JP2002522005A - Molded product manufacturing and molded product manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY A molding apparatus is disclosed that includes a transfer element (12) having a holding cavity (14) for receiving one charge of manufacturing material therein. A molding material in particulate or molten form is supplied into the heating passage (30) by a supply spiral (40) in a tube (36). A plunger (42) discharges the molten molding material along the passage (30) into the holding cavity (14). Next, the transfer element (12) is moved to a position where the holding cavity (14) is centered with the opening (18) in the receiving plate (16). The opening (18) communicates with a mold cavity (20) having the shape of the product to be manufactured. A second plunger (46) discharges the charge of molten molding material from the holding cavity (14) through the opening (18) into the mold cavity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention The present invention relates to the production of a molded product and an apparatus for producing a molded product. Background of the Invention Many different technologies are used industrially, whereby products are produced using synthetic plastic materials. The most common technique is injection molding. Injection molding can produce complex products. Due to the high pressure required, the strength of the injection molding machine must be very high. Similarly, the mold used must be able to withstand high internal pressures. A molding method that does not require such high pressure is known as compression molding. In this method, one shot of molten synthetic plastic material is fed into the cavity of the female part. The male part is then pressed into the female part, the volume of the cavity is reduced and a force is applied to the plastic material, which takes the form of the space remaining between the two mold parts. The pressure generated in the cavity is lower than the pressure used in injection molding. This technology is widely used for products such as bottle caps that require short cycle times and high manufacturing capacity. This technology has limitations as long as it relates to the shape it can produce. For example, it cannot produce parts with undercuts. If the part has a constant cross section throughout, it can be extruded. Extrusion uses a die through which molten synthetic plastic material is extruded. Of course, this technique can only be used if the product has a constant cross section throughout. Therefore, it is used in the manufacture of tubes, strips and bars. Another known technique is thermoforming. This technique involves placing a heated and thus softened sheet of synthetic plastic material between two molds, and then closing the mold to conform the sheet to the shape of the mold. In one embodiment of this technique, a vacuum is applied to the underside of the sheet to assist in drawing the sheet into the lower mold. There is a need in the plastics industry for a technology that can mold any shape achievable by injection molding, while at the same time producing products in volumes and sizes larger than those that can be injection molded. In the ceramics industry, the use of composite materials filled with sintered metal and carbon and glass fibers is increasing, and the present invention therefore aims to provide a new method of manufacturing parts using these materials. And Injection molding is not a method that can be used with filled plastics because the fibers can pack so-called pin gates through which the material flows into the mold. Current methods of manufacturing parts from ceramics use injection molding, but this method can only produce small parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to one embodiment of the invention, a transfer element defining a holding cavity boundary for a molding material, a passage leading to the holding cavity, and a molding material passing into the passage while the transfer element is in the first position. Means for discharging the transfer element between the first position and the second position, and means for transferring the transfer element between the first position and the second position. And a plunger for press-fitting the molding material from the holding cavity into the molding cavity. Preferably, the device also comprises heating means for heating said holding cavity and means for heating said passage. The molding material may be supplied to the molding passage in molten form. However, it is preferred that the device comprises means for supplying molding material to the passage in particulate form, and that the material is melted in the passage. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes means for reciprocating the transfer element between the first and second positions along a linear path. In this embodiment, the transfer element has at least one bore therein for receiving a reciprocable pin, the pin having a cam surface inclined with respect to the direction in which the pin reciprocates. The surface abuts on the transfer element when a pin is inserted into the bore, thereby camming the transfer element in one direction between the positions, and the transfer element In addition, means may be included for moving the transfer element between the positions in the other direction when a pin is withdrawn from the bore. In another embodiment of the device, the transfer element is a shaft having a lateral bore forming the holding cavity, the shaft being