JP2001339327A - Information transfer device, information transfer method, information carrying device, and information carrying method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide an information transfer device and an information transfer method, and an information storage device and an information storage method that enable communication parameters to be variable to improve power use efficiency and enable stable information communication. SOLUTION: An information carrying device detecting means 7 of an information transmitting / receiving device IRT detects the presence of an information carrying device based on an antenna terminal voltage 8a monitored by a terminal voltage monitoring unit R8. The transmission power is reduced, and the transmission power is increased at the time of information communication after detection. If there is no response from the information carrier device, the transmission power of the information transfer device IRT is increased, and / or the modulation factor control means 5 increases the modulation factor of the command. If there is a response but normal communication cannot be performed, the response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4 sends a response modulation degree change command to the information carrier.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-contact type information transmitting / receiving device and an information transmitting / receiving method, and a non-contact type information carrying device and an information carrying method. The present invention relates to an information exchange apparatus and an information exchange method, an information carrier apparatus capable of securing electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and exchanging information, and a method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is an information carrying device as a non-contact type device capable of reading, writing, and storing data from a remote position. This is a non-contact type data carrier device (hereinafter, RFI)
D = Radio Frequency Identif
ication). Conventionally, RFI
A non-contact type IC card of a wallet (wallet) size and a wireless IC card have been realized or developed as D. For example, development and experimental trial of a non-contact type commuter pass, such as toll settlement means of transportation, have progressed. Is in the stage of being.

[0003] On the other hand, a non-contact type information tag (IC tag) is a non-contact type information carrier that has recently attracted attention. In particular, a non-contact type information tag (information tag) represented by a telefile (product name), which expands the amount and type of information to be transferred and stored, has a non-contact power receiving function, a signal transmitting and receiving function, and a data storage function. This is a configuration in which a thin semiconductor chip provided is attached to a pedestal together with an antenna, and the pedestal can be easily attached to a product or product. By utilizing this function, a product label or a product tag having a non-contact memory function without a built-in battery can be provided. Such a non-contact type information carrier device is placed in non-contact with an information transfer device for writing / reading information, and generates electric power by induced electromotive force generated in response to an electromagnetic field formed by the information transfer device. And transmitting and receiving signals via an electromagnetic field to record received data in a built-in nonvolatile memory or to transmit data reproduced from the nonvolatile memory to an information transfer device. is there. In the present invention, the device having this configuration is hereinafter referred to as an information carrying device.

As an example of such an information carrying device, for example, an ASK (Amplitude Sh) corresponding to data is used.
if Keying (amplitude shift keying) receives the modulated electromagnetic wave, rectifies the electromagnetic wave to use as a power supply, controls the state of the load on the power supply, transmits data, and controls the power supply according to the data. An apparatus is disclosed in which an ASK-modulated electromagnetic wave is transmitted by changing a load, and data reception is performed by detecting a change in antenna terminal voltage when the electromagnetic wave is received.

[0005]

In a conventional information transfer apparatus and information carrying apparatus, the transmission power of an electromagnetic field and the modulation degree of a command applied to the information carrying apparatus from the information transfer apparatus which is the information reading side, and the information carrying apparatus. Communication parameters such as the degree of modulation of a response transmitted from the device to the information exchange device are fixed. The information transmitting and receiving device continuously or intermittently radiates a strong electromagnetic wave from the antenna when a predetermined high transmission power is applied, and the communication range is determined based on detection of a change in antenna voltage or the like that occurs when the information carrying device is inductively coupled. The information transfer is executed after confirming whether or not the information carrying device is present in the device. That is, the information exchange device first executes a process of checking whether the information carrying device is within the communication range when waiting, and then executes an information exchange process with the information carrying device after this checking process.

[0006] As described above, the conventional information exchanging apparatus always performs the inspection process of the presence of the information carrying device at the time of standby, similarly to the information exchanging process after the inspection process.
Since a strong electromagnetic field is formed by inputting high transmission power, there is a problem that power consumption is large and power use efficiency is very low.

[0007] Further, according to the conventional information exchanging device and information carrying device, the power of the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the information exchanging device is fixed. Therefore, communication range (communication field)
When there are a plurality of information carrying devices in the system and these are inductively coupled in parallel to the antenna circuit of the information transmitting and receiving device, the information carrying device near the information transmitting and receiving device absorbs most of the power, and as a result, In some cases, the power of the information carrier distant from the transmitter / receiver is insufficient, so that communication with the information carrier distant may not be performed normally. In addition, there has been a problem in that communication is not performed normally due to insufficient power received by the information carrier device due to absorption of power by the electromagnetic wave absorber existing within the communication range.

Further, according to the conventional information transmitting and receiving apparatus and the information carrying apparatus, even when the power supply to the information carrying apparatus is normally performed, the modulation degree of the command subjected to the ASK modulation or the like is constant. For this reason, the S / N ratio may be deteriorated due to the insufficient reception level of the ASK-modulated command or the influence of noise, and the command may not be normally received. In particular, when the communication environment changes while the information carrying device is moving in the communication field, or when communicating with the information carrying device located near the boundary of the communicable range, there is a problem that this problem is remarkably observed. .

Further, in the conventional configuration, since the degree of modulation of the response transmitted from the information carrying device to the information transmitting / receiving device is constant, the information transmitting / receiving device side suffers from insufficient reception level and S / N deterioration due to the influence of noise. There was a problem that the response was not received properly. In particular, when the communication environment changes while the information carrying device is moving in the communication field, or when communicating with the information carrying device located near the boundary of the communicable range, as described above, this problem becomes remarkable. there were.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the power utilization efficiency is improved by controlling the intensity of an electromagnetic field formed by changing communication parameters or controlling the degree of modulation. It is another object of the present invention to provide an information exchange device and an information exchange method, and an information carrying device and an information carrying method that enable stable information exchange.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transmitting / receiving apparatus which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and receives information via the electromagnetic field. A non-contact type information carrying device capable of carrying the information, and applying the electromagnetic field from an antenna provided to supply power to the information carrying device and the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field. An information transmitting / receiving device for communicating information with a device, wherein antenna terminal voltage monitoring means for monitoring a terminal voltage of the antenna while applying the electromagnetic field, and the information based on a change in terminal voltage of the antenna. Information carrying device detecting means for detecting the presence of the carrying device, and communicating means for communicating information via the electromagnetic field after the information carrying device is detected by the information carrying device detecting means. Transmission power control means for applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device by supplying transmission power to the antenna at the time of detecting the presence of the information carrying device and at the time of information communication, and wherein the transmission power controlling means comprises: The transmission power to be supplied until the information carrying device is detected is configured to be smaller than the transmission power supplied in information communication after the detection of the information carrying device.

When the information carrier is present within the communication range of the information transmitter / receiver, electromagnetic induction coupling is established, and the terminal voltage of the antenna of the information transmitter / receiver is lower than in the state where no information carrier is present. Therefore, the information carrying device detecting means detects the presence / absence of the information carrying device based on the change in the antenna terminal voltage output from the antenna terminal voltage monitoring means. The transmission power control means reduces transmission power for detecting the information carrying device during standby. Thus, power consumption in the standby state is reduced. When the presence of the information carrying device is detected, the process proceeds to a communication process, and the transmission power is increased.
As a result, a strong electromagnetic field is formed, electric power necessary for driving and communication operation of the information carrying device is supplied, and stable and highly reliable communication between the information transmitting and receiving device and the information carrying device is performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a non-contact information carrying device capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information. On the other hand, an information transmitting / receiving device that applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna provided to supply power to the information carrying device and communicates information with the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field. Antenna terminal voltage monitoring means for monitoring the terminal voltage of the antenna in a state where, and transmission power control means for applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device by supplying transmission power to the antenna, The transmission power control means controls the transmission power so that the terminal voltage of the antenna becomes a value within a preset range based on the monitoring result of the antenna terminal voltage monitoring means. Characterized in that the Gosuru configuration.

A plurality of information carrying devices exist within the reach of the electromagnetic field formed by the antenna of the information transmitting / receiving device, or an electromagnetic wave absorber exists within the same range and is electromagnetically inductively coupled to the antenna of the information transmitting / receiving device. In this case, the antenna terminal voltage of the information exchange device is lower than that in the case where a single information carrier exists within the reach of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic induction coupling is performed.
Therefore, when the antenna terminal voltage falls below the standard voltage range in a state where the electromagnetic field is formed by the transmission power at the time of information communication, the transmission power is increased by the transmission power control means. As a result, the power required for its operation is supplied to the information carrying device of interest, and information communication between the information transmitting and receiving device and the information carrying device is ensured.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a non-contact information carrying device capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information. On the other hand, an information transmitting and receiving device that applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna provided to supply power to the information carrying device and communicates information with the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and transmits transmission power to the antenna. A transmission power control unit that applies the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device by supplying the information carrying device; and a communication abnormality detecting unit that detects that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally. The transmission power control means is configured to increase the transmission power supplied to the antenna based on a detection output of the communication abnormality detection means.

[0016] Even if an electromagnetic field is applied from the information exchanging device with standard transmission power at the time of information communication, if the information communication is not normally performed due to the influence of noise or the like, if this is detected by the communication abnormality detecting means, The transmission power is increased by the transmission power control means. As a result, information communication is normally performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a non-contact information carrying device capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information. On the other hand, sending a command to the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field while applying the electromagnetic field from the antenna provided and supplying power to the information carrying device,
An information exchange device for performing information communication with the information carrying device according to the command, wherein a communication abnormality detecting unit that detects that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally, and a communication abnormality detecting unit. Modulation degree control means for increasing the modulation degree of the command to be supplied based on the detection output is provided.

Even if an electromagnetic field is applied from the information transmitting / receiving device at a standard transmission power at the time of information communication, if the information communication is not performed normally due to the influence of noise or the like, if the communication abnormality detection means detects this, The modulation degree of the command is increased by the modulation degree control means. As a result, information communication is normally performed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a non-contact information carrying device capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information. On the other hand, sending a command to the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field while supplying the electromagnetic field from the antenna provided and supplying power to the information carrying device,
An information exchange device for performing information communication with the information carrying device according to the command, wherein a communication abnormality detecting unit that detects that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally, and a communication abnormality detecting unit. Response modulation degree change command transmission control means for transmitting a response modulation degree change command requesting an increase in the modulation degree on the information carrying device side based on the detection output.

A command sent from the information transfer device is normally received by the information transfer device, and a response signal corresponding to the received command is transmitted from the information transfer device. The response signal may not be received normally. When this is detected by the communication abnormality detecting means of the information exchange device, a response modulation degree change command is transmitted from the response modulation degree change command transmission control means of the information exchange device. The information carrier receiving the response modulation degree change command increases the modulation degree of the response signal transmitted from the information carrier to the information transfer device. As a result, the information transfer device can normally receive the response data.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the information carrier device, power is supplied from an antenna provided in response to the electromagnetic field provided by an information transmitting / receiving device capable of providing an electromagnetic field, and the power is supplied via the electromagnetic field. A non-contact information carrier device capable of transmitting response information to the information exchange device in accordance with a command given from the information exchange device, and detecting the repeated supply of the same command made from the information exchange device. Communication abnormality detecting means for recognizing that the transmitted response information has not been normally received on the information transfer apparatus side based on the information, and the modulation degree of the transmitted response information based on the recognition of the communication abnormality detecting means. And a modulation degree control means for increasing the modulation degree.

The information carrying device normally receives the command sent from the information transmitting / receiving device, and transmits a response signal corresponding to the received command. However, the information transmitting / receiving device normally returns the response data due to the influence of noise or the like. May not be received. In such a case, the information exchange device tries to obtain necessary data by repeatedly transmitting the same command. On the information carrier device side, when the communication abnormality detecting means detects that the same command is repeatedly supplied from the information transmitting / receiving device, the modulation degree of the response information to be transmitted is increased by the modulation degree control means based on this. . As a result, the information transfer device can normally receive the response data.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transmitting / receiving method, wherein the information transmitting / receiving apparatus is provided with a non-contact type information carrying apparatus capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and transmitting / receiving information via the electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field is applied to the information carrying device by applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device, and the information carrying device is detected via the electromagnetic field, and then the detected information carrying device communicates with the detected information carrying device via the electromagnetic field. The information transmitting and receiving apparatus side continues to apply the electromagnetic field to the information carrying apparatus by continuously supplying transmission power to the antenna from the detection of the information carrying apparatus to the end of information communication. A power supply step, a voltage monitoring step of monitoring a terminal voltage of the antenna in a state where the electromagnetic field is applied, and a step of monitoring the information based on a change in the terminal voltage of the antenna. An information communication step of communicating information after detection of the information carrying device; and, in the power supply process, detecting transmission power supplied in detecting the information carrying device. The transmission power supplied in the information communication after the detection is reduced, and the transmission power supplied in the information communication after the detection is increased from the transmission power supplied in the detection.

