JP2002303819A - Video display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a video display device which makes it possible to excellently observe video by making the luminous flux from a video display element always pass through the pupil of the eye without using any mechanical driving means. SOLUTION: The video display device includes the video display element 21, a projection optical system which projects its video, a light source 23 which lights up the video display element 21, and a lighting optical system 24. The projection optical system has a reflecting surface 22' and the light source 23 is constituted by arranging a plurality of light source elements so that irradiation with illumination light can be selected by areas. The light source 23 is arranged almost at the conjugation position by the lighting optical system and projection optical system to the pupil position of the observer's eyeball E and a plurality of light sources can light the video display element 21 selectively with the illumination light of an area corresponding to the position conjugate to the pupil of the observer's eyeball.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a video display device,
In particular, the present invention relates to a head-mounted or face-mounted video display device that is mounted on a head or a face of an observer and can observe an image displayed on a video display element.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an optical system of a conventional eye projection type head mounted image display apparatus, for example, FIG.
One such as shown in FIG. 18 shown in US Pat. No. 36,818 is known. In the optical system shown in FIG. 17, a liquid crystal display (LCD) 1 is illuminated by a backlight 2 and an eyepiece 3 is illuminated.
Then, the image of the LCD 1 is formed on the retina 6 of the eye 4 through the lens 5 of the eye 4 of the observer.

In the optical system shown in FIG. 18, an LCD 12 is illuminated using a point light source 11, and an image of the LCD 12 is projected onto a retina 16 of the eyeball 14 via an eyepiece 13 and a crystalline lens 15 of an eyeball 14 of an observer. Is done. In this case, since the point light source 11 forms an image on the pupil of the eyeball 14, the image on the LCD 12 can be observed regardless of visual acuity. For this reason, diopter correction is not required, and correction is unnecessary even in the case of astigmatism.

However, in the optical system as shown in FIG. 17, if the exit pupil of the projection optical system (eyepiece) is small, it is necessary to adjust the interpupillary distance, or the pupil becomes luminous when the line of sight looks at the edge of the screen. There is a phenomenon that the image goes out of view and becomes invisible.

In order to solve this, FIG.
As shown in (b), it is effective to increase the diameter a of the exit pupil P of the projection optical system. That is, FIG.
In the case of (2), even if the position of the eyeball E deviates from the center of the light beam, the pupil does not become out of the light beam. Therefore, in particular, there is no need to adjust the interpupillary distance. In the case of FIG. Does not fall outside the light flux, and the image does not disappear when the line of sight looks at the edge of the screen.

However, if the diameter of the exit pupil of the projection optical system is to be increased in this way, it becomes difficult to correct the aberration of the projection optical system, so that the configuration is complicated and must be increased.

Further, since the diopter differs for each observer, a diopter correction mechanism is required in the projection optical system.

In an optical system as shown in FIG.
Since the luminous flux must be made to coincide with the pupil, an adjustment for that is necessary, and a problem arises that the pupil deviates from the luminous flux when the line of sight looks at the edge of the screen, and the image becomes invisible.

As means for solving the above two problems,
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-100959, there is a method of detecting a pupil position of an eyeball and moving a point light source for illuminating a two-dimensional image display element in accordance with the position. As shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, the point light source (not shown) is moved so that the conjugate position S 'of the point light source by the projection optical system matches the pupil position of the eyeball. FIG. 7A shows the case where the position of the eyeball E deviates laterally from the center of the light beam, and FIG. 7B shows the case where the eyeball E rotates.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 6-1
In the method of 00959, mechanical driving means such as a motor is required, which complicates the apparatus, and when the eyeball moves quickly, the movement of the point light source cannot keep up and the image becomes temporarily invisible. Is a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has as its object the purpose of using a mechanical drive means, regardless of the position, orientation, or diopter of the eyeball.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an image display device capable of satisfactorily observing an image by allowing a light beam from an image display element projected on an observer's eyeball to always pass through a pupil.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there is provided an image display apparatus for displaying an image observed by an observer, and a projection for projecting an image of the image display element. An optical system, a light source for illuminating the image display element, and an illumination optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from the light source to the image display element, wherein the projection optical system is at least from the image display element. The light source has a reflecting surface that bends the optical path of the emitted light beam, and the light source is configured by arranging a plurality of light source elements so that irradiation of illumination light can be selected for each of a plurality of regions, and an arrangement position of the light source Is
The illumination optical system and the projection optical system are arranged at substantially conjugate positions with respect to a pupil position of an observer's eyeball, and the plurality of light sources are illumination light in a region corresponding to a position conjugate with the pupil of the observer's eyeball. Is selectively illuminated to illuminate the image display element.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image display device for displaying an image observed by an observer, a projection optical system for projecting an image of the image display device,
A light source for illuminating the image display element, an illumination optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from the light source to the image display element, and an observer's eyeball, wherein the light source includes illumination light for each of a plurality of regions. A plurality of light source elements are arranged so as to be able to select irradiation, and the arrangement position of the light source is substantially at a conjugate position by the illumination optical system and the projection optical system with respect to a pupil position of an observer's eyeball. An eyeball illuminator arranged to illuminate the observer's eyeball, and an imaging device configured to capture an image of the observer's eyeball illuminated by the eyeball illuminator are provided.