arranged in a sleeve, the sleeve being circumferentially spaced in its wall. First, second and third openings, the first of the openings forming the passage, the second of the openings communicating a holding cavity with a mold cavity during use, and the third of the openings. An opening allows the plunger to enter the holding cavity, second and third openings are disposed on diametrically opposite sides, and the sleeve connects the holding cavity when the shaft is in its first position. A means is provided for closing on the opposite side of the first opening and for rotating the shaft, whereby the first opening communicates with a holding cavity in a first position, and in the holding cap. The axis is moved between the second and third openings where the vitities are centered and the second position. The volume of the passage is larger than the volume of the holding cavity to allow the molding material to stay in the passage for a sufficient time for melting, in which case the passage has sufficient molding to fill the holding cavity multiple times. It may include a volume of material. A molding apparatus includes a plurality of holding cavities in the transfer element, a plurality of passages, a plurality of means for discharging molding material along the passages into the holding cavities, and a molding material from the holding cavities. Preferably, a plurality of plungers for press-fitting into a molding cavity or a plurality of molding cavities. In this embodiment, the holding cavities may have different volumes. In a special embodiment of the molding device, the transfer element is constituted by the disk mounted for rotation about the center of the disk and having a plurality of holding cavities in the disk, wherein the disk is the first A first plurality of reciprocally movable plungers constituting the means for moving molding material along the path into the holding cavity while in position; and forming the molding material from the holding cavity in one form. A second plurality of reciprocable plungers for press-fitting into the cavity or the plurality of molding cavities are provided. According to another embodiment of the invention, discharging molding material into the holding cavity while the holding cavity is in the first position, and moving the holding cavity from the first position to the second position. And discharging the molding material from the holding cavity into the molding cavity when the holding cavity is in the second position. The method includes moving a first plunger along a path within a forward stroke to discharge the molding material from the path into the holding cavity; and moving a holding cavity to the second position. Moving the first plunger within a return stroke; moving the second plunger within a forward stroke to discharge the molding material from the holding cavity into the mold cavity; Moving the plunger within the return stroke, and returning the holding cavity to its first position. Preferably, molding material is supplied into the passage after the first plunger has performed its return stroke. Preferably, molding material is supplied to the passage in particulate form, and the method includes heating the molding material in the passage. It is also desirable to heat the molding material in the holding cavity. Preferably, the method includes discharging the molding material into a plurality of holding cavities, and discharging the molding material from the holding cavities into a molding cavity or a plurality of molding cavities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which are shown by way of example herein. In the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show the operation of a first embodiment of the molding apparatus according to the invention, FIGS. 3 and 4 show the operation of a second embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, and FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a molding apparatus according to the invention, FIG. 6 shows some components of the structure of the apparatus of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 shows a view of the components of FIG. 6 from another direction, 8 is a perspective view of the structure in which the synthetic plastic material pellets are melted, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the structure of FIG. 8 as viewed from the opposite side, and FIG. 10 is a hydraulically operated mechanism. FIG. 11 is another exploded view of a hydraulically operated mechanism, FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a part of a material supply device, FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the device, 14 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the device, and FIG. 15 shows an enlarged view of details of the device of FIG. . Detailed description of the drawings Referring first to FIG. 1, the illustrated apparatus 10 includes a transfer element, which is in the form of a plate 12 having a holding cavity 14 therein. The device further comprises a receiving element, which is in the form of a plate 16 having an opening 18 therein. The opening 18 communicates with a mold cavity 20, which is bounded by a mold 22, which has a male portion 24 and a female portion 26. The female part 26 is fixed to the plate 16 and the male part 24 is movable between a mold open position and a mold closed position as indicated by the double arrow A1. A heating element 28 is embedded in the plate 12 and heats the holding cavity 14. The cavity 