When the information carrier is present within the communication range of the information transmitter / receiver, electromagnetic induction coupling is established, and the terminal voltage of the antenna of the information transmitter / receiver is lower than in the state where no information carrier is present. The presence / absence of the information carrying device is detected based on the change in the voltage.
Here, by reducing the transmission power during standby for detection, power consumption during standby is reduced. When the presence of the information carrier is detected, the process proceeds to the information communication process, and the transmission power is increased. As a result, a strong electromagnetic field is formed, electric power necessary for driving and communication operation of the information carrying device is supplied, and stable and highly reliable communication between the information transmitting and receiving device and the information carrying device is performed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transmitting / receiving apparatus provided with a non-contact type information carrying apparatus capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and transmitting / receiving information via the electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field is applied to the information carrying device by applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device, and the information carrying device is detected via the electromagnetic field, and then the detected information carrying device communicates with the detected information carrying device via the electromagnetic field The information transmitting and receiving apparatus side continues to apply the electromagnetic field to the information carrying apparatus by continuously supplying transmission power to the antenna from the detection of the information carrying apparatus to the end of information communication. A power supply step, a voltage monitoring step of monitoring a terminal voltage of the antenna in a state where the electromagnetic field is applied, and a step of monitoring the information based on a change in the terminal voltage of the antenna. A presence detection step of detecting the presence of a device; and an information communication step of communicating information after detection of the information carrying device, and in the power supply step, a terminal of the antenna based on a monitoring result of the voltage monitoring step. The transmission power is controlled so that the voltage becomes a value within a preset range.

A plurality of information carrying devices exist within the reach of the electromagnetic field formed by the antenna of the information transmitting / receiving device, or an electromagnetic wave absorber exists in the same range and is electromagnetically inductively coupled to the antenna of the information transmitting / receiving device. In this case, the antenna terminal voltage of the information exchange device is lower than that in the case where a single information carrier exists within the reach of the electromagnetic field and the electromagnetic induction coupling is performed.
Therefore, when it is confirmed in the voltage monitoring process that the antenna terminal voltage has fallen below the standard voltage range in a state where an electromagnetic field is formed by the transmission power at the time of information communication, the transmission power is reduced in the power supply process. An increase is made. As a result, the power required for its operation is supplied to the information carrying device of interest, and information communication between the information transmitting and receiving device and the information carrying device is ensured.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transmitting and receiving method, wherein the information transmitting and receiving apparatus is provided with a non-contact type information carrying apparatus which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field. An information transmitting / receiving method for supplying information to the information carrying device by applying the electromagnetic field from the antenna and performing information communication via the electromagnetic field, wherein the information transmitting / receiving device side communicates information with the information carrying device. A power supply step of supplying transmission power to the antenna until the end and applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device, and a communication abnormality detecting step of detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally. And, in the power supply step, increasing the transmission power supplied to the antenna when the abnormal information communication is detected in the communication abnormality detection step. And wherein the door.

Even if an electromagnetic field is applied from the information transmitting / receiving device with standard transmission power at the time of information communication, if the information communication is not performed normally due to the influence of noise or the like, if this is detected in the communication abnormality detection process, During the power supply process, the transmission power is increased. As a result, information communication is normally performed.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for transmitting and receiving information in response to an electromagnetic field, wherein the information transmitting and receiving apparatus comprises a non-contact type information carrying device capable of transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field. Information transmission / reception in which the electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna to supply power to the information carrying device and a command is sent to the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and information is communicated with the information carrying device according to the command. The method, wherein the information exchange device side detects a communication abnormality detection step of detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not normally performed, and the abnormal information communication is detected by the communication abnormality detection process. A modulation degree control step of increasing the modulation degree of the command to be supplied.

Even if an electromagnetic field is applied from the information transmitting / receiving device at a standard transmission power at the time of information communication, if the information communication is not normally performed due to the influence of noise or the like, if this is detected in the communication abnormality detection process, In the modulation degree control process, the modulation degree of the command is increased. As a result, information communication is normally performed.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transmitting and receiving method, wherein the information transmitting and receiving apparatus is provided with a non-contact type information carrying apparatus which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field. Information transmission / reception in which the electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna to supply power to the information carrying device and a command is sent to the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and information is communicated with the information carrying device according to the command. The method, wherein the information exchange device side detects a communication abnormality detection step of detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not normally performed, and the abnormal information communication is detected by the communication abnormality detection process. A response modulation degree change command transmission step of transmitting a response modulation degree change command requesting an increase in the modulation degree on the information carrying device side. For example, the information carrier device side, characterized in that a modulation degree control process, to increase the degree of modulation of the signal to be transmitted on the basis of the information exchange system response modulation change command sent from.

A command sent from the information transfer device is normally received by the information transfer device, and a response signal corresponding to the received command is transmitted from the information transfer device. The response signal may not be received normally. When this is detected in the communication abnormality detecting process of the information exchange device, a response modulation degree change command is transmitted in a response modulation degree change command transmitting step. On the side of the information carrier receiving the response modulation degree change command, the modulation degree of the response signal transmitted to the information transmitting / receiving apparatus is increased in the modulation degree control process. As a result, the information exchange device can normally receive the response data.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the information carrying method, power is supplied from an antenna provided in response to the electromagnetic field provided by an information transfer device capable of providing an electromagnetic field, and the power is supplied via the electromagnetic field. An information carrying method applied to an information carrying device for transmitting response information to the information transmitting / receiving device according to a command given from the information transmitting / receiving device, wherein the same command is repeatedly supplied from the information transmitting / receiving device. A communication abnormality detecting step of recognizing that the transmitted response information was not normally received by the information transmitting / receiving apparatus based on the detection of, and a modulation of the transmitted response information based on the recognition in the communication abnormality detecting step. Modulation degree control process for increasing the degree,
It is characterized by having.

The information carrying device normally receives the command sent from the information transmitting / receiving device, and transmits a response signal corresponding to the received command. However, the information transmitting / receiving device normally returns the response data due to the influence of noise or the like. If the data cannot be received, the same command is repeatedly transmitted to obtain necessary data. Here, when the information carrying device detects that the same command is repeatedly supplied from the information transmitting / receiving device in the communication abnormality detecting process, the modulation factor of the response information transmitted to the information transmitting / receiving device in the modulation factor controlling process is increased. Is made. This allows
The information exchange device can normally receive the response data.

[0035]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiment described below is a part of a preferred example for showing the essential configuration and operation of the present invention, and therefore, various restrictions which are preferable in the technical configuration may be given. The scope of the invention is not limited to these embodiments unless otherwise specified in the following description.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the information transfer apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view of the information transfer device shown in FIG. The information transfer device IRT according to the present embodiment is configured to detect at least one non-contact type information carrying device TF (see FIG. 4) by a non-contact approach operation and to be able to read or write information. . The information transfer device IRT is, for example, of a handy type as shown in FIG. 2, and is moved to a position where the operator can contact the information carrying device TF in a non-contact manner and can receive an electromagnetic field by mutual guidance. Usually, the information transfer device IRT which emits an electromagnetic wave and forms an electromagnetic field is moved to approach an information carrying device TF attached to an article placed at a stationary position. This is executed by performing an operation of “holding” the other over one of them. Thus, the information carrying device TF exchanges information with the information transmitting / receiving device IRT in response to the electromagnetic field. Further, the information exchange and the information processing can be executed only during the period in which the approaching operation is continued.

The information transfer device IRT includes a clock generator R
1, a filter unit R2, a variable modulation factor modulation unit R3, a variable output power amplification unit R4, an antenna device ANT1, a terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 of the antenna device ANT1, and a demodulation unit R
9, an interface unit R10 for a higher-level device, a control unit R11 in which a procedure for controlling the entire operation of the information transfer device IRT is stored, an arithmetic processing unit (microprocessor unit) Cpu, and a work memory unit Wkm. It operates in transmission mode and reception mode. In the transmission mode, an instruction signal and / or recording data is added to the information carrier TF, and in the reception mode, a response signal from the information carrier TF is received.

The clock generation unit R1 is provided with an oscillating circuit and a frequency dividing circuit, and outputs a carrier clock 1a, which is a clock signal of a carrier frequency, to supply it to the filter unit R2, and divides this clock signal. After that, a master clock 1b serving as an operation reference clock of various digital circuit units in the device is generated and supplied to the control unit R11, the arithmetic processing unit Cpu, the work memory unit Wkm, and the like.

The filter section R2 has a circuit configuration including a low-pass filter and the like for shaping the waveform.
By removing the high frequency component a, a sine wave signal of the carrier frequency is output as the carrier signal 2a. This carrier signal 2a is supplied to the variable modulation degree modulator R3.

In the transmission mode, the variable modulation degree modulation section R3 receives the supply of the encoded transmission signal dt from the control section R11, and based on the transmission signal dt, the modulation degree control signal 5a supplied from the control section R11. Is configured to perform, for example, ASK modulation on the carrier 2a at a modulation degree designated based on the modulation factor and output the modulated signal 3a. The modulation signal 3a is supplied to the variable output power amplifier R4. Further, the variable modulation degree modulator R3 does not receive the supply of the coded information to be transmitted in the reception mode, and is thus configured to pass the carrier signal 2a and supply it to the variable output power amplifier R4.

The variable output power amplifying unit R4 power-amplifies the modulated signal 3a at a specified amplification factor based on the transmission power control signal 6a supplied from the control unit R11 in the transmission mode, and transmits the transmission power in the reception mode. The circuit is configured to amplify the power of the transparent modulated signal 3a carrying only the carrier signal 2a at the amplification factor specified based on the control signal 6a.
Power-amplified modulated signal 3a or plain modulated signal 3
a is supplied to the antenna ANT1.

The antenna device ANT1 is composed of a loop antenna for both transmission and reception, and forms an electromagnetic field based on the modulated signal 3a during transmission, and forms an electromagnetic field based on the transparent modulated signal 3a during reception. The antenna device ANT2 on the information carrying device side (FIG. 4)
And inductive coupling via an electromagnetic field. The high-frequency voltage generated in the antenna device ANT1 is transmitted to the terminal voltage monitoring unit R8.
And supplied to the demodulation unit R9.

The terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 monitors a change in voltage generated in the antenna device ANT1 due to mutual induction with the antenna device ANT2 on the information carrying device side, and supplies the monitoring result to the control unit R11 as a voltage signal 8a. The circuit is configured.

The demodulation unit R9 is configured to perform demodulation based on the voltage generated in the antenna device ANT1, and to supply the demodulated signal 9a to the control unit R11. Note that the input impedance of the demodulation unit R9 is equal to the antenna device ANT1.
Is set sufficiently higher than the impedance.

The work memory section Wkm is used as a work (work) area for the control section R11, as a buffer area for various data, and as a temporary storage area for data read from the information carrying device TF. Is also used. The interface unit R10 performs data transmission and reception between the information exchange device IRT and a higher-level device (not shown).

The arithmetic processing unit Cpu operates in a stored program system, and can read and execute each program stored in the control unit R11 constituted by a read-only memory. Temporary data generated during reading and execution of the program by the arithmetic processing unit Cpu is provisionally stored in the working memory unit Wkm.

The control unit R11 includes a read-only memory device (read only memory: read-only memory) for storing a program that can be read and executed by the arithmetic processing unit Cpu.
ROM). Or you may comprise with a non-volatile memory device etc. The control unit R11 includes a control unit 1, a communication abnormality detection unit 2, an encoding / decoding unit 3, a response modulation degree change instruction sending unit 4, a modulation degree control unit 5, a transmission power control unit 6, an information carrying device detection unit. Means 7
Is stored. By executing these means, the transmission state of the command and the reception state of the response to the command are monitored, and the power and the modulation degree transmitted from the antenna device ANT1 are controlled so that the normal communication is performed. Also, by transmitting a question command or the like, the identification information is read from the information carrier TF, and by transmitting a read request command designating a data item, a data address, or the like, the identification information is stored in the information carrier TF. Read various data. Alternatively, by transmitting a write request command specifying a data item, a data address, and the like and data to be written, the data is recorded in the nonvolatile memory in the information carrying device TF.

