JP2001258197A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a motor which can be assembled in a short time and besides easily without needing an expensive facility. SOLUTION: A pair of brush holders 30 and 31 are inserted into a motor housing from outside an end frame 4 by means of base insertion holes 22 and 23 and spring part insertion holes 26 and 27. The bases 30b and 31b of brush holder pieces 30 and 31 are guided to the positions opposed to the commutator 10a of an armature 10, along the slits 18 and 19 made in a retaining member 14, through the base insertion holes 22 and 23 of the end frame 4. The plate springs 30c and 31c of the brush holder pieces 30 and 31 are guided to the positions where brushes 36 and 37 elastically contact with the commutator 10, along the peripheral face of a fixing member 11b, after being inserted into the spring part insertion holes 26 and 27 of the end frame 4 in condition that they are opened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor, and more particularly, to a motor structure that can be easily assembled.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the process of assembling a DC motor, first, a bearing for supporting one end of a rotating shaft of an armature is assembled to an end frame of the motor, and a pair of leaf springs serving as a brush holder are assembled. Next, the armature is assembled to the end frame to which the bearing and the leaf spring are assembled. More specifically, one end of the rotating shaft of the armature is mounted on the bearing by expanding the pair of leaf springs in a direction away from each other and interposing a commutator of the armature between the expanded pair of leaf springs. I do. When the assembly of the armature to the end frame is completed, finally, the assembly process of the DC motor is completed by assembling the yoke to the armature.

[0003]

However, in the assembling process, in the operation process of assembling the armature to the end frame, it is necessary to assemble the pair of leaf springs while expanding them in a direction away from each other. In this expansion work, the armature is interposed between the pair of leaf springs, so that the leaf spring has to be expanded while avoiding the armature that is in the way. Therefore, the operation step of expanding the pair of leaf springs in the direction away from each other is a very complicated and time-consuming step, and the equipment for the operation is also expensive.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide a motor which can be assembled in a short time and easily without requiring expensive equipment. It is in.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a motor housing is formed by a yoke and an end frame, and a motor in which an armature is rotatably housed in the housing is formed by bending each other. A pair of brush holder pieces each forming a leaf spring portion for fixing a brush and a base portion for connecting and supporting the leaf spring portions, and a guide slit for disposing the base portions of the pair of brush holder pieces at a commutator position of the armature are formed. A holding member fixed to the motor housing and a pair of first insertion holes formed in the end frame and communicating with a guide slit of the holding member to guide the bases of the pair of brush holder pieces to the guide slit; Formed on the end frame, each leaf spring portion is expanded against the base of the pair of brush holder pieces against elastic force, and the plate A pair of second insertion holes through which the screw portion is inserted into the motor housing; and a pair of second insertion holes provided inside the end frame or the holding member, and expanded against the elastic force respectively inserted through the second insertion holes. The gist of the invention is that the opened leaf spring portion is provided with a guide member that guides the brushes fixed to the leaf spring portion to positions where the brushes come into elastic contact with the commutators.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the motor according to the first aspect, the pair of brush holder pieces are integrally formed with an external terminal portion projecting from a first insertion hole of the end frame. The gist is that it has been done.

[0007] The invention described in claim 3 is the first or second invention.
The gist of the present invention is that, in the motor described in (1), the brush holder piece is formed with a locking claw that elastically sandwiches both side portions of the holding member in the brush holder piece insertion direction.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the motor according to the first aspect, the guide member also serves as a fixing member that supports a bearing member provided on the end frame or the holding member. Make a summary.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the motor of the first aspect, the holding member is fixed to an end frame. (Operation) According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pair of brush holder pieces is configured such that the first insertion hole and the second insertion hole formed in the end frame form a motor from outside the end frame (motor housing). It can be inserted into the housing. At this time, the base of the brush holder piece is guided along the guide slit formed in the holding member through the first insertion hole of the end frame, and is arranged and fixed at the commutator position of the armature by the holding member. . On the other hand, after the leaf spring portion of the brush holder piece is inserted into the second insertion hole formed in the end frame in a state of being expanded with respect to the base portion, a position at which the brush comes into elastic contact with the commutator by the guide member. You will be guided to

