塗型2の重量により消失
模型が変形することがなく、良好な鋳造製品を得ること
ができ、生産性も向上できる。 【0019】尚、塗型2に含有させる炭素成分として
は、上記例のように鱗状黒鉛でなく、土状黒鉛、無煙
炭、電極屑、キッシュ黒鉛であってもよい。それぞれの
成分を異ならせた場合、密度が異なるので鱗状黒鉛、そ
の他の炭素成分との体積割合はそれに応じて変化するこ
ととなる。 【0020】実験例1 次に、塗型の実験例について説明する。実験は、配合成
分を変えて塗型2を形成し、かかる塗型2を用いて鋳造
を行った。塗型2は、溶融シリカを骨材とし、炭素成分
としての鱗状黒鉛の添加量を0%から60%まで20%
毎に変化させ、それに8%の粘土を加えて構成した。ま
た、分散、増粘のために少量の界面活性剤、スチレン系
バインダー、水を添加し、かつ密度を1.5g/cm
以下として、ボーメ60の塗型を製作した。 【0021】鋳造作業は、図2に示すように同一形状の
4個の消失模型17を同一の鋳枠内部に設置し、鋳物砂
14を投入して埋設した。消失模型17は発泡スチロー
ル製ブロックで、表面全体に予め鱗状黒鉛の添加量を0
%から60%まで20%毎に変化させた塗型2を所定の
厚さに塗布した。鋳込み後、解枠して試験片を取りだし
た後ショットブラストを行い、表面に付着している塗型
2及び鋳物砂14を除去した。そして、鱗状黒鉛の添加
量の違いによる鋳物表面の差を比較した。 【0022】結果は、鱗状黒鉛の添加量0%と20%で
は、図5に示すように鋳物は表面欠陥がなく、非常にき
れいな鋳肌を有していた。これに対して、鱗状黒鉛の添
加量が40%と60%の塗型を用いて鋳造された鋳物
は、図6に示すように中央部のセキ付近に掬われの表面
欠陥が発生していた。これは鋳造時の温度差によって、
熱膨張の差が大きくなり、掬われが発生したものと思わ
れる。 【0023】これにより鱗状黒鉛含有量が20%以下で
あれば、掬われの欠陥が少なく鋳物の表面は良好である
ことが分かる。また、発泡スチロール製ブロックの表面
に塗型2を全面塗布して乾燥させた後、塗型の自重によ
り模型が変形したり、塗型の表面に亀裂が発生したり、
模型の運搬が困難になったりすることはなく、生産性を
向上できる。 【0024】実験例2 更に、黒鉛の添加量が異なる塗型2の熱膨張を計測し
た。鱗状黒鉛の添加量を0%から60%まで20%毎に
変化させた塗型2を、それぞれ直径10mm、長さ50mm
の棒状砂型に流し込んで熱膨張試験片を製作した。割れ
のないように試験片をゆっくり乾燥させ、真空理工株式
会社の横型熱膨張計(DL−7000Y)を用いて、熱
膨張率を測定した。 【0025】結果を、図3および図4に示す。図4から
塗型中の炭素の含有量の減少につれて熱膨張率が減少す
ることがわかる。60%黒鉛を含有した塗型の熱膨張率
は0.094%であるが、黒鉛を含有しない塗型の熱膨
張率は0.012%であり、約8分の1となっている。
この熱膨張率の減少によって塗型の反り量が減り、掬わ
れによる欠陥が発生しにくくなることがわかる。 【0026】 【発明の効果】本発明の鋳造用塗型によれば、熱膨張が
少なく、注湯によって温度差が発生しても掬われが生じ
ることがなく、鋳造不良が発生することがない。 【0027】更に、塗型の乾燥後の密度を1.5g/c
以下としたことにより、消失模型に塗布した場合で
も、塗型の重量によって模型を変形させることがなく良
好な鋳造製品を得ることができる。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a casting mold for vanishing model casting, and more particularly to a casting mold for vanishing model casting that does not cause casting defects such as so-called scooping. 2. Description of the Related Art In a vanishing model casting method, a casting mold is applied to the surface of a casting to cast it in order to finish the surface of a cast product well and to prevent occurrence of casting defects. I have. The mold was applied to the surface of the disappearing model to a predetermined thickness by using a brush or by immersing the disappearing model in a solution of the mold. The purpose of using a coating mold is to improve the seizure resistance. However, if the component ratio of the coating mold does not match the casting conditions, the post-casting residue will increase, and scooping due to thermal expansion will occur. appear. For this reason, the components contained in the coating mold have been appropriately combined according to the type and size of the cast product, the required accuracy and the like, and according to the main purpose. [0004] However, when a molten metal is poured into a mold, the surface of the coating layer rises in temperature due to the high-temperature molten metal. , The temperature difference occurs on the front and back surfaces of the mold.