The control means 1 comprises an arithmetic processing unit Cpu
Controls the operation of each means together with its timing, and also controls the operation of the entire apparatus.

The information carrying device detecting means 7 outputs the voltage signal 8a
It is checked whether or not the antenna terminal voltage is within a preset voltage range in the standby state based on. Here, the voltage range in the standby state is a state in which radio waves are transmitted at the transmission power in the standby state, and is a state in which the information carrying device TF and the electromagnetic wave absorber do not exist within the communication range of the information transfer device IRT. This is the range of the antenna terminal voltage. When the antenna terminal voltage is within a preset voltage range in the standby state based on the voltage signal 8a, the information carrying device detecting means 7 sets the information carrying device T within the communication range of the information transfer device IRT.
It is determined that F does not exist. On the other hand, if the antenna terminal voltage is lower than the preset voltage range in the standby state based on the voltage signal 8a, it is determined that the information carrying device TF exists within the communication range of the information transfer device IRT, and the information carrying device TF is determined. It outputs device detection information (not shown) to the control means 1.

The transmission power control means 6 supplies a transmission power control signal 6a to the variable output power amplification section R4 under the control of the control means 1. In the initial state, a signal designating transmission power at the time of detection standby is supplied to the variable output power amplifier R4 as the transmission power control signal 6a. Thereby, the transmission power energized to the antenna device ANT1 becomes the preset detection standby transmission power. The transmission power control means 6 notifies the information carrying device detection means 7 via the control means 1 that the current transmission power is the detection standby transmission power. In the present embodiment, the detection standby transmission power is set to a value lower than the power in the standard communication state. The terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 outputs a voltage signal 8a corresponding to the high-frequency voltage generated at the terminal of the antenna device ANT1. When the information carrier TF is detected and the process proceeds to information communication, a signal designating transmission power at the time of information communication is supplied to the variable output power amplifier R4 as a transmission power control signal 6a. Thereby, the electromagnetic wave of the electric power in the standard communication state is transmitted from the antenna device ANT1. In the present embodiment, the transmission power during information communication, that is, the transmission power during standard communication, is set higher than the transmission power during detection standby. Transmission power control means 6
Notifies the information carrier detection means 7 via the control means 1 that the current transmission power is the standard transmission power.

When the control means 1 detects the presence of the information carrying device TF and recognizes that the transmission power has reached the standard communication state, the control means 1 converts the prepared query command into the coding / decoding means 3 and the variable modulation degree modulation section. After transmitting to the information carrier TF via R3 and the variable output power amplifying unit R4, a demodulated signal 9a output from the demodulating unit R9 is monitored. Here, when the demodulated signal 9a is obtained and it can be confirmed that the demodulated signal 9a is correct based on the encoding / decoding means 3, the error correction code, etc., the communication between the information transfer device IRT and the information carrying device TF is started. It is determined that the operation has been performed normally, and the information transfer operation including the transmission of the command and the reception of the response is continued as necessary.

The encoding / decoding means 3 attaches an error correction code such as a CRC code to information given from the control means 1 at the time of transmission when standard communication is started, and attaches an error correction code. The encoded data is encoded and supplied to the control means 1. Further, at the time of reception, the demodulation signal provided from the control means 1 is subjected to error correction based on an error correction code such as a CRC code, so that the information carrier TF
Correctly restore the response information given by the side.

The information carrying device detecting means 7 monitors the voltage signal 8a of the antenna terminal when the electromagnetic field is formed with the transmission power in the standard communication state. When the level of the voltage signal 8a falls below the set value, It is determined that some cause (for example, another information carrying device or electromagnetic wave absorber has newly entered the communication range) has occurred, and the control means 1 is notified. The control unit 1 that has received the notification drives the transmission power control unit 6 to increase the transmission power to be urged to the antenna device ANT1. In this way, it is possible to take measures before a communication abnormality occurs due to a decrease in the antenna terminal voltage level. The occurrence of a communication error is detected by a communication error detection unit 2 described later. Further, when the level of the voltage signal 8a rises beyond the set value during communication, the information carrying device detecting means 7 determines that the information carrying device TF is no longer within the communication range, and determines whether the information carrying device is not present. The detection information is reported to the control means 1.

The control means 1 comprises an information carrying device TF
When the information carrying device non-detection information is notified in a state where the information exchange with the information has already been completed, a command to return to the detection standby transmission power is given to the transmission power control means 6. As a result, the transmission power is reduced when the information carrying device TF is no longer within the communication range. On the other hand, if the information carrier device non-detection information is notified during the process of information exchange with the information carrier device TF, the task is completed by temporarily suspending the recovery process or executing an error termination process.

The communication abnormality detecting means 2 monitors whether or not the demodulated signal 9a can be obtained during the response receiving period after transmitting the command. The control means 1 is notified of the abnormality. When the communication abnormality detecting means 2 detects that some demodulated signal 9a is obtained but normal data is not obtained based on an error correction code or the like,
The control means 1 is notified of the data abnormality.

When the response abnormality is notified from the communication abnormality detecting means 2, the control means 1 gives the transmission power control means 6 a transmission power increase request requesting that the transmission power be increased by a predetermined amount. Based on the transmission power increase request, the transmission power control means 6 supplies the variable output power amplifier R4 with a transmission power control signal 6a designating a power larger by a predetermined amount than the power in the standard communication state. As a result, the transmission power from the antenna device ANT1 is increased. The control means 1 repeats the above-described instruction for increasing the transmission power by a predetermined amount according to the situation.

The transmission power control means 6 amplifies the transmission power control signal 6a for designating a power larger than the previously specified transmission power by a predetermined amount each time the transmission power increase request is given from the control means 1. Supply to section R4. As a result, the transmission power can be increased stepwise until a normal response can be obtained.

When the maximum output power that can be output from the variable output power amplifying section R4 is reached or when a preset maximum transmission power is reached, the transmission power control means 6 controls that the transmission power has become maximum. Notify the means 1. Also,
The transmission power control means 6 performs control to return the transmission power to the transmission power at the time of detection standby when returning from the information transfer state to the detection standby state.

Next, the control means 1 sends a modulation degree increase request to the modulation degree control means 5 when a normal response cannot be obtained even when the transmission power is maximized. In the initial state, the modulation degree control means 5 supplies a modulation degree control signal 5a designating a preset standard modulation degree to the variable modulation degree modulation section R3. Here, the modulation degree control means 5
Upon receiving the modulation degree increase request, a modulation degree control signal 5a designating a modulation degree larger by a predetermined amount than the standard modulation degree is supplied to the variable modulation degree modulation unit R3. Thereby, for example, the modulation degree of the modulation signal 3a by the ASK modulation is increased by a predetermined amount. The control means 1 repeats the above-described instruction to increase the modulation factor by a predetermined amount according to the situation.

Each time a modulation degree increase request is given, the modulation degree control means 5 sends a modulation degree control signal 5a designating a modulation degree larger by a predetermined amount than the previously specified modulation degree to the variable modulation degree modulation section R3. Supply to As a result, the modulation factor of the command to be transmitted can be increased stepwise until a normal response can be obtained.

When the modulation degree reaches the preset upper limit value, the modulation degree control means 5 notifies the control means 1 that the modulation degree is the maximum. The modulation degree control means 5
Is returned from the information transfer state to the detection standby state,
Control is performed to return the modulation factor to the standard value.

When the data abnormality is notified from the communication abnormality detecting means 2, the control means 1 triggers the response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4. The driven response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4 outputs the response modulation degree change command here. This response modulation degree change command is transmitted to the information carrier TF. As will be described later, upon receiving the response modulation degree change command, the information carrier TF increases the modulation degree of the response by a predetermined amount. By increasing the modulation degree of the response, the probability that the response demodulation is normally performed increases. The response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4 issues a response modulation degree change command every time it is triggered. This allows
The degree of modulation of the response transmitted from the information carrying device TF can be increased stepwise. Then, when the number of times of issuing the response modulation degree change command reaches the preset upper limit value, the control unit 1 is notified that the modulation degree setting of the response has reached the maximum value.

The control means 1 cannot normally receive a response even after transmitting a command for further maximizing the response modulation in a state where the transmission power is set to the maximum and the modulation of the command is set to the maximum. In this case, it is determined that communication with the information carrying device TF is impossible. The control means 1 includes an interface unit R
A notification that an uncommunicable state has occurred to an external higher-level device may be provided via the device 10. In addition, the information transfer device IRT may display a visual or audible indication that an uncommunicable state has occurred via a display unit (not shown).

After supplying the transmission power control signal 6a specifying the power in the standard communication state to the variable output power amplifier R4, the transmission power control means 6 sets the antenna terminal voltage in advance based on the voltage signal 8a. It monitors whether the voltage is in the voltage range in the standard communication state, and if the antenna terminal voltage is lower than the voltage range in the standard communication state set in advance, the transmission power control signal 6a for increasing the transmission power.
May be generated, and the transmission power may be feedback-controlled so that the antenna terminal voltage falls within a predetermined voltage range in the standard communication state. Further, the transmission power control signal may be directly applied to the variable output power amplification unit R4 without passing through the transmission power control unit 6 from the terminal voltage monitoring unit R8.

FIG. 3 shows the information transfer device IR shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an internal explanatory diagram of an example of an information holding device TF to which information is detected and transmitted and received. Prior to the description of the operation of the information transfer device IRT, the information carrying device T will be described below.
F will be described. Information carrying device TF described in the present invention
Belongs to the “system for transmitting and receiving energy or / and information via an electromagnetic field”, and is capable of reproducing information on an article or /
"Information tag" which is recorded in a rewritable manner, and is capable of exchanging information in a non-contact manner with an information exchanging device which is small, can be attached to or integrally formed with an article, and is also a reader / writer having an information writing / reading function. It is embodied as. The information tag includes a memory unit capable of recording and reproducing information, and an information exchange unit with the information exchange device, analyzes at least instruction information supplied from the information exchange device, and records the information in the memory unit based on the information. -Recorded information can be reproduced from the update or memory part, and furthermore, a response (response) to the information transfer device
It is configured to be able to transmit information.

As shown in FIG. 3, the information carrying device TF
Is realized in a one-chip configuration, and an antenna device ANT2 is formed as a loop antenna on a chip serving as a base,
A semiconductor chip IC and a capacitor C are connected to the antenna device ANT2. The capacitor C adjusts the resonance frequency. When the information carrying device TF is attached to an article, it operates as an information tag. As a specific example of the information carrying device TF, a telefile (product name) is applied. Telefiles are small and thin and can be easily attached to goods. Then, the information transfer device IRT is excited only by approaching it by a “holding” operation, and the information transfer device IRT is excited.
Information is exchanged with the RT. That is, the telefile affixed to the target article is placed at a distant position where electromagnetic waves can be transmitted and received by mutual guidance without contact with the information transfer device IRT, detected and activated by the information transfer device IRT, and receives information. It is configured to record, reproduce, and transmit.

FIG. 4 shows the information carrier TF shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the configuration of FIG. The information carrying device TF operates in response to the electromagnetic field when the relative distance between the information carrying device TF and the information transmitting / receiving device IRT (see FIG. 1) that forms the electromagnetic field is within a limit distance responsive to the electromagnetic field. Sends and receives information without contact with the IRT. The information carrying device TF is an information transfer device I
An antenna device ANT2 that is inductively coupled to an RT antenna device ANT1 using an electromagnetic field as a medium, transmits and receives information in a non-contact manner and receives power supply by mutual induction, and demodulation means connected to the antenna device ANT2. De, a modulation unit Cm, a power supply unit Pw, and a clock extraction unit Ck, and further operates as a control function (control unit C1) of the operation of the entire apparatus including command analysis and recording / reproduction control to a memory. A command analysis / memory control unit Cnt composed of a circuit,
Encoding / decoding means E connected to memory control unit Cnt
rc and the nonvolatile memory device Mem. The non-volatile memory device Mem functions as information carrying means, and under the control of the control means C1, the non-volatile memory device Mem carries the information sent from the information transmitting / receiving device IRT, or reproduces the carried information. The response information is formed by performing encoding by the decoding means Erc.

The antenna device ANT2 is used for both transmission and reception, and is composed of, for example, a loop antenna. The demodulation means De equalizes the induced current generated in the antenna device ANT2,
Further, it is constituted by a circuit for detection and demodulation, and supplies an output signal to a command analysis / memory control unit Cnt. Modulation means C
m denotes a load impedance (not shown) based on a response signal obtained by performing an encoding process on the reproduced signal supplied from the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt.
2 for intermittently controlling the reflected wave, controlling the intermittent load connected directly or indirectly to the power supply unit Pw according to the response signal, or modulating the response information (for example, ASK). modulation)
One of the circuit configurations is to supply the carrier wave of another frequency to the antenna device ANT2.