That is, when the leaf spring portions of the pair of brush holder pieces are expanded and assembled, there is no intervening object (armature) between the pair of leaf spring portions, so that the assembling operation is easy. It can be performed in a short time. In addition, the equipment for that purpose is also cheap.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the external terminal portion is formed integrally with the brush holder piece, the number of components can be reduced and the assembling process can be reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the brush holder piece is sandwiched and fixed to the holding member at a position opposed to the commutator by the locking claw. In addition, since the locking claw elastically clamps both sides of the holding member in the brush holder piece insertion direction, even if there is an error in the dimensions of the brush holder piece or the holding member, the locking claw is elastically deformed to absorb the error. I do.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the guide member also serves as the fixing member for supporting the bearing member, the number of components can be reduced and the assembling process can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the holding member is fixed to the end frame having a simple structure,
The assembly is easier than assembling the yoke with a complicated structure.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the DC motor 1, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG.

In FIG. 1, a motor housing 2 of a DC motor 1 comprises a bottomed cylindrical yoke 3 and an end frame 4. The yoke 3 has a through hole 5 formed at the bottom thereof,
A bearing 6 is fixed in the through hole 5. Also yoke 3
On the inner side surface, a pair of right and left magnets 8 in FIG.
9 is fixed.

The end frame 4 is fixed to the opening of the yoke 3, and accommodates the armature 10 in a space formed by the end frame 4 and the yoke 3. A bearing 11 is fixedly provided at a center position of the inner side surface 4 a of the end frame 4. The bearing 11 includes a bearing 11a that rotatably supports the rotating shaft 12 of the armature 10, and a fixing member 11b that internally supports the bearing 11a. By fixing the upper surface of the fixing member 11b to the end frame 4, the bearing 11 is fixed to the end frame 4. The rotating shaft 12 of the armature 10 is rotatably supported by the bearing 11 (bearing 11a) and the bearing 6 fixed to the yoke 3.

The outer shape of the fixing member 11b is tapered so that its outer diameter becomes smaller toward the lower side. The outer diameter of the lowermost portion of the fixing member 11 b having the smallest outer diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the commutator 10 a of the armature 10. In the present embodiment, the fixing member 11b is used as a guide member.

Also, on the inner surface 4a of the end frame 4,
A holding member 14 made of an insulating material is fixed. As shown in FIG. 3, the holding member 14 has an annular base 15 whose outer shape is similar to the outer shape of the end frame 4, and a pair of holding members 14 extending downward from inner surfaces on both left and right sides of the annular base 15. The supporting portions 16 and 17 are formed. When the annular base 15 is fixed to the inner surface 4 a of the end frame 4, the entire holding member 14 is fixed to the end frame 4. The outer shape of the annular base 15 is formed slightly larger than the shape of the opening of the yoke 3, and the end frame 4 is fixed to the yoke by press-fitting the annular base 15 into the opening of the yoke 3. It has become.

The pair of support portions 16 and 17 have step surfaces 16a and 17a, respectively, in which the insides of the sides opposite to each other are notched in the vertical direction. Then, the slits 18 and 19 are respectively provided over the step surfaces 16a and 17a in the vertical direction.
It is formed perpendicular to a. Locking recesses 20 and 21 are formed on the lower surfaces of the pair of support portions 16 and 17 from the center of the slits 18 and 19 outward.

The end frame 4 located above the slits 18 and 19 formed in the pair of support portions 16 and 17, respectively.
Are formed with base insertion holes 22, 23 as first insertion holes communicating with the slits 18, 19, respectively. Claw guide grooves 24 and 25 are formed in central portions of the base insertion holes 22 and 23, respectively, and are opened outward. Also, the base insertion holes 22 and 2 of the end frame 4 are provided.
Spring end insertion holes 26 and 27 as second insertion holes are formed at one end of 3, i.e., end portions on the side of the step surfaces 16a and 17a, in a direction orthogonal to the base insertion holes 22 and 23.
The brush guide grooves 28, 2, which are expanded outward, respectively, are provided at the tips of the spring insertion holes 26, 27.
9 are formed. 4 and 5, the brush guide grooves 28 and 29 formed in the end frame 4 are located outside the bearing 11 (fixed member 11b) fixed to the inner side surface 4a of the end frame 4. It is formed so that it may be located.

The base insertion holes 22 and 23 and the spring insertion holes 26 and 27 are respectively provided with brush holder pieces 30, 31.
Is inserted. The brush holder pieces 30, 31 are formed by stamping a metal plate,
a, 31a, bases 30b, 31b, leaf springs 30c, 3
1c. The electrode terminal portions 30a and 31a form terminals whose distal end portions project outward from the end frame 4 and are supplied with a DC power supply voltage. Electrode terminal 3
Upper locking claws 32, 33 protruding diagonally outward are formed at 0a, 31a by cutting and raising the upper central portions thereof to form lower ends and project obliquely outward.

