JP2002130640A - Garbage measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a refuse measuring device capable of measuring the state of distribution of refuse deposition over substantially the entire surface of a grate. Two camera devices (6) arranged in an incinerator for capturing dust over a grate over a predetermined range, and image processing performed by inputting a captured image captured by the camera device. Thereafter, a vertex extracting unit 12 for extracting the vertices of the bulge of the dust, a vertex position calculating unit 14 for calculating the positions of the extracted vertices on the grate, and vertices obtained by the vertex position calculating unit. Among them, a mesh partitioning section 15 for selecting three adjacent points and partitioning the whole of the dust on the grate into a triangular mesh section, and a partial volume calculating section 16 for calculating a partial volume in each of these mesh sections What provided with.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a measuring device capable of measuring the state of dust accumulation on a grate in a waste incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, it is important to know the thickness of waste in a waste incinerator, that is, the state of accumulation of waste, in performing combustion control of the incinerator.

[0003] Conventionally, a method of detecting the state of accumulation of refuse in a refuse incinerator has been performed by measuring the pressure of air supplied from a wind box arranged below a grate.

[0004]

As described above, the state of dust accumulation on the grate is estimated based on the pressure of air supplied from the wind box below the grate. Since it is provided for each wide area, when the grate is viewed as a whole, it is only possible to roughly estimate the state of garbage accumulation, and to accurately determine the state of garbage accumulation over the entire surface of the grate. There was a problem that measurement could not be performed, uneven combustion occurred, and the grate was partially exposed, leading to a shortened life of the grate.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a refuse measuring apparatus capable of measuring the state of refuse accumulation over substantially the entire surface of a grate.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a refuse measuring device according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of camera devices arranged in an incinerator for photographing refuse on a grate over a predetermined range. And a vertex extraction unit for inputting a photographed image photographed by the camera device and performing image processing, and then extracting a vertex of a bulge of the dust, and obtaining a position of each of the extracted vertices on a grate. A vertex position calculating unit and a mesh partitioning unit that selects three adjacent points from among the vertices obtained by the vertex position calculating unit and partitions the triangular mesh portion over the entire refuse on the grate. And a partial volume calculating section for calculating a partial volume in each of these mesh portions. In the above configuration, the partial volumes calculated by the partial volume calculating section are summed over the entire surface of the grate. Total volume calculation In which the provided.

[0007] According to the above arrangement, dust on the grate is photographed by a plurality of camera devices, and vertices at the swelling portion of the dust are detected from these photographed images. Of the garbage is divided into triangular meshes, and the partial volume of the garbage in these compartments is calculated by calculation. And the total amount of waste in the incinerator can be accurately measured.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A refuse measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The refuse measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment is for measuring the state of distribution of refuse deposited on a grate in a refuse incinerator. As shown in FIG. 1, the refuse measuring device 1 is provided on an upper wall portion of a stoker type incinerator 2 having a combustion chamber 3 formed above a grate 4 near a refuse supply hopper 5 and provided with a grate. And two camera devices (for example, CCD cameras) 6 (6A, 6B) capable of photographing the upper surface over substantially the entire surface, and each photographed image photographed by each of these camera devices 6 And an arithmetic processing unit 7 for calculating the state of dust distribution over substantially the entire area of the grate 4 upon input.

Although not shown, each camera device 6 is provided with an infrared filter capable of passing only infrared light. Then, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 2 and the photographed images of FIGS. 3A to 3D, the photographed images A of the infrared rays photographed by the respective camera devices 6 are input to the arithmetic processing unit 7, respectively. An edge extraction unit 11 for extracting an edge portion B, which is a ridge line of a raised portion of dust, by image processing for each captured image A;
A vertex extraction unit 12 that detects the intersection point between the edge portions B extracted by the above and extracts a vertex P of a partial bulge portion for each photographed image A, and each photographing extracted by the vertex extraction unit 12 A vertex determination unit 13 that performs a correlation operation between the vertices P for each image A and determines whether the vertices P extracted in both captured images A are the same, and the vertex determination unit 13 determines that the vertices P are the same. The vertex position calculating unit 14 that determines the actual vertex position of the garbage from the position on the screen in each photographed image A, and the vertices calculated by the vertex position calculating unit 14 that are adjacent to each other A mesh partition 15 that extracts three points to partition the garbage surface with a triangular mesh C, and a partial volume calculation unit that calculates a partial volume in a triangular prism-shaped partition D partitioned by the mesh partition 15. 16 and this request Based on the partial volume which is grate 4
A total volume calculation unit 17 for calculating the volume of the entire refuse is provided.

