JP2002145175A - How to replace anchors - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a method of replacing an anchor which makes it possible to safely and easily take in a head buoy or a head wire into the vicinity of an anchorage deck. SOLUTION: A head buoy that approaches a head buoy 1 to a head buoy 1 and grips the head buoy 1 from above and below by a head buoy holding machine 10 provided with a holding frame 14 and a receiving frame 15 installed at the bow of the anchor ship 30. A catching step, a joining step of joining the wire eye 8 of the head buoy 1 caught by the head buoy grasping machine 10 and the hanging wire 30d from the anchor ship 30, separating the head buoy 1 from the head buoy grasping machine 10, An anchor lifting step of lifting the anchor 40d with the hanging wire 30d,
I do.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for replacing an anchor for fixing a work boat safely and easily.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A ground improvement work boat 101 on which a ground improvement device 103 is mounted strikes four to six anchors 105 at positions released from the work boat, and anchor wires 102 attached to the anchors 105 are anchored by an anchor inch 104. And tighten the work boat (FIGS. 11A and 11B). The work range of the work boat 101 is such that four to six anchors 105 are wound around each winch 104 within the installation position, the amount of winding is variable, and the work boat is set at a predetermined position. In addition, by changing anchoring, it is possible to maneuver in other areas.

A chain 102a and an anchor 105 are connected to a wire 102 extending from an anchor inch 104 of a work boat.
5 will dig into the ground. Also, a head wire 3 for lifting the anchor is attached to a hanging bracket 105a attached to the back of the anchor 105, and the tip of the head wire 3 is
After that, the slinging wire 60 is attached to the wire eye 8. Accordingly, the anchor 105 can be lifted by unwinding the anchor inch 104, loosening the anchor wire 102, and then pulling up the head wire 3 (FIG. 12).

Conventionally, such an anchor replacement operation has been performed in the following procedure. To take in the anchor, first, the anchor wire is unwound, and the crew visually checks the buoy from the anchorage boat prepared separately from the work boat and approaches. Next, the wire is hooked and pulled with a hacker to take in the slinging wire. After temporarily fixing the head wire to the anchor ship so as not to slide down, the wire eye and the suspension wire of the anchor ship are joined with a shackle as a joining jig. Next, the winch on the anchoring vessel is wound up to take in the anchor, and the anchoring winch of the working boat is unwound. After the loading of the anchor is completed, the anchorage boat is moved to the next driving position. An anchor implantation in a new area,
First, the anchor cow inch is lowered, the anchor is installed, and the shackle is removed when the sling wire is loosened, and the installation work of the anchor is completed.

[0005]

The above-described conventional anchor replacement work involves maneuvering the anchorage vessel, one captain performing remote control of the winch, maintenance of the engine, and operation of the machine side of the winch. At least one chief engineer and two deck members who perform slinging work are required. In addition, the head buoy, the head wire, and the anchor ship all swing greatly, so it is difficult for the head buoy and the head wire to enter near the anchor ship deck, and it is difficult to join the head wire and the suspension wire of the anchor ship. It was accompanied.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method of replacing an anchor which can safely and easily take in a head buoy or a head wire near an anchorage deck.

[0007]

Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, if a head buoy grasper for catching a head buoy is installed at the bow of a windlass, a head buoy or a head wire will be used. A head buoy structure that can fix the wire eye in a fixed direction when the wire eye and the drum buoy are locked can be easily taken into the vicinity of the anchorage deck, and the direction of the wire eye is determined, and the hanging wire of the anchor ship The present inventors have found that the joining operation of the wire eye and the wire eye can be performed safely and easily, and have completed the present invention.

