JP2001200093A - Waste plastic treating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste plastic treating equipment which can increase the flowability of a molten plastic to enhance the treatment efficiency while maintaining a high energy efficiency and also can obtain a cracked petroleum of high quality. SOLUTION: This waste plastic treating equipment 40 has a pyrolysis plant 10. This pyrolysis plant 10 has an outer cylinder 11 which can be heated in a predetermined temperature distribution in the longer direction and an inner cylinder 13 rotatably arranged within the outer cylinder 11. At one end of the inner cylinder 13, an opening for introducing waste plastics is provided, and at the other end of the inner cylinder 13, a discharge opening 13d is provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste plastic processing apparatus for removing harmful chlorine contained in waste plastic to convert waste plastic into a solid fuel or oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When converting waste plastics into solid fuel or oil, it is necessary to remove harmful chlorine contained in the waste plastics and detoxify the waste plastics. If such a detoxification process is not performed, not only chlorine gas is generated when the generated solid fuel and oil are burned, but also highly toxic substances such as dioxin may be generated. The detoxification treatment can be performed by thermally decomposing waste plastic to release hydrogen chloride.

A conventional pyrolysis apparatus for performing such a treatment is described in, for example, JP-A-8-112580. FIG. 3 schematically shows a thermal decomposition apparatus disclosed in JP-A-8-112580.

In this pyrolysis apparatus, first, composite waste is reduced and pyrolyzed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or more and 300 ° C. or less in a first rotary kiln 1 to selectively remove halogens such as chlorine from plastics in the composite waste. (First step).

Subsequently, the composite waste from which the halogen content has been selectively removed is transferred to a second rotary kiln 2 arranged in series with the first rotary kiln 1 (second step).

Thereafter, the composite waste is reduced and pyrolyzed at 550 ° C. or higher and 650 ° C. or lower in the second rotary kiln 2 to be decomposed and recovered into a cracked gas, a cracked oil and a metal-rich residue (third step).

[0007]

The inventors of the present invention have obtained the following knowledge while trying to determine the optimum temperatures of the first rotary kiln 1 and the second rotary kiln 2 respectively.

That is, the heating temperature of the first step is 200 ° C.
At 300 ° C, the fluidity of the molten plastic is low,
Although it is difficult to carry out the thermal decomposition efficiently, if the temperature is uniformly exceeded, the energy efficiency is reduced. On the other hand, the heating temperature of the second step
At 650 ° C., the proportion of heavy oil in the oil quality of the cracked oil increases, but if the heating is kept uniformly below that temperature, sufficient thermal cracking treatment cannot be performed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to improve the flowability of molten plastic to increase the processing efficiency and to obtain a high-quality cracked oil while maintaining high energy efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste plastic processing apparatus capable of performing such processing.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an outer cylinder which can be heated at a predetermined temperature distribution in a longitudinal direction, an inner cylinder rotatably disposed inside the outer cylinder, and an inner cylinder provided at one end of the inner cylinder. A waste plastic processing apparatus comprising: a pyrolysis device having a waste plastic input port provided and a discharge port provided at the other end of the inner cylinder.

According to the present invention, since the outer cylinder can be heated at a predetermined temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction, for example, thermal decomposition of the input waste plastic is started at a low temperature, and the waste plastic is discharged with the rotation of the inner cylinder. Thermal decomposition can proceed while moving the plastic to a high temperature region. For this reason, while being excellent in the energy efficiency in a thermal decomposition process, the fluidity of a molten plastic is improved and the efficiency of the thermal decomposition process can be improved.
Since excessive heating is effectively prevented, a high-quality cracked oil can be obtained.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a waste plastic processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the waste plastic processing apparatus 40 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes an outer cylinder 11 and an inner cylinder 13 rotatably disposed inside the outer cylinder 11 via bearings 12a and 12b. And a pyrolysis device 10 having

The inner cylinder 13 is entirely cylindrical and has a tapered portion 13t and a small diameter portion 13s at both ends. The bearings 12a and 12b support the inner cylinder 13 at the small diameter portions 13s at both ends. One end of both ends of the inner cylinder 13 is open, and the other end is closed.

