JP2002265307A - Low temperature tolerance improver for crops - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Modifications) [Problem] To provide a low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural crops, which has a remarkable effect of improving low-temperature tolerance on various agricultural crops. SOLUTION: 1) alcohol of general formula 1-1, 2) ether compound of general formula 2-1, 3) fatty acid or ester compound of general formula 3-1 and 4) organic acid having two or more functional groups And 5) a glycerin derivative, which is an organic acid derivative in which at least one of the functional groups has a C1-30 group bonded thereto. [C10~22 hydrocarbon ^{group, R 12} is H, OH or C
1-24 hydrocarbon ^{group, R 13} is a hydrocarbon group of H, or C1-24. ] _{^{R 21 -O- (AO) m -R}} 22 (2-1) ^{[R 21} is a hydrocarbon group of ^{C12~24, R 22} is H C
1 to 24 hydrocarbon groups, AO is a C2 to 4 oxyalkylene group, and m is an average addition mole number of 0 to 5. R ³¹ -COO- (AO) _n -R ³² (3-
1) [R ³¹ is a C11-29 hydrocarbon group; R ³² is H C
1 to 30 hydrocarbon groups, AO is a C2-4 oxyalkylene group, and n is an average addition mole number of 0-5. ]

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Agricultural crops are subjected to various stresses due to environmental changes such as temperature and moisture during cultivation, addition of various chemicals, and the like. Generally, a crop has an appropriate growth temperature, and when the temperature is out of the range, a temperature change to a low-temperature region and low-temperature stress such as snowfall and frost, in particular, become a great stress for the crop.

[0003] Crops have some resistance to such low-temperature stress, but when low-temperature stress exceeding the tolerance is given, the crops die or are diseased,
Severe damage (cold damage, frost damage, frost damage, etc.) occurs. For this reason, temperature control is performed by greenhouse cultivation of a greenhouse or the like, or resistance to low-temperature stress is improved by breed improvement, but it is difficult to say that these methods are simple methods, Improvement measures are desired.
JP-A-57-26608 discloses a cold resistance improver comprising an aqueous solution of a water-soluble condensed phosphate, but its effect is not sufficient.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature resistance improving agent for agricultural crops, which has a remarkable effect of improving low-temperature resistance on various agricultural crops.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides the following (1) to
One or more compounds (A) selected from (5)
(A component)]. (1) a compound represented by the following general formula (1-1) [hereinafter, referred to as
(Referred to as component (A1))]

[0006]

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Wherein R ¹¹ is a hydrocarbon group having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R ¹² is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R ¹³ is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. Represents a hydrocarbon group. (2) a compound represented by the following general formula (2-1) [hereinafter, referred to as “
(Referred to as component (A2)) R ²¹ -O- (AO) _m -R ²² (2-1) wherein R ²¹ is a hydrocarbon group having 12 to 24 carbon atoms which may have one or more hydroxyl groups. , R ²² represents a hydrocarbon group having a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group one or more carbon atoms, which may have 1 to 24, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m is
The average number of moles of alkylene oxide added,
(However, when m is 0, R ²² is not a hydrogen atom). (3) a compound represented by the following general formula (3-1) [hereinafter, referred to as “
(Referred to as component (A3)) R ³¹ —COO— (AO) _n —R ³² (3-1) wherein R ³¹ is a hydrocarbon group having 11 to 29 carbon atoms which may have one or more hydroxyl groups. , R ³² is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group one or more which may have a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1~30, -COR ³³ (R ³³ represents a hydrocarbon group having 11 to 23 carbon atoms) or a counter ion, AO Is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an average number of added moles of the alkylene oxide, and represents a number of 0 to 5. (4) an organic acid derivative having a group containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms bonded to at least one of the functional groups of the organic acid having at least two functional groups [hereinafter referred to as a component (A4)] (5) Glycerin Derivative [hereinafter, referred to as component (A5)].

[0008] The present invention also relates to a method for improving low temperature resistance of agricultural products, comprising supplying the low temperature resistance improving agent for agricultural products of the present invention to agricultural products.

[0009] In the present invention, "agricultural crop" is a generic term for plants cultivated by humans, regardless of the purpose of cultivation and the degree of fertilizer management. , Garden trees, flowers, lawns, street trees, etc., and also includes forest trees that are hardly fertilized.