The bases 30b and 31b have electrode terminals 30a and 31a connected to the center thereof, and are accommodated and supported by slits 18 and 19 formed in the pair of supports 16 and 17, respectively. . In bases 30b and 31b,
The central locking portion is cut and raised to form lower locking claws 34 and 35 whose top ends are upward and project obliquely outward.

When the bases 30b, 31b are received and supported in the slits 18, 19, the lower locking claws 34, 3
5 engages with the locking recesses 20 and 21, and the upper locking claws 32 and 33 engage with the upper surfaces of the support portions 16 and 17 to fix the brush holder pieces 30 and 31 to the holding member 14. It has become.

The leaf spring portions 30c, 31c are
The brushes 36, 3 are formed so as to extend from one end of the base 31b, that is, the ends on the side of the step surfaces 16a, 17a.
7 is fixed. The leaf spring portions 30c, 31c are bent at acute angles to the sides facing each other with respect to the base portions 30b, 31b, and when the brush holder pieces 30, 31 are fixed to the holding member 14, the brush 3
6 and 37 come into elastic contact with the commutator 10 a of the armature 10.

Next, the assembly of the DC motor 1 configured as described above will be described. First, the armature 10 is mounted on the bearing 6.
Is arranged in the yoke 3 so as to be rotatable. Then, the end frame 4 is attached to the opening of the yoke 3. At this time, the rotating shaft 12 of the armature 10 on the end frame 4 side is mounted on a bearing 11 a of a bearing 11 fixed to the end frame 4.
1a so as to be rotatable. That is, the yoke 3
The armature 10 is assembled in the motor housing 2 including the end frame 4 and the armature 10.

Next, the brush holder pieces 30, 31 are assembled in the motor housing 2 in which the armature 10 is built. First, the base 3 of the pair of brush holder pieces 30, 31
0b and 31b are inserted into the base insertion holes 22 and 2 of the end frame 4.
The armature 10 is guided to the position facing the commutator 10a of the armature 10 along the slits 18 and 19 formed in the holding member 14 via the respective members 3. This base 30b, 31b
When the guide is guided to a position facing the commutator 10a, the lower engaging claws 34, 35 formed on the bases 30b, 31b
Is bent toward the bases 30b and 31b against the elastic force of itself and passes through the slits 18 and 19. And the base 30
When the b and 31b are guided to a position facing the commutator 10a, as shown in FIG.
It engages with the locking recesses 20, 21 that reach and open at 0,21. At this time, the upper locking claws 32, 33 formed on the electrode terminal portions 30 a, 31 a of the brush holder pieces 30, 31 engage with the upper surface of the holding member 14. Therefore, this lower locking claw 3
The bases 30b, 31b are securely fixed at positions facing the commutator 10a by engaging the upper locking claws 32, 33 with the holding members 14, 35.

On the other hand, the base 3 of the brush holder pieces 30, 31
0b and 31b are inserted into the base insertion holes 22 and 2 of the end frame 4.
When the guide is guided along the slits 18 and 19 formed in the holding member 14 through the brush holder pieces 3, respectively.
The leaf spring portions 30 c and 31 c of 0 and 31 are inserted into spring portion insertion holes 26 and 27 formed in the end frame 4.
At this time, the leaf spring portions 30c and 31c are expanded against the elastic force and inserted into the spring portion insertion holes 26 and 27, respectively. At this time, the brushes 36, 37 fixed to the leaf spring portions 30c, 31c pass through the brush guide grooves 28, 29.

When the expanded leaf spring portions 30c, 31c are inserted into the spring portion insertion holes 26, 27, the brushes 36, 37
Is, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner surface 4a of the end frame 4.
Is guided downward while elastically slidingly contacting the outer peripheral surface of the fixing member 11b fixed to the fixing member 11b. At this time, since the outer shape of the fixing member 11b is tapered, the interval between the pair of brushes 36 and 37 facing each other gradually decreases as the fixing member 11b is guided downward. Eventually, the pair of brushes 36 and 37 become the commutator 10a.
And is in a state of being pressed against the outer peripheral surface. When the bases 30b and 31b are fixed, as shown in FIG.
As a result, the commutator 10a is brought into elastic contact with the commutator 10a with respect to the brush holder a, and the assembly of the brush holder pieces 30, 31 ends.