A drive motor 14 is provided on the closed end side of the inner cylinder 13.
Are connected, and the inner cylinder 1 is
Numeral 3 rotates slowly. A plurality of outlets 13d for discharging the molten plastic (residue) and the decomposition gas (oil gas and desalinated gas) into the outer cylinder 11 are formed in the tapered portion 13t on the closed end side.

On the other hand, on the open end side of the inner cylinder 13, a waste plastic charging pipe 15 is inserted with a small gap. This gap is set so as to allow rotation of the inner cylinder 13 with respect to the waste plastic charging pipe 15. The waste plastic charging pipe 15 is fixed to the outer cylinder 11.

In this case, the waste plastic charging pipe 15 is substantially L-shaped, a horizontal portion 15h is inserted substantially parallel into the inner cylinder 13, and a horizontal pusher member 1 is inserted into an elbow portion 15e.
5p, and a first valve 15x and a second valve 15y are provided in the vertical portion 15v. The upper end of the vertical portion 15v is opened as a waste plastic input port 15i. A transporter 32 for the waste plastic 31 is disposed above the waste plastic inlet 15i. Carrier 3
2 can be constituted by a belt conveyor or the like, for example.
Further, the first valve 15x and the second valve 15 of the vertical portion 15v
An inert gas replacement device 16 for introducing an inert gas is connected between the gas supply device and the gas supply device y.

The outer cylinder 11 has a tapered portion 13t of the inner cylinder 13.
In this case, three gas passages 21a, 21b and 21c are formed corresponding to the central region (large diameter portion). The gas passages 21 a, 21 b, and 21 c are sequentially arranged in the longitudinal direction of the outer cylinder 11, and each is formed in a substantially ring shape surrounding the outer cylinder 11.

In each of the gas passages 21a, 21b, 21c,
Gas pipes 22a, 22b, 22c for introducing a gas for heating at a predetermined temperature to the gas passages 21a, 21b, 21c communicate with the gas pipes 22a, 22b, 22c, respectively.
2c is provided with gas supply valves 23a, 23b and 23c, respectively.

By changing the temperature of the gas introduced from each gas pipe 22a, 22b, 22c into each gas passage 21a, 21b, 21c, the outer cylinder 11 can be heated at a predetermined temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction. For example, the outer cylinder 11
The heating can be performed in such a temperature distribution that the temperature at the open end side of the inner cylinder 13 is relatively low and the temperature at the closed end side is relatively high. In this case, the outer cylinder 11 on the open end side of the inner cylinder 13 is 300
C. to 350.degree. C., the outer cylinder on the closed end side of the inner cylinder 13 is heated to 500.degree. C. to 550.degree. C., and the temperature of each gas is adjusted so that the central region thereof is heated to an intermediate temperature between them. Selected.

The outer cylinder 11 has a discharge port 1 of the inner cylinder 13.
A molten plastic discharge pipe 18 is provided on the lower surface side near the 3d portion, and a decomposition gas discharge pipe 19 is provided on the upper surface side near the discharge port 13d of the inner cylinder 13. The open / close valve 1 is connected to the molten plastic discharge pipe 18.
8v is provided. An oil gas separation device and a desalination gas treatment device (not shown) are connected to the cracked gas discharge pipe 19.

In addition, a plurality of ceramic balls 25 are loaded inside the inner cylinder 13. A plurality of baffle plates 26 each having a predetermined height are provided inside the inner cylinder 13.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

First, in a state where the first valve 15x of the waste plastic input pipe 15 is opened and the second valve 15y is closed, the waste plastic 31 is continuously charged from the transporter 32 to the waste plastic input port 15i. The waste plastic 31 is temporarily stored above the second valve 15y of the charging pipe 15.