[0010] "Low temperature tolerance" refers to biological stress, abiotic stress, or biological stress caused by low temperature.
Resistance to abiotic complex stress. What is resistance?
The ability of a crop to survive under stress or mildly or harmlessly, and refers to the relative capacity of an organism to grow, grow, or survive when it encounters an unsuitable environment. In the context of the present invention, in particular, it refers to the resistance to the stresses caused by low temperatures. In the present invention, resistance includes resistance. Specific low-temperature resistance includes cold resistance,
Cold resistance, freezing resistance, ice resistance, snow resistance, frost resistance, winter resistance, winter drying resistance, snow rot resistance, wintering and the like, and the low temperature resistance improver for agricultural crops of the present invention, these It is supplied to agricultural products for the purpose of improving low-temperature resistance.

[0011] The chilling tolerance (resistanc)
e)) means, in a broad sense, the tolerance of rice and legumes to cold temperatures. However, when it comes to cold-tolerant varieties, varieties that are unlikely to cause sterility disorders due to cold temperatures around
In other words, it often refers to varieties resistant to obstacle type cold damage. Also,
Injury-type cold damage of rice is mainly caused by the inhibition of pollen formation and development by low temperature. The low-temperature tolerance at this stage (the booting stage (the bud stage of beans)) is particularly low in the chilling tolerance at booting (bud) stag.
called e). Further, even when the full pollen is normally formed, fertilization is inhibited when a low temperature is encountered during the flowering period, resulting in sterility. Resistance to this is especially the cold resistance during flowering (chilli
ng tolerance at flowering stage). Further, in direct sowing cultivation of rice, the quality of growth immediately after germination under low temperature has a great influence on subsequent growth. This cold resistance during the initial growth period is particularly called "chilling tolerance at seedling stage".

Cold tolerance (resistance)
Refers to the ability of the crop to survive the freezing cold. It includes snow resistance and frost resistance in a broad sense, but refers to frost resistance in a narrow sense. In order for plants and insects to survive at low temperatures,
Either freezing does not easily occur due to its high ability to supercool the inside of the cell, or resistance that does not cause damage even if the state of extracellular freezing continues is required.

[0013] Freezing tolerance (resistanc)
e)) is a property included in the cold resistance, and refers to a property that the plant body resists freezing due to a low temperature below the freezing point. Although it is especially important in severe cold regions with little snowfall, even in snowy regions such as Hokkaido and Canada, plants are exposed to freezing temperatures before snowfall, so that winter wheat and perennial pastures are important for frost resistance.

The frost tolerance (resistanc)
e)) refers to the resistance of the crop to low temperatures (-1 ° C to -3 ° C) during initial frost and late frost, and is the same as cold resistance in terms of resistance to low temperatures at which the crops freeze. is there. In particular, in summer crops, foliage is damaged by low temperatures in the seedling stage, and ripening is damaged by low temperatures in the autumn.

[0015] Ice resistance (resistanc)
e)) In the cold regions, floods are caused by rainfall before full-scale low-temperature snowfall or rainfall during the snowmelt season in early spring, and then a sharp decrease in temperature causes flooding of crops, suffocation, and tissue destruction. And refers to resistance to this.

[0016] Winter drought tolerance
(Resistance) refers to the property of crops to withstand water deficit due to freezing and strong wind in winter. Generally, it has both the function and structure to prevent water deficiency (opening and closing of pores and the development of root system, etc.) and the resistance to damage due to water deficiency or damage when water is re-absorbed. Is closely related to

[0017] Snow mold resistance (to
lerance)) refers to the resistance to snow rot caused by various types of snow rot fungi that infest and infest crops under winter snow. Snow resistance is sometimes used synonymously with snow rot resistance because snow rot is more pronounced in snow cover conditions, but these are strictly different properties.

Snow tolerance (resistance, en
durance)) refers to the ability of an annual crop to winter under snow. Even in severe cold areas, when the snowfall exceeds 50 cm, the temperature becomes about 0 ° C. and the state becomes dark, photosynthesis becomes impossible, and stored nutrients are consumed. As a result, frost resistance and snow rot resistance are reduced, and physiological damage such as moisture damage during snow melting is liable to occur. Furthermore, heavy snowfall on fruit trees causes mechanical snow damage. It refers to the ability to withstand these complex stresses related to snow.

Winter hardiness is a property that can withstand all the stresses that occur in winter. The inter-annual crops are subjected to various stresses that occur in the cold winter environment such as low temperature (cold hardiness (including freezing tolerance)), snow cover (snow hardiness) and disease (snow rot resistance). It is difficult to distinguish the effect on the weather, so the ability to withstand the entire stress that occurs in winter is collectively called winter resistance.

