JP2002239827A - Composite tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite tool capable of milling a deburred cast part surface in a flat surface by removing chilled burrs of a cast part by grinding work and to work the cast part surface after casting in a flat surface in high precision, in a short period of time and at low cost. SOLUTION: A body of a front surface milling cutter is mounted concentrically with a spindle on a tool main body integrally fixed on the spindle to be rotationally driven of a spindle stock, a cup type grindstone main body of a cup type super abrasive grain grindstone is concentrically fixed by surrounding a blade part of the front surface milling cutter, a super abrasive grain layer retreating a head end surface by specified quantity from a blade part head end on a ring head end part of the grindstone main body, the burrs of the cast part surface are removed by the cup type super abrasive grain grindstone, and this deburred surface is worked in the flat surface by the front milling cutter.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a composite tool for removing burrs on the surface of a casting part and milling the surface of the casting part from which the burrs have been removed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Chilled hard burrs are formed on the surface of a cast component such as a cylinder block after casting. When the surface of the cast component on which the burrs are formed is machined by milling, the burrs are hard and intermittent. Therefore, there is a problem that the blade portion of the milling cutter is chipped due to being generated in the milling machine. For this reason, at present, the surface of a cast component after casting is ground by a grindstone with a grinder to remove chilled burrs, and the surface of the cast component from which the burrs have been removed is milled into a plane by a milling machine.

[0003]

For this reason, for example, when planarizing the top surface of a cast cylinder block, two processes, a grinding process and a milling process, are required, and a long time is required for processing and transporting. In addition, there was a problem that a grinding machine and a milling machine were required.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is possible to remove chilled burrs of a casting part by grinding, and to mill the surface of the casting part from which burrs have been removed into a flat surface. It is to provide a composite tool.

[0005]

To solve the above problems SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The features of the structure of the invention according to claim 1 is a front to a tool body that is integrally fixed to the main shaft which is driven headstock rotation is attached milling of the body to the main shaft concentrically, the cup-shaped grinding stone cup-shaped superabrasive grinding wheel is fixed concentrically surrounds the blade portion of the face mill, the distal end surface in an annular tip portion of the grinding stone Is formed by retreating a predetermined amount from the tip of the blade portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the composite tool according to the first aspect, wherein the outer diameter of the face portion of the face milling cutter relative to the outer diameter of the superabrasive layer of the cup type superabrasive stone is set. That is, the ratio of the diameters is set to 1.5: 1 to 3: 1.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the composite tool according to the first or second aspect, wherein the superabrasive layer of the cup-type superabrasive wheel is coated with a single superabrasive layer. That is, it was formed by electrodeposition on the annular tip portion of the main body.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a face mill is attached to a tool main body fixed to a main shaft, and a cup is fixed concentrically to the tool main body so as to surround the milling cutter. The burrs on the surface of the cast part are removed by a super-abrasive grindstone, and the surface from which the burrs have been removed is machined into a flat surface by a face mill. Plane processing can be performed with high efficiency. Furthermore, cup-shaped so fixing the superabrasive grinding wheel, hard chill of the burr intermittently grindstone be ground is no escape by grinding resistance, it is possible to reliably remove the burrs, after casting The surface of the cast part can be efficiently plane-processed with high precision.