Then, the coating mold may be peeled off from the surface of the sand mold, and scooping that may result in poor casting may occur. [0005] Scooping will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a partial cross section of the vanishing model 10 before pouring. The vanishing model 10 is buried in the casting sand 14 with the coating mold 2 applied to the surface. And when pouring, Fig. 8
As shown in (1), the temperature of the surface a of the coating mold 2 in contact with the molten metal 3 becomes high, and a crack occurs on the surface a side of the coating mold 2 due to a temperature difference generated between the surface a and the back surface b of the coating mold 2 having a still low temperature. Further, when the temperature of the coating mold 2 is increased by the molten metal, the surface a is softened or starts to melt.
However, since the temperature of the back surface b of the coating mold 2, that is, the surface in contact with the casting sand 14 has not risen so much, a difference in thermal expansion occurs between the front and back surfaces, thereby causing cracks. When the expansion further proceeds, the coating mold 2 separates from the surface of the molding sand 14 and rises as shown in FIG. Then, the rising portion penetrates into the molten metal 3, and casting defects occur, such as the coating mold 2 penetrating into the surface of the casting product and the molten metal wrapping around the surface of the casting sand 14. [0007] If the density of the mold is large, the foam polystyrene model is deformed or damaged by the weight of the mold when the mold is applied. It becomes difficult and hinders productivity. Also,
After applying the mold, the model may be deformed by the weight of the mold, or a crack may be generated on the surface of the mold to cause a defect on the surface of the cast product. [0008] It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a casting mold that does not cause casting defects such as scooping. In the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, a casting mold is constituted as follows. That is, fused silica and clay are used as the main aggregate, the carbon content in the main aggregate is set so that the linear thermal expansion coefficient up to 1500 ° C. is 0.02% or less, and the coating mold after drying. With a density of 1.5 g / cm 3 or less, to constitute a vanishing model casting coating mold. As a result, the requirements required as a mold in casting can be satisfied, a good casting operation can be performed, and the difference in thermal expansion due to the temperature difference during casting can be reduced, and scooping does not occur. In addition, the mold does not break due to its own weight, and casting defects do not occur. Therefore, the labor and cost of the casting operation can be significantly reduced, and a good cast product can be obtained. In addition, since the density of the main aggregate is much smaller than that of the alumina or zircon coating by using fused silica, there is no deformation or breakage of the model,
Workability can be improved even for large castings. The casting mold of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an example of casting. FIG. 1 shows casting by the vanishing model casting method. First, a vanishing model 10 is installed inside a casting flask 12, and casting sand 14 is charged and buried. The vanishing model 10 is made of styrene foam having a hole 13, and a coating mold 2 is applied to the entire surface in advance to a predetermined thickness. In the mold 2, the aggregate is fused silica and clay, and the aggregate contains scaly graphite as a carbon component so that the linear thermal expansion coefficient of the mold 2 is 0.02% or less. I have.
Further, other necessary components are appropriately added to the coating mold 2. When the coating mold 2 is applied to the entire surface of the disappearing model 10 to a predetermined thickness, and after being dried, it is placed in the casting frame 12 and the casting sand 14 is charged and buried, the molten metal is poured from the gate 16, Manufacture casting products. After the casting, the casting frame 12 is unframed to take out the cast product, and then the entire surface of the cast product is shot blasted to remove the applied mold 2, the molding sand 14, and the like.
Take out the product. No scooping or the like was observed on the surface of the manufactured cast product, and a good cast product was obtained. Therefore, according to the mold of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a cast product without scooping of the coating mold due to thermal expansion or the like and free of casting defects. If the cast product is large, for example, if the weight of the product is 10,000 kg or more, the density of the coating mold 2 after drying is 1.5 g / cm 3 or less. With such a setting, a good cast product can be obtained without deformation of the disappearing model due to the weight of the applied coating mold 2, and productivity can be improved. The carbon component contained in the coating mold 2 may be earth graphite, anthracite, electrode scrap, or quiche graphite, instead of scaly graphite as in the above example. When the respective components are different, the densities are different, so that the volume ratio of the scale graphite and other carbon components changes accordingly. EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 1 Next, an experimental example of a coating mold will be described. In the experiment, a coating mold 2 was formed by changing the blending components, and casting was performed using the coating mold 2. Coating mold 2 uses fused silica as an aggregate, and the amount of scaly graphite as a carbon component is 20% from 0% to 60%.
Each was varied and comprised of 8% clay. Further, a small amount of a surfactant, a styrene-based binder, and water are added for dispersion and thickening, and the density is 1.5 g / cm 3.
A coating pattern of Baume 60 was manufactured as follows. In the casting operation, as shown in FIG. 2, four vanishing models 17 of the same shape were placed in the same casting flask, and casting sand 14 was charged and buried. The disappearance model 17 is a block made of styrofoam.