[0020] Winter survival refers to the properties including the ability to recover damage from winter dying and the ability to sprout, in addition to winter resistance, and depends on the degree of dying after wintering, the degree of leaf dying, and the state of subsequent regeneration. judge.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION <Component (A)> Component (A1) In the general formula (1-1), R ¹¹ , R ¹² ,
The hydrocarbon group for R ¹³ may be either saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, and may be linear, branched, or cyclic, preferably linear or branched, and particularly preferably linear. It is. The total number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group may be odd or even, but preferably even.

The total number of carbon atoms of R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 12 to
48, and more preferably 16 to 44.

[0023] In general formula (1-1), the carbon number of R ¹¹ is preferably 14 to 22, more preferably 14 to 20,
More preferably, it is 14-18. In addition, the general formula (1-
The compound represented by 1) preferably has a total carbon number of 12 to 48, more preferably 16 to 28, particularly preferably 16 to 24. Further, those having a total of 12 to 24 carbon atoms and having one hydroxyl group are preferable, and those having a total of 16 to 22 carbon atoms and having one hydroxyl group are particularly preferable. Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1-1) include the following.

(A1-1) CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _o-1 OH (where o is 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, more preferably 1
1-alkanol represented by (an integer of 6 to 20). That is, examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1-1) include monohydric alcohols having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Specifically, 1-dodecanol, 1-tridecanol, 1-tetradecanol, 1-pentadecanol, 1
-Hexadecanol, 1-heptadecanol, 1-octadecanol, 1-nonadecanol, 1-icosanol, 1-henicosanol, 1-docosanol, 1-tricosanol, 1-tetracosanol.

(A1-2) CH ₃ CH (OH) (CH ₂ ) _p-3
2-alkanol represented by CH ₃ (p is 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, more preferably 16 to 20) is exemplified. Specifically, 2-dodecanol, 2
-Tridecanol, 2-tetradecanol, 2-pentadecanol, 2-hexadecanol, 2-heptadecanol, 2-octadecanol, 2-nonadecanol, 2
-Icosanol and the like.

(A1-3) CH ₂ ＣＨCH (CH ₂ ) _q-2 OH
(Where q is an integer of 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, and more preferably 16 to 20). Specific examples include 11-dodecene-1-ol, 12-tridecene-1-ol, 15-hexadecene-1-ol and the like.

(A1-4) Other unsaturated long-chain alcohols include oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, eleostearyl alcohol (α or β), ricinoyl alcohol and the like. .

(A1-5) HOCH ₂ CH (OH) (CH ₂ )
1,2-diol represented by _r- 2H (r is an integer of 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24, more preferably 16 to 20) is exemplified. Specific examples include 1,2-dodecanediol, 1,2-tetradecanediol, 1,2-hexadecanediol, and 1,2-octadecanediol.

Of the above (A1-1) to (A1-5),
(A1-1), (A1-2), (A1-4), (A1-
5) is preferable, and (A1-1), (A1-2), (A1)
-4) is more preferable, (A1-1) and (A1-4) are more preferable, and (A1-1) is particularly preferable.

Component (A2) The general formula (2-
In 1), the hydrocarbon group of R ²¹ and R ²² may be either saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, and may be linear, branched, or cyclic, preferably linear or branched. It is a chain, particularly preferably a straight chain. R ²¹ ,
Hydrocarbon group R ²² may have a hydroxyl group one or more. The total number of carbon atoms of R ²¹ and R ²² is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 12 to 48, and still more preferably 1 to 48.
6 to 44. Further, the compound represented by the general formula (2-1) preferably has a total carbon number of 13 to 48, more preferably 24 to 48, particularly preferably 32 to 40. AO in the general formula (2-1) is preferably one or more groups selected from an oxyethylene group, an oxypropylene group and an oxybutylene group, and the m AOs may be the same or different, and may be random, Any block is acceptable. Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2-1) include the following. Among them, the compound (A2-1) is preferable.

(A2-1) CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _s-1 -O- (CH
_{2) s-1 CH 3 (} s 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24,
And more preferably an integer of 16 to 20).
Alkyl ethers. Specific examples include didodecyl ether, ditridecyl ether, ditetradecyl ether, dipentadecyl ether, dihexadecyl ether, dioctadecyl ether and the like.

(A2-2) CH ₂ ＣＨCH—OR ^3a (R ^3a
Is a vinyl ether represented by an alkyl or alkenyl group having 12 to 24, preferably 16 to 24 carbon atoms. Specific examples include vinyl lauryl ether, vinyl myristyl ether, vinyl cetyl ether, vinyl stearyl ether, vinyl oleyl ether, and vinyl linoleyl ether.