14 communicates with a passage 30 defined by a sleeve 32, which is surrounded by a heating element 34. A tube 36 leads from the overhead hopper 38 to the passage 30, and a spiral 40 is provided in the tube 36. In use, the spiral 40 is rotated to supply the molding material in particulate form from the hopper 38 to the passage 30. Element 34 melts the molding compound and element 28 serves to maintain the molding compound in a molten state while the molding compound is in the holding cavity 14. The plunger 42 is movable within a forward stroke and a return stroke as indicated by the double arrow A2. The stroke length of the plunger is indicated by lines S1 and S2. When the front of the plunger is moved back to S1, the particulate material is supplied to the passage 30. When the front of the plunger moves from S1 to S2, one charge of molding material is moved into the holding cavity 14 along the passage 30. The apparatus further includes a second passage 44 along which the second plunger 46 moves as indicated by the double arrow A3. The stroke of plunger 46 is shown between lines S3 and S4. The passage 44 is constituted by a fixed sleeve 48. The means for reciprocating the plunger may be a cam rotatable by a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, or a reciprocating cam having an inclined cam surface. Sleeves 32 and 48, plate 16 and female portion 26 are fixed and supported by a frame (not shown) of the device. In the position shown in FIG. 1, the plunger 42 is shown in its forward position where it has transferred one charge of molding material along the passage 30 into the holding cavity 14. The force applied by plunger 42 is sufficient to fill holding cavity 14 with molten molding material and expel all air from holding cavity 14. Plunger 46 is in its retracted position of S3. In this position, its front is exactly at the same position as the plane of the plate 12. The mold parts 24 and 26 are pressed together to form the mold cavity 20. Next, the plate 12 is moved rightward from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. The holding cavity 14 moves from a position where it is centered with the passage 30 to a position where it is centered with the passage 44. The portion of the plate 12 on the left side of the cavity 14 closes the outlet end of the passage 30. The plunger 42 retracts into the position S1 after the passage 30 has been closed by the plate 12, and the spiral 40 supplies the molding material along the tube 36 to the passage 30. The heating element 34 melts the molding material in the passage. This material is preferably a synthetic plastic in particle form. Immediately after the holding cavity 14 is centered with the passage 44 and the opening 18, the plastic 46 moves in its advance stroke, thereby forcing a charge of the molding material from the holding cavity 14 through the opening 18 into the mold cavity 20. . The front of the plunger 42 stops at S4 and forms part of the boundary wall of the cavity 20. As soon as the charge of material hardens in the mold cavity 20, the plunger 46 retracts to the position shown at S3 and moves away from the mold part. The plate 12 returns to the position shown in FIG. 1, after which the plunger 42 advances to refill the holding cavity 14 with the molten molding material, thereby starting the next cycle. The passage 30 has a length sufficient to contain, for example, sufficient molding material to fill the holding cavity about 30 times. This allows the molding material to stay in the passage for a time sufficient to melt. A mixing and plasticizing device may be provided in the passage, and ventilation means may be provided for uniformly mixing the molding material reaching the holding cavity and for removing the vapor. Such devices are known in injection molding devices and therefore will not be described in detail here. 3 and 4, the transfer plate has the shape of a rotatable shaft 50 and the receiving plate has the shape of a sleeve 52. Shaft 50 has a lateral bore 54, and bore 54 has a holding cavity 14. Form one. Shaft 50 is in sleeve 52 and the sleeve has three circumferentially spaced openings 56, 58 and 60. In the illustrated embodiment, openings 58 and 60 are located diametrically on both sides and are perpendicular to opening 56. Other components shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and corresponding to those in FIGS. 1 and 2 have the same reference numerals with the suffix ". 1 ". Plunger 42. 1 passes the molten molding material through passages 30. 1 along the inner hole 54. As soon as the holding cavity defined by the inner hole 54 is filled with the molding compound, the shaft 50 is rotated by 90 °. This centers the inner bore 54 with the openings 58 and 60 and then the plungers 46. 1 is moved from the retracted position of S3 to its advanced position of S4, thereby discharging the charge into the mold cavity. Plunger 46. as soon as the plastic material in the mold has cured. 1 is retracted, shaft 50 is rotated back to the starting position and the cycle is repeated. 3 and 4 are shown schematically and it can be seen that the volume of the bore 54 is shown enlarged relative to the volume of the mold cavity 20. 