[0014]

According to the present invention, a light source for illuminating an image display device is constituted by arranging a plurality of light source elements so that irradiation of illumination light can be selected for each of a plurality of regions, and the arrangement position of the light source Is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the illumination optical system and the projection optical system with respect to the pupil position of the observer's eyeball, so that the illumination light of the region corresponding to the position conjugate with the pupil of the observer's eyeball can be selectively emitted. By illuminating, a light beam emitted from the image display element is focused on the pupil of the observer's eyeball at one point, so that a good image can be observed regardless of the diopter (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism) of the observer's eyeball. . In addition, by turning on a light source element conjugate to the pupil position according to the pupil position, the light source element does not need to be moved, so that the apparatus does not need to be complicated.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some embodiments of the video display device according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following, unless otherwise specified, the front side means the eyeball side, and the rear side means the light source side. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a first embodiment. As shown in the figure, this video display device is a two-dimensional video display element (a liquid crystal display element (LCD) in this example) 21
A projection optical system (an eyepiece lens in this example) 22 for projecting the image of the LCD 21 onto the eyeball E of the observer;
A light source 23 for illuminating the light source 21 and an illumination optical system (a condensing lens in this example) 24 for guiding a light beam emitted from the light source 23 to the LCD 21 are provided.
The pupil of the observer's eyeball E is placed near the rear side of the CD 21 and near the front focal position of the eyepiece 22.

The light source 23 is arranged with respect to the condenser lens 24 and the eyepiece 22 so as to be substantially conjugate with the pupil of the observer's eyeball E.

The light source 23 has a structure in which a number of point light sources are arranged on a plane.
When the individual or a part of the point light source group is turned on, the illumination light from the light source illuminates the LCD 21 and enters the pupil of the observer's eyeball E by the eyepiece 22.

In this case, by illuminating one or a part of the point light sources substantially conjugate to the position of the pupil of the eye E in accordance with the position of the pupil, the light beam passes through the pupil at substantially one point. A good image can be observed without being affected by the diopter of the observer's eyeball E.

When the pupil of the observer's eyeball E deviates from the optical axis, or when the eyeball E rotates and the pupil deviates from the optical axis, the point light source group existing at a position conjugate to the pupil position is determined. By selecting one of them or a part of the point light source group to light up, it becomes unnecessary to adjust the axis of the optical system or the position of the light source.

As the light source 23, a liquid crystal spatial modulation element may be arranged on the surface of a panel-like illumination source instead of a light source having a large number of point light sources arranged on a plane as described above. In this case, the same effect as when the point light source is turned on can be obtained by setting the liquid crystal modulation element at the position to be turned on to the transmissive state and setting the other parts to the light blocking state.

The number of point light sources arranged on the plane is
The degree of freedom may be increased as the number is increased to three or more, and more to six or more. Second Embodiment FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a second embodiment. In this embodiment, in the arrangement of the first embodiment, the light source 23 is arranged near the rear focal position of the condenser lens 24, and the eyepiece 22 is positioned at the rear focal position of the LCD 21.
It is arranged so that it comes.

