JP2002115543A - Exhaust manifold - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust manifold capable of obtaining strength sufficiently supporting a supercharger while thermal stress can be absorbed. SOLUTION: This exhaust manifold 70 has a first component unit 71 mounted in two cylinders, a second component unit 72 mounted in one cylinder, and a buffer member 73 connecting the fellow theses component units 71, 72, and mounts a first supercharger 51 in the first component unit 71. By constituting except the first component unit 71 supporting the first supercharger 51 by the second component unit 72 mounted in one cylinder, thermal stress generated in each component unit 71, 72 can be made small, and by mounting the first component unit 71 supporting the first supercharger 51 in the two cylinders, supporting strength can be sufficiently ensured. In addition, by flexibly connecting the fellow each component unit 71, 72 by the buffer member 73, the thermal stress of each component unit 71, 72 can be surely absorbed by the buffer member 73.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust manifold, and more particularly, to an exhaust manifold that connects an engine body and a supercharger and guides exhaust gas discharged from the engine body to the supercharger.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, an engine of a vehicle,
2. Description of the Related Art It is known to provide an exhaust turbine type supercharger that uses an exhaust gas to increase the pressure of intake air to a high pressure and feed it to a cylinder chamber (combustion chamber). This exhaust turbine type supercharger includes a turbine, a compressor, and a shaft member that connects the turbine and the compressor. The compressor is rotated through the shaft member by rotating the turbine by the exhaust gas. The compressor compresses intake air. In an engine equipped with an exhaust turbine type supercharger, the compressor side of one turbocharger is usually connected to a plurality of cylinders (cylinders) via an air supply manifold, and the turbine side is connected to the plurality of cylinders via an exhaust manifold. And the turbocharger is supported by an exhaust manifold.

The exhaust manifold supporting the turbocharger has a large thermal deformation and a high thermal stress because a high-temperature exhaust gas flows through the inside thereof. For this reason, a split-type exhaust manifold may be employed to avoid deformation due to thermal stress. An integrated exhaust manifold integrally integrates a plurality of inlets connected to the plurality of cylinders, one outlet connected to the supercharger, and a communication portion communicating the plurality of inlets and one outlet. In contrast, the split-type exhaust manifold has a communication portion of two cylinders or three cylinders.
It is divided into multiple cylinders or more, and the divided communication portions are flexibly connected to each other, and the connection portion absorbs thermal stress. In other words, the split-type exhaust manifold includes a plurality of components connected to the plurality of cylinders, and the communicating portions of these components are flexibly connected to each other. Absorbing.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned divided exhaust manifold divided into a plurality of cylinders of three or more cylinders, the thermal stress cannot be sufficiently reduced, so that a large deformation may occur in the structure. Further, in a split-type exhaust manifold divided for every two cylinders, the thermal stress can be reduced. However, when used in a large engine, for example, thermal expansion, vibration, and the like become large, so that excessive stress is easily generated. To solve these problems,
The communication part is divided for each cylinder, and one component is attached to one cylinder to reduce the thermal stress generated per component and to connect these components flexibly. It is possible to do. However, the split exhaust manifold divided for each cylinder as described above includes a plurality of components connected to one cylinder, and these components are flexibly connected to each other. Or, as in the case of a split-type exhaust manifold divided for every two or three or more cylinders, if one tries to support a supercharger on its upper part, one turbocharger is supported by one small component. Must. For this reason, there is a problem that the supporting strength is inferior to that of an integrated exhaust manifold or a divided exhaust manifold for each of a plurality of cylinders. Also,
Since one component is required for one cylinder, there is also a problem that the number of parts increases, especially when the number of cylinders increases with the enlargement of the engine.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust manifold capable of absorbing thermal stress and having sufficient strength to support a supercharger.

[0006]

The exhaust manifold according to the present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object. The invention according to claim 1 is an exhaust manifold that connects a plurality of cylinders formed in an engine body and a supercharger and guides exhaust gas discharged from the engine body to the supercharger, A plurality of inlets respectively connected to a predetermined plurality of cylinders of the plurality of cylinders, one outlet connected to the supercharger, and a communicating portion communicating the plurality of inlets and the one outlet. A second component having a first component having an opening, one inlet connected to one of the plurality of cylinders, and a communicating part communicating the inlet with a communicating part of the first component. And a cushioning member that flexibly connects the communicating portions of the components.

