JP2001273580A - In-drilling pipe remote measurement transmitter, in- drilling pipe remote measuring method, and its system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce and provide a useful and helpful technical means (in- drilling pipe remote measuring instrument, its method and its system) for transmitting an electromagnetic signal consisting of data which are obtained from at least one transducer in a drilling pipe. SOLUTION: The remote measurement transmitter positioned inside a drilling pipe consists of one input for exchanging data obtained from at least one transducer which is arranged for sensing one or the both of the parameter of the drilling pipe (upper part 10 of the drilling pipe and lower part 14 of the drilling pipe) and the parameter of a circumferential medium. The transmitter adaptively varies power outputs from a magnetic dipole 24 arranged for transmitting an electromagnetic data signal and an electric dipole 38 arranged for transmitting the electromagnetic data signal, in accordance with the directions of the magnetic dipole 24, the electric dipole 38 and the storing part of the transmitter in the drilling pipe and with the electric resistance rate of a medium surrounding around the storing part of the transmitter in the drilling pipe.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a radio telemetry technique for a drilling pipe for data communication from a well bottom to the ground.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The problem of improving the transmission of data from a drilling pipe during drilling has been under consideration for some time, but in recent years there has been increasing interest in this matter. This is related to the increase in drilling depth, especially for inclined drilling for gas and oil. Its purpose is to improve the reliability and the transmission rate of such data, such as formation characteristics, directional operation and the state of the excavating machine.

In the case of currently used wireless communication technologies such as mud pulse, acoustic and electromagnetic, for drilling purposes, the latter is said to have the greatest potential for measurement. Existing electromagnetic drilling tube telemetry transmitters typically consist of a low frequency radio transmitter located adjacent to a drill bit. The data obtained from the transducer in the drill bit is first digitized,
After that, it is transmitted from the borehole to the ground through a rock formation. This signal is then detected and decoded by a receiver located adjacent to the ground drilling rig site.
This technology is capable of receiving data from a depth of 5000 m underground within the frequency range of 2.5-50 HZ.

The electromagnetic signal described above is transmitted by one of the following two methods. UK Patent 21428
No. 04 discloses one method of modulating data into a pulse code electrical signal and emitting it with a current dipole (dipole) into a surrounding rock formation surrounding the bottom of the well. On the ground, an electromagnetic signal formed by a current is detected, and data is extracted by demodulation. In the above case, the rock itself is the electrically conductive medium for the signal from the current dipole. This current dipole is composed of two electrically insulated elements that serve as electrodes. It is clear that the amplitude of the signal strongly depends on the conductivity properties in the rock formation.

[0005]

The weak point of this current dipole structure is that the magnetic field generated from the current dipole when the transmitter housing in the drilling pipe is vertically oriented greatly expands radially from the drilling pipe. It turns out that almost no magnetic signal can be detected.

[0006] Another weak point of the existing current dipole is that it is difficult to inject a sufficient current into a certain rock layer such as dolomite having a high resistivity value.

On the other hand, US Pat. No. 4,800,385 discloses a second method in which data is modulated onto a signal and supplied to a coiled magnetic dipole located adjacent to the outer surface of the drilling tube. I have. The magnetic dipole is electrically insulated from the tube itself and, on the outside, also from the excavated mud and is connected to a power supply.

[0008] The weak point of this magnetic dipole structure is that the magnetic field generated from the dipole is reduced by the inverse cube of the distance from the transmitter (inverse cubic), so that it is reduced to a value that cannot be measured over a long distance. I understand. The magnetic dipole transmitter provides one method that is independent of the formation conductivity at the location of the transmitter. In this case, a relatively shallow excavation can achieve a larger magnetic signal (formation). Therefore, during the early stages of excavation (for example, when the transmission distance is short and the magnetic transmitter is oriented vertically)
Magnetic dipoles are more effective than current dipoles. However, when the excavation depth exceeds 2 km below the ground, the signal generated at the source of the magnetic dipole is too small for a simple magnetometer detection. The current dipole is much smaller than the magnetic dipole in both power consumption and mass (magnitude). The structure of the source of a current dipole is simple (compared to a magnetic dipole) and therefore economical.

[0009] The data obtained on the ground by both of the magnetic field shaping methods often depends on one or both of the resistivity and the orientation of the drilling tube transmitter housing. Therefore it is undetectable or vulnerable.