Here, the details of the processing performed by the above-described determination unit / calculation unit will be described in detail. In the following description, a suffix L is attached to an image captured by one camera device 6A, and a suffix R is attached to an image captured by the other camera device 6B.

Although the order is different from that of the vertex extracting section 12, the processing in the vertex determining section 13 will be described first. The vertex determination unit 13 determines whether the vertices on each captured image are the same using the correlation as described above.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the center of the vertex P _L in one of the captured images A _L among the captured images A _L and A _R captured by the two camera devices 6A and 6B. A determination block (determination area) E of a predetermined range is set, and the image of this determination block E is replaced with the other captured image A _R
A correlation operation (for example, a correlation function is used) is performed on each of the determination blocks F at the same area and at a plurality of positions (for example, positions shifted from one side to the other side at predetermined intervals). The vertices P _L and P _R in the determination block having a high relationship are determined to be the same vertex P on both the captured images A _L and A _R.

Next, the vertex extraction unit 12 is shown in FIGS.
It will be described based on. As shown in FIG. 5, the position of one camera device 6 </ b> A is determined by three-dimensional coordinates (x, y,
In addition to the origin O in z), the other camera device 6B is arranged at a position separated by a distance b on the x axis, the focal length in each of the camera devices 6A and 6B is f, and each focal point is Each camera device 6 at a position
A, 6B photographed image A _L of the local coordinate system on _{A R (x L, y L} ), (x R, y R) vertex at P _L, the position of the _{P R, (X L, Y} L) , (X _R , Y _R ), and the position of the vertex of the dust on the actual grate 4 is P (X,
Y, Z), the following equations (1) to (3) hold.

[0015]

[Number 1] _{X = b · X L / (} X L -X R) ··· (1) Y = b · Y / (X L -X R) ··· (2) Z = b · f / ( X _L -X _R) by calculating (3) above (1) to (3), as shown in (a) of FIG. 6, the apex P of the dust to the surface 4a of the grate 4 Is obtained as the coordinate position P (X, Y, Z).
Of course, the equation representing the plane of the surface 4a of the grate 4 has been determined in advance.

Next, the calculation process performed by the partial volume calculation unit 16 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG.
As shown in (b), three adjacent points (I, J,
When K) is selected, using the coordinates of these three points, as shown in FIG. 7, the volume V of the triangular prism T, which is a partial volume surrounded by these three points (I, J, K), is obtained. , Calculated by the following equation (4).

That is, the height at each point (I, J, K) is h ₁ , h ₂ , h ₃ , and the distance between each two points (the length of each side with respect to each vertex) is i, j , K, the following (4)
The equation holds. The heights h (h ₁ , h ₂ , h ₃ ) can be easily obtained by substituting the coordinates of each point (I, J, K) into a plane equation representing the surface 4 a of the grate 4. You can ask.

[0018]

V = S (h ₃ −2h ₂ + k (h ₁ −h ₂ )) / 3 (4) In the expression (4), S represents the bottom area of the triangular prism T. V is the sum of the divided volumes V ₁ , V ₂ , and V ₃ of the divided columnar body obtained by dividing the triangular columnar body T into three as shown by the broken line in FIG.

The partial volume V obtained by the above equation (4)
Is calculated over the entire mesh portion on the grate 4, and the distribution state of dust on the grate 4 can be known from these partial volumes V.

Therefore, by photographing the refuse G on the grate 4 with the two camera devices 6 in a state where the refuse G is charged and burned on the grate 4 in the incinerator 2, as described above, Next, after each photographed image is input to the edge extracting unit 11 and the edge portion is extracted, the vertex at the rising portion of the dust G is extracted by the vertex extracting unit 12, After the same vertex on the captured image is detected, the vertex position calculator 14 calculates the vertex position on the grate 4.

Then, based on the obtained vertices,
After the mesh partitioning section 15 partitions the mesh into triangular mesh sections, the partial volume calculation section 16 calculates a partial volume V in each mesh section.

