JP2001359264A - Static field coil-type synchronous machine serving both as magnet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a static field coil-type synchronous machine which serves both as a magnet that enables the reduction of axial length and the enhancement of high-speed rotating capability and produces high output. SOLUTION: A rotor core 1210 is installed rotatably inside a stator core 1120 in the radial direction, and static yokes 1230 and 1274 and a field coil 1230 are installed so that the static yokes and the filed coil are secured on an end wall of a housing 1911 between the rotor core 1210 and the shaft 1240. A magnetically short-circuiting member (soft magnetic pin) 1281 is inserted into the rotor core 1210 in the axial direction. Magnetic projected portions are formed on the inner circumferential face of the rotor core 1210, with the projected portions at the axially front part and the projected portions at the axially rear part of the rotor core 1210 being displaced from each other by one field pole pitch in the circumferential direction. As a result, short-circuiting flux of a magnet 1280 can be controlled by the current field of the field coil 1230.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronous machine with a stationary field coil type magnet which is suitable as a rotating machine for an automobile having a wide range of rotation speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A permanent magnet type synchronous machine has a high output and is easy to be compact in comparison with other types of synchronous machines, and is suitable for a hybrid vehicle or an electric automatic vehicle traveling motor. In order to ensure a sufficient low-speed torque and to prevent an excessive armature winding induced voltage from being applied to a semiconductor drive element of a drive circuit during high-speed rotation,
It is necessary to provide a means for reducing the magnet magnetic field during high-speed rotation.

JP-A-10-304 filed by the present applicant
No. 633 discloses that a magnetic short-circuit member for magnetically short-circuiting these permanent magnets is inserted in a permanent magnet type rotor core in the axial direction, a stationary yoke is provided inside the rotor core, and a field coil is wound around the stationary yoke. By adjusting the amount of short-circuit magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic short-circuit member by energizing the field coil, the amount of effective field magnetic flux that effectively links with the armature winding can be controlled to adjust the voltage generated by the armature winding. We propose a synchronous machine with a static field coil type magnet.

[0004]

However, in the synchronous machine with a stationary field coil magnet disclosed in the above publication, a rotating yoke is fixed to the tip of a soft magnetic pin projecting outward from one end face of a rotor core in the axial direction. By bringing the inner peripheral surface of the rotating yoke and the outer peripheral surface of the stationary yoke close to each other, the magnetic flux (current magnetic flux) generated by the field coil current flows through the soft magnetic pin in the axial direction. There is a disadvantage that the axial length of the rotor is increased by the amount of the rotating yoke as compared with the rotor core facing the inner peripheral surface, thereby increasing the physical size.

[0005] In addition, the problem that the rotational inertia mass is increased and the centrifugal force acting on the rotating yoke is supported, which results in poor high-speed rotation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a synchronous machine with a high-output static field coil magnet capable of shortening the shaft length and improving high-speed rotation. I have.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a synchronous machine with a static field coil type magnet, comprising: a housing; a stator core on which an armature winding is wound and fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the housing; A cylindrical rotor core made of laminated or spirally wound electromagnetic steel plates and rotatably supported by the housing with a predetermined gap on the inner peripheral surface of the stator core, and an outer periphery of the rotor core fixed to the rotor core A plurality of permanent magnets that form field poles at circumferentially alternating and predetermined magnetic pole pitches on a surface, and a magnetic short-circuit member that is axially inserted through the rotor core and magnetically shorts a magnet magnetic field formed by the permanent magnets A field coil disposed radially inside the rotor core to flow magnetic flux in the axial direction through the rotor core to the magnetic short-circuit member; And a stationary yoke that forms a short-circuit magnetic circuit that allows the magnetic flux formed by the field coil to flow through together with the rotor core and the magnetic short-circuit member together with the field coil at the end wall of the housing. The inner peripheral portion has a magnetic convex portion magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the stationary yoke with low magnetic resistance, and a magnetic concave portion magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the stationary yoke with high magnetic resistance in the circumferential direction. The magnetic core has a magnetic concavo-convex portion alternately formed for each magnetic pole pitch, and the magnetic protruding portion and the magnetic concave portion are circumferentially opposite at one axial end and the other axial end of an inner peripheral portion of the rotor core. It is characterized by being arranged at a position.