The magnetic telemetry transmitter operates under extreme conditions, such as high mechanical loads, contact with highly erosive and highly abrasive materials, and high temperatures. In addition, the cross-sectional dimensions of the transmitter are limited by the size of the bore.

A survey of technical research shows one trend in improving transmitter structures. First, the focus was on improving the quality of the data transmitted from the drilling bottom.
This compensates for the inherent signal attenuation in the formation conductive medium,
Related to enhancing the power of the emitted signal. In addition, in deep drilling, and particularly in oil and gas drilling, drills traverse layers with different conductivity and dielectric properties. Therefore, the resistivity of the clay layer above the hydrocarbon deposition portion may change by 100% or more. As a result, it is conceivable that the noise component is superimposed and the amplitude of the measured telemetry signal is changed. As a result, decoding of the telemetry signal becomes complicated.

[0012]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In view of the above technical problems, the present inventors have proposed a useful and useful technical means for transmitting an electromagnetic signal consisting of data obtained from at least one transducer in a drilling pipe (a drilling technique). In-pipe remote measurement device, drilling pipe remote measurement method, drilling pipe remote measurement system, etc.) and provide them.

[0013]

According to the present invention, there is provided means for transmitting an electromagnetic signal composed of data obtained from at least one transducer (transducer) in a drilling pipe, and is provided at a portion of the drilling pipe. The power output by the magnetic dipole and the current dipole of the transmitter installed in the above-mentioned section of the drilling pipe is adaptively controlled according to the direction of the transmitter section and the electrical resistivity of the medium surrounding the above-mentioned section of the drilling pipe. A method for configuring is provided.

In the present invention, the fact that the current dipole transmitter is not suitable for applications such as vertical excavation and high resistivity rock excavation, and that the magnetic field radiated by the magnetic dipole transmitter decreases very quickly with distance. There is a real understanding of the inadequacy of use in deep excavation. Thus, the transmitter of the present invention establishes optimal and reliable data reception on the ground by combining both current and magnetic dipole sources. It allows the power between these two sources to be adaptively distributed according to the drilling direction and formation characteristics.

The transmitter according to the present invention is formed of a current dipole source and a magnetic dipole source, and since the azimuth component forms a complex (combination) magnetic field distribution, one or both of these operations are performed. It is possible.

The magnetic telemetry transmitter of the present invention forms a part of a drilling tube, preferably with a case element made of non-ferromagnetic conductive material and at least one place of electrical insulation,
Two conductive parts / parts in the transmitter are separated.

The transmitter comprises a combined (combined) current dipole source and a magnetic dipole source, wherein the electrodes of the current dipole are capable of emitting current to the surrounding layers. The magnetic dipole section preferably comprises several coils containing a ferromagnetic core in the form of an elongated bar, which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the transmitter in a cylindrical space inside the transmitter case. The electrodes of the current dipole and the coils of the magnetic dipole are connected to a power source through an adaptive power control switch.

The method of forming a magnetic field using a complex source of magnetic fields leads to an improvement in telemetry technology, whereby the magnetic signal from the transmitter is detected and detected in any direction of the excavation.
Detection is possible, and the effect of formation conductivity variations at each location of the transmitter is significantly reduced. In addition, extreme environmental conditions (high mechanical strain, vibration, high temperature and high pressure)
The operation of the transmitter implies that the transmitter must have high manufacturing reliability.

The transmitter has a certain degree of redundancy between the magnetic dipole and the current dipole and within the magnetic dipole, which consists of several emitters connected in parallel, of which damage to one winding gland is possible. The feature of the transmitter is that the operation of the entire apparatus is not interrupted by the above. Desirably, the power output from the magnetic dipole is increased when the transmitter housing of the downhole is vertically or adjacent. Desirably, the power output from the magnetic dipole increases when the resistivity of the medium surrounding the transmitter housing of the downhole is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Desirably, when the power output from the magnetic dipole increases, the power output from the current dipole decreases or is suppressed. Desirably, the power output from the current dipole increases when the transmitter housing of the downhole is horizontal or adjacent. Desirably, the power output from the current dipole increases when the resistivity of the medium surrounding the transmitter housing of the drilling pipe is less than or equal to a predetermined value. Desirably, when the power output from the current dipole increases, the power output from the magnetic dipole decreases or is suppressed.

