JP2003103675A - High strength membrane structure and multilayer structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a high-strength membrane structure and a multilayer structure capable of forming a high-strength structure by reducing joint portions. SOLUTION: A mesh member 12 which is non-stretchable in one predetermined direction A and expandable and contractible in another direction B different from the one direction, and a tension member extending in the other direction and locked by the mesh member 12 is provided. 13 are provided. The tension member 13 is knitted in the mesh body 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a high-strength membrane structure and a multilayer structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an outer cover 3 of a conventional airship 2. FIG. 12 shows the section line S of FIG.
It is sectional drawing shown from 12-S12. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view showing a joint portion of structural materials. 11 and 12 are shown by neglecting the thickness. Airship 2 outer skin 3
Is a method in which a plurality of film materials 1 are arranged in abutment with each other, a bonding film material 4 is provided inside the butted portion, the film material 1 and the bonding film material 4 are welded, and the film materials 1 are joined together. Formed.
In addition to this, there is a configuration in which the coupling film material 4 is omitted.

[0003]

As described above, the conventional airship 2 is formed by using the film material 1 made of cloth.
Since the width of the fabric that can be manufactured in the film material 1 is limited to about 1 to 2 m, when forming the outer cover 3, a plurality of sheets, for example, about 50 to 60 sheets in the circumferential direction (not shown in FIG. 12). The film material 1 of FIG. 2) must be lined up and spliced together. Therefore, the number of joints as shown in FIG. 13 increases. At the spliced portion, as indicated by arrow X, the load is transmitted from one film material 1 to the bonding film material 4 to the bonding film material 4 and further to the other film material 1 via the welding part 5. As described above, since the welded portion 5 is required to transmit the load at the joint portion, the strength is likely to be reduced due to environmental conditions. In the airship 2, the upper portion of the outer cover 3 may be heated to a high temperature of about 70 degrees by direct sunlight. Under such an environmental condition, the welding strength is lowered due to the influence of heat, so that the outer skin strength is lowered.

An object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength membrane structure and a multi-layer structure which can basically eliminate a seam by welding.

[0005]

The present invention according to claim 1 includes a reticulated body which is stretchable and a non-stretchable tension member, and is formed by locking the tension member to the reticulated body. A high-strength membrane structure characterized in that

According to the present invention, the high-strength membrane structure is constructed by interlocking the net-like member and the tensile member with each other. The reticulate body can be continuously manufactured with a large width by using a fibrous material, and there is almost no restriction on the dimension in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the width direction. Further, the tensile member can be formed of a fibrous material and is not limited in the longitudinal dimension. Therefore, unlike the case of using a film material of the prior art, the width is not influenced by the width of the original fabric and the size is not limited. Therefore, the number of seams is reduced as much as possible to reduce the structure. In addition to being formed, a large structure can be formed. In this way, it is possible to reduce the number of joints whose strength is easily affected by environmental conditions such as temperature.By providing joints in the parts that are not affected by the environment, the strength is high and the reliability is dramatically improved. It is possible to form an improved high-strength membrane structure and a large-scale high-strength membrane structure. Further, the strength of the high-strength membrane structure can be easily changed by changing the strength of the linear body forming the mesh body and the linear body forming the tensile member, and is not limited by the strength. , Excellent in convenience.
Furthermore, since the mesh body is expandable and contractible, and the tension member can freely determine the longitudinal dimension, the stretchable state of the mesh member can be adjusted by the tension member to facilitate the construction of the three-dimensional curved surface structure. Can be formed.

According to the present invention, the tensile member is knitted into a mesh body. According to the present invention, since the tensile member is knitted into the mesh body, the mesh body and the tension member are different from each other. , The mutual position can be adjusted to adjust the shape of the structure. When the load is applied, the mesh and the tension member are locked to each other by friction, and the shape of the structure can be fixed. Therefore, a structure having a complicated shape can be easily formed.

The present invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the reticulate body has a square mesh, and the tension member extends in a diagonal line of the mesh.