According to the present invention, since the magnetic yoke is provided on the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core facing the outer peripheral surface of the stationary yoke on which the field coil is wound with a gap therebetween, the stationary yoke type is provided. In the synchronous machine with magnets, it is not necessary to additionally install the rotor in the axial direction outside of the rotating yoke rotor core as described in the above-mentioned publication, so that the axial length of the rotor can be shortened by that much, and high power and small size can be realized. In addition, since the rotational inertia mass can be reduced and the centrifugal force applied to the rotor core or the magnetic short-circuit member can be reduced, high-speed rotation can be achieved, and the output can be improved and the size and weight can be reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine with a static field coil type magnet according to the first aspect, the rotor core is further provided in the axial direction to penetrate the magnet for accommodating the permanent magnet. The permanent magnet has a magnetic pole face formed at both circumferential end faces, and two end faces of two permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to the same polarity to form the permanent magnet.
The outer peripheral surface of the rotor core between the two permanent magnets is magnetized to a field pole having the same polarity, and the magnetic concave portion is located radially inside one of the two polar field poles formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core. And a concave portion provided radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core, wherein the magnetic convex portion is located on the other radial inner side of the two polarity field poles formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core. In addition, the rotor core is characterized by comprising a convex portion projecting radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core.

According to this structure, the magnetic unevenness according to claim 1 can be formed with a simple structure.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine with a static field coil type magnet according to the first aspect, the rotor core is further provided in an axial direction to accommodate the permanent magnet. The permanent magnet has a magnetic pole face formed at both circumferential end faces, and two end faces of two permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to the same polarity to form the permanent magnet.
The outer peripheral surface of the rotor core between the two permanent magnets is magnetized to a field pole having the same polarity, and the magnetic concave portion is located radially inside one of the two polar field poles formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core. And an elongated hole located in the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core and penetrating in the axial direction.
The rotor core is formed of a solid portion which is located inside the other radius of the field pole of two polarities formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and located on the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core and does not have the elongated hole. And

According to this structure, the magnetic unevenness according to claim 1 can be formed with a simple structure.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine with a stationary field coil type magnet according to the first aspect, both ends of the rotor core in the circumferential direction reach the outer peripheral portions of the rotor core, and a center portion in the circumferential direction has a center portion. The permanent magnet has an arc-shaped radial cross section located radially inward of the circumferential end members, and has magnet accommodation through holes formed by half the number of field poles of the rotor core. The permanent magnet in each of the magnet containing through holes is magnetized in a substantially depth direction of the containing through hole, and has a magnetic pole surface of the same polarity at a substantially rotationally symmetric position,
The circumferential center portion of the magnet containing through hole reaches the vicinity of the inner circumferential surface of the rotor core to form the magnetic recess.

According to this structure, the magnetic unevenness according to claim 1 can be formed with a simple structure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine with a static field coil type magnet according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core is radially outside the through hole for accommodating the magnet. And the outer peripheral concave portion recessed radially inward and the electromagnetic steel sheet forming the rotor core is welded at the outer peripheral concave portion.

According to this configuration, it is possible to improve the mechanical strength by integrating the laminated electromagnetic steel sheets of the rotor core without post-processing the weld overlay, and to lessen the loss of the magnetic properties of the rotor core.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the synchronous machine with a static field coil magnet according to any one of the second to fifth aspects, the through hole for accommodating the magnet or the magnet is formed substantially in a radial direction. It is characterized by having a slit communicating the short-circuit member accommodation hole and the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core.

According to this configuration, the magnetic short-circuit member and the magnet can be easily inserted into the magnetic short-circuit member receiving hole and the magnet receiving through-hole.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to examples.

[0020]

Embodiment 1 A synchronous machine with a stationary field coil type magnet according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. (Description of Overall Structure) The rotating machine 1000 includes a stator 110
0, and a rotor 1200, and the stator 1100 includes:
Front frame 1910 and end frame 191
1 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface.