Specifically, according to the data on the orientation of the transmitter and the resistivity of the surrounding excavation medium received by the transmitter at the bottom of the earth, the power output from the electric dipole source and the magnetic dipole source is output from the ground ( Control current by sending a control current to this transmitter (underground).
In another embodiment, the direction of the section of the drilling pipe and the electrical resistivity of the medium around the section of the drilling pipe are detected by a transmitter, and according to the sensed direction and resistance value, the transmitter detects the magnetic field. It is configured to adaptively control the power output from the dipole and the current dipole.

The present invention also provides a drilling tube telemetry transmitter located within a portion of a drilling tube, the transmitter comprising:
An input for receiving data from at least one transducer (transducer) arranged to sense the parameters of the drilling tube and / or the parameters of the surrounding medium, and arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal comprising said data (Magnetic / current dipole) according to the magnetic dipole, the current dipole arranged to transmit the electromagnetic signal composed of the data, the direction of the drilling pipe part, and the electrical resistivity of the medium around the drilling pipe. A) a control method for adaptively varying the power output from the magnetic dipole and the current tie pole so as to change the output signal.

In one embodiment, the transmitter adaptively converts the power supplied to the magnetic dipole and the current dipole according to the output of the direction sensor and the sensor for detecting the direction of the section of the drilling pipe. It is desirable that the control means be arranged to be variable. Further, the transmitter is configured to adaptively vary the power supplied to the magnetic dipole and the current dipole according to an output of the resistivity sensor and a sensor for sensing an electric resistivity of the partial peripheral medium of the drilling pipe. It is also desirable that the control means be arranged. In another specific means, the control means follows a control signal received from the ground,
The power supplied to the magnetic dipole and the current dipole is adaptively varied. In one embodiment, the transmitter is located adjacent to the transducer, and an input of the transmitter is connected to an output of the one or more transducers. In another embodiment, the input of the transmitter is connected to a receiver.
The receiver has an input that connects to the one or more transducers so as to receive a signal from a remote transmitter. In this way, the provision of a relay link along the drill pipe from the transducer to the ground is possible. It is also possible that the remote transmitter sends a signal to the adaptive transmitter along the drilling pipe. Alternatively, the remote transmitter itself may comprise an adaptive transmitter.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the telemetry transmitter of the present invention is disposed between an upper portion 10 and a lower portion 14 of a drilling pipe (a tip pipe to which a drill bit is attached). The drill bit 12 is joined to the lower end of the lower part 14 of the drilling pipe. The entire outer surface of the drilling pipe has good electrical contact with the surrounding rock formation 16.

The magnetic dipole 24 is connected to the upper part 10 of the excavation pipe through the element 20 and to the lower part 14 of the excavation pipe through the element 22. The magnetic dipole 24 has a ferromagnetic core 26
Which extends in the axial direction of the drilling pipe and has a conductive winding 2
8 covered. Winding 28 is connected to power supply 3 through conductor 30
2 connected. Power supply 32 provides a current that is modulated by data transmitted to the ground in the form of an electromagnetic field. Since the power source 32 is connected to the excavated pipe upper part 10 and the excavated pipe lower part 14 via the lead wires 34a and 34b, the excavated pipe upper part 10 and the excavated pipe lower part 14 form electrodes of the current dipole 38, respectively. The magnetic dipole 24 and the current dipole 38 can be operated individually and, if necessary, at the same time.

The current Ic (see reference numeral 40) of FIG. 1 flows through the conductors or leads 34a and 34b to the respective electrodes of the current dipole 38 and rises in proportion to the electrical conductivity of the formation. If the output from the power supply 32 is a constant power P, the magnetic dipole 24 and the current dipole 3
8 are connected in parallel, the magnetic dipole 24
The current Im flowing through the winding 28 is inversely proportional to Ic.

The telemetry transmitter of FIG. 1 is shown in detail in FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, the upper part 10 of the excavation pipe and the lower part 14 of the excavation pipe are joined by couplings 42 and 44. The drill bit 12 is attached to the lower end of the lower part 14 of the drilling pipe. Other instruments (not shown) for measuring various parameters, such as the power supply 32 and the drilling tube and surrounding rock formations, are located in a power meter storage location 46 formed in the lower portion of the drilling tube 14. The telemetry sensor is connected to the meter's transducer and modulates the current based on the power supply 32 to enable encoding of telemetry data. As for one method of operation, the transmitter can be controlled from the ground by current feedback through the drilling tube itself. This feedback current is detected by a sensor such as a potentiometer connected to the electrodes of the current dipole 38.