Next, the DC motor 1 constructed as described above
Are described below. (1) According to the present embodiment, the pair of brush holder pieces 30 and 31 are attached to the motor housing 2 from outside the end frame 4 by the base insertion holes 22 and 23 and the spring insertion holes 26 and 27 formed in the end frame 4. Can be inserted through

At this time, the bases 30b, 31b of the brush holder pieces 30, 31 are connected to the base insertion holes 2 of the end frame 4.
Slit 1 formed in holding member 14 via 2 and 23
The armature 10 is guided along positions 8 and 19 to a position facing the commutator 10a of the armature 10.

On the other hand, the leaf spring portions 30c and 31c of the brush holder pieces 30 and 31 are inserted into the spring portion insertion holes 26 and 27 formed in the end frame 4 in an expanded state, and then, are fixed to the fixing member 11b. Brushes 36 and 37 along the outer peripheral surface
Are guided to a position where they come into elastic contact with the commutator 10a.

Therefore, a pair of brush holder pieces 30, 31
When expanding and assembling the leaf spring portions 30c, 31c, there is no obstacle (armature) between the pair of leaf spring portions 30c, 31c, so that the assembling work is easy and short. I can do it. In addition, the equipment for that purpose is also cheap.

(2) According to the present embodiment, the brush holder pieces 30, 31 are composed of the base portions 30b, 31b and the leaf spring portion 30.
c, 31c, the electrode terminal portions 30a, 3 projecting outward from the end frame 4 and supplying DC power supply voltages, respectively.
1a was formed integrally. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, and the number of assembling steps can be reduced by not providing a dedicated electrode terminal.

(3) According to the present embodiment, the brush holder pieces 30, 31 can be securely held and fixed to the holding member 14 by the upper locking claws 32, 33 and the lower locking claws 34, 35. . Moreover, the upper and lower locking claws 32 to
Since 35 is cut-and-raised molding, it can be bent, and has a structure in which both sides of the holding member 14 in the insertion direction are elastically sandwiched. Therefore, the brush holder pieces 30, 31 or the holding member 1
Even if there is an error in the dimension of 4, the error can be absorbed by the elastic deformation of the upper locking claws 32, 33 and the lower locking claws 34, 35.

(4) According to the present embodiment, the brush 36,
A guide member for guiding 37 to the position of the commutator 10a is replaced by an outer peripheral surface of a fixed member 11b that internally supports the bearing 11a. Therefore, the number of parts can be reduced, and the number of assembling steps can be reduced by not providing the dedicated guide member.

(5) According to the present embodiment, the holding member 14
Is fixed to the inner surface 4a of the flat plate end frame 4, so that the assembling work of the holding member 14 is easier than the fixing operation of the holding member 14 to the inner surface of the bottomed cylindrical yoke 3. Becomes

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, but may be carried out as follows. In the above embodiment, the brushes 36 and 37 are connected to the commutator 10a.
Is used instead of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed member 11b that internally supports the bearing 11a, but this may be implemented by providing a dedicated guide member.

In the above embodiment, the brush holder piece 3
0, 31 are upper locking claws, 32, 33 and lower locking claws 3
4 and 35 are provided one by one, but two or more may be provided and implemented. The brush holder pieces 30, 31 are more reliably fixed.

In the above embodiment, the brush holder piece 3
0, 31 are upper locking claws, 32, 33 and lower locking claws 3
It was made to pinch and fix at 4, 35, but the upper locking claw,
32, 33 and the lower locking claws 34, 35 may be omitted and press-fitted or fixed with an adhesive.

In the above embodiment, the holding member 14 is fixed to the end frame 4, but may be fixed to the yoke 3. In the above embodiment, the bearing 11 is fixed to the end frame 4, but may be provided to the holding member 14. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example. The holding member 14 shown in FIG. 6 is a plate-shaped substrate 41 similar to the outer shape of the end frame 4 instead of the annular base 15 having the outer shape similar to the outer shape of the end frame 4 described in the above embodiment. And the substrate 41
The support portion 1 is directed downward from both left and right sides of the
6, 17 are extended. Further, by fixing the substrate 41 to the inner side surface 4 a of the end frame 4, the entire holding member 14 is fixed to the end frame 4.