That is, a buoy catch approaching the anchor buoy by approaching the head buoy and gripping the head buoy from above and below by a head buoy gripper equipped with a holding frame and a receiving frame installed at the bow of the anchor ship. Process, the joining step of joining the wire eye of the head buoy caught by the head buoy holding machine and the hanging wire from the anchor ship, separating the head buoy from the head buoy holding machine, and lifting the anchor with the hanging wire An anchor frying step is provided. By adopting such a configuration, the head buoy and the head wire can be easily taken into the vicinity of the anchorage deck, and the work of joining the hanging wire and the wire eye of the anchorage in the later process can be easily performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the head buoy is provided with a pipe through which a head wire passes in a lateral center portion of the drum buoy,
The pipe comprises a trumpet tube having a wire eye positioning portion cut out in a wave shape formed by a reverse parabola and a parabola in a side view on an upper side, and a female cone portion of the trumpet tube in a wire eye connection portion of the head wire. It is intended to provide a method for replacing an anchor provided with a male conical portion which fits with the anchor.
By adopting such a configuration, the directionality of the wire eye is determined, and the work of joining the hanging wire of the anchor ship and the wire eye in the subsequent process can be performed more easily.

[0010] In a third aspect, the head buoy gripper includes:
A substantially L-shaped elevating frame having one end pivotally supported on a fixed portion such as a bow deck and rotatable in a vertical direction; and a rotating body rotatably supported rotatably facing a vertical member protruding from the bow of the elevating frame. A holding frame that has one end pivotally supported by the rotating body and is rotatable in the vertical direction; and a receiving frame that has one end fixed to the rotating body via a shock absorber, and a gripper that grips the head buoy from above and below. The present invention provides a method for replacing an anchor having: By adopting such a configuration, the head buoy grasping machine and the head buoy can always keep a horizontal state even if the anchor ship shakes, the directionality of the wire eye is further stabilized, and the hanging wire and the wire eye of the later-stage anchor ship are provided. Can be more easily performed. In addition, if an abnormal load is applied to the head buoy or the head buoy grasping machine after catching the head buoy, the receiving frame can be opened and the head buoy can be released, which is safe.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the receiving frame has a cutout portion that gradually widens toward the front end, and a wire storage for storing a head wire at a rear end of the cutout portion. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for replacing an anchor further provided with a part. By adopting such a configuration, the stability of catching of the head buoy is improved.

A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method of replacing an anchor in which a television camera for capturing a head buoy and a head buoy grasper is provided on a boom of an anchor ship. By adopting such a configuration, the head buoy can be caught by the operation in the cab, so that it is not necessary for the seafarer to stay near the bow and visually check it.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An anchor replacement method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
(A) to (F) in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a series of flow of the replacement work of the anchor. The work boat, which is not shown in the figure, is fixed with the anchor wire 40 attached to the anchor 40b tensioned by an anchor inch. And anchor 4
After attaching the head wire 3 for lifting the anchor from the back surface of the head wire 0b and passing the tip of the head wire 3 through the drum buoy 2,
An eye surface of a wire eye 8 described later is fixed by a flapper tube having a wire eye positioning portion so as to face the side surface of the drum buoy 2 (FIG. 1A). An anchor is taken in using an anchor ship 30 prepared separately from the work boat. A sailor checks the buoy 1 with the television camera 30c from the cab 30e of the anchorage ship and approaches. The head buoy 1 may be visually checked by the crew from the cab 30e or from the deck, but the hanging boom 30a often becomes an obstacle from the cab 30e, and is dangerous from the deck, and the television camera is dangerous. Preferably, 30c is used. When approaching, the head buoy gripping machine 10 installed at the bow widens the intake formed by the holding frame 14 and the receiving frame 15 (FIG. 1A).

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the head buoy 1 is provided with a pipe 7 for passing the head wire 3 at the lateral center of the drum buoy 2. The pipe 7 has a wire-eye positioning portion 4 cut out so as to have a reverse parabolic shape when viewed from the front and a parabolic shape when viewed from the side.
Is a trumpet tube. That is, the pipe 7 is composed of a straight pipe portion 7b in the drum buoy 2 and a different diameter pipe 7a whose diameter increases like a trumpet from the straight pipe portion 7b toward the opening. One end of the head wire 3 is connected to the back of the anchor, and the other end is connected to a wire eye 8 through a pipe 7. A fitting member 6 having a male conical portion 6a is provided at a connecting portion with the wire eye 8, and the male conical portion 6a of the fitting member 6 adopts a fitting structure with the female conical portion 5 of the flared portion 7 of the trumpet tube 7. It has become.