When the compound of the general formula (2-1) has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group, the glycine has an HLB of less than 10,
It is preferably 8 or less, more preferably 7 or less, and particularly preferably 5 or less. The formula of this griffin is represented by HLB = (molecular weight of hydrophilic group portion / molecular weight of surfactant) × (100/5) (“Introduction to New Surfactants”, Sanyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Showa Published November 1, 1960, page 128).

Component (A3) The general formula (3-
In 1), the hydrocarbon groups of R ³¹ and R ³² may each be saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, and may be linear, branched, or cyclic, preferably linear or branched. It is a chain, particularly preferably a straight chain. R ³¹ ,
The total number of carbon atoms of R ³² is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 12 to 48, and still more preferably 16 to 44.

The hydrocarbon group of R ^{31 in} the general formula (3-1) may have one or more hydroxyl groups, preferably has 11 to 29 carbon atoms, more preferably 13 to 21 carbon atoms, Preferably it has 15 to 19 carbon atoms. It may be saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, and may be linear, branched or cyclic, preferably linear, branched, and more preferably linear. Specific examples of R ³¹ include an alkyl group such as an undecyl group, a tridecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a heptadecyl group, a nonadecyl group, a henycosyl group;
An alkenyl group such as a pentadecenyl group, a heptadecenyl group and a nonadecenyl group. Preferably, an alkyl group such as a pentadecyl group, a heptadecyl group and a nonadecyl group;
An alkenyl group such as a pentadecenyl group, a heptadecenyl group and a nonadecenyl group. Particularly preferred are alkyl groups such as a pentadecyl group, a heptadecyl group and a nonadecyl group.

R ³² in the general formula (3-1) represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have one or more hydroxyl groups.
0, preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms (preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group), -COR ³³ (R ³³ is a hydrocarbon group having 11 to 23 carbon atoms) or a counter ion.
Specific examples of R ³² include alkyl groups such as lauryl group, tetradecyl group, hexadecyl group, octadecyl group, arakinyl group, and behenyl group; acyl groups such as lauroyl group, myristoyl group, palmitoyl group, stearoyl group, arachidoyl group, and behenoyl group. An alkenyl group such as a tetradecenyl group, a hexadecenyl group, an oleyl group, a codoyl group, a docosenyl group; Preferably, a hexadecyl group,
Alkyl groups such as octadecyl group and arakinyl group; acyl groups such as palmitoyl group, stearoyl group and arachidoyl group; alkenyl groups such as hexadecenyl group, oleyl group and codoyl group. Particularly preferred are alkyl groups such as a hexadecyl group, an octadecyl group and an araquinyl group. Specific examples of the counter ion include alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium, alkylamine salts such as trimethylamine and triethylamine, and alkanolamine salts such as ethanolamine. Metal, alkaline earth metal.

AO in the general formula (3-1) is preferably one or more groups selected from an oxyethylene group, an oxypropylene group and an oxybutylene group, and the n AOs may be the same or different. , Random or block.

In the present invention, from the viewpoint of promoting the improvement of low temperature resistance of agricultural crops, n of the general formula (3-1) is 0 to 5, R ³¹ is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 13 to 21 carbon atoms, and R ^{32 is}
Is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an acyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, or a counter ion (however, when n is not 0, a counter ion is excluded).

When the compound of the general formula (3-1) has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group, the HLB of the above-mentioned griffin is 1
It is preferably less than 0, more preferably 8 or less, still more preferably 7 or less, and particularly preferably 5 or less.

Component (A4) The functional group of the component (A4) includes a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an amino group.
The organic acid preferably has at least one hydroxyl group. Examples of the group bonded to the functional group include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkylamino group, and an oxyalkylene group. As the component (A4), a compound represented by the following general formula (4-1) is preferable. A- (B) _a -C (4-1)

[0041]

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X, Y, Z: each independently a hydrogen atom or a counter ion R ⁴¹ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁹ : each independently having 1 to 30 carbon atoms
Hydrocarbon group

[0043]

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R ⁴² , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁶ , R ⁴⁷ , R ⁴⁸ , R ^4a , R
^4b , R ^4c , R ^4d , R ^4e , R ^4f : each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms a: 0 or a number of 1 or more l, m, n, o, p, q , R, s, t: each independently, a number from 0 to 10 u, v: each independently, a number from 1 to 50, and these are 1 to at least one of the functional groups in the molecule.
A group containing up to 30 carbon atoms is selected to be attached;
Also, if A, both C, -R ^44, a group selected from -OH and -OR ⁴⁵ are

[0045]

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R ⁴¹ , R ⁴⁴ and R in the general formula (4-1)
⁴⁹ is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms,
⁴¹ and R ⁴⁹ is preferably from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 14 to 22 carbon atoms. Also, R ⁴⁴
Preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 carbon atom
To 5 hydrocarbon groups. R ⁴¹ , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁹ are preferably an alkyl group and an alkenyl group. Also, R ⁴¹ ,
The hydrocarbon group of R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁹ , preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, may be saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated, and may be any of linear, branched, or cyclic, and is preferably It is linear, branched, and more preferably linear. Specific examples of R ⁴¹ , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁹ include a lauryl group,
Alkyl groups such as tetradecyl group, hexadecyl group, octadecyl group, eicosyl group (alkyl group having 20 carbon atoms), behenyl group (alkyl group having 22 carbon atoms); C14
An F1 group (the number following C denotes the number of carbon atoms, the number following F denotes the number of unsaturated bonds; the same applies hereinafter), a C16F1 group,
Alkenyl groups such as C18F1, C20F1, and C22F1 groups are exemplified.

Further, R in the general formula (4-1)⁴², R⁴³,
R⁴⁶, R⁴⁷, R⁴⁸, R^4a, R^4b, R ^4c, R^4d, R^4e, R
^4fIs preferably a hydrogen atom or 1 to 30 carbon atoms, respectively.
Is a hydrocarbon group of 12 to 26, more preferably 14 to 22
And preferably a hydrocarbon group. Hydrocarbon groups are good
Preferred are an alkyl group and an alkenyl group. hydrocarbon
Groups, preferably alkyl or alkenyl groups, are saturated,
It may be any of saturated, preferably saturated, and
The chain may be any of a chain, a branched chain, and a ring, and is preferably a straight chain,
Branched, more preferably straight.

X, Y, Z in the general formula (4-1)
Is a hydrogen atom or a counter ion, respectively. Specific examples of the counter ion include alkali metals such as sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium, alkylamine salts such as trimethylamine and triethylamine, and ethanolamine. And the like. Preferred are alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.

A in the general formula (4-1) is the total number of B. When there are two or more Bs in the general formula (4-1), that is, when a ≧ 2, B May be the same or different of the groups defined above.

The organic acid forming the component (A4) is preferably a hydroxycarboxylic acid such as citric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, lactic acid or tartaric acid, and more preferably citric acid.

When the component (A4) has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group, the glycine preferably has an HLB of less than 10, more preferably 8 or less, particularly preferably 5 or less.

Component (A5) Examples of the glycerin derivative of the component (A5) include an ester of glycerin and an acid (hereinafter, referred to as glycerin ester), an ether of glycerin and a hydroxyl group-containing compound (hereinafter, referred to as glycerin ether), and condensation of glycerin. Or a derivative thereof and glyceric acid or a derivative thereof are preferred.

The acid constituting the glycerin ester may be either an organic acid or an inorganic acid. Examples of the organic acid include organic acids having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Further, examples of the inorganic acid include phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and carbonic acid, and the inorganic acid ester may be in the form of a salt. As the glycerin ester, an ester of glycerin and an organic acid, that is,
Monoesters, diesters and triesters of glycerin and organic acids are preferred. Examples of glycerin organic acid triesters include synthetic triesters, animal fats such as tallow, lard, fish oil, whale oil, etc., and vegetable properties such as palm oil, palm oil, palm stearin oil, castor oil, soybean oil, olive oil, etc. Fats and oils such as fats and oils can be used, and fats and oils are preferred.

The hydroxyl group-containing compound constituting the glycerin ether has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 4 carbon atoms.
To 30, more preferably an alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. Examples of the glycerin ester include glycerin monoalkyl ethers such as batyl alcohol, isostearyl glyceryl ether, and behenyl glyceryl ether. In addition, it may be diether or triether. Further, the glycerin ether of the present invention includes an alkylene oxide (hereinafter referred to as AO) adduct of glycerin. Here, the AO average addition mole number of the adduct is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 10, and particularly preferably 1 to 5. Furthermore, an AO adduct of a mixture of fats and oils and glycerin can also be used, and the AO average addition mole number of the adduct is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 5.

Examples of the condensate of glycerin or a derivative thereof include polyglycerin represented by the following general formula (5-1) or a derivative thereof.

[0056]

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Wherein n is a number of 2 to 50, R is a hydrogen atom or an acyl group having 2 to 31 carbon atoms, X is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m ₁ , m 2 ₂ and m ₃ are each a number from 0 to 30. ].

Glyceric acid is obtained by oxidation of glycerin or glyceraldehyde. In the present invention, glyceric acid derivatives such as glyceric acid ester and glyceric acid amide can also be used.