According to the present invention, the first supporter for supporting the supercharger is provided.
Since the components other than the components are constituted by the second component attached to one cylinder, the exhaust manifold is constituted only by components divided into two cylinders or three or more cylinders as in the related art. The thermal stress generated in the structure can be smaller than in the case. In addition, since the first component to which the supercharger is attached is attached to a plurality of cylinders, sufficient support strength for supporting the supercharger can be obtained. Further, since the communication portions of the respective components are flexibly connected to each other with the buffer member, the thermal stress can be reliably absorbed by the buffer member when the high-temperature exhaust gas flows in the exhaust manifold. Then, by combining the first component connected to a plurality of predetermined cylinders and the second component connected to one cylinder to form the exhaust manifold of the present invention, the number of cylinders of the engine changes. However, for example, the exhaust manifold of the present invention can be applied to various engines by increasing or decreasing the second structure. A first component connected to a predetermined plurality of cylinders;
Since the configuration is made by combining the second component connected to one cylinder, the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the case where the exhaust manifold is configured only by the component attached to one cylinder (cylinder).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the exhaust manifold according to the first aspect, the first structure has two or three of the inlets. According to the present invention, two or three first components are provided.
Connected to three cylinders, it is possible to obtain sufficient strength to support the turbocharger, and to minimize the number of connected cylinders to make the first component small. Thermal stress generated in the body can be reduced.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the exhaust manifold according to the first or second aspect, the buffer member includes a bellows. According to the present invention, since the cushioning member that connects the communicating portions of the respective components includes the bellows that can be expanded and contracted by itself, even if the components are thermally deformed, the deformation is performed in the three-dimensional direction. And the thermal stress can be reliably reduced. Also, after connecting the exhaust manifold of the present invention to the engine body, for example, when removing only one component, if the bellows is contracted and the cushioning member is removed from between the components,
Only one component can be removed from the engine body, and the work of attaching and detaching the exhaust manifold to and from the engine body can be facilitated.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [1. FIG. 1 shows an engine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This engine 1
Includes an engine body 2 and a supply / exhaust system 3 that supplies and exhausts air to and from the engine body 2. The supply / exhaust system 3 includes a first supercharger 51 arranged in series.
And a second supercharger 52, and two-stage supercharging can be performed by the first and second superchargers 51 and 52.
The engine body 2 includes cylinders 111 in both banks 111C.
B is provided on the engine block 11 (so-called V-type engine block), and the cylinder 1
The cylinder head 12 includes a cylinder head 12 forming a top wall of the cylinder head 11B, and a head cover 13 provided on the cylinder head 12.

The engine block 11 is formed to be long in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and although not shown, for example, nine cylinders 111B are arranged in one bank 111C along the longitudinal direction, and a total of the two cylinders 111C is provided. 18
One cylinder 111B is arranged. Cylinder 11
1B, a piston 11 connected to a crankshaft (not shown) via a connecting rod 111D.
1E is provided, and the piston 111E moves up and down in the cylinder 111B with the rotation of the crankshaft. An oil pan 20 is attached to a lower portion of the engine block 11. An air supply manifold 60 and an exhaust manifold 70 constituting the air supply / exhaust system 3 are connected to the cylinder head 12, respectively. The air supply manifold 60 is connected to a compressor side of the first supercharger 51 via an air supply pipe 61, The exhaust manifold 70 is the first
It is connected to the turbine inlet 511A of the supercharger 51.
A bracket 31 is erected between the left and right banks 111C of the engine block 11, and a frame bracket 33 is installed on the bracket 31. The frame bracket 33 is provided with a second supercharger of the supply / exhaust system 3. 52 are attached.