The setting of the head wire 3 to the drum buoy 2 is performed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, the head wire 3 falls until it comes into contact with the wire eye positioning portion 4 of the drum buoy 2 due to gravity. In this state, the head wire 3 swings, gravity and the inclined structure of the wire eye positioning portion 4 act, so that the fitting member 6 of the wire eye 8 falls into the female cone portion 5 of the trumpet tube 7 while rotating and falls into the fitted state. Becomes Accordingly, the eye of the wire eye 8 is fixed at a position that can be observed from a side view (FIG. 6).
(B)). In this state, the positional relationship between the drum buoy 2 and the wire eye 8 is fixed regardless of any shaking.

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the head buoy gripping machine 10 includes a substantially L-shaped lifting frame 12 and a lifting frame 1.
A rotating member 13 rotatably supported so as to face the vertical member 12a protruding from the bow of the second holding member; a holding frame 14 pivotally supported at one end by the rotating body 13 and rotatable in the vertical direction; And a receiving frame 15 fixed via a shock absorber 13A, and a gripper 15A for gripping the drum buoy 2 from above and below.

The elevating frame 12 is substantially L-shaped and includes a horizontal member and a vertical member bent downward from an end of the horizontal member. One end of the horizontal member is pivotally supported by a fixed portion 16 such as the bow deck 11, and the hydraulic cylinder 12b opens and closes the link mechanism 12d, so that the elevating frame 12 rotates up and down around the pivot support portion 12c. The rotating body 13 is the lifting frame 1
2 at the position facing the vertical member 12a,
Is fixed to the vertical member 12a by a shaft member 18 protruding from a position slightly above the center on the surface opposite to the side on which the grip portion 15A is fixed. This allows
Even if shaking occurs, the rotating body 13 is fixed to the vertical member 1
Since the gripper 15A moves like a pendulum with respect to 2a, the gripper 15A can always maintain a fixed position state (horizontal state), which facilitates taking in of the drum buoy 2 as described later.

Pressing frame 14 fixed to rotating body 13
Is rotatable up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 17.
Further, the receiving frame 15 fixed to the rotating body 13 and positioned below the holding frame 14 has a notch 15a that gradually widens toward the front end, and a rear end of the notch 15a. That is, it is a saucer-shaped one further provided with a wire storage portion 15b having a groove width slightly larger than the wire diameter of the head wire at the base portion (FIG. 9). Receiving frame 1
Reference numeral 5 denotes a shock absorber 13A housed inside the rotating body, which holds the drum buoy 2 in a fixed state by the biasing force of the spring 13a when the drum buoy 2 is gripped, and when an unusual load such as a rough sea is applied, an anchoring ship. In order to avoid the influence on the roller, the roller 13b is rotated downward by the rotation of the roller 13b to release the drum buoy 2 against the bias of the spring (two-dot chain line in FIG. 10).

When the anchor ship 30 approaches the head buoy take-in position. The head buoy gripper 10 pushes out the drum buoy 2 from the side orthogonal to the eye surface of the wire eye 8, that is, the side orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the drum buoy 2, and raises and lowers the drum buoy 2 with the holding frame 14 and the receiving frame 15. Catch it by sandwiching it from (head buoy catch process). At this time, the wire of the head buoy 1 is
Is accommodated in the wire accommodating portion 15b along the notch portion 15a, and the shaking of the head buoy is suppressed and stable gripping can be performed. Next, a joining step for joining the wire eye 8 of the head buoy 1 and the hanging wire 30d from the anchor ship 30 is started (FIG. 1B). This joining method is not particularly limited, and a sling wire (not shown) is attached to the wire eye 8 of the head buoy 1, and the sling wire is pulled using a hacker, and the wire is drawn from the wire eye 8 of the head buoy 1 and the anchoring ship 30. May be joined by a shackle (joining jig) 30g (FIG. 2C).

Next, the wire winch 30 of the anchor ship 30
In FIG. 2 (D), the hanging wire 30d is wound in at the same time as b, and at the same time, the anchor wire from the work boat is wound to release the anchor, and the anchor is lifted (an anchor lifting step).
The joining jig 30g for joining the suspension wire 30d and the head wire 3 is both wound around the wire winch 30b.
Thereby, the anchor fry step is completed.