5 includes a set of plates 62, 64, 66, 68 and 70 which are held together by a rod 72, which acts as both a tie rod and a guide rod. In order to show the structure clearly, the plates are shown at wider intervals than they actually are. Rods 72 extend through these plates near the corners of these plates. A structure, generally indicated at 74, is mounted on a plate 68. The plate 66 supports the structure 76, which melts the synthetic plastic material to be molded and the material reaches the structure 76 from the overhead hopper 78 through a plurality of tubes 80. Only five tubes 80 are shown. However, in this embodiment of the device, eight tubes 80 are provided. Structure 82 supplies molten plastic material from structure 76 to structure 74. The operating mechanism for structure 82 is shown at 84. The cylinder 86 mounted on the plate 62 serves to rotate some of the components of the structure 74, and the mold into which the molten synthetic plastic material is pressed is mounted on the side of the plate 70, 70 is not shown in FIG. Structure 74 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) includes front and rear steel plates 86 and 88, front and rear intermediate steel plates 90 and 92, and rotatable disk 94. Plates 90 and 92 and disk 94 may be other synthetic plastics such as "Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene)" or "PEEK (polyetheretherketone)" or a metal or alloy having a low coefficient of friction. The rear plate 88 has a central bore 96 therein and sixteen through bores 98 in a ring arrangement. The rear plate 88 also has an opening 100 through which a stud can be passed. The front plate 86 has eight through-holes 102 in a ring arrangement and openings 104 for receiving studs. The intermediate plate 92 has sixteen through holes 106 in a ring arrangement, each of which is coaxial with the hollow boss 108. A recess 110 is provided in the plane of the plate 92, and the depth of the recess is half the thickness of the disk 94. A central bore 112 is also provided in plate 92. The plate 90 also has a ring array of through holes 114, but this ring array of holes only comprises eight holes. A boss 116 projects from this surface of plate 90 adjacent plate 86, and boss 116 is coaxial with bore 114. A recess 118 (FIG. 7) similar to recess 110 in plate 92 is provided in the plane of plate 90, opposite the surface from which bosses 116 protrude. The disk 94 has sixteen bores 120 in a ring arrangement and has a central non-circular center bore 122. Plates 86 and 88 have recesses 124 and 126. 6 and 7 are assembled by inserting the intermediate plate 92 into the recess 126 of the plate 88 such that the boss 108 passes through the bore 98. Boss 108 protrudes from bore 98 on the side of plate 88 opposite the side on which plate 92 is positioned. Next, the disk 94 is inserted into the recess 110 of the plate 92. At this stage, half of the thickness of the disk 94 protrudes from the recess 110. The plates 86 and 90 are assembled in the same manner as the plates 88 and 92, with the boss 116 passing through and projecting from the bore 102. Studs, which may be separate elements or secured to various plates, are passed through openings 100 and 104 to clamp plates 86 and 88 together, while simultaneously connecting plates 90 and 92 and disk 94 therebetween. Clamp. The portions of the plates 90 and 92 surrounding the recess provided to receive the disk 94 form an abutting rim and the disk is freely rotatable within the cavity provided by the recesses 110 and 118. Next, the entire structure 74 is pressed into the recess 128 in the plate 68. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the plate 68 has 16 through-holes 130 arranged therein, and the through-holes 130 receive the bosses 108. Plate 68 also has a central bore 132. Structure 76 (FIGS. 8 and 9) is in the form of a cylindrical metal block 134, which has a central bore 136 and eight larger diameter bores 138 and eight smaller diameter bores in a ring arrangement. It has an inner hole 140. The inner holes 138 and 140 are alternately arranged. Each large diameter bore 138 is partially plugged at one end by a short bar 142 of copper or other metal having an outer flute 144. Bar 142 is press fit into bore 138. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 8, the bar 142 protrudes from one side of the block 134. The flutes 144 define a passageway and allow the molding material to be fed into the structure 74 from the rear portion of the bore 138, as described in more detail below. The protruding bar 142 fits within every other boss 108 of the plate 92. To increase the temperature of the block 134, a heating element 146 surrounding the outer surface of the block 134 and a heating element 148 surrounding the inner hole 136 are provided. Referring now to FIGS. 10 and 11, the structure 82 and the mechanism 84 include a first cylinder 150 having a cylindrical side wall 152 and an end wall 154. Sixteen through holes 156 are provided in a circular array within end wall 154. End wall 154 also has a central bore 158. A piston 160 comprising a piston disc 162 and eight equally spaced plungers 164 projecting from one surface of the piston disc 162 fits in the cylinder 150. Plungers 164 extend through every other inner bore 156 in end wall 154. In the disk 162, through holes 166 are provided alternately with the plungers 164. Disc 162 also has a central bore 168. In order to seal between the disk 162 and the cylinder side wall 152, sealing means (not shown) is provided around the disk 162. The second cylinder 170 also comprises a cylindrical side wall (shown at 172) and an end wall (shown at 174). A central bore 176 is provided in the end wall 174, and eight equally spaced through bores 178 are further provided in the end wall 174. A second