The magnetic dipole 24 comprises a set of several rectangular rods 48, which extend axially along the outer surface of the borehole 10. The number of bars 48 may vary, but will likely be in a typical case between 10 and 20 bars. Windings 28 are individually wound on individual bars 48 to function as an electromagnetic transmitter. As a result, each of the bars 48 forms the magnetic dipole 24. This dipole 24
Is covered over its entire length with a protective shield to prevent mechanical damage and mud and water ingress. Each shield has a surface film and a back film that are electrically insulated, and is configured as a set having a length of 0.3 to 1 m. The total length of this shield is 10 m or more. The insulating layer 52 of the shield is also necessary to reduce current loss and to prevent short-circuiting of the coil winding.

In order to prevent the demagnetizing effect, the end of the bar and the coupling 56 are brought close to each other. The shaped coupling 56 is made of soft magnetic material and essentially performs the function of a pole piece. Elements 10 and 52 are made of non-magnetic stainless steel to reduce magnetic losses. The elements 42 and 44 are made of magnetic steel to extend the substantial length of the ferromagnetic material of the bar 48, thereby reducing the power consumption of the transmitter.

The current from the power supply 32 is supplied to the lower terminal 30 of the coil winding 28 through the lead wire 58. Winding 2
8 lead wires (not shown) of the respective upper terminals are connected to the upper part of the drilling pipe, whereby all the magnetic dipoles 28 are energized in parallel.

The upper portion 10 of the drilling tube serves as the upper electrode of the current dipole 38 as described above. The inner surface of the insulating layer 52 and the outer surfaces inside the coupling elements 56 and 42 are covered with an electrical insulating material 62. There is also an intermediate section 66, which is made of a non-conductive material. Accordingly, there is no electrical contact between the excavated pipe upper part 10 and the excavated pipe lower part 14. Electrical contact is between the outer surface of the transmitter and the rock formation 16, and the degree of this contact is enhanced when aqueous drilling mud is present. In practice, the length of the lower part 10 of the drilling pipe is about 10 m or more.

Referring to FIG. 3, the coil of the magnetic dipole is rigidly connected to the shield 52 by an electric insulating material 62 such as a polymer sealing compound. The assembly consisting of a magnetic dipole is fixed by a wedge-shaped clamp 70 along the outer periphery of the upper part of the drilling pipe. A bolt 72 for fixing the clamp is electrically insulated from the clamp 70 and the shield 52.

Referring to FIG. 4, the magnetic core of the magnetic dipole rod comprises a stack of transformer (for transformer) steel laminates, each of which is electrically insulated. For this stack, the width is "B", the height is "H", and the length is "L". The material of the sheet plate 74 is selected on the basis of high saturation magnetization material, high magnetic permeability, low specific loss (specific loss), low magnetostriction, and low cost. The type of electrical (electrical) steel, such as used in large transformers, has a saturation magnetization of up to 2 T, a permeability of 30,000 to 40,000 and a total loss of 1 W / It is less than kg and all are suitable as filling materials.

FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram of the remote measurement transmitter. The power supply 32 includes a turbine generator or battery pack 76 and is connected to a modulator 77 that outputs a pulsed output signal of amplitude U at its output 78. Such modulation is controlled by a control circuit 79 according to telemetry data received from various sensors (not shown). The output of the modulator 77 is connected to the primary winding _{L 1} turns of _{n 1,} the secondary winding _{L 2} turns of _{n 2,} resistor _{R 2} to the step-up transformer 80 equipped with.

The switch 81 is controlled by the control circuit 79 to select the magnetic tie pole 24 and the current dipole 38. This circuit has inputs (terminals) according to the number of sensors used for monitoring the control signals and the like for controlling the excavation drilling process, environmental parameters, and parameters of the telemetry transmitter transmitted from the ground. ) S ₁ ~
S _n There are several. A receiver arranged to receive a control signal from the ground has both a magnetic sensor and a current sensor, and has a magnetic dipole 24 and a current dipole 3.
8 can be controlled separately or simultaneously. In the latter case, switch 81 connects to conductor 30 and conductor 34 in parallel. The transmitter also includes a sensor (not shown) for sensing the direction of the transmitter and for sensing the resistivity of the surrounding rock formation. Therefore, the switch 81 can automatically control the power output from the magnetic dipole 24 and the current dipole 28 by the sensor (not shown) automatically or by a control signal from the ground.