According to the present invention, since the mesh having a quadrangular shape is easily deformed, the mesh is stretchable. Since the tensile member is provided on the diagonal line of the mesh of such a mesh body, a triangular mesh is formed. The triangle has a stable shape that is hard to deform, and thus the shape of the high-strength membrane structure can be stabilized.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a protective member having weather resistance is laminated on the outer surface side of the high-strength membrane structure, and a sealing member for blocking gas is laminated on the inner surface side of the membrane material. Is a multi-layered structure.

According to the present invention, it is possible to form a multi-layer structure having high strength, weather resistance and gas barrier properties and excellent functions. The size and shape of this multilayer structure can be set arbitrarily and easily, and the degree of freedom in design is extremely high. For example, it can be suitably implemented as a container for gas containing a cover and a pressure vessel of an airship that contains levitation gas in its internal space.

In each of the above-mentioned present inventions, the fibrous material constituting the net-like body and the tension material includes a long extending member such as a thread shape, a string shape and a band shape.

[0013]

1 is a perspective view showing a part of a film material 11 for an outer cover of an airship according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the film material 11. FIG. 1 shows section S1 of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale. The airship has a body made of an outer skin, and levitation gas is contained in an inner space of the body. For example, the multilayer structure of the present invention is implemented as the outer skin of this airship, and the high-strength membrane structure of the present invention is implemented to form the film material 11 that constitutes the outer skin.

The membrane material 11 is a reticulated body 12 which is stretchable.
And a tension member 13 which is non-stretchable, and includes a mesh body 12.
The shape is defined by locking the tension member 13 to. The mesh 12 has a predetermined one direction A and one direction A.
Can be expanded and contracted in the other direction B, which is different from. A plurality of tension members 13 are provided, and each tension member 13 extends in the other direction. In the present embodiment, one direction A when viewed from the normal direction of the film material.
And the other direction B form a right angle.

The reticulate body 12 has a plurality of composition yarns 14 extending substantially along one direction A, which are interlaced with each other so that a rectangular shape, specifically, a longer diagonal line is arranged in the one direction A and a shorter one is arranged. Rhombus-shaped mesh 1 in which the diagonal line of is arranged in the other direction B
5 is a rhombic net formed so as to have 5. Each composition yarn 14 is a fibrous material formed into a thread shape, that is, a member formed by using fibers, and for example, modified polyphenylene ether fiber (trade name: Zylon) and para-type aramid (para type wholly aromatic polyamide) fiber ( It is formed into a thread shape by high-strength fibers such as trade name: Kevlar).

Each tensile member 13 is a fibrous material formed into a strip shape, and is woven using, for example, a thread made of high-strength fiber similar to the above-mentioned composition thread 14. Each of these tension members 13
Are woven into the mesh body 12 and locked to the mesh body 12.

In the present embodiment, when each tension member 13 divides the rhombus of the mesh 15 into one direction A and assumes two triangles, the triangles arranged in the other direction B differ in the thickness direction. In other words, the thread portions of the composition threads 14 arranged on the sides of the above triangle and arranged in the other direction B are alternately arranged on one side and the other side in the thickness direction of the tensile member 13 so as to be inserted alternately from the side. So that it is woven into the mesh body 12. Each tension member 13 is provided so that each mesh 15 is inserted as described above, and two tension members 13 are inserted through each mesh 15.

The membrane material 11 is tensioned by applying a load, in other words, in a swelled state, the mesh 12 and the tension material 13 are locked to each other by utilizing a frictional force. In the state where no load is applied, each tension member 13 can be easily displaced in the other direction B with respect to the mesh body 12, and thus can be displaced. Therefore, in this state, the mutual positional relationship is adjusted so as to be a predetermined position. . Therefore, the membrane material 11 can prevent the mesh body 12 from expanding and contracting in the other direction B in a swollen state, and can stably hold the shape, and in the relaxed state, the mesh body 1 can be prevented.
Each tension member 13 can be easily displaced in the other direction B with respect to 2, and the expansion and contraction state of the mesh body 12 in the other direction B can be easily adjusted.

As described above, the membrane material 11 is in the form of a net sheet constituted by weaving each tension material 13 in the mesh body 12, and the membrane material 11 forming a part of the outer skin of the airship is shown in FIG.
As shown in, for example, it has the shape of the outer surface of a spheroid obtained by rotating an ellipse around its major axis, and the machine axis L1 coincides with the rotation axis.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the film material 11 in a simplified manner. FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing the film material 11 in a simplified manner. In the present embodiment, the film material 11 has three structural parts, a body part 17, a nose part 19 and a tail part 21.