piston 180 comprising a piston disk 182 with eight equally spaced plungers 184 fits within the cylinder 170. Disc 182 also has a central bore 186. The sealing means between the disk 182 and the side wall 172 of the cylinder 170 is not shown. The plunger 184 extends through the bore 178 of the end wall 174, the bore 166 of the disk 162, and the alternate bore 156 of the end wall 154. A third cylinder 188 is also provided, having a cylindrical side wall 190 and an end wall 192. End wall 192 has a central bore 194 therein. A piston 196 including a disk 198 with a projection shaft 200 projecting from the center of one surface of the disk 198 fits within the cylinder 188. The shaft 200 has a spiral spline 202. The sealing means between the disc 198 and the wall 190 is not shown. Shaft 204 (not shown in FIG. 10) passes through central bores 194, 186, 176, 168, 158, 96 and 112 and into bore 122 of disk 94. The end of the shaft 204 has the same non-circular shape as the inner hole 122. The shaft 204 has a socket 206 with a groove therein, and the socket 206 receives the protruding shaft 200. The shaft 204 can rotate, but has limited axial movement. The cover plate 208 (FIG. 10) closes the cylinder 188. Further sealing means is provided at a position where the shaft 204 passes through the end walls 154, 174 and 192 of the cylinders 150, 170 and 188. Sealing means are also provided at positions where the plungers 184 pass through the bores 166 and 178 and where the plungers 164 and 184 pass through the through bores 156 in the end wall 154. An inlet for pressurized hydraulic working fluid is provided in the cylindrical side walls 152,172,190. This allows pressurized hydraulic working fluid to be supplied to the opposite side of the piston disks 162, 182, 198, so that the pistons can reciprocate within their cylinders. A small gap is provided between the rear surface of block 134 and the front surface of end wall 154 of cylinder 150. Sixteen tubes 210 (FIG. 12) bridge this gap, each of which has a side inlet 212 for synthetic plastic material pellets. A step is formed outside the tube 210, thereby forming a plug 214. Each inlet 212 has one feed tube 80 coupled to it, and each feed tube has a spiral therein, thereby feeding pellets from the hopper 78 along the tubes to the inlet and into the hopper 78. Is connected to the other end of the tube. This type of feeder is available commercially and will not be described in further detail here. One such device is known as a "Transittube" device. Plug 214 fits within the rearward end of bore 138. Referring now to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 schematically illustrates structures 74 and 76 and mechanism 82. FIG. 13 also shows the cavity plate 216 and the core plate 218. This figure is a schematic, in which certain lumens are not shown in exact locations and some components are shown side by side, in which case these components are spaced apart . The cavity plate 216 has eight cavities 220 in a ring arrangement therein, each of which has the external shape of a bottle cap as an example. The plate 216 is fixed at the entrance to the cavity 220 whose core coincides with the boss 116 of the plate 90. Plate 218 is capable of reciprocating movement toward and away from plate 216 and supports eight cores 222 in a ring arrangement, with cores 222 moving into and out of cavity 220. . The core 222 has the same shape as the internal shape of the bottle cap. The cores 222 each include a pin for pulling the molded bottle cap away from the core and may be foldable depending on the internal shape of the cap. In use, the spiral in supply tube 80 is switched on, whereby pellets of synthetic plastic material are supplied to tube 210, which provides a bridge communication between structures 74 and 76. At the same time, the heating elements 146, 148 of the block 134 are switched on, which raises the temperature of the block to a level sufficient to melt the pellets. Hydraulic working fluid is supplied under pressure to the rear surface of piston 160, which causes piston 160 to move along cylinder 150. The plunger 164 slides in the end plate 154 and into the pellet-filled tube 210, thereby forcing the pellet into the portion of the inner hole 138 on the rear side of the bar 142. Since the bores 138 each have a multiple of the volume of the bore 120, several strokes of the piston 160 are required during startup to fill the bore 138 with a plastic material. As block 134 is heated, the material in bore 138 softens. As soon as the bore 138 is filled, the next advance stroke of the plunger 164 forces the molten plastic material along the flute 144 through every other through bore 98 and into the through bore 120 of the disk 94. . At this stage, since the through hole 120 in the disk 94 is centered with the through hole 106 in the intermediate plate 92, the plunger 164 slides in the through hole 106, These holes are not centered with the through holes of the plate 90. Thus, every other through-bore in the disk 94 is filled with one charge of plastic material. This charge is a volume equal to the volume of the final product. Plunger 164 is retracted by supplying hydraulic working fluid to the other side of piston 160. Plunger 164 retracts enough to cross inlet 212 to tube 210 so that the spiral can supply other pellets to tube 210. Thus, in use, each reciprocating movement of plunger 164 supplies eight charges of material into eight through holes 120 in disk 94. Hydraulic working fluid is