The windings 28 of each magnetic dipole 24 are connected in parallel. The effective resistance Rc and the capacitance C1 between the electrodes 10 and 14 of the current dipole 38 form an impedance Z, which is the magnitude of the current Ic (that is, the magnitude of the magnetic field).
Will be determined. This impedance Z depends on the electrical and dielectric properties of the surrounding formation.

As shown in FIG. 6, during inclined drilling of oil or gas, it is possible to orient the drilling pipe both vertically and horizontally according to existing techniques.

At the vertical position 90, it can be seen that the magnetic flux lines 104 emanating from the magnetic dipole 24 extend significantly in the axial direction of the drilling pipe. On the other hand, the magnetic flux lines from the current dipole 38 are seen to expand greatly in the centrifugal direction / radially from the drilling pipe. Thus, at the vertical position 90, it can be seen that the signal received on the ground 94 is provided almost entirely by the magnetic dipole 24.

However, at the horizontal position 92, the signal received from the current dipole 38 is greater than the signal received from the magnetic dipole 24. The magnetic field diagram shows quantitative features, but does not take into account any existing ferromagnetic mass or electrophysical variations, rock formation characteristics, or variations in the conductivity of normally aqueous or oily drilling mud. I haven't.

At the ground 94, a magnetometer connected to the processor 100 detects the magnetic field. If necessary, one method of operation is to adapt the power output from the magnetic dipole 24 and the current dipole 38 according to the orientation data (digging transmitter) received by the transmitter and the detailed data of the resistivity of the surrounding rock formation 16. It is also possible to send a control signal back to the transmitter in the drilling pipe to make it variable by control. It should be noted that the magnetic field received from the transmitter decreases by 1 / r ³ for the magnetic dipole and 1 / R ² for the electric dipole 38 depending on the distance r from the transmitter axis.

During the work of the analysis / model making performed by the telemetry remote measurement transmitter prototype, a number of events became apparent.

In the first stage in the vertical direction (reference numeral 90 in FIG. 6), the magnitude of the magnetic signal transmitted from the telemetry telemetry transmitter is mainly determined by the source part of the magnetic dipole. ). B _a = M / 2πr ³ [Wb / m ² ] ‥‥‥‥‥ (1) M: Total magnetic moment of magnetic dipole r: Distance from the source

The magnetic moment of a uniformly magnetized object is the product of its volume and the magnetic induction in the volume, as shown in equation (2) below. M = VB [Wb. m] ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ (2) V: Volume of magnetized material B: Value of magnetic induction in magnetized object Therefore, the magnetic field from the magnetic transmitter at a certain distance is maximized. When you do, its magnetic moment must be maximized, which maximizes the volume of the material,
It means that it must be magnetized as much as possible. The value of the magnetization depends on the magnetic permeability of the magnetized material and the externally applied / supplied magnetic field as shown in the following equation (2). B = μ ₀ μH ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ (3) μ ₀ : magnetic permeability of free space μ: magnetic permeability of magnetized material H: magnetic force of supplied magnetic field

This external magnetizing magnetic field is usually formed by applying a current to a solenoid such as a winding wire. The magnetic field in the solenoid through which the current I flows is given by the following equation (4). This field obviously depends only on the amplitude of the current and the number of turns of the coil. B = μ ₀ μNI / L ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ (4) N: Number of turns L: Length of solenoid

The magnetization depends not only on the properties of the magnetized material but also on its shape, and the “effective” permeability of the magnetized material is
It is given by the following equation (5). μ _eff = μ / [1 + n (μ−1)] ‥‥‥‥ (5) n: so-called “demagnetizing coefficient (factor of demagnetization)”

The general rule is that the larger the ratio of the length to the radius of one object, the easier it is to magnetize. The analytical answer regarding the demagnetizing factor (demagnetization factor) of the oblong body is as shown in the following equation (6). n = [(1-e ² ) / e ³ ] [tanh ⁻¹ (e) −e] ‥‥‥ (6) where “a” in e = (1-b ² / a ² ) ^−1/2 And "b", a is the long half axis of the ellipsoid and b is the short half axis of the ellipsoid.