The rotor 1200 has bearings 1920, 19
The outer peripheral surface faces the inner peripheral surface of the stator 1100 via an air gap. Reference numeral 1930 denotes a resolver rotor for measuring the rotational position of the rotor 1200, and reference numeral 1931 denotes a resolver stator.

The stator 1100 has a three-phase coil 111 on a stator core 1120 formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets in the axial direction.
0, the stator core 1120 includes a slot 1121 for inserting the three-phase coil 1110, and the teeth 11
22 and a core back 1123.

The rotor 1200 has a rotor core 1210 made of an electromagnetic steel plate and a rotor yoke 1270 made of a soft magnetic iron core.

As shown in FIG. 2 (a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. 1), the rotor core 1210 is formed by laminating a large number of ring-shaped electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction. (It may be wound and laminated in the axial direction.) The rotor core 1210 includes a rectangular magnet insertion hole (magnet accommodation through hole) 1211 penetrating in the axial direction at an equal pitch (magnetic pole pitch) in the circumferential direction, and two magnet insertion holes 1211 adjacent in the circumferential direction. It has a round hole (through hole for accommodating a short-circuit member) 1212 penetrating in the axial direction between them.

On the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core 1210, a magnetic convex portion 1250 through which a magnetic flux from a field yoke 1232 described later easily passes and a magnetic concave portion 1251 through which a magnetic flux hard to pass are alternately formed at every magnetic pole pitch. Magnetic irregularities are formed.

A magnet 1280 is inserted into the magnet insertion hole 1211.
A soft magnetic pin (magnetic short circuit member) 1281 made of a soft magnetic material is press-fitted (or fitted) in the axial direction in the round hole 1212.

The magnetic projection 1250 is provided between two magnet insertion holes 1211 on both sides in the circumferential direction, adjacent to the inner peripheral side of every other circular hole 1212 in the circumferential direction. Is provided between two magnet insertion holes 1211 on both sides in the circumferential direction, adjacent to the inner peripheral side of the round hole 1212. Magnetic protrusion 1250 and magnetic recess 125
As shown in FIG. 1, 1 is formed by reversing the positions of the first half in the axial direction and the second half in the axial direction of the rotor core 1210.

The magnet 1280 inserted in each magnet insertion hole 1211 in the axial direction is magnetized in its thickness direction, that is, substantially in the circumferential direction, and two magnets 1280 adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized.
In the above, the end faces facing each other are magnetic pole faces having the same polarity.

The soft magnetic pin 1281 has a round hole 12 at its base end.
12 has a flange with a diameter larger than that of the soft magnetic pin 128 after press-fitting.
1 is pressed and spread to pinch each electromagnetic steel plate of the rotor core 1210 in the axial direction. Also, every other soft magnetic pin 1281 connects the rotor core 1210 to the rotor yoke 127.
It is fixed to 0.

The rotor core 1210 has a recess formed radially inward as shown in FIG. 8 between the outer peripheral surface and the outer end of the magnet insertion hole 1211. It is formed in the axial direction along the insertion hole 1211. The recess is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210 and the stator core 1.
A large gap is secured between the magnet 120 and the inner peripheral surface of the armature 120, thereby preventing the magnetic flux of the magnet 1280 from leaking without being sufficiently linked with the armature winding 1110. Further, the recessed portion narrows the circumferential magnetic path of the rotor core 1210 between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210 and the radially outer end of the magnet insertion hole 1211 to reduce the leakage magnetic flux of the magnet 1280. Further, the recessed portion is laser-welded in the axial direction from the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor core 1210, thereby integrating the respective electromagnetic steel plates constituting the rotor core 1210 and deteriorating the magnetic characteristics of the recessed portion. Thus, the leakage magnetic flux flowing in the circumferential direction at this portion is reduced.