[2. Supply / Exhaust System] The supply / exhaust system 3 is configured substantially symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the engine block 11.
An air supply system 3A disposed on both outer sides of C and an exhaust system 3B disposed on the inside of each bank 111C of the engine block 11 with the bracket 31 interposed therebetween. In the air supply system 3A, supply gas (air) introduced from an air cleaner (not shown) is guided to an inlet 523A on the compressor (blower) side of the second supercharger 52, and is supplied to the compressor side of the second supercharger 52. The outlet 523B is connected to the compressor-side inlet 5 of the first turbocharger 51 by a pipe (not shown).
13A, the compressor-side outlet 513B of the first supercharger 51 is connected to the inlet 60A of the air supply manifold 60 via the air supply pipe 61. A plurality of outlets 60B of the air supply manifold 60 are connected to cylinders 111B via cylinder heads 12, respectively, and supply gas is supplied into the cylinders 111B via air supply valves (not shown) provided on the cylinder head 12. It is being supplied. In addition, an aftercooler 62 is provided between the air supply manifold 60 and the air supply pipe 61, so that the air supply gas can be cooled to increase the air density before being supplied into the cylinder 111B. The efficiency can be improved.

In the exhaust system 3B, exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder 111B of the engine block 11 through an exhaust valve (not shown) of the cylinder head 12 is guided to an exhaust manifold 70. This exhaust manifold 70
The inlet 70A branched corresponding to the number of cylinders 111B (nine in the present embodiment) of one bank 111C is connected to the cylinder head 12, and the outlet 70B is connected to the turbine side of the first supercharger 51. It is connected to the inlet 511A. A turbine inlet (not shown) of the second supercharger 52 is connected to an outlet of the first supercharger 51 on the turbine side, and an outlet 52 of the second supercharger 52 on the turbine side.
1B is connected to an exhaust muffler (not shown) at the end.

[3. First Supercharger] The structure of the first supercharger 51 will be described with reference to FIG. The second supercharger 5
2 has substantially the same structure as the first supercharger 51,
The description is omitted. The first turbocharger 51 includes a turbine housing 511 connected to the exhaust manifold 70, a center housing 512 attached to the turbine housing 511, and a compressor housing 513 (blower housing 513) attached to the center housing 512. It has. Center housing 51
2, a shaft member 515 is rotatably provided via a bearing 514, and both ends of the shaft member 515 reach the inside of the turbine housing 511 and the inside of the compressor housing 513, respectively. A turbine blade 516 is provided at an end of the shaft member 515 on the turbine housing 511 side.
Is provided, and a compressor blade 517 is provided at an end on the compressor housing 513 side.

In such a configuration, exhaust gas that has entered from an inlet (not shown) of the turbine housing 511 is turned from the outlet 511B by turning the turbine blade 516. The exhaust gas causes the turbine blade 516 to rotate, causing the shaft member 515 and the compressor blade 51 to rotate.
When 7 is rotated, the supply gas entering from the inlet 513A of the compressor housing 513 is compressed by the compressor blade 517 and discharged from the outlet 513B.

[4. Exhaust manifold] In FIG.
The exhaust manifold 70 is a split-type exhaust manifold, and includes first components 71, 1 supporting the first superchargers 51.
Structure 7 corresponding to one cylinder 111B (cylinder)
2, and a buffer member 73 for connecting these components 71 and 72 flexibly. Note that FIG.
Is an exhaust manifold 70 arranged on the right side in FIG. 1, but the exhaust manifold 70 arranged on the left side in FIG.
Since it includes the component 71, the second component 72, and the buffer member 73 and is only symmetrically arranged with the exhaust manifold 70 of FIG. 3, the description thereof is omitted.

The first component 71 is formed in a tubular shape, and has two inlets 70A connected to the cylinders 111B and an inlet 511A on the turbine side of the first supercharger 51, respectively.
Outlets 70B, which are connected to
And a communication portion 711 that communicates with the outlet 70B. FIGS. 4 (A) to 4 (A) show the first structure 71.
As shown schematically in (C), there are three types of shapes. That is, the first structural body 71A of FIG.
The connection port 711A, which is arranged on the middle left end side and is connected to the second component 72 adjacent to the right side in the figure,
11 are formed. First component 7 in FIG. 4 (B)
1B is disposed on the right end side in FIG. 3 and is a connection port 711 connected to the second component 72 adjacent to the left side in FIG.
A is formed in the communication portion 711. The first component 71C in FIG. 4C is disposed substantially at the center in FIG. 3, and connection ports 711A connected to the second component 72 adjacent to the left and right sides thereof are provided on both sides of the communication portion 711. They are formed one by one.