More specifically, in the configuration in which the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2 is controlled based on the response information, the antenna device ANT continuously receiving the action of the electromagnetic field formed by the information transfer device IRT.
When the reflected wave of the carrier wave is emitted from the antenna 2, the reflectance of the antenna device ANT2 is controlled by switching and controlling the load impedance based on the response information, so that the reflected wave is modulated by the above-described response information. . On the other hand, in a configuration in which the load of the power supply is controlled based on the response information, the load is switched by the load switching control based on the response information, and the load is switched on the power supply unit Pw so that the impedance is changed by changing the impedance of the information carrying device TF. Be composed. The impedance fluctuation on the information carrying device TF side is caused by the information transfer device IRT in the inductive coupling state.
On the side, it is detected as a fluctuation in the terminal voltage of the antenna device ANT1 or a fluctuation in the input power amount.

As described above, information exchange according to the configuration of the present embodiment is generated by mutual induction when the antenna device ANT2 of the information carrying device TF is sensitive to the electromagnetic field formed by the antenna device ANT1 of the information exchange device IRT. Process the induced current to demodulate the information, and then transmit and receive the information
Either the transmission is performed by controlling the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2 based on the information transmitted to the RT (information transmission by a reflected wave of a carrier wave), or the load of the power supply on the information carrying device TF side based on the information transmitted to the information transfer device IRT. (Information transmission by power supply load control), or modulate a carrier wave of another frequency based on the information transmitted to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT and feed it to the antenna device ANT2 for transmission (information carrying device). Information transmission using a transmission wave of another frequency generated by the transmission function of the TF). Further, it can be realized by other principles.

The power supply unit Pw receives the high-frequency induced current generated by mutual induction in response to the electromagnetic field formed by the antenna device ANT1 of the information transmitting / receiving device IRT, and rectifies the power. Power is supplied to each part. Further, a voltage stabilizing circuit for outputting a stable DC voltage can be provided. And each part of an apparatus can operate by this supply electric power.

The clock extracting section Ck has a frequency dividing circuit, outputs a clock signal of a carrier frequency based on the carrier wave received by the antenna device ANT2, divides this clock signal, and sets the operation reference of each section in the device. Generates and outputs a master clock to be a clock.

The command analysis / memory control unit Cnt sends the demodulated signal supplied from the demodulation unit De to the encoding / decoding unit Erc based on the clock supplied from the clock extraction unit Ck, and outputs the error-corrected signal. A semiconductor logic control circuit having a sequence control function for extracting various kinds of instruction information, separating and extracting information for recording, analyzing the instruction information, and sequentially executing predetermined processing in a predetermined procedure. Is configured as The technique of a semiconductor sequence controller that determines conditions in accordance with such a predetermined procedure and sequentially executes, for example, the opening and closing of a plurality of gates in chronological order is widely applied, and the control means Cnt utilizes this technique. . Functionally, the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt functions as the control unit C1, and the same applies to the following.

The control means C1 sends a signal given from the demodulation means De at the time of reception to the encoding / decoding means Erc to perform error correction and the like, and is supplied from the information transfer apparatus IRT based on the demodulated data. The content of the command is analyzed, response data corresponding to the content of the command is read from the non-volatile memory Mem, and the read response data is transmitted. When, for example, a query command is supplied from the information transfer device IRT side, the identification information is read from the nonvolatile memory Mem, and the identification information is transmitted from the antenna device ANT2 via the encoding / decoding unit Erc and the modulation unit Cm. . When a write request and data to be written are supplied from the information transfer device IRT, the data is written to a predetermined area of the nonvolatile memory Mem.

The encoding / decoding means Erc is controlled by the control means C
1 is decoded and error-corrected based on the CRC code, and returned to the control means C1.
Extracts the instruction information from this. In this way, the instruction information given from the information exchange device IRT via the electromagnetic field is restored. The encoding / decoding means Erc adds an error correction code such as a CRC code to the information supplied from the control means C1 at the time of reply, and encodes the data with the error correction code added thereto as response information.
Return to 1. The encoding / decoding means Erc includes a data error correction function, but may have a data encryption / decryption function. Further C
The invention is not limited to the RC system, and other error correction circuits can be applied.

The non-volatile memory device Mem is connected in circuit to a command analysis / memory control unit Cnt. The input signal and the signal containing the reproduced data are output to the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt. Therefore, functionally, the nonvolatile memory device Mem records / holds and reproduces information, and the recording / reproduction is controlled by the control means C1.
The nonvolatile memory device Mem stores identification information, various user data, and the like.

In the transmission timing period in which the information carrying device TF transmits the response signal to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT, the carrier is continuously received from the information transmitting / receiving device IRT.
Therefore, based on the response data, the antenna device A
By changing the load impedance of NT2, information ASK-modulated corresponding to the response data can be transmitted to the information transfer device IRT via the antenna device ANT2. That is, the terminal voltage of the antenna device ANT1 of the information transfer device IRT changes with the change of the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2 on the information carrying device TF side. As a result, the information transfer device IRT can receive the signal ASK-modulated with the encoded response data by the antenna device ANT1.

Next, various principles for detecting the contents of the memory means in the information carrying device TF by the information transfer device IRT will be described. If the loop antenna ANT1 on the information transfer device IRT side of the present invention is the first antenna and the loop antenna ANT2 on the information carrying device TF side is the second antenna, the first and second antennas face each other, and the first antenna When the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the first antenna is captured by the second antenna, the magnetic field generated by the current changes according to the change in the current flowing through the first antenna. As a result, a change occurs in the magnetic flux passing through the second antenna, and an electromotive force is generated in the second antenna by mutual induction. The electromotive force V2 generated in the second antenna is proportional to the change in the current I1 of the first antenna, and is represented by V2 = M (dI1 / dt) under the tuning condition where M is a mutual inductance, and flows through the second antenna. The current I2 depends on the characteristics of the connected circuit. On the other hand, the second
A resistance or reactance (inductive reactance ωL or capacitive reactance 1 / ωC) can be connected to the antenna as a load impedance.
It is controlled by the contents (“1” or “0”) of the memory means included in F.

A. First detection principle: As described above, the information transfer device IRT is the primary side, and the information carrying device TF inductively coupled to the information transfer device IRT is the secondary side, and the total impedance of the secondary side is When Z
It can be treated as the inductively coupled four-terminal network shown in FIG. Where the impedance Z measured on the primary side
ie is calculated as follows. ω is the angular frequency, the inductance of the antenna ANT1 of the information exchange device IRT is L1, the electromotive force is V1, the current is I1, and the information carrying device T is
Assuming that the inductance of the antenna ANT2 of F is L2, the electromotive force is V2, the current is I2, and the mutual inductance between the antennas ANT1 and ANT2 is M, the induced electromotive force V1 under the tuning condition is as follows: V1 = jω * L1 * I1 + jω * M * I2 and the induced electromotive force V2 is: V2 = jω * M * I1 + jω * L2 * I2 Here, since the direction of the current I2 is reversed, V2 = −Z * I2.

From the above, the impedance Zie on the information transfer device IRT side is represented by jω * (L1−M ** 2 / L2) as the first term and the second term as the square of the symbol “**”. jω * (M ** 2) * Z / L2 * (Z + jω * L
2). Here, u2 = L2 / jω * (M ** 2) Further, if the second term is modified as u3 = (L2 ** 2) / Z * (M ** 2), it becomes 1 / (u2 + u3). . Therefore, if the first term is u1, the impedance Zie on the information transfer device IRT side is expressed as Zie = u1 + 1 / (u2 + u3). As a result, an equivalent circuit of the inductive coupling four-terminal network shown in FIG. 5 can be shown as in FIG.

The impedance Z on the information carrying device TF side
If the circuit is controlled to have an infinite impedance according to the contents of the memory means (either one of “1” or “0”, for example, “1”), u3 = (L2 ** 2) / The term Z * (M ** 2) becomes infinitesimal, and the state of "1" in the memory means is observed on the information transfer device IRT side as impedance Zie1 = jω * L1. On the other hand, when the impedance Z on the information carrying device TF side is set to zero impedance according to the contents of the memory means (either "1" or "0", for example, "0"), 1 / (u2 + u3 ) Becomes infinitesimal, and the state of “0” in the memory means is observed on the information transfer device IRT side as impedance Zie0 = jω * (L1−M ** 2 / L2). This is expressed as Zie0 = jω * L1 * (1-k ** 2) using the coupling constant kk ** 2 = M ** 2 / L1 * L2 of the antennas ANT1 and ANT2. As described above, the state of “1” or “0” of the memory means on the information carrying device TF side depends on the information transfer device IR.
On the T side, the different impedance values Zie1, Zie
By being observed as 0, the state of “1” or “0” of the memory means can be easily detected.

Further, by changing the impedance Z on the information carrying device TF side to any different value between zero and infinity, it is possible to observe as different impedance values Zie corresponding to each. As described above, the impedance Zie of the primary side (information transfer apparatus IRT side) changes according to the load Z of the secondary side (information transfer apparatus TF side) due to the mutual induction. By detecting, the state on the information carrying device TF side can be detected.

B. Second detection principle: Next, by supplying power to the above-described inductively coupled four-terminal network only from the primary side, the entire inductively coupled four-terminal network becomes a load in the power supply circuit of the information transfer device IRT. In addition, the power to be supplied fluctuates according to the change in the impedance Zie of the load. Therefore, by detecting the fluctuation of the supplied power in the information transfer device IRT, the contents of the memory means of the information carrying device TF can be detected.

C. Third detection principle: When an electromagnetic wave is incident on the antenna ANT2 on the information transfer device IRT side to the antenna ANT2 on the information carrier device TF side, and an induced current is generated on the information carrier device TF side by electromagnetic induction, it is again transmitted to the antenna ANT2. The electromagnetic wave is emitted from the information transfer apparatus IRT as backscattering or reflection (hereinafter, referred to as reflection) of the electromagnetic wave by the antenna ANT2. Moreover, since this reflectivity depends on the antenna impedance of the information carrier TF, and the antenna impedance depends on the state of the circuit, the information transfer device IRT can know the state of the circuit of the information carrier TF from the observed reflected wave. Can be. Therefore, by adopting a configuration in which the antenna impedance of the information carrying device TF is changed in accordance with the content of the memory device, the information transfer device IRT can detect the content of the memory device of the information carrying device TF based on the observed reflected wave. Can be.

The second or third detection principle will be further described. There are cases where the resonance frequency of the antenna ANT2 changes and shifts due to a change in the state of the information carrying device TF, and cases where the resonance frequency does not change. The current in the resonant circuit is a function of impedance Z, which is a function of resistance R, inductance L, and capacitance C. For example, when the equivalent circuit of the antenna resonance circuit is approximated by the series connection of the resistance R, the inductance L, and the capacitance C, the impedance Z is the square of the resistance R, the inductive reactance ωL, and the capacitive reactance 1 /.
It is the root of the sum of the square of the difference of ωC. Q of this resonance circuit
The value is determined by the peak value and the half value width at the resonance point (resonance frequency ω0) of the characteristic curve of the square of the absolute value of the induced current, and thus the Q value depends on the resistance R, the inductance L, and the capacitance C. The square of the absolute value of the induced current is
It is obtained as the product of conjugate complex numbers in complex numbers.
On the other hand, the resonance frequency ω0 of this equivalent circuit is the reciprocal of the root of the product of the inductance L and the capacitance C, and thus depends on the inductance L and the capacitance C and the resistance R
Does not depend on At the time of resonance, the impedance Z becomes a pure resistance, has a minimum value, and the resonance current has a maximum value.

Based on the above characteristics, the antenna ANT2
When the resistance R of the resonance circuit on the side is changed in accordance with the contents (“1” or “0”) of the memory means, the resonance frequency ω0 does not move, and the peak value and half of the current at the resonance point are not changed. The value width (and thus the Q value) changes. This change can be detected as a change in the transmission power on the antenna ANT1 side that applies energy to the antenna ANT2 side via electromagnetic waves under inductive coupling as described above. Therefore, the content of the memory means ("1" or "0") can be detected based on the detection result.