In the horizontal direction of the telemetry transmitter, the magnetic signal on the ground is the sum of the magnetic dipole and the current dipole, as shown in the following equation (7). B _e = M / 4πr ³ + (μ ₀ / 4π) (Id / r ² ) ‥‥‥ (7) I: Current d: Physical length of current dipole

Experimental verification of the performance of the telemetry telemetry transmitter was performed using a sensitive low temperature magnetometer under typical environmental noise (see FIG. 7). Measurements were made with a telemetry telemetry transmitter model (magnetic dipole and current dipole) with the following design. a: Length of magnetic dipole part 2.4 m b: Magnetized rod (dimensions: 5 × 3.5 × 2400 mm) (12 rods in total) placed around a steel tube (diameter 30 mm) that withstands stress c: Effectiveness of the rod Permeability 2000 (measured at 1.5T magnetization) d: Magnetized solenoid coil 3000 turns / m, diameter 0.2
7 mm conductor, each coil has a resistance value of 40 and measured inductance (at the assembly) is 300 mH e: Each current dipole electrode has a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 0.5
It consists of three embedded copper tubes connected in parallel in mm. f: Length of current dipole 20 mg g: Power supply power 12 V, 10 A, 1-500 Hz Opposite phase "Yes" or "No" to form a rectangular signal

The magnetic efficiency of the magnetic dipole in the telemetry remote measurement transmitter model was measured to be “7 × 10 ^−4”.
Wb · m ”. This source forms a magnetic field signal with a frequency of 5 Hz and a peak-to-peak value of 56 pT, and a distance of 10 p.
At 0 m, the signal was detected by a cryogenic magnetometer as depicted on the left side of FIG. The actual size of the magnetic dipole can be five times as large as this. Then, the magnetic efficiency becomes 125
Since it is doubled, it has a data communication capacity of 3000 m or more. The current dipole in the telemetry telemetry transmitter model emits a current with a peak-to-peak value of 200 mA.
As shown on the right, a signal of 45 pT is formed at a distance of 100 m. A current dipole with an effective length of 100 m formed by a drilling pipe can emit a current of 1 A to a stratum having a wide range of electric conductivity.
Provide equivalent or greater communication distance. This combined / combined telemetry telemetry transmitter provides a sufficient signal level to the magnetic telemetry in any direction of the transmitter.

The experimental measurements mentioned were specifically designed for the evaluation of data telemetry from drilling equipment tools through the formation. However, this telemetry telemetry transmitter can also be used for data communication in other fields of application, eg for remote monitoring of drilled wells / borewells with and without case, eg conventional electrical wells U.S. Pat. No. 3,973,188 using well logging sensors, U.S. Pat. No. 3,052,836 for low sea level exploration and drilling, for acoustic and magnetic well / well logging, position recognition and direction steering of drilling bottom objects from the ground, and Electromagnetic prospecting of controlled sources. In other words, the essence of the present invention does not change even if the telemetry telemetry transmitter is used as a transmitter for disparate information.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a drilling pipe including a telemetry transmitter of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the telemetry transmitter in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the drilling pipe telemetry transmitter in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a magnetic dipole core assembly part of the telemetry transmitter in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the remote measurement transmitter in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the crust showing magnetic fields (different drilling directions) emitted from the drilling pipe telemetry transmitter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a graph of experimental data obtained with a reduced model of the drilling tube telemetry transmitter in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Upper part of drilling pipe 12 Drill bit 14 Lower part of drilling pipe 16 Peripheral rock layer 20 element 22 element 24 Magnetic dipole 26 Magnetic core 28 Conductive winding 30 Conductor 32 Power supply 34a Lead 34b Lead 38 Current dipole 40 Current Ic 42 Coupling 44 Coupling 46 Power meter storage location 48 Bar 52 Insulating layer 56 Coupling 58 Lead wire 62 Insulation material 66 Intermediate part 70 Clamp 72 Bolt 74 Sheet plate 76 Battery pack 77 Modulator 78 Output 79 Control circuit 80 Transformer 81 Switch 90 Vertical Directional position 92 Horizontal position 94 Ground 100 Processor 104 Magnetic flux lines