With the above arrangement, the light source 23 is substantially conjugate with the pupil of the observer's eyeball E. When one or a part of the point light source group is turned on in this way, the illumination light is collimated by the condenser lens 24, and L
The CD 21 is illuminated with parallel light, and enters the pupil of the observer's eyeball E through the eyepiece 22. Thereby, the influence of the angle characteristics of the LCD 21 can be reduced. Third Embodiment FIG. 3 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a third embodiment. In this embodiment, in the arrangement of the second embodiment, the LCD 21 and the condenser lens 24 are arranged such that the LCD 21 is located at the front focal position of the condenser lens 24. Thereby, even when the brightness of the light beam emitted from the light source 23 has an angular distribution, the emission angle of the light irradiating one point of the LCD 21 becomes the same for all the point light sources, and even if the lit point light source changes. , The brightness does not change. Fourth Embodiment FIG. 4 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the light source and the illumination optical system are shared on the left and right when the left and right optical systems of FIG. 2 or 3 are provided for both eyes. In FIG. 4, a pair of left and right LCDs 2 is shown.
1L, 21R, a pair of left and right eyepieces 22L, 22R for projecting respective images of the LCDs 21L, 21R to the left and right eyeballs EL, ER of the observer, and the left and right LCDs 21.
L, 21R and the eyepieces 22L, 22R comprise a common light source 23 located at the center of the optical axis and a common light collecting lens 24, and the light source 23 is located near the rear focal position of the light collecting lens 24. The pupils of the observer's eyes EL and ER are placed at the front focal positions of the eyepieces 22L and 22R. Further, the light source 23 has a configuration in which many point light sources are arranged on a plane as described above. With such an arrangement, the light source 23 is substantially conjugate with the pupils of the observer's eyes EL and ER.

In the first to third embodiments, a light source and an illumination optical system are required on the left and right, respectively.
Since the left and right light sources and the illumination optical system are commonly used, the number of parts can be reduced and the weight can be reduced. Also, once the interpupillary distance is adjusted, the left and right eyeballs EL and ER rotate in the same direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. When the interpupillary distance is not adjusted, FIG.
As shown in (5), at least two point light sources that are conjugate to the pupils of the left and right eyeballs EL and ER may be turned on so that the respective light beams reach the left and right eyes EL and ER. Fifth Embodiment FIG. 6 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a fifth embodiment. In this embodiment, the illumination optical system of the fourth embodiment is replaced by a common condenser mirror 24 '. Since the illumination optical system is the condenser mirror 24 ', the size of the optical system can be reduced.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 7, the optical axis of the light source 23 is formed above (or below) the plane including the optical axes of the left and right eyepieces 22L and 22R. By decentering the condenser mirror 24 ', the layout of the optical system can be given a degree of freedom. Sixth Embodiment FIG. 8 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a sixth embodiment. This embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that the condensing reflector 2
4 'is a Fresnel condenser mirror or diffractive condenser optical element 2
In the fifth embodiment, when the condensing and reflecting mirror 24 'is formed of a spherical surface, the pupil position in each direction of the observation screen is changed due to the aberration of illumination light such as spherical aberration. If this is too large to be a problem, the collector mirror must be aspherical, which makes it difficult to fabricate the mirror, whereas a Fresnel collector mirror or The diffractive light condensing optical element 24 ″ can have a refractive power and an aspherical effect in a planar shape, and can be easily manufactured. Further, since the device can be configured as a flat surface, it is useful for downsizing the device. Seventh Embodiment FIG. 9 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a seventh embodiment. This embodiment is different from the above first to sixth embodiments in that
Detected based on information from the eyeball illuminating device 25 and the image sensor 26 as a pupil detecting device, which are composed of an infrared light emitting device and the like arranged outside the light beam of the eyepiece 22 (22L, 22R), and the image sensor 26. A circuit is provided for determining one or a part of a group of point light sources conjugate with the pupil position. Thereby, the point light source to be turned on can be automatically selected.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the eyeball illuminating device 2
5 and the imaging element 26 are arranged, and an image of the eyeball E is taken. The obtained eyeball image is input to the image processing circuit 27, and the position of the pupil is detected. A light emitting position calculation circuit 28 that calculates the direction of the line of sight from the obtained pupil position information and calculates a point light source corresponding to the line of sight is selected, and a point light source to be turned on is selected. The selected point light source (light emitting element) is turned on. Eighth Embodiment FIG. 11 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of an image display device according to an eighth embodiment. In this embodiment, the half mirror 30 is disposed between the light source 23 and the illumination optical system 24 (24 ', 24 ") in the first to sixth embodiments, and the light returning from the eyeball E is reflected by the half mirror 30. The eyeball E formed by the eyepiece 22 and the illumination optical system 24.
The image sensor 26 is arranged at a conjugate position on the surface of the pupil to detect the pupil position. Then, a similar circuit for determining one or a part of the group of point light sources conjugate with the detected pupil position is installed, and a point light source to be turned on is automatically selected. Ninth Embodiment FIG. 12 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a ninth embodiment. This embodiment is different from the first to sixth embodiments in that, instead of the light source 23, as shown in a front view of FIG. It is arranged at the light source position. Light source 23
Corresponds to the conjugate position of the surface of the eyeball E formed by the eyepiece lens 22 and the illumination optical system 24, so that the pupil position can be detected by the light source / image sensor 31. Moreover. In this case, one or a part of the point light sources to be turned on is in the vicinity of the light receiving element that has detected the pupil position, so that the determination circuit can be easily configured. With such an arrangement, the seventh and eighth
It is possible to reduce the number of parts as compared with the embodiment.