In the invention according to claim 2 configured as described above, in the composite tool according to claim 1, the blade portion of the face mill with respect to the outer diameter of the superabrasive layer of the cup-type superabrasive wheel. Since the ratio of the outer diameter of the composite tool is set to 1.5: 1 to 3: 1, the number of rotations of the composite tool capable of obtaining a milling peripheral speed suitable for milling by the face mill is:
Grinding wheel circumferential speed that is suitable for grinding by cup-shaped superabrasive grinding wheel can be obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the superabrasive layer of the cup-type superabrasive stone is formed by a single superabrasive layer. Since the electrode is formed by electrodeposition on the annular tip portion of the main body of the grinding stone, the life of the grinding stone is long and the abrasion is small. Therefore, burrs can be properly removed without correcting the abrasion of the grinding stone.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A composite tool 10 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 and FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a spindle which is rotatably supported on a headstock 28 and is driven to rotate by a motor. A tool body 13 is fitted to a small diameter portion 12 at the tip of the spindle 11 by a key 14 being prevented from rotating. At the end of the small diameter portion 12 is a body 1 of a face mill 15
6 is fitted with the tool body 13 sandwiched between the tool body 13 and the shoulder 17 of the main shaft 11. A bolt 18 screwed to the end face of the small diameter portion 12 presses the body 16 together with the tool body 13 against the shoulder 17 via a washer 19 to fix the body 16 concentrically to the main shaft 11. The body 16 is engaged with a key 21 fixedly engaged with the tip mounting portion 20 of the tool main body 13, thereby restricting the front milling cutter 15 from rotating relative to the tool main body 13 and the main shaft 11.

An outer end of the tool body 13 is provided with a tip mounting portion 20.
An annular flange 29 protrudes from the rear end, and a cup-shaped grindstone main body 23 of a cup-type superabrasive grindstone 22 fitted to the distal end mounting portion 20 surrounds the blade portion 24 of the face mill 15 and fits concentrically. The bolts 2
5 fixed. The key groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the grindstone main body 23 is engaged with the key 21 fixedly engaged with the tip mounting portion 20, and the cup type superabrasive grindstone 22 is moved to the tool main body 13.
In its turn, it regulates that rotates relative to the main shaft 11. A single superabrasive layer 26 is formed on the annular tip portion of the cup-shaped grindstone main body 23 on the tip end surface and the outer peripheral surface by metal bond bonding by electrodeposition. The tip surface of the superabrasive layer 26
It is retracted from the tip of the blade portion 24 of the face mill 15 by a predetermined amount A, for example, 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm. The cup-shaped diamond grinding wheel in which one layer of diamond abrasive grains is formed by electrodeposition on the tip portion of the cup-shaped grinding wheel main body 23 has a long life even after grinding burrs of a cast component after casting, and is suitable for a composite tool according to the present invention. Particularly suitable.

The outer diameter B of the face mill 15 is 200 mm,
The outer diameter C and 400mm of cup-shaped superabrasive grinding wheel 22 to rotationally drive the spindle 11 in 1300Min ^-1, milling peripheral speed 816m / min becomes suitable for milling, grinding wheel peripheral speed 1632m / min next superabrasive Chilled burrs can be satisfactorily ground without any dropout of grains. As described above, when the main shaft 11 is rotationally driven at a rotation speed that obtains a milling peripheral speed suitable for milling, a grindstone peripheral speed capable of satisfactorily grinding chilled burrs without dropping of superabrasive grains is obtained. In order to maintain the outer diameter of the cup-type superabrasive grindstone to a practical size, it is necessary to use a blade of the face mill 15 with respect to the outer diameter C of the superabrasive layer 26 of the cup-type superabrasive grindstone 22. The ratio of the outer diameter B of the portion 24 is preferably 1.5: 1 to 3: 1.

Next, in order to explain the operation of the composite tool according to the present invention, a working system for flat-machining the upper surface of the work W will be briefly described. Note that the horizontal direction in FIG. 3 is the X-axis direction, the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the work system includes a robot 31 that holds a work W such as a cylinder block after casting, and a processing machine 51 that performs a plane processing on the work W.

First, the robot 31 is a so-called horizontal articulated robot, and has a fixed base 32 fixed to the floor F of the machining system, a column 33 erected on the fixed base 32, and a column 33 in the Z-axis direction. It comprises a table 34 movably mounted, and an articulated arm 36 having a base 35 fixed to the table 34. Table 34, an unillustrated servo motor, the feed screw mechanism, and is moved up and down along the first axis 30 in the Z-axis direction along the column 33. Articulated arm 36, the base 35, first arm 37, second arm 38, the list portion 39 is constructed by sequentially connecting.