supplied to one side of the piston disc 198 while both plungers 164 and 184 are retracted. Thus, the shaft 200 moves within a forward stroke or a backward stroke. The splines 202 on the shafts 22. Rotate by 5 °. This causes the empty through-bore 120 in the disk 94 to rotate the disk 94 to a position where the plunger 164 slides therein and is centered with the bore in the plate 92 closed by the plate 90. Is enough. At the same time, the filled through hole 120 in the disk 94 is centered with the hole 114 in the plate 90. In the next forward stroke of the plunger 164, the empty through-bore 120 of the disk 94 is filled with molten material. The plunger 184 must move through all of the plates 86, 88, 90 and 92, and also through the disk 94, so that the plunger 184 moves further forward than the plunger 164. The plunger 184 is now centered with these through bores 120 of the disk 94 already filled with molten plastic material. This is because the disk 94 has been rotated and the filled inner hole 120 has been centered with the plunger 184. Core 222 is now in cavity 220 and plate 218 is hydraulically clamped to plate 216. The pressurized hydraulic working fluid is then supplied to the rear surface of piston 180, thereby exerting a force on piston 180 and plunger 184 in a forward stroke. The plunger 184 slides in the centered through holes in the plates 86, 88, 90, 92 and the disk 94, and the tip of the plunger 184 is in the same plane position as the interface between the plates 86 and 92. To reach. In this manner, a charge of molten material is forced into cavity 220, and a molding pressure is applied and shaped. The front surface of the plunger 184 forms part of the cavity wall. Next, the piston 184 is retracted by supplying hydraulic working fluid to the other side of the piston 180. The plungers 184 must be retracted to a position where their tips just cross the disk 94. As soon as this stage is reached, the shaft 204 moves in the opposite direction by supplying hydraulic working fluid to the other side of the piston disc 198. Rotated by 5 °. This causes eight other charges of molten synthetic plastic material to be centered with plunger 184 and the eight now-through holes in disk 94 being now centered with plunger 164. Next, the above cycle is repeated. When the plunger 184 retracts, the core 222 retracts into the plate 218, and the core 222 is pre-folded if a foldable core type is used. At the same time, the plates 216 and 218 separate, allowing the molded product to be ejected by the ejector pins. Next, plates 216 and 218 move in the opposite direction and are clamped, core 222 moves into cavity 220 and plunger 184 once again moves in the forward direction to move the other eight charges of plastic material into cavity 220. Press Instead of using an ejector pin supported by the core 222, an arrangement may be made in which the cap remains in the cavity 220 and is ejected by the part of the plunger 184 that moves forward at the end of the molding cycle. If an air supply pipe is provided at the center of each plunger 184, which communicates with the respective cavity, the molten synthetic plastic material can be blown into a hollow shape. It is also possible for each plunger 184 to be hollow over a short length of the plunger 184 to a position just behind the front surface forming part of the cavity wall. The hollow interior of the shaft is connected to the cavity by a number of small holes. Usually pins in the hollow interior of the shaft close these holes. The hollow interior of each shaft is connected to a source of pressurized colorant. At the end of each molding cycle, means are provided for the pin to be retracted from the hole for a short time so that the colorant can be ejected from the hole onto the top surface of the molding cap. With proper placement of small holes, designs and / or characters can be "drawn" on the outer surface of the cap in a dot matrix fashion. If the material to be molded is a powdered metal such as, for example, aluminum to be subsequently sintered or ceramic to be subsequently flame-treated, the heating means of the block 134 may be omitted. The disk 94 includes: Instead of swinging back and forth by 5 °, it may be rotated step by step in the same direction. In another embodiment of the device according to the invention, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, in the gap enclosed between the front and rear plates 226 and 228, the transfer element 224 is arranged as indicated by the double-headed arrow A4. It is reciprocated. The front plate 226 has an opening 230 therein that forms a portion of the passage 30 immediately adjacent to the element 224, and also has an opening 232 therein for receiving the plunger 234. The rear plate 228 has an opening 236 that opens into a female cavity in the mold plate 238. A male mold 240 is mounted on another mold plate 242. Hydraulic means for clamping plates 238 and 240 together are not shown. Plates 224, 226 and 228 may all be "Teflon" or any other low friction, low surface tension material. The barrel and screws 244 and 246 of the extruder form a means for supplying molten molding material to a holding cavity, indicated at 248 and provided within element 224. The plunger 234 is moved within a forward stroke and a return stroke by a hydraulic cylinder 250 and is guided by a pair of bushes 252 sliding on a guide rod 254 so as to perform a linear motion. A stopper (not shown) controls the movement of the plunger 234, the forward position