In the first to ninth embodiments,
Although an example in which an eyepiece is used for the projection optical system 22 has been described, the projection optical system may have any configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, a beam splitter 32 and a beam splitter 3
2, the concave mirror 33 arranged on the transmission side of the light beam is integrally formed by a prism 34, and the light beam from the image display device 21 is first passed through the beam splitter 32, and then the concave mirror 33
An eyepiece optical system that reflects and converges the reflected light with the beam splitter 32 and condenses it on the pupil of the eyeball E can be used.

As shown in FIGS. 15 (a) to 15 (e), the eyepiece optical system may be constituted by an eccentric mirror 22 '(FIG. 15 (a)). It is desirable to use a spherical surface. Further, a refractive optical element (eccentric lens) is provided between the LCD 21 and the eccentric mirror 22 '.
221 may be arranged (FIG. 2B), and it is desirable that the refractive optical element 221 uses a rotationally asymmetric aspherical surface. Further, the illumination optical system can be constituted by an eccentric focusing mirror 241 (FIG. 3C). Further, the eccentric mirror of the eyepiece optical system can be constituted by the eccentric back mirror 222 (FIG. 4D). Further, a prism 223 may be bonded to the eccentric back mirror 222 for chromatic aberration correction (FIG. 9E). Of course, other optical elements can be used. Further, for example, in the configuration as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the mirror constituting the eyepiece optical system is made a semi-transmissive mirror so that the see-through type external world can be observed selectively or superimposed on an electronic image. Can also.

Further, the two-dimensional image display element 21 is not limited to a liquid crystal display element (LCD), but may be any type of a type that displays an image by illuminating a display surface with illumination light from an illumination light source. Good.

By the way, a pair of left and right video display devices according to any of the above embodiments is prepared (as is in the case of FIGS. 4 and 6 to 8), and they are supported by being separated by the interpupillary distance. It can be configured as a head-mounted image display device that can be observed with eyes. FIG. 16 shows the overall configuration of an example of such a video display device. The display device body 50 includes:
The display device of any of the above embodiments is provided with a pair of left and right,
Corresponding to them, a two-dimensional video display element composed of an LCD is arranged on the image plane. A temporal frame 51 as shown in the figure is provided on the main body 50 continuously on the left and right. The temporal frames 51 on both sides are connected by a parietal frame 52.
A rear frame 54 is provided in the middle of the temporal frames 51 on both sides via a leaf spring 53. The rear frame 54 is applied to the rear portions of both ears of the observer like vines of glasses. The display device main body 50 can be held in front of the observer's eyes by being placed on the top of the observer. A parietal pad 55 made of an elastic body such as a sponge is attached to the inside of the parietal frame 52.
Similarly, a similar pad is attached to the inside of the rear frame 54 so that when the display device is mounted on the head, a feeling of strangeness is not felt.