The second component 72 is formed in a tubular shape, and has one inlet 70A connected to the cylinder 111B.
And a communication portion 721 for directly or indirectly connecting the inlet 70A to the communication portion 711 of the first component 71. As shown in FIG. On both sides, connection ports 721A are formed to be connected to the first component 71 or the second component 72 adjacent to the left and right.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cushioning member 73 is provided with connection ports 711A, 711 of adjacent components 71, 72 which are adjacent to each other.
Two short cylindrical members 731 respectively connected to 21A
And a bellows 732 that connects the short cylindrical members 731 to each other in the axial direction. These short cylindrical member 731 and bellows 732 are formed of, for example, stainless steel. The short cylindrical member 731 is formed such that its inner peripheral surface is formed smoothly and its end is fitted to the outer periphery of the connection ports 711A and 721A of the structural bodies 71 and 72 and is attached by the V coupling 734. A portion 731A is formed. Specifically, the structure 7
Annular ridges 711B and 721B are respectively formed along the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the connection ports 711A and 721A of the first and second 72, and the mounting portion 731A of the short cylindrical member 731 is formed on the ridges 711B and 721B. Mated. Also, V
As shown in FIG. 6, the coupling 734 includes a substantially C-shaped retaining ring 734A, a plurality of arc-shaped pressing members 734B provided on an inner periphery of the retaining ring 734A, and a retaining ring 734.
It has a fastener 734C that connects the ends of 34A and reduces the diameter of the retaining ring 734A. this house,
The pressing member 734B has a substantially V-shaped cross section along the radial direction. In such a configuration, the fastener 7
By tightening 34C, the retaining ring 734A is reduced in diameter, and the V-shaped slope of the pressing member 734B presses the mounting portion 731A of the short cylindrical member 731 against the protruding ridge 711B of the components 71, 72. 71 and 72 and the short cylindrical member 731 are connected. The end of the short cylindrical member 731 is inserted into one side of the bellows 732,
The end of the bellows 732 is pressed against the outer periphery of the short cylindrical member 731 and is welded over the entire periphery,
The bellows 732 and the short cylindrical member 731 are connected, and the other end of the bellows 732 is similarly connected by welding by inserting the short cylindrical member 731. Here, when connecting the two short cylindrical members 731, a distance d along the axial direction between the short cylindrical members 731 is provided in a state where the bellows 732 is not expanded and contracted. This distance d is set to a size that allows thermal deformation of the components 71 and 72 connected to the short cylindrical member 731.

The exhaust manifold 70 includes a first component 71, a second component 72, and a buffer member 73.
Are combined. 3, the exhaust manifold 70 includes a first component 71A, a second component 72, a first component 71C, a second component 72, a second component 72, in that order from the left end in the drawing. The first component 71 </ b> B is connected via the buffer member 73. Exhaust manifold 70 thus configured
Has nine inlets 70A and three outlets 70B. The nine inlets 70A are connected to the cylinder 111B via the cylinder head 12, respectively, and the three outlets 7
A turbine inlet 511A of the first supercharger 51 is connected to 0B. In such a configuration, when the exhaust gas enters from the inlet 70A of the exhaust manifold 70, the exhaust gas flows into the communicating portions 711, 721 of the respective structural bodies 71, 72.
Through to the exit. Here, when each of the components 71 and 72 is thermally deformed due to the temperature of the exhaust gas, each component 7
The deformation of the bellows 732 is allowed by the expansion and contraction of the bellows 732, and the components 71, 72 do not interfere with each other because the distance d is provided between them. When the exhaust gas flows between the components 71 and 72, that is, when the exhaust gas flows in the bellows 732 and the short cylindrical member 731, the short cylindrical member 731 is arranged inside the bellows 732, so that the exhaust gas is exhausted. The gas smoothly flows along the smooth inner periphery of the short cylindrical member 731.

According to the above-described embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Except for the first component 71 supporting the first supercharger 51,
The second attached to one cylinder 111B (cylinder)
Since the exhaust manifold is constituted by the constituent members 72, the exhaust manifolds are generated in the constituent members 71 and 72 as compared with the conventional case where the exhaust manifold is constituted only by the constituent members divided into two cylinders or three or more cylinders. Thermal stress can be reduced. Further, the first component 71 (71) to which the first supercharger 51 is attached.
A, 71B, 71C) are attached to the two cylinders 111B, so that sufficient support strength for supporting the first supercharger 51 can be secured. Further, each of the constituent bodies 71, 72
The communication portions 711 and 721 are flexibly connected to each other by the buffer member 73, so that when the high-temperature exhaust gas flows in the exhaust manifold 70, the thermal stress is reliably reduced.
3 can be absorbed.

(2) The first component 71 is connected to two cylinders 11
1B, it is possible to obtain sufficient strength to support the first supercharger 51 and to connect the cylinder 1 to be connected.
Since the first component 71 is configured to be small by minimizing the number of 11B, the thermal stress generated in the first component 71 can be reduced.

(3) The communicating part 711 of each of the constituent bodies 71 and 72
Since the buffer member 73 connecting the 721 with each other is configured to include the bellows 732 that can expand and contract itself, when the components 71 and 72 are thermally deformed, the deformation can be allowed in three-dimensional directions, and the thermal stress can be reduced. Can be reliably reduced. After the exhaust manifold 70 is connected to the engine main body 2, for example, when only one of the components 71, 72 is removed, the bellows 732 is contracted to remove the cushioning member 73 from between the components 71, 72. Engine body 2 only for 71 and 72
The exhaust manifold 70 can be easily attached to and detached from the engine body 2.

(4) Since the buffer member 73 includes the short cylindrical member 731 whose inner peripheral surface is formed smoothly, the exhaust manifold 70 is made up of only the bellows 732 whose inner peripheral surface is formed unevenly. The flow of the exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold 70 can be made smoother and the pressure loss can be made smaller than when the components 71 and 72 are connected to each other.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and modifications and improvements as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved are included in the present invention. For example,
In the above-described embodiment, the cushioning member 73 including the bellows 732 has been described. However, the cushioning member according to the present invention is not limited to this, and may be the cushioning member 74 as shown in FIG. Good. In FIG. 7, the cushioning member 74 is
It is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of annular grooves 741 are formed in the outer periphery of both ends along the circumferential direction, and a piston ring-shaped ring 742 is fitted into the grooves 741. Communication portions 711, 7 between the buffer member 74 and the components 71, 72
21 is fitted and connected in an inro system, and the ends of the cushioning member 74 are connected to the connection ports 711A and 711A of the components 71 and 72.
The ring 742 is fitted into the member 721A and
2 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface. Thereby, the structure 71,
The buffer member 74 is slidable in the axial direction with respect to the component 72, so that when the components 71, 72 are thermally deformed, they can be slid and allowed.

In the embodiment, the V-coupling member 7 (short cylindrical member 731) and the components 71 and 72 are connected to each other.
34, the short cylindrical member and the component may be provided with a flange at the ends adjacent to each other, and the flanges may be connected to each other by bolts. Alternatively, the short cylindrical member and the component may be connected by welding. The connection may be performed. In short, any connection method may be employed as long as the buffer member and the component can be connected. However, if the connection method using the V-coupling 734 of the above embodiment is adopted, the attachment / detachment of the buffer member and the component can be easily performed.
When replacing only one cushioning member, the operation can be easily performed.

In the above embodiment, one of the banks 111C
Engine body 2 in which nine cylinders 111B are formed
The exhaust manifold 70 is connected to, for example, FIG.
As shown in (1), the exhaust manifold of the present invention can be applied to various types of engine bodies by configuring the exhaust manifold by changing and combining the numbers of the first and second components 71 and 72. More specifically, the exhaust manifold 701 in FIG.
1A, the second component 72, and the first component 71B are connected via a buffer member 73. This exhaust manifold 701 has five inlets 70A and two outlets 70B.
And can be applied to, for example, a 10-cylinder engine having five cylinders in one bank. The exhaust manifold 702 of FIG. 8B includes a first component 71A, a second component 72, a second component 72, and a first component 71A in order from the left side in the figure.
The constituent body 71B is connected via the buffer member 73.
This exhaust manifold 702 has six inlets 70A and two outlets 70B, and can be applied to, for example, a 12-cylinder engine having six cylinders in one bank. The exhaust manifold 703 in FIG. 8C includes a first component 71A, a second component 72, a first component 71C, a second component 72, and a first component 71B in order from the left side in the figure.
Are connected via a buffer member 73. The exhaust manifold 703 has eight inlets 70A and three outlets 70B, and can be applied to, for example, a 16-cylinder engine having eight cylinders in one bank. That is, by changing the combination of the first and second components 71 and 72 as described above, the exhaust manifold of the present invention can be applied to various types of engines, and the effects of the above embodiment can be obtained.
(1) to (4) can be achieved. Further, even if the number of cylinders of the engine is different, the number of parts can be reduced because it can be handled only by changing the combination of the first and second components 71 and 72.

In the above embodiment, the first component 71 is
Although attached to three cylinders 111B, for example, three inlets may be provided and connected to three cylinders 111B. Further, four or more inlets may be provided and connected to four or more cylinders. Good. However, the greater the number of cylinders connected to the first component, the more the first cylinder
Since the component itself becomes large and generates a large thermal stress, the number of cylinders connected to the first component must be minimized (2 Or three) to reduce the thermal stress.

In the above-described embodiment, the V-shaped cylinder 111
Although the exhaust manifold 70 is applied to the engine 1 in which B is arranged, the exhaust manifold 70 may be applied to an engine in which cylinders are arranged in series or horizontally opposed.

[0030]

According to the present invention, the first device for supporting the turbocharger is provided.
Since the components other than the component are composed of the second component attached to one cylinder, the thermal stress generated in the component can be reduced. In addition, since the first component to which the supercharger is attached is attached to a plurality of cylinders, sufficient support strength for supporting the supercharger can be obtained. Further, since the communication portions of the respective components are flexibly connected to each other by the buffer member, the thermal stress of the component can be absorbed by the buffer member. Then, by combining the first component connected to a plurality of predetermined cylinders and the second component connected to one cylinder to form the exhaust manifold of the present invention, the number of cylinders of the engine changes. However, the exhaust manifold of the present invention can be applied to various engines, for example, by increasing or decreasing the second structure.
There is an effect that the number of parts can be reduced as compared with the case where the exhaust manifold is constituted only by a structure attached to one cylinder (cylinder).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a first supercharger in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an exhaust manifold in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a first structure and a second structure in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cushioning member in the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a V coupling in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a modification of the cushioning member used in the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a modification of the combination of the first and second components used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Engine main body 51 First supercharger as a supercharger 70 Exhaust manifold 70A Inlet 70B Outlet 71 First component 72 Second component 73 Buffer member 111B Cylinder 711 Communication part (first component) 721 Communication part (first component) 732 Bellows

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F02B 39/16 F02B 37/00 301H 301A

Claims (3)

[Claims] An exhaust manifold for connecting a plurality of cylinders formed in an engine body and a supercharger to guide exhaust gas discharged from the engine body to the supercharger, wherein the plurality of cylinders are provided. A plurality of inlets respectively connected to a predetermined plurality of cylinders, a single outlet connected to the supercharger, and a communication portion communicating the plurality of inlets with the single outlet. A second component having: a component; one inlet connected to one of the plurality of cylinders; and a communicating part communicating the inlet with a communicating part of the first component. An exhaust manifold comprising: a cushioning member that flexibly connects communication parts of a body. 2. The exhaust manifold according to claim 1, wherein the first structural body includes two or three of the inlets. 3. The exhaust manifold according to claim 1, wherein the buffer member includes a bellows.