On the other hand, when the load having the inductance L and the capacitance C is connected to and disconnected from the antenna ANT2 in accordance with, for example, the contents (“1” or “0”) of the memory means, the resonance circuit on the antenna ANT2 side is used. Of the inductive reactance ωL or the capacitive reactance 1 / ωC in the impedance of
Shift to Therefore, in this case, the information carrying device T
In the antenna ANT2 on the F side, the information transfer device IR
The re-radiated power increases due to an increase in the standing wave ratio of the current due to the electromagnetic wave of frequency ω0 emitted from T, while the power supplied from the antenna ANT2 to the load decreases, and as a result, the antenna ANT2 transmits and receives information. Device I
It functions as a reflection device for electromagnetic waves of frequency ω0 emitted from the RT and emits reflected waves. The information transfer device IRT can detect the content of the memory means of the information carrying device TF by detecting the reflected wave. Alternatively, the information transfer device IRT shifts the frequency ω0 of the emitted electromagnetic wave to ω0 ′ when the resonance frequency shifts according to the contents of the memory means on the information holding device TF side as described above, and By detecting the absorption on the TF side,
The contents of the memory means of the information carrying device TF can be detected.

D. Fourth detection principle: Each of the above-described principles supplies power from the information transfer device IRT on the primary side to the information carrying device TF and treats the information transfer device by mutual guidance so that the information transfer device is handled as an inductively coupled four-terminal network. In the state where the information carrying device TF is inductively coupled to the IRT, the contents of the memory means in the information carrying device TF are detected,
Therefore, the information carrying device TF does not transmit information by emitting an electromagnetic wave by itself. On the contrary,
The information carrying device TF emits an electromagnetic wave carrying information by itself so that the information transmitting / receiving device IRT can receive the electromagnetic wave, and thus the information can be transmitted to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT.

In this case, the information carrying device TF has an independent electromagnetic wave emitting function, and uses the power supplied from the information transmitting / receiving device IRT, or prepares a separate power supply, and sends the information to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT independently. Emit electromagnetic waves. The information exchange device IRT can obtain the contents of the memory means of the information carrying device TF by receiving this electromagnetic wave and extracting information.

The information transmitting / receiving device IRT and the information carrying device TF of the present invention can be configured to apply at least any of the above principles.

Next, an example of the operation of the information transfer apparatus IRT shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is an operation flowchart of the information transfer device IRT shown in FIG. 1 in a standby state of detecting the information carrying device. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the information transfer operation of the information transfer device IRT shown in FIG. 1 after detecting the information carrying device.

In FIG. 7, the control means 1 accepts, as an initial setting, an input setting of a communication range (communication range or communication field) by operating the input button shown in FIG.
This mainly depends on the wavelength (frequency) of the applied electromagnetic wave (step S1). When the initial setting is performed in this manner, the state transitions to the detection standby state. The transmission power control means 6 inputs predetermined minimum transmission power information corresponding to the input and set communication range to the variable output power amplifier R4 as a transmission power control signal 6a. The variable output power amplifying section R4 amplifies the unmodulated modulated signal 3a obtained by passing the carrier signal 2a through the variable modulation degree modulating section R3 to produce an output signal 4a having the lowest transmission power, and energizes the antenna device ANT1 to generate an electromagnetic field. Let it form. As a result, only the carrier is transmitted (step S2). While transmitting only this carrier, the terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 monitors the terminal voltage of the antenna, and as a result, outputs the voltage signal 8a to the information carrying device detecting means 7.
(Step S3). Information carrying device detecting means 7
Determines whether the antenna terminal voltage is lower than the steady state voltage based on the voltage signal 8a (step S4).

If the antenna terminal voltage is the same as the steady state voltage, the information carrying device TF does not exist and is not sensitive to the electromagnetic field. When notified, the control means 1 returns to step S2 and continues the state of transmitting only the carrier with the minimum transmission power. On the other hand, when it is detected in step S4 that the antenna terminal voltage is lower than the steady state voltage, the information carrying device TF is present and absorbs energy in response to the electromagnetic field, and the antenna device A by mutual induction is present.
Since it is observed as a voltage drop of NT1, the information carrying device detecting means 7 can confirm that the information carrying device TF exists within the communication range, and notifies the control means 1 of the result (step S5). .

Here, the control means 1 sets the transmission power as it is and triggers the modulation degree control means 5 to give a preset modulation degree as the modulation degree control signal 5a to the variable modulation degree modulation section R3. Further, a detection command prepared in advance is provided as a transmission signal dt to the variable modulation degree modulation unit R3 via the encoding / decoding means 3. As a result, in the variable modulation degree modulation section R3, the carrier signal 2a provided from the filter section R2 is modulated by the transmission signal dt (detection command) at the above modulation degree, and the modulated signal 3a
As a result, the power enters the variable output power amplifying unit R4, and is output to the antenna device ANT1 as the output of the transmission power and transmitted (step S6).

Next, the control means 1 continues to drive the above-mentioned units, and continues to transmit only the carrier wave after the detection command is sent out.
It waits for a notification of the result of the determination as to whether or not there is (step S7).
Then, when a response (response) detection is notified in step S7, the control means 1 ends the operation in the detection standby state, and shifts to an information transfer (communication) state operation shown in FIG. On the other hand, if no response is detected, the control means 1 proceeds to step S8, sends an instruction to the transmission power control means 6, and the transmission power control means 6 transmits information for increasing the current transmission power to the transmission power control signal. When input to the variable output power amplifying unit R4 as 6a, the variable output power amplifying unit R4 increases the transmission power applied to the antenna device ANT1. Thereafter, the control means 1 returns to step S6 and continues transmitting the detection command.

When the information carrying device TF is detected as described above, the operation transits to the operation in the communication state shown in FIG. In the flow shown in FIG. 8, the control means 1 keeps the transmission power and the modulation degree as they are, and gives a command to be transmitted as a transmission signal dt to the variable modulation degree modulation section R3 via the encoding / decoding means 3. Thereby, the variable modulation degree modulation unit R3
, The carrier signal 2 given from the filter unit R2
a is modulated by the transmission signal dt (transmission command) at the current modulation degree, becomes a modulation signal 3a, enters the variable output power amplifier R4, is energized as an output of the current transmission power by the antenna device ANT1, and is transmitted. (Step S21).

Next, the control means 1 continues to drive the above-mentioned units, and continues to transmit only the carrier wave after the command is sent out.
It waits for a report of the result of the determination on the presence or absence of a response (response) from the information carrying device TF to the transmitted command (step S22). Then, when the response detection is notified in step S22, the control means 1 confirms the report from the communication abnormality detection means 2 and determines whether or not the response has been normally received (step S23). If the response has been successfully received, the control means 1 proceeds with the processing of this response.

If the response (response) cannot be received normally in step S23, the control means 1 sets the demodulation unit R
9 or whether or not there is any response from the information carrying device TF based on the notification from the communication abnormality detecting means 2 (step S24). If there is no response, an inquiry is made to the transmission power control means 6 to determine whether or not the transmission power is maximum (step S25). If the transmission power is not the maximum, the control unit 1 sends an instruction to the transmission power control unit 6 in step S26, and the transmission power control unit 6 uses the information for increasing the current transmission power as the transmission power control signal 6a as the variable output power amplification unit R4. When input to the variable output power amplification unit R4, the transmission power applied to the antenna device ANT1 is increased. Thereafter, the control means 1 proceeds to step S
Returning to step 21, the command is transmitted. When the response can be normally received due to the increase of the transmission power by this process, the control means 1 continues the communication at the transmission power at that time.

On the other hand, if no response is obtained even when the transmission power is increased to the maximum, the control means 1 inquires the modulation degree control means 5 in step S27 to determine whether or not the modulation degree of the command is the maximum. to decide. If the modulation degree of the command is not the maximum, the control means 1 proceeds to step S
At 28, an instruction is sent to the modulation degree control means 5 to increase the modulation degree of the command. Then, the process returns to step S21 to transmit the command. When a response (response) can be normally received due to the increase in the modulation degree by this process, the control means 1 continues the communication at the modulation degree at that time.

Next, if no response can be obtained even when the modulation degree of the command is maximized, or if it is detected that the response cannot be received normally but there is any response in step S24, the control means In step S29, 1 makes an inquiry to the response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4 to determine whether or not an instruction to increase the modulation degree of the response on the information carrying device TF side is made to the maximum. If the instruction to increase the modulation degree of the response has not been issued to the maximum, the control means 1 sends an instruction to the response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4 in step S30 to inform the information carrying device TF to increase the modulation degree of the response. Send a command.

The information carrier device TF receives a command requesting to increase the modulation of the response, and increases the modulation of the response in response to the command.
When the information exchange device IRT can normally receive the response, the control means 1 continues the communication under the condition at that time. On the other hand, if the response cannot be received normally even after the command for maximizing the modulation degree of the response has been transmitted, the control means 1 confirms that communication is not possible (step S3).
1) The communication operation is completed.

As described above, the information transfer apparatus according to the present invention
The transmission power and the modulation degree can be changed adaptively, and the control for changing the modulation degree of the response transmitted from the information carrier device can be controlled adaptively, so that the information transfer device in the detection standby state can be controlled. Transmission power can be reduced, and stable long-distance communication can be performed even when the communication environment changes. For example, a plurality of information carrying devices exist in the communication range of the information exchange device, or even when a radio wave absorber or the like exists in the communication range of the information exchange device, by increasing the transmission power of the information exchange device, It is possible to supply necessary power to the information carrying device and provide an environment where stable communication is possible. Further, even when the information carrying device is near the communication limit position and data cannot be reliably received due to the influence of noise or the like, the modulation degree of the command transmitted from the information transmitting / receiving device and / or the transmission from the information carrying device. Adjusting the modulation degree of the response enables reliable communication.

Further, a second embodiment in which the configuration of the first embodiment is partially simplified is also possible. In the second embodiment of the information exchange device, referring again to FIG. 1 and attaching the same reference numerals to the same parts as in the embodiment, the description given in the embodiment is referred to, A clock generation unit R1, a filter unit R2, a fixed modulation factor modulation unit R32, a variable output power amplification unit R4, an antenna device ANT1, a terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 of the antenna device ANT1, a demodulation unit R9, and a higher-level device. And a control unit R112 storing a procedure for controlling the operation of the entire information exchange device, an arithmetic processing unit Cpu, and a work memory unit Wkm, and operate in a transmission mode and a reception mode.

The fixed modulation degree modulator R32 is in the transmission mode.
The encoded transmission signal dt is supplied from the control unit R112, and based on the transmission signal dt, the carrier 2
The circuit is configured to perform, for example, ASK modulation on “a” and output the modulated signal as a modulated signal 3a. The modulation signal 3a is supplied to the variable output power amplifier R4. In addition, the fixed modulation degree modulation unit R32 is configured to receive no encoded information to be transmitted in the reception mode, and to pass the carrier signal 2a through to the variable output power amplification unit R4. The control unit R112 stores a control unit 12, an encoding / decoding unit 3, a transmission power control unit 6, and an information carrying device detection unit 7. The control means 12 controls the operation of the entire apparatus. Other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment.

The information exchange method by the information exchange device of the second embodiment is applied to a non-contact type information carrying device TF capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and exchanging information via the electromagnetic field. , An electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna device ANT1 to supply power to the information carrying device TF, the information carrying device TF is detected via the electromagnetic field, and information communication with the detected information carrying device TF via the electromagnetic field is performed. A power supply process of continuously applying the transmission power to the antenna device ANT1 from the detection of the information carrying device TF to the end of the information communication to continuously apply an electromagnetic field to the information carrying device TF; Device AN
A voltage monitoring process for monitoring the terminal voltage of T1, a presence detecting process for detecting the presence of the information carrying device TF based on a change in the terminal voltage, and an information communicating process for communicating information after detecting the information carrying device TF. And in the power supply process,
The transmission power supplied in the detection of the information carrying device TF is:
The transmission power supplied in the information communication after the detection is reduced from the transmission power supplied in the information communication after the detection,
It is made to increase more than the transmission power supplied in the detection.

According to the information transmitting / receiving device of the second embodiment, when the information carrying device TF enters the communication range of the information transmitting / receiving device, electromagnetic induction coupling is established between the two and the antenna device of the information transmitting / receiving device The terminal voltage of ANT1 is the information carrying device TF
Is lower than the state where the electromagnetic induction coupling is not established without the presence of the information carrier device TF, it is possible to detect the information carrier device TF based on the change in the antenna terminal voltage. Power consumption during standby can be reduced. When the information carrier TF is detected, the process proceeds to an information communication process, and the transmission power is increased. As a result, a strong electromagnetic field is formed, and power necessary for its driving and communication operation is supplied to the information carrying device TF, and stable and highly reliable communication between the information transmitting and receiving device and the information carrying device becomes possible. Note that the variable output power amplifying unit R
4, a transmission power control signal may be given.