The rear frame 54 has a speaker 56
Is provided so that stereoscopic sound can be heard together with video observation. As described above, the display device main body 50 having the speaker 56 has a video / audio transmission code 57.
The viewer 58 holds the playback device 58 at an arbitrary position such as a belt position as shown in FIG.
You can enjoy the sound. 5 shown
Reference numeral 9 denotes an adjustment unit such as a switch and a volume of the playback device 58. Note that electronic components such as a circuit for determining one or a part of a group of point light sources conjugate with the detected pupil position as shown in FIG. It is built in.

The cord 57 may have a jack at the tip so that it can be attached to an existing video deck or the like. Furthermore, it is connected to a tuner for TV radio wave reception,
It may be used for viewing, or may be connected to a computer to receive computer graphics images, message images from the computer, and the like. Also, in order to reject an obstructive code, an antenna may be connected to receive an external signal by radio waves.

Although the image display device of the present invention has been described based on several embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various modifications can be made.

The above-described video display device of the present invention can be configured, for example, as follows. [1] A two-dimensional video display element, and a projection optical system for projecting an image of the two-dimensional video display element onto an eyeball of an observer;
A light source for illuminating the two-dimensional image display element, and an illumination optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from the light source to the two-dimensional image display element, wherein the light source includes a plurality of point light sources arranged on a plane. An image display device, wherein the image display device is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the illumination optical system and the projection optical system with respect to a pupil position of an observer's eyeball. [2] The video display device according to [1], wherein the light source is disposed near a rear focal position of the illumination optical system. [3] The two-dimensional image display element is arranged near the front focal position of the illumination optical system, wherein the two-dimensional image display element is disposed.
The image display device according to the above. [4] A pair of left and right two-dimensional video display elements, a pair of left and right projection optical systems for projecting images of the pair of left and right two-dimensional video display elements onto an eyeball of an observer, and a pair of left and right projection optical systems A light source for illuminating the pair of left and right two-dimensional image display elements disposed on an axis equidistant from the optical axis, and a light source for guiding light emitted from the light source to the pair of left and right two-dimensional image display elements. The video display device according to the above [1], comprising: the illumination optical system according to [1]. [5] The image display device according to [4], wherein the illumination optical system is configured by a reflection optical system. [6] The image display device according to [4], wherein the reflection optical system is constituted by a diffractive optical element. [7] The pupil position detecting means of the observer's eyeball is provided, and only a point light source in the vicinity of a position conjugate with the pupil of the observer's eyeball among the light sources having the plurality of point light sources arranged on a plane is turned on. The video display device according to the above [1], wherein:

[0034]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the video display device of the present invention, the light source for illuminating the video display element is provided with a plurality of light sources so that the irradiation of the illumination light can be selected for each of a plurality of regions. It is configured by arranging the light source elements, and the arrangement position of the light source is arranged at a substantially conjugate position by the illumination optical system and the projection optical system with respect to the pupil position of the observer's eyeball. By selectively illuminating the illumination light in the area corresponding to the conjugate position, the light flux emitted from the image display element is focused at one point on the pupil of the observer's eyeball, so that the diopter of the observer's eyeball (myopia) , Hyperopia, astigmatism), a good image can be observed. In addition, by turning on a light source element conjugate to the pupil position according to the pupil position, the light source element does not need to be moved, so that the apparatus does not need to be complicated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of an image display device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an optical path diagram showing a configuration of a video display device according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing positions conjugate to a pupil when eye width adjustment is performed and not performed in a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an optical path diagram illustrating a configuration of a video display device according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a modification of the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an optical path diagram illustrating a configuration of a video display device according to a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an optical path diagram illustrating a configuration of a video display device according to a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit that determines a lighting point light source.

FIG. 11 is an optical path diagram illustrating a configuration of an image display device according to an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 12 is an optical path diagram illustrating a configuration of a video display device according to a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a light source / image sensor used in a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an optical path diagram showing a modification of the projection optical system.