The body portion 17, which is the first structural portion, is made of the film material 1.
It is a portion arranged at the intermediate portion of the first axial direction. Body 17
Is a coupling part 1 whose both ends in the other direction B are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
As shown in FIG. 5, at 8 points, they are connected to each other, and the central portion in the axial direction is formed into a so-called drum-shaped cylinder that bulges outward in the radial direction compared to the rest, and both axial end portions are open. Has been done. Bonding may be adhesively using an adhesive 16 or mechanically bonded.

This body portion 17 is provided at one position in the circumferential direction at the machine axis L.
1 has a joining portion 18 to be joined. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the coupling portion 18 is formed at the site that is the lowermost side of the airship. In the body 17, one direction A is a direction along a line of intersection between the outer surface of the spheroid and a plane including the machine axis, and the other direction B is a circumferential direction around the machine axis L1.

The nose portion 19 which is the second structural portion is a portion which is disposed at the front end portion which is one end portion in the machine axis direction of the film material 11. The nose portion 19 is formed in a dish shape in which the central portion bulges to one side with respect to the peripheral edge portion, and the peripheral edge portion is connected to one end portion in the machine axis direction of the body portion 17 similar to the above-described connecting portion 20. Are formed and joined to close the body portion 17. In this nose section 19, one direction A is a direction along one plane including the axis L1 and a direction along the outer peripheral surface of the spheroid, and the other direction B is
The direction along the other plane perpendicular to the one plane is the direction along the outer peripheral surface of the spheroid. Here, the one plane is, for example, the machine axis L1.
And a plane including the joint portion 18.

The tail portion 21, which is the third structural portion, is the membrane material 1.
It is a portion arranged at the rear end which is the other end in the machine axis direction. The tail portion 21 is formed in a dish shape in which the central portion bulges to one side with respect to the peripheral edge portion, and the peripheral edge portion is connected to the other end portion in the machine axis direction of the body portion 17 similar to the above-described connecting portion 18. Two
2 are joined together to close the body 17. This aft section 2
1, the directions A and B are the same as the nose section 19.

As described above, the film material 11 is constructed such that the body portion 17 is sandwiched by the nose portion 19 and the tail portion 21 from both sides in the machine axis direction, and is symmetrical with respect to the plane perpendicular to the machine axis L1.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the layer structure of the outer skin, and FIG. 6 (1) shows the layers in a disassembled state.
(2) is shown in a laminated state. Body 1 as described above
7, the film material 11 formed by connecting the nose portion 19 and the tail portion 21 is laminated with other constituent materials for constituting the outer skin on both sides to form the outer skin. The outer skin is basically composed of three layers of a strength retaining layer, a seal layer and a protective layer.
A strength retaining layer is formed by the film material 11 which is a strength member, a gas barrier film 25 is provided as a sealing member forming a seal layer on the inner surface side of the film material 11, and an adhesive is provided on the outer surface side of the film material 11. A protective film 27, which is a protective member, is provided via the layer 26. A protective layer is formed including the adhesive layer 26 and the protective film 27.

The gas barrier film 25 for preventing the levitating gas from leaking is composed of a base layer such as polyethylene and a material having a property of blocking gas such as saponified ethylene vinyl acetate random copolymer (trade name: Eval). It is formed by laminating a gas barrier layer. The gas barrier film 25 is adhered to the film material 11 partially or entirely inside the film material 11 with an adhesive (similar to or similar to the adhesive layer 26) 26a with the gas barrier layer inside. To be done.

Protective film 27 for increasing weather resistance
Is a polyvinyl fluoride film (trade name: Tedlar)
It is a film obtained by vapor deposition of aluminum on. The protective film 27 is adhered to the film material 11 with the aluminum vapor deposition layer disposed on the inner surface side and via the adhesive layer 26, that is, by the urethane-based adhesive of the adhesive layer. At least such a film material 11, a gas barrier film 25, and an adhesive layer 26
And the protective film 27 is laminated to form an outer cover.

In constructing the outer cover in this way, the protective film 27 is adhered to the film material 11 via the adhesive layer 26, so that the adhesive of the adhesive layer 26 causes the reticulate body 12 in the film material 11 and the tensile force. The material 13 and the material 13 are connected to each other to form an integral outer skin.

According to the present embodiment as described above, the film material 11 constituting the outer cover of the airship is composed of the mesh body 12 and the tension material 13.
It is configured by mutually locking and. Net 12
Can be formed of a plurality of fibrous materials, and the dimension in one direction A and the other direction B is hardly limited.
Further, since the tension member 13 can be formed of a fibrous material, the dimension is not restricted by the width dimension of the original fabric as in the case of using the conventional membrane material 1 or the like. So basically to minimize the seam,
It is possible to form the large film material 11 by reducing the number of joints as much as possible. Moreover, the connecting portion 1 as described above
By adopting the structure of 8, 20, and 22, it is possible to reduce the adhesive portion in the path of the transmission of the load F, and to improve the reliability of the strength.

Therefore, as described above, the body portion 17 having only one circumferential joint portion 18 is formed, and the joint portion, that is, the membrane material 11 for the outer skin of a large airship having a small number of joint portions is formed as a whole. be able to. For example, even if the outer skin of a large airship having a machine direction dimension of more than 250 m and a maximum diameter of more than 50 m, the above-mentioned three connecting portions 18, 20, 22 are used to form the outer skin film material 11. Can be formed.

By arranging the joint portion 18 of the body portion 17 in the lower portion which is relatively insensitive to direct sunlight, the strength of the airship is prevented from lowering due to environmental changes caused by temperature rise, and the outer skin of the airship having high strength is provided. Can be formed.

The strength of the film material 11 can be easily changed by changing the strength of each linear body, that is, by changing the materials and dimensions of the composition yarn 14 and the tension material 13.
It has a high degree of freedom in selecting strength and is highly convenient. Further, the mesh body 12 is expandable and contractible, and the tension member 13
Since the longitudinal dimension can be freely determined, the three-dimensional curved structure can be freely formed as described above, and the film material 11 of the outer cover of the airship can be easily formed.

Further, since the tension member 13 is woven into the mesh body 12, the mesh member 12 and the tension member 13 can be adjusted in position relative to each other to adjust the shape of the film member 11, and also the film member. By applying a load to 11 and pulling, the mesh body 12 and the tension member 13 are mutually locked using friction, and the shape of the film member 11 can be fixed. Therefore, since a high-strength membrane structure having an arbitrary shape including a complicated shape can be easily formed, the above-mentioned film material 11 can be easily formed and an outer cover of an airship can be easily formed. it can.

Further, by forming the tension member 13 into a strip shape, the mesh inserted in the thickness direction of the film material 11 can be made as small as possible, so that the load bearing capacity of the gas barrier film can be improved.

FIG. 7 shows a film material 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
It is a perspective view which shows a part of 1a. FIG. 8 is a front view showing a part of the film material 11a. Membrane material 11a of the present embodiment
Are similar to the film material 11 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, only different configurations will be described, and similar configurations will be described.
The same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a part of a film material 11c according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The film material 11c of the present embodiment is the film material 1 of the embodiment shown in FIGS.
The configuration is similar to that of the first embodiment, and only different configurations will be described.

In the film material 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the diamond-shaped mesh 1 is used.
Although the tension members 13 were woven into the mesh 12 so that they would pass through the mesh in the area of the triangle dividing 5 and thus the two tension members 13 would pass through one mesh,
In the film material 11a of the present embodiment, each tension material 13 is arranged at every other row of intersections of the composition threads 14 arranged in the other direction B along the diagonal line of the diamond-shaped mesh 15, Reticulate body 1
Braided in 2. The film material 11a having such a configuration can be used in the same manner as the film material 11 in FIGS. 1 to 6, and the same effect can be obtained.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a part of a film material 11b according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The film material 11b of the present embodiment is similar to the film material 11a of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, only different configurations will be described, and similar configurations will be denoted by the same reference numerals. Is omitted.