After a predetermined time has elapsed, or after a predetermined amount of waste plastic 31 has been stored above the second valve 15y, the first valve 15x is closed. This allows
The waste plastic 31 charged so far is confined in the space between the first valve 15x and the second valve 15y.

Thereafter, the inert gas replacing machine 16 is operated,
The air in the space between the first valve 15x and the second valve 15y, that is, the air around the waste plastic 31 is replaced with the inert gas.

Next, the second valve 15y is opened, and the waste plastic 31 falls to the elbow 15e. Thereafter, the waste plastic 31 is introduced into the inner cylinder 13 through the horizontal portion 15h by the pusher 15p.

Gas passages 21a, 21b, 21 of the outer cylinder 11
Hot air gas at a predetermined temperature is introduced into c.
Thereby, the outer cylinder 11 is heated to a predetermined temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction, and as a result, the inner cylinder 13 is also heated to a predetermined temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction. For this reason, the waste plastic 31 introduced into the inner cylinder 13 is heated by the inner cylinder 13 and starts thermal decomposition.

The inner cylinder 13 is gently rotated by the drive motor 14. Thus, the waste plastic 31 introduced into the inner cylinder 13 is sent to the outlet 13d. The waste plastic 31 is thermally decomposed according to the temperature distribution of the inner cylinder 13 in the process of moving in the inner cylinder 13. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the thermal decomposition treatment is high,
And molten plastic (residue) melted by thermal decomposition
And the cracked gas (oil gas and desalinated gas) smoothly 1
It can be sent to the 3d side. At the same time, the ratio of oil content in the residue can be kept low.

The ceramic balls 25 loaded in the inner cylinder 13 come into contact with the waste plastic 31 over a larger surface area, so that the heat transfer efficiency is improved. At the same time, the ceramic balls 25 roll in the inner cylinder 13 by the rotation of the inner cylinder 13, so that carbides and the like are prevented from adhering to the inner surface of the inner cylinder 13.

Further, a plurality of baffle plates 26
The molten plastic can be sent to the discharge port 13d at an appropriate timing according to the degree of decomposition.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the energy efficiency of the thermal decomposition treatment is high, and the molten plastic (residue) and the decomposition gas (oil gas and desalination gas) melted by the thermal decomposition are smoothly removed. Can be sent to the outlet 13d side, and the ratio of oil contained in the residue can be kept low.

In particular, when the outer cylinder 11 on the open end side of the inner cylinder 13 is 3
When the outer tube at the closed end side of the inner tube 13 is heated to 500 ° C. to 550 ° C. and the central region thereof is heated to a temperature intermediate between them, it is efficient and smooth. It has been found that a thermal decomposition treatment can be performed.

The rotation speed of the inner cylinder 13 can be appropriately controlled according to the processing speed of the thermal decomposition device 10 and the like. In some cases, the temperature of each gas is determined by the
Is preferably variable depending on the processing stage.

Next, a waste plastic processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the waste plastic processing apparatus according to the second embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the waste plastic processing apparatus 40 of the present embodiment, a second pyrolysis apparatus 50 is connected in series with the pyrolysis apparatus 10. Second pyrolysis device 5
0 denotes a second outer cylinder 51 and a bearing 52 inside the second outer cylinder 51.
a and the second inner cylinder 5 rotatably arranged via 52b
And 3.

The second inner cylinder 53, like the inner cylinder 13, is generally cylindrical and has a tapered portion 53t and a small diameter portion 53s at both ends.
have. The bearings 52a and 52b support the second inner cylinder 53 at the small diameter portions 53s at both ends. One end of both ends of the second inner cylinder 53 is open, and the other end is closed.

A second drive motor 54 is connected to the closed end side of the second inner cylinder 53, so that the second inner motor 53 is gently rotated by the second drive motor 54. In the tapered portion 53t on the closed end side, a plurality of outlets 53d for discharging the residue and the oil gas into the outer cylinder 51 are formed.