Similarly, a third embodiment in which the configuration of the first embodiment is partially simplified is also possible. In the third embodiment of the information exchange apparatus, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in each of the above-described embodiments again with reference to FIG. 1, and the description described in each of the above-described embodiments is referred to. As a clock generator R1, a filter R2,
Fixed modulation degree modulation section R32 and variable output power amplification section R4
The antenna device ANT1, the terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 of the antenna device ANT1, the demodulation unit R9, the interface unit R10 with the higher-level device, and the control unit R113 storing the procedure for controlling the operation of the entire information exchange device. , An arithmetic processing unit Cpu, and a working memory unit Wkm, and operate in a transmission mode and a reception mode. Fixed modulation degree modulator R3
The configuration and operation of the second embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment.

The control unit R113 includes the control means 1
3, an encoding / decoding unit 3, a transmission power control unit 6, and an information carrying device detection unit 7. The control means 13 controls the operation of the entire apparatus, and particularly controls the transmission power control means 6 to supply a transmission power control signal 6a specifying the power in the standard communication state to the variable output power amplifying section R4. It monitors whether or not the antenna terminal voltage is within a predetermined voltage range in the standard communication state based on the voltage signal 8a from the voltage monitoring unit R8, and the antenna terminal voltage is lower than the voltage range in the predetermined standard communication state. In this case, a transmission power control signal 6a for increasing the transmission power is generated, and the transmission power is feedback-controlled so that the antenna terminal voltage falls within a predetermined voltage range in the standard communication state. Other configurations and operations are the same as in the above embodiment. Further, the transmission power control signal may be directly applied to the variable output power amplification unit R4 without passing through the transmission power control unit 6 from the terminal voltage monitoring unit R8.

The information exchange method by the information exchange apparatus of the third embodiment is applied to a non-contact type information carrying device TF capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and exchanging information via the electromagnetic field. , An electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna device ANT1 to supply power to the information carrying device TF, the information carrying device TF is detected via the electromagnetic field, and information communication with the detected information carrying device TF via the electromagnetic field is performed. A power supply process of continuously applying the transmission power to the antenna device ANT1 from the detection of the information carrying device TF to the end of the information communication to continuously apply an electromagnetic field to the information carrying device TF; Device AN
A voltage monitoring process for monitoring the terminal voltage of T1, a presence detecting process for detecting the presence of the information carrying device TF based on a change in the terminal voltage, and an information communicating process for communicating information after detecting the information carrying device TF. And in the power supply process,
The transmission power is controlled so that the terminal voltage of the antenna becomes a value within a preset range based on the monitoring result of the voltage monitoring process.

According to the information transmitting / receiving device of the third embodiment, when the information carrying device TF enters the communication range, electromagnetic induction coupling is established between the two and the terminal voltage of the antenna device ANT1 of the information transmitting / receiving device. Is lower than a state in which the electromagnetic induction coupling is not established because the information carrier TF is not present. Therefore, the information carrier TF can be detected based on the change in the antenna terminal voltage. If there is an information carrying device, or if there is an electromagnetic wave absorber in the same range and is electromagnetically inductively coupled to the antenna of the information exchange device,
The antenna terminal voltage of the information exchange device is lower than that in the case where a single information carrier is electromagnetically inductively coupled. Therefore, when it is confirmed in the voltage monitoring process that the antenna terminal voltage has dropped below the standard voltage range in the state where the electromagnetic field is formed by the transmission power at the time of information communication, the transmission power is increased by the power supply process. This is the information carrier TF of interest
, Power required for the operation can be supplied, and reliable information communication can be performed.

Similarly, a fourth embodiment in which the configuration of the first embodiment is partially simplified is also possible. In the fourth embodiment of the information exchange apparatus, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in each of the above embodiments and FIG. 1 is referred to again, and the description described in each of the above embodiments is referred to. As a clock generator R1, a filter R2,
Fixed modulation degree modulation section R32 and variable output power amplification section R4
The antenna device ANT1, the terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 of the antenna device ANT1, the demodulation unit R9, the interface unit R10 with the higher-level device, and the control unit R114 in which the procedure for controlling the operation of the entire information exchange device is stored. , An arithmetic processing unit Cpu, and a working memory unit Wkm, and operate in a transmission mode and a reception mode.

The control unit R114 includes the control means 1
4, communication abnormality detecting means 2, encoding / decoding means 3, transmission power control means 6, and information carrying device detecting means 7 are stored. The communication abnormality detecting means 2 is configured to report to the control means 14 when detecting abnormal information communication. The control means 14 controls the operation of the entire apparatus, and particularly controls the transmission power control means 6 when abnormal communication is detected by the communication abnormality detection means 2 and controls the transmission power 4a supplied to the antenna apparatus ANT1. increase.

The information exchange method by the information exchange device of the fourth embodiment is applied to a non-contact type information carrying device TF capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and exchanging information via the electromagnetic field. , An electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna device ANT1 to supply power to the information carrying device TF, the information carrying device TF is detected via the electromagnetic field, and information communication with the detected information carrying device TF via the electromagnetic field is performed. A power supply process of continuously supplying an electromagnetic field to the information carrying device TF by continuously supplying transmission power to the antenna device ANT1 from the detection of the information carrying device TF to the end of information communication, and an information communication with the information carrying device TF. A communication abnormality detection step of detecting that the communication is not performed normally, and in the power supply step, abnormal communication of information is detected by the communication abnormality detection step. Is the transmission power supplied to the antenna device ANT1 so as to increase when the. According to the information transmitting and receiving apparatus of the fourth embodiment, even when an electromagnetic field is applied at a standard transmission power at the time of information communication, the information communication is not normally performed due to the influence of noise or the like. When this is detected in the process, the transmission power is increased in the power supply process. This enables normal information communication.

Similarly, a fifth embodiment in which the configuration of the first embodiment is partially simplified is also possible. In the fifth embodiment of the information transfer apparatus, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in each of the above embodiments, and the description given in each of the above embodiments is referred to. As a clock generator R1, a filter R2,
Variable modulation degree modulator R3, fixed output power amplifier R45
, An antenna device ANT1, a terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 of the antenna device ANT1, a demodulation unit R9, an interface unit R10 with a higher-level device, and a control unit R115 storing a procedure for controlling the operation of the entire information exchange device. , An arithmetic processing unit Cpu, and a working memory unit Wkm, and operate in a transmission mode and a reception mode.

The control unit R115 includes control means 1
5, communication abnormality detecting means 2, encoding / decoding means 3, modulation degree controlling means 5, and information carrying device detecting means 7. The control unit 15 controls the operation of the entire apparatus. In particular, when the communication abnormality detection unit 2 detects that the information communication with the information carrying device TF is not performed normally, the control unit 15 drives the modulation degree control unit 5. , Information carrying device T
It is configured to perform modulation degree control for increasing the modulation degree of a command supplied to F. Here, the modulation degree control means 5 applies the modulation degree control signal 5a to the variable modulation degree modulation section R3. The configurations and operations of the modulation degree control means 5 and the variable modulation degree modulation section R3 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment.

The information exchange method by the information exchange apparatus of the fifth embodiment is applied to a non-contact type information carrying device TF capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and exchanging information via the electromagnetic field. , An electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna device ANT1 to supply power to the information carrying device TF, the information carrying device TF is detected via the electromagnetic field, and information communication with the detected information carrying device TF via the electromagnetic field is performed. A communication abnormality detection step for detecting that information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally, and a command to be supplied to the information carrying device TF when abnormal communication is detected by the communication abnormality detecting process. And a modulation degree control step of increasing the modulation degree. Thus, even if an electromagnetic field is applied from the information transmitting / receiving device at the standard transmission power at the time of information communication, if information communication is not performed normally due to noise or the like, when this is detected in the communication abnormality detection process, modulation is performed. In the degree control process, the modulation degree of the command is increased. This enables normal information communication.

Similarly, a sixth embodiment in which the configuration of the first embodiment is partially simplified is also possible. In the sixth embodiment of the information transfer apparatus, the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in each of the above embodiments, and the description given in each of the above embodiments is referred to. As a clock generator R1, a filter R2,
Fixed modulation degree modulation section R32 and fixed output power amplification section R45
, An antenna device ANT1, a terminal voltage monitoring unit R8 of the antenna device ANT1, a demodulation unit R9, an interface unit R10 with a higher-level device, and a control unit R116 storing a procedure for controlling the operation of the entire information exchange device. , An arithmetic processing unit Cpu, and a working memory unit Wkm, and operate in a transmission mode and a reception mode.

The control unit R116 includes control means 1
6, communication abnormality detecting means 2, encoding / decoding means 3, response modulation degree change instruction sending means 4, and information carrying device detecting means 7. The control means 16 controls the operation of the entire apparatus. In particular, when the communication abnormality detection means 2 detects that the information communication with the information carrying device TF is not performed normally, the response modulation degree change instruction transmission means 4 is transmitted. When driven, a response modulation degree change command requesting an increase in the modulation degree on the information carrying device TF side is transmitted.

The information exchange method by the information exchange apparatus of the sixth embodiment is applied to a non-contact type information carrying device TF capable of receiving power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and exchanging information via the electromagnetic field. , An electromagnetic field is applied from the antenna device ANT1 to supply power to the information carrying device TF, the information carrying device TF is detected via the electromagnetic field, and information communication is performed with the detected information carrying device TF via the electromagnetic field. Communication abnormality detection process for detecting that information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally, and increasing the degree of modulation on the information carrying device side when abnormal communication is detected by the communication abnormality detecting process. And a response modulation degree change command transmitting step of transmitting a response modulation degree change command requesting the It shall comprise a modulation degree control process of increasing the modulation degree of the signal to be transmitted based on Suponsu modulation change command.

As a result, when the command transmitted from the information transmitting / receiving device is received by the information carrying device TF and a response signal corresponding to the received command is transmitted from the information carrying device TF, the information carrying device TF sets the communication range. Since the response signal is not normally received by the information transmitting / receiving device due to noise or the like due to being at the limit position, if an abnormality is detected in the communication error detecting process of the information transmitting / receiving device, the process proceeds to the response modulation degree change command transmission process and the response modulation is performed. A degree change command is sent to the information carrying device TF. On the side of the information carrier device TF that has received the response modulation degree change command, the modulation degree of the response signal transmitted to the information transmitting / receiving device is increased in the modulation degree control process. As a result, the information exchange device can normally receive the response data.
Various different configurations are possible in addition to the configurations of the above-described embodiments. For example, changing the variable section to a fixed section in each section configuration of a certain embodiment, or changing the fixed section to a variable section, etc., and freely incorporating functions and means incorporated in other embodiments. It is also possible.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the information carrying device according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration diagram of a main part in the information carrying device shown in FIG. Less than,
The information carrying device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The same parts as those described in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description described above is used. The information carrying device TF2 according to the present embodiment operates in response to the electromagnetic field when the relative distance to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT (see FIG. 1) that forms the electromagnetic field in the vicinity is within the limit distance responsive to the electromagnetic field. Then, information is exchanged without contact with the information exchange device IRT. As described above, the information carrying device TF2 normally receives the command transmitted from the information transmitting / receiving device IRT under an appropriate communication environment and normally transmits a response signal corresponding to the received command, but the communication environment changes. For example, when the position of the information carrying device TF2 is near the limit position of the communicable range, or when the information carrying device TF2 is moving, the information transfer device IRT side normally returns the response data due to the influence of noise or the like. You may not be able to receive.
In such a case, the information transfer device IRT repeatedly transmits the same command to try to obtain necessary data, but the information carrying device TF2 according to the present embodiment has the following configuration to cope with this. .

The information carrying device TF2 is provided with an information transmitting / receiving device IR.
An antenna device ANT2 that is inductively coupled to the antenna device ANT1 of the T using an electromagnetic field as a medium, transmits and receives information in a non-contact manner by mutual induction, and receives power supply, and demodulation means connected to the antenna device ANT2. De, the variable modulation degree modulation means Cm2, and the power supply unit P
w, a clock extraction unit Ck, and a command analysis / memory control unit Cnt2, which is configured by a circuit that operates as a control function of the operation of the entire apparatus including command analysis and recording / reproduction control to / from a memory. • Encoding / decoding means Erc connected to the memory control unit Cnt2
, A non-volatile memory device Mem, and a temporary storage unit Tpm.