When the glycerin derivative of the present invention has a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group, the glycine has an HLB of 1
It is preferably less than 0, more preferably 8 or less, particularly preferably 5 or less.

In the present invention, the component (A) is
It is preferable that the component (1) is essential, and it is particularly preferable to use the component (A1) in combination with one or more components selected from the components (A2) to (A5).

The low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products of the present invention further comprises, in addition to the above-mentioned component (A), a surfactant (B) other than the above-mentioned compounds (1) to (5) [hereinafter, referred to as a component (B)]. ,
It is preferable to contain at least one of a chelating agent (C) (hereinafter, referred to as a component (C)) and a fertilizer (D) (hereinafter, referred to as a component (D)). In particular, it is preferable to use both the component (B) and the component (C). When fertilizer is required at the time of application, for example, in the component (A) of the present invention,
It is preferable to use the components (B), (C) and (D) in combination. When fertilizer is not required at the time of application, it is preferable to use, for example, component (A) in combination with components (B) and (C).

<Component (B)> As the component (B), it is preferable to use the following surfactants for the purpose of emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing or promoting penetration of the component (A).

Examples of the nonionic surfactant include sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, glycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester,
Polyoxyalkylene polyglycerin fatty acid ester,
Sorbitol fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, resin acid ester, polyoxyalkylene resin acid ester,
Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether, alkyl (poly)
Glycosides, polyoxyalkylene alkyl (poly) glycosides, alkyl alkanolamides, sugar fatty acid amides and the like can be mentioned. Here, examples of the sugar fatty acid amide include those having a structure in which a hydrophobic group is amide bonded to a sugar or sugar alcohol, for example, sugar fatty acid amides such as fatty acid amides of glucose and fructose. Further, those having a structure in which a hydrophobic group is amide-bonded to a sugar or sugar alcohol having an amino group, for example, a sugar-based fatty acid amide such as a fatty acid amide of N-methylglucamine can also be used. As the nonionic surfactant, at least one selected from ether group-containing nonionic surfactants and ester group-containing nonionic surfactants containing no nitrogen atom is preferable. Specifically, polyoxyalkylene (especially ethylene) sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyalkylene (especially ethylene) glycerin fatty acid ester, and sucrose fatty acid ester are preferable.

Examples of the anionic surfactant include carboxylic acid-based, sulfonic acid-based, sulfate ester-based and phosphate ester-based surfactants. The above is preferred.

Examples of the carboxylic acid surfactants include fatty acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or salts thereof, polyvalent carboxylate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether carboxylate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl amide ether carboxylate, rosin Acid salt, dimer acid salt, polymer acid salt,
And tall oil fatty acid salts.

Examples of the sulfonic acid type surfactant include alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, diphenyl ether sulfonate, condensate of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid, and naphthalene sulfonate. Acid condensate salts and the like.

Examples of the sulfate-based surfactant include alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfates, tristyrenated phenol sulfates, and polyoxyalkylenedistyrenated phenols. Sulfate, alkyl polyglycoside sulfate and the like.

Examples of the phosphate-based surfactant include an alkyl phosphate ester salt, an alkylphenyl phosphate ester salt, a polyoxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester salt, and a polyoxyalkylene alkylphenyl phosphate ester salt.

Examples of the salt include metal salts (Na, K, C
a, Mg, Zn, etc.), ammonium salts, alkanolamine salts, aliphatic amine salts and the like.

Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include amino acids, betaines, imidazolines, and amine oxides.

Examples of the amino acid system include acyl amino acid salts, acyl sarcosine salts, acyloylmethylaminopropionates, alkylaminopropionates, and acylamidoethylhydroxyethylmethylcarboxylates.

Examples of the betaine include alkyldimethylbetaine, alkylhydroxyethylbetaine, acylamidopropylhydroxypropylammonia sulfobetaine, acylamidopropylhydroxypropylammonia sulfobetaine, amidopropyldimethylcarboxymethylammonia betaine ricinoleate, and the like.

Examples of the imidazoline system include alkyl carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl imidazolinium betaine and alkyl ethoxy carboxymethyl imidazolium betaine.

Examples of the amine oxides include alkyldimethylamine oxide, alkyldiethanolamine oxide, and alkylamidopropylamine oxide.

The component (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When the component (B) contains a polyoxyalkylene group, it preferably has a polyoxyethylene group, and has an average number of moles of 1 to 300, preferably more than 5 and 100 or less. .

The component (B) preferably has a glycine having an HLB of 10 or more, more preferably 12 or more.