The rotor yoke 1270 is formed by forging a soft magnetic iron core as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The rotor yoke 1270 is
A flange member comprising a radially extending disk portion 1271 and a boss 1272 extending rearward from the inner peripheral end of the disk portion 1271, wherein the disk portion 1271 is
A half of the number of ribs 1273 of the magnet insertion hole 1211 radially outwardly protruding from the outer peripheral edge of the magnet 71 is provided. The rib 1273 has a round hole 1278 formed with the same diameter at the same position as the round hole 1212 (see FIG. 2) at the rear half of the rotor yoke 1270 in the axial direction. The soft magnetic pin (magnetic pin) 1281 penetrating through the round hole 1212 of the rotor yoke 1270 is press-fitted into the round hole 1278 of the rib 1273, whereby the rotor core 1210 is
270. 1240 is a spline 124
The shaft 1 is press-fitted into the boss 1272 so as not to rotate relatively.

Reference numeral 1274 denotes a flange-shaped field core (stationary yoke) made of a soft magnetic material, and its disk portion is fixed to an end wall of the end frame 1911 by screws 1940. The inner peripheral surface of the boss portion of the field core 1274 is relatively rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 1272 of the rotor yoke 1270 with a small gap therebetween.
It protrudes in the axial direction into the space existing inside the diameter of 10.
A field winding 1230 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion of the field core 1274. On both sides of the field winding 1230 in the axial direction, a field magnetic flux is guided to the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210. A field yoke 1232 made of laminated electromagnetic steel sheets is fitted by press fitting.

The reference numeral 1350 designates the field winding 12 from the outside.
This is a lead unit for supplying power to 30.

Three-phase coil 1110 of rotating electric machine 1000
Are supplied from a battery 300 through a direct-to-alternating power converter (inverter) 200. Field coil 1230
Is supplied from the field current control circuit 400 through the lead wire 1350 to the resolver stator 1.
931 outputs the signal to the signal processing circuit 500,
0, the field current control circuit 400 and the signal processing circuit 500 are controlled by the control circuit 600. (Description of Magnetic Circuit) Next, the magnet magnetic field formed by the magnet 1280 and the current magnetic field formed by the current of the field coil 1230 will be described below. What is particularly important is that, as described above, the magnetic protrusion 1250 in the first half in the axial direction of the rotor core 1210 and the magnetic protrusion 1250 in the second half in the axial direction are shifted by one magnetic pole pitch in the circumferential direction. .

Magnet 1 magnetized in thickness direction (substantially circumferential direction)
280 are alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210 in the circumferential direction.
A magnetic pole and an N magnetic pole are formed. The magnetic flux from the S magnetic pole is
The armature winding 1110 is linked in the stator core 1120 through an air gap between the armature winding 1110 and the stator core 1120,
The effective magnetic flux returns to the rotor core 1210 through the air gap.

The magnetic flux from the S magnetic pole of the magnet 1280 is applied to the soft magnetic pin 1281 of the S magnetic pole portion of the rotor core 1210, the rib portion 1273 of the rotor yoke 1270,
The magnet 1280 passes through the disk portion 1271, the boss portion 1272, the boss portion of the field core 1274, the field yoke 1232, the magnetic convex portion 1250 at the rear half in the axial direction of the rotor core 1210, and the N magnetic pole side soft magnetic material pin 1281. Return to the N pole, thereby forming a short circuit magnetic circuit.

The magnet magnetic flux emitted from the S magnetic pole of the magnet 1280 is supplied to the soft magnetic pin 1281 of the S magnetic pole portion of the rotor core 1210, the magnetic convex portion 1250 in the first half of the rotor core 1210 in the axial direction, and the field yoke 1232 (axial). Direction front),
It returns to the N magnetic pole of the magnet 1280 through the boss portion of the field core 1274, the field yoke 1232 (the rear portion in the axial direction), the magnetic convex portion 1250 in the rear half portion of the rotor core 1210 in the axial direction, and the soft magnetic pin 1281 on the N magnetic pole side. Thus, a short-circuit magnetic circuit substantially parallel to the short-circuit magnetic circuit is formed.

Of course, the armature winding 11 of the stator 1100
The effective magnetic flux linked to 10 is reduced by the amount of the magnetic flux flowing through the short-circuit magnetic circuit.

The two short-circuit magnetic circuits are composed of a field coil 123
Since the magnetic flux is linked to zero, the amount of magnetic flux from the magnet magnetic field to the short-circuit magnetic circuit can be controlled by the current flowing through the field coil 1230.