of S4 where the tip of the plunger 234 coincides with the plane of the plate 238 and forms part of the wall of the mold cavity, and the movement of the plunger 234. The tip restricts between the retracted position of S3 which crosses the element 224. Plate 242 moves away from plate 238 and plate 238 moves away from plate 228 to allow the molding cap to protrude from the mold cavity. A pin (not shown) that forms part of the male mold exerts a force on the cap to pull the cap away from the male mold, so that the cap falls between plates 228 and 238. Referring to FIG. 15, a pin 256 having a cam surface 258 is shown. The pin is fixed to plate 242 and extends into a bore in element 224. A spring or fluid cylinder (not shown) moves element 224 to the position shown in FIG. When the mold is closed, the pin 256 enters the bore 260 and the cam surface 258 of the pin 256 moves the element 224 to the right as viewed in FIG. Thus, pin 256 not only provides a means for moving element 224, but also provides a means for positioning element 224 such that opening 236 and plunger 234 are accurately centered. Two or more pins and bores are provided. Cooling means, such as a water jacket and a supply of cold water, may be provided to the mold cavity to reduce cycle time. Although all of the illustrated embodiments of the apparatus are shown as having a single holding cavity, it is desirable to provide multiple holding cavities and multiple plungers. The plunger may discharge the plastic material into one or more molding cavities. In a first embodiment, one piece can be formed having a volume equal to the sum of the volumes of the holding cavities. In a second embodiment, a plurality of the same or different parts can be formed. For example, all parts for one product can be manufactured in one cycle. The parts can be different plastics and / or different colors, since each holding cavity is individually supplied with molding compound. Because none of the above embodiments of the apparatus include narrow gates, sprues and clogged runners, a much wider range of materials can be formed in the apparatus than can be formed with currently available injection molding machines. There will be. For example, a synthetic plastics material with fibers dispersed therein can be molded because there is no pin gate that can be clogged. If the materials used in the construction of the device can withstand the temperatures that have to be achieved, the shaping of glassware is possible.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, L U, MC, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ, CF) , CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (GH, KE, LS, MW, S D, SZ, UG, ZW), EA (AM, AZ, BY, KG) , KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), AL, AM, AT , AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CU, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, F I, GB, GE, GH, HU, ID, IL, IS, JP , KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MK, MN, M W, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD , SE, SG, SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM, TR, TT, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN, YU, ZW

Claims (1)

[Claims]   1. A transfer element forming a boundary of a holding cavity for the molding material; A passage leading to the holding cavity and the transfer element in a first position; Means for discharging molding material along said passage into said holding cavity. Moving the transfer element between the first position and the second position Means for transferring and forming said transfer element while said transfer element is in its second position. Plunger for press-fitting the molding material from the holding cavity into the molding cavity And a molding apparatus.   2. 2. The molding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising heating means for heating said holding cavity. .   3. 3. The molding apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising another heating means for heating said passage.   4. 4. The method of claim 3 including means for supplying molding material to said passage in particulate form. Shaped device.   5. The means for moving molding material along the path is another plunger. The molding device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein   6. Moving the transfer element between the first and second positions along a straight path 2. The molding apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for reciprocating at a speed.   7. The transfer element receives a reciprocable pin therein. And the pin is inclined relative to the direction in which the pin reciprocates. Having a cam surface, and when the pin is inserted into the bore, the surface is Abut on the element, thereby causing the transfer element to move in one direction between the positions. Cam, and the transfer element is in it, and the pin is out of the bore. The transfer element is moved in the other direction between the positions when retracted. 7. The molding apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising means for causing the molding apparatus to perform the molding.   8. Closing the holding cavity on the side of the holding cavity away from the passage Another element to be chained, having an opening therein, wherein the transfer element is 2, the opening is aligned with the holding cavity and the other The molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, including an element.   