The component (A) has 12 to 2 carbon atoms.
When the monohydric alcohol of No. 4 is used, the component (B) includes an ester group-containing nonionic surfactant, an ether group-containing nonionic surfactant containing no nitrogen atom, an amphoteric surfactant, and a carboxylic acid-based anion. One or more selected from surfactants and phosphate-based anionic surfactants are preferred. In particular, one or more selected from ester group-containing nonionic surfactants and ether group-containing nonionic surfactants containing no nitrogen atom are preferred. That is, the low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products of the present invention includes a monohydric alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, a nonionic surfactant containing an ester group, a nonionic surfactant containing an ether group containing no nitrogen atom, and an amphoteric surfactant. And a surfactant containing at least one surfactant selected from a carboxylic acid-based anionic surfactant and a phosphate-based anionic surfactant.

<Component (C)> When an organic acid or a salt thereof having the following chelating ability is used in combination as the component (C), the effect of improving the low temperature resistance of agricultural crops is further improved. Specifically, citric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, heptonic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, oxycarboxylic acid such as glutaric acid, polycarboxylic acid And potassium salts, sodium salts, alkanolamine salts, and aliphatic amine salts thereof. Also, the mixture of a chelating agent other than the organic acid can improve the low temperature resistance of the crop. Examples of chelating agents to be mixed include aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents such as EDTA, NTA, and CDTA.

<Component (D)> As the component (D), specifically, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, F
e, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cl, Si, Na, and the like, particularly inorganic and organic substances serving as a supply source of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Such inorganic substances include ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, urea,
Ammonium carbonate, potassium phosphate, perphosphate lime,熔成phosphorus fertilizer _{(3MgO · CaO · P 2 O} 5 · 3CaSi
O ₂ ), potassium sulfate, potassium salt, lime nitrate, slaked lime, lime carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and the like. In addition, as organic matter,
Chicken dung, beef dung, bark compost, amino acids, peptone, myeki, fermented extract, calcium salts of organic acids (citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, etc.), fatty acids (formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, Calcium salts of caproic acid and the like). These fertilizer components can be used in combination with a surfactant. The fertilizer component does not need to be intentionally blended when the fertilizer component is sufficiently applied as the original fertilizer in the soil, such as in the open-field cultivation of rice and vegetables. Further, it is preferable to add a fertilizer component to a cultivation form of a type such as nutrient solution cultivation or hydroponics, which avoids excessive application of the original fertilizer and gives the same fertilizer component as watering.

When the components (B) to (D) are used in combination in the low-temperature resistance improver for agricultural products of the present invention, the ratio of each component is 100 parts by weight of the component (A) and 10 parts by weight of the component (B).
20,000 parts by weight, especially 100-2000 parts by weight,
(C) Component 0 to 50,000 parts by weight, particularly 10 to 5000 parts by weight
Parts by weight, 0 to 1000000 parts by weight of component (D), and 0
The amount is preferably from 100 to 100,000 parts by weight, particularly preferably from 10 to 100,000 parts by weight. In addition, the low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products of the present invention comprises 0 to 5000 parts by weight, especially 10 to 500 parts by weight of other nutrients (sugars, amino acids, vitamins, etc.) based on 100 parts by weight of the component (A). Can also be contained.

The low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products of the present invention comprising the above-mentioned component (A) may be in any form such as liquid, flowable, paste, wettable powder, granule, powder, tablet and the like. A) The concentration of the component is 1 to 500 ppm
As an aqueous solution, aqueous dispersion or emulsified liquid on the leaves and roots of plants.

Various methods can be used as a method for supplying the plant low temperature tolerance improver of the present invention to plants. For example, fertilizers such as dusts and granules are directly applied as fertilizers, or a diluted aqueous solution is directly sprayed on plants such as leaves, stems, and fruits, or injected into soil, or used in hydroponics or rock wool. And a method of diluting and mixing with a hydroponic solution or supply water that is in contact with the root.

In general, when the soil is applied in the form of a dust or a granule such as a fertilizer, it is preferable to use a dust or a granule containing the above components other than water in the same ratio.
The powder or granule may contain an excipient for preventing caking.

The crops that can be treated with the low temperature tolerance improver for crops of the present invention include cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, tomato, eggplant, bell pepper, strawberry, okra, green bean, broad bean, pea, soybean (edamame). ), Corn and the like. In leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, horse chestnuts, bok choy, cabbage,
Cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, onion,
Green onion, garlic, rakkyo, leek, asparagus, lettuce, sardana, celery, spinach, shungiku, parsley, honeysuckle, seri, udo, ginger, butterbur, perilla and the like. Radish, turnip,
Burdock, carrot, potato, taro, sweet potato, yam, ginger, lotus root and the like. In addition, tobacco, rice, grains such as wheat, chrysanthemums, roses, carnations, eustoma, sweet pepper, cyclamen,
It can also be used for flowers such as tulips, pansies, freesia, phalaenopsis, margaret, lily, and beconia.