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuri Zurarefev UK S.A. 17 EPS Ongy Pentlechweiss Penighan 24 F-term (Reference) 2F073 AA01 AA19 AA21 AB02 AB12 BB01 BC02 CC01 FF01 5K012 AB02 AB10 AC02 AC08 AC09 BA02 5K048 DC01 BA35 EB02 EB10 HA04

Claims (18)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A method for transmitting an electromagnetic signal comprising data obtained from at least one transducer located in a downhole, according to an orientation of a transmitter located in a part in the downhole, and Adaptively controlling a power output by a magnetic dipole and a current dipole of a transmitter located in the portion of the drilling pipe in accordance with an electrical resistivity of a medium around the portion of the drilling pipe. . 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power output by the magnetic dipole is increased when the housing of the transmitter in the drilling pipe is vertical or adjacent to that direction. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power output by the magnetic dipole is increased when the resistivity of the medium surrounding the transmitter housing in the drilling pipe is a predetermined value or more. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the power output by the current dipole is reduced or suppressed. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power output by the current dipole is increased when the transmitter housing in the drilling pipe is horizontal or adjacent thereto. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power output by the current dipole is increased when the resistivity of the medium surrounding the transmitter housing in the borehole is at or below a predetermined value. . 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the power output by the magnetic dipole is reduced or suppressed. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein power output by the electric dipole source and the magnetic dipole source is controlled by transmitting a control signal from the ground to a transmitter. 9. Sensing a direction of the portion in the drilling tube and an electrical resistivity of a medium surrounding the portion in the drilling tube,
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the power output by the magnetic dipole and the current dipole is adaptively controlled in accordance with the sensed direction and resistivity. 10. A transmitter located at a portion of a drilling tube, wherein at least one of the transmitters is arranged to sense parameters of the drilling tube, parameters of its surrounding medium, and / or one or both of them. An input for receiving data obtained from the transducer, a magnetic dipole arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal composed of the data, an electric dipole arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal composed of the data, Telemetry transmission in a drilling pipe having a control means for adaptively varying the power output from the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole according to the orientation of the part and the electrical resistivity of the medium surrounding the part in the drilling pipe vessel. 11. A power supply for a magnetic dipole and an electric dipole is arranged to be adaptively variable according to a sensor for sensing a direction of the portion in a drilling pipe and an output of the direction sensor. The drilling tube telemetry transmitter according to claim 10, further comprising the control means. 12. An electric power supplied to said magnetic dipole and said electric dipole according to a sensor for sensing an electric resistivity of a medium surrounding said portion in said drilling pipe and an output of said resistivity sensor. The drilling pipe telemetry transmitter according to claim 10 or 11, which is used in the control method arranged so as to be variable. 13. The control means according to claim 1, wherein said control means is arranged to adaptively vary the power supplied to the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole in accordance with a control signal from the ground.
The drilling pipe remote measurement transmitter according to 0. 14. The drilling tube telemetry transmitter of claim 10, wherein said input is connected to said transducers. 15. The drilling tube telemetry transmission of claim 10, further comprising another input connected to said transducer, wherein the receiver is connected to a receiver for receiving a signal from a remote transmitter. vessel. 16. An input in connection with at least one transducer positioned to sense one or both of a drilling tube parameter and a surrounding media parameter, wherein the first transmitter is located at the bottom of the drilling tube. A first transmitter comprising the transmitter arranged to transmit the output data of the first, and a second transmitter located at the top of the drilling tube, for receiving data transmitted by the first transmitter. Receiver, a magnetic dipole arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal composed of the data, a current dipole arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal composed of the data, and a direction in which the upper part of the excavation pipe is oriented. And adapting the power output from the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole according to the electrical resistivity of the medium surrounding the top of the drilling pipe Drilling pipe telemetry system composed of the second transmitter with control means for varying. 17. The drilling tube telemetry system according to claim 16, wherein said first transmitter is arranged such that a signal transmitting said data is transmitted along said drilling tube to said receiver of a second transmitter. . 18. A magnetic dipole, wherein the first transmitter is arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal comprising the data, an electric dipole arranged to transmit an electromagnetic signal comprising the data, and the excavation. 17. The drilling pipe remote according to claim 16, further comprising control means for adaptively changing the power output from the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole according to the direction of the lower part of the pipe and the electrical resistivity of the medium surrounding the lower part of the drilling pipe. Measurement system.