9. The transfer element has a lateral bore forming the holding cavity Shaft disposed in a sleeve, the sleeve being circumferentially spaced within its wall. Remote arrangement First, second, and third openings, the first of the openings defining the passage. A second of said openings connects the holding cavity with the mold cavity during use, and And the third opening allows the plunger to enter the holding cavity. And the second and third openings are diametrically located on opposite sides and the axis is in its first position. When in the position, the sleeve causes the holding cavity to be opposite the first opening. And means for rotating said shaft, whereby said first opening is provided. A first position in which the mouth communicates with the holding cavity, and wherein the holding cavity is Moving said axis between second and third openings and said second position to be centered; The molding apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4.   10. The volume of the passage is greater than the volume of the holding cavity, in this case 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the passage includes a volume of molding material sufficient to fill the holding cavity multiple times. Any one of the molding devices according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   11. A plurality of holding cavities in the transfer element, a plurality of passages, A plurality of means for discharging a molding material along the passage into the holding cavity; , And molding material from the holding cavity to one molding cavity or a plurality of The molding apparatus of claim 1 including a plurality of plungers for press-fitting into the molding cavity. Place.   12. The transfer element of claim 11, wherein the transfer elements have different volumes of holding cavities. Molding equipment.   13. The transfer element is mounted so that it rotates around the center of the disc And said disk having a plurality of holding cavities in the disk. Holding the molding material along a path while the disc is in the first position. First reciprocable plurality comprising said means for moving into a cavity Plunger and the molding material from the holding cavity into one molding cap. Reciprocating second die for press-fitting into a cavity or a plurality of molding cavities. 2. The molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a number of plungers are provided.   14． A first reciprocally movable first plunger in a first cylinder; Of the first piston for reciprocating the first piston. Means are provided for supplying pressurized fluid to the cylinders of the second plurality. Plunger reciprocates in the second cylinder axially centered with the first cylinder Supported by a movable second piston, wherein the second piston is reciprocated. Means for supplying pressurized fluid to the second cylinder to provide A plurality of plungers are in the first piston and at an end of the first cylinder 14. The molding device according to claim 13, wherein the molding device penetrates through a wall.   15. A third piston, a third cylinder, and a third piston For supplying pressurized fluid to a third cylinder for reciprocating movement within the cylinder Means coupled to said disc at one end and to a third piston at the other end. A shaft is provided, and the reciprocating motion of the third piston in the third cylinder rotates the shaft And an axis for moving said disc between said first and second positions. 15. The molding apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a connection with the third piston is formed. .   16. The first and second cylinders and the first and second pistons are A third piston and the disk are provided between the first and second discs. 2 through the piston and through the end walls of the first and second cylinders. 5. Molding device.   17． Discharging the molding material into the holding cavity; A third step taken by the holding cavity when the molding material is discharged into the holding cavity. Moving from the first position to the second position; and Is discharged from the holding cavity into the molding cavity when it is in the position And a molding method.   18. Moving the first plunger along the path within the forward stroke Discharging a molding material from the passage into the holding cavity; To the second position, and returning the first plunger to a stroke Moving the second plunger within a forward stroke. Discharging molding material from said holding cavity into said mold cavity; Moving the second plunger within the return stroke; and 18. The method of claim 17, including returning the tee to its first position.   19. After the first plunger has performed its return stroke, the molding material is removed. 19. The method of claim 18, comprising feeding into said passage.   20. 20. The method of claim 19, comprising heating the molding material in the passage.   21. 18. The method of claim 17, including heating a molding material in the holding cavity. Law.   22. Discharging molding material into a plurality of holding cavities; and The material is removed from the holding cavity into a molding cavity or a plurality of molding cavities. Inside 22. The method according to any of claims 17 to 21, comprising discharging.   23. 23. The method of claim 22, including the step of providing different volumes of holding cavities. Law.   24. A contract including the step of supplying different types of molding materials to the holding cavities. 24. The method of claim 22 or 23.