After the loading of the anchor 40b is completed, the anchor ship 30 is moved to the next driving position. The driving of the anchor 40b in the new area is performed by first winding the wire winch 30b. At this time,
For example, a capture device 50 is installed at the bow and used (FIG. 2E). The capturing device 50 has a structure similar to scissors,
Opening and closing of the scissors is performed by a hydraulic cylinder. In addition, a notch slightly larger than the outer diameter of the wire is formed at the base of the scissors so that a circular hole is formed in a closed state (not shown). The wire winch 30b of the anchor ship 30 is unwound, the head wire 3 is loosened, the anchor ship 30 is advanced, and the head wire 3 is guided to the intake device 50. When the induced head wire 3 enters the opening / closing opening of the scissors, the scissors are closed and the head wire 3 is taken in. When the head wire 3 is lowered, the fitting portion 6 of the wire eye bites into the circular hole of the capturing device 50, and the head wire 3 is locked. Then, the suspension wire 30d on the anchor ship 30 side is loosened. In this state, manually remove the shackle. An auxiliary wire is set on the suspension wire and fixed to the deck of the anchor ship 30. Next, the lock of the scissors of the capturing device 50 is released, the head wire 3 is dropped into the sea, and the installation work of the anchor 40b is completed (FIG. 2).
(F)).

[0022]

According to the method of replacing an anchor of the present invention, it is possible to safely and easily incorporate a head buoy or a head wire into a deck of a anchorage ship and join a head wire and a suspension wire of the anchorage ship. Can be done.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for replacing anchors.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of replacing anchors performed following the procedure in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing a joined state of a drum buoy and a head wire.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the drum buoy of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a joining state between a drum buoy and a head wire.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the head buoy gripper.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a receiving frame of the head buoy gripper.

FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state in which the work boat is fixed with anchors.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a conventional use state of an anchor, a head buoy, and a head wire.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Head buoy 2 Drum buoy 3 Head wire 4 Wire eye positioning part 5 Female cone part 6 Male cone part (fitting member) 7 Wrapper tube 8 Wire eye 9 Sea 10 Head buoy grasper 11 Bow deck 12 Elevating frame 12a Vertical member 12b, 17 Hydraulic Cylinder 13 Rotating body 14 Holding frame 15 Receiving frame 16 Fixing part 18 Axle 30 Anchor ship 30d Suspension wire from anchorage ship 40, 102 Anchor wire 40b, 105 Anchor 50 Take-in device

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A head buoy catching step of approaching a windshield buoy to a head buoy and gripping the head buoy from above and below by a head buoy gripper equipped with a holding frame and a receiving frame installed at the bow of the windshield hull; A joining step of joining the wire eye of the head buoy caught by the gripper and the suspension wire from the anchor ship, and removing the head buoy from the head buoy grasper, and an anchor lifting step of lifting the anchor with the suspension wire, An anchor replacement method having the following. 2. The head buoy is provided with a pipe for passing a head wire in a lateral center of a drum buoy, and the pipe has a wire eye positioning notched in a wave shape formed by an inverted parabola and a parabola in a side view. 2. An anchor according to claim 1, wherein said head wire is provided with a male conical portion which fits with a female conical portion of said wrapper tube. Replacement method. 3. The head buoy grasping machine has a substantially L-shaped elevating frame rotatably movable in the vertical direction, one end of which is pivotally supported by a fixed portion such as a bow deck, and a vertical member protruding from the bow of the elevating frame. A rotating body which is rotatably supported while facing, a holding frame which has one end pivotally supported by the rotating body and is vertically rotatable, and a receiving frame which has one end fixed to the rotating body via a shock absorber; 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: a gripper for gripping the head buoy from above and below. 4. The receiving frame has a notch portion that gradually widens toward a front end, and a wire housing portion for housing a head wire is further provided at a rear end portion of the notch portion. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the anchor is replaced. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a television camera for capturing a head buoy and a head buoy grasper is installed on a boom of the anchor ship.