More specifically, the first arm 37 is connected to the base 34 so as to be able to turn horizontally about a second axis 40 in the Z-axis direction, and the second arm 38 is horizontally connected about a third axis 41 in the Z-axis direction. The arm 37 is pivotally connected to the first arm 37. The wrist section 39 includes a fourth axis 4 perpendicular to the third axis on the second arm 38.
The rotating shaft 44 and the rotating shaft 4 supported to be rotatable around 3.
A swinging portion 46 is mounted on the swinging portion 46 so as to be rotatable around a fifth axis 45 perpendicular to the fourth axis. The swinging portion 46 is rotatably supported around a sixth axis 47 perpendicular to the fifth axis. And a rotating shaft 48. The turning and rotating operations of the first arm 37, the second arm 38, and the wrist portion 39 are performed by a plurality of servo motors provided corresponding to each axis.

A gripping device for detachably gripping a workpiece holder 50 for holding the workpiece W is mounted on the pivot 48 of the wrist portion 39 of the multi-joint arm 36. The work holder 50 is provided with a well-known clamp mechanism for holding the work W on a surface facing a processing machine 51 described later.

On the other hand, the processing machine 51 is disposed to face the robot 31, and has a base 52 fixed to the floor F, the headstock 28 mounted on the base 52, and a cover for covering the headstock 28. It is constructed to a fixed frame 53 to the base 52. The headstock 28 is provided with a headstock 1
1 is rotatably supported in the X-axis direction, and the main shaft 11 is driven to rotate by a built-in motor. Complex tool 1 according to the present invention the tip small-diameter portion 12 of the main shaft 11
0 is attached as described above. The headstock 28 is moved forward and backward with respect to the robot 31 in the X-axis direction by a ball screw feed mechanism that is rotationally driven by a servomotor.

[0019] In the thus configured tool system, when the robot 31 while holding the workpiece W to the workpiece holding member 50 is subjected to surface machining to the machining plane Y-Z plane in the workpiece W, the workpiece W is The machining reaction force received from the composite tool 10 acts on the multi-joint arm 36, and the multi-joint arm 3
6 to try to displacement. Usually, in the robot 31, if the weight of the work W to be handled is about 70 kg, the articulated arm 36 has a weight of about 500 kg.
Of the processing reaction force, the force in the Z-axis direction can be countered by the weight of the articulated arm 31. Further, with respect to the X-axis direction force, the articulated arm 31 can withstand the control of the force pressing toward the processing machine 51.

An arm support mechanism is provided to resist a processing reaction force in the Y-axis direction. The arm support mechanism operates the multi-joint arm 3 only when the multi-joint arm 36 of the robot 31 transfers the workpiece W to a position where the workpiece W is processed by the composite tool 10.
By supporting the distal end of the arm 6, the displacement of the arm due to the reaction force is prevented. That is, a pair of guide rails 56 are provided upright in the Z-axis direction on the frame body 53 with the headstock 28 interposed therebetween, and a guide body 57 having a through window substantially at the center of the guide rails 56 is provided in the Z-axis direction. It is movably mounted. The guide 57 is a roller 5 provided on the top of the frame 53.
The chain 59 is connected to a balance weight slightly heavier than the guide body 57 by a chain 59, and is positioned at a rising end position in a free weight state with a substantially weight balance. At two positions of the workpiece holder 50 gripped by the gripping device mounted on the pivot shaft 48 at the tip of the articulated arm 36, the engagement shaft 6 having an engagement hole formed at the tip is provided.
0 is protruded in the X-axis direction, and the distal end of the multi-joint arm 36 is supported by the guide body 57 by engaging this engagement hole with two engagement pins 61 protruded from the guide body 57. The Y-direction displacement of the arm due to the processing reaction force is prevented.