On the other hand, on the open end side of the second inner cylinder 53, a molten plastic injection pipe 55 is inserted with a small gap. This gap is set so as to allow the rotation of the second inner cylinder 53 with respect to the molten plastic charging pipe 55. The waste plastic charging pipe 55 is fixed to the second outer cylinder 51.

In this case, the waste plastic charging pipe 55 is substantially L-shaped, the horizontal portion 55h is inserted substantially parallel into the second inner cylinder 53, and the elbow portion 55e is provided with a horizontal pusher member 55p. ing. The upper end of the vertical portion 55v
It is continuous with the molten plastic discharge pipe 18 of the pyrolysis device 10.

In the second outer cylinder 51, three gas passages 61a, 61b, 61c are formed in this case corresponding to the tapered portion 53t of the second inner cylinder 53 and the central region (large diameter portion) thereof. . The gas passages 61 a, 61 b, and 61 c are arranged sequentially in the longitudinal direction of the second outer cylinder 51, and each is formed in a substantially ring shape surrounding the second outer cylinder 51.

In each of the gas passages 61a, 61b, 61c,
Gas pipes 62a, 62b, 62c for introducing a gas for heating at a predetermined temperature to the gas passages 61a, 61b, 61c communicate with the gas pipes 62a, 62b, 6c, respectively.
2c is provided with gas supply valves 63a, 63b, 63c, respectively.

By changing the temperature of the gas introduced from each gas pipe 62a, 62b, 62c into each gas passage 61a, 61b, 61c, the second outer cylinder 51 is heated with a predetermined temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction. obtain. For example, the second outer cylinder 51 can be heated with a temperature distribution such that the temperature on the open end side of the second inner cylinder 53 is relatively low and the temperature on the closed end side is relatively high. In this case, the second outer cylinder 51 on the open end side of the second inner cylinder 53 is heated to 400 ° C. to 450 ° C.
The temperature of each gas is selected so that the outer cylinder on the closed end side of the inner cylinder 53 is heated to 500 ° C. to 550 ° C., and the central region thereof is heated to a temperature intermediate between them.

The second outer cylinder 51 is provided with a residue discharge pipe 58 on the lower surface side in the vicinity of the discharge port 53d of the second inner cylinder 53. The residue discharge pipe 58 is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port 53d of the second inner cylinder 53. An oil gas discharge pipe 59 is provided on the upper surface side. The residue discharge pipe 58 is provided with an opening / closing valve 58v. An oil storage tank (not shown) is connected to the oil gas discharge pipe 59.

In addition, the inner cylinder 1 is provided inside the second inner cylinder 53.
Similarly to 3, a plurality of ceramic balls 65 are loaded. A plurality of baffle plates 66 each having a predetermined height are also provided inside the second inner cylinder 53.

In the pyrolysis apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the outer cylinder 11 on the open end side of the inner cylinder 13 has a temperature of 100.degree.
℃, the outer cylinder on the closed end side of the inner cylinder 13
The temperature of each gas is selected such that it is heated to 350 ° C. and its central region is heated to a temperature in between. Further, a desalination gas treatment device (not shown) is directly connected to the decomposition gas discharge pipe 19.

Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the waste plastic processing apparatus according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.
In the second embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

According to the present embodiment, since the desalting process is performed in the pyrolysis device 10, the oil gas extraction process can be performed in the second pyrolysis device 50.
In addition to the need for a device to separate desalted gas and oil gas,
Excellent maintenance and other conveniences.