The non-volatile memory device Mem is an SRAM
(Anytime write / read memory that does not require a memory holding operation) or EE
A PROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Memory) and a flash memory, which are connected in circuit to the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt2, and from the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt2, a signal containing a recording instruction signal and recording data. Alternatively, a reproduction instruction signal is input, and a signal containing reproduction data is output to the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt2. Therefore, functionally, the non-volatile memory device Mem functions as an information holding means for recording / holding and reproducing information, and its recording / reproduction is controlled by the control means C21. Non-volatile memory device Me
In m, the information sent from the information exchange device IRT is carried, or the carried information is reproduced, encoded by the encoding / decoding means Erc, and the response data rs
p is formed.

The temporary storage unit Tpm is composed of a DRAM (a write / read memory that performs a memory holding operation as needed), and temporarily stores the latest command sent from the information transfer device IRT, and stores the new command every time a new command arrives. Be updated.

The variable modulation degree modulating means Cm2 outputs the antenna device AN based on the encoded response data rsp.
The load impedance of T2 is changed. The terminal voltage of the antenna device ANT2 is changed by changing the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2. During the reception timing period for receiving the response from the information carrying device TF2, the information transfer device IRT continuously transmits the carrier wave (transmits an unmodulated radio wave).
Therefore, in the information carrying device TF2, the response data rs2 is changed by changing the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2 based on the response data rsp.
The ASK-modulated radio wave corresponding to p is transmitted to the antenna device AN.
This will occur at T2. On the other hand, the information carrying device TF
In response to the change in the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2, the antenna device ANT1 of the information transfer device IRT is changed.
Terminal voltage changes. This allows the antenna apparatus ANT1 to receive a signal ASK-modulated with the encoded response data rsp.

Further, the variable modulation degree modulating means Cm2 is configured so that the value of the load impedance can be changed in multiple stages based on the modulation degree designation information smd, as described later in detail. Thereby, the modulation degree can be switched in multiple stages.

The command analysis / memory control unit Cnt2
Based on the clock supplied from the clock extraction unit Ck,
The demodulation signal de1 supplied from the demodulation means De is encoded /
The command is sent to the decoding means Erc, and various commands (instruction information) are extracted based on the error-corrected signal, and information for recording is separated and extracted, the instruction information is analyzed, and a predetermined process is performed by a predetermined process. It is configured as a semiconductor logic control circuit having a sequence control function, which is sequentially executed according to the procedure.
The technique of a semiconductor sequence controller that determines conditions in accordance with such a predetermined procedure and sequentially executes, for example, the opening and closing of a plurality of gates in chronological order is widely applied, and the control unit Cnt2 uses this technique. . Functionally, the command analysis / memory control unit Cnt2 functions as a control unit C21, a modulation degree control unit C22, and a communication abnormality detection unit C23.

The control means C21 transmits the demodulated signal de1 given from the demodulation means De to the encoding / decoding means Erc at the time of reception, performs error correction and the like, and supplies the demodulated signal de1 from the information transfer apparatus IRT based on the demodulated data. The contents of the received command are analyzed, and response data rsp corresponding to the contents of the command are formed and transmitted to the information transfer device IRT. Here, the control unit C21 temporarily stores the command supplied from the information transfer device IRT in the temporary storage unit Tpm.

In a transmission timing period in which the information carrying device TF2 transmits a response signal to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT,
The carrier is continuously received from the information transfer device IRT. Therefore, by changing the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2 based on the response data rsp, it is possible to transmit the ASK-modulated information corresponding to the response data rsp to the information transfer device IRT via the antenna device ANT2. That is, with the change in the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2 of the information carrying device TF2, the antenna device AN of the information transfer device IRT is changed.
The terminal voltage of T1 changes. This allows the information transfer device I
The RT can receive the signal ASK-modulated with the encoded response data by the antenna device ANT1, and can obtain the response data rsp.

The modulation degree control means C22 in the command analysis and memory control section Cnt2 supplies the modulation degree designation information smd for designating the standard modulation degree to the variable modulation degree modulation means Cm2 in the initial state, thereby setting the modulation degree to the standard value. Set to a value.
Upon receiving the response modulation degree change command from the information transfer device IRT, the modulation degree control means C22 supplies modulation degree designation information smd for designating a modulation degree larger than the standard modulation degree to the variable modulation degree modulation means Cm2. As a result, the modulation degree of the response data is set one step higher. The modulation degree control means C22 sets the modulation degree to a larger value each time a response modulation degree change command is supplied.

The communication abnormality detecting means C23 includes a provisional storage unit T
Referring to mp, if the same command is repeatedly supplied from the information transfer device IRT, it is assumed that the response transmitted from the information carrying device TF2 to the information transfer device IRT is not normally received by the information transfer device IRT. Judgment is made and communication abnormality detection information is supplied to the modulation degree control means C22. Upon receiving the communication abnormality detection information from the communication abnormality detection unit C23, the modulation degree control unit C22 modulates the modulation degree designation information sm that designates a modulation degree larger than the currently set modulation degree.
d is supplied to the variable modulation degree modulation means Cm2 to set the modulation degree to a larger value. As described above, in the present embodiment, the information modulation device TF2 voluntarily updates and sets the response modulation factor to a large value without waiting for the arrival of the response modulation factor update instruction from the information transfer device IRT.

FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the variable modulation degree modulating means Cm2 and its peripheral circuits as main parts in the information carrying device TF2. The rectifier circuit constituting the power supply unit Pw includes a rectifier diode D, a smoothing capacitor C, and a bleeder resistor R. The anode of the diode D is connected to one end of the loop coil antenna device ANT2, and the cathode of the diode D is connected to one end of the capacitor C and one end of the resistor R. The other end of the capacitor C and the other end of the resistor R are connected to the other end of the loop coil antenna device ANT2.

The output of the rectifier circuit is supplied to a voltage stabilizing circuit, and a stabilized DC voltage is output through the voltage stabilizing circuit. The output of the rectifier circuit is supplied to a high-pass filter HPF including a capacitor C2 and a resistor R2, and a signal component subjected to ASK modulation is extracted through the high-pass filter HPF and supplied to a demodulation unit De. You.

The variable modulation degree modulation means Cm2 comprises a variable impedance circuit cm2a, an impedance switching control circuit cm2b, and a switching circuit cm2c. Variable impedance circuit cm2a and switching circuit cm
2c is connected in series. When the switching circuit cm2c is controlled to be conductive, the impedance of the variable impedance circuit cm2a is connected in parallel to the output side of the rectifier circuit, thereby changing the load impedance of the antenna device ANT2.

The switching circuit cm2c is constituted by using a semiconductor switching element such as a field effect transistor. The switching circuit cm2c is turned on / off according to the logic level of the response data, so that the ASK-modulated signal is transmitted to the antenna device ANT.
2 is generated. The switching circuit cm2c may be turned on / off based on the logical level of a signal BPSK-modulated based on the response data.

The variable impedance circuit cm2a includes, for example, three types of impedance elements Z1, Z2, Z3 and switches S1, S2, S3 connected in series to the impedance elements Z1, Z2, Z3, respectively. Each of the switches S1, S2, S3 is configured using a semiconductor switching element such as a field effect transistor.

The impedance switching control circuit cm2b is
Each of the switches S1, S based on the modulation degree designation information smd
2. Control the on / off state of S3. When a standard modulation degree is specified, for example, the switch S1 is turned on and the other switches S2 and S3 are controlled to be turned off, so that when the switching circuit cm2c is turned on, it is connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit Impedance becomes the impedance of the impedance element Z1. By turning on both the switch S1 and the switch S2, the impedance connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit can be a parallel combined impedance of the impedance element Z1 and the impedance element Z2. Thus, by changing the value of the impedance connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit, the degree of modulation can be switched in multiple stages. By setting the impedance values of the impedance elements Z1, Z2, Z3 to, for example, 1: 2: 4, the combined impedance may be switched in seven stages.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the operation of the information carrying device shown in FIG. The control means C21 checks whether or not a command has been received (step S4).
1). If a command is received, the control unit C21 triggers the communication abnormality detection unit C23, and the communication abnormality detection unit C23 refers to the immediately preceding command stored in the temporary storage unit Tpm (step S42). Here, the communication abnormality detecting means C23 checks whether the received command is the same as the command received this time (step S43). If the command is not the same, it is confirmed that the previous command processing result has been normally transmitted, and the control means C21 is notified. Notice. The control unit C21 updates and stores the command supplied this time in the temporary storage unit Tpm (step S44).

Next, the control means C21 checks whether or not the location where the error correction has been made in the reception of the information including the current command has exceeded a predetermined value (step S4).
5) If it exceeds the predetermined value, it is determined that the communication environment needs to be improved, and the process proceeds to step S47. On the other hand, if the error correction location is equal to or less than the predetermined value, then the control unit C21 checks whether an instruction to increase the response modulation degree has been received from the information transmitting / receiving device IRT (step S46), and issues an instruction to increase the response modulation degree. If received, step S4
The process proceeds to step S7, and if not received, the process proceeds to step S48. If the commands are the same in step S43, the communication error detection unit C23 supplies the communication error detection information to the modulation degree control unit C22 assuming that the previous command processing result was not transmitted normally and was reissued. Upon receiving this communication abnormality detection information from the communication abnormality detection means C23, the modulation degree control means C22 supplies the modulation degree designation information smd for designating a modulation degree larger than the currently set modulation degree to the variable modulation degree modulation means Cm2. By doing so, the response modulation degree is spontaneously increased (step S47). Next, the control means C21 processes another command (step S48), and when the processing is completed, the control means C21 switches to the variable modulation degree modulation means C.
By driving m2, the response is transmitted to the information transmitting / receiving device IRT at the increased response modulation factor (step S4).
9).

According to the configuration of the present embodiment, when the information transfer device IRT repeatedly transmits the same command to obtain necessary data as described above, the information carrying device TRT is used.
When the communication abnormality detecting means C23 of F2 confirms that the same command is repeatedly supplied, the modulation degree of the response information transmitted by the modulation degree control means C22 is increased based on this. This allows the information transfer device IRT to normally receive the response data.

Therefore, the information carrying device TF according to the present embodiment
The information carrying method applied to (2) receives power supply in response to an electromagnetic field provided by an information transfer device IRT capable of providing an electromagnetic field from an antenna device provided therein,
An information transfer device ITF for transmitting response information to the information transfer device IRT in accordance with a command given from the information transfer device IRT via an electromagnetic field;
By detecting the repeated supply of the same command made from the RT, the transmitted response information is transmitted to the information transfer device I.
The method may further include a communication abnormality detecting step of recognizing that the reception has not been normally performed on the RT side, and a modulation degree controlling step of increasing the modulation degree of response information transmitted thereafter based on the recognition in the communication abnormality detecting step. Thus, the information transfer device IRT can normally receive the response data.

As shown in the above embodiments, the present invention has the following advantages. Unnecessary power consumption is reduced by keeping the transmission power of the information exchange device low during standby for detecting and confirming the presence of the information carrier device within the communication range. Further, even when there are a plurality of information carrying devices in the communication range or when there is a radio wave absorber in the communication range, the power required for the information carrying device to operate can be variably supplied to the information carrying device. In this manner, reliable communication is enabled by maintaining the electromagnetic field strength in the communication field at a constant value. Further, the transmission signal can be reliably transmitted by variably controlling the degree of modulation of the transmission signal (command or / and transmission data) transmitted from the information transmitting / receiving device and / or variably controlling the output during communication. In addition, stable communication is ensured even when the information carrying device is moving or is located near the outermost position in the communication field. Further, by variably controlling the degree of modulation of the response signal transmitted from the information carrying device to the information transmitting / receiving device and / or variably controlling the output during communication, the transmission of the response signal is reliably performed. In the communication between the information exchange device and the information carrying device in which the communication environment changes moment by moment, the operation is performed while changing the communication parameters of each side in an adaptive form, so that the communication parameters are fixed. It also enables stable and reliable long-distance communication.

[0143]

As described above, the information transfer apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises an antenna terminal voltage monitoring means and an information carrier detection means for inspecting the presence of an information carrier based on the antenna terminal voltage. And transmission power control means for supplying transmission power to the antenna, so that the transmission power to be supplied before the detection of the information carrying device is made smaller than the transmission power to be supplied at the time of information communication after the detection, Unnecessary power consumption at the time of inspection including standby can be reduced, and the power utilization rate can be improved.