FIG. 4 shows an equivalent magnetic circuit of the rotating electric machine.

The magnetic resistance of the stator 1100 is Rs, the magnetic resistance of the air gap is Rg, and the magnetic resistance of the magnet is Rm.
And Rm is a magnetic resistance on the rotor side of the magnetic circuit through which the effective magnetic flux flows. When the magnetic resistance (short-circuit magnetic resistance) excluding Rm among the magnetic resistances of the short-circuit magnetic circuit is Rr, the magnetomotive force of the magnet is Fm, and the magnetomotive force of the field winding is Fc,
The effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 flowing on the stator 1100 side can be expressed by the following equation.

Φ1 = (RmFc + RrFm) / (RrR
m + Rm (Rg + Rs) + (Rg + Rs) Rr) Φ2 is a short-circuit magnetic flux amount. The effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 can be set arbitrarily by setting each parameter. For example, the field winding 12
Effective flux amount Φ when no current flows through Fc = 0 (Fc = 0)
10 is: Φ10 = RrFm / (RrRm + Rm (Rg + Rs) +
(Rg + Rs) Rr) When the short-circuit magnetic resistance Rr is small, Φ10 is almost 0.
Becomes The short-circuited magnetic resistance Rr is expressed by a soft magnetic material pin 1281,
The magnetic flux is determined by the magnetic resistance of the rib 1223, the cylindrical iron core 1231, and the joint of each member. Therefore, by setting the cross-sectional area and length of each part, the effective magnetic flux when no current flows through the field winding 1230 The quantity Φ10 can be set. Here, the BH characteristic of the magnetic material constituting the magnetic path through which the effective magnetic flux flows is set to a linear region (range of 0 to Φ 'shown in FIG. 5), and the effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 is set to the magnetic material constituting the magnetic path. Not reach the magnetic saturation region.

When current is supplied to the field winding 1230, a magnetic flux amount Φ1c corresponding to the field winding magnetomotive force Fc is formed.

Φ1c = RmFc / (RrRm + Rm (R
g + Rs) + (Rs + Rs) Rr) As a result, the effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 becomes Φ1 = Φ10 + Φ1c, and the effective magnetic flux amount can be adjusted by the field winding current. The magnetic flux amount Φ1c can be considered to reduce the magnetic flux amount leaking to the short-circuit magnetic circuit.

(Effects of the Embodiment) The synchronous machine with a magnet described above is particularly suitable as a running motor for a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.

This kind of running motor is used in a wide range of rotation speed according to the wheel rotation speed. In a low rotation range where the field weakening control is not required, the current flowing through the field winding 1230 is increased to increase the effective magnetic flux amount Φ1. Since the motor generated torque is proportional to the effective magnetic flux amount Φ1 and the torque current, the armature current flowing through the armature winding 1110 can be reduced by increasing the effective magnetic flux amount Φ1.

Since the reaction induced voltage exceeds the applied voltage,
In a high rotation range where the field weakening control is required for driving the motor, the current flowing through the field winding 1230 is reduced to zero or reduced, the magnet flux is shunted to the short-circuit magnetic path, and the field weakening current flowing through the armature winding is reduced. Can be reduced or set to zero. Accordingly, the maximum armature current can be reduced, so that the heat generation of the winding portion is suppressed, the rotating machine can be downsized, and the semiconductor switching element of the power converter 200 can be downsized.

Since the copper loss of the field coil 1230 is slightly smaller than the copper loss of the armature winding 1110, the field weakening caused by the field current described in this embodiment is smaller than that caused by the conventional armature current. This leads to an increase in efficiency.

In this embodiment, the field winding magnetomotive force F
Since the effective magnetic flux amount Φ10 when c = 0 is set in the linear region of the BH characteristic of the magnetic material constituting the effective magnetic path,
When it is necessary to drive the motor in a high rotation range where the reaction induced voltage due to the effective magnetic flux amount Φ10 is equal to or higher than the applied voltage, it is possible to minimize the armature current necessary for the field weakening from the armature winding 1110. it can.