The coating mold 2 was changed to a predetermined thickness by changing from 20% to 60% every 20%. After casting, the frame was unframed to take out a test piece, followed by shot blasting to remove the coating mold 2 and the molding sand 14 adhering to the surface. Then, the difference in the casting surface due to the difference in the amount of scaly graphite added was compared. As a result, when the amount of scaly graphite was 0% and 20%, the casting had no surface defects and had a very clean casting surface as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the castings cast using the molds in which the amount of scaly graphite added was 40% and 60%, as shown in FIG. 6, surface defects of scooping occurred near the center portion Seki. . This is due to the temperature difference during casting.
It is considered that the difference in thermal expansion became large and scooping occurred. From this, it can be seen that if the scale graphite content is 20% or less, there are few scooping defects and the casting surface is good. Also, after the entire surface of the styrofoam block is coated with the coating mold 2 and dried, the model is deformed by the weight of the coating mold, cracks are generated on the surface of the coating mold,
There is no difficulty in transporting the model, and productivity can be improved. Experimental Example 2 Further, the thermal expansions of the coating molds 2 having different amounts of graphite were measured. Coating mold 2 in which the amount of scaly graphite added was changed from 0% to 60% in increments of 20%, was 10 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length.
Into a bar-shaped sand mold to produce a thermal expansion test piece. The test piece was dried slowly without cracking, and the coefficient of thermal expansion was measured using a horizontal thermal dilatometer (DL-7000Y) manufactured by Vacuum Riko Co., Ltd. The results are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. FIG. 4 shows that the coefficient of thermal expansion decreases as the content of carbon in the mold decreases. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the mold containing 60% graphite is 0.094%, while the coefficient of thermal expansion of the mold containing no graphite is 0.012%, which is about 1/8.
It can be seen that the decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion reduces the amount of warpage of the coating mold and makes it less likely to cause defects due to scooping. According to the casting mold of the present invention, there is little thermal expansion, no scooping even if a temperature difference occurs due to pouring, and no casting defects. . Further, the density of the coating after drying is 1.5 g / c.
By set to m 3 or less, even when applied to evaporative pattern, can be deformed to model the weight of the coating type without obtaining good cast product.

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】鋳造を示す状態である。 【図2】実験例を示す図である。 【図3】熱膨張測定結果を示す図である。 【図4】熱膨張測定結果を示す図である。 【図5】実験結果を示す図である。 【図6】実験結果を示す図である。 【図7】塗型を示す図である。 【図8】塗型を示す図である。 【図9】塗型を示す図である。 【符号の説明】 2 塗型 3 溶湯 10 消失模型 12 鋳枠 13 孔部 14 鋳物砂 16 湯口 17 スチロール製ブロック[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a state showing casting. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an experimental example. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a result of thermal expansion measurement. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of thermal expansion measurement. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing experimental results. FIG. 6 is a view showing an experimental result. FIG. 7 is a view showing a coating mold. FIG. 8 is a view showing a coating mold. FIG. 9 is a view showing a mold. [Explanation of symbols] 2 Coating mold 3 molten metal 10 vanishing model 12 Cast flask 13 holes 14 Foundry sand 16 gate 17 Styroblock

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 溶融シリカ及び粘土を主骨材とし、前記
主骨材に対する炭素含有量を、1500℃までの線熱膨
張率が0.02%以下となる割合とし、かつ乾燥密度を
1.5g/cm以下としたことを特徴とする消失模型
鋳造用塗型。
Claims 1. Fused silica and clay are used as a main aggregate, and a carbon content of the main aggregate is set so that a linear thermal expansion coefficient up to 1500 ° C is 0.02% or less, A coating mold for vanishing model casting, wherein the dry density is 1.5 g / cm 3 or less.
JP2002004153A 2002-01-11 2002-01-11 Coat for lost foam pattern casting Pending JP2003205343A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102328025A (en) * 2011-08-25 2012-01-25 陕西理工学院 Lost foam casting method of balance shaft housing
WO2016027672A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Lost-foam casting method
CN105728651A (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-07-06 江苏钜源机械有限公司 Preset inner core integral forming method for evanescent mold for complex workpiece
CN115194085A (en) * 2022-07-19 2022-10-18 四川省金镭重工有限公司 Casting method for preventing orange peel defects on the surface of alloy steel castings

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102328025A (en) * 2011-08-25 2012-01-25 陕西理工学院 Lost foam casting method of balance shaft housing
WO2016027672A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Lost-foam casting method
CN106573295A (en) * 2014-08-18 2017-04-19 株式会社神户制钢所 Lost-foam casting method
KR20170044135A (en) * 2014-08-18 2017-04-24 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 Lost-foam casting method
US9862022B2 (en) 2014-08-18 2018-01-09 Kobe Steel, Ltd Casting method using lost foam
CN106573295B (en) * 2014-08-18 2019-01-18 株式会社神户制钢所 Lost-foam casting method
CN105728651A (en) * 2016-02-22 2016-07-06 江苏钜源机械有限公司 Preset inner core integral forming method for evanescent mold for complex workpiece
CN115194085A (en) * 2022-07-19 2022-10-18 四川省金镭重工有限公司 Casting method for preventing orange peel defects on the surface of alloy steel castings

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