Based on the partial volume V thus obtained, the state of the distribution of dust G on the grate 4 is obtained.
Therefore, control is performed such that the supply amount of the combustion air supplied to the portion where the amount of waste is small is reduced, and the amount of the combustion air supplied to the portion where the amount of waste is large is increased.

The partial accumulation calculated by the partial volume calculation section 16 is input to the total volume calculation section 17 and is summed over the entire surface of the grate 4 so that it is stored in the incinerator 2. It is possible to know exactly the amount of waste being thrown, and thus to adjust the amount of waste that is subsequently thrown in. As a result, it is possible to efficiently burn the refuse in the incinerator and to maintain a good combustion state.

As described above, dust on the grate is photographed by the two camera devices, vertices at the swelling portion of the dust are detected from these photographed images, and three adjacent vertices of each of the vertices are detected. By selecting the vertices, the entire garbage is partitioned by a triangular mesh part, and the partial volume of the garbage in these partition parts is calculated by calculation. Unlike the method of detecting the pressure in the placed wind box and detecting the state of the rough waste accumulation, the state of the distribution of the waste on the grate and the waste The total amount can be measured accurately. Therefore,
Since uneven combustion in the incinerator is suppressed, partial exposure of the grate can be prevented, and a reduction in the life of the grate can be prevented.

In the above embodiment, a plurality of processing units such as an extracting unit, a judging unit, a partitioning unit, and a calculating unit are provided. However, these units are provided according to their functions. A processing unit combining a plurality of functions may be provided. In short, it is only necessary that there is a processing unit having the function of each unit described above.

By the way, in the above embodiment, 2
Using a single camera device, the distribution of garbage on the grate was measured, but depending on the structure of the incinerator,
For example, by arranging three or more units, it is possible to measure the state of distribution of dust on the grate.

[0027]

As described above, according to the refuse measuring apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of camera devices photograph refuse on a grate and detect a vertex at a bulge of refuse from these photographed images. Of these vertices, three adjacent vertices are selected, and the entire garbage is partitioned by a triangular mesh portion, and the partial volume of the garbage in these partition portions is obtained by calculation. As before,
Accurately measures the distribution of garbage on the grate, unlike the method that detects the pressure in the wind box located below the grate and detects the rough state of garbage accumulation It is also possible to accurately measure the total amount of waste put in the incinerator. Therefore, since uneven combustion is suppressed, partial exposure of the grate can be prevented, and the life of the grate can be prevented from being shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic configuration of an incinerator provided with a waste measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the garbage measuring device.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a processing state of a captured image in the garbage measuring device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a process in a vertex determination unit in the garbage measuring device.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating processing in a vertex position calculation unit in the garbage measuring device.

6A and 6B are views for explaining processing in the vertex position calculation unit, wherein FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of dust on the grate, and FIG. 6B is a plan view of dust on the grate.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a process in a partial volume calculation unit in the refuse measurement device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 garbage measuring device 2 stoker type incinerator 4 grate 6 camera device 7 arithmetic processing device 11 edge extraction unit 12 vertex extraction unit 13 vertex determination unit 14 vertex position calculation unit 15 mesh partition unit 16 partial volume calculation unit 17 full volume calculation unit

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2F065 AA04 AA11 AA52 AA59 BB05 CC39 FF01 FF04 FF09 JJ03 JJ05 JJ26 LL22 QQ31 QQ32 QQ38 RR02 RR07 SS13 UU05 3K062 AA01 AB01 AC01 BA02 CA08 CB05 DA05 DA38

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of camera devices arranged in an incinerator for photographing dust on a grate over a predetermined range, and an image photographed by the camera device is input and subjected to image processing. Then, a vertex extraction unit that extracts the vertices of the bulge of the dust, a vertex position calculation unit that calculates the positions of the extracted vertices on the grate, and a vertex position calculation unit that calculates the positions of the vertices. A mesh partitioning section that selects three adjacent points to partition the entire refuse on the grate into a triangular mesh section, and a partial volume calculation section that calculates a partial volume in each of these mesh sections. A garbage measuring device characterized by the following. 2. The refuse measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a total volume calculating unit for summing the partial volumes calculated by the partial volume calculating unit over the entire surface of the grate.