[0085]

Example 1 (1-1) Effect on soybean Soybean was sowed in a 1 / 5000a Wagner pot, and Kureha horticultural cultivation was used for cultivation. After the true leaf development, Tables 1-3
Was sprayed once on leaves. The cold resistance improver for agricultural products was used at a concentration at which the component (A) was 50 ppm (weight ratio), and the spraying water amount was 100 L / 10a.
After the treatment, the pad was controlled at a temperature of 15 ° C., and two weeks later, the SPAD value indicating the height of the plant and the greenness of the leaves (SPAD50 manufactured by Minolta Co.)
The survey of 2) was conducted. In addition, the measured value was compared with the relative value when the untreated section was set to 100. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3, and it was found that the appropriate cultivation temperature for the initial growth of soybean was 15 ° C. or higher, and that when the product of the present invention was used, growth delay due to low temperature was suppressed. (1-2) Effect on chrysanthemums After planting chrysanthemum 'Hide of Shuho', at intervals of twice a month, Tables 1-3
Was sprayed four times with the low temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products. The low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products contains 60 ppm of the component (A).
(Weight ratio), and the treated water volume was 100 L / 1.
0a. In the harvest season, frost fell twice and leaf dying occurred. The leaf withering rate due to this frost was measured by the following method. The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3. Leaf withering rate (%) = [(number of leaf withering leaves) / (number of whole leaves)] × 100

[0086]

[Table 1]

[0087]

[Table 2]

[0088]

[Table 3]

In Tables 1 to 3, POE is an abbreviation for polyoxyethylene, and the number in parentheses is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide added (the same applies hereinafter).

Example 2 (Effect on Tobacco) When raising tobacco, the cold resistance improver for crops shown in Table 4 was used for one week.
The soil was irrigated twice at an interval. Crops for cold resistance improvers used in a concentration comprised between 50ppm component (A), spray volume was 3L / m ^2. The grown seedlings were planted in this field, but frost fell 7 days later. The dead leaf area immediately after the frost was measured, and the dead leaf area ratio was calculated by the following equation. Table 4 shows the results. Dead leaf area ratio = [(Dead site leaf area) / (Total leaf area)]
× 100

[0091]

[Table 4]

[0092]

According to the low temperature tolerance improving agent for agricultural products of the present invention, a remarkable effect of improving the low temperature resistance of various agricultural products such as fruit trees, vegetables, and grains can be obtained safely.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A01N 43/16 A01N 43/16 (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Kurita 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama Pref. (72) Inventor Masatoshi Kamei 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama Prefecture F-term in the Kao Research Lab.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A low-temperature tolerance improver for agricultural crops comprising one or more compounds (A) selected from the following (1) to (5). (1) Compound represented by the following general formula (1-1) [Wherein, R ¹¹ is a hydrocarbon group having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R ¹² is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R
¹³ represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms. (2) a compound represented by the following general formula (2-1) R ²¹ -O- (AO) _m -R ²² (2-1) [wherein R ²¹ has one or more hydroxyl groups; which may hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 12 to 24, R ²² represents a hydrocarbon group having a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group one or more carbon atoms, which may have 1 to 24, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms , M is
The average number of moles of alkylene oxide added,
(However, when m is 0, R ²² is not a hydrogen atom). (3) a compound represented by the following general formula (3-1) R ³¹ -COO- (AO) _n -R ³² (3-1) wherein R ³¹ has one or more hydroxyl groups; A hydrocarbon group having 11 to 29 carbon atoms, R ³² is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may have one or more hydroxyl groups, -COR ³³ (R ³³ is a 23 is a hydrocarbon group) or a counter ion, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an average addition mole number of alkylene oxide, and represents a number of 0 to 5. (4) an organic acid derivative in which a group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms is bonded to at least one of the functional groups of the organic acid having at least two functional groups; (5) a glycerin derivative 2. A compound represented by the general formula (1-1):
The low temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products according to claim 1, which is a monohydric alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms. 3. A surfactant (B), a chelating agent (C) and a fertilizer (D) other than the compounds (1) to (5).
The low temperature tolerance improver for agricultural products according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises at least one of the following. 4. A method for improving low-temperature tolerance of a crop, comprising supplying the low-temperature tolerance improving agent for a crop according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to the crop.