Referring to FIG. 5, when the effective magnetic flux is reduced from Φ0 to Φ ′ by the armature current, the required AT is ATa when the BH curve is linear, and the required AT is ATb when the BH curve is nonlinear. Then, ATa <ATb, so that the armature current can be reduced in proportion to the difference.

Further, an efficiency map on the TN (torque-rotational speed) characteristic when the conventional permanent magnet rotary electric machine is operated as a motor and a field weakening current is applied to the armature winding for control is shown. FIG. 6 shows an efficiency map on TN characteristics when the rotating electric machine of this embodiment is driven by the above control method.
Shown in As can be seen from the comparison between the two figures, the maximum efficiency range on the efficiency map is expanded.

When the rotating electric machine of this embodiment is operated as a generator, it is necessary to set Φ10 to the level of a normal load for a vehicle and to energize the field winding only when a higher output is required. In addition, the copper loss of the field winding can be reduced, and high-efficiency power generation is possible.

In addition, conventionally, there are salient pole type synchronous machines and claw ball type synchronous machines as synchronous rotary machines which can control the field from the rotor, and both of them use a field winding only to generate an effective magnetic flux. As compared with the rotating electric machine of this embodiment, which can compensate for the necessary minimum of the effective magnetic flux (elimination of short-circuit magnetic flux) by the field winding, the current flowing through the field winding is large. There are problems that the size of the magnetic coil is increased and that the field coil has a large resistance loss. Since the field coil of the rotor winding is inferior to the armature winding in cooling performance, the use of this embodiment can reduce the loss and heat generation of the field coil.

Further, in this embodiment, the rotor core 121
Since the magnetic protrusions 1250 are provided alternately at the magnetic pole pitch in the axial first half (or one axial end) and the axial second half (or the other axial end) of the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 0, the rotor core The soft magnetic pin 1281 inserted through the 1210 protrudes toward the opposite rib 1273 in the axial direction, and there is no need to flow magnetic flux from this portion to the stationary yoke with the magnetic material. And the centrifugal resistance performance can be improved.

[0055]

Embodiment 2 Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the magnetic concave and convex portions provided on the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core 1210 are formed by elongated holes 1252 penetrating in the axial direction at a predetermined circumferential pitch near the inner peripheral surface. Hole 1252 is adjacent to magnet 1
Every other 280 is provided. Naturally, a portion having the elongated hole 1252 in the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core 1210 is a magnetic concave portion, and the other portions are magnetic convex portions.

The thin portion 1253 between the long hole 1252 and the inner peripheral surface becomes a leakage magnetic flux path between the adjacent magnets 1280, but is magnetically saturated, so that the amount of leakage magnetic flux can be ignored.

[0058]

Embodiment 3 Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the magnetic uneven portion provided on the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core 1210 has the same shape as that of the second embodiment.
255. However, both ends in the circumferential direction of the elongated hole 1255 in this embodiment are inclined so as to be separated from each other in the circumferential direction toward the radially outer side while the rotor core 121 is inclining.
0, and the magnet 1254 is housed at both ends in the circumferential direction of the elongated hole 1255. That is, both ends in the circumferential direction of the elongated hole 1255 are through holes for accommodating the magnet.

As described above, when the magnetic pole surface of the magnet 1254 is inclined, the direction of the magnet magnetic flux can be concentrated toward the magnetic pole center, so that the field pole on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210 can be strengthened. Also, the magnet 1254 is
5 can be magnetized after being mounted in the inclined hole, thereby improving the productivity.

(Modification) FIG. 10 shows a modification in which the long hole 1255 shown in FIG. 9 is deformed into an arc-shaped radial cross section as shown in FIG. Even in this case, the long hole 1257 can achieve the same effect as the long hole 1255 in FIG.

Further, in this embodiment, the magnet 1256 is provided to fill the inside of the elongated hole 1257. That is, the third embodiment
The number of magnets can be halved as compared with the two magnets 1254, and the field poles can be strengthened by the amount by which the magnet volume can be increased.

Also in this case, similarly to the third embodiment, the magnets 1256 in the rotor core 1210 can be magnetized by providing the magnetic pole surfaces of the external magnetizing device on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the rotor core 1210, thereby improving productivity. improves.