The operation for flattening the composite tool 10 the upper surface of the casting cylinder block after casting in the above work system as workpiece W will be described. First, robot 3
The gripping device attached to the first rotating shaft 48 grips the workpiece holder 50 that has clamped the workpiece W conveyed by a conveyor or the like (not shown), and moves toward the guide body 57 at the rising end position. Engagement shaft 6 of holder 50
0 tip engagement pin engagement holes projecting from the guide member 57 of the 61
To be engaged. The headstock 28 is advanced by the servomotor toward the work holder 50 via the ball screw feed mechanism, and the multi-tool 10 is provided with a predetermined amount of cut in the workpiece W. In this state, the upper surface of the work W is guided by the guide 5.
7 and are aligned in the Z-axis direction with the composite tool 10.

The second to sixth parts of the articulated arm 36
By controlling the servomotor for the shaft, the work holder 50 is pressed against the guide body 57 by an appropriate force, and the table 34 is moved while maintaining the engagement state between the tip hole of the engagement shaft 60 and the engagement pin 61. It is lowered along the column 33 and the articulated arm 36
Is lowered along the first axis 30. This articulated arm 3
Since the guide body 57 moves on the guide rail 56 following the operation of No. 6, the work W is integrated with the work holding body 50 and the guide body 57 toward the composite tool 10 in the Z-axis direction, for example, 80 m. / S feed speed. As a result, the chilled burrs on the upper surface of the workpiece W are first ground by the superabrasive layer 26 of the large-diameter cup-type superabrasive grindstone 22, and the burrs are removed, for example, by removing a cutting depth of 10 mm. The upper surface of the workpiece W is machined in one pass by a face mill 15 having an outer diameter larger than the width of the upper surface of the workpiece. The cutting amount of the front milling cutter 15 is an amount A in which the tip end surface of the superabrasive grain layer 26 is retracted from the tip end of the blade portion 24 of the front milling cutter 15, for example, 0.5 mm. At this time, the headstock 54
Of the main shaft 11 is, for example, 130
The composite tool 10, which is driven to rotate at 0 min ⁻¹ and is fixed to the tip of the main shaft 11, is also rotated at the same rotational speed and
The peripheral speed of the milling of the blade portion 24 is 8 suitable for milling.
The peripheral speed of the super-abrasive layer 26 of the cup-type super-abrasive grindstone 22 is 1632 m / min.
in. In the test, the upper surface of the cylinder block after casting was able to be processed in a short time with high accuracy in one pass under the processing conditions exemplified above.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a composite tool according to the present invention.

2 is a front view of a composite tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a machining system using a composite tool.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a machining state by a composite tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Composite tool, 11 ... Spindle, 13 ... Tool body, 15 ... Face milling, 16 ... Body, 2
0: tip mounting portion, 22: cup-type superabrasive grindstone, 23: grindstone main body, 24: blade portion, 26 ...
Super abrasive layer, 28 ... headstock, 31 ... robot, 3
6: Articulated arm, 50: Work holder, 51
... Processing machine, 57 ... Guiding body, W ... Work.

Claims (3)

[Claims] With 1. A mounting a headstock rotatably driven integrally fixed body of face milling to the tool body to the main shaft are in the main shaft concentrically, said cup-shaped grinding stone cup-shaped superabrasive grindstone A composite tool comprising a front milling cutter surrounding and fixed concentrically and forming a superabrasive grain layer in which a tip surface is set back by a predetermined amount from the tip of the blade portion at an annular tip portion of the whetstone body. 2. The composite tool according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the outer diameter of the blade portion of the face mill to the outer diameter of the superabrasive layer of the cup-type superabrasive stone is 1.5: 1 to 3. : complex tool, characterized in that it was to 1. 3. The composite tool according to claim 1, wherein a superabrasive layer of the cup-type superabrasive grindstone is electrodeposited with a single layer of superabrasive grains on an annular tip portion of the grindstone main body. A composite tool characterized by being formed.