[0049]

According to the present invention, since the outer cylinder can be heated at a predetermined temperature distribution in the longitudinal direction, for example, the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic charged is started at a low temperature, and as the inner cylinder rotates. The thermal decomposition can be advanced while moving the waste plastic to the high temperature region. For this reason, the energy efficiency in the thermal decomposition process is excellent, and the fluidity of the molten plastic is increased, so that the efficiency of the thermal decomposition process can be improved. In addition, since excessive heating is effectively prevented, a high-quality cracked oil can be obtained. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a waste plastic processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a waste plastic processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional waste plastic processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pyrolyzer 11 Outer cylinder 12a, 12b Bearing 13 Inner cylinder 13t Taper part 13s Small diameter part 13d Discharge port 14 Drive motor 15 Waste plastic charging pipe 15h Horizontal part 15e Elbow part 15v Vertical part 15p Pusher member 15x First valve 15y Second Valve 16 Inert gas replacement machine 18 Molten plastic discharge pipe 18v Open / close valve 19 Decomposed gas discharge pipe 21a, 21b, 21c Gas passage 22a, 22b, 22c Gas pipe 23a, 23b, 23c Gas supply valve 25 Ceramic ball 26 Baffle plate 31 Waste Plastic 32 Conveyor 40 Waste plastic processing device 50 Second pyrolysis device 51 Second outer cylinder 52a, 52b Bearing 53 Second inner cylinder 53t Tapered portion 53s Small diameter portion 53d Discharge port 54 Second drive motor 55 Molten plastic injection pipe 5h Horizontal part 55e Elbow part 55v Vertical part 55p Pusher member 58 Residual discharge pipe 58v Open / close valve 59 Oil gas discharge pipe 61a, 61b, 61c Gas passage 62a, 62b, 62c Gas pipe 63a, 63b, 63c Gas supply valve 65 Ceramic ball 66 Baffle plate

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Ryoji Takahashi 2-4, Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture F-term in Toshiba Keihin Works (reference) 4F301 AA17 CA08 CA24 CA27 CA52 CA72 4H029 CA12

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An outer cylinder that can be heated at a predetermined temperature distribution in a longitudinal direction, an inner cylinder rotatably disposed inside the outer cylinder, a waste plastic inlet provided at one end of the inner cylinder, A waste plastic processing apparatus comprising: a pyrolysis device having a discharge port provided at the other end of the inner cylinder. 2. The outer cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the outer cylinder can be heated in a temperature distribution such that the temperature at one end is relatively low and the temperature at the other end is relatively high. Waste plastic processing equipment. 3. The outer cylinder has a plurality of gas passages which are arranged in the longitudinal direction in order and into which a heating gas having a predetermined temperature is introduced.
A waste plastic processing apparatus according to item 1. 4. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ceramic balls are loaded inside the inner cylinder. 5. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of baffle plates are provided inside the inner cylinder. 6. A second outer cylinder which can be heated with a predetermined temperature distribution in a longitudinal direction, a second inner cylinder rotatably arranged inside the second outer cylinder, and one end of the second inner cylinder. And a discharge port provided at the other end of the second inner cylinder, and a second port having a molten plastic input port communicating with the molten plastic discharge port.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pyrolysis device.
6. A waste plastic processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. The second outer cylinder can be heated with a temperature distribution such that the temperature at one end is relatively low and the temperature at the other end is relatively high. A waste plastic processing apparatus as described in the above. 8. The second outer cylinder is arranged in order in the longitudinal direction and has a plurality of gas passages into which a heating gas at a predetermined temperature is introduced. 8. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to 7. 9. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of ceramic balls are loaded inside the second inner cylinder.
A waste plastic processing apparatus according to any one of the above. 10. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of baffle plates are provided inside the second inner cylinder. 11. The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein one end of the outer cylinder is heated to 300 ° C. to 350 ° C., and the other end is heated to 500 ° C. to 550 ° C. 12. The outer cylinder may have one end heated to 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. and the other end heated to 300 ° C. to 350 ° C., and the second outer cylinder may have one end heated to 400 ° C. to 450 ° C. ,
The waste plastic processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the other end side can be heated to 500 ° C. to 550 ° C. 10.