FIG. 15 is an optical path diagram showing various modifications of the entire optical system.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an example in which the video display device of the present invention is configured as a head-mounted video display device.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of an optical system of a conventional eye-mounted projection type head mounted image display device.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an optical system of another conventional eyeball projection type head mounted image display device.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an operation when the diameter of the exit pupil of the projection optical system is enlarged.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a method of moving a point light source in accordance with a pupil position of an eyeball.

[Explanation of symbols]

 E: observer's eyeball EL, ER: eyeball 21: two-dimensional image display element (liquid crystal display element (LCD)) 21L, 21R: LCD 22: projection optical system (eyepiece) 22L, 22R: eyepiece 23: light source 24 ... Illumination optical system (condensing lens) 24 '... converging / reflecting mirror 24 "... Fresnel converging / reflecting mirror or diffractive condensing optical element 25 ... Eyeball illuminator (infrared light emitting element etc.) 26 ... Imaging element (pupil detecting element) 27 ... Image processing circuit 28 ... Light emitting position calculation circuit 29 ... Light emitting element drive circuit 30 ... Half mirror 31 ... Light source and image pickup element 32 ... Beam splitter 33 ... Concave mirror 34 ... Prism 22 '... Eccentric mirror 50 ... Display device body 51 ... Temporal Frame 52 ... Top frame 53 ... Leaf spring 54 ... Rear frame 55 ... Top pad 56 ... Speaker 57 ... Video / audio transmission code 58 ... Playback Location 59 ... adjusting unit 221 ... refractive optical element (eccentric lenses) 222 ... eccentric back surface mirrors 223 ... prism 241 ... eccentric collector mirror

Claims (11)

[Claims] An image display element for displaying an image observed by an observer, a projection optical system for projecting an image of the image display element, a light source for illuminating the image display element, An illumination optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from a light source to the image display element, wherein the projection optical system has a reflecting surface that bends at least a light path of a light beam emitted from the image display element, A plurality of light source elements are arranged so that irradiation of illumination light can be selected for each of a plurality of regions, and the arrangement position of the light source is the illumination optical system and the illumination optical system with respect to a pupil position of an observer's eyeball. The plurality of light sources are arranged at substantially conjugate positions by a projection optical system, and the plurality of light sources can selectively illuminate illumination light in a region corresponding to a position conjugate with a pupil of the observer's eyeball to illuminate the image display element. Configured A video display device characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein said reflection surface is constituted by an eccentric mirror. 3. The image display device according to claim 2, wherein the eccentric mirror is constituted by a rotationally asymmetric aspherical surface. 4. The image display apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the projection optical system includes a refractive optical element disposed between the image display element and the eccentric mirror. . 5. The image display device according to claim 4, wherein said refractive optical element is constituted by a decentered lens. 6. The image display device according to claim 5, wherein the refractive optical element has a rotationally asymmetric aspherical surface. 7. The image display device according to claim 2, wherein said eccentric mirror is constituted by an eccentric back mirror. 8. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the projection optical system includes a prism bonded to the decentered back mirror for correcting chromatic aberration. 9. A reflection surface of the projection optical system is constituted by a semi-transmissive reflection surface, and is configured as a see-through type so that an external world can be observed selectively or superimposed on an electronic image. The video display device according to claim 1. 10. An image display element for displaying an image observed by an observer, a projection optical system for projecting an image of the image display element, a light source for illuminating the image display element, An illumination optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from a light source to the image display element, including an observer's eyeball, wherein the light source is arranged with a plurality of light source elements such that irradiation of illumination light can be selected for each of a plurality of regions. And an arrangement position of the light source is arranged at a substantially conjugate position between the illumination optical system and the projection optical system with respect to a pupil position of an observer's eyeball, and an eyeball illumination device that illuminates the observer's eyeball A video display device comprising: an image capturing device configured to capture an image of an observer's eye illuminated by the eye illuminating device. 11. An image processing circuit for performing image processing on the observer's eyeball image received by the imaging device, a light emission position calculation circuit for calculating a light emission position of an image on the image display element by the image processing circuit, The video display device according to claim 10, wherein one or a part of the light sources that emit light from the video display element emit light in accordance with the light emission position calculated by the light emission position calculation circuit.