In particular, in the example of FIG.
The central portion of 6 can function as a magnetic recess because the magnetic pole surface facing radially outward of the magnet 1256 is shielded from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 1210, which is convenient.

The magnetic flux coming out of the outer peripheral surface of the field yoke is generated by the rotor core 121 due to the shape of the slot 1257.
0 by using a wider portion of the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 121.
Since it can enter the inner peripheral surface of 0, the magnetic resistance of the short-circuit magnetic circuit can be reduced.

[0066]

Embodiment 4 Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the magnetic short-circuit member accommodating hole having a round cross section shown in FIG. 8 is changed to a square cross section having a rounded corner, and the soft magnetic pin 12 having a square cross section with a rounded corner.
14 is accommodated in the magnetic short-circuit member receiving hole having the rectangular cross section, the radial cross-sectional area of the magnetic short-circuit member is increased and its magnetic resistance is reduced, so that the amount of short-circuit magnetic flux can be further increased. it can.

Further, a magnetic shielding hole 1259 corresponding to the long hole 1253 in FIG. 8 is communicated with a magnetic short-circuit member accommodating hole on the radial outside thereof through a communication hole 1261.

Further, the magnetic blocking hole 1259 and the through hole for accommodating the magnet are communicated through slits 1291 and 1290.

As a result, the mounting of the magnet and the soft magnetic pin 1214 is facilitated, and the effect of relaxing the stress of the magnetic steel sheet at the time of mounting the magnet and the soft magnetic pin 1214 also occurs.

The hook portions 1 on both sides of the communication hole 1261
Since the 262 is provided in contact with the square soft magnetic pin 1214, it is possible to prevent the soft magnetic pin 1214 from shifting in the radial direction. Further, in this embodiment, the rotor core 1
210 is a magnet 128 on the outer peripheral surface on the radial outside of the magnet 1280.
It has a concave portion 1260 formed in the axial direction along 0. In this concave portion 1260, the laminated electromagnetic steel sheet forming the rotor core 1210 is welded and reinforced by laser welding or the like. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the mechanical strength of the rotor core 1210 while suppressing the influence on the magnetic properties of other parts of the rotor core 1210.

In each of the embodiments described above, the magnet insertion holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, so that the magnets can be disposed so as to penetrate the entire rotor core 1210 in the axial direction. You don't have to.

In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and its modification, the magnets may be provided separately in the first half in the axial direction and the second half in the axial direction of the rotor core 1210.

In each of the above embodiments, the rotor core 12
Although 10 was formed using an electromagnetic steel plate having the same thickness, the thickness may vary. Further, among the respective electromagnetic steel sheets, the hole shape of some of the electromagnetic steel sheets may be different from the hole shape of the other electromagnetic steel sheets.

As described above, according to the present invention, by providing a field winding capable of controlling the effective magnetic flux in the embedded magnet type rotor, the efficiency is maximized in the entire rotational speed range of the rotating machine. Control becomes possible. Further, since the magnetic pole is made of an annular magnetic steel sheet, the magnetic pole is strong against centrifugal force and iron loss generated on the magnetic pole surface can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a synchronous machine with a magnet according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the rotor of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent magnetic circuit diagram of the synchronous machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a BH characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a magnetic flux density and a magnetic field of a magnetic material used in the synchronous machine of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between torque and rotation speed of a conventional permanent magnet type synchronous machine.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a torque and a rotation speed of the synchronous machine with a magnet of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a radial cross-sectional view illustrating a rotor core according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a radial cross-sectional view illustrating a rotor core according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a radial cross-sectional view illustrating a rotor core according to a modification of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a radial cross-sectional view illustrating a rotor core according to a fourth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1000 Rotating electric machine 1100 Stator 1120 Stator core 1200 Rotor 1230 Field winding 1211 Magnet insertion hole (magnet accommodation through hole) 1212 Round hole (short circuit member accommodation through hole) 1270 Rotor yoke 1280 Magnet (permanent magnet) 1281 Soft magnetic material pin ( Magnetic short-circuit member) 1910 Front frame (housing) 1911 End frame (housing) 1110 Armature winding 1232 Field yoke (stationary yoke) 1274 Field core (stationary yoke)