In the film material 11a shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the tension members 13 are alternately woven into the mesh body 12. However, the film material 11b of the present embodiment has the tension members 13a and 13b.
The binding wire 30 is used for the net 12 and is tied and bound at the intersection of the composition yarns 14. You may make it unite at all the intersection points, or you may make it unite by selecting some intersection points, but if you unite at all the intersection points, shape stability can be made higher. it can. The binding wire 30 is made of, for example, a fiber material similar to the composition yarn of the mesh body 12. The film material 11b having such a locking structure can be used in the same manner as the film material 11a in FIGS. 7 and 8, and the same effect can be obtained.

In the membrane material 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, each tension material 13
Although the film material 11c of the present embodiment is woven into the mesh body 12, each tension material 13 is provided on one side of the mesh body 12. The tension material 13 is a composition yarn 14 arranged in the other direction B.
Are arranged along the diagonal line of the diamond-shaped mesh 15 along all the rows of the intersection points.

In this state, the net-like body 12 and each tension member 13 are coupled with each other by using an adhesive and are locked to each other. The film material 11c having such a configuration can be used in the same manner as the film material 11 in FIGS. 1 to 6, and the same effect can be obtained except for the effect due to the knitting of the tension material 13.

In addition, in this embodiment, the tensile member 1
Since 3 extends along the diagonal of the diamond-shaped mesh 15, the square-shaped mesh can be changed to the triangular-shaped mesh by combining the mesh-like body 12 and the tension member 13. The triangular shape is a stable shape that is difficult to deform, and as a result, the film material 11c
The shape of can be more reliably stabilized. Moreover, in the present embodiment, since the tension members 13 are arranged along all the rows of intersections arranged in the other direction B, the shape stabilizing effect can be further enhanced.

The high-strength membrane structure may be a structure other than the membrane material for the outer skin of the airship. For example, it may be a pressure vessel or a roof of a dome-shaped building.

[0045]

According to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the number of joints is reduced as much as possible by basically eliminating the joints, and the reliability in strength is dramatically improved. It is possible to form a high-strength membrane structure and a large-sized high-strength membrane structure. Further, it can be easily changed by changing the strength of each linear body, the degree of freedom in selecting the strength is high, and the convenience is excellent. Further, the expansion / contraction state of the net-like body can be adjusted to easily form a high-strength structure having any shape including a three-dimensional curved surface shape.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a structure having a complicated shape can be easily formed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, by providing the tensile member on the diagonal line of the mesh of the mesh body, the triangular mesh is formed and the shape of the high strength membrane structure can be stabilized.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to realize a multi-layer structure having high strength, weather resistance and gas barrier property, and for example, it is possible to preferably form an outer cover of an airship.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a film material 1 for an outer cover of an airship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It is a perspective view which shows a part of 1.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a film material 11.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a simplified film material 11.

FIG. 4 is a bottom view showing the film material 11 in a simplified manner.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a joint portion 18.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the layer structure of the outer cover.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of a film material 11a according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a part of the film material 11a.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a part of a film material 11b according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a film material 11c according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
It is a front view showing a part of.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing an outer cover 3 of a conventional airship 2.

12 is a cross-sectional view showing section line S12-S12 in FIG.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view showing a joint portion of structural materials.

[Explanation of symbols]

11, 11a to 11c Membrane material 12,12d mesh 13 Tensile material 14 Composition yarn 15,15d mesh

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 4F100 AK01C AK04 AK17 AK47                       AK54 AK68 AR00C BA02                       BA03 BA10A BA10B BA10C                       DC16 DG07B DG13A GB31                       JD02C

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A high-strength membrane structure comprising a stretchable mesh and a non-stretchable tension member, the shape of which is defined by locking the tension member to the mesh. body. 2. The high-strength membrane structure according to claim 1, wherein the tensile member is knitted into a mesh body. 3. The high-strength membrane structure according to claim 1, wherein the reticulate body has a quadrangular mesh, and the tensile member extends in a diagonal line of the mesh. 4. A protective member having weather resistance is laminated on the outer surface side of the high-strength membrane structure according to claim 1, and a sealing member for blocking gas is laminated on the inner surface side of the membrane material. A multi-layered structure characterized by being configured as follows.