Then, the fixing member 11b is integrally formed at the center position of the substrate 41. Then, cuts are made in the fixing member 11b at equal intervals. The bearing 11 is formed by mounting the bearing 11a in the notched fixing member 11b. Further, the base 41 has a base insertion hole 22 formed in the end frame 4.
23, claw guide holes 24 and 25, spring portion insertion holes 26 and 27,
First and second insertion holes 42, 43 for guiding the brush holder pieces 30, 31 inserted through the brush guide grooves 28, 29 to the fixing member 11b of the bearing 11 are provided therethrough. Therefore, even with this configuration, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

[0043]

According to the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, there is an excellent effect that assembly can be performed in a short time and easily without requiring expensive equipment.

In addition, according to the second and fourth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the number of components and the number of assembling steps. In addition, according to the third aspect of the invention, it is possible to more securely fix, and even if there is an error in the dimension of the component, the error can be absorbed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a DC motor.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a main part of the DC motor.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining an assembling relationship between a brush holder piece and a commutator.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a process in which a brush is guided.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of a holding member.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: DC motor, 2: motor housing, 3: yoke,
4 ... End frame, 4a ... Inner surface, 6 ... Bearing, 8, 9
... magnet, 10 ... armature, 10a ... commutator, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bearing, 11a ... Bearing, 11b ... Fixing member as a guide member, 12 ... Rotating shaft, 14 ... Holding member, 15 ...
Annular base, 16, 17 ... support, 16a, 17a ... step surface, 18, 19 ... slit, 20, 21 ... locking recess, 2
2, 23 ... base insertion hole as first insertion hole, 24, 2
5: Claw guide groove, 26, 27: Spring portion insertion hole as second insertion hole, 28, 29: Brush guide groove, 30, 31: Brush holder piece, 30a, 31a: Electrode terminal portion, 30b,
31b: base, 30c, 31c: leaf spring, 32, 33
... upper locking claws, 34, 35 ... lower locking claws, 36, 37 ...
brush.

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5H605 AA07 AA08 BB05 CC02 CC07 EA02 EA11 EA21 EB06 EB17 EC07 EC14 EC15 GG03 GG07 GG18 5H613 AA01 AA02 BB04 BB16 BB20 BB26 BB37 GA14 GA15 GA16 GA17 GB01 BB09 AGG13 GG05 LL02 LL03 LL07 LL09

Claims (5)

[Claims] A motor housing (2) is formed by a yoke (3) and an end frame (4), and a motor in which an armature (10) is rotatably accommodated in the housing (2) is formed to be mutually bent. (30c, 31c) and the leaf springs (30c, 3c) for fixing the brushes (36, 37).
1c), a pair of brush holder pieces (30, 31) forming bases (30b, 31b) for connection and support; and a base (30) of the pair of brush holder pieces (30, 31).
b, 31b) is the commutator (10a) of the armature (10).
A guide slit (18, 19) is formed at a position, and a holding member (1) fixed to the motor housing (2) is formed.
4) and the bases (30b, 3) of the pair of brush holder pieces (30, 31) formed in the end frame (4) and communicating with the guide slits (18, 19) of the holding member (14).
1b), a pair of first insertion holes (22, 23) for guiding the guide slits (18, 19), and a pair of brush holder pieces (30, 31) formed in the end frame (4). The respective leaf springs (30c, 3b) resist elastic force against the bases (30b, 31b).
1c), a pair of second insertion holes (26, 27) for inserting the leaf spring portions (30c, 31c) into the motor housing (2), and the end frame (4) or the holding member. The leaf spring portions (30c, 31c) provided inside the (14) and expanded against the elastic force respectively inserted through the second insertion holes (26, 27) are attached to the leaf spring portions. (30c, 31
c) brushes (36, 37) fixed to the commutator (1).
And a guide member (11b) for guiding each of the guide members (0a) to a position where they come into contact with each other. 2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the pair of brush holder pieces (30, 31) have external terminals protruding from first insertion holes (22, 23) of the end frame (4). A motor wherein the portions (30a, 31a) are formed integrally. 3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the brush holder piece (30, 31) has a holding member (1).
4) The motor according to 4), wherein locking claws (32 to 35) for elastically holding both sides in the brush holder piece inserting direction are formed. 4. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the guide member (11b) is connected to the end frame (4).
Alternatively, a bearing member (11) provided on the holding member (14) may be used.
A motor, which also serves as a fixing member for supporting a). 5. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the holding member is fixed to an end frame.