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5H619 AA00 AA01 BB01 BB17 BB22 PP02 PP12 PP35 5H621 AA03 BB07 BB10 GA01 HH01 HH09 HH10

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A housing, an armature winding wound thereon and a stator core fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the housing, and a laminated or spirally wound electromagnetic steel plate, which is formed on a predetermined inner peripheral surface of the stator core. A cylindrical rotor core rotatably supported by the housing with a gap therebetween; and a plurality of permanent magnets fixed to the rotor core and forming field poles on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core with alternating circumferential polarity and a predetermined magnetic pole pitch. A magnet, a magnetic short-circuit member axially inserted through the rotor core and magnetically short-circuiting a magnet magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet; a magnetic short-circuit member disposed radially inside the rotor core and axially connected to the magnetic short-circuit member through the rotor core. A field coil for flowing magnetic flux in a direction, and fixed to an end wall portion of the housing together with the field coil inside the rotor core. A stationary yoke that constitutes a short-circuit magnetic circuit that allows the magnetic flux formed by the field coil to flow through together with the rotor core and the magnetic short-circuit member, wherein the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core has a low magnetic resistance on the outer peripheral surface of the stationary yoke. A magnetic projection that is magnetically coupled, and a magnetic depression and projection that is magnetically coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the stationary yoke with a high magnetic resistance at every circumferential magnetic pole pitch. A stationary field coil magnet, wherein the magnetic projections and the magnetic recesses are arranged at circumferentially opposite positions at one axial end and the other axial end of an inner peripheral portion of the rotor core. Combination synchronous machine. 2. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor core has a through-hole for accommodating a magnet, which is provided in an axial direction to accommodate the permanent magnet, and wherein the permanent magnet is provided. Are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction. Opposing end faces of two permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to have the same polarity so that the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core between the two permanent magnets has the same polarity. Magnetizing the field poles, the magnetic recess is located radially inward of one of the two polarities of the field poles formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core, and is recessed radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core. The magnetic projection is located radially inside the other of the two polarities of the field poles formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and protrudes radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core. Characterized by having convex portions Stationary field coil type magnet combination synchronous machine. 3. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor core has a through-hole for magnet accommodation which is provided in the axial direction and accommodates the permanent magnet, and wherein the permanent magnet is provided. Are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction. Opposing end faces of two permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are magnetized to have the same polarity so that the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core between the two permanent magnets has the same polarity. Magnetizing the field poles, the magnetic concave portion is located radially inside one of the two polarities of the field poles formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and is located on the inner peripheral portion of the rotor core in the axial direction. The magnetic projection is located on the inner periphery of the rotor core at a position radially inside the other of the two polarity field poles formed on the outer periphery of the rotor core. Consisting of a solid part without the slot Stationary field coil type magnet combination synchronous machine, wherein the door. 4. The synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the rotor core in the circumferential direction reach the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core, and a center portion in the circumferential direction is larger than the both end members in the circumferential direction. A permanent magnet has an arc-shaped radial cross section positioned radially inward, and has a magnet housing through-hole formed by half the number of field poles of the rotor core, and the permanent magnet is substantially deeper than the magnet housing through-hole. The permanent magnet in each of the magnet containing through holes has a magnetic pole surface of the same polarity at a substantially rotationally symmetric position, and the circumferential central portion of the magnet containing through hole is A synchronous machine combined with a stationary field coil magnet, wherein the synchronous machine reaches the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core to form the magnetic recess. 5. The synchronous machine with a stationary field coil magnet according to claim 2, wherein an outer peripheral surface of said rotor core is located radially outward of said through hole for accommodating said magnet and is concave radially inward. A synchronous machine with a stationary field coil magnet, wherein the synchronous steel plate has an outer peripheral recess provided therein, and the electromagnetic steel sheet constituting the rotor core is welded at the outer peripheral recess. 6. The synchronous machine with a stationary field coil magnet according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the rotor core is formed substantially in the radial direction and is formed in the through hole for accommodating the magnet or the accommodating hole for the magnetic short circuit member. A synchronous machine with a stationary field coil type magnet, characterized by having a slit communicating the inner peripheral surface.