[0144] The information transfer apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention comprises:
In a state where the electromagnetic field is formed by the transmission power during communication, the transmission power control means controls the transmission power so that the terminal voltage of the antenna becomes a value within a preset range based on the monitoring result of the antenna terminal voltage monitoring means. Since the control is performed, even when there are a plurality of information carriers or a radio wave absorber within the communication range of the information exchange device, it is necessary to supply the power necessary for the operation to the information carriers. Thus, communication between the information transfer device and the information carrying device can be reliably performed.

The information exchange device according to claim 3 of the present invention comprises:
Even if an electromagnetic field is formed with standard transmission power at the time of communication, transmission power supplied to the antenna by the transmission power control means is increased when communication with the information carrier is not normally performed due to the influence of noise or the like. Therefore, the electromagnetic field strength is increased, and communication can be performed reliably.

[0146] The information transfer apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that:
When the communication abnormality detecting means detects that communication is not normally performed due to the influence of noise or the like even when an electromagnetic field is formed at the standard transmission power at the time of communication, the modulation degree control means carries information from the information transfer device. Since the modulation factor of the command supplied to the device is increased, communication can be performed normally.

[0147] The information transfer apparatus according to claim 5 of the present invention comprises:
The information carrier device normally receives a command sent from the information transfer device, and transmits a response signal corresponding to the received command. However, the information carrier device cannot normally receive response data due to noise or the like. In this case, when the response modulation degree change command is transmitted from the information transfer device, and the information carrier receives the response modulation degree change command, the modulation degree of the signal transmitted from the information carrier is increased. Side can normally receive the response signal.

The information carrying device according to claim 6 of the present invention comprises:
A communication abnormality detecting means for recognizing that a response signal transmitted from the information carrying device is not normally received by the information transmitting / receiving device based on the repeated supply of the same command from the information transmitting / receiving device; Modulation degree control means for increasing the degree of modulation of the signal transmitted from the information carrying device based on the recognition result of the communication abnormality detection means,
When the information transmitting / receiving device cannot normally receive the response signal, it can repeatedly transmit the same command to increase the modulation degree of the signal transmitted from the information carrying device. Thus, the information exchange device can normally receive the response signal.

[0149] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transfer method.
Since the transmission power is reduced when the presence of the information carrying device is inspected based on the terminal voltage of the antenna, unnecessary power consumption during the inspection including standby can be reduced, and the power utilization rate can be improved. .

The information transfer method according to claim 8 of the present invention is characterized in that:
In the state where the electromagnetic field is formed by the transmission power during communication, the transmission power is increased when the terminal voltage of the antenna falls below the standard voltage range during communication,
Even when there are a plurality of information carrying devices within the communication range of the information transmitting / receiving device or when there is a radio wave absorber, it is possible to supply power necessary for the operation of the information carrying device to the information carrying device. Communication between the device and the information carrying device can be reliably performed.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information transfer method,
Even if an electromagnetic field is formed with standard transmission power during communication, the transmission power is increased when communication with the information carrying device is not normally performed due to the influence of noise or the like. Communication can be performed reliably.

The information transmitting / receiving method according to claim 10 of the present invention provides a method for transmitting / receiving data from an information transmitting / receiving apparatus when communication is not normally performed due to noise or the like even when an electromagnetic field is formed with standard transmission power during communication. Since the modulation degree of the command supplied to the information carrier is increased, the communication can be normally performed.

In the information transfer method according to claim 11 of the present invention, the information carrier device normally receives a command sent from the information transfer device and transmits a response signal corresponding to the received command. When the response data cannot be received normally due to noise or the like on the carrier device side, a response modulation degree change command is transmitted from the information transfer device side, and when the response modulation degree change command is received on the information carrier device, the response to be transmitted is transmitted. Since the modulation degree of the signal is increased, the response signal can be normally received on the information exchange device side.

In the information carrying method according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, a response signal transmitted from the information carrying device based on the repeated supply of the same command from the information transmitting / receiving device is normally received by the information transmitting / receiving device. And the step of increasing the degree of modulation of the signal transmitted from the information carrier based on the result of the recognition, so that the information transfer device cannot normally receive the response signal. By repeatedly transmitting the same command to the information carrier, the degree of modulation of the signal transmitted by the information carrier can be increased. Thus, the information exchange device can normally receive the response signal.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of an information exchange device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the information transfer apparatus shown in FIG.

3 is detected by the information transfer device shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 4 is an internal explanatory diagram of an example of an information carrying device to which information is exchanged.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the information carrying device shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram using an inductive coupling four-terminal network.

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit of the inductively coupled four-terminal network shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a detection operation of the information carrying device in a standby state of the information transfer device shown in FIG. 1;

8 is a flowchart of an information exchange operation of the information exchange device shown in FIG. 1 after detecting an information carrying device.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the information carrying device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration diagram of a main part in the information carrying device shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the operation of the information carrying device shown in FIG. 9;

[Explanation of symbols]

IRT ‥‥ information transfer device, ANT2 ‥‥ antenna device,
R1 clock generator, R2 filter unit, R3
... Variable modulation degree modulator, R4 ... Variable output power amplifier, R
8 terminal voltage monitoring unit, 8a voltage signal, R9 demodulation unit, 9a demodulation signal, R10 interface unit, R11 control unit, dt transmission signal, 1 control unit 2 ‥‥ communication abnormality detection means, 3 ... coding / decoding means, 4 ... response modulation degree change instruction sending means, 5 ... modulation degree control means, 6 ‥‥ transmission power control means,
7 ‥‥ Information carrying device detecting means, Cpu ... arithmetic processing unit, Wkm ... working memory unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H02J 17/00 H04B 1/59 H04B 1/59 G06K 19/00 HJ

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A non-contact type information carrying device which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmits / receives information via the electromagnetic field, and can carry the information. An information transmitting and receiving device for providing an electric field and supplying power to the information carrying device and communicating information with the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, wherein the terminal of the antenna is provided while the electromagnetic field is provided. Antenna terminal voltage monitoring means for monitoring voltage; information carrying device detecting means for detecting the presence of the information carrying device based on a change in the terminal voltage of the antenna; and detection of the information carrying device by the information carrying device detecting means. Communication means for performing information communication via the electromagnetic field, and supplying transmission power to the antenna at the time of detecting the presence of the information carrying device and at the time of information communication. And transmission power control means for applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device, and wherein the transmission power control means supplies the information carrying device with the transmission power to be supplied until the information carrying device is detected. An information transfer apparatus characterized in that the transmission power is lower than the transmission power supplied in information communication after the detection of the information. 2. A non-contact type information carrying device capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information. An information transmitting and receiving device that applies an electric field to the information carrying device to supply electric power to the information carrying device and communicates information with the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field. Antenna terminal voltage monitoring means for monitoring terminal voltage, transmission power control means for applying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device by supplying transmission power to the antenna,
And the transmission power control means controls the transmission power so that the terminal voltage of the antenna becomes a value within a preset range based on the monitoring result of the antenna terminal voltage monitoring means. Characteristic information transfer device. 3. A non-contact type information carrying device capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information, comprising: An information transmitting / receiving device for providing power to the information carrying device by applying a field and communicating information with the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, wherein the information carrying device is provided by supplying transmission power to the antenna. Transmission power control means for applying the electromagnetic field to the communication device; and communication abnormality detection means for detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally. An information exchange device, wherein the transmission power supplied to the antenna is increased based on a detection output of an abnormality detection unit. 4. A non-contact type information carrying device which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmits and receives information via said electromagnetic field, and can carry said information. An information transfer device that sends a command to the information carrying device through the electromagnetic field while supplying power to the information carrying device by applying a field, and performs information communication with the information carrying device according to the command, Communication abnormality detection means for detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally; modulation degree control means for increasing a modulation degree of the command to be supplied based on a detection output of the communication abnormality detection means An information exchange device comprising: 5. A non-contact type information carrying device capable of receiving electric power in response to an electromagnetic field, transmitting and receiving information via the electromagnetic field, and carrying the information, comprising: An information transfer device that sends a command to the information carrying device through the electromagnetic field while supplying power to the information carrying device by applying a field, and performs information communication with the information carrying device according to the command, Communication abnormality detecting means for detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally; and response modulation for requesting an increase in the modulation factor on the information carrying device side based on a detection output of the communication abnormality detecting means. A response modulation degree change command transmission control means for transmitting a degree change command. 6. A command supplied from the information transmitting / receiving device via the electromagnetic field while receiving power supply in response to the electromagnetic field provided by an information transmitting / receiving device capable of providing an electromagnetic field from an antenna provided therein. A non-contact type information carrier device capable of transmitting response information to the information exchange device according to the above, wherein the transmitted response information is based on detection of repeated supply of the same command made from the information exchange device. A communication abnormality detecting means for recognizing that the information was not normally received on the information transfer apparatus side, and a modulation degree control means for increasing a modulation degree of the response information to be transmitted based on the recognition of the communication abnormality detecting means, An information carrying device comprising: 7. A non-contact type information carrier device which receives power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field, applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna provided in the information exchange device. An information transfer method for supplying power to the information carrying device and detecting the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and then communicating information with the detected information carrying device via the electromagnetic field. A power supply process in which the information transfer device side continuously supplies the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device by continuously supplying transmission power to the antenna from the detection of the information carrying device to the end of information communication; and A voltage monitoring step of monitoring a terminal voltage of the antenna in a state where the information carrying device is provided; And an information communication step of performing information communication after the detection of the information carrying device. In the power supply process, a transmission power supplied in the detection of the information carrying device is supplied in the information communication after the detection. An information transfer method, wherein the transmission power is lower than the transmission power, and the transmission power supplied in the information communication after the detection is higher than the transmission power supplied in the detection. 8. A non-contact type information carrying device that receives power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field, applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna included in the information exchange device. An information transfer method for supplying power to the information carrying device and detecting the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and then communicating information with the detected information carrying device via the electromagnetic field. A power supply process in which the information transfer device side continuously supplies the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device by continuously supplying transmission power to the antenna from the detection of the information carrying device to the end of information communication; and A voltage monitoring step of monitoring a terminal voltage of the antenna in a state where the information carrying device is provided; And an information communication step of communicating information after detection of the information carrying device, and in the power supply step, a terminal voltage of the antenna falls within a preset range based on a monitoring result of the voltage monitoring step. The information transmission / reception method, wherein the transmission power is controlled so as to have a value. 9. A non-contact type information carrying device which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field, applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna provided in the information transmitting / receiving device. And transmitting information through the electromagnetic field while supplying power to the information carrying device, wherein the information transmitting and receiving device transmits transmission power to the antenna until the end of the information communication with the information carrying device. A power supply step of supplying the electromagnetic field to the information carrying device, and a communication abnormality detecting step of detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally. And transmitting the transmission power to the antenna when the abnormal information communication is detected by the communication abnormality detecting step. . 10. A non-contact type information carrying device which receives electric power in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field, applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna included in the information transmitting / receiving device. An information transfer method for supplying power to the information carrying device and sending a command to the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and performing information communication with the information carrying device according to the command. A communication abnormality detecting step of detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not normally performed, and a command to be supplied when the abnormal information communication is detected by the communication abnormality detecting step. A modulation degree control step of increasing the degree of modulation. 11. A non-contact type information carrying device which receives power supply in response to an electromagnetic field and can exchange information via the electromagnetic field, applies the electromagnetic field from an antenna provided in the information transmitting / receiving device. An information transfer method for supplying power to the information carrying device and sending a command to the information carrying device via the electromagnetic field, and performing information communication with the information carrying device according to the command. A communication abnormality detecting step for detecting that the information communication with the information carrying device is not performed normally; and, when the abnormal information communication is detected by the communication abnormality detecting process, the information carrying device side. A response modulation degree change command sending step of transmitting a response modulation degree change command requesting an increase in the modulation degree of, the information carrying device side, A modulation degree control step of increasing a modulation degree of a signal to be transmitted based on a response modulation degree change command sent from the information exchange apparatus. 12. A command supplied from the information transmitting / receiving device via the electromagnetic field while receiving power supply in response to the electromagnetic field provided by the information transmitting / receiving device capable of providing an electromagnetic field. An information carrying method applied to an information carrying device for transmitting response information to said information transmitting / receiving device according to the method, wherein said transmitting is performed based on detection of repeated supply of the same command made from said information transmitting / receiving device. A communication abnormality detecting step of recognizing that the response information has not been normally received on the information transfer apparatus side; and a modulation degree controlling step of increasing a modulation degree of the transmitted response information based on the recognition in the communication abnormality detecting step. An information carrying method characterized by comprising: